Saul goeth out again after David, who cometh by night where Saul and his men are asleep, but suffereth him not to be touched. Saul again confesseth his fault, and promiseth peace.
The Ziphians bewrraying the place, Saul besiegeth Dauid. 5. who by night goeth where Saul and his men are a sleepe, 9. hurteth him not: 12. but taketh from him his speare and bottle of water: 14. sheweth what he hath done. 21. Saul againe confesseth his fault, and promiseth peace.
1And the men of Ziph came to Saul in Gabaa, saying: Behold David is hid in the hill of Hachila, which is over against the wilderness.E andarono gli Ziphei a trovar Saul in Gabaa, e dissero: Sappi che Davidde sta nascosto nella collina di Hachila, che è dirimpetto al deserto.AND there came Zepheites vnto Saul in Gabaa, saying: Behold Dauid is hid in the hil Hachila, which is ouer against the wildernes.Et venerunt Ziphæi ad Saul in Gabaa, dicentes: Ecce David absconditus est in colle Hachila, quæ est ex adverso solitudinis. 2And Saul arose, and went down to the wilderness of Ziph having with him three thousand chosen men of Israel, to seek David in the wilderness of Ziph.E Saul si mosse, e andò al deserto di Ziph, avendo seco tremila uomini scelti d'Israele, per cercar David nel deserto di Ziph.And Saul arose, and went downe into the desert Ziph, and with him three thousand men of the chosen of Israel, to seeke Dauid in the desert Ziph.Et surrexit Saul, et descendit in desertum Ziph, et cum eo tria millia virorum de electis Israël, ut quæreret David in deserto Ziph. 3And Saul encamped in Gabaa Hachila, which was over against the wilderness in the way: and David abode in the wilderness. And seeing that Saul was come after him into the wilderness,E Saul pose il campo in Gabaa di Hachila, che era dirimpetto al deserto sulla strada: e David stava nel deserto. E sentendo che Saul andava cercandolo pel deserto,And Saul camped in Gabaa Hachila, which was ouer against the wildernes in the way: and Dauid dwelt in the desert. And seing that Saul was come after him into the deset,Et castrametatus est Saul in Gabaa Hachila, quæ erat ex adverso solitudinis in via: David autem habitabat in deserto. Videns autem quod venisset Saul post se in desertum, 4He sent spies, and learned that he was most certainly come thither.Mandò esploratori, e riseppe, com' egli era venuto certissimamente.he sent discouerers, and lerned that he was come thither most certainly.misit exploratores, et didicit quod illuc venisset certissime. 5And David arose secretly, and came to the place where Saul was: and when he had beheld the place, wherein Saul slept, and Abner, the son of Ner, the captain of his army, and Saul sleeping in a tent, and the rest of the multitude round about him,E David si mosse segretamente, e andò dove era Saul: e avendo notato il luogo, in cui dormiva Saul, e Abner figliuolo di Ner, capitano de' suoi soldati, e Saul, che dormiva nella tenda, e intorno a lui tutta la sua gente,And Dauid arose secretly, and came to the place where Saul was: and when he had seene the place, wherein Saul slept, and Abner the sonne of Ner, the prince of his warre, and Saul sleeping in the tent, and the rest of the multitude round about him,Et surrexit David clam, et venit ad locum ubi erat Saul: cumque vidisset locum in quo dormiebat Saul, et Abner filius Ner, princeps militiæ ejus, et Saulem dormientem in tentorio, et reliquum vulgus per circuitum ejus, 6David spoke to Achimelech, the Hethite, and Abisai, the son of Sarvia, the brother of Joab, saying: Who will go down with me to Saul into the camp? And Abisai said: I will go with thee.Disse David ad Achimelech Hetheo, e ad Abisai figliuolo di Servia fratello di Joab: Chi verrà meco nel campo di Saul? E Abisai disse: Verrò io con te.Dauid spake to Achimelech the Hetheit, and Abisai the sonne of Seruia the brother of Ioab, saying: Who wil goe downe with me to Saul into the campe? And Abisai said: I wil goe with thee.ait David ad Achimelech Hethæum, et Abisai filium Sarviæ fratrem Joab, dicens: Quis descendet mecum ad Saul in castra ? Dixitque Abisai: Ego descendam tecum.
