S

1,649 articles · 138 under So · English index · Indice italiano

Soareth, Jean, Blessed (SORETH, JEAN, BEATO) Vol. XI, p. 591
SORETH, JEAN, blessed. – Carmelite General, born in Caen in 1394–95, died at Angers in 1471. Appointed to teach the Bible and the Sentences at the University…
Soave, Francesco Vol. XI, p. 496
SOAVE, FRANCESCO. — Scholar and philosopher, born in Lugano on 10 June 1743, died in Pavia on 17 January 1806. A Somascan religious, he devoted his life to…
Soba (Heb. Ṣābhāh, Ṣābhā', LXX Σοφά,-᾿Αλ) (SOBA (EBR. ṢĀBHĀH, ṢĀBHĀ', SETTANTA ΣΟΦΆ,-ἈΛ)) Vol. XI, p. 496
SOBA (Hebr. Ṣābhāh, Ṣābhāʾ, Septuagint Σοφά,-ἀλ). — Aramaic kingdom (more precisely Aram [v.] of S.) northwest of Damascus, in the valley of the Nahr…
Sobna (Heb. Šebhnā', LXX Σόφυζε) (SOBNA (EBR. ŠEBHNĀ', SETTANTA ΣΌΦΥΖΕ)) Vol. XI, p. 496
SOBNA (Heb. Šebhnā', Septuagint Σόφυζε). - Steward of the royal household of Judah and prime minister (cf. II Chron. 26:21 etc.) in the time of Ezechia…
Sobrai, Diocese of (SOBRAI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 496
SOBRAI, DIOCESIS of. — City and diocese in the State of Ceará, Brazil. It has an area of 48,200 sq. km. and a population of 783,981 inhabitants, of whom…
Social Assistance (ASSISTENZA SOCIALE) Vol. II, p. 131
SOCIAL ASSISTANCE. — It is difficult to find a satisfactory definition of a. or social service. The definition is either too broad and ends up encompassing all…
Social Economic Union (UNIONE ECONOMICA SOCIALE) Vol. XII, p. 516
UNIONE ECONOMICA SOCIALE. — Italian Catholic institution coordinating numerous economic and social works among Italian Catholics, established after the…
Social Insurance (ASSICURAZIONI SOCIALI) Vol. II, p. 124
SOCIAL INSURANCE. — The complex activity through which the State exercises its function of protecting workers’ interests proceeds along two distinct lines: on…
Social Justice (GIUSTIZIA SOCIALE) Vol. VI, p. 519
GIUSTIZIA SOCIALE. – A new and very frequent expression, born of the vague unease arising from something lacking in modern society and from the feverish…
Social Legislation (LEGISLAZIONE SOCIALE) Vol. VII, p. 651
LEGISLAZIONE SOCIALE. - La l. s., in senso convenzionale e ristretto (poiché in senso lato ogni legislazione, di natura sua, può dirsi sociale), è comunemente…
Social Medicine (MEDICINA SOCIALE) Vol. VIII, p. 360
MEDICINA SOCIALE. — This is that branch of medicine which aims to remedy the harmful consequences that factors of a physical, chemical, biological, or cultural…
Social Modernism (MODERNISMO SOCIALE) Vol. VIII, p. 722
SOCIAL MODERNISM. — By analogy with dogmatic Modernism, one may call s. m. that movement of ideas and activities which, with regard to political and…
Social Psychology (PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE) Vol. X, p. 161
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. — This is the branch of general psychology that primarily studies two orders of phenomena: 1) the interferences and conflicts among social…
Social Questions (QUESTIONI SOCIALI) Vol. X, p. 244
QUESTIONI SOCIALI. – “Social” is a term in common use, always employed to indicate what relates to society. In the Middle Ages, people spoke of the pactum…
Social Security (SICUREZZA SOCIALE) Vol. XI, p. 336
SOCIAL SECURITY. — This is the formulation of a series of plans and measures intended to maintain social peace and the common welfare. The meanings of the term…
Social Weeks (SETTIMANE SOCIALI) Vol. XI, p. 284
SETTIMANE SOCIALI. – A characteristic type of conference for the study and dissemination of social Catholicism, first held in France in 1903 through the…
Socialism (SOCIALISMO) Vol. XI, p. 496
SOCIALISM. - The terms "socialism," "collectivism," and "communism" denote a set of socio-economic systems that attribute ownership of material goods to the…
