Joas reigneth well all the days of Joiada: afterwards falleth into idolatry and causeth Zacharias to be slain. He is slain himself by his servants.
Ioas reigning piously, so long as Ioiada liueth, causeth the Temple to be repayred, 14. and new sacred vessels to be made. 15. Ioiada an hundred thirtie yeares old dieth. 17. Ioas falleth to idolatrie: 20. causeth Zacharias to be slayne in the court of the Temple. 23. A few Syrians kil the chief men about the king, and carie away great prayes. 25. Ioas is slayne by his owne men, and his sonne Amasias reigneth.
1Joas was seven years old when he began to reign: and he reigned forty years in Jerusalem: the name of his mother was Sebia of Bersabee.Gioas avea sette anni quando cominciò a regnare: e quarant'anni regnò in Gerusalemme: sua madre avea nome Sebia di Bersabee.SEVEN yeares old was Ioas when he began to reigne: and he reigned fourty yeares in Ierusalem, the name of his mother was Sebia of Bersabee.Septem annorum erat Joas cum regnare cœpisset, et quadraginta annis regnavit in Jerusalem: nomen matris ejus Sebia de Bersabee. 2And he did that which is good before the Lord all the days of Joiada the priest.Ed egli fece quello, che era giusto nel cospetto del Signore per tutto il tempo, che visse Joiada Sacerdote.And he did that which is good before our Lord al the dayes of Ioiada the Priest.Fecitque quod bonum est coram Domino cunctis diebus Jojadæ sacerdotis. 3And Joiada took for him two wives, by whom he had sons and daughters.E Joiada gli fece prendere due mogli, dalle quali egli ebbe de' figliuoli, o delle figlie.And Ioiada tooke for him two wiues, of whom he begat sonnes & daughters.Accepit autem ei Jojada uxores duas, e quibus genuit filios et filias. 4After this Joas had a mind to repair the house of the Lord.Indi venne desiderio a Gioas di restaurare la casa del Signore.After which thinges it pleased Ioas to repayre the house of our Lord.Post quæ placuit Joas ut instauraret domum Domini. 5And he assembled the priests, and the Levites, and said to them: Go out to the cities of Juda, and gather of all Israel money to repair the temple of your God, from year to year: and do this with speed: but the Levites were negligent.E convocò i sacerdoti, e i Leviti e disse loro: Andate attorno per le città di Giuda a raccorre da tutto Israele il denaro per le riparazioni da farsi anno per anno al tempio del vostro Dio, e ciò fate con sollecitudine: ma i Leviti usarono poca diligenza.And he assembled the Priestes, and the Leuites, and sayd to them: Goe ye forth to the cities of Iuda, and gather of al Israel money for the reparation of the temple of your God, yeare by yeare, and doe this in hast: moreouer the Leuites did negligently.Congregavitque sacerdotes et Levitas, et dixit eis: Egredimini ad civitates Juda, et colligite de universo Israël pecuniam ad sartatecta templi Dei vestri per singulos annos, festinatoque hoc facite. Porro Levitæ egere negligentius. 6And the king called Joiada the chief, and said to him: Why hast thou not taken care to oblige the Levites to bring in out of Juda and Jerusalem the money that was appointed by Moses the servant of the Lord for all the multitude of Israel to bring into the tabernacle of the testimony?E il re chiamò Joiada Pontefice, e gli disse: Perchè non hai tu procurato d'indurre i Leviti a portare il denaro di Giuda, e di Gerusalemme secondo che fu stabilito da Mosè servo del Signore, che dovesse tutta la moltitudine d'Israele offerirlo per la erezione del tabernacolo dell'alleanza?And the king called Ioiada the prince, and sayd to him: why hast thou had no care to constrayne the Leuites to bring in out of Iuda and Ierusalem the money, that was appointed of Moyses the seruant of our Lord, that al the multitude of Israel should bring it in into the tabernacle of testimonie?Vocavitque rex Jojadam principem, et dixit ei: Quare tibi non fuit curæ, ut cogeres Levitas inferre de Juda et de Jerusalem pecuniam quæ constituta est a Moyse servo Domini, ut inferret eam omnis multitudo Israël in tabernaculum testimonii ?
