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's-Hertogenbosch, Diocese Of Bois-le-Duc(S'HERTOGENBOSCH, BOIS-LE-DUC, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 306 S'HERTOGENBOSCH, BOIS-LE-DUC, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese of the Netherlands. The city is the capital of North Brabant, somewhat south of the lower Meuse;…
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, Third Lord Of(SHAFTESBURY, ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, TERZO LORD DI)Vol. XI, p. 300 SHAFTESBURY, ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, third Lord of. – Philosopher, initiator of the moral philosophy of sentiment (v.), born in London on 26 February 1671, died…
ShakersVol. XI, p. 302 SHAKERS. – Derogatory term (from shake = to tremble) given to a small sect whose official name is “United Society of Believers” (United Society of Believers).…
Shakespeare, WilliamVol. XI, p. 302 SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM. — Poet, born at Stratford-on-Avon (England) in 1564 (he was baptized on 26 April), died there on 23 April 1616. His father, Giovanni, a…
Shallum (Heb. Šallūm)(SELLUM (EBR. ŠALLŪM))Vol. XI, p. 183 SELLUM (Hebr. Šallūm). — Name of about fifteen persons in the Old Testament. The principal ones are: 1. S., son of Iabes, king of Israel (744 B.C.), who took…
Shalmaneser (Šulmānu-Ašarid [I])(SALMANASAR ("ŠULMĀNU-ASARID [N]))Vol. X, p. 996 SALMANASAR (“Šulmānu-asarid [n]). - The name (“Šulmān [warrior god of the Ninurta type] takes precedence”; Hebr. Salman'ēser) belonged to 5 Assyrian kings…
Shamanism(SCIAMANISMO)Vol. XI, p. 76 SHAMANISM. — From the Tungus shaman, a word perhaps imported from the Pali «samana», shamanism is a magical-religious phenomenon currently observable, in its…
Shammai(ŠAMMAJ)Vol. X, p. 1031 ŠAMMAJ. – An eminent Jewish doctor who carried out his teaching between 20 B.C. and A.D. 25/30. He was a contemporary of Hillèl (v.) and his rival. In contrast…
Shanghai, Diocese Of(SHANGHAI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 303 SHANGHAI, diocesi di. - In central-eastern China, on the coast of the civil province of Kiangsu: it takes its name from the famous city that lies at the mouth…
Shantou, Diocese of(SWATON (SHANTOW), DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 1005 SWATON (SHANTOW), DIOCESE of. - On the coast of the South China Sea, in the province of Kwangtung. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate under the name of…
Shaowu, Apostolic Prefecture Of(SHAOWU, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. XI, p. 304 SHAOWU, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - In the north-western part of the province of Fukien, in southern China. It was erected as a mission sui iuris on 18 July…
Sharecropper(FITTO A COLTIVATORE DIRETTO)Vol. V, p. 855 DIRECT FARMER’S LEASE. — This is a subspecies of the broader form of leasing rural estates, in which the tenant, as a small agricultural entrepreneur, directly…
Sharon (Heb. Haš-Šarōn)(SARON (EBR. HAŠ-ŠARÓN, GR. Ὁ ΣΑΦΏΝ, LAC. SARONAS))Vol. X, p. 1144 SARON (Heb. haš-Šarón, Gr. ὁ Σαφών, Lat. Saronas). – 1. Biblical name for the tract of the Palestinian plain extending along the coast from Carmel to Jaffa,…
Shasi, Apostolic Prefecture of(SHASI, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. XI, p. 304 SHASI, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. — In the southern part of Hupeh province, in central China. It was established on 7 July 1936 with territory separated from the…
Shaw, George BernardVol. XI, p. 304 SHAW, GEORGE BERNARD. — Irish playwright, born in Dublin on 26 July 1856, died at Ayot Saint Lawrence (London) on 2 November 1950. He began his career in…
Shaykh al-Islām(SHAJH AL-ISLAM)Vol. XI, p. 301 SHAJH al-ISLAM. – One of the many Islamic appellations (alqāb) that appeared around the middle of the 4th century A.H. (= 10th century A.D.) and that means,…
