The reign and death of Ochozias. The tyranny of Athalia.
Ochozias reigning one yeare, 3. is slaine together with Ioram king of Israel, by king Iehu. 10. Athalia killeth the kinges children (onlie Ioas being saued by his aunt) and vsurpeth the kingdom six yeares.
1And the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ochozias his youngest son king in his place: for the rovers of the Arabians, who had broke in upon the camp, had killed all that were his elder brothers. So Ochozias the son of Joram king of Juda reigned.Or gli abitanti di Gerusalemme fecero succedere a lui nel regno Ochozia ultimo de' suoi figliuoli: perocché i più grandi di età erano tutti stati uccisi dai ladroni Arabi, i quali aveano assalito repentinamente gli alloggiamenti. Così regnò Ochozia figliuolo di Joram re di Giuda.AND the inhabitantes of Ierusalem made Ochozias his least sonne, king for him: for al the elders, that had bene before him, the rouers of the Arabians had slayne, which inuaded the campe: and Ochozias the sonne of Ioram the king of Iuda reigned.Constituerunt autem habitatores Jerusalem Ochoziam filium ejus minimum regem pro eo: omnes enim majores natu, qui ante eum fuerant, interfecerant latrones Arabum qui irruerant in castra: regnavitque Ochozias filius Joram regis Juda. 2Ochozias was forty-two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned one year in Jerusalem, and the name of his mother was Athalia the daughter of Amri.Ochozia aveva quaranta due anni, quando cominciò a regnare, e regnò un anno in Gerusalemme; e sua madre si nomava Athalia figliuola di Amri.Two and fourtie yeares old was Ocohzias when he began to reigne, and he reigned one yeare in Ierusalem, and the name of his mother was Athalia the daughter of Amri.Quadraginta duorum annorum erat Ochozias cum regnare cœpisset, et uno anno regnavit in Jerusalem: et nomen matris ejus Athalia filia Amri. 3He also walked in the ways of the house of Achab: for his mother pushed him on to do wickedly.Ma anch'egli principiò a battere le vie della casa di Achab: perocché la madre sua lo precipitò nell'empietà.But he also went by the waies of the house of Achab: for his mother forced him to doe impiously.Sed et ipse ingressus est per vias domus Achab: mater enim ejus impulit eum ut impie ageret. 4So he did evil in the sight of the Lord, as the house of Achab did: for they were his counsellors after the death of his father, to his destruction.Egli pertanto fece il male nel cospetto del Signore, come la casa di Achab, dalla quale scelse i suoi consiglieri dopo la morte del padre suo per sua rovina.He therfore did euil in the sight of our Lord, as the house of Achab: for they were his counselers after the death of his father, to his destruction.Fecit igitur malum in conspectu Domini, sicut domus Achab: ipsi enim fuerunt ei consiliarii post mortem patris sui, in interitum ejus: 5And he walked after their counsels. And he went with Joram the son of Achab king of Israel, to fight against Hazael king of Syria, at Ramoth Galaad: and the Syrians wounded Joram.Ed egli seguitò i loro consigli. E andò a Ramoth di Galaad con Joram figliuolo di Achab, re d'Israele, a far guerra ad Hazael re di Siria: e Joram rimase ferito dai Siri.And he walked in their counfels. And he went forth with Ioram the sonne of Achab king of Israel, into battel agaynst Hazael king of Syria, into Ramoth Galaad: and the Syrians wounded Ioram.ambulavitque in consiliis eorum. Et perrexit cum Joram filio Achab rege Israël in bellum contra Hazaël regem Syriæ in Ramoth Galaad: vulneraveruntque Syri Joram.
