Amnon rauisheth Thamar. 20. For which Absalom killeth him. 37. and flyeth into Gessur.
1And it came to pass after this that Amnon the son of David loved the sister of Absalom the son of David, who was very beautiful, and her name was Thamar.Dopo di ciò egli avvenne che Ammon figliuolo di Davidde s'innamorò di una sorella di Assalonne figliuolo anch'esso di David, chiamata Thamar, che era molto bella,AND it came to passe after these thinges, that Amnon the sonne of Dauid loued the sister of Absalom the sonne of Dauid, being very beautiful, called Thamar,Factum est autem post hæc ut Absalom filii David sororem speciosissimam, vocabulo Thamar, adamaret Amnon filius David, 2And he was exceedingly fond of her, so that he fell sick for the love of her: for as she was a virgin, he thought it hard to do any thing dishonestly with her.E concepì tanta passione, che per troppo amore cadde ammalato: perchè essendo ella fanciulla, gli parve difficile di poter far male con lei.and was fond on her excedingly, so that for the loue of her he was sicke: because wheras she was a virgin, it semed vnto him had hard to doe any thing vnhonestly with her.et deperiret eam valde, ita ut propter amorem ejus ægrotaret: quia cum esset virgo, difficile ei videbatur ut quippiam inhoneste ageret cum ea. 3Now Amnon had a friend, named Jonadab the son of Semmaa the brother of David, a very wise man:Or Ammon avea un amico, uomo molto sagace, per nome Gionadab, che era figliuolo di Semmaa fratello di Davidde.But Amnon a freind, named Ionadab the sonne of Semmaa Dauids brother, a very wise man:Erat autem Amnon amicus nomine Jonadab, filius Semmaa fratris David, vir prudens valde. 4And he said to him: Why dost thou grow so lean from day to day, O son of the king? why dost thou not tell me the reason of it? And Amnon said to him: I am in love with Thamar the sister of my brother Absalom.E questi gli disse: Perchè ti vai tu struggendo ogni dì più, tu figliuolo del re? perchè non ti apri con me? E Ammon gli disse: Sono innamorato di Thamar sorella di mio fratello Assalonne.Who sayd to him: Why art thou so worne away with leanenes the kinges sonne, day by day? Why doest thou not tel me? And Amnon sayd to him: I loue Thamar the sister of my brother Absalom.Qui dixit ad eum: Quare sic attenuaris macie, fili regis, per singulos dies ? cur non indicas mihi ? Dixitque ei Amnon: Thamar sororem fratris mei Absalom amo. 5And Jonadab said to him: Lie down upon thy bed, and feign thyself sick: and when thy father shall come to visit thee, say to him: Let my sister Thamar, I pray thee, come to me, to give me to eat, and to make me a mess, that I may eat it at her hand.Rispose a lui Gionadab: Mettiti a letto, e fingi qualche malattia: e quando venga il padre tuo a vederti di' a lui: Venga, ti prego, da me la mia sorella Thamar, e mi dia da mangiare e mi faccia colle sue mani un manicaretto, onde io mi ristori.To whom Ionadab answered: Lye vpon thy bed, and fayne sickenes: and when thy father shal come to visite thee, say to him: Let my sister Thamar, I pray, come to me, to geue me meate, and to make me broth, that I may eate of her hand.Cui respondit Jonadab: Cuba super lectum tuum, et languorem simula: cumque venerit pater tuus ut visitet te, dic ei: Veniat, oro, Thamar soror mea, ut det mihi cibum, et faciat pulmentum, ut comedam de manu ejus.
6So Amnon lay down, and made as if he were sick: and when the king came to visit him, Amnon said to the king: I pray thee let my sister Thamar come, and make in my sight two little messes, that I may eat at her hand.Ammon adunque si mise a letto, e cominciò a fare il malato: ed essendo andato il re a vederlo, disse Ammon al re. Venga, ti prego, a vedermi la mia sorella Thamar, affinchè faccia in mia presenza due cordiali, e dalle mani di lei io prenda mia refezione.Amnon therefore lay downe, and began as it were to be sicke: and when the king came to visite him, Amnon sayd to the king: Let Thamar my sister come, I besech you, that she may make in my sight two litle suppinges, and I may take meate of her hand.Accubuit itaque Amnon, et quasi ægrotare cœpit: cumque venisset rex ad visitandum eum, ait Amnon ad regem: Veniat, obsecro, Thamar soror mea, ut faciat in oculis meis duas sorbitiunculas, et cibum capiam de manu ejus. 7Then David sent home to Thamar, saying: Come to the house of thy brother Amnon, and make him a mess.Davidde adunque mandò a dire a Thamar: Va a casa di Ammon tuo fratello, e fagli qualche cosa da mangiare.Dauid therfore sent home to Thamar, saying: Come into the house of Amnon thy brother, & make him broth.Misit ergo David ad Thamar domum, dicens: Veni in domum Amnon fratris tui, et fac ei pulmentum. 