Ieremie putteth chaines about his owne necke, and then sendeth them to sundrie kinges, admonishing them, that they must either be subiect to the king of Babylon, 8. or perish by sword, famine, and pestilence. 14. Inueigheth against false prophetes preaching the contrarie. 16. and falsly affirming that the vessels already taken away shal quickly be restored. 18. wheras in dede the rest shal also be caried away, but al at last restored.
1In the beginning of the reign of Joakim the son of Josias king of Juda, this word came to Jeremias from the Lord, saying:Al principio del regno di Joachim figliuolo di Giosia, re di Giuda, il Signore parlò a Geremia in tal guisa:IN THE beginning of the kingdom of Ioakim, the sonne of Iosias king of Iuda, was this word made to Ieremie from our Lord, saying:In principio regni Joakim filii Josiæ regis Juda, factum est verbum istud ad Jeremiam a Domino, dicens: 2Thus saith the Lord to me: Make thee bands, and chains: and thou shalt put them on thy neck.Il Signore adunque mi disse: Fatti delle ritorte, e delle catene; e mettile sul tuo collo.Thus saith our Lord to me: Make thee bandes, and chaynes: and thou shalt put them on thy necke.Hæc dicit Dominus ad me: Fac tibi vincula et catenas, et pones eas in collo tuo, 3And thou shalt send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the children of Ammon, and to the king of Tyre, and to the king of Sidon: by the hand of the messengers that are come to Jerusalem to Sedecias the king of Juda.E le manderai al re di Edom, e al re di Moab, e al re de' figliuoli di Ammon, e al re di Tiro, e al re di Sidone per mezzo degli ambasciadori, che son venuti a Sedecia re di Giuda in Gerusalemme.And thou shalt send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the children of Ammon, and to the king of Tyre, and to the king of Sidon: by the hand of the messengers, that are come to Ierusalem to Sedecias the king of Iuda.et mittes eas ad regem Edom, et ad regem Moab, et ad regem filiorum Ammon, et ad regem Tyri, et ad regem Sidonis, in manu nuntiorum qui venerunt Jerusalem ad Sedeciam regem Juda. 4And thou shalt command them to speak to their masters: Thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel: Thus shall you say to your masters:E darai loro incumbenza di dire a' loro padroni: Queste cose dice il Signor degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele: queste cose direte a vostri padroni:And thou shalt command them that they speake to their lordes: Thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel: Thus shal you say to your lordes:Et præcipies eis ut ad dominos suos loquantur: Hæc dicit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël: Hæc dicetis ad dominos vestros: 5I made the earth, and the men and the beasts that are upon the face of the earth, by my great power, and by my stretched out arm: and I have given it to whom it seemed good in my eyes.Io creai la terra, e gli uomini, e le bestie, che sono sopra la faccia di lei, colla mia potenza grande, e col mio braccio sublime, e ne ho dato il dominio a chi mi è paruto.I made the earth, and men, and the beastes, that are vpon the face of the earth, in my great strength, and in my stretched out arme: and I haue geuen it to him, that pleased in mine eies.Ego feci terram, et homines, et jumenta quæ sunt super faciem terræ, in fortitudine mea magna, et in brachio meo extento, et dedi eam ei qui placuit in oculis meis.
6And now I have given all these lands into the hand of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon my servant: moreover also the beasts of the field I have given him to serve him.Io adunque adesso ho dato tutti questi paesi in potere di Nabucodonosor re di Babilonia mio servo; e gli ho dato ancora tutte le bestie della campagna, perchè servano a lui.And now therefore I haue geuen al these landes into the hand of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon my seruant: more ouer also the beastes of the field I haue geuen him, to serue him.Et nunc itaque ego dedi omnes terras istas in manu Nabuchodonosor regis Babylonis servi mei: insuper et bestias agri dedi ei, ut serviant illi: 7And all nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son’s son: till the time come for his land and himself: and many nations and great kings shall serve him.E servi di lui saranno tutti questi popoli, e del suo figliuolo, e del figliuolo del suo figlio, fino a tanto che venga il tempo di lui, e del suo regno: e serviranno a lui molte genti, e regi grandi.And al nations shal serue him, and his sonne, and his sonnes sonne: til the time come of his land and of himself: and manie nations and great kinges shal serue him.et servient ei omnes gentes, et filio ejus, et filio filii ejus, donec veniat tempus terræ ejus et ipsius: et servient ei gentes multæ et reges magni. 