6And he returned to be healed in Jezrahel: for he received many wounds in the foresaid battle. And Ochozias the son of Joram king of Juda, went down to visit Joram the son of Achab in Jezrahel where he lay sick.E tornossene in Jezrael per farsi medicare: perocché molte ferite aveva egli rilevate in quella battaglia. Quindi Ochozia figliuolo di Joram, re di Giuda, andò a visitare Joram figliuolo di Achab, malato in Jezrael.Who returned to be cured into Iezrael: for he had taken manie woundes in the foresayd battel. Therfore Ochozias the sonne of Ioram king of Iuda, went downe te visit Ioram the sonne of Achab in Iezrael being sicke.Qui reversus est ut curaretur in Jezrahel: multas enim plagas acceperat in supradicto certamine. Igitur Ochozias filius Joram rex Juda descendit ut inviseret Joram filium Achab in Jezrahel ægrotantem. 7For it was the will of God against Ochozias that he should come to Joram: and when he was come should go out also against Jehu the son of Namsi, whom the Lord had anointed to destroy the house of Achab.Perocché fu volontà di Dio irato contro Ochozia, che egli andasse a visitare Joram; ed essendovi andato, si movesse con lui per gire incontro a Jehu figliuolo di Namsi unto dal Signore per isterminar la casa di Achab.For it was the wil of God agaynst Ochozias, that he should come to Ioram: and when he was come he should goe out also against Iehu the sonne of Namsi, whom our Lord anoynted to destroy the house of Achab.Voluntatis quippe fuit Dei adversus Ochoziam, ut veniret ad Joram: et cum venisset, et egrederetur cum eo adversum Jehu filium Namsi, quem unxit Dominus ut deleret domum Achab. 8So when Jehu was rooting out the house of Achab, he found the princes of Juda, and the sons of the brethren of Ochozias, who served him, and he slew them.Mentre adunque Jehu andava a distruggere la casa di Achab, trovò i principi di Giuda, e i figliuoli de' fratelli di Ochozia, i quali servivano a lui, e gli uccise.When Iehu therfore ouerthrew the house of Achab, he found the princes of Iuda, and the sonne of the brethren of Ochozias, which serued him, and he slewe them.Cum ergo everteret Jehu domum Achab, invenit principes Juda, et filios fratrum Ochoziæ, qui ministrabant ei, et interfecit illos. 9And he sought for Ochozias himself, and took him lying hid in Samaria: and when he was brought to him, he killed him, and they buried him: because he was the son of Josaphat, who had sought the Lord with all his heart. And there was no more hope that any one should reign of the race of Ochozias.Ed essendo andato in cerca anche dello stesso Ochozia, che era ascoso in Samaria, lo ebbe in suo potere: e fattoselo condur davanti, lo uccise, e lo seppellirono: perchè era figliuolo di Josaphat, il quale avea cercato il Signore con tutto il cuor suo: né v'era più speranza, che alcuno della stirpe di Ochozia potesse regnare:Searching also for Ochozias himself, he tooke him lying hid in Samatia: and being brought vnto him, he killed him, and they buried him: because he was the sonne of Iosaphat, who had sought our Lord in al his hart neither was there anie more hope that anie should reigne of the stocke of Ochozias.Ipsum quoque perquirens Ochoziam, comprehendit latitantem in Samaria: adductumque ad se, occidit: et sepelierunt eum, eo quod esset filius Josaphat, qui quæsierat Dominum in toto corde suo. Nec erat ultra spes aliqua ut de stirpe quis regnaret Ochoziæ:
10For Athalia his mother, seeing that her son was dead, rose up, and killed all the royal family of the house of Joram.Conciossiachè Athalia sua madre, veggendo morto il suo figliuolo, infuriata uccise tutta la stirpe reale della casa di Joram.For Athalia his mother, seing that her sonne was dead, arose, and s•eu al the kinges stocke of the house of Ioram.siquidem Athalia mater ejus, videns quod mortuus esset filius suus, surrexit, et interfecit omnem stirpem regiam domus Joram. 11But Josabeth the king’s daughter took Joas the son of Ochozias, and stole him from among the king’s sons that were slain. And she hid him with his nurse in a bedchamber: now Josabeth that hid him, was daughter of king Joram, wife of Joiada the high priest, and sister of Ochozias, and therefore Athalia did not kill him.Ma Josabeth figliuola del re prese Gioas figliuolo di Ochozia, trafugandolo di mezzo ai figliuoli del re, mentre erano uccisi: e lo nascose colla sua balia nella camera dei letti. Or Josabeth, che lo nascose, era figliuola del re Joram, moglie di Joiada Pontefice, sorella di Ochozia: così Athalia non lo uccise.Sauing that Iosabeth the kinges daughter tooke Ioas the sonne of Ochozias, and stole him out of the middes of the kinges sonnes, when they were slayne and she hid thim with his nource in the bedde chamber: and Iosabeth that hid him, was the daughter of king Ioram, the wife of Ioiada the high priest, the sister of Ochozias, and therfore Athalia did not kil him.Porro Josabeth filia regis tulit Joas filium Ochoziæ, et furata est eum de medio filiorum regis, cum interficerentur: absconditque eum cum nutrice sua in cubiculo lectulorum: Josabeth autem, quæ absconderat eum, erat filia regis Joram, uxor Jojadæ pontificis, soror Ochoziæ: et idcirco Athalia non interfecit eum. 12And he was with them hid in the house of God six years, during which Athalia reigned over the land.Ed egli stette tra i sacerdoti nascosto nella casa di Dio per sei anni, quanto durò Athalia a regnar nel paese.He therfore was with them in the house of God six yeares, in the which Athalia reigned ouer the Land.Fuit ergo cum eis in domo Dei absconditus sex annis, quibus regnavit Athalia super terram.