Socialization (SOCIALIZZAZIONE) Vol. XI, p. 505
SOCIALIZATION. — A general term designating the aims and method proper to the socialist and communist economic schools, directed toward the practical abolition…
Society (SOCIETÀ) Vol. XI, p. 506
SOCIETÀ. - From the Latin socius, the term s. was initially used in Roman law to denote universitas personarum (also called ordines, sodalicia, collegia,…
Society for Foreign Missions of Quebec (SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DI QUÉBEC) Vol. XI, p. 524
SOCIETY FOR THE FOREIGN MISSIONS OF QUÉBEC. – It was founded on 2 February 1921 by the episcopate of the province of Québec. It is a Society without vows whose…
Society for the Foreign Missions of the United States of America (Maryknoll) (SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DEGLI STATI UNITI D'AMERICA (DI MARYKNOLL)) Vol. XI, p. 523
SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DEGLI STATI UNITI D'AMERICA (di MARYKNOLL). — Founded on 27 April 1911 by the episcopate of the United States of America and…
Society of African Missions (SOCIETÀ DELLE MISSIONI AFRICANE) Vol. XI, p. 518
SOCIETÀ DELLE MISSIONI AFRICANE. - It was established on 8 Dec. 1856 at Lyons by Msgr. Melchiorre de Marion-Brésillac, who from 1846 to 1855 had been apostolic…
Society of Biblical Studies (BIBLICHE, SOCIETÀ) Vol. II, p. 919
BIBLICHE, SOCIETÀ – The most important are the following: I. BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY (B.F.B.S.). – Before 1804, several Protestant societies had been…
Society of Christian Archaeology Scholars in Rome (CULTORI DELLA ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA IN ROMA, SOCIETÀ DEI) Vol. IV, p. 621
SOCIETY OF CULTIVATORS OF CHRISTIAN ARCHAEOLOGY IN ROME. — Established by Fr. Luigi Bruzza and G. B. De Rossi on 12 December 1875 to prepare, train, and…
Society of Christian Retreat (Nîmes) (SOCIETÀ DEL RITIRO CRISTIANO (NIMES)) Vol. XI, p. 520
SOCIETY OF CHRISTIAN RETREAT (NIMES). – Founded in 1789 in the diocese of Besançon as a society without vows by the venerable Antonio Silvestro Receveur.…
Society of Friends (AMICI, SOCIETÀ DEGLI) Vol. I, p. 655
AMICI, SOCIETÀ degli: v. QUACCHERI.
Society of Friends (FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF) Vol. V, p. 1064
FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF: v. QUACCHERI.
Society of Mary (Marianists) (SOCIETÀ DI MARIA (MARIANISTI)) Vol. XI, p. 520
SOCIETÀ DI MARIA (MARIANISTS). — Religious congregation founded in Bordeaux in 1817 by G. G. Chaminade (v.). The Institute’s first seven members—two clerics,…
Society of Mary (Marists) (SOCIETÀ DI MARIA (MARISTI)) Vol. XI, p. 523
SOCIETÀ DI MARIA (MARISTS). - Religious congregation founded at Belley by the Venerable Jean-Claude Colin (v.) on 22 June 1825 for the work of parish missions,…
Society of Mary Reparatrix (SOCIETÀ DI MARIA RIPARATRICE) Vol. XI, p. 523
SOCIETÀ DI MARIA RIPARATRICE. - Religious institute founded in Paris in 1855 by the Servant of God Maria di Gesù (Emilia d'Oultremont) under the guidance of…
Society of Saint Columban for the Chinese Missions (SOCIETÀ DI SAN COLOMBANO PER LE MISSIONI CINESI) Vol. XI, p. 523
SOCIETY OF ST. COLUMBAN FOR THE CHINESE MISSIONS. - It was founded by Rev. Edoardo Galvin and Fr. Blowick in 1918 at Dalgan Park (Ireland). Its purpose is to…
Society of Saint Paul (PIA SOCIETÀ SAN PAOLO) Vol. IX, p. 802
PIA SOCIETÀ SAN PAOLO. - A clerical religious congregation of simple vows, with two classes of members: clerics and laymen. It arose in Alba (Cuneo) on 20 Aug.…
Society of the Catholic Apostolate (Pallottines) (SOCIETÀ DELL'APOSTOLATO CATTOLICO (PALLOTTINI)) Vol. XI, p. 517