8But the nation and kingdom that will not serve Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and whosoever will not bend his neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon: I will visit upon that nation with the sword, and with famine, and with pestilence, saith the Lord: till I consume them by his hand.E quel popolo, e quel regno, che non servirà a Nabucodonosor re di Babilonia, e chiunque non piegherà il collo sotto il giogo del re di Babilonia, io visiterò quel popolo colla spada, colla fame, e colla peste, dice il Signore, fino a tanto che io gli abbia colla mia possanza distrutti.But the nation and kingdome that shal not serue Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon: and who soeuer shal not bowe his necke vnder the yoke of the king of Babylon: I wil visite vpon that nation with sword, and with famine, and with pestilence, saith our Lord: til I consume them in his hand.Gens autem et regnum quod non servierit Nabuchodonosor regi Babylonis, et quicumque non curvaverit collum suum sub jugo regis Babylonis, in gladio, et in fame, et in peste visitabo super gentem illam, ait Dominus, donec consumam eos in manu ejus. 9Therefore hearken not to your prophets, and diviners, and dreamers, and soothsayers, and sorcerers, that say to you: You shall not serve the king of Babylon.Voi adunque non date retta a' vostri profeti, e indovini, e interpreti de' sogni, e auguri, e maghi, i quali vi dicono: Voi non sarete servi del re di Babilonia.You therefore heare not your prophetes, and deuiners, and dreamers, and southsayers, and sorcerers, that say to you: You shal not serue the king of Babylon.Vos ergo nolite audire prophetas vestros, et divinos, et somniatores, et augures, et maleficos, qui dicunt vobis: Non servietis regi Babylonis:
10For they prophesy lies to you: to remove you far from your country, and cast you out, and to make you perish.Imperocché profetizzano a voi menzogne, per mandarvi lontano dalla vostra terra, e discacciarvene, e farvi perire.Because they prophecie lies vnto you: that they may make you far from your countrie, and cast you out, and you perish.quia mendacium prophetant vobis, ut longe vos faciant de terra vestra, et ejiciant vos, et pereatis. 11But the nation that shall bend down their neck under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and shall serve him: I will let them remain in their own land, saith the Lord: and they shall till it, and dwell in it.Ma quella nazione, che piegherà il collo al giogo del re di Babilonia, e servirà a lui, io la lascerò nella sua terra, dice il Signore, e la coltiverà, e la abiterà.But the nation, that shal submit their necke vnder the yoke of the king of Babylon, and shal serue him; the same wil I let alone in their owne land, saith our Lord: and they shal husband it, and dwel in it.Porro gens quæ subjecerit cervicem suam sub jugo regis Babylonis, et servierit ei, dimittam eam in terra sua, dicit Dominus, et colet eam, et habitabit in ea. 12And I spoke to Sedecias the king of Juda according to all these words, saying: Bend down your necks under the yoke of the king of Babylon, and serve him, and his people, and you shall live.E a Sedecia re di Giuda io annunziai, tutte queste medesime cose, dicendo: Piegate il vostro collo sotto il giogo del re di Babilonia, e siate servi di lui, e del suo popolo, e viverete.And to Sedecias the king of Iuda, I haue spoken according to al these wordes, saying: Submitte your neckes vnder the yoke of the king of Babylon, & serue him, and his people, & you shal liue.Et ad Sedeciam regem Juda locutus sum secundum omnia verba hæc, dicens: Subjicite colla vestra sub jugo regis Babylonis, et servite ei et populo ejus, et vivetis. 13Why will you die, thou and thy people by the sword, and by famine, and by the pestilence, as the Lord hath spoken against the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon?Per qual motivo morrete, e tu, e il tuo popolo di spada, di fame, e di peste, come ha predetto il Signore alla nazione, che non vorrà servire al re di Babilonia?Why wil you dye, thou and thy people with the sword, and famine, & the pestilence, as the Lord hath spoken to the nation, that wil not serue the king of Babylon?Quare moriemini, tu et populus tuus, gladio, et fame, et peste, sicut locutus est Dominus ad gentem quæ servire noluerit regi Babylonis ?
