Josias destroyeth idolatry, repaireth the temple, and reneweth the covenant between God and the people.
Iosias destroyeth idolatrie. 8. repaireth the Temple. 14. The booke of the law found in the Temple is redde before him. 19. wherby vnderstanding the sinnes of the people, 23. a prophete foresheweth their punishment, 26. but not in his daies. 29. He reneweth the couenant betwen God and the people.
1Josias was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned one and thirty years in Jerusalem.Otto anni aveva Josia quando cominciò a regnare, e trentun anno regnò in Gerusalemme.EIGHT yeares old was Iosias when he began to reigne, & he reigned thirtie and one yeares in Ierusalem.Octo annorum erat Josias cum regnare cœpisset, et triginta et uno anno regnavit in Jerusalem. 2And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of David his father: he declined not, neither to the right hand, nor to the left.E fece quello, che era retto nel cospetto del Signore; e battè le vie di David suo padre, senza piegare né a destra, né a sinistra.And he did that which was right in the sight of our Lord, and walked in the waies of Dauid his father: he declined not neither to the right hand, nor to the left.Fecitque quod erat rectum in conspectu Domini, et ambulavit in viis David patris sui: non declinavit neque ad dextram, neque ad sinistram. 3And in the eighth year of his reign, when he was yet a boy, he began to seek the God of his father David: and in the twelfth year after he began to reign, he cleansed Juda and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the idols, and the graven things.E l'anno ottavo del suo regno, essendo tuttor giovinetto, cominciò a cercare il Dio ai David suo padre: e l'anno duodecimo, dopo il cominciamento del suo regno, mondò il paese di Giuda, e di Gerusalemme da' luoghi eccelsi, e da boschetti, e simolacri, e statue.And in the eight yeare of his reigne, when he was yet a child, he began to seeke the God of his father Dauid: and the twelfth yeare after he began to reigne, he cleansed Iuda and Ierusalem from excelses, and groues, and idols, & sculptils.Octavo autem anno regni sui, cum adhuc esset puer, cœpit quærere Deum patris sui David: et duodecimo anno postquam regnare cœperat, mundavit Judam et Jerusalem ab excelsis, et lucis, simulacrisque et sculptilibus. 4And they broke down before him the altars of Baalim, and demolished the idols that had been set upon them: and he cut down the groves and the graven things, and broke them in pieces: and strewed the fragments upon the graves of them that had sacrificed to them.E in sua presenza fece distruggere gli altari di Baal, e spezzare gl'idoli, che vi erano stati messi sopra: e atterrò parimente i boschetti, e fracassò le statue; e ne sparse i pezzi sopra i sepolcri di coloro, che ad esse solevano offerir vittime.And they destroyed before him the altars of Baalim, and the idols, that had bene set vpon them, they destroyed: the groues also and sculptils he cut downe and brake in peeces: and ouer their tombes, that were accustomed to immolate vnto them, he strawed the fragmentes.Destruxeruntque coram eo aras Baalim, et simulacra quæ superposita fuerant, demoliti sunt: lucos etiam et sculptilia succidit atque comminuit, et super tumulos eorum qui eis immolare consueverant, fragmenta dispersit.