SOCIETÀ DELL'APOSTOLATO CATTOLICO (PALLOTTINI). - An exempt priestly society without vows, founded in Rome on 4 Apr. 1835 by the Blessed Vincenzo Pallotti.…
Society of the Daughters of Saint Francis de Sales (Paris) (SOCIETÀ DELLE FIGLIE DI SAN FRANCESCO DI SALES (PARIGI)) Vol. XI, p. 517
SOCIETÀ DELLE FIGLIE DI SAN FRANCESCO DI SALES (PARIGI). - Founded in Paris in 1872 by Abbé Chaumont and Ven. Carré de Molberg. It received pontifical approval…
Society of the Divine Heart of Jesus (Breslau) (SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN CUORE DI GESÙ (BRESLAVIA)) Vol. XI, p. 514
SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN CUORE DI GESÙ (BRESLAVIA). — Founded in Breslavia in 1907 by Gabriella Klausa, as a society without vows. The Institute’s special purpose is…
Society of the Divine Saviour (S.D.S.) (SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN SALVATORE (S. D. S.)) Vol. XI, p. 514
SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN SALVATORE (S. D. S.). — Religious congregation of simple vows, founded in Rome by Fr. Francesco Maria della Croce Jordan (v.) on 8 December…
Society of the Divine Word (Verbits) (SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN VERBO (VERBITI)) Vol. XI, p. 514
SOCIETÀ DEL DIVIN VERBO (VERBITI). – Religious congregation composed of priests and coadjutor brothers, founded at Steyl (Holland) on 8 September 1875 by…
Society of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Dames of the Sacred Heart [Rome]) (SOCIETÀ DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ (DAME DEL SACRO CUORE [ROMA])) Vol. XI, p. 520
SOCIETY OF THE SACRED HEART OF JESUS (LADIES OF THE SACRED HEART [ROME]). - It arose at Amiens at the beginning of the eighteenth century, but the General…
Society Without Public Vows (SOCIETÀ SENZA VOTI PUBBLICI) Vol. XI, p. 526
SOCIETIES WITHOUT PUBLIC VOWS. — I. NOTION. — They are defined by the CIC in can. 637 § 1 as follows: “Societies of men or women in which the members imitate…
Socini (Sozzini), Lelio and Fausto (SOCINI (SOZZINI), LELIO E FAUSTO) Vol. XI, p. 527
SOCINI (SOZZINI), LELIO and FAUSTO. – Sienese heretics who gave their name to the radical Protestant current of the “Antitrinitarians” or “Unitarians,” which…
Sociologism (SOCIOLOGISMO) Vol. XI, p. 530
SOCIOLOGISMO: V. SOCIETÀ.
Sociology (SOCIOLOGIA) Vol. XI, p. 528
SOCIOLOGY. — The term s. was first used by A. Comte (Cours de philos. posit., IV, lecture 47, Paris 1839, p. 252) to designate the positive study of the laws…
Socrates (SOCRATE) Vol. XI, p. 530
SOCRATES. - A philosopher among the greatest of ancient Greece and one of the greatest personalities of all time. Born in Athens in 469 B.C. to the sculptor…
Sodality of Saint Peter Claver (SODALIZIO DI SAN PIETRO CLAVER) Vol. XI, p. 532
SODALIZIO DI SAN PIETRO CLAVER. – It is a pious auxiliary society for the African missions. It was founded by the servant of God Maria Teresa Ledóchowska (v.)…
Soden, Hermann Freiherr von Vol. XI, p. 535
SODEN, HERMANN FREIHERR von. – New Testament critic, born in Cincinnati (United States) on 16 August 1852, died in Berlin on 15 January 1914. He attended the…
Soderini, Edoardo Vol. XI, p. 535
SODERINI, EDOARDO. — Italian politician, born in Rome on 22 November 1853, died there on 15 May 1934. Deeply devoted to the Holy See, he was among the most…
Soderini, Francesco Vol. XI, p. 536
SODERINI, FRANCESCO. — Cardinal, born in Florence in 1453, died in Rome on 17 May 1524. He was a familiar of Sixtus IV when, at the age of 24, he was appointed…
Sodom and Gomorrah (SODOMA E GOMORRA) Vol. XI, p. 536
SODOMA AND GOMORRA. – Names of the first two cities of the Pentapolis (v.), destroyed by divine justice on account of the inhabitants’ lust and unnatural vices…
Sodoma, Giovanni Antonio Bazzi, called Il (SODOMA, GIOVANNI ANTONIO BAZZI, DETTO IL) Vol. XI, p. 536
