M
1,585 articles · 72 under Mu · English index · Indice italiano-
Guilds (MAESTRANZE)
Term used in Sicily to designate the guilds of arts and crafts, which, numerous though under different names and with special characteristics, developed in… -
Muhammad (MAOMETTO)
Founder of Islam, b. at Mecca in an uncertain year, between 570 and 580 A.D., from the respectable but no longer rich and powerful Qurayshite family of the… -
Mühlbacher, Engelbert
Austrian historian, b. 4 Oct. 1843 at Gresten (Austria), d. 17 July 1903 at Vienna. He entered the abbey of St. Florian in 1862, of which he was a member until… -
Muis, Siméon Marotte de
Hebraist, b. at Orléans in 1587, d. at Paris in 1644. Archdeacon of Soissons, he held the chair of Hebrew at the «Collège de France» from 1614 until his death.… -
Mukachevo (Munkács), Diocese of (MUCAČEVO (MUNKÁCS), DIOCESI DI)
Ruthenian-Greek (Catholic), located in Hungary, which passed in 1920 to Czechoslovakia and in 1945 to Soviet Russia. The first known bishop is John (1491). The… -
Mukti
MUKTI: v. MOKSA. -
Mulieres Subintroductae
MULIERES SUBINTRODUCTAE: v. AGAPETE. -
Müllener, Johann
Missionary, b. in Bremen (Germany) on 4 Oct. 1673, d. in Szechwan on 17 Dec. 1742. He studied in Rome as a student of Propaganda Fide and was ordained a priest… -
Müller, Ernst Maria
Moral theologian, b. at Irritz (southern Moravia) on 30 Feb. 1822, d. at Linz on 28 Sept. 1888. A priest, in 1846 he was professor of pedagogy and from 1857 to… -
Müller, Friedrich Maximilian (Max Müller)
Philologist and mythologist, b. at Dessau on 6 Dec. 1823, professor at Oxford, where he d. on 28 Oct. 1900. His many-sided activity was carried on especially… -
Müller, Johannes
Historian, b. in Schaffhausen on 3 Jan. 1752, d. in Kassel on 11 May 1809. He is among the first historians who, overcoming the Enlightenment's aversion to the… -
Mullingar, Diocese of (MULLINGAR, DIOCESI DI)
MULLINGAR, DIOCESI di: v. MEATH, DIOCESI di. -
Multan, Diocese of (MULTAN, DIOCESI DI)
The mission of M. owes its origin to the Capuchin missionaries, who during and after the English occupation of the Punjab founded several stations with a… -
Multa Praeclare
Brief of Gregory XVI, of 24 April 1838, concerning the dioceses of the Portuguese Patronage in India. The expulsion of the Jesuits from the Portuguese colonies… -
Multatuli
Pseudonym of Eduard Douwes Dekker, man of letters, b. in Amsterdam on 2 March 1820, d. at Nieder-Inghelheim on 19 Feb. 1887. A brilliant writer with a fiery… -
Multiplication of Penalties (MOLTIPLICAZIONE DI PENE)
MOLTIPLICAZIONE DI PENE : v. CONCORSO di REATI e di PENE. -
Multiplication of the Loaves (MOLTIPLICAZIONE DEI PANI)
The representation of the miracle of the m. of the loaves and fishes narrated by the four Evangelists (Mt. 14:13-21; Mk. 6:32-44; Lk. 9:10-17; Jn. 6:1-13) was… -
Multscher, Hans
Sculptor and painter, b. shortly before 1400 at Reichenhofen in the Allgäu, d. in the first months of 1467 at Ulm. Having moved to the latter city, he took… -
Mun, Albert de
Social organizer and politician, b. at Lumigny on 23 Feb. 1841, d. at Bordeaux on 6 Oct. 1914. Taken prisoner in the Franco-Prussian War and interned at… -
Munari, Pellegrino
Painter, b. in Modena ca. 1465 and d. there, murdered in a brawl, in Dec. 1523. In 1509 he painted in his native city an altarpiece for the hospital of S.… -
Muncunill y Parellada, Juan
Jesuit, theologian, b. at Fals (Barcelona) on 10 Sept. 1848, d. at Barcelona on 23 Jan. 1928. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1867, he taught philosophy… -
Mundus
By this term was indicated, in Rome, a small pit, dug in the Palatine, with a vaulted ceiling "in the likeness of the world that lies above us" (Cato, in… -
Munichie (Μουηχία)
Festivals celebrated in Attica on the 16th of Munichion in honor of Artemis Munichia, on the homonymous peninsula of Piraeus. They must have been quite… -
Munich (München) and Freising, Archdiocese of (MONACO (MÜNCHEN) E FRISINGA (FREISING), ARCIDIOCESI DI)
In Bavaria, over an area of 11,972 sq km; it has 2,057,220 inhabitants, of whom 1,744,574 are Catholics. It has 551 parishes served by 1,327 diocesan priests… -
Munificentissimus Deus
Opening words of the apostolic constitution by which Pius XII defined (Nov. 1, 1950) the dogma of the bodily Assumption of the Blessed Virgin into heaven (AAS… -