5And he burnt the bones of the priests on the altars of the idols, and he cleansed Juda and Jerusalem.E le ossa de' sacerdoti bruciò sopra gli altari degl'idoli, e purificò Giuda, e Gerusalemme.Moreouer the bones of the Priestes he burnt on the altars of the idols, and he clensed Iuda and Ierusalem.Ossa præterea sacerdotum combussit in altaribus idolorum, mundavitque Judam et Jerusalem. 6And in the cities of Manasses, and of Ephraim, and of Simeon, even to Nephtali he demolished all.E anche nelle città di Manasse, e di Ephraim, e di Simeon, e di Nephtali distrusse tutte quelle cose.Yea and in the cities of Manasses, and of Ephraim, and of Simeon, vnto Nepthali he ouerthrew al.Sed et in urbibus Manasse, et Ephraim, et Simeon, usque Nephthali, cuncta subvertit. 7And when he had destroyed the altars, and the groves, and had broken the idols in pieces, and had demolished all profane temples throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.E dopo avervi abbattuti gli altari, e i boschetti, e stritolate le statue, e gettati a terra tutti i templi per tutto il paese d'Israele, se ne tornò a Gerusalemme.And when he had destroyed the altars, and the groues, and had broken the idols into peces, and had ouerthrowen al profane temples out of al the land of Israel, he returned into Ierusalem.Cumque altaria dissipasset, et lucos et sculptilia contrivisset in frustra, cunctaque delubra demolitus esset de universa terra Israël, reversus est in Jerusalem. 8Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had cleansed the land, and the temple of the Lord, he sent Saphan the son of Eselias, and Maasias the governor of the city, Joha the son of Joachaz the recorder, to repair the house of the Lord his God.Indi l'anno diciottesimo del suo regno, dopo aver purificato il paese, e il tempio del Signore, mandò Saphan figliuolo di Eselia, e Maasia principe della città, e Joha figliuolo di Joachaz segretario, a fare i risarcimenti al tempio del Signore Dio suo.Therfore in the eightenth yeare of his reigne, the land now clensed, and the temple of our Lord, he sent Saphan the sonne of Eselias, and Maasias the gouernour of the citie, and Ioha the sonne of Ioachaz Commenter, that they should repayre the house of our Lord his God.Igitur anno octavodecimo regni sui, mundata jam terra et templo Domini, misit Saphan filium Eseliæ, et Maasiam principem civitatis, et Joha filium Joachaz a commentariis, ut instaurarent domum Domini Dei sui. 9And they came to Helcias the high priest: and received of him the money which had been brought into the house of the Lord, and which the Levites and porters had gathered together from Manasses, and Ephraim, and all the remnant of Israel, and from all Juda, and Benjamin, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem,E questi andarono a trovare Helcia sommo Sacerdote: e il denaro, che ricevetter da lui (che era stato portato alla casa del Signore, e dai Leviti, e portinaj raccolto dalla tribù di Manasse, e di Ephraim, e da tutto quello, che restava d'Israele, e da tutto Giuda, e Benjamin, e dagli abitanti di Gerusalemme).Who came to Helcias the high priest: and taking of him the money, which had bene brought into the house of our Lord, and which the Leuites and porters had gathered together of Manasses, and Ephraim, and of al the remnant of Israel, of al Iuda also, and Beniamin, and the inhabiters of Ierusalem,Qui venerunt ad Helciam sacerdotem magnum: acceptamque ab eo pecuniam quæ illata fuerat in domum Domini, et quam congregaverant Levitæ, et janitores de Manasse, et Ephraim, et universis reliquiis Israël, ab omni quoque Juda, et Benjamin, et habitatoribus Jerusalem, 10Which they delivered into the hands of them that were over the workmen in the house of the Lord, to repair the temple, and mend all that was weak.Lo misero nelle mani di quelli, che avean la soprintendenza agli operaj, che lavoravano nella casa del Signore, affinchè eglino facesser le riparazioni, del tempio, e rassettassero, dove avesse patito.they deliuered in their handes, that ouersaw the workemen in the house of our Lord, that they should repayre the temple, and mend al weake partes.tradiderunt in manibus eorum qui præerant operariis in domo Domini, ut instaurarent templum, et infirma quæque sarcirent.
11But they gave it to the artificers, and to the masons, to buy stones out of the quarries, and timber for the couplings of the building, and to rafter the houses, which the kings of Juda had destroyed.E quelli ne diedero agli artefici, e ai muratori, perchè comprassero dalle cave le pietre, e le travi per sostenere l'edificio, e pe' tavolati delle fabbriche rovinate dai re di Giuda.But they gaue it to the artificers, and to the masons, that they should bye stones out of the quarries, and timber for the ioyntures of the building, and for making the roofe of the house, which the kinges of Iuda had destroyed.At illi dederunt eam artificibus et cæmentariis, ut emerent lapides de lapicidinis, et ligna ad commissuras ædificii, et ad contignationem domorum quas destruxerant reges Juda. 12And they did all faithfully. Now the overseers of the workmen were Jahath and Abdias of the sons of Merari, Zacharias and Mosollam of the sons of Caath, who hastened the work: all Levites skilful to play on instruments.E quelli facevano il tutto con fedeltà. Ed erano i soprintendenti degli operaj Jahath, e Abdia della stirpe di Merari, Zacharia, e Mosollam della stirpe di Caath, i quali sollecitavano il lavoro: erano tutti Leviti periti di sonare strumenti.Who did al thinges faithfully. And the ouerseers of the workemen were Iahath & Abdias of the children of Merari, Zacharias and Mosollam of the children of Caath, which vrged the worke: al Leuites skilful to sing on instrumentes.Qui fideliter cuncta faciebant. Erant autem præpositi operantium Jahath et Abdias de filiis Merari, Zacharias et Mosollam de filiis Caath, qui urgebant opus: omnes Levitæ scientes organis canere. 13But over them that carried burdens for divers uses, were scribes, and masters of the number of the Levites, and porters.Sopra quelli poi, che portavano i pesi pe' varj bisogni, invigilavano scribi, e portinaj maggiori del numero de' Leviti.But ouer them, that caried burdens to diuerse vses, were scribes, and masters of the Leuites, and porters.Super eos vero qui ad diversos usus onera portabant, erant scribæ, et magistri de Levitis, janitores. 14Now when they carried out the money that had been brought into the temple of the Lord, Helcias the priest found the book of the law of the Lord, by the hand of Moses.Or mentre si cavava fuori il denaro, che era stato portato al tempio del Signore, Helcia sommo Sacerdote trovò il libro della legge del Signore (data) per mano di Mosè.And when they caried forth the money, that had bene brought into the temple of our Lord, Helcias the Priest found the Booke of the law of our Lord, by the hand of Moyses.Cumque efferrent pecuniam quæ illata fuerat in templum Domini, reperit Helcias sacerdos librum legis Domini per manum Moysi.