7So David and Abisai came to the people by night, and found Saul lying and sleeping in the tent, and his spear fixed in the ground at his head: and Abner and the people sleeping round about him.Andarono adunque David, e Abisai tra quella gente di notte tempo, e trovaron Saul che giaceva addormentato nella tenda con la sua lancia vicino al capezzale fitta in terra; e Abner, e l'altra gente che dormivano all'intorno.Dauid therefore and Abisai came to the people by night, and found Saul lying and sleeping in the tent, and his speare fixed in the ground at his head: and Abner, and the people sleeping round about him.Venerunt ergo David et Abisai ad populum nocte, et invenerunt Saul jacentem et dormientem in tentorio, et hastam fixam in terra ad caput ejus: Abner autem et populum dormientes in circuitu ejus. 8And Abisai said to David: God hath shut up thy enemy this day into thy hands: now then I will run him through with my spear, even to the earth at once, and there shall be no need of a second time.E Abisai disse a David: Oggi Dio ti ha dato in balia il tuo nemico: or io lo conficcherò in terra con un solo colpo di lancia, e non vi abbisognerà il secondo.And Abisai said to Dauid: God hath shut vp thine enemie this day into thy handes: now therefore I wil thrust him through with my speare in the earth once, and twise shal not neede.Dixitque Abisai ad David: Conclusit Deus inimicum tuum hodie in manus tuas: nunc ergo perfodiam eum lancea in terra semel, et secundo opus non erit. 9And David said to Abisai: Kill him not: for who shall put forth his hand against the Lord’s anointed, and shall be guiltless?Ma David disse ad Abisai: Non ammazzarlo: imperocché chi può senza colpa stendere la sua mano contro il cristo del Signore?And Dauid said to Abisai: Kil him not: for who shal extend his hand vpon the annointed of our Lord, & shal be innocent?Et dixit David ad Abisai: Ne interficias eum: quis enim extendet manum suam in christum Domini, et innocens erit ? 10And David said: As the Lord liveth, unless the Lord shall strike him, or his day shall come to die, or he shall go down to battle, and perish:E soggiunse David: Viva il Signore: se il Signore non lo ucciderà, o non verrà il giorno della sua morte, o non perirà dando battaglia;And Dauid said: Our Lord liueth, vnlesse our Lord shal strike him, or his day come to die, or descendig into battel he perish:Et dixit David: Vivit Dominus, quia nisi Dominus percusserit eum, aut dies ejus venerit ut moriatur, aut in prælium descendens perierit:
11The Lord be merciful unto me, that I extend not my hand upon the Lord’s anointed. But now take the spear, which is at his head, and the cup of water, and let us go.Il Signore mi farà la grazia di non istendere la mia mano contro il cristo del Signore: ora dunque tu prendi l'asta, che è presso alla sua testa, e la coppa dell'acqua, e andiamocene.Our Lord be merciful vnto me, that I extend not my hand vpon the annointed of our Lord. now therefore take the speare, which is at his head, & cuppe of water, and let vs goe.propitius sit mihi Dominus ne extendam manum meam in christum Domini. Nunc igitur tolle hastam quæ est ad caput ejus, et scyphum aquæ, et abeamus. 12So David took the spear, and the cup of water which was at Saul’s head, and they went away: and no man saw it, or knew it, or awaked, but they were all asleep, for a deep sleep from the Lord was fallen upon them.Davidde pertanto portò via la lancia e la coppa dell'acqua che Saul avea presso al suo capo, e se n'andarono: e non eravi anima, che vedesse o sentisse, o vegliasse, ma tutti dormivano, perchè eran presi da sonno profondo.Dauid therefore tooke the speare, and cuppe of water, which was at Saules head, and they went away: and there was none that sawe, or vnderstood, or awaked, but al slept, because the dead sleepe of our Lord, had fallen vpon them.Tulit igitur David hastam, et scyphum aquæ qui erat ad caput Saul, et abierunt: et non erat quisquam qui videret, et intelligeret, et evigilaret, sed omnes dormiebant, quia sopor Domini irruerat super eos. 13And when David was gone over to the other side, and stood on the top of the hill afar off, and a good space was between them,E David essendo passato dalla parte opposta, e fermatosi in lontananza sulla cresta del monte, essendovi grande intervallo tra sé, e loro,And when Dauid had passed ouer against, and stood in the toppe of the mountaine farre of, and a good space betwen them,Cumque transisset David ex adverso, et stetisset in vertice montis de longe, et esset grande intervallum inter eos, 14David cried to the people, and to Abner, the son of Ner, saying: Wilt thou not answer, Abner? And Abner answering, said: Who art thou, that criest, and disturbest the king?Chiamò con un grido quella gente, e Abner figliuolo di Ner, e disse: Non mi risponderai tu, o Abner? E Abner rispose, e disse: Chi se' tu che gridi e inquieti il re?Dauid cried to the people, and to Abner the sonne of Ner, saying: Wilt thou not answer Abner? And Abner answering sayd: Who art thou, that criest and disquietest the king?clamavit David ad populum, et ad Abner filium Ner, dicens: Nonne respondebis, Abner ? Et respondens Abner, ait: Quis es tu, qui clamas, et inquietas regem ?
