The reign of Asa: his victory over the Ethiopians.
Abias dieth, and his sonne Asa reigneth, destroyeth idolataie, 6. for •i••eth his cities, 9. and ouercometh, by Gods special helpe, the Aethtopians armie of a million of men.
1And Abia slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa his son reigned in his stead: in his days the land was quiet ten years.E Abia si addormentò co' padri suoi, e lo seppellirono nella città di David: e gli succedette nel regno Asa suo figliuolo, a tempo del quale il paese fu in pace per dieci anni.AND Abias slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the Citie of Dauid: and Asa his sonne reigned for him, in whose daies the land was quiet tenne yeares.Dormivit autem Abia cum patribus suis, et sepelierunt eum in civitate David: regnavitque Asa filius ejus pro eo, in cujus diebus quievit terra annis decem. 2And Asa did that which was good and pleasing in the sight of his God, and he destroyed the altars of foreign worship, and the high places.Asa fece quel, che era ben fatto, e accetto negli occhi del suo Dio; e atterrò gli altari di culto straniero, e i luoghi eccelsi.And Asa did that which was good and pleasing in the sight of his God, and he ouerthrew the altars of strange seruice, and the excelses,Fecit autem Asa quod bonum et placitum erat in conspectu Dei sui, et subvertit altaria peregrini cultus, et excelsa. 3And broke the statues, and cut down the groves.E fece in pezzi le statue, e abbattè i boschetti:and brake the statues, and cut downe the groues.Et confregit statuas, lucosque succidit: 4And he commanded Juda to seek the Lord the God of their fathers, and to do the law, and all the commandments.E comandò a Giuda, che cercassero il Signore Dio de' padri loro, e osservassero la legge, e tutti quanti i comandamenti:And he commanded Iuda that they should seeke our Lord the God of their fathers, and should doe the law, and al the commandementes.et præcepit Judæ ut quæreret Dominum Deum patrum suorum, et faceret legem, et universa mandata: 5And he took away out of all the cities of Juda the altars, and temples, and reigned in peace.E da tutte le città di Giuda tolse via gli altari, e i templi, e regnò in pace.And he tooke away out of al the cities of Iuda the altars, and temples, & reigned in peace.et abstulit de cunctis urbibus Juda aras et fana, et regnavit in pace. 6He built also strong cities in Juda, for he was quiet, and there had no wars risen in his time, the Lord giving peace.E ristaurò le città forti di Giuda, perchè egli avea quiete, e non fu mossa veruna guerra a suo tempo, concedendo il Signore la pace.He built also fensed cities in Iuda, because he was quiet, and there had no battels risen in his time, our Lord geuing peace.Ædificavit quoque urbes munitas in Juda, quia quietus erat, et nulla temporibus ejus bella surrexerant, pacem Domino largiente.
7And he said to Juda: Let us build these cities, and compass them with walls, and fortify them with towers, and gates, and bars, while all is quiet from wars, because we have sought the Lord the God of our fathers, and he hath given us peace round about. So they built, and there was no hinderance in building.Ed ei disse a Giuda: Ristauriamo queste città, e circondiamole di mura, e afforziamole di torrazzi colle lor porte, e sbarre, ora che d'ogni parte respiro abbiam dalle guerre, perchè abbiam cercato il Signore Dio de' padri nostri, ed egli ci ha data la pace all'intorno. Si miser dunque a fabbricare, né vi fu cosa, che impedisse il lavoro.And he sayd to Iuda: Let vs build these cities, and compasse them with walles, and strengthen them with towers, and gates, and lockes, whiles thinges are quiet from battels, because we haue sought out Lord the God of our fathers, and he hath geuen vs peace round about. They therfore did build, and there was no impediment in building.Dixit autem Judæ: Ædificemus civitates istas, et vallemus muris, et roboremus turribus, et portis, et seris, donec a bellis quieta sunt omnia, eo quod quæsierimus Dominum Deum patrum nostrorum, et dederit nobis pacem per gyrum. Ædificaverunt igitur, et nullum in exstruendo impedimentum fuit. 8And Asa had in his army of men that bore shields and spears of Juda three hundred thousand, and of Benjamin that bore shields and drew bows, two hundred and eighty thousand, all these were most valiant men.Or Asa avea nel suo esercito di que', che portavano scudo, e picca, trecento mila uomini di Giuda; di Benjamin dugento ottanta mila armati di scudo, e arcieri, e tutta gente fioritissima.And Asa had in his armie of them that caried shieldes and speares, of Iuda three hundred thousand: and of Beniamin shieldbearers and archers, two hundred eightie thousand, al these were most valiant men.Habuit autem Asa in exercitu suo portantium scuta et hastas de Juda trecenta millia, de Benjamin vero scutariorum et sagittariorum ducenta octoginta millia: omnes isti viri fortissimi. 