15And he said to Saphan the scribe: I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord: and he delivered it to him.E disse a Saphan segretario: Ho trovato nella casa del Signore il libro della legge. E glielo diede.And he sayd to Saphan the Scribe: I haue found the booke of the law in the house of our Lord: and deliuered it to him.Et ait ad Saphan scribam: Librum legis inveni in domo Domini: et tradidit ei. 16But he carried the book to the king, and told him, saying: Lo, all that thou hast committed to thy servants, is accomplished.E quegli portò il libro al re, e facendogli la sua relazione, disse: Tutto quello, che è stato da te affidato al ministero de' servi tuoi, si va conducendo a fine.But he brought in the volume to the king, and told him, saying: Al thinges, which thou gauest into the hand of thy seruantes, loe are accomplished.At ille intulit volumen ad regem, et nuntiavit ei, dicens: Omnia quæ dedisti in manu servorum tuorum, ecce complentur. 17They have gathered together the silver that was found in the house of the Lord: and it is given to the overseers of the artificers, and of the workmen, for divers works.Eglino hanno messo insieme il denaro, che si è trovato nella casa del Signore: ed è stato rimesso ai soprintendenti degli artefici, e di quelli, che fanno questo, e quel lavoro.The siluer that was found in the house of our Lord, they haue gathered into a masse: and it was geuen to the ouerseers of the artificers, and of them that make diuerse workes.Argentum quod repertum est in domo Domini, conflaverunt, datumque est præfectis artificum, et diversa opera fabricantium. 18Moreover Helcias the priest gave me this book. And he read it before the king.Oltre a ciò Helcia sommo Sacerdote mi ha dato questo libro. E avendolo egli letto in presenza del re,Moreouer Helcias the Priest deliuered me this booke. Which when he had read in the kinges presence,Præterea tradidit mihi Helcias sacerdos hunc librum. Quem cum rege præsente recitasset, 19And when he had heard the words of the law, he rent his garments:Udite che ebbe questi le parole della legge, stracciò le sue vestimenta:and he had heard the wordes of the law, he rent his garmentes:audissetque ille verba legis, scidit vestimenta sua: 20And he commanded Helcias, and Ahicam the son of Saphan, and Abdon the son of Micha, and Saphan the scribe, and Asaa the king’s servant, saying:E comandò ad Helcia, e ad Ahicam figliuolo di Saphan, e ad Abdon figliuolo di Micha, e a Saphan segretario, e ad Asaa servo del re, e disse:and he commanded Helcias, and Ahicam the sonne of Saphan, and Abdon the sonne of Micha, Saphan also the scribe, and Asaa the kinges seruant, saying:et præcepit Helciæ, et Ahicam filio Saphan, et Abdon filio Micha, Saphan quoque scribæ, et Asaæ servo regis, dicens:
21Go, and pray to the Lord for me, and for the remnant of Israel, and Juda, concerning all the words of this book, which is found: for the great wrath of the Lord hath fallen upon us, because our fathers have not kept the words of the Lord, to do all things that are written in this book.Andate, e pregate il Signore per me, e per gli avanzi d'Israele, e di Giuda per riguardo a tutte le parole di questo libro, che si è trovato: perocché il furor grande del Signore sta per cadere sopra di noi, perchè i padri nostri non hanno osservate le parole del Signore, e non hanno adempiuto tutto quel, che sta scritto in questo libro.Goe, and pray our Lord for me, and for the remnant of Israel, and Iuda, concerning al the wordes of this Booke, which is found: for the great furie of our Lord hath distilled vpon vs, for that our fathers haue not kept the wordes of our Lord, to doe al thinges, that are writen in this volume.Ite, et orate Dominum pro me, et pro reliquiis Israël et Juda, super universis sermonibus libri istius, qui repertus est: magnus enim furor Domini stillavit super nos, eo quod non custodierint patres nostri verba Domini ut facerent omnia quæ scripta sunt in isto volumine. 