7For that wicked woman Athalia, and her children have destroyed the house of God, and adorned the temple of Baal with all the things that had been dedicated in the temple of the Lord.Imperocché la empia Athalia, e i suoi figliuoli hanno ruinata la casa di Dio, e di tutte le cose consagrate al tempio del Signore hanno ornato il tempio di Baalim.For the most impious Athalia, and her children haue destroyed the house of God, and of al thinges that had bene sanctified in the temple of our Lord, they adorned the temple of Baalim.Athalia enim impiissima, et filii ejus, destruxerunt domum Dei, et de universis quæ sanctificata fuerant in templo Domini, ornaverunt fanum Baalim. 8And the king commanded, and they made a chest: and set it by the gate of the house of the Lord on the outside.Il re adunque comandò, che si facesse una cassa: e la collocarono al di fuori vicino alla porta della casa del Signore.The king therfore commanded and they made a chest: and set it by the gate of our Lord on the out side.Præcepit ergo rex, et fecerunt arcam: posueruntque eam juxta portam domus Domini forinsecus. 9And they made a proclamation in Juda and Jerusalem, that every man should bring to the Lord the money which Moses the servant of God appointed for all Israel, in the desert.E fu intimato per tutto Giuda, e in Gerusalemme, che ciascheduno portasse al Signore il tributo imposto da Mosè servo di Dio sopra tutto Israele nel deserto.And it was proclaymed in Iuda and Ierusalem, that euery man should bring the price to our Lord, which Moyses the seruant of God appoynted ouer al Israel, in the desert.Et prædicatum est in Juda et Jerusalem ut deferrent singuli pretium Domino, quod constituit Moyses servus Dei super omnem Israël in deserto. 10And all the princes, and all the people rejoiced: and going in they contributed and cast so much into the chest of the Lord, that it was filled.E tutti i principi, e il popol tutto ne ebbero piacere: e andarono, e gettarono nell'arca il denaro, a segno che la empierono.And al the princes reioysed, and al the people: and going in they contributed into the chest of our Lord, and cast in so that it was filled.Lætatique sunt cuncti principes, et omnis populus, et ingressi contulerunt in arcam Domini, atque miserunt ita ut impleretur. 11And when it was time to bring the chest before the king by the hands of the Levites, (for they saw there was much money,) the king’s scribe, and he whom the high priest had appointed went in: and they poured out the money that was in the chest: and they carried back the chest to its place: and thus they did from day to day, and there was gathered an immense sum of money.E quando era tempo, che l'arca fosse portata per mano de' Leviti dinanzi al re (perocché vedevano, che il denaro era in gran quantità), veniva il segretario del re con un deputato eletto dal sommo Sacerdote, e mettevan fuori il denaro, che era nell'arca: e l'arca la riportavano al suo luogo: e così facevano tutti i giorni, e si raccolse infinito denaro.And when it was time that they should bring the chest before the king by the handes of Leuites (for they saw much money) the kinges Scribe went in, and he whom the high priest had appoynted: & they powred out the money that was in the chest, & recaried it to his place: and so did they from day to day, and there was gathered infinite money.Cumque tempus esset ut deferrent arcam coram rege per manus Levitarum (videbant enim multam pecuniam), ingrediebatur scriba regis, et quem primus sacerdos constituerat, effundebantque pecuniam quæ erat in arca, porro arcam reportabant ad locum suum: sicque faciebant per singulos dies. Et congregata est infinita pecunia,
12And the king and Joiada gave it to those who were over the works of the house of the Lord: but they hired with it stonecutters, and artificers of every kind of work to repair the house of the Lord: and such as wrought in iron and brass, to uphold what began to be falling.Il quale fu dal re, e da Joiada dato a quelli, che aveano la soprintendenza ai lavori della casa del Signore: e questi con esso pagavano la mercede degli scarpellini, e degli artefici d'ogni specie per ristorare la casa del Signore: e similmente i lavoratori di ferro, e di bronzo, i quali racconciassero le cose, che avean principiato a patire.Which the king and Ioiada gaue to them, that ouersaw the workes of the house of our Lord: but they hired with it hewers of stones, and artificers of al workes, to repayre the house of our Lord: smithes also of yron and brasse, that that which began to fal, might be vpholden.quam dederunt rex et Jojada his qui præerant operibus domus Domini: at illi conducebant ex ea cæsores lapidum, et artifices operum singulorum ut instaurarent domum Domini: fabros quoque ferri et æris, ut quod cadere cœperat, fulciretur. 