S

1,649 articles · 181 under St · English index · Indice italiano

St. Andrews and Edinburgh, Diocese of (SANT'ANDREA E EDIMBURGO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. X, p. 1085
SANT'ANDREA and EDINBURGH, DIOCESE of. — In Scotland, it comprises the counties of Edinburgh, Berwick, Haddington, Lothians, Peebles, Roxburg, Selkirk, almost…
St. Bernard, Hospice of (SAN BERNARDO, OSPIZIO DEL) Vol. X, p. 1033
SAN BERNARD, HOSPICE OF: v. BERNARDO D'AOSTA, saint.
St. Florian (SANKT FLORIAN) Vol. X, p. 1054
SANKT FLORIAN. - Abbey of the Canons Regular of the Lateran of the Austrian Congregation near Linz (Upper Austria). The abbey is situated on the edge of a…
St. Gabriel of the Sorrowful Virgin of Marañón, Apostolic Vicariate of (SAN GABRIELE DELL'ADDOLORATA DI MARAÑON, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. X, p. 1039
SAN GABRIELE DELL'ADDOLORATA VICARIATE APOSTOLIC of MARAÑON. — Situated in the northern regions of Peru. In 1912 the Passionists went there and accepted the…
St. Lambrecht (SANKT LAMBRECHT) Vol. X, p. 1055
SANKT LAMBRECHT. - Benedictine abbey in Upper Styria, in the diocese of Seckau. On the little church of S. Lamberto, Count Marquardo of Eppenstein planned the…
St. Paul im Lavanttal (SANKT PAUL IM LAVANTTAL) Vol. X, p. 1056
SANKT PAUL IM LAVANTTAL. – Benedictine abbey in the diocese of Gurk, in Carinthia. On a hill overlooking the broad valley of the Lavant, at the end of the 10th…
St. Peregrine Laziosi in Alto Acre and Alto Purus, Prelature of (SAN PELLEGRINO LAZIOSI NEGLI ALTO ACRE E ALTO PURUS, PRELATURA DI) Vol. X, p. 1068
SAN PELLEGRINO LAZIOSI NEGLI ALTO ACRE E ALTO PURUS, PRELATURE. — Suffragan of Belém do Pará, in the territory of Acre (Amazonia), Brazil. It has an area of…
St. Peter and Nonnberg (SANKT PETER E NONNBERG) Vol. X, p. 1056
SANKT PETER AND NONNBERG. — These are the two oldest Benedictine abbeys in the entire German territory, both founded by St. Ruperto around 690–95 at Iuvavum,…
St. Peter of Münster (SAN PIETRO DI MUENSTER) Vol. X, p. 1068
SAN PIETRO DI MUENSTER – Nullius abbey and city in the province of Saskatchewan, Canadà. The monastery of the Benedictines (American-Cassinese Congregation)…
St. Pölten (SANKT PÖLTEN) Vol. X, p. 1057
SANKT PÖLTEN: v. SANT'IPPOLITO.
St. Salvatore da Horta (SALVATORE DA HORTA, SANTO) Vol. X, p. 1017
SALVATORE DA HORTA, saint. — Professed lay brother of the Friars Minor. Born to poor parents at S. Colomba de Farnés in the diocese of Gerona (Spain) in…
Stabat Mater Vol. XI, p. 707
STABAT MATER. – A sequence known in many versions, from missals and liturgical books (approximately thirty, between the mid-fourteenth and the end of the…
Stabia Vol. XI, p. 708
STABIA: V. CASTELLAMMARE DI STABIA.
Stablum, Emanuele Vol. XI, p. 708
STABLUM, EMANUELE. - Physician, born in Terzolas (Trento) on 10 June 1895, died in Rome on 16 March STABLUM, EMANUELE - Portrait. He entered the Conceptionists…
Stadion, Christoph Vol. XI, p. 709
STADION, CHRISTOPH. — Bishop, born in March 1478 at Schelklingen, of a noble family from Sweden; died at Nuremberg on 15 April 1543. He studied at Tübingen…
Stahl, Friederich Julius Vol. XI, p. 710
STAHL, FRIEDERICH JULIUS. - Jurist and politician, a Jew converted to Lutheranism, b. in Monaco di Baviera on 16 Jan. 1802, d. in Bad-Brückenau on 10 Aug.…
Stained Glass (VETRATA) Vol. XII, p. 856
VETRATA. — Precursors of that kind of transparent mosaic which is the stained-glass window were the closures of basilican windows in the 4th and 5th centuries,…
Stalin, Iosif Vissarionovič (Džugašvili) (STALIN, IOSIF VISSARIONOVIĆ (DŽUGAŠVILI)) Vol. XI, p. 711
STALIN, IOSIF VISSARIONOVIĆ (Džugašvili). — Russian statesman, born at Gori, a small village in the Caucasus, to a Georgian shoemaker, on 21 December 1879.…
Stampa Vol. XI, p. 712
STAMPA. — From the moral and juridical standpoint, which is of particular concern here, and in its broadest meaning, the term denotes everything published, in…
Stampa, Gaspara Vol. XI, p. 714
STAMPA, GASPARA. – Poetess, b. in Padua in 1523, d. in Venice on 23 April 1554. The daughter of a Paduan jeweller, upon his death she moved with her mother to…
Stams Vol. XI, p. 716
STAMS. — Cistercian abbey in the Inn Valley, in Tyrol, apostolic administration of Innsbruck, formerly diocese of Bressanone. The monastery of S. was founded…
Stancaro, Francesco Vol. XI, p. 716