14Hearken not to the words of the prophets that say to you: You shall not serve the king of Babylon: for they tell you a lie.Non date retta alle parole di que' profeti, i quali vi dicono: Voi non sa rete servi del re di Babilonia: imperocché eglino vi dicon bugia.Heare not the wordes of the prophetes that say to you: You shal not serue the king of Babylon: because they speake a lie to you.Nolite audire verba prophetarum dicentium vobis: Non servietis regi Babylonis: quia mendacium ipsi loquuntur vobis: 15For I have not sent them, saith the Lord: and they prophesy in my name falsely: to drive you out, and that you may perish, both you, and the prophets that prophesy to you.Conciossiachè io non li ho mandati, dice il Signore, e profetizzano menzogne nel nome mio, perchè siate discacciati, e andiate in perdizione tanto voi, che i profeti, i quali vi predicono il futuro.Because I sent them not, saith our Lord: & they prophecie in my name falsely: that they may cast you out, & you perish, as wel you, as the prophetes that prophecie vnto you.quia non misi eos, ait Dominus, et ipsi prophetant in nomine meo mendaciter, ut ejiciant vos, et pereatis, tam vos quam prophetæ qui vaticinantur vobis. 16I spoke also to the priests, and to this people, saying: Thus saith the Lord: Hearken not to the words of your prophets, that prophesy to you, saying: Behold the vessels of the Lord shall now in a short time be brought again from Babylon: for they prophesy a lie unto you.E a' sacerdoti, e a questo popolo io parlai, dicendo: Queste cose dice il Signore: Non date retta alle parole de' vostri profeti, i quali profetizzano a voi, dicendo: Ecco che i vasi del Signore torneranno da Babilonia adesso in breve, conciossiachè vi profetizzano menzogne.And to the priestes, and to this people I haue spoken, saying: Thus saith our Lord: Heare not the wordes of your prophetes, that prophecie to you, saying: Behold the vessels of our Lord shal returne out of Babylon euen now quickly, for they prophecie a lie vnto you.Et ad sacerdotes, et ad populum istum, locutus sum, dicens: Hæc dicit Dominus: Nolite audire verba prophetarum vestrorum, qui prophetant vobis, dicentes: Ecce vasa Domini revertentur de Babylone nunc cito: mendacium enim prophetant vobis. 17Therefore hearken not to them, but serve the king of Babylon, that you may live. Why should this city be given up to desolation?Non vogliate adunque ascoltarli, ma servite al re di Babilonia, affin di salvare la vita. Perchè sarà ella renduta un deserto questa città?Therefore heare them not, but serue the king of Babylon, that you may liue. Why is this citie geuen into desolation?Nolite ergo audire eos: sed servite regi Babylonis, ut vivatis: quare datur hæc civitas in solitudinem ?
18But if they be prophets, and the word of the Lord be in them: let them interpose themselves before the Lord of hosts, that the vessels which were left in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Juda, and in Jerusalem, may not go to Babylon.Ed eglino se son profeti, e se è in essi la Parola del Signore, s'interpongano presso il Signore degli eserciti, affinchè i vasi, che son rimasi nella casa del Signore, e nella casa del re di Giuda, e in Gerusalemme, non vadano a Babilonia.And if they be prophetes, and the word of our Lord be in them: let them interpose themselues before the Lord of hostes, that the vessels which were leaft in the house of our Lord, and in the house of the king of Iuda, and in Ierusalem, come not into Babylon.Et si prophetæ sunt, et est verbum Domini in eis, occurrant Domino exercituum, ut non veniant vasa quæ derelicta fuerant in domo Domini, et in domo regis Juda, et in Jerusalem, in Babylonem. 19For thus saith the Lord of hosts to the pillars, and to the sea, and to the bases, and to the rest of the vessels that remain in this city:Imperocchè queste cose dice il Signor degli eserciti intorno alle colonne, al mare (di bronzo), e alle basi, e agli altri vasi, che restarono in questa città,Because thus saith the Lord of hostes to the pillars, and to the sea, and to the feete, and to the rest of the vessels, that are remayning in this citie.Quia hæc dicit Dominus exercituum ad columnas, et ad mare, et ad bases, et ad reliqua vasorum quæ remanserunt in civitate hac, 20Which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon did not take, when he carried away Jechonias the son of Joakim the king of Juda, from Jerusalem to Babylon, and all the great men of Juda and Jerusalem.I quali il re di Babilonia, Nabucodonosor non portò via, quando trasportò da Gerusalemme in Babilonia Jechonia figliuolo di Joachim, re di Giuda, e tutti i magnati di Giuda, e di Gerusalemme.Which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon, tooke not when he transported Ieconias the sonne of Ioakim, the king of Iuda, from Ierusalem into Babylon, and al the great men of Iuda and Ierusalem.quæ non tulit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis cum transferret Jechoniam filium Joakim regem Juda de Jerusalem in Babylonem, et omnes optimates Juda et Jerusalem: 21For thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel, to the vessels that are left in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Juda and Jerusalem:Or queste cose dice il Signor degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele intorno a' vasi, che rimasero nella casa del Signore, e nella casa del re di Giuda, e in Gerusalemme:Because thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel to the vessels, that are left in the house of our Lord, and in the house of the king of Iuda and Ierusalem:quia hæc dicit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël, ad vasa quæ derelicta sunt in domo Domini, et in domo regis Juda et Jerusalem:
22They shall be carried to Babylon, and there they shall be until the day of their visitation, saith the Lord: and I will cause them to be brought, and to be restored in this place.Saran trasportati a Babilonia, ed ivi staranno sino a tanto, che questa sia visitata, dice il Signore, e io li farò riportare, e restituire a questo luogo.They shal be transported into Babylon, and there they shal be vntil the day of their visitation, saith our Lord: and I wil cause them to be brought, and to be restored in this place.In Babylonem transferentur, et ibi erunt usque ad diem visitationis suæ, dicit Dominus, et afferri faciam ea, et restitui in loco isto.