13And the workmen were diligent, and the breach of the walls was closed up by their hands, and they set up the house of the Lord in its former state, and made it stand firm.E gli operaj lavorarono con tutta diligenza, e per le mani loro furono chiusi i peli, che facevan le mura, e ritornarono la casa del Signore nel suo antico stato e la rendettero stabile, e salda.And they that wrought did industriously, and the breach of the walles was closed by their handes, and they raysed the house of our Lord into the old state, and made it stand firmely.Egeruntque hi qui operabantur industrie, et obducebatur parietum cicatrix per manus eorum, ac suscitaverunt domum Domini in statum pristinum, et firmiter eam stare fecerunt. 14And when they had finished all the works, they brought the rest of the money before the king and Joiada: and with it were made vessels for the temple for the ministry, and for holocausts and bowls, and other vessels of gold and silver: and holocausts were offered in the house of the Lord continually all the days of Joiada.E finiti che furono tutti i lavori portarono al re, e a Joiada il denaro che era avanzato: e con esso furon fatti de' vasi pel servigio del tempio, e pegli olocausti, e delle coppe, e altri vasi di oro, e di argento: e si offersero gli olocausti continuamente nella casa del Signore per tutto il tempo, che visse Joiada.And when they had accomplished al the workes, they brought the rest of the money before the king and Ioiada: of the which were made vessels of the temple to the ministerie, and for holocaustes, phials also, and other vessels of gold and siluer: and holocaustes were offered in the house of our Lord continually al the daies of Ioiada.Cumque complessent omnia opera, detulerunt coram rege et Jojada reliquam partem pecuniæ: de qua facta sunt vasa templi in ministerium, et ad holocausta, phialæ quoque, et cetera vasa aurea et argentea: offerebantur holocausta in domo Domini jugiter cunctis diebus Jojadæ. 15But Joiada grew old and was full of days, and died when he was a hundred and thirty years old.Ma Joiada vecchio, e pieno di giorni morì in età di cento trent'anni.But Ioiada became old being ful of dayes, and died when he was an hundred and thirtie yeares old.Senuit autem Jojada plenus dierum, et mortuus est cum esset centum triginta annorum:
16And they buried him in the city of David among the kings, because he had done good to Israel, and to his house.E fu sepolto nella città di David insieme coi re, perchè egli avea fatto del bene ad Israele, e alla casa di lui.And they buried him in the citie of Dauid with the kinges, because he had done good with Israel, and with his house.sepelieruntque eum in civitate David cum regibus, eo quod fecisset bonum cum Israël, et cum domo ejus. 17And after the death of Joiada, the princes of Juda went in, and worshipped the king: and he was soothed by their services and hearkened to them.Ma dopo la morte di Joiada i principi di Giuda andarono a inchinarsi al re; ed egli ammollito dai loro ossequi fece a modo loro.And after that Ioiada was dead, the princes of Iuda went in, and adored the king, who being altered by their seruiceablenesse, agreed to them.Postquam autem obiit Jojada, ingressi sunt principes Juda, et adoraverunt regem: qui delinitus obsequiis eorum, acquievit eis. 18And they forsook the temple of the Lord the God of their fathers, and served groves and idols, and wrath came upon Juda and Jerusalem for this sin.È abbandonarono il tempio del Signore Dio de' padri loro, e rendetter culto ai simolacri, ed ai boschetti: e questo peccato trasse l'ira sopra Giuda, e Gerusalemme.And they forsooke the temple of our Lord the God of their fathers, and serued groues, and sculptilles, and there came wrath agaynst Iuda, and Ierusalem for this sinne.Et dereliquerunt templum Domini Dei patrum suorum, servieruntque lucis et sculptilibus: et facta est ira contra Judam et Jerusalem propter hoc peccatum. 