8And Thamar came to the house of Amnon her brother: but he was laid down: and she took meal and tempered it: and dissolving it in his sight she made little messes.E Thamar entrò nella camera di Ammon suo fratello che giaceva in letto: ed ella avendo preso della farina, e stemperatala con acqua in sua presenza fece cuocere i cordiali.And Thamar came into the house of Amnon her brother: and he lay, who taking meale tempered it: and resoluing it in his sight she made suppinges.Venitque Thamar in domum Amnon fratris sui: ille autem jacebat. Quæ tollens farinam commiscuit, et liquefaciens, in oculis ejus coxit sorbitiunculas. 9And taking what she had boiled, she poured it out, and set it before him, but he would not eat: and Amnon said: Put out all persons from me. And when they had put all persons out,E dopo avergli fatti cuocere, li prese, e gli mise in un vaso, e li pose dinanzi a lui, il quale non volle mangiare: ma disse Ammon: Si mandi via tutta la gente: E quando tutti si furono ritirati,And taking that which she had boyled, she powred it out, and set it before him, and he would nor eate: and Amnon sayd: Put forth al from me. And when they had put forth al,Tollensque quod coxerat, effudit, et posuit coram eo, et noluit comedere: dixitque Amnon: Ejicite universos a me. Cumque ejecissent omnes, 10Amnon said to Thamar: Bring the mess into the chamber, that I may eat at thy hand. And Thamar took the little messes which she had made, and brought them in to her brother Amnon in the chamber.Disse Ammon a Thamar: porta il cibo nella mia camera, affinchè io lo riceva dalla tua mano. Thamar allora portò i cordiali, che avea fatti, e li presentò al fratello Ammon nella camera.Amnon sayd to Thamar: Bring in the meate into the parler, that I may eate of thy hand. Thamar therfore tooke the suppinges, which she had made, and caryed it in to Amnon her brother in the parler.dixit Amnon ad Thamar: Infer cibum in conclave, ut vescar de manu tua. Tulit ergo Thamar sorbitiunculas quas fecerat, et intulit ad Amnon fratrem suum in conclave.
11And when she had presented him the meat, he took hold of her, and said: Come lie with me, my sister.Ma quand'ella gli ebbe presentato il cibo egli la prese, e disse: Vieni, sorella mia nel letto con me.And when she had offered him the meate, he caught her, and sayd: Come, lie with me my sister.Cumque obtulisset ei cibum, apprehendit eam, et ait: Veni, cuba mecum, soror mea. 12She answered him: Do not so, my brother, do not force me: for no such thing must be done in Israel. Do not thou this folly.Ma ella risposegli: Non fare, fratel mio non farmi violenza; perocché simil cosa non è permessa in Israele non fare questa pazzia.Who answered him: Doe not so my brother, doe not rauish me: for this is not lawful in Israel. Doe not this folie.Quæ respondit ei: Noli frater mi, noli opprimere me: neque enim hoc fas est in Israël: noli facere stultitiam hanc. 13For I shall not be able to bear my shame, and thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel: but rather speak to the king, and he will not deny me to thee.Perocché io non potrò soffrire il mio obbrobrio, e tu sarai come un insensato in Israele: ma parla piuttosto al re, ed egli non mi negherà a te.For I shal not be able to beare my reproch, and thou shalt be as one of the foolish in Israel: but rather speake to the king, and he wil not denie me to thee.Ego enim ferre non potero opprobrium meum, et tu eris quasi unus de insipientibus in Israël: quin potius loquere ad regem, et non negabit me tibi. 14But he would not hearken to her prayers, but being stronger overpowered her and lay with her.Quegli però non volle piegarsi alle sue preghiere: ma come più forte le fe' violenza, e la disonorò.But he would not rest at her petitions, but preuayling by force raui hed her, and lay with her.Noluit autem acquiescere precibus ejus, sed prævalens viribus oppressit eam, et cubavit cum ea. 15Then Amnon hated her with an exceeding great hatred: so that the hatred wherewith he hated her was greater than the love with which he had loved her before. And Amnon said to her: Arise, and get thee gone.E Ammon concepì avversione somma verso di lei, talmente che maggiore fu l'odio che le portava, che l'amore che avea prima avuto per essa: onde le disse: Levati e vattene.And Amnon hated her with exceding great hatred: so that the hatred was greater, wherewith he hated her, then the loue with the which before he loued her. And Amnon said to her: Arise; and goe.Et exosam eam habuit Amnon odio magno nimis: ita ut majus esset odium quo oderat eam, amore quo ante dilexerat. Dixitque ei Amnon: Surge, et vade.
