The Prophet lamenteth the destruction of Aegypt. 11. prosecuting his prophecie of the most lamentable destruction therof. 17. foreshewing that the more it is exalted in strength and glorie, so much more miserable shal be the fal therof.
1And it came to pass in the twelfth year, in the twelfth month, in the first day of the month, that the word of the Lord came to me, saying:L'anno duodecimo, il duodecimo mese, il dì primo del mese, il Signore parlommi, dicendo:AND it came to passe, the twelth yeare, in the twelth moneth, in the first of the moneth, the word of our Lord was made to me, saying:Et factum est, duodecimo anno, in mense duodecimo, in una mensis: factum est verbum Domini ad me, dicens: 2Son of man, take up a lamentation for Pharao the king of Egypt, and say to him: Thou art like the lion of the nations, and the dragon that is in the sea: and thou didst push with the horn in thy rivers, and didst trouble the waters with thy feet, and didst trample upon their streams.Figliuolo dell'uomo, intuona lugubre cantico sopra Faraone re dell'Egitto, e darai a lui: Tu fosti simile a un lione tralle nazioni, e al dragone, che sta nel mare: e ruotavi il corno ne' tuoi fiumi, e intorbidavi co' tuoi piedi le acque, e conculcavi le loro correnti.Sonne of man, take vp a lamentation vpon Pharao the king of Aegypt, & thou shalt say to him: Thou art likened to the Lion of the Gentils, and the dragon, that is in the sea: and thou didst strike with the horne in thy riuers, and didst truble the waters with thy fete, and didst conculcare their streames.Fili hominis, assume lamentum super Pharaonem regem Ægypti, et dices ad eum: Leoni gentium assimilatus es, / et draconi qui est in mari: / et ventilabas cornu in fluminibus tuis, / et conturbabas aquas pedibus tuis, / et conculcabas flumina earum. 3Therefore, thus saith the Lord God: I will spread out my net over thee with the multitude of many people, and I will draw thee up in my net.Per questo così dice il Signore Dio: Io con una turba di molti popoli stenderò sopra di te la mia rete, e col mio amo ti trarrò fuora.Therfore thus saith our Lord God: I wil spred my nette vpon thee in the multitude of manie peoples and I wil draw thee out in my nette.Propterea hæc dicit Dominus Deus: / Expandam super te rete meum in multitudine populorum multorum, / et extraham te in sagena mea. 4And I will throw thee out on the land, I will cast thee away into the open field and I will cause all the fowls of the air to dwell upon thee, and I will fill the beasts of all the earth with thee.E ti getterò sulla terra, ti lascerò in mezzo ai campi, e farò, che calino sopra di te tutti gli uccelli dell'aria, e di te satollerò le bestie di tutta la terra.And I wil throw thee forth on the ground, vpon the face of the filde wil I cast thee away: and I wil make al the foules of heauen to dwel vpon thee, and I wil fil of thee the beastes of al the earth.Et projiciam te in terram; / super faciem agri abjiciam te: / et habitare faciam super te omnia volatilia cæli, / et saturabo de te bestias universæ terræ.