19And he sent prophets to them to bring them back to the Lord, and they would not give ear when they testified against them.E (Dio) mandava loro de' profeti, affinchè tornassero al Signore; ma quelli non volevano ascoltare le loro intimazioni.And he sent them prophetes, that they should returne to our Lord, whom protesting they would not heare.Mittebatque eis prophetas ut reverterentur ad Dominum, quos protestantes illi audire nolebant. 20The spirit of God then came upon Zacharias the son of Joiada the priest, and he stood in the sight of the people, and said to them: Thus saith the Lord God: Why transgress you the commandment of the Lord which will not be for your good, and have forsaken the Lord, to make him forsake you?Ma lo Spirito del Signore investì Zacharia figliuolo di Joiada, sacerdote; ed egli si presentò al cospetto del popolo, e disse loro: Queste cose dice il Signore Dio: Per qual motivo trasgredite voi i comandamenti del Signore, lo che non tornerà in bene vostro, e avete abbandonato il Signore, perchè egli ancor vi abbandoni?The spirit of God therfore inuested Zacharias the sonne of Ioiada the Priest, & he stood in the sight of the people, and sayd to them: Thus sayth our Lord God: Why transgresse you the precept of our Lord, which thing shal not profit you, & haue forsaken our Lord, that he should forsake you?Spiritus itaque Dei induit Zachariam filium Jojadæ sacerdotem, et stetit in conspectu populi, et dixit eis: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus: Quare transgredimini præceptum Domini, quod vobis non proderit, et dereliquistis Dominum ut derelinqueret vos ?
21And they gathered themselves together against him, and stoned him at the king’s commandment in the court of the house of the Lord.E quelli ristrettisi insieme contro di lui lo lapidarono secondo l'ordine del re nell'atrio della casa del Signore.Who being gathered agaynst him, they threw stones according to the kinges commandement, in the court of the house of our Lord.Qui congregati adversus eum, miserunt lapides juxta regis imperium in atrio domus Domini. 22And king Joas did not remember the kindness that Joiada his father had done to him, but killed his son. And when he died, he said: The Lord see, and require it.E il re Gioas non si ricordò dei benefizj fatti a lui da Joiada, ma uccise il suo figliuolo, il quale in morendo disse: Il Signore vegga, e faccia vendetta.And Ioas the king did not remember the mercie, that Ioiada his father had done with him, but he killed his sonne. Who when he died, sayd: Our Lord see, and require it.Et non est recordatus Joas rex misericordiæ quam fecerat Jojada pater illius secum, sed interfecit filium ejus. Qui cum moreretur, ait: Videat Dominus, et requirat. 23And when a year was come about, the army of Syria came up against him: and they came to Juda and Jerusalem, and killed all the princes of the people, and they sent all the spoils to the king of Damascus.E compito il corso di un anno, l'esercito della Siria si mosse contro Gioas: ed entrò nel paese di Giuda, e in Gerusalemme, e fecero morire tutti i capi del popolo se mandaron tutto il bottino al loro re in Damasco.And when a yeare was come about, the armie of Syria came vp against him: & it came into Iuda & Ierusalem, & slewe al the princes of the people, and al the pray they sent to the king into Damascus.Cumque evolutus esset annus, ascendit contra eum exercitus Syriæ: venitque in Judam et Jerusalem, et interfecit cunctos principes populi, atque universam prædam miserunt regi in Damascum. 24And whereas there came a very small number of the Syrians, the Lord delivered into their hands an infinite multitude, because they had forsaken the Lord the God of their fathers: and on Joas they executed shameful judgments.E veramente essendo venuti i Siri in mediocrissimo numero, il Signore diede nelle mani loro una infinita moltitudine, perchè aveano abbandonato il Signore Dio de' padre loro. E anche Gioas fu strapazzato da quelli obbrobriosamente.And wheras there was come a very smal number of the Syrians, our Lord deliuered into their handes an infinit multitude, for that they had forsaken our Lord the God of their fathers: on Ioas also they exercised ignomious iudgementes.Et certe cum permodicus venisset numerus Syrorum, tradidit Dominus in manibus eorum infinitam multitudinem, eo quod dereliquissent Dominum Deum patrum suorum: in Joas quoque ignominiosa exercuere judicia.