16She answered him: This evil which now thou dost against me, in driving me away, is greater than that which thou didst before. And he would not hearken to her:Ed ella rispose a lui: Più gran male è questo, che tu fai ora in discacciandomi che quello fatto prima da te. Ed ei non le diede retta.Who answered him This euil, which now thou doest against me expelling me, is greater then that which thou didst before. And he would not heare her:Quæ respondit ei: Majus est hoc malum quod nunc agis adversum me, quam quod ante fecisti, expellens me. Et noluit audire eam: 17But calling the servants that ministered to him, he said: Thrust this woman out from me: and shut the door after her.Ma chiamato un servo che lo assisteva, gli disse: Caccia via costei lungi da me e chiudile la porta dietro.but calling the seruant, that ministred to him, he said: Thrust this woman our from me: and shut the doore after her.sed vocato puero qui ministrabat ei, dixit: Ejice hanc a me foras, et claude ostium post eam. 18And she was clothed with a long robe: for the king’s daughters that were virgins, used such kind of garments. Then his servant thrust her out: and shut the door after her.Ella era vestita di una tonaca collo strascico: perocché tale era la veste delle vergini figliuole del re. Il servo adunque la spinse fuora, e le chiuse la porta dietro.Who was clothed with a garment downe to the foote: for the kinges daughters that were virgins, vsed such kinde of garmentes. His seruant therfore thrust her out: and shut the doore after her.Quæ induta erat talari tunica: hujuscemodi enim filiæ regis virgines vestibus utebantur. Ejecit itaque eam minister illius foras: clausitque fores post eam. 19And she put ashes on her head, and rent her long robe and laid her hands upon her head, and went on crying.Ma ella sparsa di cenere la sua testa, e stracciata la veste talare, e incrociate le mani sul capo se ne andava gridando.Who sprinkling ashes on her head, renting her long garment, and her handes vpon her head, went going on, and crying.Quæ aspergens cinerem capiti suo, scissa talari tunica, impositisque manibus super caput suum, ibat ingrediens, et clamans. 20And Absalom her brother said to her: Hath thy brother Amnon lain with thee? but now, sister, hold thy peace, he is thy brother: and afflict not thy heart for this thing. So Thamar remained pining away in the house of Absalom her brother.Ma Assalonne suo fratello le disse: Forse Ammon tuo fratello ti ha fatto violenza? ma per adesso, sorella mia, sta cheta, egli è tuo fratello: non ti affliggere per questo. Rimase adunque Thamar a struggersi in casa di Assalonne suo fratello.And Absolon her brother sayd to her: hath Amnon thy brother lyen with thee? but now sister hold thy peace, he is thy brother: neither afflict thou thy hart for this thing. Thamar therefore taryed pyning in the house of Absalom her brother.Dixit autem ei Absalom frater suus: Numquid Amnon frater tuus concubuit tecum ? sed nunc soror, tace: frater tuus est: neque affligas cor tuum pro hac re. Mansit itaque Thamar contabescens in domo Absalom fratris sui.
21And when king David heard of these things he was exceedingly grieved: and he would not afflict the spirit of his son Amnon, for he loved him, because he was his firstborn.Ed essendo state riferite al re David queste cose, se ne afflisse grandemente: ma non volle disgustare Ammon suo figliuolo, perchè lo amava come suo primogenito.And when Dauid the king had heard these wordes, he was greeued excedingly.Cum autem audisset rex David verba hæc, contristatus est valde: et noluit constristare spiritum Amnon filii sui, quoniam diligebat eum, quia primogenitus erat ei. 22But Absalom spoke not to Amnon neither good nor evil: for Absalom hated Amnon because he had ravished his sister Thamar.Or Assalonne non uscì a veruna parola con Ammon, benché Assalonne odiasse Ammon per la violenza fatta alla sua sorella Thamar.Moreouer Absalom spake not to Amnon neitheir good nor euil: for Absalom hated Amnon because he had rauished Thamar his sister.Porro non est locutus Absalom ad Amnon nec malum nec bonum: oderat enim Absalom Amnon, eo quod violasset Thamar sororem suam. 23And it came to pass after two years, that the sheep of Absalom were shorn in Baalhasor, which is near Ephraim: and Absalom invited all the king’s sons:Ma di lì a due anni avvenne che Assalonne fece tosare le sue pecore a Baal-hasor, che è vicino ad Ephraim: e Assalonne invitò tutti i figliuoli del re.And it came to passe after the space of two yeares, that the sheepe of Absalom were shorne in Baalhasor, which is beside Ephraim: and Absalom called al the kinges sonnes,Factum est autem post tempus biennii ut tonderentur oves Absalom in Baalhasor, quæ est juxta Ephraim: et vocavit Absalom omnes filios regis, 24And he came to the king, and said to him: Behold thy servant’s sheep are shorn. Let the king, I pray, with his servants come to his servant.E andò a trovar il re, e gli disse: Sappi che si tosano le pecore del tuo servo; venga, ti prego, il re co' suoi servi a casa del suo servo.and he came to the king, and said to him: Behold thy seruantes sheepe are to be shorne: Let the king, I pray, with his seruantes come to his seruant.venitque ad regem, et ait ad eum: Ecce tondentur oves servi tui: veniat, oro, rex cum servis suis ad servum suum. 25And the king said to Absalom: Nay, my son, do not ask that we should all come, and be chargeable to thee. And when he pressed him, and he would not go, he blessed him.E il re disse ad Assalonne: No, figliuol mio, non domandare che venghiamo tutti a recarti incomodo. E quegli pressandolo, e (il re) non volendo andare, gli diede la benedizione.And the king said to Absalom: Doe not so my sonne, request not that we come al, & charge thee. And when he was earnest with him. & he would not goe, he blessed him.Dixitque rex ad Absalom: Noli fili mi, noli rogare ut veniamus omnes et gravemus te. Cum autem cogeret eum, et noluisset ire, benedixit ei.