5And I will lay thy flesh upon the mountains, and will fill thy hills with thy corruption,E le carni tue spargerò sopra i monti, e le tue colline saranno piene del tuo marciume.And I wil geue thy flesh vpon the moutaines, and wil fil the litle hilles with thy corruption.Et dabo carnes tuas super montes, / et implebo colles tuos sanie tua. 6And I will water the earth with thy stinking blood upon the mountains, and the valleys shall be filled with thee.E del tuo fetido sangue innaffierò la terra dei monti, e di esso saran ripiene le valli.And I wil water the earth with the stinche of thy bloud vpon the mountaines, and the valleis shal be filled of thee.Et irrigabo terram fœtore sanguinis tui super montes, / et valles implebuntur ex te. 7And I will cover the heavens, when thou shalt be put out, and I will make the stars thereof dark: I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light.E oscurerò il cielo nella tua morte, e farò annerir le sue stelle, cuoprirò di nuvole il sole, e la luna non darà la sua luce.And I wil couer the heauens, when thou shalt be extinguished, and I wil make the starres therof to waxe blacke: the sunne I wil couer with a cloude, and the moone shal not geue her light.Et operiam, cum extinctus fueris, cælum, / et nigrescere faciam stellas ejus: / solem nube tegam, / et luna non dabit lumen suum. 8I will make all the lights of heaven to mourn over thee and I will cause darkness upon thy land, saith the Lord God, when thy wounded shall fall in the midst of the land, saith the Lord God.Farò ai luminari tutti del cielo menar duolo sopra di te, e spanderò tenebre sopra la tua terra, dice il Signore Dio, allorché i tuoi cadranno feriti per la campagna, dice il Signore Dio.I wil make al the lightes of heauen to mourne vpon thee: & I wil geue darkenes vpon thy land, saith our Lord God, when thy wounded shal fal in the middes of the land, saith our Lord God.Omnia luminaria cæli mœrere faciam super te, / et dabo tenebras super terram tuam, / dicit Dominus Deus, / cum ceciderint vulnerati tui in medio terræ, / ait Dominus Deus. 9And I shall provoke to anger the heart of many people, when I shall have brought in thy destruction among the nations upon the lands, which thou knowest not.E riempirò di terrore il cuore di molti popoli, allorché la tua calamità farò pervenire a notizia delle genti in paesi non conosciuti da te.And I shal prouoke to anger the hart of manie peoples, when I shal haue brought in thy destruction in the Gentils vpon the landes, which thou knowest no•.Et irritabo cor populorum multorum, / cum induxero contritionem tuam in gentibus super terras quas nescis.
10And I will make many people to be amazed at thee, and their kings shall be horribly afraid for thee, when my sword shall begin to fly upon their faces: and they shall be astonished on a sudden, every one for his own life, in the day of their ruin.E del tuo caso farò, che restino sbigottiti molti popoli; e i loro regi in sommo orror tremeranno per te, quando principierà a lampeggiar la mia spada dinanzi a' loro occhi; e tutti saranno in timor grande per loro stessi nel giorno di tua rovina;And I wil make manie peoples to be astonied vpon thee, and their kinges, with exceding horrour shal be afraid vpon thee, when my sword shal beginne to flie vpon their faces: and they shal be astonied sodenly, euerie one for his life, in the day of thy ruine.Et stupescere faciam super te populos multos, / et reges eorum horrore nimio formidabunt super te, / cum volare cœperit gladius meus super facies eorum: / et obstupescent repente singuli pro anima sua in die ruinæ tuæ. 11For thus saith the Lord God: The sword of the king of Babylon shall come upon thee,Imperocché queste cose dice il Signore Dio: La spada del re di Babilonia verrà sopra di te.Because thus saith our Lord God:Quia hæc dicit Dominus Deus: / Gladius regis Babylonis veniet tibi. 12By the swords of the mighty I will overthrow thy multitude: all these nations are invincible: and they shall waste the pride of Egypt, and the multitude thereof shall be destroyed.Colle spade di que' forti abbatterò le molte tue schiere: tutte quelle genti sono invincibili: ed elle umilieranno la superbia dell'Egitto, e le sue schiere saran dissipate.The sword of the king of Babylon shal come to thee, in the swordes of the valients wil I ouerthrow thy multitude: inuincible are al these Gentils: and they shal waste the pride of Aegypt, and the multitude therof shal be dissipated.In gladiis fortium dejiciam multitudinem tuam: / inexpugnabiles omnes gentes hæ, / et vastabunt superbiam Ægypti, / et dissipabitur multitudo ejus. 13I will destroy also all the beasts thereof that were beside the great waters: and the foot of man shall trouble them no more, neither shall the hoof of beasts trouble them.E io sterminerò tutti i suoi giumenti, che pascolano sulle ripe delle grandi acque, queste non saranno intorbidate più da piede di uomo, né saranno intorbidate da zoccolo di giumento.And I wil destroy al the beasts therof, that were vpon verie manie waters: and the foote of man shal truble them no more, neither shal the hoofe of beasts truble them.Et perdam omnia jumenta ejus, / quæ erant super aquas plurimas: / et non conturbabit eas pes hominis ultra, / neque ungula jumentorum turbabit eas.