15And David said to Abner: Art not thou a man? and who is like unto thee in Israel? why then hast thou not kept thy lord the king? for there came one of the people in to kill the king thy lord.E David disse ad Abner: Non se' tu un uomo? Ed havven'egli un altro simile a te in Israele? perchè adunque non hai fatto buona guardia al signore tuo re? perocché è entrato uno del popolo per uccidere il re tuo signore.And Dauid sayd to Abner: Art not thou a man? And who is like thee in Israel? why therefore hast thou not kept thy lord the king? for one of the multitude hath entered in to kil the king thy lord.Et ait David ad Abner: Numquid non vir tu es ? et quis alius similis tui in Israël ? quare ergo non custodisti dominum tuum regem ? ingressus est enim unus de turba ut interficeret regem dominum tuum. 16This thing is not good, that thou hast done: as the Lord liveth, you are the sons of death, who have not kept your master, the Lord’s anointed. And now where is the king’s spear, and the cup of water, which was at his head?Non bene sta quello che tu hai fatto: viva il Signore, rei di morte siete voi, che non avete fatto buona guardia al signore vostro, al cristo del Signore: or tu guarda dove sia la lancia del re, e dove sia la coppa dell'acqua, ch'egli avea presso ai suo capo.This thing is not good, which you haue done: Our Lord liueth, you are the children of death, which haue not kept your lord, the annointed of our Lord. Now therefore behold where the kinges speare is, & where the cup of water is, which was at his head.Non est bonum hoc, quod fecisti: vivit Dominus, quoniam filii mortis estis vos, qui non custodistis dominum vestrum, christum Domini: nunc ergo vide ubi sit hasta regis, et ubi sit scyphus aquæ qui erat ad caput ejus. 17And Saul knew David’s voice, and said: Is this thy voice, my son David? And David said: It is my voice, my lord the king.E Saul riconobbe la voce di David, e disse: Non è ella questa la tua voce, o David mio figliuolo? E David disse: Ell'è la mia voce, signor mio re.And Saul knew Dauids voice, and sayd: Is this thy voice, my sonne Dauid? And Dauid sayd: My voice, my lord king,Cognovit autem Saul vocem David, et dixit: Numquid vox hæc tua, fili mi David ? Et ait David: Vox mea, domine mi rex. 18And he said: Wherefore doth my lord persecute his servant? What have I done? or what evil is there in my hand?E soggiunse: Per qual ragione il signor mio perseguita il suo servo? che ho fatt'io, o di qual delitto sono imbrattate le mie mani?and he said: For what cause doth my lord persecute his seruant? What haue I done? or what euil is there in my hand?Et ait: Quam ob causam dominus meus persequitur servum suum ? quid feci ? aut quod est malum in manu mea ? 19Now therefore hear, I pray thee, my lord the king, the words of thy servant: If the Lord stir thee up against me, let him accept of sacrifice: but if the sons of men, they are cursed in the sight of the Lord, who have cast me out this day, that I should not dwell in the inheritance of the Lord, saying: Go, serve strange gods.Or adunque ascolta di grazia, o re signor mio, le parole del tuo servo: Se il Signore ti spinge contro di me, gradisca l'odore del sacrifizio, ma se (sono) i figliuoli degli uomini, essi son maledetti dinanzi al Signore, eglino che mi hanno oggi discacciato, perch'io non abbia luogo nella eredità del Signore, dicendo: Va, servi agli dei stranieri.Now therefore heare, I pray, my lord King, the wordes of thy seruant: If our Lord stirre thee vp against me, let there be odoure of sacrifice: but if the sonnes of men, they are cursed in the sight of our Lord, which haue cast me out this day, that I should not dwel in the inheritance of our Lord, saying: Goe, serue strange goddes.Nunc ergo audi, oro, domine mi rex, verba servi tui: si Dominus incitat te adversum me, odoretur sacrificium: si autem filii hominum, maledicti sunt in conspectu Domini qui ejecerunt me hodie ut non habitem in hæreditate Domini, dicentes: Vade, servi diis alienis.