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Year of the World 3395, Year before Christ 609.
Challoner
Joakim. This revelation was made to the prophet in the beginning of the reign of Joakim: but the bands were not sent, to the princes here named, before the reign of Sedecias, ver. 3. (Challoner)
Tirinus
He wore them six or seven years. (Vatable) (Tirinus)
Calmet
But this is uncertain. Septuagint omit this title. Syriac, Arabic, etc., read "Sedecias." (Calmet)
Haydock
As far as Juda may belong to the last chapter. St. Jerome includes the whole verse. (Haydock)
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St. Jerome
Chains. Hebrew, "a yoke and pole," (Calmet) or piece of wood for the necks of slaves. (St. Jerome)
Haydock
Thus would the servitude of these nations be clearly represented. (Haydock)
Worthington
Bands and chains were proper signs, as they were used to bind captives. (Worthington)
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Edom. Thus he exercises the function of prophet among the nations, Jeremias 1:5. These had come to compliment Sedecias, or rather to form a league.
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Calmet
Eyes. God disposes of all princes, etc. His prophets speak boldly. (Calmet)
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St. Jerome
Beasts. The property of those people, or the most barbarous nations. (St. Jerome)
Worthington
Hangmen and executioners may in the same sense be styled God's servants. (Worthington)
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Challoner
His son; viz., Evilmerodach, and his son's son, viz., Nabonydus, or Nabonadius, the Baltassar of Daniel, (chap. 5.) and the last of the Chaldean kings. (Challoner)
Come. It will not be long before this rod is cast into the fire, the usual fate of those who execute God's vengeance.
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Prophets, who deluded the Jews, as diviners did the Gentiles.
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To remove. Hebrew, "that I may," etc. This will be the effect, though contrary to their intention.
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Haydock
In it. None complied, and though the Idumeans, etc., joined the Chaldeans against Juda, they were punished (Calmet) for their former league, ver. 3. (Haydock)
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Time. Hananias specified two years, (chap. 28:3.) which proved false. Some "silver vessels," (Baruch 1:8.) and not those of gold, it seems, (Calmet) or not all, (Haydock) were restored at the request of Saraias, Jeremias 51:59.
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Calmet
Hosts. If they prevail, account me a false prophet. (Calmet)
Worthington
The things taken shall not be soon restored; but more shall be conveyed away. (Worthington)
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St. Jerome
To thee. Hebrew also, "concerning," as [in] ver. 21., (Haydock) though (Calmet) inanimate things are often spoken to. (St. Jerome)
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His son.... Viz., Evilmerodach; and his son’s son, Nabonydus, or Nabonadius, the Baltassar of Daniel, chap. 5., and the last of the Chaldean kings.
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Bandes and chaynes are apt signes of captiuitie, because they are the very instruments wherwith captiues are bond.
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Hangmen, or executioners are Gods instruments, & his seruantes in punishing the wicked.
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Concordanza Ch. 23. & 29.
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Concordanza Ch. 14.
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It is so false that the treasures caried away shal quickly be restored, that in dede more shal be caried away before the former be recouered.
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Concordanza 4 Reg. 25.
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Concordanza 4 Reg. 24.
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Concordanza 4. Reg. 25.
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san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Epistle to the Hebrews 26
… for he ruled over the whole [earth]; (and this is evident from Jeremiah. “Who putteth on the earth,” saith he, “as a garment.” (See Jer. xliii. 12 and Ps. civ. 2 .) And again, “I have given it to Nebuchadnezzar My servant” (
san Girolamo † 420 d.C. The Letters of St. Jerome 60.17
… It is our sins which make the barbarians strong, it is our vices which vanquish Rome’s soldiers: and, as if there were here too little material for carnage, civil wars have made almost greater havoc among us than the swords of foreign foes. Miserable must those Israelites have been compared with whom Nebuchadnezzar was called God’s servant.
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Afraate † 346 d.C. Aphrahat: Select Demonstrations 17.6
6. For by the mouth of His prophet God called the heathen King Nebuchadnezzar, King of Kings. For Jeremiah said:— Every people and kingdom that shall not put his neck into the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar, King of Kings, My servant, with famine and with sword and with pestilence will I visit that people .