26And Absalom said: If thou wilt not come, at least let my brother Amnon, I beseech thee, come with us. And the king said to him: It is not necessary that he should go with thee.E Assalonne disse: Se non vuoi venir tu: venga con noi di grazia almeno il mio fratello Amnon. E il re dissegli: Non è necessario, che ei venga teco.And Absalom said: If thou wilt not come, at the least let Amnon my brother, I besech thee, come with vs. And the king said to him: It is not necessary that he goe with thee.Et ait Absalom: Si non vis venire, veniat, obsecro, nobiscum saltem Amnon frater meus. Dixitque ad eum rex: Non est necesse ut vadat tecum. 27But Absalom pressed him, so that he let Amnon and all the king’s sons go with him. And Absalom made a feast as it were the feast of a king.Ma Assalonne tanto importunò che il re lasciò andare con lui Amnon e tutti i suoi figliuoli. E Assalonne fece un convito come da re.Absalom therefore was earnest with him, and he let Amnon and al the kinges sonnes goe with him. And Absalom made a feast as it were the feast of a king.Coëgit itaque Absalom eum, et dimisit cum eo Amnon et universos filios regis. Feceratque Absalom convivium quasi convivium regis. 28And Absalom had commanded his servants, saying: Take notice when Amnon shall be drunk with wine, and when I shall say to you: Strike him, and kill him, fear not: for it is I that command you: take courage, and be valiant men.Or egli avea ordinato, e detto a' servi suoi: Badate, quando Amnon sarà riscaldato dal vino, e io vi darò il segno, andategli alla vita, e uccidetelo: non abbiate paura, perocché sono io che vel comando: fatevi cuore, e operate da forti.And Absalom had commanded his seruantes, saying: Marke when Amnon shal be drunke with wine, and I shal say to you: Strike him, and kil him, feare not: for it is I that command you: take courage, and play the valiant men.Præceperat autem Absalom pueris suis, dicens: Observate cum temulentus fuerit Amnon vino, et dixero vobis: Percutite eum, et interficite: nolite timere: ego enim sum qui præcipio vobis: roboramini, et estote viri fortes. 29And the servants of Absalom did to Amnon as Absalom had commanded them. And all the king’s sons arose and got up every man upon his mule, and fled.E i servi di Assalonne fecero ad Amnon come avea lor comandato Assalonne. Alzatisi tutti i figliuoli del re salirono sulle loro mule, e si fuggirono.Therefore the seruantes of Absalom did against Amnon, as Absalom had commanded them. And al the kinges sonnes rysing gatte vp euery one vpon their mules, and fled.Fecerunt ergo pueri Absalom adversum Amnon sicut præceperat eis Absalom. Surgentesque omnes filii regis ascenderunt singuli mulas suas, et fugerunt.
30And while they were yet in the way, a rumour came to David, saying: Absalom hath slain all the king’s sons, and there is not one of them left.E mentre eran tuttavia per istrada, andò alle orecchie di David la fama, che Assalonne avea uccisi tutti i figliuoli del re, e non ne era restato un solo.And when they yet went on in their way, a rumour came to Dauid, saying: Absalom hath stricken al the kinges sonnes, and there is not leift of them so much as one.Cumque adhuc pergerent in itinere, fama pervenit ad David, dicens: Percussit Absalom omnes filios regis, et non remansit ex eis saltem unus. 31Then the king rose up, and rent his garments: and fell upon the ground, and all his servants, that stood about him, rent their garments.Si alzò subito il re, e stracciò le sue vestimenta, e gettossi per terra: e tutti i suoi che erano attorno a lui, stracciarono le loro vesti.The king therfore rose vp, and rent his garmentes: and fel vpon the ground, and al his seruantes, that stood about him, rent their garmentes.Surrexit itaque rex, et scidit vestimenta sua, et cecidit super terram: et omnes servi illius qui assistebant ei, sciderunt vestimenta sua. 32But Jonadab the son of Semmaa David’s brother answering, said: Let not my lord the king think that all the king’s sons are slain: Amnon only is dead, for he was appointed by the mouth of Absalom from the day that he ravished his sister Thamar.Ma Gionadab figliuolo di Semmaa fratello di Davidde prese la parola, e disse: Non si metta in cuore il re mio signore, che sieno stati uccisi tutti i figliuoli del re: il solo Amnon è morto, ed Assalonne gliela serbava fin da quel giorno, in cui quegli fece violenza a sua sorella Thamar.But Ionadab the sonne of Semmaa Dauids brother answering, sayd: Let not my lord the king thinke, that al the kinges sonnes be slayne: Amnon only is dead, because he was put in the mouth of Absalom since the day that he rauished Thamar his sister.Respondens autem Jonadab filius Semmaa fratris David, dixit: Ne æstimet dominus meus rex quod omnes pueri filii regis occisi sint: Amnon solus mortuus est, quoniam in ore Absalom erat positus ex die qua oppressit Thamar sororem ejus. 33Now therefore let not my lord the king take this thing into his heart, saying: All the king’s sons are slain: for Amnon only is dead.Or non si metta in cuore il re mio signore tal cosa, e non dica: Sono stati uccisi tutti i figliuoli del re: perocché il solo Amnon è morto.Now therefore let not my lord the king put this word vpon his hart, saying: Al the kinges sonnes are slayne: because Amnon only is dead.Nunc ergo ne ponat dominus meus rex super cor suum verbum istud, dicens: Omnes filii regis occisi sunt: quoniam Amnon solus mortuus est.