SODOMA, GIOVANNI ANTONIO BAZZI, known as il. — Painter, born in Vercelli in 1477, died in Siena on 15 February 1549. At the age of thirteen he was apprenticed…
Soglia Ceroni, Giovanni Vol. XI, p. 549
SOGLIA CERONI, GIOVANNI. — Cardinal, born at Casola Valsenio on 11 October 1779, died at Osimo on 12 August 1856. While still young, he became secretary of the…
Sohag (SOHÄG) Vol. XI, p. 551
SOHÄG. — Locality in Middle Egypt, near which stand the two most important monuments of Christian architecture in the Nile Valley, still fairly well preserved…
Sohm, Rudolf Vol. XI, p. 552
SOHM, RUDOLF. – Protestant jurist, born on 29 October 1841 in Rostock, died on 16 May 1917 in Leipzig. Having become extraordinary professor at the University…
Soissons, Diocese of (SOISSONS, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 552
SOISSONS, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese in the department of Aisne in France. S. is ancient Noviodunum, center of the Gallic tribe of the Suessiones, later…
Sojo de Anguera, Carmen de Vol. XI, p. 553
SOJO de ANGUERA, CARMEN de. - Of the Secular Carmelite Third Order, born at Reus (province of Tarragona) on 15 Oct. 1856, died at Barcelona on 15 Aug. 1890.…
Solages, Henri de Vol. XI, p. 553
SOLAGES, HENRI de. — Missionary of S. Vincenzo de' Paoli, born in France in 1786, died in Madagascar in 1832. Appointed apostolic prefect of the island of…
Solar Cycle (CICLO SOLARE) Vol. III, p. 924
SOLAR CYCLE. - This is the improperly given name for a period of 28 solar years (Latin circulus solis, French cycle solaire, German Sonnenzyklus), after which…
Solar System (SOLARE, SISTEMA) Vol. XI, p. 553
SOLARE, SISTEMA. — It is the ensemble comprising the Sun and the celestial bodies (planets and their satellites, minor planets, comets, and several numerous…
Solar Theology (TEOLOGIA SOLARE) Vol. XI, p. 1188
SOLAR THEOLOGY. — Solar theology is the final form assumed by the religious thought of Greco-Roman paganism before its definitive decline. The four fundamental…
Solari (Solario), Cristoforo detto Il Gobbo Vol. XI, p. 559
SOLARI (SOLARIO), CRISTOFORO called IL GOBBO. — Milanese sculptor and architect, born around 1460, died, according to some, at Vigevano in 1525, according to…
Solari, Benedetto Vol. XI, p. 559
SOLARI, BENEDETTO. — Dominican bishop, b. at Chiavari on 9 March 1742, d. at Genoa on 13 April 1814. He entered the Dominican Order at a young age and was…
Solari, Luigi Maria Vol. XI, p. 560
SOLARI, LUIGI MARIA. - Servant of God, b. at Chiavari into an illustrious family, 13 May 1795, d. at Benevento, 17 Aug. 1829. He studied at Savona in the…
Solari, Pietro Antonio Vol. XI, p. 560
SOLARI, PIETRO ANTONIO. - Son of Guiniforte, Lombard architect and sculptor. He is documented from 1446; he died in Moscow in 1493. In 1476 he entered the…
Solario, Andrea Vol. XI, p. 560
SOLARIO, ANDREA. — Painter, born in Milan between 1458 and 1460, the younger brother of Cristoforo, whom he followed to Venice around 1490. The earliest works…
Solario, Antonio detto Lo Zingaro Vol. XI, p. 561
SOLARIO, ANTONIO known as lo ZINGARO. - Painter, active in the last decade of the fifteenth century and the early years of the sixteenth. In his works he…
Solaro della Margarita, Clemente Vol. XI, p. 561
SOLARO DELLA MARGARITA, CLEMENTE. — Piedmontese politician and diplomat, born on 21 November 1792 in Cuneo, died on 12 November 1869 in Turin. From October…
Solesmes, Abbey of Saint Peter of (SOLESMES, ABBAZIA DI SAN PIETRO DI) Vol. XI, p. 562
SOLESMES, ABBEY OF SAN PIETRO. — Monastery founded in 1010 in Maine (France) by Goffredo di Sablé, with the assistance of Benedictine monks sent from the abbey…
Solicitation (SOLLECITAZIONE) Vol. XI, p. 564