STANCARO, FRANCESCO. — Italian heretic of the antitrinitarian movement, b. at Mantua in 1501, d. at Stobnice in Poland on 11 November 1574. Restless and…
Standard (Signum, Vexillum; vessillo, gonfalone) (STENDARDO (SIGNUM, VEXILLUM; VESSILLO, GONFALONE)) Vol. XI, p. 797
STENDARDO (signum, vexillum; banner, gonfalon). - In ecclesiastical usage, mentioned in the Rituale romano (tit. X, cap. 1, n. 5), they are banners in which…
Standonck, Johannes Van Vol. XI, p. 716
STANDONCK, JOHANNES van. - Preacher and ascetic reformer, b. at Malines in 1453, d. 2 Feb. 1504. Very poor, he pursued his first studies at Malines, then at…
Stanislaus II Augustus Poniatowski, King of Poland (STANISLAO II AUGUSTO PONIATOWSKI, RE DI POLONIA) Vol. XI, p. 721
STANISLAO II Augusto Poniatowski, king of POLAND. — Born on 17 January 1732 at Wolczyn, died on 12 February 1798 at Petersburg. He travelled throughout Europe…
Stanislaus Kostka, Saint (STANISLAO KOSTKA, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 721
STANISLAO KOSTKA, saint. — Jesuit, born in his ancestral castle at Rostkow (Prasnysz, Poland) on 28 October 1550, died in Rome on 15 August 1568. Belonging to…
Stanislaus, Saint, Martyr (STANISLAO, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. XI, p. 716
STANISLAO, saint, martyr. — Bishop and patron of Poland, born in that nation between 1030 and 1035, died at Cracow in April 1079. Tradition holds that he…
Stanisław I Leszczyński, King of Poland (STANISLAO I LESZCZYNSKI, RE DI POLONIA) Vol. XI, p. 721
STANISLAO I Leszczynski, king of POLAND. — Born on 20 October 1677 in Leopoli, died on 23 February 1766 in Lunéville. With the direct support of Charles XII of…
Stanisław Poli, Diocese of the Ruthenians (Ukrainian: Stanislaviv) (STANISLAO POLI, DIOCESI DEI RUTENI (UCRAINO: STANISLAVIV)) Vol. XI, p. 722
STANISLAO POLI, DIOCESE OF THE RUTENI (Ukrainian: STANISLAVIV). — It was formerly in Poland (Galicia), now in Ukraine (USSR), suffragan of Leopoli. S. was…
Stanleyville, Apostolic Vicariate of (STANLEYVILLE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. XI, p. 722
STANLEYVILLE, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — It is situated in the north-eastern part of the Belgian Congo. It was established as an apostolic prefecture on 3…
Staphylus (Stapellage), Friedrich Vol. XI, p. 722
STAPHYLUS (STAPELLAGE), FRIEDRICH. — Lutheran theologian, later converted to Catholicism, b. 27 Aug. 1512 at Osnabrück, d. 5 March 1564 at Innsbruck. After…
Stapleton, Thomas Vol. XI, p. 723
STAPLETON, THOMAS. - Catholic controversialist, born at Hensfield (Sussex) in July 1535, died at Louvain on 12 Oct. 1598. A bachelor at Oxford (Dec. 1556), he…
Starace, Costanza Vol. XI, p. 723
STARACE, COSTANZA. - In religion Sister Maria Maddalena della Passione, foundress of the Suore Compassioniste serve di Maria, b. at Castellammare di Stabia on…
Starck, Johann August Von Vol. XI, p. 723
STARCK, JOHANN AUGUST von. — Crypto-Catholic theologian, born on 28 October 1741 at Schwerin, died on 3 March 1816 at Darmstadt. He studied theology and…
Starets (plural: Startsy) (STARETS (PLUR. STARTSY)) Vol. XI, p. 724
STARETS (plur. STARTSY). - That is, “elder,” a very ancient monastic institution in Russia. The s. (whether priest or not) is the monk who, possessed by the…
Starnina, Gherardo Vol. XI, p. 724
STARNINA, GHERARDO. - Gherardo di Jacopo di S., painter. Registered among the painters of Florence from 1387, between 1398 and 1401 he went to Spain, where he…
Starčević, Ante Vol. XI, p. 723
STARČEVIĆ, ANTE. — Croatian politician, born on 23 May 1823 at Žitnik (Lika), died at Zagreb on 28 February 1896. From 1845 to 1848 he studied theology at…
State (STATO) Vol. XI, p. 760
STATO. - The term has not always been used in the sense now usually attributed to it. For a long time it served to indicate the personal condition of…
State of Grace (STATO DI GRAZIA) Vol. XI, p. 765
STATE OF GRACE. — I. DOCTRINE. — S. di G. signifies the permanent and supernatural condition or mode of being of the soul, cleansed of every mortal sin and…
State Of Innocence (INNOCENZA, STATO DI) Vol. VII, p. 29
INNOCENZA, STATO di: v. DONI PRETERNATURALI.
State of Innocence (STATO DI INNOCENZA) Vol. XI, p. 765
STATO DI INNOCENZA: v. DONI SOPRANNATURALI E GIUSTIZIA ORIGINALE.
State of Necessity (STATO DI NECESSITÀ) Vol. XI, p. 765
STATO DI NECESSITÀ: v. NECESSITÀ, STATO di.
State of Perfection (STATO DI PERFEZIONE) Vol. XI, p. 765
STATO DI PERFEZIONE: v. PERFEZIONE CRISTIANA.