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1. IN PRINCIPIO REGNI JOAKIM. - S. Hieronymus, Rabanus, Hugo, Maldonatus et Sanchez referunt hunc primum vers. ad finem cap. præcedentis; nam quæ mox sequuntur, non sub Joakim, sed Sedecia contigisse patet vers. 3. Olim enim Scriptura non erat distincta per capita, sed postea per ea varie a variis divisa fuit, ut patet ex Œcumenio, Areta et Euthymio; vide Sixtum Senensem, lib. III, tit. De partitione methodus quarta. Verum Septuaginta editionis Complutensis, Chaldæus, Biblia Romana, et alii hinc ordiuntur cap. XXVII, hæcque cum eo recte cohærent, non autem cum fine capitis præcedentis. Dico ergo, mox ut ab Ahicam a morte liberatus est Jeremias, sub initium regni Joakim, cum regnaret adhuc Nabuchodonosor senior (nam junior cœpit regnare anno tertio Joakim) jussisse Deum Jeremiæ, ut gestaret vincula, ut iis ad vivum repræsentaret vincula et captivitatem Judæorum; sicut Isaias, cap. XX, jussus est ambulare nudus, ut repræsentaret expilationem Judæorum. Deinde sub Sedecia jussus est Jeremias hæc vincula mittere ad reges vicinos, ut patet hic vers. 3. Gestavit ergo Jeremias hæc vincula vel continuo, vel per intervalla, per annos 15, scilicet ab anno 1 Joakim usque ad annum 4 Sedeciæ, ut patet cap. seq., vers. 1. Ita Hebræi, Lyranus, Vatablus et Castrius. Vide hic quomodo Deus suos Sanctos exerceat; fuit enim hæc Prophetæ longa æque ac molesta et probrosa pœnitentia ac mortificatio. DICENS (Hebraice לאמר lemor, id est ad dicendum, ut scilicet verbum hoc a Deo acceptum annuntiarem aliis, eisque dicerem: Audite): HÆC DICIT DOMINUS AD ME, - ut vobis ea prædicem.
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2. VINCULA, - scilicet funes, quibus jugum collo aut cornibus boum alligatur; hi enim hebraice vocantur מוסרת moserot. Ita Jeremias non tantum verbis, sed et rebus ipsis futura prænuntiat, gestans lora quasi bos ad aratrum; et catenas quasi servus ad furcam damnatus. ET CATENAS, - scilicet ligneas, quæ quasi compedes collum stringant, sicut jugum stringit collum bovis aut porci, ne sepes perrumpat; aut sicut servi olim gestabant furcas, quæ erant instar litteræ V, ait Varro; scilicet erant instar trianguli, qui duobus lignis constans, fune vel catena, aut tertio ligno clauditur. Id ita esse patet cap. seq., vers. 13; hebraice est מוט mot, id est, ut Chaldæus et Vatablus, juga, scilicet ut ipsa significent Nabuchodonosorem jugum servitutis omnibus gentibus impositurum, eo quod ipsæ, præsertim Judæi, suave Dei jugum recusarint, imo excusserint, dixerintque: « Non serviam, » cap. II, vers. 20.
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3. NUNTIORUM QUI VENERUNT. - Hugo, Lyranus, Vatablus et Maldonatus, putant hos nuntios missos esse a vicinis regibus, ut Sedeciæ novo regi de regno gratularentur, eumque ad rebellionem incitarent, utque, inito inter se fœdere, Chaldæis adventantibus resisterent, eorumque imperium excuterent, itaque liberarentur a tributo quod eis pendebant; quare Jeremias jussu Dei contrarium hic eis jubet et præcipit, ut scilicet Chaldæis se subdant.
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5. ET DEDI EAM, - q. d. Idcirco dabo, vel dare soleo eam cui voluero.
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6. ITAQUE DEDI OMNES TERRAS ISTAS IN MANU NABUCHODONOSOR. - « Dedi, » id est tradidi, non donavi, sicut res aliena traditur furi aut tyranno. Nec enim Deus hic jus et titulum dedit Nabuchodonosori invadendi Judæam aliaque regna, cum ob hanc tyrannidem postea eum punierit et everterit, uti dixi cap. XXV, vers. 12. ET BESTIAS AGRI DEDI EI. - Per bestias intellige barbaras nationes. Ita S. Hieronymus, Theodoretus, Rabanus. Secundo, et potius proprie accipe bestias; quia, subjecta terra, homines et bestiæ sunt subjectæ. Ita S. Hieronymus, Rabanus, Hugo. Alludit ad Nabuchodonosorem, quasi leonem, cui omnes bestiæ se subdunt, q. d. Multo ergo magis vos, o homines, tali leoni vos subjicite, ni leonis ungues experiri velitis. Non enim vilitas, sed « dignitas est servum esse potentis, » ait S. Ambrosius in cap. I epist. ad Timoth.