20And now let not my blood be shed upon the earth before the Lord: for the king of Israel is come out to seek a flea, as the partridge is hunted in the mountains.Ora adunque non sia sparso sopra la terra il sangue mio sotto gli occhi del Signore: imperocché si è messo in viaggio un re d'Israele per andar in cerca di una pulce, come si va dietro ad una pernice pelle montagne.And now let not my blood be shed vpon the earth before our Lord, for the king of Israel, is come forth to seeke one flea, as the perdix is pursued in the mountaines.Et nunc non effundatur sanguis meus in terram coram Domino: quia egressus est rex Israël ut quærat pulicem unum, sicut persequitur perdix in montibus. 21And Saul said: I have sinned; return, my son David, for I will no more do thee harm, because my life hath been precious in thy eyes this day: for it appeareth that I have done foolishly, and have been ignorant in very many things.E Saul disse: Ho peccato: torna, figliuol mio David: perocché io non ti farò più alcun male: mentre è stata oggi preziosa negli occhi tuoi la mia vita: imperocché è manifesto come ho stoltamente operato, e di moltissime cose sono stato all'oscuro.And Saul sayd: I haue sinned, returne my sonne Dauid, for I wil no more doe thee euil, for that my life hath bene precious in thyne eies to day: for it appeareth that I haue done foolishly, and haue bene ignorant of very many thinges.Et ait Saul: Peccavi: revertere, fili mi David: nequaquam enim ultra tibi malefaciam, eo quod pretiosa fuerit anima mea in oculis tuis hodie: apparet enim quod stulte egerim, et ignoraverim multa nimis. 22And David answering, said: Behold the king’s spear: let one of the king’s servants come over and fetch it.E David rispose, e disse: Ecco la lancia del re: venga uno de' servi del re a prenderla.And Dauid answering, sayd: Behold the kings speare, let one of the kings seruants passe, and take it.Et respondens David, ait: Ecce hasta regis: transeat unus de pueris regis, et tollat eam. 23And the Lord will reward every one according to his justice, and his faithfulness: for the Lord hath delivered thee this day into my hand, and I would not put forth my hand against the Lord’s anointed.Ma il Signore darà il contraccambio ad ognuno secondo la sua giustizia, e fedeltà: perocché oggi il Signore ti avea dato nelle mie mani, e io non ho voluto stender la mano contro il cristo del Signore.And our Lord wil reward euerie one according to his iustice, and fidelitie: for our Lord hath deliuered thee this day into my hand, & I would not extend my hand vpon the annointed of our Lord.Dominus autem retribuet unicuique secundum justitiam suam et fidem: tradidit enim te Dominus hodie in manum meam, et nolui extendere manum meam in christum Domini.