SOLLECITAZIONE. — S. in the generic sense, in the ethical sphere, is synonymous with seduction (v.) or incitement (v.), to which the principles of cooperation…
Solidarity (SOLIDARIETÀ) Vol. XI, p. 563
SOLIDARIETÀ. — A term deriving from Roman law, where the joint obligation, or in solidum, denoted an obligation involving a plurality of parties (creditors or…
Solimena, Francesco Vol. XI, p. 564
SOLIMENA, FRANCESCO. — Known as the abbot Ciccio, painter and architect, b. at Canale di Serino (Avellino) on 4 October 1657, d. at Barra near Naples on 5…
Soljarskij, Paul Vol. XI, p. 564
SOLJARSKIJ, PAUL. – Dissident theologian, b. at Vladimir on the Kijasma in 1803 and d. in Petersburg on 4 May 1890. He is the author of the most extensive…
Solmi, Arrigo Vol. XI, p. 566
SOLMI, ARRIGO. — Historian of law, born in Finale Emilia on 27 January 1873, died in Rome on 5 March 1944. A proponent of the sociological approach, with a…
Solminihac, Alain de, Venerable (SOLMINIHAC, ALAIN DE, VENERABILE) Vol. XI, p. 566
SOLMINIHAC, ALAIN de, venerable. — Bishop of Cahors, one of the restorers of French Catholic life in the 17th century, born on 25 November 1593 in the…
Solomon (SALOMONE) Vol. X, p. 1001
SALOMONE - Ferrarese miniature (second half of the 15th century), attributed to Guglielmo Giraldi Magri or del Magro - Cleveland (Ohio), Museum of Fine Arts.…
Solomon Islands Northern Apostolic Vicariate (SALOMONE SETTENTRIONALI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE) Vol. X, p. 1004
NORTHERN SOLOMONS, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of the ISLANDS. - It comprises the islands of Bougainville, Choiseul, Shortland, and Buka, together with the few…
Solomon, Son of Isaac (SALOMONE, FIGLIO DI ISACCO) Vol. X, p. 1004
SALOMONE, figlio di ISACCO: v. RAŠI.
Solovki Vol. XI, p. 567
SOLOVKI. - The name by which the celebrated Russian monastery, formerly “stauropegial,” in the Solovjeckij archipelago (White Sea, north of Archangelsk), is…
Solovyov, Vladimir Sergeevich (SOLOV'EV, VLADIMIR SERGHĚEVIČ) Vol. XI, p. 567
SOLOV'EV, VLADIMIR SERGHĚEVIČ. – The greatest Russian philosopher, born on 16 (28) January 1853 in Moscow, died on 31 July (13 August) 1900 near Moscow. He…
Solsona, Diocese of (SOLSONA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 568
SOLSONA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese of Spain. It extends across the civil provinces of Lerida and Barcelona, with an area of 4,000 sq. km.; it has 200,000…
Somaglia, Giulio della Vol. XI, p. 568
SOMAGLIA, GIULIO della: v. DELLA SOMAGLIA, GIULIO MARIA.
Somalia Vol. XI, p. 568
SOMALIA. – S. corresponds to the triangular projection of eastern Africa bounded by the Gulf of Aden, the Indian Ocean, and the course of the Juba. I.…
Somaschi Vol. XI, p. 570
SOMASCHI. – Religious order founded for the care of orphans by the Venetian patrician St. Girolamo Emiliani (or Miani [v.]) in 1528, in the parish of S.…
Sombart, Werner Vol. XI, p. 571
SOMBART, WERNER. — Protestant sociologist, born at Ermsleben (Harz) on 19 January 1863, died in Berlin on 18 May 1941. He studied at the Universities of Pisa,…
Somigli, Teodosio Vol. XI, p. 572
SOMIGLI, TEODOSIO. – Franciscan Friar, in the world Scipione, born on 18 July 1864 in the parish of Sandetole in the Municipality of Dicomano (Florence). He…
Somme Vol. XI, p. 572
SOMME. — The term “Summa” had numerous meanings in the Middle Ages: from that of a very extensive encyclopedic compilation (the scientific output of s. Alberto…
Sommervoegel, Charles (SOMMERVOGEL, CHARLES) Vol. XI, p. 577
SOMMERVOGEL, CHARLES. – Jesuit, bibliographer, born in Strasbourg on 8 January 1834, died in Paris on 11 May 1902. He entered the Order in 1853 and was…
Somnambulism (SONNAMBULISMO) Vol. XI, p. 578
SONNAMBULISMO: v. IPNOTISMO.