14Then will I make their waters clear, and cause their rivers to run like oil, saith the Lord God:Allora io renderò limpidissime le loro acque, e i loro fiumi faro simili all'olio, dice il Signore Dio,Then wil I make their waters most pure, and their riuers I wil bring as oile, saith our Lord God.Tunc purissimas reddam aquas eorum, / et flumina eorum quasi oleum adducam, / ait Dominus Deus, 15When I shall have made the land of Egypt desolate: and the land shall be destitute of her fulness, when I shall have struck all the inhabitants thereof and they shall know that I am the Lord.Quand'io avrò desolata la terra d'Egitto. Or questa terra sarà vuota di tutto quel, che la empie, quand'io avrò percossi tutti i suoi abitatori, e conosceranno, ch'io sono il Signore.When I shal haue made the Land of Aegypt desolate: and the land shal be made desert of her fulnes, when I shal haue strooken al the inhabitāts therof: & they shal know that I am the Lord.cum dedero terram Ægypti desolatam: / deseretur autem terra a plenitudine sua / quando percussero omnes habitatores ejus: / et scient quia ego Dominus. 16This is the lamentation, and they shall lament therewith: the daughters of the nations shall lament therewith for Egypt, and for the multitude thereof they shall lament therewith, saith the Lord God.Questo è il carme lugubre, e questo sarà cantato: le figlie delle nazioni lo canteranno; lo canteranno sopra l'Egitto, e sopra la sua gente, dice il Signore Dio.It is lamentation, and they shal lament it, the daughters of the Gentils shal lament it, vpon Aegypt, and vpon the multitude therof they shal lament it, saith our Lord God.Planctus est, et plangent eum: / filiæ gentium plangent eum: / super Ægyptum et super multitudinem ejus plangent eum, / ait Dominus Deus. 17And it came to pass in the twelfth year, in the fifteenth day of the month, that the word of the Lord came to me saying:E l'anno duodecimo, ai quindici del mese, il Signore parlommi, dicendo:And it came to passe in the twelfth yeare, in the fiftenth of the moneth, the word of our Lord was made to me, saying:Et factum est in duodecimo anno, in quintadecima mensis: factum est verbum Domini ad me, dicens: 18Son of man, sing a mournful song for the multitude of Egypt: and cast her down, both her, and the daughters of the mighty nations to the lowest part of the earth, with them that go down into the pit.Figliuolo dell'uomo, canta carme lugubre sopra il popolo dell'Egitto, e precipita lui, e le figlie di possenti nazioni nell'infima terra insieme con que', che scendono nella fossa.Sonne of man, sing a mourning song vpon the multitude of Aegypt: and plucke her downe, herself, and the daughters of the strong nations to the lowest earth with them, that goe downe into the lake.Fili hominis, cane lugubre super multitudinem Ægypti: / et detrahe eam ipsam, et filias gentium robustarum, ad terram ultimam, / cum his qui descendunt in lacum.