24And as thy life hath been much set by this day in my eyes, so let my life be much set by in the eyes of the Lord, and let him deliver me from all distress.E siccome preziosa negli occhi miei è stata oggi la tua vita, così preziosa sia la mia vita negli occhi del Signore, ed ei mi liberi da tutti i travagli.And as thy life hath bene magnified to day in myne eies, so be my life magnified in the eies of our Lord, and deliuer he me from al distresse.Et sicut magnificata est anima tua hodie in oculis meis, sic magnificetur anima mea in oculis Domini, et liberet me de omni angustia. 25Then Saul said to David: Blessed art thou, my son David: and truly doing thou shalt do, and prevailing thou shalt prevail. And David went on his way, and Saul returned to his place.Disse adunque Saul a David: Sii tu benedetto, figliuol mio David: e certamente farai fatti grandi, e sarai potentemente possente. E David se n'andò al suo viaggio, e Saul a casa sua.Saul therefore sayd to Dauid: Blessed art thou my sonne Dauid: and truly doing thou shalt doe, and preuayling thou shalt preuaile. And Dauid went into his way, and Saul returned into his place.Ait ergo Saul ad David: Benedictus tu, fili mi David: et quidem faciens facies, et potens poteris. Abiit autem David in viam suam, et Saul reversus est in locum suum.
26:1
Year of the World 2947.
Ziph. Having declared themselves so decidedly against David, they apprehended the utmost danger if he should ascend the throne.
Hill. Hebrew, "Gabaa," as the Vulgate leaves it, ver. 3. It lay to the right hand of Ziph, (chap. 23:19,) or "of Jesimon." (Septuagint)
26:4
Certainly, or in a place strongly secured by nature. Septuagint, "well armed."
26:5
Calmet
Tent, or covered chariot, such as the Scythians use in their marches, (Justin i.) or in a "royal tent." Septuagint lampene, (Pollux.; Menochius) "richly ornamented," (Lucifer of Cagliari) "in the midst" (Aquila) of his troops. (Calmet)
Menochius
David might see all was quiet from an eminence, or he might be informed by his spies. (Menochius)
26:6
Hethite. He had probably embraced the Jewish religion.
Calmet
Abisai was the son of Sarvia, David's sister, and made a great figure at court. (Calmet)
Haydock
David was directed by God to manifest his clemency (Menochius) and reverence for Saul in this perilous attempt. (Haydock)
26:8
Haydock
My. Hebrew, "the spear," which was fixed in the ground at Saul's pillow. Protestants, "let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear, even to the earth, at once, and I will not smite him a second time." (Haydock)
26:9
Calmet
Guiltless. Saul was still his king, how wicked soever, and this title rendered his person inviolable. The eastern nations are very seldom guilty of rebellion, or of murdering their kings; a thing of which we find so many examples in the Roman, English, and French histories. (Calmet)
Menochius
A private man could not lay violent hands upon the king without a crime; and therefore David represses Abisai, and commits his cause to God, 1 Kings 24:13. (Menochius)
Worthington
He will not permit any one to destroy the life of the king, though he was already anointed to succeed him. (Worthington)
26:10
Calmet
To die a natural death. Thus those who are slain, are said to die before their day, Psalm 54:28. Jesus was not taken, because his hour was not yet come, John 2:4., and 7:30. (Calmet)
Menochius
David waits with patience, that God might take off his adversary by sickness, old age, or the sword. (Menochius)
Haydock
He will not ascend the throne before the time appointed, and he will not kill Saul, except it be in battle, in his own defence. (Haydock)
26:12
Water, for refreshment, or for purifications.
Worthington
Lord. It is not necessary to have recourse to a miracle, (Calmet) though it must have been by a special providence that all continued in such a deep sleep, (Haydock) to give David an opportunity of manifesting his innocence. (Worthington)
26:15
Calmet
Israel. This was a cutting irony. (Calmet)
Menochius
Salien attributes to it the enmity which Abner bore to David for above seven years. (Menochius)
26:16
Grotius
Death; i.e., you deserve to die. Such negligence was punishable with death, according to the Roman laws; et qui excubias. (Grotius)
26:19
Sacrifice, that he may be appeased; (Jonathan; Vatable) or rather, I am willing to fall a victim, (Menochius) and pray that thy sacrifice may be acceptable, and all thy designs against me succeed, Psalm 19:4.
Calmet
They are. The opposition of this sentence to the preceding seems to require "let them be," etc. What in effect did not those deserve who wished to make David adore false gods? (Calmet)
Lord in the land of Israel.
Menochius
Gods. They said so, at least by their actions. (Menochius)
Calmet
All other countries were in a manner abandoned to idol-worship, so that a person could not dwell in them, without the most imminent danger. See 2 Kings 14:16., and Psalm 83:12. (Calmet)
26:20
Before, and contrary to the decrees of the Lord, (Haydock) who will be my avenger.