34But Absalom fled away: and the young man that kept the watch, lifted up his eyes and looked, and behold there came much people by a by-way on the side of the mountain.Ma Assalonne prese la fuga. Or un servo, che stava alle vedette alzati li suoi occhi, mirò, e osservò come gran turba di gente se ne veniva per istrada disastrosa da un lato del monte.And Absalom fled: and the seruant that was the scoutewatch, lifted vp his eies, and looked: and behold much people came by a byway on the side of the mountayne.Fugit autem Absalom. Et elevavit puer speculator oculos suos, et aspexit: et ecce populus multus veniebat per iter devium ex latere montis. 35And Jonadab said to the king: Behold the king’s sons are come: as thy servant said, so it is.E Gionadab disse al re: Ecco i figliuoli del re che sono qua: è avvenuto come ti diceva il tuo servo.And Ionadab sayd to the king: Loe the kinges sonnes be come: according to the wordes of thy seruant so is it done.Dixit autem Jonadab ad regem: Ecce filii regis adsunt: juxta verbum servi tui, sic factum est. 36And when he made an end of speaking, the king’s sons also appeared: and coming in they lifted up their voice, and wept: and the king also and all his servants wept very much.E finito che egli ebbe di parlare, comparvero i figliuoli del re, e in entrando dettero uno strido, e piansero, e anche il re, e tutti i suoi servi piansero a caldi occhi.And when he had ceased to speake, the kinges sonnes also appeared: & entring in they lifted vp their voice, and wept: yea the king also and al his seruantes bewailed with an exceding great weeping.Cumque cessasset loqui, apparuerunt et filii regis: et intrantes levaverunt vocem suam, et fleverunt: sed et rex et omnes servi ejus fleverunt ploratu magno nimis. 37But Absalom fled, and went to Tholomai the son of Ammiud the king of Gessur. And David mourned for his son every day.Ma Assalonne se ne andò fuggendo a casa di Tholomai figliuolo di Ammiud, re di Gessur. E David pianse il figliuolo Amnon continuamente.Moreouer Absalom fleing, went to Tholomai the sonne of Ammiud the king of Gessur, Dauid therefore mourned for his sonne al daies.Porro Absalom fugiens abiit ad Tholomai filium Ammiud regem Gessur. Luxit ergo David filium suum cunctis diebus. 38And Absalom after he was fled, and come into Gessur, was there three years. And king David ceased to pursue after Absalom, because he was comforted concerning the death of Amnon.E Assalonne rifuggendosi in Gessur, vi stette tre anni.And Absalom when he was fled, and come into Gessur, was there three yeares. And king Dauid ceased to pursew Absalom, because he was comforted vpon the death of Amnon.Absalom autem cum fugisset, et venisset in Gessur, fuit ibi tribus annis.
39E il re David non cercò più di aver nelle mani Assalonne, perché si consolò della morte di Amnon.Cessavitque rex David persequi Absalom, eo quod consolatus esset super Amnon interitu.
13:1
Year of the World 2972, Year before Christ 1032.
Thamar was born of Maacha, as well as Absalom.
13:2
Haydock
Her. He had seen her on some solemn occasions, when virgins were allowed to go out, well attended. At other times they were so strictly guarded, that Amnon thought it almost impossible to gratify his passion, (Calmet) which made him grow pale. He afterwards feigned himself to be more sickly than he really was, ver. 6. (Haydock)
13:3
Challoner
A very wise man. That is, a crafty and subtle man: for the counsel he gave on this occasion shews that his wisdom was but carnal and worldly. (Challoner)
Calmet
Jonadab seems to be styled Jonathan, 2 Kings 21:21. (Calmet)
13:4
Menochius
King? to whom every indulgence must be allowed. (Menochius)
13:5
Haydock
To me. Hebrew, "and give me meat, and dress the meat in my sight, that I may see it, and eat it," etc. (Haydock)
Haydock
He pretends to be disgusted with food, (Calmet) unless he see his sister make it ready. (Haydock)
13:6
13:9
Calmet
Out. This conveys the idea of something liquid. (Calmet)
It was a thin wafer, (Haydock) or cake, of which there were different sorts.