State, Duties of the Individual (STATO, OBBLIGHI DEL PROPRIO) Vol. XI, p. 763
STATE, DUTIES OF ONE'S OWN. - By state here are meant not only the unchangeable conditions of life by which we are bound toward others (state deriving from…
Statica Vol. XI, p. 724
STATICA : V. MECCANICA, II. GEOMETRIA DELLE FORZE.
Statistics (STATISTICA) Vol. XI, p. 725
STATISTICS. — This term derives, in all probability, from the Latin status, meaning state, position, condition, or manner of being. It was first used in Italy,…
Statization (STATIZZAZIONE) Vol. XI, p. 760
STATIZZAZIONE : v. SOCIALIZZAZIONE.
Statutes and Constitutions (STATUTI E COSTITUZIONI) Vol. XI, p. 774
STATUTES AND CONSTITUTIONS. — The two terms are generally not regarded as equivalent, although the particular distinguishing features of each, especially when…
Staudenmaier, Franz Anton Vol. XI, p. 776
STAUDENMAIER, FRANZ ANTON. – Theologian, born 11 September 1800 at Dorzdorf (Württemberg), died 19 January 1856 at Freiburg in Br. After obtaining his…
Staupitz, Johann Von Vol. XI, p. 777
STAUPITZ, JOHANN von. — German theologian and mystic of the sixteenth century, professor of theology at Wittenberg and vicar general of the Augustinians in…
Stauropegion (STAUROPEGIO) Vol. XI, p. 777
STAUROPEGIO. — In Byzantine canon law, this denotes a privilege granted by the patriarch whereby a place or foundation is withdrawn from the ordinary authority…
Stauropegion of Lviv (STAUROPIGHIA DI LEOPOLI) Vol. XI, p. 777
STAUROPIGHIA of Leopoli. - A confraternity of Galician, Moldavian, and Greek merchants based in Leopoli, confirmed in 1596 by the Patriarch of Antioch,…
Stauroteca Vol. XI, p. 777
STAUROTECA: v. ENCOPIO. (fot. Giordani) LENTEN STATION — The Lenten station of St Ciriacus: the procession in the church of S. Maria in Via Lata, which…
Staël, Anne-Louise-Germaine de Vol. XI, p. 709
STAËL, ANNE-LOUISE-GERMAINE de. — Of a Calvinist family of Genevan origin, daughter of the celebrated minister of Louis XVI, J. Necker, born in Paris on 22…
Stefanardo da Vimercate Vol. XI, p. 785
STEFANARDO da VIMERCATE. – Dominican theologian and historian, born in Vimercate (Milan), died in Milan in 1297. Several times prior in Verona (from 1270 to…
Stefaneschi, Giacomo Vol. XI, p. 785
STEFANESCHI, GIACOMO. — Cardinal, born in Rome around 1270 to Pietro S. and Perna Orsini, died on 23 June 1343. Boniface VIII made him cardinal deacon of S.…
Steffani, Agostino Vol. XI, p. 795
STEFFANI, AGOSTINO. - Musician, b. at Castelfranco Veneto on 25 July 1654, d. at Frankfurt am Main on 12 Feb. 1728. At the age of fourteen he was chamber and…
Stein, Edith (Sister Teresa Benedetta of the Cross) (STEIN, EDITH (SUOR TERESA BENEDETTA DELLA CROCE)) Vol. XI, p. 795
STEIN, EDITH (Sister TERESA BENEDETTA of the Cross). - Born a Jewess on Oct. 12, 1891, in Breslau, converted to Catholicism, d. - snatched from the Carmelite…
Stein, Joannes Wilhelmus Jacobus Antonius (STEIN, JOANNES WILHEMUS JACOBUS ANTONIUS) Vol. XI, p. 796
STEIN, JOANNES WILHELMUS JACOBUS ANTONIUS. – Jesuit, astronomer, born at Grave (Netherlands) on 27 February 1871, died in Rome on 27 December 1951. He entered…
Steinamanger Vol. XI, p. 796
STEINAMANGER: v. SABARIA.
Steiner, Agnese Chiara del Sacro Costato, Venerable (STEINER, AGNESE CHIARA DEL SACRO COSTATO, VENERABILE) Vol. XI, p. 796
STEINER, AGNESE CHIARA DEL SACRO COSTATO, Venerable — In the world Teresa, foundress of the Poor Clares Born on 29 Aug. 1813 at Tesido (Taisten) in the diocese…
Steiner, Rudolf Vol. XI, p. 797
STEINER, RUDOLF. — Philosopher, born in Kraljevic (Croatia) on 27 February 1861, died in Dornach (Switzerland) on 30 March 1925, founder of “anthroposophy.” A…
Stele (Stela, Στήλη, Στήλις, Ἰδός, dim. Στήλιβιος, rad. Sta, cf. ἵστημι = erigo) (STELE (= STELA, ΣΤΉΛΗ, ΣΤΉΛΙΣ, ἸΔΟΣ, DIM. ΣΤΉΛΙΒΙΟΣ, RAD. STA, CF. ἸΣΤΉΜΙ = ERIGO)) Vol. XI, p. 797
STELE (= stela, στήλη, στήλις, ἰδος, dim. στήλιβιος, rad. sta, cf. ἰστήμι = erigo). — The term was used by the Greeks for every boundary stone, burial marker,…
Stellini, Jacopo Vol. XI, p. 797
STELLINI, JACOPO. - Philosopher and educator, b. 27 April 1699 at Cividale del Friuli, d. 17 March 1770 at Padova. In 1718 he joined the Somaschi Fathers; for…
Stendhal Vol. XI, p. 798
STENDHAL. – Pseudonym of Henry Beyle, French writer, b. in Grenoble on 23 January 1783, d. in Paris on 23 March 1842. Of good bourgeois family and related to…
Stenography (STENOGRAFIA) Vol. XI, p. 799
STENOGRAFIA: v. TACHIGRAFIA.