Son of God (FIGLIO DI DIO) Vol. V, p. 772
«SON OF GOD». — This term, in current usage, may designate every creature insofar as it is produced by God and watched over by his providence; or the rational…
Son of Man (FIGLIO DELL'UOMO) Vol. V, p. 772
«FIGLIO DELL'UOMO». — A Semitic expression normally meaning “man.” In Hebrew ben ’ādhām (“s. of m.”) is found in parallelism with ’ādhām or ’ēnās (“man”): Iob…
Soncino (Soncini, Soncinati) Vol. XI, p. 577
SONCINO (SONCINI, SONCINATI). — A forename derived from a locality in the Cremonese area and adopted by a Jewish family of itinerant printers, whose activity,…
Song of Songs (CANTICO DEI CANTICI) Vol. III, p. 384
SONG OF SONGS. – A poetic book of the Bible, included in the third class called the Kethōbhim, or Hagiographa; in the Hebrew Bible, it forms part of the group…
Sonino, Sidney (SONNINO, SIDNEY) Vol. XI, p. 578
SONNINO, SIDNEY. — Statesman, born in Pisa on 11 March 1874, died in Rome on 24 November 1922. After spending seven years (1867–73) in the diplomatic service,…
Sonis, Louis-Gaston de Vol. XI, p. 578
SONIS, LOUIS-GASTON de. - General, b. at Pointe-à-Pitre (Island of Guadeloupe in the French Antilles) on 25 Aug. 1825, d. at Paris on 15 Aug. 1887. Educated at…
Sonnenschein, Carl Vol. XI, p. 578
SONNENSCHEIN, CARL. — German sociologist, born on 15 July 1876 in Düsseldorf, ordained a priest in 1900, died on 20 February 1929 in Berlin. The son of…
Sonora, Diocese of (SONORA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 580
SONORA, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese of the state of the same name in Mexico (North America). It has an area of 180,000 sq km and a population of 400,000…
Sons of Charity of Issy (FIGLI DELLA CARITÀ D'ISSY) Vol. V, p. 756
FIGLI DELLA CARITÀ D'ISSY. — Congregation founded in Paris in 1918 by Fr. Jean-Emil Anizan (b. 1853, d. 1928) for the evangelization of the working classes and…
Sons of Mary Immaculate (FIGLI DI MARIA IMMACOLATA) Vol. V, p. 756
FIGLI DI MARIA IMMACOLATA. - Institute founded in Brescia in 1849 by the Venerable Lodovico Pavoni. In 1819 he had already opened an institute for young…
Sons of Saint Mary Immaculate (FIGLI DI SANTA MARIA IMMACOLATA) Vol. V, p. 756
FIGLI DI SANTA MARIA IMMACOLATA. — Giuseppe Frassinetti, prior of S. Sabina in Genoa, had founded the «Pia Unione dei F. di S. M. I.» in 1861. Although living…
Sons of the Holy Family (FIGLI DELLA SACRA FAMIGLIA) Vol. V, p. 756
SONS OF THE HOLY FAMILY. – A religious congregation founded at Tremp, in Spain, by G. Mañanet y Vives in 1864, for the dissemination of devotion to the Holy…
Sons of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (FIGLI DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ) Vol. V, p. 756
FIGLI DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ. - This Congregation, dependent on the S. Congregazione di Propaganda, is also known by the name of the Institute of the African…
Soochow, Diocese of (SOOCHOW, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XI, p. 580
SOOCHOW, DIOCESE of. - In the southern part of the province of Kiangsu, in central-eastern China. It was erected on 9 June 1949 from 5 civil sub-prefectures of…
Sophia (SOFIA) Vol. XI, p. 538
SOFIA. – Capital city of Bulgaria (v.), so called after the ancient Basilica dedicated to St. Sofia (Sveta Sofija), it is the most populous center of the…
Sophia, Pistis, Elpis and Agape, Saints, Martyrs (SOPHIA, PISTIS, ELPIS E AGAPE, SANTE, MARTIRI) Vol. XI, p. 581
SOPHIA, PISTIS, ELPIS and AGAPE, saints and martyrs. - Unknown to the earliest Roman liturgical documents, they were included by Ado in his Martyrology, whence…
Sophiology (SOFIOLOGIA) Vol. XI, p. 542