25And departing they left him in great diseases: and his servants rose up against him, for revenge of the blood of the son of Joiada the priest, and they slew him in his bed, and he died: and they buried him in the city of David, but not in the sepulchres of the kings.E partendosi lo lasciarono in gravi malori e i suoi servi se gli levaron contro per vendicare il sangue del figliuolo di Joiada, sacerdote; e lo ammazzarono nel suo letto, ed ei morì: e fu sepolto nella città di David, ma non ne' sepolcri dei re.And departing they left him in great diseases: and his seruantes rose agaynst him, for reuenge of the bloud of the sonne of Ioiada the priest, & they slewe him in his bed, & he dyed: and they buried him in the Citie of Dauid, but not in the kinges sepulchres.Et abeuntes dimiserunt eum in languoribus magnis: surrexerunt autem contra eum servi sui in ultionem sanguinis filii Jojadæ sacerdotis, et occiderunt eum in lectulo suo, et mortuus est: sepelieruntque eum in civitate David, sed non in sepulchris regum. 26Now the men that conspired against him were Zabad the son of Semmaath an Ammonitess, and Jozabad the son of Semarith a Moabitess.E quelli, che lo tradirono, furono Zabad figliuolo di Semmaath donna ammonita, e Jozabad figliuolo di Semarith donna Moabite.And there conspired against him Zabad the sonne of Semmaath an Ammonitesse, & Iozabad the sonne of Semarith a Moabitesse.Insidiati vero sunt ei Zabad filius Semaath Ammanitidis, et Jozabad filius Semmarith Moabitidis. 27And concerning his sons, and the sum of money which was gathered under him, and the repairing the house of God, they are written more diligently in the book of kings: and Amasias his son reigned in his stead.Quanto ai figliuoli, ch'egli ebbe, e alla somma del denaro messa insieme sotto di lui, e al modo, onde fu ristorata la casa di Dio, queste cose sono scritte più minutamente nel libro dei re. Or a lui succedette nel regno Amasia suo figliuolo.Moreouer his children, and the summe of money, which was gathered vnder him, & the repayring of the house of God are writen more diligently in the Booke of kinges: and Amasias his sonne reigned for him.Porro filii ejus, ac summa pecuniæ quæ adunata fuerat sub eo, et instauratio domus Dei, scripta sunt diligentius in libro regum: regnavit autem Amasias filius ejus pro eo.
24:3
Calmet
Him. Joas, as Protestants (Haydock) and most interpreters understand it, with the Syriac, etc. Joiada was too old to think of marrying again, as the Rabbins would explain the Hebrew, conformably to the Septuagint and Arabic, "himself." (Calmet)
Salien
Joas did not probably marry two at once. (Salien, the year of the world 3766.)
Menochius
Amasias was born of Joadan, chap, 25:1. (Menochius)
Haydock
The high priest considered Joas as his son, being married to his aunt. (Haydock)
24:5
Year of the World 3147, Year before Christ 857.
Worthington
Money. The half sicle, (Exodus 30:13., and 4 Kings 12:4.; Calmet) which at first was required for the tabernacle, and afterwards for the repairs of the temple. (Worthington)
24:6
Chief "priest," (ver. 11,) where he is called the first. Hebrew, "the head priest."
24:7
24:10
Pagnin
That, etc. Hebrew, "till it was done," according to the law. (Pagnin)
24:11
Menochius
From day. Literally, "every day," (Haydock) when the chest was replenished. (Menochius)
24:14
Calmet
And for. Hebrew, "and to offer," such as (Haydock) "mortars," Proverbs 27:22. Eali is thus translated. (Calmet)
Protestants, "and spoons and vessels."
24:16
Haydock
Israel, particularly to those of the kingdom of Juda. (Haydock)
His, David's, house, (Menochius) as he had restored the crown to his offspring.