Münster, Diocese of (MÜNSTER, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in Westphalia (Germany). The diocese has an area of 15,128 sq. km., with 3,606,669 inhabitants, of whom 2,075,795 are Catholics. It has 622… -
Münster, Sebastian
Geographer, cosmographer and orientalist, b. at Nieder-Ingelheim in 1489, d. at Basel on 26 May 1552. In 1505 he took the Franciscan habit; he studied Greek… -
Muntz, Eugène (MÜNTZ, EUGÈNE)
Archaeologist and art historian, b. 11 June 1845 at Soultz-sous-Förets near Strasbourg, d. 30 Oct. 1902 in Paris. He was a member of the Académie de France and… -
Murano, School of Art of (MURANO, SCUOLA ARTISTICA DI)
In the course of the 15th century, M. gave birth to a considerable number of artists who, although without forming a pictorial school with characteristics of… -
Muratorian Canon (CANONE MURATORIANO)
CANONE MURATORIANO: v. MURATORIANO, CANONE. -
Muratorian Canon (MURATORIANO, CANONE)
Fragment discovered by L. A. Muratori in a Latin codex of the 8th century, coming from Bobbio, preserved in the Ambrosian Library of Milan (I 101 sup.), and… -
Muratori, Ludovico Antonio
Autograph reply to the letter of the anonymous Florentine on the edition of Villani's Cronache, published by Argelati on 3 Oct. 1730 - Modena, Biblioteca… -
Muravev, Andrei Nikolaevich (MURAVEV, ANDREA NICOLAEVIĆ)
Russian writer and theologian, b. 1806, d. 1874. The account of his pilgrimage to the Holy Land (St. Petersburg 1832) drew upon him the attention of Emperor… -
Murcia, Diocese of (MURCIA, DIOCESI DI)
MURCIA, DIOCESI di: v. CARTAGENA, DIOCESI di. -
Murialdo, Leonardo, Servant of God (MURIALDO, LEONARDO, SERVO DI DIO)
Founder of the Pious Society of St. Joseph of Turin (Giuseppini), b. in Turin on 26 Oct. 1828, d. there on 30 May 1900. Educated first at Savona, with the… -
Murillo, Bartolomé Esteban
Painter, b. in Seville on 31 Dec. 1617, d. there on 3 Apr. 1682. His father Gaspare Esteban was also a painter; but M., left an orphan, was raised by his aunt… -
Muris, Johannes de
Astronomer, mathematician, philosopher and music theorist, b. in Normandy before 1300 and d. in 1351. He was at the Sorbonne in Paris, of which it has been… -
Murmellius, Johannes
Dutch humanist, b. at Roermond in 1480, d. in Oct. 1517. Around 1493 he was at the school of the Brethren of the Common Life in Deventer; in 1496 at the… -
Murmuring (MORMORAZIONE)
MORMORAZIONE : v. DETRAZIONE. -
Murner, Thomas
Anti-Lutheran theologian and polemicist, of the Conventual Friars Minor, b. at Oberchnheim (Obernai), in Alsace, on 24 Dec. 1475, d. there on 22 Aug. 1537. He… -
Muro Lucano, Diocese of (MURO LUCANO, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the province of Potenza. Over an area of 510.38 sq km, it has a population of 35,000 inhabitants, all Catholics, 14 parishes and 38… -
Murri, Romolo
Priest and sociologist, b. at Montesampietrangeli (province of Ascoli Piceno, diocese of Fermo) on 27 Aug. 1870, d. in Rome on 12 March 1944. He completed his… -
Museum and Museology (MUSEO E MUSEOLOGIA)
The term "museum" denotes a collection of works of art or of subjects from a particular historical period and milieu, or relics of a scientific character… -
Museum of Marseille (MUSEO DI MARSIGLIA)
According to Gennadius (De vir. ill., 79), he wrote a Lectionary ("excerptit ex S. Scripturis lectionum totius anni festivis apta diebus responsoria etiam… -
Music (MUSICA)
The philosophical concept of music, which among the ancients had a predominantly ethical character and among the moderns falls within the vast framework of… -
Musical Confraternities (CONFRATERNITE MUSICALI)
Associations of music lovers and professionals (masters, singers, organists and organ builders, players and makers of musical instruments), who under the… -
Musical Instruments (STRUMENTI MUSICALI)
I. IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. Among the Hebrews music was practiced principally in religious manifestations by the priestly class in the Temple and outside it, and… -
Musical Notation (NOTAZIONE MUSICALE)
NOTAZIONE MUSICALE : v. PALEOGRAFIA. -
Musical Paleography (PALEOGRAFIA MUSICALE)
It is the science of ancient notations, of the systems used to translate music into the visual field. In the broadest sense, its subject is therefore the… -