Stensen, Niels Vol. XI, p. 799
STENSEN, NIELS. — In Latin Nicolaus Stenonis, Stenonius, and erroneously also Steno; anatomist, geologist, and bishop, born, according to the Gregorian…
Stentrup, Ferdinand Vol. XI, p. 799
STENTRUP, FERDINAND. — Jesuit, theologian, and forerunner of freedom in education, b. in Münster on 8 July 1831, d. at Kalksburg on 15 August 1898. A student…
Stephanus, Robertus Vol. XI, p. 800
ROBERTUS STEPHANUS: see ESTIENNE (STEPHANUS), family.
Stephen (Mercuelio-Zabalza) da Adoain (STEFANO (MERCUELLO-ZABALZA) DA ADOAIN) Vol. XI, p. 788
STEFANO (MERCUELLO-ZABALZA) da ADOAIN. - Born at Adoain (Navarra) on 11 Oct. 1808; died at Sanlucar de Barrameda on 7 Oct. 1880. Having entered the Capuchins…
Stephen [II] (STEFANO [II]) Vol. XI, p. 790
STEFANO [II]. — Roman presbyter elected upon the death of Zaccaria, between 16 and 23 March 752, but deceased four days later, before the consecratio then…
Stephen Ad-Duwayh (STEFANO AD-DUWAIH) Vol. XI, p. 788
STEFANO AD-DUWAIH. – Maronite Patriarch, born at Ihden (Lebanon) in 1630. He entered the Maronite College of Rome in 1641. He returned to Lebanon in 1654; in…
Stephen Gobard (STEFANO GOBARDO) Vol. XI, p. 790
STEFANO GOBARDO. – A tritheist (Monophysite), in the sixth century he wrote a book in 52 chapters (with an appendix) on controversial theological problems,…
Stephen Harding, Sasso (STEFANO HARDING, SATTO) Vol. XI, p. 795
STEFANO HARDING, saint. — The date of his birth is unknown; he died on 28 March 1134. At about sixteen or eighteen years of age, disgusted, he left Sherborne…
Stephen I, King of Hungary (STEFANO I, RE D'UNGHERIA) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO I, king of HUNGARY, saint. — Son of Prince Géza, b. about 969; baptized together with his father in 973 or 974, he succeeded him in 997. He was crowned…
Stephen I, King of Hungary, Saint (STEFANO I, RE D'UNGHERIA, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO I, king of UNGHERIA, saint — Prologue of the Vita s. Stephani regis, twelfth-century codex — Budapest, Biblioteca, cod. Ernst, f. IV. he played a most…
Stephen I, Pope, Saint (STEFANO I, PAPA, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 790
STEFANO I, PAPA, saint. — He is commemorated in the Depositio Episcoporum on 2 August as buried in the cemetery of Callistus. On the same date and at the same…
Stephen II (III), Pope (STEFANO II (III), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 790
STEFANO II (III), POPE. — Of Roman family. As soon as he was elected pope, between 16 and 25 March 752, he had to contend with the designs of the Lombard king…
Stephen III (IV), Pope (STEFANO III (IV), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 791
STEFANO III (IV), POPE.—He ascended the papal throne on 1 and was consecrated on 7 August 768; he died on 24 January 772. Since Costantino II had obtained the…
Stephen IV (V), Pope (STEFANO IV (V), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 791
STEFANO IV (V), POPE. - Of a Roman family, he readily obtained, on 22 June 816, the votes of the Roman clergy for election to the papal throne. He did not wait…
Stephen IX (X), Pope (STEFANO IX (X), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO IX (X), POPE. - Elected abbot of Montecassino (23 May 1057) and created cardinal priest of the title of S. Crisogono on 14 June, he received the votes…
Stephen of Beaugé (de Balgiaco) (STEFANO DI BEAUGÉ (DE BALGIACO)) Vol. XI, p. 789
STEFANO di BEAUGÉ (de BALGIACO). - Bishop of Autun from 1112 to 1136, died at Cluny in 1139, where, having resigned the diocese, he had withdrawn. Pietro il…
Stephen of Die, Saint (STEFANO DI DIE, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 789
STEPHEN of DIE, saint. - Carthusian, born c. 1155 in Lyon into the noble family of Chatillon-les-Dombes. He became a religious in the Charterhouse of Portes…
Stephen of Florence (STEFANO FIORENTINO) Vol. XI, p. 789
STEFANO FIORENTINO. - Painter of the fourteenth century, father of the Tommaso known as Giottino, whose personality has recently been the subject of attempts…
Stephen of Thiers, Saint (STEFANO DI THIERS, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO di THIERS, saint. — Born in 1048, died at Muret, near Limoges, on 8 February 1124; canonized by Clement III on 21 March 1189. At the age of twelve, he…
Stephen of Tournay (STEFANO DI TOURNAL) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO di TOURNAL. - Bishop and jurist, b. at Orléans in 1128, d. at Tournal in 1203. After his first studies in his native city, he went to the University of…
Stephen the Melodist (STEFANO IL MELODE) Vol. XI, p. 790
STEFANO il MELODE. - He lived from the beginning of the fourth decade to approximately the end of the eleventh century. A native of southern Italy, perhaps…