13:10
Calmet
Chamber. Hebrew Chadera, "bed-place," (Canticle of Canticles 1:4.) where Amnon was lying. (Calmet)
13:12
Haydock
Folly, or impiety, so directly contrary to the law, 9Leviticus 18:6.; Leviticus 18:9.; Leviticus 18:11.) (Haydock)
13:13
Calmet
Thee. Was she ignorant that such marriages could not be allowed? (Calmet)
Menochius
Some think she was. (Grotius) (Menochius)
Calmet
Others believe that, in her present situation, she said what first came into her head, to get out of the hands of her brother. The Rabbins pretend that she was conceived before David married her mother, and that the latter was a pagan; so that they suppose there was no relationship between Thamar and Amnon. But this is all asserted without proof. (Calmet)
13:15
Tirinus
Before. Such changes are not unfrequent in those who give way to disorderly passions, as Aristotle (prob. iv.) proves. Semiramis slew her lovers, and among the rest her own son. (Tirinus)
Menochius
God caused Amnon to be stung with remorse, and the evil spirit pushed him on to extremities, which filled the palace with scandal and bloodshed. (Menochius)
13:16
Haydock
Greater, as being more public; (Tirinus) and all would think her guilty of some horrible misdemeanor. (Haydock)
Menochius
It made the divulging of the crime in some degree necessary. (Menochius)
Salien
Unhappy woman! why did she not cry out, at least, before the perpetration of the act, as the law directed? (Deuteronomy 22:24.) (Salien, the year of the world 3000.)
13:18
Haydock
Robe. Hebrew passim; long and variegated, like Joseph's, Genesis 37:3. The Septuagint call it, karpotos, to insinuate that it was "adorned with fruits," etc. (Haydock)
13:19
Head, as if to hide her face, Ezechiel 27:30., and Jeremias 2:37. So Mezentius: "Canitiem immundo deformat pulvere et ambas Ad Coelum tendit palmas."--
Calmet
(Virgil, Aeneid x.) See Homer, Iliad 2. (Calmet)
Menochius
Crying, that no one might think she had consented. (Menochius)
Salien
She probably went directly to her brother's house, and related the affair to him; or he met her in this condition. (Salien)
13:20
Calmet
Brother. His disgrace will fall upon the whole royal family, and the king will not bring him to punishment, like another. (Calmet)
Menochius
Away. Hebrew and Chaldean, "desolate." (Menochius)
Septuagint, "like a widow."
13:21
Calmet
And he, etc. This is not in Hebrew, etc., nor in St. Jerome's version. Josephus and some copies of the Septuagint read it. But the reason here alleged would not suffice to excuse David. (Calmet)
Sanctius
He might think that, as he had shewn such a bad example himself, he could not with a good grace punish others. (Sanctius)
Haydock
This however was requisite, as long as he was king. Whatever faults he might have fallen into, he was not on that account to suffer crimes to remain unpunished; (Haydock) and it is supposed that he testified his resentment to Amnon; (Salien, etc.) though the Scripture be silent thereon. (Haydock)
Menochius
Abulensis condemns him for too great remissness. (Menochius)
13:23
Year of the World 2974, Year before Christ 1030.
Haydock
Two. Hebrew, "full years." He waited so long, that he might put his murderous designs in execution with less suspicion. (Haydock)
Sheep. It was esteemed the best husbandry, "to have fine flocks;" bene pascere: (Cato) even for the nobility.
Calmet
Ephraim, or Ephrem; (John 11:54.) probably near Bethel. (Josephus, Jewish Wars 5:33.) (Calmet)
Haydock
Nabal had made a feast on a similar occasion, 1 Kings xxv. Absalom invites his father to avoid suspicion; (Menochius) though he would be glad at his refusing to come, unless perhaps he would not have hesitated to order his brother to be murdered in his very presence, in order to punish both. (Haydock)
13:25
Menochius
Blessed him, wishing him joy. Absalom kept a separate establishment, and had many children, 2 Kings 14:27. (Menochius)
13:26
Calmet
Amnon. He mentions him as the eldest, and that David might suppose that they were perfectly reconciled. (Calmet)
Haydock
The unhappy father seems for a long time to have expressed a reluctance and foreboding. (Haydock)
13:28
Menochius
It is I: the blame will fall on me; I will rescue all from danger. These servants were probably infidels, of Gessur, and fled with their master. (Menochius)
13:29
Aristotle
Mule. This is the first time we find these animals used to ride on. The judges had fair asses. These mules were not the offspring of horses and asses. They bear young in Syria, (Aristotle, anim. 6:24.) and are little inferior to horses in size, though they are shaped like our mules. (Aristotle, anim. xxxvi.)
13:30
Menochius
Left. Fame often magnifies. (Menochius)
Haydock
Crescit eundo. (Haydock)
13:32
Calmet
Mouth. Chaldean [and] Syriac, "heart." Aquila, "because Absalom was in wrath against him." He had resolved upon his destruction. (Calmet)
Haydock
Perhaps he had expressed his intention to some of the court; and this Jonadab (by whose means the crime had been committed, ver. 5) had heard of it. (Haydock)
13:34
Calmet
Mountain. Olivet. (Calmet)
Haydock
They had not kept the high road through fear of Absalom; (Abulensis) who, on his part, fled out of the country, as no city of refuge was able to protect wilful murderers. (Haydock)
13:37
Calmet
Tholomai, or Tholmai, (Haydock; 2 Kings 3:3.) his maternal grandfather. (Calmet)
13:38
Calmet
Ceased. We do not read that he had pursued Absalom before. (Calmet)
Haydock
Now he laid aside all thoughts of punishing him, as he began even to desire to see him again, when he reflected that Amnon had deserved death. (Haydock)
Calmet
Hebrew also, "he burnt with a secret desire to receive Absalom," 2 Kings 14:1. (Jonathan; Vatable, etc.) (Calmet)
Haydock
Protestants, "the soul of king David longed to go forth unto," etc. (Haydock)
13:3
A very wise man.... That is, a crafty and subtle man: for the counsel he gave on this occasion shews that his wisdom was but carnal and worldly.