SOFIOLOGY. - A philosophical-theological or Gnostic doctrine (v. GNOSI russa contemporanea) of a number of recent Russian thinkers concerning the foundation of…
Sophism (SOFISMA) Vol. XI, p. 543
SOFISMA. – In its primitive usage, σύριαμα (from σοφία, wisdom) denotes every discovery or invention of thought (inventum, scitum). After dialectic, through…
Sophists (SOFISTI) Vol. XI, p. 544
SOFISTS. – Representatives of a vast cultural-philosophical movement that flourished in Greece, particularly at Athens, in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C.…
Sophronius (SOFRONIO) Vol. XI, p. 545
SOFRONIO. – According to s. Girolamo (De vir. illustr., 134), a certain S. wrote in his youth Laudes Bethlehem; later, a book on the destruction of the temple…
Sophronius of Jerusalem, Saint (SOFRONIO DI GERUSALEMME, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 545
SOFRONIO di GERUSALEMME, saint. - Born in Damascus c. 560, died in Jerusalem on 11 March 638. A monk in Jerusalem, he accompanied Giovanni Mosco (v.) to Egypt…
Sophronius, Bishop of Pompeiopolis (SOFRONIO, VESCOVO DI POMPEIOPOLI) Vol. XI, p. 546
SOFRONIO, bishop of POMPEIOPOLI. - Homoiousian bishop of the fourth century. According to the catalogues known to Michele Le Quien, S. would be the first known…
Sora Vol. XI, p. 586
SORA: v. AQUINO, SORA, PONTECORVO, DIOCESI di.
Sordello Vol. XI, p. 586
SORDELLO. - Italian troubadour, born at Goito c. 1200, died c. 1269. After an adventurous and turbulent youth (at the behest of her brother, Ezzelino III da…
Sordi, Domenico and Serafino (SORDI, DOMENICO E SERAFINO) Vol. XI, p. 586
SORDI, DOMENICO and SERAFINO. — Two of the five Piacenzan S. brothers, all Jesuits, who distinguished themselves through their contribution to the renewal of…
Sordini, Caterina Vol. XI, p. 586
SORDINI, CATERINA. - In religion Maria Maddalena dell'Incarnazione, foundress of the Perpetual Adorers of the Most Blessed Sacrament, b. at Porto S. Stefano…
Sorel, Georges Vol. XI, p. 590
SOREL, GEORGES. — French sociologist, born in Cherbourg on 2 November 1847, died in Boulogne-sur-Seine on 30 August 1922. For several years he practised the…
Soriano al Cimino, Cemetery of (SORIANO AL CIMINO, CIMITERO DI) Vol. XI, p. 591
SORIANO AL CIMINO, CIMITERO di. – The medieval Surrianum at the foothills of the Monti Cimini (province of Viterbo) derives from the Etruscan Surrius vetus,…
Sorites (SORITE) Vol. XI, p. 591
SORITE: v. SILLOGISMO.
Sosipater (Σωσίπατρος, volg. Sosipater) (SOSIPATRO (ΣΩΣΊΠΑΤΡΟΣ, VOLG. SOSIPATER)) Vol. XI, p. 595
SOSIPATRO (Σωσίπατρος, Vulg. Sosipater). – Collaborator of St. Paul in missionary activity. His name is found among those who send greetings in the Letter to…
Sosthenes (Σοσθένης, Sosthenes) (SOSTENE (ΣΟΣΘΈΝΕΣ, SOSTHENES)) Vol. XI, p. 598
SOSTENE (Σοσθένες, Sosthenes). — In the New Testament this name occurs twice; but it is uncertain whether it refers to the same person or merely to a namesake.…
Soterus, Pope, Saint (SOTERO, PAPA, SANTO) Vol. XI, p. 599
SOTER, POPE, saint. — He succeeded Anicetus, and his pontificate is to be placed approximately between 166 and 175. According to Eusebius (Hist. eccl., V, 19),…
Soto, Andreas de Vol. XI, p. 599
SOTO, ANDREAS de. – Franciscan theologian, b. at S. Facundo in Castile in 1552 or 1553, d. in the Recollect Convent at Brussels on 5 April 1625. He went to the…
Soto, Domingo de Vol. XI, p. 599
SOTO, DOMINGO de. — Dominican theologian, born at Segovia in 1495, died at Salamanca on 15 November 1560. Initially professor of philosophy at Alcalá…
Soto, Francisco Vol. XI, p. 600
SOTO, FRANCISCO. – Oratorian, born in Osma (Spain) in 1536, died in Rome in 1619. Having come to Rome, he demonstrated his outstanding musical abilities and…