Musil, Alois
Czech Orientalist and explorer, b. at Rychtárov (Moravia) on 30 June 1868, d. at Otryby on 12 April 1946. Ordained a priest at Olomouc in 1891, he continued… -
Musitano, Carlo
Priest and physician, b. at Castrovillari on 6 Jan. 1635, d. at Naples in 1714. He studied letters, philosophy and theology at the Studium of the Conventuals… -
Muslim Art (MUSULMANA, ARTE)
The Arabs, by extending their religious and political occupation over the territories of North Africa and the Middle East, made the culture and art of the… -
Musoma, Apostolic Prefecture of (MUSOMA, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
It is situated in the north-western part of the territory of Tanganyika, on the south-eastern shore of Lake Victoria; it is entrusted to the Society for… -
Muspilli
Title of a poetic fragment of 105 alliterative verses, in the 9th-century Bavarian dialect, from the monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg, and so called… -
Mussato, Albertino
Man of letters, b. in Padua in 1261, probably to Alberto Mussio, d. at Chioggia on 31 May 1329. He was a skilled diplomat, a politician endowed with very fine… -
Musset, Alfred de
French Romantic poet, b. 11 Dec. 1810 in Paris, d. there 1 May 1857. He identified love as the ideal of life and of poetry and, lacking interest in any other… -
Mussini, Augusto, Fra' Paolo
Painter, b. in Reggio Emilia on 20 Jan. 1870, d. in Rome on 1 Nov. 1918. Having soon become known as the author of good portraits and genre compositions, in… -
Mussini, Luigi
Painter, b. in Berlin on 19 Dec. 1813, d. in Siena on 18 June 1888. A pupil of Bezzuoli at the Florentine Academy, he took part in the Purist movement, and was… -
Musso, Cornelio
Preacher and theologian of the Conventual Friars Minor, b. at Piacenza on 16 April 1511, d. at Rome on 9 Jan. 1574. He was a preacher and professor of… -
Mussolini, Benito
Italian politician, "duce of Fascism," b. at Predappio (Forlì) on 29 July 1883, killed at Giulino di Mezzegra (Como) on 28 Apr. 1945. Son of Alessandro, a… -
Mustafà, Domenico
Musician, b. at Sellano (Foligno) on 16 April 1829, d. at Montefalco on 14 March 1912. Gifted with a beautiful soprano voice, in 1848 he was admitted among the… -
Mustiola, Saint, Martyr (MUSTIOLA, SANTA, MARTIRE)
She is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 23 November, while in the Roman Martyrology, in agreement with the Passio, on 3 July. M. was a noblewoman… -
Mutation (MUTAZIONE)
This term is commonly used to indicate the sudden appearance of a new hereditary character, and as such the word was introduced by the botanist De Vries. Today… -
Mutel, Gustave-Charles-Marie
B. March 8, 1854 at Blumeray, diocese of Langres, and d. at Seoul on Jan. 23, 1933. On Oct. 11, 1873 he entered the Seminary of the Foreign Missions of Paris… -
Mutilation (MUTILAZIONE)
By m. is meant the cutting off or extirpation (here also any equivalent action, e.g., complete and perfect atrophy) by which a so-called organ (the eyes, the… -
Mutuality (MUTUALITÀ)
The concept of mutuality is closely connected to those of social insurance and insurance. In a technical sense, mutuality means the union of a group of persons… -
Mutual Teaching (MUTUO INSEGNAMENTO)
A teaching method consisting in the reciprocity of instruction, in that the more proficient pupils act as teachers and guides to their less instructed… -
Mutuo
It is the contract by which one party (the lender) delivers to the other (the borrower) a determined quantity of money or of other fungible things, and the… -
Muzalon, Theodore (MUZALON, TEODORO)
Byzantine statesman, orator and writer of the 13th century (d. 1295). He quickly succeeded in gaining the trust of the emperors Michael VIII Palaiologos and… -
Muzio, Girolamo
Scholar and polemicist, who proclaimed himself a Giustinopolitan from his native city (Capodistria), b. in Padua on 12 March 1496 to Cristoforo Nuzio (M. also… -
Muzzarelli, Alfonso
Jesuit, theologian and writer, b. at Ferrara on 22 Aug. 1749, d. at Paris on 25 May 1813. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1768 and, caught in 1773 by the… -
Muzzarelli, Carlo Emanuele dei Conti
Scholar and politician, b. in Bologna to a noble Ferrarese family on 3 April 1797, d. 10 April 1856. He enlisted at eighteen in the city's civic militia, then…