Haydock
Hunted, (persequitur) is here used in a passive sense; (Calmet) or it may be rendered, "as a partridge pursues" what it feeds upon. (Haydock)
26:21
Precious, and treated as such, with care and respect. See 4 Kings 1:14., Psalm 48:9., and Isaias 43:4.
Ignorant. Yet Saul was inexcusable, 2 Kings 24:10, etc.
26:22
It. He would not keep the spear, lest it might seem disrespectful.
26:24
Haydock
Set by. Literally, "magnified," or deemed very precious. (Haydock)
Salien
Distress. These were the last words which David addressed to Saul; and they seem to have made a deep impression upon him. But as no dependance could be placed on Saul's most solemn promises, David resolved, by God's advice, to retire to the country of Geth. (Salien, the year of the world 2978)
26:25
Prevail, and mount the throne.
Menochius
Place, Gabaa. (Menochius)
26:9
Dauid is resolute, and often repeteth, that it is not lawful for priuate subiectes to kil their prince, no although him selfe was annointed to succede.
26:12
Gods prouidence sent this extraordinary sleepe and inspired Dauid, to doe this fact, for more iustification of his innocencie.
26:2
St Ambrose of Milan † AD 397 On the Duties of the Clergy 3.5
33. When David fled from the face of King Saul,
26:5
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 Homilies on Philippians 5
… iv. 5 .) Would you see both flattery and audacity? “Audacity” ( 1 Sam. xxv. 10 .) in the case of Nabal, and “flattery” ( 1 Sam. xxiii. 20 .) in that of the Ziphites? For in their purpose they betrayed David. Would you see “wisdom” (
26:7
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 17
… if thou see another suffering deadly wrong, stretch out thy hand to help him. This is no longer passion, when thou art clear of all feeling for thyself alone. David had gotten Saul into his power, and was not moved by passion, did not thrust the spear into him, the enemy he had in his power; but took his revenge upon the Devil. (
26:8
St Ambrose of Milan † AD 397 On the Duties of the Clergy 3.5
… “Destroy him not, for who can stretch forth his hand against the Lord’s anointed, and be guiltless?” And he added: “As the Lord liveth, unless the Lord shall smite him, or his day shall come to die, or he shall die in battle, and it be laid to me, the Lord forbid that I should stretch out my hand against the Lord’s anointed.”
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 To Those Who Had Not Attended the Assembly 6
Well! did the captain who then counselled and urged him to the deed,
26:9
St Athanasius of Alexandria † AD 373 Second Arian Persecution under Constantius 1
… Even David, although he was a king, and had his enemy in his power, prevented not the soldiers by an exercise of authority when they wished to kill his enemy, but, as the Scripture says, David persuaded his men by arguments, and suffered them not to rise up and put Saul to death
26:10
St Athanasius of Alexandria † AD 373 Defence of His Flight. (Apologia de Fuga.) 16
… This we may well learn respecting all men from David: for when Joab instigated him to slay Saul, he said, ‘As the Lord liveth, the Lord shall smite him; or his day shall come to die; or he shall descend into battle, and be delivered to the enemies; the Lord forbid that I should stretch forth my hand against the Lord’s anointed
26:11
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 To Those Who Had Not Attended the Assembly 6
… For what kind of offence is it to be the child of insignificant and humble men, “the son of Jesse,” but when David found him sleeping inside the cave, he did not call him the “son of Kish,” but by his title of honour: “for I will not lift up my hand,” he said, “against the Lord’s anointed.”
26:12
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans 19
… xxx. 12 , LXX.): that is, I may not alter, may not be changed. For as a man who is hushed to slumber in a state of pious fear would not easily be made to change his side; so too he that is slumbering in wickedness would not change with facility. For to be hushed
26:16
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom 59
… and as though he had been rather a body guard of his, and a shield-bearer, not an enemy, so did he chide the host for their treachery towards the king.