19Whom dost thou excel in beauty? go down and sleep with the uncircumcised.Che è quello, onde tu sei più rispettabile? Scendi a basso, e dormi tra gli incirconcisi.Fayrer then whom art thou? Descend, and sleepe with the vncircumcised.Quo pulchrior es ? / descende, et dormi cum incircumcisis. 20They shall fall in the midst of them that are slain with the sword: the sword is given, they have drawn her down, and all her people.Ei periranno di spada come la turba degli altri uccisi: è stata consegnata la spada: hanno gettato a terra (l'Egitto), e tutti i suoi popoli.In the middes of the slaine by the sword they shal fal: the sword is geuen, they haue drawen her, and al her peoples.In medio interfectorum gladio cadent; / gladius datus est: / attraxerunt eam et omnes populos ejus. 21The most mighty among the strong ones shall speak to him from the midst of hell, they that went down with his helpers and slept uncircumcised, slain by the sword.Volgeranno a lui la parola di mezzo all'inferno i più possenti guerrieri, che sceser laggiù co' suoi aiutatori, è morirono incirconcisi, uccisi di spada.The most mightie of the strong shal speake to him from the middes of hel, which went downe with his helpers, and slept vncircumcised, slame by the sword.Loquentur ei potentissimi robustorum de medio inferni, / qui cum auxiliatoribus ejus descenderunt, / et dormierunt incircumcisi interfecti gladio. 22Assur is there, and all his multitude: their graves are round about him, all of them slain, and that fell by the sword.Ivi l'Assiro, e tutto il suo popolo sepolto intorno a lui: tutti questi furono uccisi, e periron di spada.There Assur, and al his multitude: round about him their graues, al the slaine, and they that fel by the sword.Ibi Assur, et omnis multitudo ejus: / in circuitu illius sepulchra ejus, / omnes interfecti, et qui ceciderunt gladio. 23Whose graves are set in the lowest parts of the pit: and his multitude lay round about his grave: all of them slain, and fallen by the sword, they that heretofore spread terror in the land of the living.I quali son sepolti nel più profondo della fossa, e il popolo di lui giace all'intorno del suo sepolcro: tutti uccisi, e abbattuti dalla spada, eglino, che una volta ingombravano di spavento la terra de' vivi.Whose graues were made in the lowest lakes: and his multitude was made round about his graue: al the slaine, and they that fel by the sword, which sometime had geuen feare in the land of the liuing.Quorum data sunt sepulchra in novissimis laci, / et facta est multitudo ejus per gyrum sepulchri ejus: / universi interfecti, cadentesque gladio, / qui dederant quondam formidinem in terra viventium.
24There is Elam and all his multitude round about his grave, all of them slain, and fallen by the sword; that went down uncircumcised to the lowest parts of the earth: that caused their terror in the land of the living, and they have borne their shame with them that go down into the pit.Ivi Elam, e tutto il suo popolo intorno al suo sepolcro: tutti costoro uccisi, e atterrati dalla spada, i quali scesero incirconcisi nell'infima terra, eglino, che si fecer temere nella terra de' vivi, e portano la loro ignominia come quegli, che scendono nella fossa.There Aelam, and al the multitude therof round about her graue. al these slaine, and falling by the sword: that went downe vncircumcised to the lowest earth: which did put their terrour in the land of the liuing, and they haue borne their ignominie with them, that goe downe into the lake.Ibi Ælam, et omnis multitudo ejus per gyrum sepulchri sui: / omnes hi interfecti, ruentesque gladio, / qui descenderunt incircumcisi ad terram ultimam; / qui posuerunt terrorem suum in terra viventium, / et portaverunt ignominiam suam cum his qui descendunt in lacum. 25In the midst of the slain they have set him a bed among all his people: their graves are round about him: all these are uncircumcised, and slain by the sword: for they spread their terror in the land of the living, and have borne their shame with them that descend into the pit: they are laid in the midst of the slain.In mezzo agli uccisi è stato collocato il letto per lui, e per tutti i suoi popoli, i quali intorno a lui hanno sepolcro: tutti questi incirconcisi, e morti di spada, perchè si fecer temere nella terra de' vivi, e portano la loro ignominia con que', che scendono nella fossa: giacciono in mezzo agli uccisi.In the middes of their slaine they haue set her couche among al her peoples: round about him their grace: al these vncircumcised, and slaine by the sword, for they gaue their terrour in the land of the liuing, and haue borne their ignominie with them, that descend into the lake: they are layde in the middes of the slaine.In medio interfectorum / posuerunt cubile ejus in universis populis ejus: / in circuitu ejus sepulchrum illius: / omnes hi incircumcisi, interfectique gladio. / Dederunt