9And Zara the Ethiopian came out against them with his army of ten hundred thousand men, and with three hundred chariots: and he came as far as Maresa.E si mosse contro di loro Zara re di Etiopia col suo esercito di un milione d'uomini, e trecento cocchi: e si avanzò fino a Maresa:And Zara the Ethiopian with his armie islued forth agaynst them, tenne hundred thousand, and with three hundred chariotes: and he came as far as Maresa.Egressus est autem contra eos Zara Æthiops cum exercitu suo, decies centena millia, et curribus trecentis: et venit usque Maresa. 10And Asa went out to meet him, and set his army in array for battle in the vale of Sephata, which is near Maresa:E Asa gli andò incontro, e mise l'esercito in ordine di battaglia nella valle di Sephata, che è presso a Maresa:Moreouer Asa went on to meete him, and set his armie in aray to battel in the vale Sephata, which is neere Maresa.Porro Asa perrexit obviam ei, et instruxit aciem ad bellum in valle Sephata, quæ est juxta Maresa:
11And he called upon the Lord God, and said: Lord, there is no difference with thee, whether thou help with few, or with many: help us, O Lord our God: for with confidence in thee, and in thy name we are come against this multitude. O Lord thou art our God, let not man prevail against thee.E invocò il Signore Dio, e disse: Signore, non havvi divario alcuno per te tral dar soccorso col piccol numero, e 'l darlo col numero grande: aiutaci, o Signore Dio nostro: perocché in te, e nel nome tuo avendo fidanza ci siamo mossi contro questa gran turba. Signore, nostro Dio se' tu; non la vinca un uomo appetto a teAnd he inuocated our Lord God, and sayd: Lord there is no difference with thee, whether thou helpe in few, or in manie: helpe vs ô Lord our God: for hauing confidence in thee, and in thy name we are come agaynst this multitude. Lord, thou art our God, let not man preuaile agaynst thee.et invocavit Dominum Deum, et ait: Domine, non est apud te ulla distantia, utrum in paucis auxilieris, an in pluribus. Adjuva nos, Domine Deus noster: in te enim, et in tuo nomine habentes fiduciam, venimus contra hanc multitudinem. Domine, Deus noster tu es: non prævaleat contra te homo. 12And the Lord terrified the Ethiopians before Asa and Juda: and the Ethiopians fled.Il Signore pertanto atterrì gli Etiopi in faccia ad Asa, e a Giuda: e gli Etiopi si diedero alla fuga.Our Lord therfore terrified the Aethiopians before Asa and Iuda: and the Aethiopians fled.Exterruit itaque Dominus Æthiopes coram Asa et Juda: fugeruntque Æthiopes. 13And Asa and the people that were with him pursued them to Gerara: and the Ethiopians fell even to utter destruction, for the Lord slew them, and his army fought against them, and they were destroyed. And they took abundance of spoils,E Asa, e le sue genti gl'inseguirono sino a Gerara: e gli Etiopi furon messi in rotta, e sterminati, perchè dal Signore, che li percoteva, furon disfatti, e dall'esercito di lui, che pugnava. Fu adunque fatto un gran bottino.And Asa pursewed them, and the people that was with him, vnto Gerara: and the Aethiopians fel to vtter destruction, because our Lord killing them, and his armie fighting they were destroyed. They tooke therfore manie spoiles,Et persecutus est eos Asa, et populus qui cum eo erat, usque Gerara: et ruerunt Æthiopes usque ad internecionem, quia Domino cædente contriti sunt, et exercitu illius præliante. Tulerunt ergo spolia multa, 14And they took all the cities round about Gerara: for a great fear was come upon all men: and they pillaged the cities, and carried off much booty.E furono prese per forza tutte le città intorno a Gerara: perocché era entrato in tutti grande sbigottimento: e le città furono saccheggiate, e ne riportarono molta preda.and they stroke al the cities round about Gerara: for great terrour had inuaded al men: and they spoyled the cities, and caried away much praye.et percusserunt civitates omnes per circuitum Geraræ: grandis quippe cunctos terror invaserat: et diripuerunt urbes, et multam prædam asportaverunt.