22:1
Year of the World 3119.
Haydock
Arabians and Philistines, 2 Paralipomenon 21:17. (Haydock)
22:2
Haydock
Forty-two, etc. Diverse Greek Bibles read twenty-two, agreeably to 4 Kings 8:18., (Challoner) with the Syriac and Arabic. The Roman (Calmet) and Alexandrian Septuagint have "twenty." (Haydock)
Calmet
Ochozias was the youngest son, and his father died at forty years of age, 2 Paralipomenon 21:20. (Calmet)
Calmet
Others would date from the birth of Amri, (Broughton) or of Athalia. But it is most probable that we should read 22, as [in] 4 Kings. (Calmet)
Kennicott
The contradiction has so much perplexed the commentators, that Walton (prol. 36) puts it among the quaedam apora; and De Dieu says, "I would rather plainly confess that this difficulty is to us inexplicable." The error here, "is plainly owing to a mistake of one of the Hebrew numeral letters," c, being put instead of m, which was formerly more similar than it is now. "In Origen's Hexapla, one of the Greek copies (probably that found in Caracalla's time) reads here cb, by rendering the number 22, eikosi kai duo, all which proofs make the mistake indubitable, and strongly recommend this method of correcting it." (Kennicott)
Du Hamel
Mariana, Tirinus, etc., had already suggested this plan, (Haydock) which is very plausible. (Du Hamel)
Worthington
Ochozias might reign twenty years with his father, and only one alone, 4 Kings 8:26. (Worthington)
22:3
Pushed. Hebrew and Septuagint, "was his counsellor to," etc.
22:6
Year of the World 3020.
Year before Christ 884.
Calmet
Ochozias. So all the versions read. Hebrew, "Azarias," is probably incorrect, unless this man had three names. (Calmet)
22:7
For. Protestants, "and the destruction of Ahaziah was of God, by coming to Joram." God had decreed to punish him by the hand of Jehu, 4 Kings ix.
22:8
Out. Hebrew, "exercising judgment with."
Brethren, who had been themselves slain by the rovers. Ochozias employed his nephews at court, and they expected that he would make some stay at Jezrahel.
22:9
Hid in the kingdom of Samaria, (Malvenda) at Mageddo, where he was wounded; though he was perhaps put to death at Jezrahel, 4 Kings 9:27.
Buried him, at Jerusalem.
Calmet
Reign. Hebrew, "the house of Ochozias had no one to bear the weight of the kingdom." The children of the deceased were too young, particularly as most of the princes were slain. (Calmet)
Worthington
Human hope failed, but God's providence kept David's issue on the throne, till Christ appeared. (Worthington)
22:10
Du Hamel
All, except Joas, (ver. 11., and 4 Kings 11:1.; Calmet) ninety-five years after Solomon's death. (Mariana) (Du Hamel)
22:11
Haydock
High is not expressed in Hebrew or Septuagint, but he is supposed to have been the pontiff. (Haydock)
22:2
Forty-two, etc.... Divers Greek Bibles read thirty-two, agreeably to 4 Kings 8.17.
22:1
4. Reg. 8. v. 25. ch. 9.
22:2
To wit when he beganne to reigne alone: for he reigned together with his father at the age of 22. 4. Reg. 8. v. 26. And after his fathers death but one yeare.
Concordance See 4. Reg. 8. v. 18.
22:9
Human hope failed, but Gods prouidence vsed meanes to conserue some of Dauids issue to sitte in his throne, yea to continue the succession 〈◊〉 Christ. Mat. 1.