Stephen the Younger, Saint, Martyr (STEFANO IL GIOVANE, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. XI, p. 789
STEFANO il GIOVANE, saint and martyr. — Born in Constantinople in 714–15; died there on 28 Nov. 764. His wealthy parents, compelled to flee during the…
Stephen V (VI), Pope (STEFANO V (VI), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 791
STEFANO V (VI), POPE. — Of Roman family, cardinal priest of the title of SS. Quattro Coronati. His election, which took place in September 885, displeased the…
Stephen VI (VII), Pope (STEFANO VI (VII), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 791
STEPHEN VI (VII), POPE. — A Roman, bishop of Anagni. Elected pope in May 896 contrary to the rules of ecclesiastical discipline then in force, (from Farja…
Stephen VII (VIII), Pope (STEFANO VII (VIII), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO VII (VIII), POPE. — Roman. Of this pope, who owed the tiara (Dec. 928) to Marozia, wife of Guido di Spoleto and all-powerful in Rome, no act is known.…
Stephen VIII (IX), Pope (STEFANO VIII (IX), PAPA) Vol. XI, p. 792
STEFANO VIII (IX), POPE. — A Roman, elected on 14 July 939, during his brief pontificate he performed no act worthy of note; he died in October 942. Alberico,…
Stephen, Saint (STEFANO, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 785
STEFANO, saint. - I. LIFE. - Protomartyr (Gr. Στέφανος “crown”), one of the first seven deacons chosen by the apostolic community of Jerusalem at the decision…
Stepson, Stepdaughter (FIGLIASTRO, FIGLIASTRA) Vol. V, p. 755
FIGLIASTRO, FIGLIASTRA: V. AFFINITÀ.
Sterbini, Pietro Vol. XI, p. 800
STERBINI, PIETRO. — Political figure, born at Sgurgola on 25 January 1793, died at Naples on 30 September 1863. A physician and man of letters, and an active…
Sterckx, Engelbert Vol. XI, p. 800
STERCKX, ENGELBERT. - Cardinal, archbishop of Malines, b. 2 Nov. 1792 at Ophem, d. 4 Dec. 1867 at Malines. Ordained priest in 1815, he taught philosophy and…
Sterility (STERILITÀ) Vol. XI, p. 800
STERILITY. — The term, related to that of impotence, is used in medico-legal language to indicate a particular defect in the efficacy of the procreative…
Sterilization (STERILIZZAZIONE) Vol. XI, p. 803
STERILIZATION. — This is a surgical procedure on the reproductive system, whether male or female, intended to prevent the formation or the natural utilization…
Sterne, Laurence Vol. XI, p. 804
STERNE, LAURENCE. — Novelist, born at Clonmel (Ireland) to an English father and an Irish mother on 24 November 1713, died in London on 18 March 1768. He was a…
Steubenville, Diocese of (STEUBENVILLE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 804
STEUBENVILLE, DIOCESE of. - Diocese and city in the State of Ohio, U. S. A. The diocese covers an area of 5,913 sq. miles, with a total population (1950…
Steuco, Agostino Vol. XI, p. 804
STEUCO, AGOSTINO. — Prelate and scholar, born in Gubbio (hence the appellation Eugubinus), perhaps in 1497, died in Venice in March 1548. His name was Guido…
Stevenson, Henry, Senior (Stevenson W. F. Maddock) Vol. XI, p. 805
STEVENSON, HENRY, senior (STEVENSON W. F. MADDOCK). – Philologist and writer of the Vatican Library, b. at Camberwell (London) on 28 July 1818, d. in Rome on…
Stevenson, Joseph Vol. XI, p. 805
STEVENSON, JOSEPH. - Jesuit, historian and archivist, b. at Berwick-on-Tweed (Scotland) on 27 Nov. 1806, d. in London on 18 Feb. 1895. An Anglican pastor from…
Stevenson, Robert Louis Vol. XI, p. 805
STEVENSON, ROBERT LOUIS. – Scottish narrator, b. in Edinburgh on 13 November 1850, d. in Samoa on 3 December 1894. He is one of those rare writers in whom…
Steward, Dugald Vol. XI, p. 806
STEWARD, DUGALD. - English philosopher, b. 22 Nov. 1752 in Edinburgh, d. there 11 June 1828. He taught at the Universities of his native city and of Glasgow.…
Stichometry (STICOMETRIA) Vol. XI, p. 806
STICHOMETRY. — From στίχος (line), it is the conventional system used by the Greeks and Latins for calculating the length of written texts, counting the verses…
Stigmata (STIMMATE (STIGMATE)) Vol. XI, p. 809
STIGMATA (STIGMATES). — From the Greek στίγμα, meaning “mark, sign”; in Christian hagiography and mysticism, they are signs of the wounds of Jesus impressed…
Stil Nuovo Vol. XI, p. 807
STIL NUOVO. — Also dolce stil nuovo, an expression that Dante, Purg., XXIV, 57, places in the mouth of Bonagiunta Orbicciani to indicate a new poetic manner…
Stilicho, Flavius (STILICONE, FLAVIO) Vol. XI, p. 806
STILICONE, FLAVIO. — Son of a Vandal who had served with great distinction under the emperor Valens, he had entered the military and had not failed to…
Stilo Vol. XI, p. 809
STILO: V. STRUMENTI SCRITTORI.