22And Helcias and they that were sent with him by the king, went to Olda the prophetess, the wife of Sellum the son of Thecuath, the son of Hasra keeper of the wardrobe: who dwelt in Jerusalem in the Second part: and they spoke to her the words above mentioned.Andò adunque Helcia, e tutti gli altri, che erano stati mandati dal re a parlare ad Olda profetessa, moglie di Sellum figliuolo di Thecuath, figliuolo di Hara Guardaroba maggiore; il quale abitava in Gerusalemme nella seconda città, e riferirono a lei quello, che si è detto di sopra.Helcias therfore went, and they that were sent together by the king, to Olda a prophetesse, the wife of Sellum the sonne of Thecuath, the sonne of Hasra keeper of the garmentes: who dwelt in Ierusalem in the second part: and they spake to her the wordes, which we haue aboue mentioned.Abiit ergo Helcias, et hi qui simul a rege missi fuerant, ad Oldam prophetidem, uxorem Sellum filii Thecuath filii Hasra custodis vestium, quæ habitabat in Jerusalem in Secunda: et locuti sunt ei verba quæ supra narravimus. 23And she answered them: Thus saith the Lord the God of Israel: Tell the man that sent you to me:Ed ella rispose loro: Queste cose dice il Signore Dio d'Israele: Dite a colui, che vi ha mandati a me:But she answered them: Thus sayth out Lord the God of Israel: Tel the man, that sent you to me:At illa respondit eis: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israël: Dicite viro qui misit vos ad me: 24Thus saith the Lord: Behold I will bring evils upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, and all the curses that are written in this book which they read before the king of Juda.Queste cose dice il Signore: Ecco che io manderò sciagure sopra questo luogo, e sopra i suoi abitanti, e tutte le maledizioni scritte in quel libro, che è stato letto dinanzi al re di Giuda.Thus sayth our Lord: Behold I wil bring euils vpon this place, and vpon the inhabitantes therof, and al the curses, that are writen in this Booke, which they redde before the king of Iuda.Hæc dicit Dominus: Ecce ego inducam mala super locum istum et super habitatores ejus, cunctaque maledicta quæ scripta sunt in libro hoc, quem legerunt coram rege Juda.
25Because they have forsaken me, and have sacrificed to strange gods, to provoke me to wrath with all the works of their hands, therefore my wrath shall fall upon this place, and shall not be quenched.Perchè essi mi hanno abbandonato, e hanno offerti sagrifizj agli dei stranieri, provocandomi ad ira con tutte le opere delle loro mani; per questo il furor mio pioverà sopra questo luogo, e non cesserà.Because they haue forsaken me, and haue sacrificed to strange goddes, that they might prouoke me to wrath in al the workes of their handes, therfore shal my furie droppe vpon this place, & shal not be extinguished.Quia dereliquerunt me, et sacrificaverunt diis alienis, ut me ad iracundiam provocarent in cunctis operibus manuum suarum, idcirco stillabit furor meus super locum istum, et non extinguetur. 26But as to the king of Juda that sent you to beseech the Lord, thus shall you say to him: Thus saith the Lord the God of Israel: Because thou hast heard the words of this book,Ma al re di Giuda, il quale vi ha mandati a me per far pregare il Signore, direte così: Queste cose dice il Signore Dio d'Israele: Perchè tu hai ascoltate le parole di questo libro,But to the king of Iuda that sent you to beseche our Lord, thus speake ye: Thus sayth our Lord the God of Israel: Because thou hast heard the wordes of this volume,Ad regem autem Juda, qui misit vos pro Domino deprecando, sic loquimini: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israël: Quoniam audisti verba voluminis, 27And thy heart was softened, and thou hast humbled thyself in the sight of God for the things that are spoken against this place, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and reverencing my face, hast rent thy garments, and wept before me: I also have heard thee, saith the Lord.E si è intenerito il cuor tuo, e ti se' umiliato nel cospetto di Dio per ragione delle cose, che sono state predette contro questo luogo, e contro gli abitanti di Gerusalemme, e hai avuto rispetto a me, hai stracciate le tue vesti, e hai sparse lagrime dinanzi a me: io ancora ti ho esaudito, dice il Signore.and thy hart is mollified, and thou art humbled in the sight of our Lord for these thinges, which are spoken against this place, and the inhabitantes of Ierusalem, and reuerencing my face, hast rent thy garmentes, and wept before me: I also haue heard thee, sayth our Lord.atque emollitum est cor tuum, et humiliatus es in conspectu Dei super his quæ dicta sunt contra locum hunc et habitatores Jerusalem, reveritusque faciem meam scidisti vestimenta tua, et flevisti coram me: ego quoque exaudivi te, dicit Dominus. 