24:17
Haydock
Worshipped. Hebrew, "bowed down to the king, and he hearkened to them." (Haydock)
Estius
The Jews say that the princes flattered him with the title of god, as he had been educated in the temple. (Estius)
Calmet
But this is improbable. (Calmet)
24:18
Calmet
Idols. Hebrew, "sorrows." Septuagint, "the Astartes and idols." (Calmet)
24:19
Haydock
Them. Calling heaven and earth to witness (Calmet) the unity of God. (Haydock)
Calmet
These prophets might have been performing their sacred commission ever since the reign of Josaphat; during which time Eliseus, Micheas, Jehu, and others, lived, 2 Paralipomenon 20:14., and 18:27. (Calmet)
24:20
Year of the World 8164, Year before Christ 840.
Haydock
Priest, refers to Zacharias. Septuagint, "Azarias." (Haydock)
Haydock
It is not certain whether this was the person whom Jesus Christ speaks, (Matthew 23:35.; Calmet) as St. Jerome believes; (Matthew 23:35.) or our Saviour alludes to one of the minor prophets, (Tirinus) or to the father of John the Baptist. [Luke i.] (Baronius) (Haydock)
Calmet
Sight. Hebrew, "above," perhaps on the steps between the two courts. (Calmet)
To make. Hebrew, "therefore hath he forsaken you."
24:22
Menochius
Require it.. I commit my cause into his hands. (Menochius)
Horace
The vengeance of the Lord was not slack. (Haydock) Raro antecedentem scelestum Deseruit pede poena claudo. (Horace)
24:23
Year of the World 3165.
Calmet
Damascus. Hazael had before invaded Jerusalem, 4 Kings 12:17. The Syrian army, which routed Juda, was comparatively small. (Calmet)
The idolatrous princes now received the due punishment of their crimes, ver. 17.
24:24
Haydock
Shameful, is not expressed in Hebrew. But the putting a king to the torture, (ver. 25.) and upbraiding him with his ingratitude and perfidy, was a great indignity. (Haydock)
Calmet
He had probably entered into engagements with Hazael, when he prevailed on him to depart, the year before. (Calmet)
Calmet
Nabuchodonosor treated Sedecias in like manner, 4 Kings 25:6. The author of the Hebrew Trad. among the works of St. Jerome, (Haydock) asserts that the children of Joas were slain before his eyes, while the Syrians reproached him for the unjust murder of Zacharias. (Calmet)
24:25
Worthington
Servants. By whom the man is slain, who had murdered his spiritual father. (Worthington)
Son. Hebrew, "sons." See ver. 7. Some think that the brothers of Zacharias were slain, that they might not attempt to revenge his death.
Calmet
Kings. These sepulchres are amazingly beautiful and spacious. The doors are six feet high, and formed, like the rest, of solid stone, cut in the most elegant manner. (Doubdan 26.) (Calmet)
24:26
Haydock
Moabitess. Septuagint read, "the Ammonite....and Moabite." See 4 Kings 12:21. (Haydock)
24:27
Haydock
And. Septuagint, "And all his sons: for five came upon him," with the rest of the conspirators. (Haydock)
Calmet
They have read differently. (Calmet)
Calmet
Sum. Hebrew, "the greatness of the burden on him," (Haydock) imposed by the Syrians, (ver. 24) or denounced by the prophets. Mossa is often taken for a prophetic menace. (Calmet)
Haydock
More. Hebrew, "in the researches." Protestants, "story of the book." Addo entitled his book Modross, 2 Paralipomenon 22:22. (Haydock)
Calmet
Only some extracts from these works have come down to us. Esdras had them before him. The abridgments have occasioned their loss, as has been the case with many other excellent works. This was the more easy, as writing was not then so common. (Calmet)
24:6
By the law euerie one payed yearly halfe a sicle, towards the repayring of the tabernacle and so afterwardes of the temple. Ex. 30.
24:21
Ma•. 〈◊〉.
24:25
He that killed his spiritual father was slaine by his owne seruantes.
24:8
Theodoret of Cyrus † AD 458 The Ecclesiastical History of Theodoret 3.18
… “Sophist,” said he, “the Creator of all things, whom you in derision call carpenter’s son, is making a coffin.”
24:17
John Cassian † AD 435 The Twelve Books on the Institutes of the Cœnobia, and the Remedies for the Eight Principal Faults 12.21
… And whereas there came a very small number of the Syrians, the Lord delivered into their hands an infinite multitude, because they had forsaken the Lord the God of their fathers: and on Joash they executed shameful judgments. And departing they left him in great diseases.”
