LUBLINO (LUBLIN), DIOCESI DI - Enciclopedia Cattolica, Vol. VII, p. 958

Machine translation of the 1948–1954 Italian original. The original text is authoritative.

LUBLIN (LUBLIN), DIOCESE OF

In Poland, suffragan of Warsaw. By a brief of Pius VI dated 20 July 1790, the diocese of Chełm (Culm, known since 1254) was enlarged with part of the diocese of Cracow and the episcopal see was transferred to Lublin. From that year until 1827, the bishops bore the title of bishops of Chełm and Lublin. Pius VII, however, by the bull *Quemadmodum Romanorum*, made Lublin a separate diocese, detaching it from the dioceses of Chełm, Łuck, Cracow, Poznań and Płock, and by another bull *Ex imoesta nobis* (2 July 1818) detached part of it to found the diocese of Podlasie (v. SIEDLCE). Lublin is suffragan of Warsaw. The first bishop was Maciej Garnysz, d. 1790.

It has an area of 16,904 sq. km, with 1,113,000 Catholics and 244 parishes, served by 502 diocesan priests and 56 regulars; in addition, it has 33 priests in the dioceses of Lwów, Łuck, Pińsk, Wilno, occupied by the Soviets, and in other dioceses. It has 10 male religious houses and 76 female; 3 male and 2 female institutes of education; 97 institutions of charity and care; 2 seminaries. Pilgrimage centres: Krasnobród, Radecznica, Chełm-Górka.

Notable churches are: St Nicholas, 10th cent., rebuilt in the 17th; St Stanislaus, 1342; the Holy Trinity, Gothic, 1395; Our Lady of Victory, founded to commemorate the Polish-Lithuanian victory over the Teutonic Order at Grunwald on 15 July 1410. At Zamość there is an academy, a branch of that of Cracow, founded in 1593 by Chancellor Jan Zamoyski (1541–1605), suppressed in 1784 by the Austrian government after the partition of Poland. At Chełm is the cathedral church of St John Chrysostom, 13th cent., rebuilt in the 18th, in which is venerated a miraculous image of the Madonna, a gift of John Casimir, king of Poland (1648–68).

BIBL.: A. Theiner, *Vetera monumenta Poloniae et Lithuaniae*, I, Rome 1860, pp. 58, 73, 261, 675, 713; J. Długosz, *Opera omnia*, VI, Cracow 1887, p. 573; A. Bielowski, *Monumenta Poloniae historica*, II, Leopoli 1872, p. 518; P. Lescouer, *L'Église catholique en Pologne sous le gouvernement russe*, Paris 1876; Ks. E. Likowski, *Dzieje Kościoła Unickiego na Litwie i Rusi w XVIII i XIX wieku*, II, Warsaw 1906, pp. 137–260; Ks. J. Ambroży Wadowski, *Kościoły Lubelskie*, Cracow 1907, pp. 39–101, 207–356, 407–492; M. Bobrzyński, *Dzieje Polski w zarysie*, I, Warsaw 1927, pp. 202–209; II, ibid. 1927, pp. 77–80; A. M. Ammann, *Storia della Chiesa russa e dei paesi limitrofi*, Turin 1948 (passim, V. index).

CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY

It was founded on the decision taken by the Polish episcopate, under the presidency of Msgr Achille Ratti (later Pius XI), on 27 July 1918, opened on 9 December of the same year, canonically erected by the Holy See on 2 July 1920. The Polish state recognized its statutes in 1928 and the degrees it conferred in 1933. Under the successive rectorships of Rev. Idzi Radziszewski, Fr Giacinto Woroniecki and Msgr Antoni Szymanski it enjoyed a flourishing development and in 1939, with its five faculties (philosophy, letters, theology, civil and canon law), it had 70 professors and lecturers, 1,400 students, institutes and libraries, and was preparing to open a faculty of medicine.

All was interrupted by the Second World War: all the professors were arrested and some shot; in 1942 the teaching assistants who remained free resumed clandestine teaching until 1943, when the vice-rector Rev. Surdacki was shot.

Article illustration — (courtesy of Fr U. Serant)
Lubienski, Bernardo – Portrait.

After the withdrawal of German troops from Poland, the surviving professors elected (2 Aug. 1944) Rev. Antoni Słomkowski as rector; on 23 Aug. the Senate of the University was constituted; on 3 Nov. 1944 teaching resumed with only 23 professors and lecturers. In 1946 the number of professors and lecturers had risen to 70. The University now has faculties of philosophy, theology and canon law.

BIBL.: A. Wojtkowski, *Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski*, in *Ateneum Kapłańskie*, 45 (Włocławek 1946), pp. 202 ff., 300 ff., 411 ff.