28For now I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be brought to thy tomb in peace: and thy eyes shall not see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and the inhabitants thereof. They therefore reported to the king all that she had said.Perocché io ben presto ti riunirò co' padri tuoi, e in pace sarai portato al tuo sepolcro: e gli occhi tuoi non vedranno tutti i mali, che io manderò sopra di questo luogo, e sopra i suoi abitanti. Eglino adunque riportarono al re tutto quello, che ella avea detto.For now wil I gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be brought into thy graue in peace: neither shal thyne eies see al the euil that I wil bring in vpon this place, and vpon the inhabitantes therof. They therfore reported to the king al thinges that she had sayd.Jam enim colligam te ad patres tuos, et infereris in sepulchrum tuum in pace: nec videbunt oculi tui omne malum quod ego inducturus sum super locum istum, et super habitatores ejus. Retulerunt itaque regi cuncta quæ dixerat.
29And he called together all the ancients of Juda and Jerusalem.Ed egli, convocati tutti i seniori di Giuda, e di Gerusalemme,But he calling together al the ancientes of Iuda and Ierusalem,At ille convocatis universis majoribus natu Juda et Jerusalem, 30And went up to the house of the Lord, and all the men of Juda, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the priests and the Levites, and all the people from the least to the greatest. And the king read in their hearing, in the house of the Lord, all the words of the book.Sali alla casa del Signore, e con lui tutti gli uomini di Giuda, e gli abitanti di Gerusalemme, i sacerdoti, e i Leviti, e tutto il popolo, grandi, e piccoli. E tutti essendo intenti ad ascoltare, lesse il re il libro parola a parola:went vp into the house of our Lord, and al the men of Iuda, and the inhabitantes of Ierusalem, Priestes and Leuites, and al the people from the least to the greatest. In whose hearing in the house of our Lord, the king read al the wordes of the volume.ascendit in domum Domini, unaque omnes viri Juda et habitatores Jerusalem, sacerdotes et Levitæ, et cunctus populus a minimo usque ad maximum. Quibus audientibus in domo Domini, legit rex omnia verba voluminis: 31And standing up in his tribunal, he made a covenant before the Lord to walk after him, and keep his commandments, and testimonies, and justifications with all his heart, and with all his soul, and to do the things that were written in that book which he had read.E stando sulla sua tribuna, fermò patto dinanzi al Signore di camminare dietro a lui, e di osservare i suoi precetti, e le leggi, e le cerimonie con tutto il cuor suo, e con tutta l'anima sua, e di fare quel, che sta scritto nel libro, che avea letto.And standing on his tribunal seate, he made a couenant before our Lord, that he would walke after him, and keepe his preceptes, and testimonies, and iustifications in al his hart, and in al his soule, and would do the thinges that were writen in that volume, which he had read.et stans in tribunali suo, percussit fœdus coram Domino ut ambularet post eum, et custodiret præcepta, et testimonia, et justificationes ejus in toto corde suo, et in tota anima sua, faceretque quæ scripta sunt in volumine illo, quod legerat. 32And he adjured all that were found in Jerusalem and Benjamin to do the same: and the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of the Lord the God of their fathers.E a questo pure obbligò con giuramento tutti quelli, che si trovarono in Gerusalemme, e nella terra di Beniamin: e gli abitanti di Gerusalemme acconsentirono a questo patto col Signore Dio de' padri loro.He adiured also vpon this al that were found in Ierusalem, and Beniamin: and the inhabitantes of Ierusalem did according to the couenant, of our Lord the God of their fathers.Adjuravit quoque super hoc omnes qui reperti fuerant in Jerusalem et Benjamin: et fecerunt habitatores Jerusalem juxta pactum Domini Dei patrum suorum.