26:19
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 16
… “And if He say to me, I have no mind for thee; lo! here am I, let Him do that which is pleasing in His sight.” ( 2 Sam. xv. 26 .) What can be more truly philosophic than these words? “Whatsoever may be pleasing to God,” saith he, “so let it be.” And again he said to Saul: “If the Lord stirreth thee up against me, may thy sacrifice be acceptable.” (
26:21
St Athanasius of Alexandria † AD 373 Defence Against the Arians (Apologia Contra Arianos) 1.2
… and with good reason; for, as the Pharisees of old, when they undertook the defence of Paul , fully exposed the conspiracy which they and the Jews had formed against him; and as the blessed David was proved to be persecuted unjustly when the persecutor confessed, ‘I have sinned, my son David
26:23
St Ambrose of Milan † AD 397 On the Duties of the Clergy 3.5
… Next, he showed them where the king’s spear and cruse were which had stood at his head. And when the king called to him, he restored the spear, and said: “The Lord render to every man his righteousness and faithfulness, for the Lord delivered thee into my hand, but I would not avenge myself on the Lord’s anointed.”
26:9
9. FOR WHO HAS STRETCHED FORTH HIS HAND AGAINST THE ANOINTED OF THE LORD (against Saul, because he was anointed by God through Samuel as king), AND SHALL BE INNOCENT? — David abhorred this slaughter, because it seemed to him unseemly and unworthy to kill his king constituted and anointed by God: he therefore held it a matter of religion not to harm Saul, lest he seem to harm God in him: thus pious minds, and as St. Bernard says, recognize guilt where there is no guilt, and shudder at its shadow. Morally, learn here from David how much we ought to revere even wicked prelates, and even wicked princes and those opposed to us, as anointed ones of the Lord, nor harm them by word, much less by blow. Again, how greatly God exercises those whom he prepares for great things, so that they may rule others, by adversities and persecutions. Thus indeed through Saul he exercised David, so that he might sharpen his virtue and make him worthy: wherefore these persecutions of Saul were nothing else to David than exercises, preparations and dispositions for the kingdom, and Saul himself acknowledged this, saying verse 25: "Doing you shall do, and prevailing you shall prevail." In a similar manner Princes, Bishops, Rectors are accustomed to exercise subjects whom they prepare for rule by various and grave commands, burdens, rebukes, mortifications, so that they may test, increase and perfect their virtue, and so that they themselves may learn in ruling to have compassion on subjects. For no one rules rightly unless he has obeyed rightly.
26:11
11. THE LORD BE MERCIFUL TO ME, THAT I STRETCH NOT FORTH MY HAND AGAINST THE ANOINTED OF THE LORD. — As if to say: I pray God that he give me grace and constancy, lest, overcome by the persecutions of Saul, I should ever wish to kill him. Whence in Hebrew it is, let the Lord forbid that I stretch forth, etc.; the Chaldean, it is unlawful for me before the Lord, etc. It is a prayer, and as some wish, at the same time an oath, by which David swears that he will not kill Saul, so that by it he may confirm himself in this good purpose, and so that he may turn away Abishai and others wishing to kill Saul entirely from his slaughter.
26:12
12. BECAUSE A DEEP SLEEP FROM THE LORD HAD FALLEN UPON THEM. — "Sleep from the Lord," that is a deep and heavy sleep sent by the Lord. For naturally it could scarcely happen that in camps so numerous all, even the sentries, would sleep. God therefore was he who sent sleep upon all for the sake of David. A similar sleep God sent upon Adam, when from his sleeping side he took a rib, and from it formed Eve, Genesis II. See here, marvel at and revere the providence of God, by which David and his men are protected against so many thousands of enemies.
A Cup of Water AND A CUP OF WATER. — Castalio and the Calvinists wrongly translate it as a chamber pot. You will ask, what was this cup of water? First, Serarius thinks it was an hourly water clock, to indicate the watches of Saul's night. Second, the Author of Antiquities of Banquets, book II: It is likely, he says, that the drink of the Jews in military service was water, not wine. Third, more clearly Josephus: This cup of water, he says, was for washing; for in the morning and from time to time during the day we are accustomed to wash our hands and face with water. Allegorically Eucherius: "David comes, that is, Christ, to the Jews his enemies sleeping in their infidelity; he does not kill them, but takes from them a cup of water, that is, the grace of the law, and he takes also the royal scepter, namely the power of the kingdom, which they held as a great thing, and by which they protected themselves temporally, and which they bore against God through unbelief. Then our victor David, returning from their camp, ascended to the height of the mountain of the heavens."