22:9
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 2
2 Chron. xxii. 9 . Ahaziah received burial among kings because descended from righteous Jehoshaphat.
22:1
1. OCHOZIAS. — This is he who was called Joachaz with the name inverted, in the preceding chapter, verse 17.
22:2
2. OCHOZIAS WAS FORTY-TWO YEARS OLD WHEN HE BEGAN TO REIGN. — This is a great question and contradiction; for in IV Kings chapter viii, verse 26, it is said: "Ochozias was twenty-two years old when he began to reign," because, as was mentioned before, Joram began to reign when he was 32 years old, and reigned for 8 years, and died in the fortieth year of his age, as Josephus says; then his son Ochozias succeeded him, therefore he could not have been 42 years old, otherwise he would have been two years older than his father Joram, who died in the fortieth year of his age; therefore Ochozias was then 22 years old. Fourthly, therefore, Cajetan, Bellarmine in a manuscript concordance of the years of the kings of Israel and Judah, which I have in my possession, Torniellus, Salianus, Mariana, Scaliger and others judge that there is an error here, and that 22 years should be substituted for 42. For thus it is clearly said in IV Kings chapter viii, verse 26: "Ochozias was 22 years old when he began to reign," and thus the Septuagint corrected at Rome have it in this place. Twenty, they say, years old was Ochozias; and in the Notes it is added that other codices have: Twenty-two years old. And easily in the Hebrew for עשרים Esrim, that is twenty, arbaim, that is 40, could have crept in: more easily in ciphers did the error creep in, so that for בכ that is 22, מב that is 42, was placed, says Mariana; for beth and mem are similar in character. And this seems to have been the origin of the error. I confess that all Hebrew and Latin codices have 42 in this place, not 22; but the arguments compel us to substitute 22 for 42. For no other solid solution can be offered here; nor do the Interpreters, but Holy Scripture itself corrects itself, corrupted by copyists, namely the Book of Kings corrects the Book of Paralipomenon in the years already mentioned, corrupted by the fault of scribes. Many things in the Vulgate edition corrected by the Romans have been corrected, and many more could be corrected, as the correctors themselves confess in the preface, and error in numbers easily occurs, and it does not pertain to faith or good morals. Thus many remove Cainan from the series of generations in the genealogy of Christ, although all Greek, Latin, Syriac, Arabic, etc. exemplars consistently have it, in Luke chapter III, verse 36. Finally, in this place for 42 years, the Syriac has: Ochozias was 22 years old. Thus also the Arabic has it, both of them, namely the Antiochene, or of Mount Sinai, and the Alexandrian, or Coptic, as the Most Illustrious Lord Sergius Risius, a Maronite, Archbishop of Damascus, assured me at Rome. ATHALIA DAUGHTER OF OMRI. — "Daughter," that is granddaughter. For she was the daughter of Achab, who was the son of Omri, as is evident in the preceding chapter, verse 6, and in IV Kings chapter viii, verse 18.
22:10
10. SHE SLEW ALL THE ROYAL STOCK, — namely all the sons of her son Ochozias the king, whom he himself had begotten many from many wives (as was the custom of kings at that time). She therefore killed all her grandsons from the son Ochozias, so that with these, as it were heirs of the kingdom, removed, she herself alone, as it were a grandmother, might reign freely and with impunity. See to what parricides the desire and lust of reigning drove a woman.
22:11
11. NOW JOSABETH DAUGHTER OF KING JORAM (not from Athalia, but from another wife) STOLE HIM (Joas) FROM THE MIDST OF THE KING'S SONS WHEN THEY WERE BEING SLAIN, — "whom among the corpses of his slain brothers, says Josephus, in the belief of Athalia that he was dead, by the work of his nurse was secretly taken away and hidden in her home, and with her husband alone (Joiada the High Priest) knowing it, for six years she hid him in the temple in a chamber of the beds," that is in one alcove, or chamber, where there was a triclinium in which the Priests and Levites ate, who served the temple in their turn that week. For there were many such alcoves around the temple, and therefore the temple itself, that is the appendages of the temple, are called by this name.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
22:3
… "He too walked in the way of the house of Ahab, for his mother was his counselor in doing evil" (II Par. 22, 3; cf. II Reg. 8, 27). Together with Jehoram his uncle, king of Israel, he took part in the expedition against Hazael king of Damascus for the reconquest of Ramoth-gilead. …
22:9
… Pursued and wounded on the ascent of Gur not far from Ibleam (present-day Bel'ameh, 2 km. south of Jenin), O. was put to death by order of Jehu near Megiddo (ibid. 9, 27; in Samaria according to II Par. 22, 9: the geographical discrepancy can be resolved by supposing that the chronicler limited himself to a generic indication of the region without specifying, as II Kings does, the precise …
22:10
… The immediate sign of the religious reaction was the destruction of the temple of Baal and the killing of Mattan (II Kings 11; II Chron. 22:10-23:21).
Joas (Heb. Jō'āf and Jēhō'āf; Greek: 'Iōzōz)
… After 6 years, with careful precaution, the latter proclaimed him king, on a Sabbath in the Temple, ordering the killing of Athaliah (2 Kings 11; 2 Chron. 22:10 ff.; 23). I. reigned ca. 39 years; he was subject to the beneficial influence of the pious Jehoiada. …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.