15And they destroyed the sheepcotes, and took an infinite number of cattle, and of camels: and returned to Jerusalem.E distrutte eziandio le capanne delle pecore, menaron via un infinito numero di bestiame minuto, e di cammelli. E se ne tornarono a Gerusalemme.Yea and destroying the sheepecotes of sheepe, they tooke an infinite multitude of cattel, and of camels: and returned into Ierusalem.Sed et caulas ovium destruentes, tulerunt pecorum infinitam multitudinem, et camelorum: reversique sunt in Jerusalem.
14:1
Year of the World 3049, Year before Christ 955.; 3 Kings xv.
Year of the World 3063, Year before Christ 941.
Calmet
Years, dating from the fifth; as in the fifteenth year of his reign, Asa offered many victims, which had been taken from the enemy, 2 Paralipomenon 15:10. (Calmet)
14:2
God, with respect to the external worship of the true God, (Haydock) though he had some faults, 3 Kings 15:14.
Salien
Places, while he tolerated those which were intended for the service of the Lord, (Calmet) though illegally; and he even left the buildings erected by Solomon standing, (4 Kings 23:13.; Tirinus) thinking they might be no longer dangerous. (Salien)
Tirinus
Several other pious kings did the like, for which they deserved some reprehension; as they could not be ignorant, that this was considered as wrong by the more enlightened, Ecclesiasticus 49:5. (Tirinus)
Worthington
It was the king's duty to destroy the exterior practices of idolatry, while the priests and prophets were to instruct. (Worthington)
14:5
Calmet
Altars. Hebrew, "high places, and the Chamanim," or temples of the sun, Leviticus 26:30. (Calmet)
Haydock
Protestants, "images." (Haydock)
Calmet
Asa was encouraged to perfect the work which he had begun, by the exhortation of Azarias, 2 Paralipomenon 15:8. (Calmet)
14:6
Tirinus
Time, as yet. (Tirinus)
Haydock
Admirable lesson for all to prepare for war in time of quiet! (Haydock)
14:9
Seder. xvi
Ethiopian. Some think Zara was a successor of Sesac; and the Rabbins say, that he "restored the spoils which the latter had taken." (Seder. xvi.)
Tirinus
He at least, made the Jews some compensation for that loss. Perhaps he had been present in the expedition of Sesac, and was now animated with the same ambition. (Tirinus)
Haydock
It would be difficult for a foreign king to traverse Egypt with so large an army, (Calmet) unless he had conquered or intimidated the king of the country. (Haydock)
Torniel
Hence some believe that the Ethiopia here in question, was a part of Arabia. (Calmet) (Torniel.)
Tirinus
But it is more probable that it lay south of Egypt, as the troops of Zara are joined with the Lybians, 2 Paralipomenon 16:8. (Salien, the year of the world 3094.) (Tirinus)
Calmet
A king of Arabia would hardly have had so many subjects. (Calmet)
Calmet
Three. Some would read thirteen, as Anani takes notice of the great number of chariots, 2 Paralipomenon 16:8. (Junius) (Malvenda) (Calmet)
Haydock
But surely the number here specified is sufficient. The minds of men are very different. In the former chapter we find them complaining of the too great numbers! (Haydock)
14:10
Menochius
Meet him, fearing lest he should lay waste his dominions, as Sesac had done. (Menochius)
Menochius
Sephata, or Sephala, a great valley to the west of Maresa, (Calmet) which is a city of Juda. (Menochius)
Haydock
Septuagint have, "in the vale north of Maresa." (Haydock)
14:11
Calmet
Help. Hebrew, "to help; whether with many, or with those who have no power." The same sentiment was expressed by Jonathas, 1 Kings 14:6. Those who have God with them are secure of victory. (Calmet)
If God be with us, who is against us?