enim terrorem suum in terra viventium, / et portaverunt ignominiam suam cum his qui descendunt in lacum: / in medio interfectorum positi sunt. 26There is Mosoch, and Thubal, and all their multitude: their graves are round about him: all of them uncircumcised and slain, and fallen by the sword: though they spread their terror in the land of the living.Ivi Mosoch, e Thubal, e tutta la sua gente, la quale intorno a lui ha i suoi sepolcri: tutti questi incirconcisi, e uccisi sotto la spada, perchè si fecer temere nella terra de' vivi.There Mosoch, and Thubal, and al their multitude: round about him their graues: al these vncircumcised, and slaine, and falling by the sword: because they gaue their feare in the land of the liuing.Ibi Mosoch et Thubal, et omnis multitudo ejus: / in circuitu ejus sepulchra illius: / omnes hi incircumcisi, interfectique et cadentes gladio, / quia dederunt formidinem suam in terra viventium. 27And they shall not sleep with the brave, and with them that fell uncircumcised, that went down to hell with their weapons, and laid their swords under their heads, and their iniquities were in their bones, because they were the terror of the mighty in the land of the living.E non morranno della morte dei forti incirconcisi, che perirono, e scesero nell'inferno colle loro anni, e a' quali poste furono sotto i loro capi le loro spade; e le loro iniquità penetravano le loro ossa, perchè erano il terrore de' forti nella terra de' vivi.And they shal not sleepe with the valients, and them that fel, and the vncircumcised, that went downe to hel with their weapons, and put their swordes vnder their heades, and their iniquities were in their bones: because they were made the terrour of the valients in the land of the liuing.Et non dormient cum fortibus, / cadentibusque, et incircumcisis, / qui descenderunt ad infernum cum armis suis, / et posuerunt gladios suos sub capitibus suis, / et fuerunt iniquitates eorum in ossibus eorum: / quia terror fortium facti sunt in terra viventium.
28So thou also shalt be broken in the midst of the uncircumcised, and shalt sleep with them that are slain by the sword.Tu stesso adunque tra gli incirconcisi sarai calpestato, e dormirai con quegli, che periron di spada.And thou therfore shalt be destroyed in the middes of the vncircumcised, and shalt sleepe with the slaine by the sword.Et tu ergo in medio incircumcisorum contereris, / et dormies cum interfectis gladio. 29There is Edom, and her kings, and all her princes, who with their army are joined with them that are slain by the sword: and have slept with the uncircumcised, and with them that go down into the pit.Ivi l'Idumea, e i suoi regi, e tutti i suoi condottieri, i quali insieme co' loro eserciti hanno luogo tra quegli, che furono uccisi di spada, e i quali dormono tra gl'incirconcisi, e tra que', che scendono nella fossa.There Idumea, and her kinges, & al her princes, which were geuen with their host with the slaine by the sword: and which slept with the vncircumcised, and with them that goe downe into the lake.Ibi Idumæa, et reges ejus, et omnes duces ejus, / qui dati sunt cum exercitu suo cum interfectis gladio, / et qui cum incircumcisis dormierunt, / et cum his qui descendunt in lacum. 30There are all the princes of the north, and all the hunters: who were brought down with the slain, fearing, and confounded in their strength: who slept uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword, and have borne their shame with them that go down into the pit.Ivi tutti i principi del settentrione, e tutti quanti i tiranni, i quali insieme con gli uccisi di spada vi sono condotti, pieni di paura, e con tutta la lor fortezza umiliati: i quali incirconcisi dormono tra que', che periron di spada, e portano la loro ignominia come que', che scendono nella fossa.There al the princes of the North, and al the hunters: which were brought downe with the slaine, fearing, and in their strength confounded: which slept vncircumcised with the slaine by the sword, and haue borne their ignominie with them, that goe downe into the lake.Ibi principes aquilonis omnes, et universi venatores, / qui deducti sunt cum interfectis, paventes, / et in sua fortitudine confusi: / qui dormierunt incircumcisi / cum interfectis gladio, / et portaverunt confusionem suam / cum his qui descendunt in lacum. 31Pharao saw them, and he was comforted concerning all his multitude, which was slain by the sword: Pharao, and all his army, saith the Lord God:Faraone li vide, e si racconsolò della molta sua gente uccisa di spada, Faraone, e tutto il suo esercito, dice il Signore Dio.Pharao saw them, and he was comforted vpon al his multitude, which was slaine by the sword, Pharao, and al his host, saith our Lord God:Vidit eos Pharao, et consolatus est / super universa multitudine sua, / quæ interfecta est gladio: / Pharao, et omnis exercitus ejus, / ait Dominus Deus.