Shechem (Heb. Šēḥḥem «Nuca»; Gr. Sychem or Sychima)(SICHEM (EBR. ŠĒHHEM « NUCA »; GR. ΣΥΧΈΜ O ΣΎΧΗΜΑ))Vol. XI, p. 318 SICHEM (Hebr. Šēhhem “nape”; Gr. Συχέμ or Σύχημα). — An ancient city of Palestine in the center of the tribe of Ephraim, between Mounts Hebal and Garizim…
Shekel (Heb. Šéqel)(SICLO (EBR. ŠÉQEL))Vol. XI, p. 336 SICLO (Hebr. šéqel). — A weight and coin in use in the ancient Mediterranean East. In the biblical texts referring to the pre-exilic period, the s. always…
Shekinah(ŠEKHĪNĀH)Vol. XI, p. 180 ŠEKHĪNĀH. – “Abode,” a Neo-Hebrew term (from the biblical verb šākhan “to dwell”) denoting the presence and dwelling of God in Israel, especially in the…
Shelley, Percy ByssheVol. XI, p. 305 SHELLEY, PERCY BYSSHE. - English Romantic poet, b. in London on 4 Aug. 1792, d. by drowning in the Bay of Lerici on 8 July 1822. A radical revolutionary and…
Shem (Hebrew: Šēm)(SEM (EBR. ŠĒM))Vol. XI, p. 183 SEM (Hebr. Šēm). — One of the sons of Noah, perhaps the eldest, since he occupies the first place in the enumerations (S., Cam [v.] and Iapheth [v.]: Gen.…
Sheol(ŠĒ'ÖL)Vol. XI, p. 223 ŠĒ'ÖL. — A term (feminine) which in Israel (but not among the other Semites) designated the subterrestrial region where the dead dwell. The etymology is…
Shephelah (Heb. Haš-Šephēlāh "Lowland")(SEPHELA (EBR. HAŠ-ŠEPHĒLAH « BASSOPIANO »))Vol. XI, p. 228 SEPHELA (Heb. haš-Šephēlah "lowland"). - A term (often translated by the Septuaginta ἡ πεδινὴ [τῆ] = Vulgata campestris [terra], or τὸ πεδίον = campus), which…
Sheptytskyj, Andrey(SZEPTYCKYJ, ANDREJ)Vol. XI, p. 1013 SZEPTYCKYJ, ANDREJ. - Metropolitan of Galicia, in secular life Roman Alexander, third son of the Counts de Szeptyci-Szeptyckyj, an ancient noble Ukrainian…
Sherbrooke, Archdiocese of(SHERBROOKE, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 305 SHERBROOKE, ARCIDIOCESI di. – Archdiocese and city in the province of Québec (Canada). The diocese has a Catholic population of 214,823 inhabitants (184,613…
Sheshbazzar (Heb. Šēlbašsar)(SASSABASAR (EBR. ŠĒLBAŠSAR))Vol. X, p. 1147 SASSABASAR (Hebr. Šēlbašsar). — A personage who played an important role in the first repatriation of the Jewish exiles from Babylonia to the land of Israel:…
Shestov, Leo (Lev Isaákievich Shvartsman)(ŠESTOV, LEONE (LEV ISAÁKIEVIČ ŠVARCMAN))Vol. XI, p. 273 ŠESTOV, LEONE (LEV ISAÁKIEVIČ ŠVARCMAN). — Russian religious writer, born in Kiev in 1866, died in Paris in 1938, where he had emigrated after the revolution.…
Shguanin, CesarioVol. XI, p. 306 SHGUANIN, CESARIO. — Theologian of the Order of the Servants of Mary, b. at Schöntal on 11 June 1692, d. in Rome on 4 February 1769. He entered religious life…
Shihnan, Diocese of(SHIHNAN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 306 SHIHNAN, DIOCESE of. — In the southern part of Hupeh province, in central China. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate on 14 June 1938, with five civil…
Shihtsien, Apostolic Prefecture Of(SHIHTSIEN, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. XI, p. 306 SHIHTSIEN, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - In the eastern part of the province of Kweichow, in south-central China. It was erected as a mission sui iuris on 23…
Shikoku, Apostolic Prefecture Of(SHIKOKU, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. XI, p. 307 SHIKOKU, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE. — Situated on the island of the same name, it comprises four civil provinces, namely Kagawa, Tokushima, Kochi, and Ehime, whose…
Shillong, Diocese Of(SHILLONG, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 307 SHILLONG, DIOCESIS di. — Situated in north-eastern India, suffragan of Calcutta. In 1889 the apostolic prefecture of Assam was erected, its territory being…
Shiloh (Heb. Šilô or Šilôh; Gr. Sēlō, Sēlōn)(SILO (EBR. ŠILŌ O ŠILŌH, GR. ΣΗΛΏ, ΣΗΛΏΝ))Vol. XI, p. 367 SILO (Hebr. Šilō or Šilōh, Gr. Σηλώ, Σηλών). — An ancient locality of Palestine in the tribe of Ephraim, corresponding, according to the biblical indications…
Shimei (Heb. Šim'î "[The Lord] Has Heard Me")(SEMEI (EBR. ŠIM'T «[IL SIGNORE] MI HA ASCOLTATO»))Vol. XI, p. 183 SEMEI (Hebr. Šim't “[the Lord] has heard me”). — Name of many persons in the Bible. The best known is the Benjaminite who, on the Mount of Olives, fiercely…
