LUBLIN (LUBLINO), DIOCESE OF. - In Poland, suffragan of Warsaw. By a brief of Pius VI of 20 July 1790, a part of the diocese of Kraków was added to the diocese of Chelm (Culma, known from 1254) and the episcopal see was transferred to L. From that year until 1827, the bishops held the title of bishops of Chelm and of L. Pius VII, then, with the bull Onemadmodum Romanorum, made L. a separate diocese, detaching it from the dioceses of Chelm, Luceoria, Kraków, Poznań and Plock, and with another bull Ex impozita nobis (2 July 1818), he detached a part of it to found the diocese of Podlachia (v. SHELICZ). L. is a suffragan of Warsaw. The first bishop was Maciej Garnysz, d. 1790.
It has an area of 16,904 sq. km., with 1,113,000 Catholics and 244 parishes, served by 502 diocesan priests and 56 regulars; moreover it has 33 priests in the dioceses of Lwów, Luck, Pinsk, Wilno, occupied by the Soviets, and in other dioceses. It has 10 male and 76 female religious houses; 3 male and 2 female institutes of instruction and education; 97 charitable and care institutions; 2 seminaries. Pilgrimage centers: Krasnobrod, Radecznica, Chelm-Gorka.
Notable churches are: St. Nicholas, of the 10th century, rebuilt in the 17th century; St. Stanislaus, of 1342; the Most Holy Trinity, Gothic, of 1395; Our Lady of the Triumph, founded in memory of the Polish-Lithuanian victory over the Teutonic Order near Grunwald on 15 July 1410. At Zamosc there is an academy, a branch of that of Kraków, founded in 1593 by the Chancellor Jan Zamoński (1541-1605), suppressed in 1784 by the Austrian government after the partition of Poland. At Chelm there is an ex-cathedral church of St. John Chrysostom of the 13th century, rebuilt in the 18th, in which a miraculous image of the Madonna is venerated, a gift of John Casimir, king of Poland (1648-68).
Bibliography9 works
Adam Macieliński
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
It was founded on the basis of a decision taken by the Polish episcopate, under the presidency of Msgr. Achille Ratti, later Pius XI, on 27 July 1918, opened on 9 Dec. of the same year, and canonically erected by the Holy See on 2 July 1920. The Polish State recognized its statute in 1928 and the diplomas and degrees that it conferred in 1933. Under the successive rectors Rev. Idzi Radziszewski, Fr. Giacinto Woroniecki and Msgr. Antonio Szymanski it enjoyed a magnificent development, and in 1939 it counted, for its five Faculties (philosophy, letters, theology, civil and canon law), 70 professors and lecturers, 1400 students, institutes and libraries, and it was preparing to open the Faculty of medicine.
All this was interrupted by the Second World War: all the professors were arrested and in part shot; in 1942 the assistants to the chairs, who had remained at liberty, clandestinely resumed teaching until 1943, when the vice-rector Rev. Surdacki was shot.
After the withdrawal of the German troops from Poland, the professors who remained alive elected (2 Aug. 1944) as rector Rev. Antonio Slomkowski; on 23 Aug. the Senate of the University was constituted; on 3 Nov. 1944 teaching began again with only 23 professors and lecturers. In 1946, the number of professors and lecturers reached the figure of 70. The University currently possesses the Faculties of philosophy, theology and canon law.
Bibliography
Valeriano Mysztovicz