33And Josias took away all the abominations out of all the countries of the children of Israel and made all that were left in Israel, to serve the Lord their God. As long as he lived they departed not from the Lord the God of their fathers.Josia pertanto tolse via tutte le abominazioni da tutto il paese de' figliuoli d'Israele: e fece si, che tutti quei, che restavano d'Israele, servissero il Signore Dio loro. Per tutto il tempo ch'ei visse, eglino non abbandonarono il Signore Dio de' padri loro.Iosias therfore tooke away al abominations of al the countries of the children of Israel: and made al, that were left in Israel, to serue our Lord their God. Al his daies they reuolted not from our Lord the God of their fathers.Abstulit ergo Josias cunctas abominationes de universis regionibus filiorum Israël: et fecit omnes qui residui erant in Israël, servire Domino Deo suo. Cunctis diebus ejus non recesserunt a Domino Deo patrum suorum.
34:1
Year of the World 3363, Year before Christ 641.
34:3
Du Hamel
Boy; 16 years old. (Du Hamel)
Grotius
The kings of Juda were in their minority, till they had completed their 13th year. (Grotius)
Haydock
Cleansed. Hebrew and Septuagint, "in the twelfth year he began to purify," etc. (Haydock)
34:4
Calmet
Idols. Hebrew chammanim, (Haydock) "statues of the sun." The term often denotes those open enclosures, where sacred fire was kept in honour of the sun. (Calmet)
Septuagint, "the heights above them." Syriac, "he destroyed the altars, idols, tigers, and temples, (5) the bracelets, little bells, and all the trees which had been consecrated to idols." Arabic, "the altars, idols, and leopards."
34:5
Priests, whom he slew upon the altars, 4 Kings xxiii.
34:6
Calmet
He. Hebrew, "with their swords, (Calmet; Protestants, mattocks) round about;" (Haydock) or, "and in their deserts," the inhabitants being removed. Septuagint, "in their places around." Syriac and Arabic, "in their public places." All the interpreters have read differently from what we find in Hebrew at present. Some may wonder that Josias should act thus, out of his own dominions. But the few Israelites who were left, had placed themselves under his protection; and as he made no ravages, and the Cuthites did not adopt the former superstitious practices of the country, they were not concerned to see the altars destroyed; nor were the kings of Assyria informed of, or interested to stop, these proceedings. (Calmet)
Haydock
Josias followed the directions of the priests and prophets; (Menochius) and many believe that the Assyrian monarch had given these territories to him, to hold, as his vassal; (Tirinus) or God restored them to the lawful king, (ver. 9) having promised all those countries to the family of David, for the express purpose of keeping up his own worship among his chosen people, and for exterminating idolatry. (Haydock)
34:8
Year of the World 3380, Year before Christ 624.
Calmet
Eselias, or Assia. This man is alone mentioned, 4 Kings 22:3. (Calmet)
34:11
Haydock
Houses, or apartments of the temple, which were gone to decay. (Haydock)
34:12
Haydock
Of music is expressed in Hebrew and Septuagint. (Haydock)
These Levites were chosen, because they were not so constantly employed in the temple, (Calmet) and they were not hired barely to inspect the works, and hence the expense was diminished.
34:13
Haydock
Masters: literally, "master porters." Protestants, "officers and porters;" all Levites. (Haydock)
Haydock
Jahath, etc., directed them that carried burdens, (Calmet) as the Hebrew intimates; and in general, all the officers were chosen from the same tribe. (Haydock)
34:17
Calmet
Together: literally, "melted down," as the Hebrew and Septuagint signify. Coin was not yet used. (Calmet)
Haydock
But the pieces of money, of whatever description, were collected. (Haydock)
34:22
Haydock
Hasra. Olda's husband's grandfather is styled Araas, 4 Kings xxii. (Haydock)
Du Hamel
Second part of the city, near the temple, or near the second gate, or between the two walls. (Du Hamel)
34:28
Tirinus
Peace. The country enjoyed peace, as Pharao was gone; (Menochius) and Josias did not witness the evils here denounced. (Tirinus)
Worthington
This was a blessing. (Worthington)
34:33
Calmet
In Israel, who had fled into his dominions. See ver. 6. (Calmet)
Haydock
They. Septuagint, "he," etc. Josias worshipped God with all his heart: but all Israel paid him, at least, an external adoration. (Haydock)
34:1
Concordance 4. Reg. 22.
34:5
Concordance •. Reg. 12.