24:20
St Cyprian of Carthage † AD 258 The Epistles of Cyprian 54.17
… God’s priest, suggests and furnishes to us examples of courage and faith, who, when he could not be terrified with threats and stoning, was slain in the temple of God, at the same time crying out and saying, what we also cry out and say against the heretics, “Thus saith the Lord, Ye have forsaken the ways of the Lord, and the Lord will forsake you.”
St Cyril of Jerusalem † AD 386 The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril 16.28
… And as we have it in Chronicles, Azariah , in the time of King Asa, and Jahaziel in the time of King Jehoshaphat, partook of the Holy Ghost; and again, another Azariah, he who was stoned
24:21
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom 71
But who is this Zacharias? Some say, the father of John; some, the prophet; some, a priest with two different names, whom the Scripture also calls, the son of Jehoiada.
24:22
22. WHO (Zacharias) WHEN HE WAS DYING, SAID: LET THE LORD SEE AND REQUIRE. — "Let Him see," namely my innocence and integrity, by which in my office (for he was High Priest) I reprove the king worshipping idols. "Let Him see" likewise the king's impiety and ingratitude, by which he ungratefully, unjustly and impiously kills me, the son of Jehoiada the High Priest, and his uncle, to whom he owes his life and kingdom. "And require," that He punish and avenge my death and such great crimes with just judgment. Zacharias said this from zeal for justice, which was the spirit of Elijah and of the Old Testament. But in the new covenant Christ and the Apostles killed by the Jews prayed to God not for vengeance, but for pardon for their killers. Whence Christ on the cross: "Father," He said, "forgive them, for they know not what they do," Matt. cap. xxvii, and Stephen when he was being stoned, like this Zacharias: "Lord," he said, "lay not this sin to their charge," Acts cap. vii. Secondly, upon King Joash He exercised ignominious judgments, as is said vers. 24, reproaching him with his ingratitude and perfidy, and afflicting him with reproaches and various ignominies, and as it appears, with blows, such as Nebuchadnezzar inflicted upon the perfidious Zedekiah, IV Kings xxv. Thirdly, from these reproaches and blows, and from a new chastisement of God, Joash fell into a grave illness, which created for him great pains and languors, vers. 25. Fourthly, his servants conspired against him, and slew him lying in bed in the house of Mello, which was near the palace. Josephus adds that these conspirators were friends of Zacharias, whence vers. 25, they are said to have killed him "in avenging the blood of Zacharias, son of Jehoiada." Finally, St. Jerome, St. Thomas, Abulensis, Jansenius, Maldonatus, Barradius and others hold this to be the Zacharias whose death Christ reproaches the Jews with, and threatens them with destruction, saying: "That upon you may come all the blood, etc. from the blood of Abel the just even unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom you killed between the temple and the altar," Matt. xxiii; see the remarks there. Finally, because the temple was polluted with the slaughter and blood of this Zacharias, thereafter the oracles and divine responses failed in the temple, as St. Epiphanius relates in the Life of Zacharias, and from him Genebrardus in the Chronology.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
24:1
Joas (Heb. Jō'āf and Jēhō'āf; Greek: 'Iōzōz)
… He took a personal interest in the repair of the Temple, which had been damaged by Athaliah (2 Kings 12:1-17; 2 Chron. 24:1-14). Toward the end of his reign, after Jehoiada's death, he allowed himself to be influenced by the syncretist party; and he had the inspired Zechariah, son or nephew of Jehoiada, killed …
24:4
Levites (Heb. Lēwī, pl. Lēwījīm; Gr. Lēwījī, pl. -ai)
… Under the succeeding rulers the Levites appear also in other functions: as teachers of religion to the people (II Par. 17:8), assigned to the collections (ibid. 24:4-6), to the storehouses of provisions (ibid. 31:12), to the restorations of the temple (ibid. 34:12). In the future religious picture drawn by Ezekiel, the Levites are strongly recalled …