14:12
Haydock
Terrified. Hebrew and Septuagint, "struck," as he had done Jeroboam, 2 Paralipomenon 13:15. (Haydock)
14:13
Calmet
Gerara was on the southern borders, twenty-three miles from Maresa. (Eusebius) (Calmet)
Tirinus
The Ethiopians were pursued perhaps for many days. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Destruction. Protestants, "that they could not recover themselves." Hebrew, "there was no quarter given;" or, "so that none were left alive." (Calmet)
Haydock
If this were the case, the number of the slain far exceeded that the Jeroboam's army, 2 Paralipomenon 13. (Haydock)
14:14
Gerara. The adjacent territory is now uncultivated, Josue 13:3.
Haydock
Great. Hebrew, "a fear of the Lord;" (ver. 12) an extraordinary (Calmet) panic. (Haydock)
Calmet
The Philistines had assisted the enemy, and therefore their cities were invaded; (Menochius) or these belonged to Zara. (Calmet)
14:15
Calmet
Destroyed. Hebrew, "smote also the tents of cattle." Septuagint, "they cut in pieces the tents of cattle, the Amazons;" or, according to the Vatican copy, (Haydock) "the Alimazonians," as they seem to have read aeli manim, which may be well rendered, "the tents of the Mineans," a people of Arabia, 2 Paralipomenon 20:1., and 26:7., and Judges 10:11. (Calmet)
Haydock
If these nations came to punish Asa, for banishing their foreign worship, (ver. 12) as the Sieur de Folard thinks the sacred penman insinuates, (ver. 5) we need not wonder that they met with such ill success, and that not one of them was spared, as God avenged his own cause, ver. 12, 13. (Haydock)
De Folard
We read of no cavalry here, though it is mentioned, 2 Paralipomenon 16:8. It seems not to have been considerable, as the people of Asia, the Greeks and Romans, trusted more to their infantry; and, in effect, no species of warfare is more costly to a state, nor less useful, than a multitude of horses, which were introduced in barbarous times. (De Folard)
14:2
It perteyned properly to the king to destroy the exterior practise of idolatrie, but to the Priestes, & prophetes to informe the interior mind, & consciences of euerie one.
14:2
2. KING ASA OVERTHREW THE ALTARS OF STRANGE WORSHIP (which the gentiles worshipped for their gods and idols) AND THE HIGH PLACES. — You will say: In III Kings xv, 14, it is said of Asa: "He took not away the high places." I answer that the high places were some dedicated to idols, some to the true God: those Asa removed, these he did not. Again, the high places, namely the altars, images and groves of idols, Asa removed, but not all the temples dedicated to them by Solomon; for these were later removed by Josias, IV Kings cap. XXIII, vers. 13.
14:5
5. AND HE TOOK AWAY, etc., THE SHRINES, — namely of Baal, Astaroth, and of the other gods. In Hebrew it is Chammanim or Hammonim, which properly signifies sun-altars, that is, shrines or altars of the Sun, or of Ammon. For hence the Punic name Ammon, or Jupiter Ammonius, that is, the Sun, is derived from the Hebrew חמה chamma or hamma, that is, the Sun, so called from heat: for Chanam signifies to heat. See the remarks on Ezech. vi, 6.