Stilus Et Praxis Curiae Vol. XI, p. 809
STILUS et PRAXIS CURIAE. — These are two canonical juridical institutions which differ very little from one another and are relevant in the CIC as norms in…
Stimmen Der Zeit Vol. XI, p. 814
«STIMMEN DER ZEIT». — A journal providing a critical survey of the intellectual, scientific, social, and religious life of Germany, with the aim of bearing…
Stimmer, Tobias Vol. XI, p. 814
STIMMER, TOBIAS. – Painter and engraver, born in Schaffhausen on 17 April 1539, died in Strasbourg on 4 January 1584. He was one of the principal exponents of…
Stirling, James Hutchison Vol. XI, p. 815
STIRLING, JAMES HUTCHISON. – English philosopher, born on 22 January 1820 in Glasgow, died on 19 March 1909 in Edinburgh, at whose University he had been…
Stirner, Max Vol. XI, p. 815
STIRNER, MAX. — Pseudonym of the philosopher Johann Caspar Schmidt, born on 25 October 1806 in Bayreuth, died on 25 June 1856 in Berlin. He studied (1826–28;…
Stirpe Vol. XI, p. 815
STIRPE: v. RAZZISMO.
Stobi Vol. XI, p. 815
STOBI. – Ancient city of Paeonia, on the site of the present-day village of Pusto-Gradako. In A.D. 386 it was the capital of Macedonia II Salutaris; it was an…
Stocchiero, Giuseppe Vol. XI, p. 815
STOCCHIERO, GIUSEPPE. - Canon lawyer, b. at Arzignano (Vicenza) on 24 Sept. 1882, d. at Vicenza on 4 Dec. 1946. Having completed his studies at the Seminary of…
Stocco E Berrettone Vol. XI, p. 816
STOCCO e BERRETTONE. – The s. is a kind of sword, richly adorned with gold on the hilt, with scabbard and baldric, which the Roman pontiffs used to send to…
Stock, Saint Simon (SIMONE STOCK, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 394
SIMONE STOCK, saint. – Carmelite, born at Keanth (England) in 1165, died at Bordeaux on 16 May 1265. He entered the Order in 1212 and was elected its superior…
Stockholm (STOCCOLMA) Vol. XI, p. 816
STOCCOLMA. – Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden, S. (Stockholm in Swedish), on the western shore of the Baltic Sea, where the slow action of glacialism has…
Stockjobbing (AGGIOTAGGIO) Vol. I, p. 287
AGGIOTAGGIO. - Speculation consisting in publishing or otherwise disseminating false, exaggerated, or tendentious information, or in employing other artifices…
Stoddard, Charles Warren Vol. XI, p. 818
STODDARD, CHARLES WARREN. - American writer, b. 7 Aug. 1843 at Rochester (New York), d. 23 Apr. 1909 at Monterey (California). After working as a bookseller’s…
Stoecker, Adolf Vol. XI, p. 818
STOECKER, ADOLF. - German politician and sociologist, Protestant, b. 11 Nov. 1835 at Halberstadt, d. 8 Feb. 1909 at Gries near Bolzano. A Protestant pastor, he…
Stoffe Vol. XI, p. 818
FABRICS. - The most recent excavations demonstrate that the art of weaving dates back to the most remote Stone Age. Discoveries made in Egypt, as well as in…
Stoicism (STOICISMO) Vol. XI, p. 830
STOICISM. — Philosophical school founded in the “Stoa” (Portico) of Athens by Zeno of Citium around 300 B.C. His successors were Cleanthes (d. in 233–32),…
Stojan, Antonín Cyril Vol. XI, p. 831
STOJAN, ANTONÍN CYRIL. — Archbishop of Olomouc, born on 22 May 1851 at Beňov in Moravia, died there on 29 September 1923. Coming from a modest family of…
Stolberg, Friedrich Leopold Vol. XI, p. 833
STOLBERG, FRIEDRICH LEOPOLD. – Poet, born at Bramstedt (Holstein) on 7 November 1750, died at Sondermühle near Osnabrück on 5 December 1819. Together with his…
Stole (More Antiquely Orarium) (STOLA (PIÙ ANTICAMENTE ORARIUM)) Vol. XI, p. 832
STOLA (more anciently orarium). — It is a liturgical insignia common to deacons, priests, and bishops, but worn differently: by deacons over the left shoulder,…
Stole, Rights Of (STOLA, DIRITTI DI) Vol. XI, p. 832
STOLA, RIGHTS of. - I. - Rights of s. or s. fees (iura stolae) are the payments owed by non-poor persons to parish priests on the occasion of the…
Stolz, Alban Vol. XI, p. 833
STOLZ, ALBAN. — Writer and educator, born on 3 February 1808 at Bühl (Baden), died at Freiburg im Br. on 16 October 1883. After his secondary education at…
Stolz, Anselm Vol. XI, p. 833
STOLZ, ANSELM. - Benedictine theologian, b. 28 Jan. 1900 at Erkrath (near Düsseldorf), d. at Rome on 19 Oct. 1942. A professed monk of the abbey of S. Giuseppe…
Stoppani, Antonio Vol. XI, p. 834
STOPPANI, ANTONIO. – Priest and scientist, b. at Lecco on 15 August 1824, d. at Milan on 1 January 1891. A seminarian at the age of eleven, first at Lecco and…
Storchenau, Sigmund Von Vol. XI, p. 834
STORCHENAU, SIGMUND von. – Jesuit, philosopher, and apologist, born at Hollenburg (Carinthia) on 17 August 1731, died at Klagenfurt on 13 April 1797. He…
Storer, Franz Vol. XI, p. 834
STORER, FRANZ. - Jesuit, missionary, b. at Costanza on 17 Jan. 1617, d. at Gondar (Ethiopia), probably in 1662. Having entered the Order in 1635, from 1646 to…
Storpiation, Healing Of (STORPIA, GUARIGIONE DELLA) Vol. XI, p. 846
STORPIA, GUARIGIONE della. - The Gospel of St. Luke recounts the miraculous healing of a woman who had been crippled for eighteen years: « et erat inclinata…
Stoss, Andreas Vol. XI, p. 846
STOSS, ANDREAS. - Carmelite theologian, b. in Norimberga about 1477, d. in Bamberga on 10 Oct. 1540. Son of the celebrated woodcarver Veit Stoss, he took the…
Stoss, Veit (Stwosz Wit) Vol. XI, p. 847
STOSS, VEIT (STWOSZ WIT). — Sculptor of the late German Gothic period, born probably in Nuremberg in the fifth decade of the 15th century, died there in 1533.…
Strack, Hermann Lebrecht Vol. XI, p. 847
STRACK, HERMANN LEBRECHT. – Protestant exegete and Orientalist who, while remaining a “positive theologian,” made very broad concessions to the most audacious…
Stradella, Alessandro Vol. XI, p. 847
STRADELLA, ALESSANDRO. - Musician, born perhaps at Montefestino in 1642, died at Genova on 28 February 1682. The value of his art is to be sought particularly…
Straits Settlements (STABILIMENTI DELLO STRETTO) Vol. XI, p. 708
STABILIMENTI DELLO STRETTO: V. MALESE, FEDERAZIONE.