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7. ET SERVIENT EI OMNES GENTES, ET FILIO EJUS, ET FILIO FILII EJUS. - Hinc Hebræi, S. Hieronymus, Rabanus, S. Thomas, Lyranus et Vatablus, non quatuor aut quinque, uti faciunt Berosus, Josephus et alii; sed tres tantum numerant reges Babylonis, scilicet primus fuit Nabuchodonosor, qui regnavit ab anno 3 Joakim ad annum 37 post transmigrationem Joakim, per 45 annos, ut patet IV Reg. XXV, 27, collato cum Daniel. I, 1; secundus fuit Evilmerodach, Nabuchodonosoris filius, qui regnavit per annos 18, ut vult Josephus, vel 23, uti volunt Hebræi; tertius fuit Balsasar, filius Evilmerodach, qui regnavit annos tres, uti tradunt Hebræi in Seder Olam. Verum alii aliter hos tres reges enumerant, nam Nabuchodonosorem hunc intelligunt seniorem, qui et Nabonassar vel Nabolassar est dictus, quique, teste Josepho, lib. X, cap. XI, ex Beroso, regnavit 24 annis: hæc enim dicta sunt Jeremiæ, initio regni Joakim; tunc autem adhuc regnabat hic primus Nabuchodonosor. Nam secundus Nabuchodonosor, prioris hujus filius cœpit regnare anno 3 Joakim. Hinc ergo senior Nabuchodonosor est pater; hujus filius est Nabuchodonosor junior, qui Magnus est dictus, quique evertit Jerusalem, et plurimas gentes, atque regnavit 43 annis; nepos sive filius filii, puta filius Nabuchodonosoris Magni, est Evilmerodach, qui et Balsasar est dictus. Nam Evilmerodach eumdem esse cum Balsasar, eumque esse filium Nabuchodonosoris Magni, non nepotem, colligitur ex Baruch I, 11. Vide dicta Daniel. V, 1. Dices, II Paralip. cap. ult., vers. 10, dicitur: « Ut serviant Nabuchodonosori (scilicet Magno), et filiis ejus. » Respondeo « filiis, » id est posteris, sive uni, sive pluribus; non enim vult eos enumerare, sed tantum dicere, quod omnibus ejus posteris servient Judæi. Nota: To servient ei omnes gentes, partim inchoate, partim respective accipiendum est. Inchoate, quia cœpit Nabuchodonosor senior vicinas gentes subigere; sed complete omnes, id est plurimas, subegit Nabuchodonosor Magnus, senioris filius: servient ergo, id est servire incipient; significatur enim actus inchoatus, non completus. Respective, quia to servient respicit partim patrem, partim filium, et filium filii; quædam enim gentes servierunt Nabuchodonosori seniori, quædam et plures servierunt Nabuchodonosori juniori sive Magno, et Balsasari. DONEC VENIAT TEMPUS TERRÆ EJUS, - scilicet ultionis; Chaldæus, interitus, quando scilicet Cyrus terram Chaldæorum puniet et subiget. Ea enim subacta, nullæ gentes amplius servierunt Chaldæis, utpote jam subactis. Quin et Cyrus, uti Judæis, ita et ceteris gentibus in Babylone captivis, ea devicta, videtur libertatem ad sua redeundi dedisse. Hoc est enim quod promisit Jeremias, cap. XLIX, vers. 6: « Post hæc reverti faciam captivos filios Ammon. » Idem de Moab ait cap. XLVIII, vers. 47, et de Ælam, cap. XLIX, vers. 39, et de Ægyptiis, cap. XLVI, vers. 26. Ita Sanchez, cap. XXV, vers. 11. SERVIENT EI GENTES MULTÆ, ET REGES MAGNI. - Ita Hebræus, Chaldæus, Septuaginta, et hoc exigunt sequentia; unde mirum est Symmachum, S. Hieronymum in Comment., et Vatablum vertere: Et subjicient eam (scilicet Babylonem) servituti gentes multæ et reges magni, scilicet Cyrus et Darius.
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9. MALEFICOS, - Vatablus, veneficos, scilicet necromanticos, qui ex sanguine et victimis dæmoni immolatis divinant. Ita et Lyranus.
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10. UT, etc., EJICIANT, - ut causa sint, cur ego vos ejiciam de terra vestra: to ut significat eventum et consecutionem, non causam, q. d. Dum vobis persuadent pseudoprophetæ ut resistatis Chaldæis, efficient ut illi vos captivos abducant: si enim vos eis dederetis, sinerent vos in terra vestra manere vectigales. Hæc vicinis regibus dicuntur, sequentia Sedeciæ et Judæis.
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16. VASA DOMINI, - vasa templi Domini, quæ in Babylonem cum Joakim transtulit Nabuchodonosor, anno 3 Joakim, IV Reg. XXIV, 13.
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17. QUARE DATUR? - cur dabitur, cur destruetur Jerusalem, cum facile servari possit, si vos Chaldæo dedatis?
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18. SI PROPHETÆ SUNT (veri), OCCURRANT, - scilicet precibus suis resistendo, et flectendo Dei iram ad misericordiam, ut non permittat vasa templi reliqua in Babylonem asportari, q. d. Adeo vasa a Chaldæis e templo Dei in Babylonem translata non reducentur, uti pseudoprophetæ falso vaticinantur, ut etiam quæ reliqua sunt in templo, ab eisdem in Babylonem sint transferenda, uti factum est per Nabuzardan, IV Reg. XXV, 13.