13:1
Afraate † 346 d.C. Aphrahat: Select Demonstrations 6.3
… David was victorious in all his battles, yet through means of a daughter of Eve there was found a blemish in him. Amnon was beautiful and fair in countenance, yet (the adversary) took him captive by desire for his sister,
13:14
san Girolamo † 420 d.C. The Letters of St. Jerome 147.9
… “Thou hast sinned: hold thy peace.” Why do you flee from the face of God and dwell in the land of Nod? Why do you struggle in the waves when you can plant your feet upon the rock? See to it that Phinehas does not thrust you through with his spear while you are committing fornication with the Midianitish woman. Amnon did not spare Tamar,
sant'Agostino d'Ippona † 430 d.C. Letters of St. Augustin 78.8
… or better than the house of David, in which one son wrought folly with his sister,
13:21
sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. On the Duties of the Clergy 2.5
… “The God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob”? A wretched thing is slavery, but Joseph was not wretched; nay, clearly he was blessed, when he whilst in slavery checked the lusts of his mistress. What shall I say of holy David who bewailed the death of three sons, and, what was even worse than this, his daughter’s incestuous connection?
13:29
sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. On the Decease of His Brother Satyrus 2.25
25. Holy David lost two sons; the one incestuous,
13:1
1. FACTUM EST AUTEM, POST HAEC, UT ABSALOM FILII DAVID SOROREM SPECIOSISSIMAM, VOCABULO THAMAR, ADAMARET AMNON FILIUS DAVID. Ergo erat "Thamar" soror Amnon agnata, puta ex eodem patre Davide, sed ex alia matre; Amnon enim natus erat ex Achinoam Jezraelitide. Eadem Thamar soror erat germana Absalomi ex eodem patre Davide, et eadem matre, scilicet filia Tholomai regis Gessur; ideoque Absalom sororis suae germanae stuprum ultus est caede Amnon fratris sui. Porro Thamar Hebraice idem est quod palma: Absalom patris par; Amnon fidelis et stabilis: quare haec nomina non nisi per antiphrasin dictis personis competunt. Amnon enim fuit infidelis et instabilis: Absalom turbavit regnum Davidis, Thamar vitium passa est, quod palma invicta non patitur.
13:2
2. ITA UT PROPTER AMOREM EJUS AEGROTARET. Hic morbus amoris a medicis vocatur eros, id est amor, quo homo totus languescit, macrescit, marcescit, contabescit ex amoris vehementia. CUM ESSET VIRGO, quae domi a patre Davide in Gynaeceao, inter caeteras virgines filiasque regis magna cura et custodia servabatur.
13:13
13. LOQUERE AD REGEM, ET NON NEGABIT ME TIBI. Existimabat puella simplex et ignara legis id posse fieri; licitum enim esse conjugium inter fratrem et sororem, si illa duntaxat esset agnata ex alia scilicet matre. Sed erravit. Lex enim Levit. XVIII, expresse omne conjugium inter fratres et sorores, etiam ex altero duntaxat parente, vetat sub poena mortis.
13:14
14. OPPRESSIT EAM. Ecce stuprum Amnonis vim inferentis sorori suae. Permisit hoc Deus ad castigandum adulterium Davidis patris. Amnon enim fuit filius Davidis primogenitus, eique dilectissimus, qui patris libidinem secutus vitiavit suam sororem. Hinc discant parentes esse casti ut filios exemplo magis quam verbo doceant castitatem. Si enim sint incesti, filii eorum incesti imitabuntur.
13:15
15. ET EXOSAM EAM HABUIT AMNON ODIO MAGNO NIMIS. Naturalis ratio hujus odii, ait Cajetanus, a philosophis redditur, quod in tanto amore multa fiat effusio, quae valde alterat et immutat dispositionem et temperiem; et consequenter affectus mutat in contrarium, puta amorem in odium. Addit Abulensis ex peculiari Dei providentia et castigatione id factum esse, ut scilicet ad amorem, qui excessive irrationabilis est, excessivum odium consequatur; ut hac ratione peccanti poena congrua detur per opposita. Dei enim statutum est, ut illi qui valde inique agunt, sibi ipsis poena sint. Unde S. Augustinus in Confession.: "Jussisti, Domine, et sic est, ut poena sibi sit omnis inordinatus animus."