26:16
16. SONS OF DEATH ARE YOU, WHO HAVE NOT KEPT YOUR LORD. — These guards sleeping were excusable and without fault, because it was not in their power and liberty to keep watch. For God, sending sleep upon them, compelled them to sleep, as was said in verse 12. But David calls them sons, that is, guilty ones, of death, because this act of sleeping, considered in itself, was damnable and worthy of death.
26:19
19. IF THE LORD INCITES YOU AGAINST ME, LET THE SACRIFICE BE SMELLED — that is, I am ready to be slain and offered to God as a victim, which may please him like the odor of the sweetness of a sacrifice. He speaks anthropopathically. For God, since he does not have a body and nostrils, does not properly smell the odor of a sacrifice, but is said to smell it metaphorically. BUT IF THE SONS OF MEN (incite you against me), THEY ARE CURSED IN THE SIGHT OF THE LORD (as those who unjustly persecute me, innocent and anointed by God as king), SAYING: GO, SERVE OTHER GODS. — "Saying," not in words but in deeds, say Theodoret and Procopius; for by driving David from Judaea, they compelled him to flee to the Philistines and other nations from which David was solicited to worship their gods and idols.
26:20
20. AND NOW LET NOT MY BLOOD BE SHED — as if to say: Since you have no just cause to persecute me, but only the sons of men, malevolent and malicious toward me, incite you against me; therefore I beseech you not to shed my innocent blood. AS A PARTRIDGE IS HUNTED. — "Is hunted," passively, that is, suffers persecution. For David compares himself to a flea and a partridge, which is sought by the hunter unto death.
26:21
21. AND I HAVE BEEN IGNORANT OF MANY THINGS — that is, I have not thought of your innocence and benevolence toward me.
26:24
24. AND AS YOUR SOUL HAS BEEN MAGNIFIED THIS DAY IN MY EYES (as if to say: As your life was greatly esteemed by me, so that I was unwilling to touch and harm it, when I had it in my hand and power): SO LET MY SOUL BE MAGNIFIED IN THE EYES OF THE LORD (that God may repay this mercy of mine with a fitting reward and retaliation, so that he may keep my life unharmed against your snares and those of yours and of other enemies; thus let him show that he greatly esteems and magnifies it), AND DELIVER ME FROM ALL DISTRESS.
26:25
25. DOING YOU SHALL DO, AND MIGHTY YOU SHALL BE MIGHTY — as if to say: You shall do illustrious deeds and perform illustrious things, and you shall become very mighty, especially when you succeed me in the kingdom. Whence the Chaldean translates, reigning you shall reign, and prospering you shall prosper; the Zurich Bible, you shall do and shall altogether accomplish; Vatablus, being strong you shall be strong, that is, you shall abound in great strength.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
26:6
… A faithful collaborator of his uncle, he accompanied him by night into the tent of the enemy Saul (I Sam. 26:6-9), preserved him from the deadly blow of the heavy spear of the Philistine Ishbi-benob (II Sam. 21:15-17), and followed him in his flight from Jerusalem after Absalom's coup. …
26:16
… 17, 5). In the Old Testament the abstract meaning prevails, especially in expressions in which it is a genitive of qualification or destination: "son of b." (cf. "son of iniquity": II Sam. 3, 34; 7, 10; Ps. 88, 23; "son of death": I Sam. 20, 31; 26, 16; II Sam. 12, 5); Deut. 13, 13 (Heb. 14); Iudc. 19, 22; 20, 13; I Sam. 1, 16; 2, 12; 10, 27; 25, 17; I Reg. 21, 10, 13; II Par. 13, 7, and "man of b." ('īl b. or hab-b. …
26:19
appears distinct, to the "evil spirit" (opposed to the "spirit of Yahweh" which abandons Saul when the latter breaks [with him]: 1 Sam. 16:14-16; 18:10-12; 19:9; 26:19; 28:15-16), referred to divine causality by virtue of an absolute theocentrism; the "evil spirit" works as a spirit of discord (Judg. 9:23), is a "lying spirit" that impels one to …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.