32Because I have spread my terror in the land of the living, and he hath slept in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that are slain by the sword: Pharao and all his multitude, saith the Lord God.Perocché io spanderò il mio terrore sulla terra de' vivi, e in mezzo agl'incirconcisi, con que', che moriron di spada, si addormentò Faraone, e tutto il suo popolo, dice il Signore Dio.because I gaue his terrour in the land of the liuing, & he slept in the middes of the vncircumcised with the slaine by the sword: Pharao and al his multitude: saith our Lord God.Quia dedi terrorem meum in terra viventium, / et dormivit in medio incircumcisorum cum interfectis gladio: / Pharao, et omnis multitudo ejus, / ait Dominus Deus.
32:1
Year of the World 3417, Year before Christ 587.
Worthington
Twelfth. He counts from the captivity of Jechonias, as Sedecias reigned only eleven years. (Worthington)
32:2
Dragon, or crocodile; two of the most terrible creatures.
Calmet
With the horn is not expressed in Hebrew and the crocodile has nothing like a horn. It has four feet, with which it makes the water muddy. (Calmet)
32:3
Calmet
Net. Septuagint, "hook," Ezechiel 29:4. (Calmet)
Some take the crocodile with a net, ver. 3. (Elian. Hist. 10:21.)
32:5
Calmet
Corruption. Septuagint, "blood." But romuth (Haydock) means rather "worms." (Syriac) (Calmet)
32:7
Haydock
Out, like a candle, by death; extinctus. (Haydock)
Worthington
The glory of Egypt was so great, that at its fall the light of heaven seemed diminished. (Worthington)
Great desolation is thus intimated.
Calmet
When, etc., is not in some Latin copies, nor in Hebrew, etc. (Calmet)
32:9
Calmet
Anger, as they will not know why I have treated thee so severely: or rather, they shall be afraid for themselves, ver. 10. (Calmet)
32:12
Haydock
Invincible, when they wield God's sword. Cyrus easily conquered them. (Haydock)
Hebrew, "strong,." Septuagint, "pestiferous."
32:14
Oil. It is very transparent. It seems the Nile was rendered muddy by cattle, etc.
32:15
Fulness, or all of it shall be desolate.
32:17
Year of the World 3417.
Month: probably the twelfth, ver. 1.
32:18
Calmet
Down: announce this catastrophe. (Calmet)
32:21
Haydock
Most. Septuagint, "giants shall say to thee: Remain in the depth of the pit. Whom dost thou excel? descend," etc. (Haydock)
St. Jerome
They vary much in this chapter from the Hebrew. (St. Jerome)
Calmet
Helpers; Lybians, etc., Ezechiel 30:5. These shall come to compliment the king. (Calmet)
Theodoret
After a battle, those of the same nation were buried together, ver. 22. (Theodoret)
Haydock
The Egyptians had tombs like houses, in which there were separate holes or apartments (Calmet) as in large vaults. (Haydock)
32:24
Shame. They are buried without any distinction.
32:27
Calmet
Not. Some copies of Septuagint omit the negation. Others render the Hebrew, "Have they not slept?" etc. These nations were deprived of military honours, dying like cowards; and therefore their swords were not placed with them in the grave. (Calmet)
Calmet
It was customary to inter such things as the deceased had liked the most. (Serv. in Virgil's Aeneid X. Arma quibus laetatus habe tua, etc. Simon (1 Machabees 13:29.) placed arms and representations of ships on the pillars at Modin, in honour of his kindred. If Elam, etc., had not received such distinction, why should the Egyptian repine? Were they any better? (Calmet)
Worthington
The country and king of the Elamites, Assyrians, and other infidels, shall be destroyed. (Worthington)
32:28
Midst. This threat would make great impression on the Egyptians, who were particularly solicitous to be buried with their fathers.