34:14
Geuen by the hand of Moyses.
34:28
It is a benefite to be taken out of this world, before general miserie come vpon the people.
34:2
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 2
xxxiv. 2 . Josiah was a righteous man; yet
34:22
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 2
22, 23 . He needed the aid of Huldah; and
34:3
3. IN THE TWELFTH YEAR, etc., HE CLEANSED JUDAH, — that is he began to cleanse; for he completed this cleansing after six years, in the 18th year of his reign, as is said in verse 8.
34:5
5. Moreover, he burned the bones of the priests of idols (of idols, for example, of golden calves) on the altars of idols,—namely so that by the contact and burning of the cadavers of such impious men the altars themselves would be contaminated, disgraced, and rendered abhorrent, lest anyone thereafter should sacrifice victims to idols upon them.
34:15
15. HE FOUND THE BOOK OF THE LAW IN THE HOUSE OF THE LORD.—Genebrardus in his Chronology holds that this was the copy which had been written by Moses or by another while he lived, and had been placed in the sanctuary more than 800 years before, so that for this reason it was received with greater devotion and read with greater fruit. Moreover, there is no doubt that elsewhere in Judea, and in other provinces among pious and learned Jews, there existed many books of the law: it therefore seems incredible what some say, that all the books of Holy Scripture were burned together with the temple by the Chaldeans, and were restored by Ezra from memory.
34:28
28. THOU SHALT BE BURIED IN THY SEPULCHRE IN PEACE.—You will say: Josias was slain in battle by Pharao Nechao; therefore he did not perish peacefully, but by a violent death. I answer that peace here is understood not as private peace for Josias, but as public peace for the commonwealth; for while Josias lived and died, Judea enjoyed peace and abundance of things; but after his death it was invaded by various nations, especially the Babylonians, who utterly destroyed it under Sedecia the son of Josias. That this is the meaning is clear from what follows, where Scripture thus explains itself.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
34:3
… The historicity of II Kings 22:3-23:24 and II Chron. 34:3-35:19 is irrefutable, where probably there is even question of the whole Pentateuch. …
… "While he was still young he began to seek the God of David his father" (II Chron. 34:3). He found the country in grave religious and moral decline, owing to the long period of official apostasy under the reign of Manasseh and Amon. …
… replaced the altar of holocausts with another reproducing a model from Damascus (II Kings 16:10-14). It was restored or purified by Jehoshaphat (II Chron. 20:5), Joash of Judah (ibid. 24:4-14), Jotham (ibid. 27:3), Hezekiah (ibid. 28:34), Josiah (ibid. 34:3-7). With its treasures tribute was paid to invaders by Asa, Joash, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. …
34:4
… Distinct from the m. are the solar stelae in honor of Baal: hammānim (Lev. 26, 30; Is. 17, 8; 27, 9; Ez. 6, 4, 6; II Chron. 14, 4; 34, 4, 7), placed above the altar.
34:6
… the time of Hezekiah the multitudes of the faithful, after having fulfilled their religious duties in the temple of Jerusalem, invaded the two southern provinces (Benjamin and E.) of the kingdom to destroy the idolatrous objects (II Chron. 31:1; cf. II Chron. 34:6, 9).
the distant territory of Naphtali, tearing down altars, images, steles and sacred poles, as well as the mozzabbih (II Kings 23:19 ff.; II Chron. 34:6 ff.); above all he destroyed the schismatic sanctuary of Bethel and desecrated its altar (II Kings 23:15-18), fulfilling what three centuries earlier, at the inauguration of that sanctuary, …
34:8
… priests went to her to hear the response of God. The prophetess confirmed the authenticity of the discovered text, uttered grave threats should it not be observed, and predicted an adequate reward for the reforming zeal of King Josiah (II Kings 22:8-20; II Chron. 34:8-28). The episode, which was of great importance in the Jewish religion, took place in the 18th year of Josiah, that is, in 621 B.C. Angelo Penna
… a part they had in it. To encourage and stimulate the pious king there came a very important event: the discovery of the "book of the Töräh" in the eighteenth year of his reign (622 B.C.), during the restoration work in the Temple (II Kings 22:8 ff.; II Chron. 34:8 ff.). …
… a servant of King Ahaz, killed by Zichri of the army of King Pekah (v.) during the Syro-Ephraimite invasion of the Kingdom of Judah (II Chron. 28, 7); 4) the governor of Jerusalem, who received from King Josiah (v.) the task of restoring the temple (II Chron. 34, 8); 5) one of the priests who expounded the Law to the people, on the return from exile, alongside Ezra (Neh. 8, 7); 6) one of the leaders of the people who subscribed to the renewed …
34:12
Levites (Heb. Lēwī, pl. Lēwījīm; Gr. Lēwījī, pl. -ai)
… Under the succeeding rulers the Levites appear also in other functions: as teachers of religion to the people (II Par. 17:8), assigned to the collections (ibid. 24:4-6), to the storehouses of provisions (ibid. 31:12), to the restorations of the temple (ibid. 34:12). In the future religious picture drawn by Ezekiel, the Levites are strongly recalled to their functions in subordination to the priests (Ez. 44:10-11). In Ezekiel's context a tone …
In Palestine they had 12 cities in the tribes of Zebulun, Reuben and Gad: 4 in each tribe (Josh. 21:34-40). Under King Hezekiah two Merarites took part in the purification of the Temple (2 Chron. 29:12); two others under Josiah were placed in charge of the restoration of the Sanctuary (ibid. 34:12). The 38 Levites who responded to Ezra's appeal to return to their homeland were Merarites (Ezra 8:19).