Strambi, Vincent Maria, Saint (VINCENZO MARIA STRAMBI, SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 917
VINCENZO MARIA STRAMBI, saint. — Passionist, bishop of Macerata and Tolentino, born at Civitavecchia on 1 January 1745, died at Rome on 1 January 1824. Having…
Strasbourg, Diocese of (STRASBURGO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 848
STRASBURGO, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and city situated in France at the confluence of the Bruche and the Ill, between the Vosges and the Rhine, from which it is 4…
Stratigraphy (STRATIGRAFIA) Vol. XI, p. 849
STRATIGRAPHY. – Stratigraphy, also called stratigraphic geology or historical geology, reconstructs the chronological order in which materials were deposited…
Strauss, D. (STRAUSS, D) Vol. XI, p. 698
STRAUSS, D. F.) by R. Bultmann (v. VANGELO), which so greatly troubles world Protestantism; b) with the elimination even of every central message (kerygma) of…
Strauss, David Friedrich Vol. XI, p. 858
STRAUSS, DAVID FRIEDRICH. – Protestant theologian, faithful to the principles and presuppositions of the “rational-mythical” school (“mythisch-rationale…
Streit, Karl Vol. XI, p. 863
STREIT, KARL. - Founder of ecclesiastical cartography, b. 5 Aug. 1874 at Dittersbüchl (diocese of Litoměřice, Czechoslovakia), d. 31 May 1935. Having entered…
Streit, Robert Vol. XI, p. 863
STREIT, ROBERT. — Born on 27 October 1875 at Fraustadt (Posen), Germany; died at Frankfurt am Main on 31 July 1930. He entered the Oblates of Mary Immaculate…
Streitl, Maria Franziska (STREITEL, MARIA FRANZISKA) Vol. XI, p. 864
STREITEL, MARIA FRANZISKA. — Foundress of the Sisters of Our Lady of Sorrows, born in Mellrichstadt (diocese of Würzburg) on 24 November 1844, died in Castro…
Strike (SCIOPERO) Vol. XI, p. 86
SCIOPERO. — It is the concerted cessation of work. The phenomenon is highly complex and may be studied from various points of view. Of particular interest…
Strindberg, Johan August Vol. XI, p. 866
STRINDBERG, JOHAN AUGUST. — Swedish writer, born in Stockholm on 22 January 1849, died there on 14 May 1912. He established himself in his youth with Master…
Strongoli Vol. XI, p. 866
STRONGOLI. - It was one of the five tiny dioceses on the Ionian side of Calabria, established by the Byzantines around the middle of the 9th century for the…
Strossmayer, Josip Juraj Vol. XI, p. 866
STROSSMAYER, JOSIP JURAJ. — Bishop, b. at Osiek (Croatia) on 4 Nov. 1815, d. at Djakovo on 8 Apr. 1905. He studied philosophy and theology at Budapest and…
Strozzi Acquaviva, Isabella, Duchess of Atri (STROZZI ACQUAVIVA, ISABELLA, DUCHESSA D'ATRI) Vol. XI, p. 870
STROZZI ACQUAVIVA, ISABELLA, duchess of ATRI. - Collaborator of St. Leonardo da Porto Maurizio, born 4 Aug. 1703; in 1727 she married Filippo Strozzi, duke of…
Strozzi Family (STROZZI, FAMIGLIA) Vol. XI, p. 869
STROZZI, FAMIGLIA. – Its known progenitor was a certain STROZZA of Ubaldino, who lived in the second half of the 13th century. From his sons, PINO, LAPO,…
Strozzi, Bernardo Vol. XI, p. 869
STROZZI, BERNARDO. — Known as the Genoese Capuchin, painter, born in Genoa in 1581, died in Venice in 1644. He is among the most notable Genoese painters of…
Strumi Vol. XI, p. 877
STRUMI. — An ancient Benedictine abbey in the Casentino, founded by Teugrimo or Teudegrimo, of the Guidi family, toward the end of the 10th century. Dedicated…
Strzygowski, Joseph Vol. XI, p. 878
STRZYGOWSKI, JOSEPH. — Art historian, born in Biela, in what was then Austrian Silesia, on 7 March 1862, died on 7 January 1941. He studied archaeology and art…
Stuart Family (STUART, FAMIGLIA) Vol. XI, p. 879
STUART, FAMIGLIA. – An ancient Scottish family, descended from a branch of the Anglo-Norman Fitz-Alan family. In the time of King David I of Scotland…
Stucco Vol. XI, p. 879
STUCCO. – It is a mixture of lime and pozzolana combined with marble dust or plaster; when dried, it becomes hard and can be worked with a chisel and gouge;…
Studach, Jakob Lorenz Vol. XI, p. 880