13:16
16. QUAE RESPONDIT EI: MAJUS EST HOC MALUM QUOD NUNC AGIS ADVERSUM ME, QUAM QUOD ANTE FECISTI, EXPELLENS ME, tum quia expulsio haec erat publica et infamis, cum violatio fuisset secreta; tum quia probrosa expulsio augebat dolorem; tum quia Thamar sperabat quod Amnon vitium sibi illatum tegeret, vel illud celando, vel se in uxorem ducendo: jam autem expulsa videbat et vitium publicari, et conjugium suum ab Amnone refutari.
13:21
21. NOLUIT CONTRISTARE SPIRITUM AMNON FILII SUI. Peccavit David non corrigendo, nec castigando Amnon filium suum de hoc tam infami stupro, praesertim cum lex id jubeat. Quare justo Dei judicio inde secuta sunt tot tantaque mala: nam Amnon occisus vitam perdidit, David pene regnum cum vita amisit, ulciscente sororis suae violationem Absalomo. Ita Abulensis, qui censet Davidem debuisse Amnonem ob stuprum morte punire, licet Cajetanus eum excuset, eo quod crimen esset occultum, nec ullo teste probari posset.
13:23
23. FACTUM EST AUTEM POST TEMPUS BIENNII. Hinc patet caedem Amnon contigisse biennio post stuprum ab eo illatum Thamar: tam cito Dei vindicta persecuta est scelestum et incestum, eumque vita et regno privavit.
13:37
37. ABSALOM FUGIENS ABIIT AD THOLOMAI FILIUM AMMIUD REGEM GESSUR. Fugit ergo ad avum suum maternum; ipse enim erat filius filiae Tholomai regis Gessur. Hic enim nepotem suum recepit, et tutatus est, eo quod ipse Thamar neptis suae stuprum ultus fuisset caede Amnon stupratoris. 38. FUIT IBI TRIBUS ANNIS. Hinc patet chronotaxis rerum tunc gestarum, quam assignavi cap. XII, vers. 25.
13:1
… Nel Lesitico si proibiscono m. fra consanguinei, ed in particolare con la propria madre o con il padre (Lev. 18, 7), con la matrigna (ibid. 18, 8; 20, 11; cf. Deut. 22, 30; 27, 20), con la sorellastra (Lev. 18, 9; 20, 17; cf. Deut. 27, 22; II Sam. 13, 1 sgg.), con la zia paterna e materna (Lev. 18, 12 sg.; 20, 19), con la nuora (ibid. 18, 15), con la cognata (ibid. 18, 16; 20, 21), con la figliastra (ibid. 18, 17), con la figlia …
2. Figlia di David dalla moglie Maacha (perché sorella di Absalom; cf. II Sam. 13,1 con 3,3), di grande bellezza, che suo malgrado ebbe parte in una fosca tragedia della famiglia reale: violentata dal fratello (di madre Achinoam: ibid. 3,2) Amnon (ibid. 13,1 sgg.), …
13:3
SEMMA (EBR. ŠAMMĀ' O ŠAMMĀH; VOLGATA SEMMA O SEMMAA)
1. Figlio di Isai, fratello di David e padre di Ionadab (II Sam. 13, 3.32). In I Sam. 16, 9; 17, 13 è detto Samma, Simmaa in I Par. 2, 13 e Samaa in I Par. 20, 7 (ebr. Šimā').
13:11
La S. Scrittura ricorda ancora i rapporti incestuosi di Ammon, figlio di David, con Thamar, sorella di Absalom (II Sam. 13, 11-22), e di Absalom con le concubine di David (ibid. 16, 21-22), ecc. S. Giovanni Battista fu imprigionato per aver rimproverato Erode Antipa, che aveva, contro la legge, presa come moglie …
13:13
… Nel periodo più antico vigeva l'uso di sposarsi anche tra fratellastri (cf. Gen. 20, 12; II Sam. 13, 13) e fra cugini (cf. Gen. 24, 15, 47; 28, 2.18 sgg.). …
13:21
… Rivelò l'affronto subito ad Absalom, suo fratello germano, che la ricoverò in casa sua. David, conosciuto l'incesto, si irritò (secondo il testo ebraico), ma non punì A., che prediligeva (II Sam. 13, 21 b è aggiunta dei Settanta e Volgata). …
13:23
AZOTO (EBR. ʾAŠDĀDH; ASIR. AŠDĀDH; GR. ʾAŠḎŌR; OGGI EŠDĀDH)
In I Mach. 9, 15, in luogo di « montagna di A. », ignota ed in contrasto col contesto, è stato proposto di leggere « montagna di Hasor » che sarebbe la Baal-Hasor di II Sam. 13, 23, l'odierna Gebel el-ʾAsār (F.-M. …
13:28
… suo malgrado ebbe parte in una fosca tragedia della famiglia reale: violentata dal fratello (di madre Achinoam: ibid. 3,2) Amnon (ibid. 13,1 sgg.), si rifugiò presso Absalom, che due anni dopo la vendicò uccidendo il fratellastro Amnon in un banchetto (ibid. 13, 28-29).
13:37
Maacha, sposa di David e madre di Absalom, era figlia di Tholmai re di G. (II Sam. 3, 3; I Par. 3, 2), alla cui reggia si rifugiò Absalom dopo ucciso Amnon (II Sam. 13, 37; 14, 23, 32; 15, 8).
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.