14:9
9. AND ZARA THE ETHIOPIAN CAME OUT AGAINST THEM (in the fifteenth year of Asa's reign, as is gathered from the following cap., vers. 10; thus Salianus) WITH HIS ARMY (containing) A THOUSAND THOUSAND. — "The Ethiopian." Torniellus and others, according to Genebrardus, understand by Ethiopia here Madianitis, from which the wife of Moses is called "the Ethiopian," Num. XII. Their reason is that the Ethiopians properly so called are far distant from Judea. But Serarius, Sanchez, Salianus and others more rightly understand true Ethiopia, which is under Egypt. For this is adjacent to Egypt, and therefore near to Judea: and perhaps Zara was king both of Egypt and of Ethiopia; and this is proved first, because in cap. xvi, vers. 8, these same are called Ethiopians and Libyans: they were therefore truly Ethiopians, who are in Africa and Libya, not Midianites, who are in Asia. Secondly, because by this battle Asa recovered from the enemy all the spoils which Sesac, king of Egypt, had taken from Judea twenty-six years before under Roboam. Therefore these enemies were Egyptians, and the Ethiopians neighboring them. Whence the Septuagint at the end of cap. xiv calls them Alimazones, or as others wish, Amazones, whom Theodoretus here teaches to be from Libya, lib. III.
14:13
13. AND THE ETHIOPIANS FELL UNTIL THEY WERE UTTERLY DESTROYED, BECAUSE THE LORD SMOTE THEM, AND HIS ARMY (of Asa the king, or of God, namely of the Angels, his army) FOUGHT, — for Asa and Juda invoking God and the holy Angels.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
14:1
… I Kings 15, 8-24, II Chron. 14, 1-16, 14 describe in greater detail the vicissitudes of the long reign, insisting on the partial religious defection of A., in conformity with the pedagogical-religious purpose of the work.
14:2
… Their relation to the deity is not clear: whether it is a dwelling or a symbol of it. The Law therefore prohibited them (Lev. 26, 1; Deut. 16, 22). They are nevertheless found in the bānāth or sanctuaries in honor of Yahweh (I Kings 14, 23; II Kings 17, 10; 18, 4; 23, 14; II Chron. 14, 2; 31, 1; Hos. 3, 4; 10, 1 f.; Mic. 5, 12); and also in honor of Baal (II Kings 3, 2; 10, 26 f.). In Is. 6, 13 the m. is a tree trunk, deprived of its branches. …
… It is enough to compare the parallel texts of P. with Samuel and Kings (for example, I Kings 15, 14; 22, 44 with II Chron. 14, 2-5; 17, 6; I Kings 22, 49 with II Chron. 20, 36 etc.). …
14:4
Bamah (Heb. "height"; plural Bāmāth)
The Bible mentions the 'Āšērāh, pl. 'Āšērīm (Deut. 12:4; 7:5, etc.), the hammānīm (Lev. 26:30; II Par. 14:4) (v. Baal), tents (Ez. 16:16, 18), altars erected on high hills and mountain peaks, under leafy trees, where incense was burned to idols and food offerings were made (Os. 4:13; …
… Distinct from the m. are the solar stelae in honor of Baal: hammānim (Lev. 26, 30; Is. 17, 8; 27, 9; Ez. 6, 4, 6; II Chron. 14, 4; 34, 4, 7), placed above the altar.
14:9
… stele on the facade of the pylon of the great temple of Amun at Karnak preserves the names of the cities conquered during this campaign of Shoshenq I. The Bible speaks of a defeat that Asa, king of Judah (913-837), inflicted on the Ethiopian king Zerah (II Chron. 14:9-12), who could be Osorkon I (925-889) of the XXII dynasty. …
Gerar (Hebrew Gerar, Septuagint Germar)
… It is remembered in the Bible for the sojourn of the patriarchs Abraham (Gen. 20:1-18) and Isaac (Gen. 26:1-26) and for the defeat suffered by the Bedouin invaders who, having reached as far as Mareshah, were repelled by King Asa (ca. 900) and pursued as far as G. (II Chron. 14:9).
1. A "Cushite" king, who invaded Palestine at the time of King Asa (v.), suffering a grave defeat near Mareshah (II Chron. 14, 9-15).
14:11
2. Artist of Tyre (Heb. Hīrām; Hīrām in I Kings 7:40; Hīrām in II Chron. 14:11; Hīrām-'abhi in II Chron. 2:12; Hīrām-'abhiw in II Chron. 4:16), son of a Phoenician father and an Israelite mother, sent by H. the king to Solomon for the manufacture of the …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.