STUDACH, JAKOB LORENZ. - Born on Jan. 25, 1796, in Altstätten (St. Gallen Canton, Switzerland), died on May 9, 1873, in Stockholm. Ordained a priest on Feb.…
Studi E Testi Vol. XI, p. 882
STUDI E TESTI. — A series of texts «published under the direction of the scholars of the Vatican Library» (in 1929, «and of the archivists of the Secret…
Studia Catholica Vol. XI, p. 881
STUDIA CATHOLICA. - The most widely circulated theological review among Dutch Catholics. It is the continuation of the Katholiek (v.), but it is not the…
Studia Et Documenta Historiae Et Iuris Vol. XI, p. 881
STUDIA ET DOCUMENTA HISTORIAE ET IURIS. - A scholarly journal—chiefly concerned with Roman law—published by the « Pontificium Institutum utriusque iuris »,…
Studia Linguarum Vol. XI, p. 881
STUDIA LINGUARUM. – The principal instrument of evangelization is oral preaching in the language of the people to whom one preaches. Speaking through an…
Studien Vol. XI, p. 882
STUDIEN. — Monthly periodical of culture, founded in 1878 by the Dutch Jesuits. As early as 1868, the plan had been undertaken of publishing separate pamphlets…
Studies Vol. XI, p. 882
STUDIES. – Quarterly periodical, founded in Dublin in 1912 by the Jesuits of the Irish province, with the subtitle An Irish Quarterly Review of Letters,…
Studiorum Ducem Vol. XI, p. 882
« STUDIORUM DUCEM ». - Encyclical of Pio XI (29 June 1923) on s. Tommaso d'Aquino, published on the occasion of the sixth centenary of his canonization (AAS,…
Studites (STUDITI) Vol. XI, p. 883
STUDITI. – Greek monks of the ancient coenobium of Constantinople called Studion (a strange name, whose true form was definitively established by H. Delehaye…
Studium Vol. XI, p. 883
STUDIUM. — Cultural journal, which began publication in 1905 as the organ of the Italian Catholic University Federation (v.). Since 1933 it has been an…
Stumpf, Kilian Vol. XI, p. 883
STUMPF, KILIAN. — Jesuit, missionary, born at Würzburg on 14 September 1655, died at Beijing on 24 July 1720. He entered the Order in 1673 and departed for…
Sture, Sten, the Elder (STURE, STEN, IL VECCHIO) Vol. XI, p. 886
STURE, STEN, the ELDER. — Swedish statesman, born around 1442, died on 14 December 1503 at Jönköping. Related on his mother’s side to King Karl Knutsson, he…
Sture, Sten, the Younger (STURE, STEN, IL GIOVANE) Vol. XI, p. 886
STURE, STEN, il GIOVANE. — Swedish political figure, born ca. 1493, died 3 February 1520. The son of Svante Nilsson, who after Sten Sture the Elder had been…
Sturla, Luigi Vol. XI, p. 887
STURLA, LUIGI. - Born in Genova on 27 Aug. 1805, died there on 19 Apr. 1865. Former apostolic prefect of Aden. A priest of great piety and zeal, a friend of…
Sturm und Drang Vol. XI, p. 887
STURM UND DRANG. — Literary movement of German youth around 1770–80, so called after a drama by Klinger (1776). It drew its impetus from English…
Sturm, Johann Vol. XI, p. 887
STURM, JOHANN. – Humanist and educationalist, born at Schleiden (Eifel) on 1 October 1507, died at Strasbourg on 3 March 1589. A Catholic, he received a…
Stutz, Ulrich Vol. XI, p. 888
STUTZ, ULRICH. – Jurist, b. in Zurigo on 5 May 1868, d. in Berlino on 6 July 1938. He received his doctorate in law in 1892 at the University of Berlino; in…
Styger, Paul Vol. XI, p. 888
STYGER, PAUL. — Archaeologist, born at Schwyz (Switzerland) on 27 September 1889 and died at Lucerne on 14 May 1939. After six years of study at the Maria-Hilf…
Stylite (from Greek στύλος « column ») (STILITA (DAL GRECO ΣΤΎΛΟΣ « COLONNA »)) Vol. XI, p. 807
STILITA (from the Greek στύλος “column”). — An anchorite who lived on top of a column. Almost entirely unknown in the West, stylites were fairly numerous in…
Stöckl, Albert Vol. XI, p. 817
STÖCKL, ALBERT. — Neo-Scholastic philosopher and theologian, born on 15 March 1823 at Möhren (Middle Franconia), died at Eichstätt on 15 November 1895. He…
Stöcklein, Joseph Vol. XI, p. 817
STÖCKLEIN, JOSEPH. — Jesuit, military chaplain, missiologist, born in Öttingen (Bavaria) on 30 July 1676, died in Graz on 28 December 1733. Having entered the…