2. A Levite descended from Kohath, who collaborated with Josiah in the reform (2 Chron. 34:12).
34:14
day nor that Deuteronomy alone was read all at once; on the other hand the title of the codex "book of the Töräh" (II Kings 22:8), "book of the covenant" (II Kings 23:2), "the book of the Töräh of Yahweh written by the hand of Moses" (II Chron. 34:14), rather suggests the entire book of the Pentateuch (A. Bea [v. bibl.], p. 85 ff.). …
… the whole biblical tradition: "Book of the Law of Moses" (Josh. 8:31; 23:6; 2 Kings 14:6); "Book of Moses" (2 Kings 2:3; 2 Chron. 35:12; Ezra 6:18; Neh. 13:1); practically equivalent to it are those of "Book of the Law of the Lord given through Moses" (2 Chron. 34:14), "Law of Moses" (2 Chron. 23:18; Bar. 2:2; Dan. 9:11, 13); a particular prescription of the Pentateuch (Lev. 26:14; Deut. 28:15) is recalled as "the law that God commanded to be written …
34:19
… Yahweh against the transgressors of that same Law (Deut. 28:15-68), he consulted the prophetess Huldah (v.), who confirmed the threatening sanctions of the Töräh, while declaring that they would not be applied during J.'s reign as a reward for his zeal (II Chron. 34:19-28). J. intensified his reform work in accordance with the prescriptions contained in that same Law. And it was a period of constructive reform: while he continued to uproot the last …
34:22
… She was the wife of Shallum, keeper of the wardrobe of the king, and she lived in the new quarter to the northwest of Jerusalem (II Kings 22:14; II Chron. 34:22).
After Samaria fell in 721, the capital received many refugees who went to swell the mišneh quarter, or new city 'ir mišneh (II Kings 22, 14; II Chron. 34, 22; Neh. 11, 14), which had been forming outside the city walls and which Hezekiah (716), on the eve of Sennacherib's invasion, protected by creating a new circuit ("the second wall") …
2. S. son of Thecua and husband of the prophetess Huldah, keeper of the priestly garments in the time of King Josiah (v.) (II Kings 22:14; II Chron. 34:22); some think that he is the same S. uncle of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer. 32:7).
34:29
… promulgation was carried out with great solemnity: the people, the priests, the prophets and the king having been assembled in the Temple, the recovered Töräh was read aloud, and all swore to observe its statutes, renewing the pact or covenant with Yahweh (II Chron. 34:29-33). As a seal of the great event, in the same eighteenth year of J.'s reign a most solemn Passover was celebrated, such as had not been remembered in Israel since the times of Samuel …
34:30
… Of the Babylonian archives even the Bible has handed down the memory in the book of Eid. (5, 17 and 6, 1-2). And again from the Bible (Eid. 2, 62; I Par. 9, 1 and II Par. 34, 30) we learn that the Israelites kept in the Temple the acts that bore a character of greater solemnity. …
34:31
… At the corners were small courts for the sacrificial banquets of the people (Ezek. 46, 21-24). In the middle of the court was placed the platform for the members of David's family (II Chron. 6, 12 ff.; 23, 13; 34, 31). The inner court was called "of the priests." It was reached by 8 steps (15) (I Kings 6, 36; II Chron. 4, 9). It surrounded the sanctuary (I Kings 8, 64), and was separated from the …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.