… by Ahaz, Manasseh, Amon, Zedekiah (II Chron. 36:14); Ahaz (736-721) replaced the altar of holocausts with another reproducing a model from Damascus (II Kings 16:10-14). It was restored or purified by Jehoshaphat (II Chron. 20:5), Joash of Judah (ibid. 24:4-14), Jotham (ibid. 27:3), Hezekiah (ibid. 28:34), Josiah (ibid. 34:3-7). With its treasures tribute was paid to invaders by Asa, Joash, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. …
24:7
… Sidonians, who introduced into her new homeland the cult of Baal and of A. (1 Kings 16:31-33; 18:19). Jezebel's daughter, Athaliah, who became the wife of Jehoram, king of Judah, introduced anew into Jerusalem the cult of the goddess (2 Kings 8:18; 2 Chron. 24:7, 18), where it then remained until the times of Jeremiah, that is, until the collapse of the kingdom of Judah; and even then the Hebrew women offered cakes and libations to A. (Jer. …
24:15
Joas (Heb. Jō'āf and Jēhō'āf; Greek: 'Iōzōz)
… Jehoiada's death, he allowed himself to be influenced by the syncretist party; and he had the inspired Zechariah, son or nephew of Jehoiada, killed in the court of the Temple, where the latter rebuked the people for their renewed unfaithfulness toward Yahweh (2 Chron. 24:15-22; Mt. 23:35; Lk. 11:51). The following year (798), he was humiliated by Hazael; I. freed himself from him by giving him the entire treasury of the Temple and of the palace. …
Zacharias (Heb. Zēhharjâh « Yahweh has remembered »)
… The other hypothesis also has its probabilities, which considers Barachiah as the true father of Z., while the extremely aged Jehoiada (cf. II Chron. 24:15) would have been his grandfather. …
24:20
Barachias (Heb. Berekhjāh[ā] = "blessed by Jahweh")
… The question of the name of the father of the high priest Zechariah, who was the son of Jehoiada (2 Chron. 24:20-22), is an old one. Perhaps the parenthetical phrase "son of B.," which is missing in the Sinaitic codex and in the parallel passage of St. Luke (11:51), is a gloss that crept into the text. …
… After his death King Joash changed his conduct and gave himself over to idolatry; Zechariah (v.), son of J., who dared to reproach him publicly, was stoned in the court of the Temple (2 Chron. 24:20-25).
… Perhaps they are alluded to in Mt. 23, 35 (cf. II Par. 24, 20-22). The objectivity of the P. stands out from their concord with the Pentateuch, Samuel and Kings, as well as from the diligence with which the sources used are cited. …
Zacharias (Heb. Zēhharjâh « Yahweh has remembered »)
… He was killed "in the court of the Temple" (II Chron. 24:20-22). Since in Mt. 23:35 (cf. Lk. 11:51) Jesus reproaches the Jews for the killing of the prophets down to that of Z. "son of Barachiah," put to death "between the Temple and the altar"; …
… He is not to be confused with Zechariah of Mt. 23:35 (cf. II Chron. 24:20 ff.).
24:23
… II (A. Amiaud and V. Scheil, Les inscriptions de Salmanassar II, Paris 1890, p. 6), Di-ma-af-qa or Di-maf-qa in the Amarna letters; in biblical Hebrew it is Dammééq, but the Aramaic form is Darmééq in I Chron. 18, 5 and II Chron. 16, 2; 24, 23; 28, 5, 23; the Talmudic Darmééq, Darmééq; the Greek Δαμασκός. …
Joas (Heb. Jō'āf and Jēhō'āf; Greek: 'Iōzōz)
… Shortly afterward he was killed in his bed by two courtiers who avenged the blood of Zechariah (2 Kings 12:18-22; 2 Chron. 24:23-26).
24:27
… the kings of Judah and Israel" (ibid. 16, 11); "words (= deeds) of the kings of Israel" (ibid. 33, 18); it is not certain whether they are the same work, but they are distinguished from the canonical books of Kings; b) midhräism of the books of Kings (ibid. 24, 27) and of Addo the prophet (ibid. 13, 22); c) words of Samuel the seer, of Nathan the prophet, of Gad the seer (I Par. 29, 29); words of Shemaiah the prophet and of Addo the seer (II …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.