Soto, Pedro de Vol. XI, p. 600
SOTO, PEDRO de. - Dominican theologian, b. at Alcalá c. 1495, d. at Trento on 20 Apr. 1563. He entered religious life at Salamanca (30 March 1518). A zealous…
Soubiran, Marie-Thérèse de, Blessed (SOUBIRAN, MARIE-THÉRÈSE DE, BEATA) Vol. XI, p. 600
SOUBIRAN, MARIE-THÉRÈSE de, Blessed. - In the world Sofia Agostina, founder of the Society of Mary Help of Christians, b. at Castelnauadary (diocese of…
Soul (ANIMA) Vol. I, p. 789
SOUL. - “The soul is the principle by which we first live, feel, and understand” (Aristotle, De anima, II, 2, 414a, 12-13). SUMMARY: I. Doctrine of the soul –…
Soul (ANIMA) Vol. I, p. 811
ANIMA — The blessed soul. Sculpture by G. L. Bernini for the Montoja tomb — Rome, church of S. Maria in Monserrato. The pseudo-Bede’s De Elementis…
Soul, Recommendation Of The (ANIMA, RACCOMANDAZIONE DELL') Vol. I, p. 816
ANIMA, RACCOMANDAZIONE DELL'. — The Roman Ritual, tit. V, chap. VII, contains several liturgical prayers with which the Church accompanies the souls of the…
Soulas, André Vol. XI, p. 601
SOULAS, ANDRÉ. — Priest, founder of the Sisters of Our Lord for the care of the sick, born at Viols-le-Fort (diocese of Montpellier) on 25 February 1808, died…
Sources of Law (FONTI DEL DIRITTO) Vol. V, p. 892
SOURCES OF LAW. — The expression is to be understood in two senses: a distinction is made, in fact, between sources of production (fontes existendi) and…
Sources of Morality (FONTI DELLA MORALITÀ) Vol. V, p. 893
FONTI DELLA MORALITÀ. - In the generic sense, the remote and universal causes on which the character and moral evaluation of human acts depend are sometimes…
Sousa, Luis de (Manuel de Sousa Coutinho) Vol. XI, p. 601
SOUSA, LUIS DE (MANUEL DE SOUSA COUTINHO). – Portuguese historian, born in Santarém, lived from 1555 to 1632. His work, which deals with political and…
South Tyrol (ALTO ADIGE) Vol. I, p. 571
ALTO ADIGE. — 1. GEOGRAPHY. — Name given (by E. Tolomei in 1906) to the basin of the river upstream from the Salorno narrows, which, in its present…
Southern Solomon Islands, Apostolic Vicariate of the (SALOMONE MERIDIONALI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE) Vol. X, p. 1004
SOUTHERN SOLOMONS, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE OF THE ISLANDS. – It forms part of central Melanesia. On 27 July 1897, the Apostolic Prefecture of the British Solomon…
Southwell (Bacon), Nathaniel (SOUTHWELL (BACON), NATHANAEL) Vol. XI, p. 602
SOUTHWELL (BACON), NATHANAEL. – Jesuit writer and bibliographer, born in Norfolk in 1598, died in Rome on 2 December 1676. From 1617 to 1622 he was a student…
Southwell, Robert, Blessed (SOUTHWELL, ROBERT, BEATO) Vol. XI, p. 602
SOUTHWELL, ROBERT, blessed. — Jesuit, poet, and martyr, b. at Horsham St. Faith’s (Norfolk) in 1561, d. in London on 21 February 1595. Educated as a Catholic…
Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SOVRANO MILITARE ORDINE DI MALTA) Vol. XI, p. 609
SOVRANO MILITARE ORDINE DI MALTA. — It is the oldest, most illustrious, and most deserving of the chivalric orders (v.) and traces its origins to the quarter…
Sovereignty (SOVRANITÀ) Vol. XI, p. 607
SOVRANITÀ. - Since the middle of the last century, the concept of s. has become the keystone of the modern conception of the State. Yet both its content and…
Sozomen (SOZOMENO) Vol. XI, p. 610
SOZOMENO. - Salamanes Hermias, according to Photius (Bibl., 30). Ecclesiastical historian, born of a Christian family in the village of Bethelia near Gaza and…
Söderblom, Nathan Vol. XI, p. 535
SÖDERBLOM, NATHAN. - Lutheran bishop of Uppsala and primate of the Swedish Lutheran Church, born at Trönö (Söderhamm) on 15 Jan. 1866, died at Uppsala on 12…