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19. AD COLUMNAS. - id est de columnis, mari æneo et basibus: hæc enim tria reliqua fuerunt quæ postea confregit, et cum Sedecia in Babylonem transtulit Nabuchodonosor, IV Reg. cap. XXV, vers. 13 et 16.
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21. AD VASA, - de vasis. Vide simile cap. XXVI, vers. 12. Sic alibi sæpe ad sumitur pro de, ut Hebr. I, 7, et XV, 13, et alibi.
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22. USQUE AD DIEM VISITATIONIS SUÆ, - id est liberationis suæ per Cyrum.
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Hic praemisso claro titulo, excludit falsas consolationes prophetarum: et primo in generali; secundo descendendo ad quosdam speciales prophetas, cap. 28: et factum est in anno illo. Circa primum duo. Primo excludit consolationes prophetarum gentilium; secundo prophetarum Judaeorum, ibi, et ad Sedeciam regem Juda locutus sum. Circa primum duo. Primo praesignat prophetiam facto: fac tibi vincula, in signum servitutis gentium, in manu nuntiorum, qui missi fuerant ad confoederandum se regi Jerusalem, vel ad resistendum Nabuchodonosor. Oseae 12: ego visiones multiplicavi, et in manibus prophetarum assimilatus sum. Ezech. 3: et tu fili hominis, ecce data sunt super te vincula, et ligabunt te in eis, et non egredieris de medio eorum et cetera. Secundo exprimit eam verbo, et praecipies. Inducit autem eos ad subdendum se regi Babylonis, contra consilium prophetarum tripliciter. Primo ex Nabuchodonosor potentia, quam ostendit duobus modis. Primo ex divina concessione, ponens rerum creationem: ego feci terram, quantum ad opus creationis et dispositionis, homines, quantum ad opus ornatus, brachio, quod dicit applicationem potentiae ad opus. Isa. 42: firmans terram, et quae germinant ex ea.
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Et concludens concedendi auctoritatem: et dedi eam ei, homini, vel cuicumque. Daniel. 4: dominatur excelsus in regno hominum, et cuicumque voluerit dat illud. Et ostendens concessionem factam a Deo Nabuchodonosor, quantum ad homines: et nunc itaque ego dedi omnes terras istas in manu Nabuchodonosor. Dan. 5: Deus altissimus regum, magnam gloriam, et honorem dedit Nabuchodonosor patri tuo. Et propter magnificentiam quam dederat ei, universi populi, tribus, et linguae tremebant, et metuebant eum et cetera.
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Et quantum ad bestias: insuper et bestias, et est locutio hyperbolica. Vel per bestias significantur feroces homines, qui sub eo fuerunt. Vel quia subjectis hominibus, etiam bestiae eis subjectae illi subduntur. Unde Dan. 4: bestiae requiescebant sub umbra arboris, per quam significabatur Nabuchodonosor. Alio modo ostendit potentiam ejus ex gentium subjectione, et servient. Eccl. 3: omnia tempus habent.
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Tertio inducit eos ex rebellium poena, ponens poenam rebellium: gens autem, et regnum. Et ideo Rom. 13: necessitate subditi estote, non solum propter iram, sed etiam propter conscientiam.
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Et excludit consilium prophetarum: vos ergo nolite audire prophetas, quos dicunt gentiles per fulgorem intelligentiae agentis in animas ipsorum, etiam futura posse praescire, divinos, qui in templis idolorum, somniatores qui ex somniis, augures, qui ex garritu avium, maleficos, qui ex conjuratione Daemonum futura praedicunt. Supra 23: nolite audire verba prophetarum qui prophetant vobis, et decipiunt vos. Visionem cordis sui loquuntur, non de ore domini et cetera.
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Et assignat pro causa, prophetarum mendacium: quia mendacium prophetant, et imminens periculum, ut longe faciant, et est ut consecutivum. 3 Reg. ult.: ero spiritus mendax in ore omnium prophetarum. Tertio inducit eos ex obedientium gratia, quam a domino consequentur: porro gens. Infra 40: nolite timere servire Chaldaeis: habitate in terra, et servite regi Babylonis, et bene erit vobis.
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Quia illi nuntii possent dicere, quare talia suae genti intentae ad rebellionem non dixit; hic respondet se eis eadem dixisse. Et primo ponitur admonitio ipsius ad regem; secundo ad sacerdotes, et ad plebem, ibi, et ad sacerdotes, et ad populum istum locutus sum. Circa primum duo. Primo ponit bonum consilium, ponens ipsum: subjicite colla. 1 Pet. 2: servi subditi estote in omni timore dominis, non tantum bonis et modestis, sed etiam discolis.