Shinar (Heb. Šin'ār)(SENNAAR (EBR. ŠIN'ĀR))Vol. XI, p. 202 SENNAAR (Hebr. Šin'ār). — A geographical term which in certain biblical pericopes means the land of Babylonia, e.g., Gen. 10:10 ff. (even in opposition to…
ShintōVol. XI, p. 307 SHINTŌ. – From the Sino-Japanese shin = god and tō = way), whence our term Shintoism; by this word the Japanese designated their indigenous religion after…
Shirē(SHIRÈ)Vol. XI, p. 309 SHIRÈ. - It is the region comprising the southern part of the British protectorate of Nyasaland. Until May 1952, the apostolic vicariate of S. encompassed the…
Shishak (Heb. Šīšaq, Septuagint Σονοχίμ)(SESAC (EBR. ŠĪŠAQ, SETTANTA ΣΟΝΟΑΧΊΑ))Vol. XI, p. 267 SESAC (Heb. Šīšaq, Septuagint Σονοαχία). — Pharaoh of Egypt (Šešonq I), founder of the Twenty-Second Dynasty (934–913 B.C.), whose capital he transferred to…
Shiuzhou, Diocese of(SHIUCHOW, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 309 SHIUCHOW, DIOCESE of. — In the northwestern part of Kwangtung province, in southern China. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate on 9 April 1920, with…
Shkodër (Scutari), Archdiocese of(SCUTARI (SHKODRA, SHKÖDER), ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 139 SCUTARI (SHKODRA, SHKÖDER), ARCHDIOCESE of. — Situated in the northwestern part of Albania, of very ancient origin. The first bishop of S. whose name is…
Shock Therapy (Electroshock)(SHOCKTERAPIA (ELETTROSHOCK))Vol. XI, p. 310 SHOCK THERAPY (ELECTROSHOCK). — It is among the most important methods for the organic treatment of mental disorders; its various procedures developed not…
Shohchow, Diocese of(SHOHCHOW, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 311 SHOHCHOW, DIOCESE of. — In the northwestern part of Shansi province, in northern China. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture on 12 May 1926, comprising 15…
Shorthouse, Joseph HenryVol. XI, p. 311 SHORTHOUSE, JOSEPH HENRY. – English writer, born in Birmingham on 9 September 1834, died at Lansdowne on 4 March 1903. Although S. wrote other works as well,…
Shrewsbury, Diocese Of(SHREWSBURY, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 311 SHREWSBURY, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in England. It has a population of 1,331,706 inhabitants (1931 census), of whom 106,000 are Catholics (1950 census),…
Shroud(SINDONE)Vol. XI, p. 422 SINDONE. – Funerary cloth that wrapped the Body of Jesus Christ. Several cloths preserved in various places have aspired to this honor (Compiègne, Besançon,…
Shulamite (Heb. Šûlammîth, Septuagint Σουναμίτις)(SULAMITE (EBR. ŠÚLAMMĪTH, SETTANTA ΣΟΥΝΑΜΊΤΙΣ))Vol. XI, p. 912 SULAMITE (Hebr. Šúlammīth, Septuagint Σουναμίτις). — Name given to the bride of the Canticle of Canticles (6:12; 7:1), the shepherdess who loves a shepherd of…
Shunem (Sunam)(SUNEM (SUNAM))Vol. XI, p. 922 SUNEM (SUNAM). – A Canaanite city of Palestine (Heb. Sūndam; Gr. Σουσάμ), occupied by Tuthmosis III (mm, n. 38), which remained of considerable importance…
Shunking, Diocese Of(SHUNKING, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 312 SHUNKING, DIOCESE of. - In the central part of the province of Szechwan, in central-western China. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate on 2 Aug. 1929,…
Shunsen, Apostolic Prefecture Of(SHUNSEN, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. XI, p. 312 SHUNSEN, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - It is situated in the central-eastern part of Korea and covers an area of 26,265 sq. km., with a population of 1,200,000…
Shunteh, Diocese of(SHUNTEH, DIOCESI DI)Vol. XI, p. 312 SHUNTEH, DIOCESE of. - In the south-western part of the province of Hupeh, in northern China. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture on 2 March 1933, with 6…
Shuwayr(ŠUWAJR)Vol. XI, p. 967 ŠUWAJR. – Lebanese village near which stands the monastery of S. Giovanni, cradle and still mother house of the Order of the Basilian (v.) Melkite Šuwajriti…