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Et proponens imminens periculum: quare moriemini? Supra 21: qui habitaverit in urbe hac, morietur gladio, et fame, et peste; qui autem egressus fuerit, et transfugerit ad Chaldaeos, qui obsident vos, vivet, et erit ei anima sua quasi spolium.
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Secundo excludit falsum consilium prophetarum: nolite audire, tribus de causis. Primo propter fallacem promissionem, quia mendacium. Ezech. 22: prophetae ejus liniebant eos absque temperamento, videntes vana, et divinantes eis mendacium; dicentes: haec dicit dominus, cum dominus non sit locutus. Secundo propter praesumptam auctoritatem: quoniam non misi. Supra 23: non mittebam eos, et ipsi currebant; non loquebar ad eos, et ipsi prophetabant. Tertio propter poenam imminentem: ut ejiciant vos, occasionaliter. Oseae 4: corrues tu hodie et corruet etiam propheta tecum.
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Hic ponitur admonitio ad sacerdotes, et ad plebem: et primo excludit falsum consilium: nolite audire (...) ecce vasa, quae asportata fuerunt in Babylonem cum Jechonia: 4 Reg. 24.
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Et assignat causam: proponens prophetarum mendacium: mendacium enim prophetant vobis: servitutis fructum, ut vivatis: rebellionis periculum: quare datur haec civitas in solitudinem? Supra 21: qui egressus fuerit, et transfugerit ad Chaldaeos, qui obsident vos, vivet et cetera. Secundo petit veritatis indicium: et si prophetae sunt; quasi dicat: faciant quod minus est, scilicet quae remanserunt non absportari, occurrendo Deo orationibus, ut credatur eis quod majus est, scilicet asportata reportari. Ezech. 13: non ascendistis ex adverso, neque opposuistis murum pro domo Israel, ut staretis in praelio in die domini. Tertio proponit manifestum falsitatis argumentum per locum a majori, quia quod magis videtur non fiet, ut scilicet relicta vasa remaneant; nec ergo quod minus, ut scilicet asportata referantur. Quia haec dicit dominus ad columnas, duas quae fecit Salomon in porticu, et ad bases, earum, et ad mare, vas in quo servabatur aqua ad ablutionem sacerdotum, quod erat positum supra duodecim bases; de quibus omnibus habetur 3 Reg. 7. Et resumit: quia haec dicit dominus, propter vasa templi, quia non moverat nisi vasa quae erant in porticu. 1 Mach. 2: vasa gloriae ejus captiva adducta sunt. Et promittit in longum tempus futurum, eorum reportationem: et afferri faciam ea, temporibus Cyri. 1 Esdr. 5. Cyrus rex protulit vasa sacra domini, quae transtulit Nabuchodonosor de Jerusalem, et consecravit ea idolo suo. Et proferens ea Cyrus rex Persarum tradidit Mithridato, qui erat super thesauros ipsius, per hunc autem tradita sunt Salmanasar praesidi Judaeae.
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… Ioakim (ca. 601 a. C.), schiere di Moabiti, Ammoniti ed Edomiti s'unirono alle forze caldee ed attaccarono Giuda (II Reg. 24, 2; cf. Ier. 12, 7-17). Nel 594 M., con Ammon, Edom, Tiro e Sidone, sollecitano Giuda alla ribellione contro Nabuchodonosor (Ier. 27, 1-11). Nel 588 si ribellò ai Caldei insieme a Giuda. …
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… Sul declino del sec. VII Geremia (Ier. 27, 3-9) attesta che c'erano nábhi' in Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tiro, Sidone, consultati dai re di questi Stati. …
SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… faccende palestinesi, la situazione si mantenne abbastanza tranquilla; ma l'anno della lui morte (593 a. C.) S., per istigazione del partito antibabilonese, promosse in Gerusalemme un convegno dei vari Stati palestinesi, Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tiro e Sidone (Ier. 27, 3) con l'evidente scopo di scuotere il giogo babilonese. …
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Gli scritti profetici abbondano di rimproveri contro il ricorso alla m. (cf. Os. 4, 12; Is. 2, 6; 3, 2 sg.; 57, 3; Ier. 27, 9; Mal. 3, 5), e l'avversione perdura negli scritti del Nuovo Testamento (Act. 8, 9; 13, 6.10; 19, 19). Ciò dimostra quanto fosse radicata nel popolo la tendenza verso la m.; in epoca …
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SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… 18 mesi, in attesa che arrivasse l'aiuto egizio; Geremia, che per la salvezza di Gerusalemme e della nazione consigliava la resa ai Caldei, fu gettato in prigione; anche qui S. continuò segretamente a consultarlo, senza però seguirne mai i consigli (Ier. 27, 17 sgg.; 38, 14 sgg.). …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.