32:29
Haydock
Edom. Septuagint add, "and all the Assyrian princes." Some copies omit Edom. (Haydock)
Calmet
This nation had laid aside circumcision, which Hircan forced them to resume. They had been present at the siege of Jerusalem, Ezechiel 35. (Calmet)
32:30
Haydock
Hunters of men, like Nemrod, the first king of Assyria. (Haydock)
32:32
Haydock
My. Hebrew, Septuagint, "his," (Calmet) alluding to the ravages of Nechao; (Grotius) though the Hebrew may also signify my, as the Jews read Egypt, and Palestine, the land of the living, were filled with terror. After the latter had been chastised, Pharao might dread (Calmet) a worse fate; (Haydock) and the multitudes slain before him, might afford him some (Calmet) wretched consolation. (Haydock)
Calmet
It is evident that these nations believed the existence of separate spirits, and had not given in to the errors of the Sadducees, or of the Metempsychosis. (Calmet)
32:1
Here it is manifest that this prophet counteth the yeares by the time of transmigration of king Iechonias, for it is clere that Sedecias reigned only eleuen yeares. 4. Reg. 24. & 25. Iere. ••. & 52
32:8
This hyperbolical speach describeth the former glorie of Aegypt, as if al lightes were much diminished, when this kingdom was darkned.
32:25
The countrie of the Aelamites:
and the king of Aelamites shal also perish with Assirians, Aegyptians & other infidels.
32:1
Origene † 254 d.C. Origen Against Celsus 6.43
… In the last (chapter) also of Job, in which the Lord utters to Job amid tempest and clouds what is recorded in the book which bears his name, there are not a few things referring to the serpent. I have not yet mentioned the passages in Ezekiel,
32:2
Origene † 254 d.C. Origen De Principiis 2.8.3
… For the Lord also says, that, “because iniquity has abounded, the love of many will grow cold.” Nay, all things, whatever they are, which in holy Scripture are compared with the hostile power, the devil is said to be perpetually finding cold; and what is found to be colder than he? In the sea also the dragon is said to reign. For the prophet
32:5
Origene † 254 d.C. Origen Against Celsus 4.50
… senses exercised to distinguish between good and evil, and who continually utters the prayer, “Open Thou mine eyes, and I will behold wondrous things out of Thy law.” And who is there that, on reading of the dragon that lives in the Egyptian river, and of the fishes which lurk in his scales, or of the excrement of Pharaoh which fills the mountains of Egypt,
32:12
Pseudo-Cyprian Exhortation to Repentance 1
… none of his sins which he hath sinned shall be stirred up against him: because he hath done justice and judgment, he shall live in them.”
32:17
san Girolamo † 420 d.C. Against the Pelagians 2
Let us confess with shame that these are the utterances of men who have already won their reward; sinners upon earth, and still in our frail and mortal bodies let us adopt the language of the saints in heaven who have even been endowed with incorruption and immortality.
32:19
papa san Gregorio I Magno † 604 d.C. The Book of Pastoral Rule 4
… because, in calling to mind what it has done well, while it lifts itself up in its own eyes, it falls before the author of humility. For hence it is said to the soul that is proud, For that thou art more beautiful, go down, and sleep with the uncircumcised (
papa san Gregorio I Magno † 604 d.C. Register of the Epistles of St. Gregory the Great 9.122
… And it plays the harlot because of its renown, when in what it has done aright it desires not the praise of its Maker to be spread abroad, but seeks the glory of its own reputation. Hence again it is written through the prophet, In that thou art more beautiful, go down (
32:1
1. Et factum est duodecimo anno, — a transmigratione Jechoniæ. In una (id est prima die) mensis. 2. Assume lamentum, — id est carmen lugubre, quale assumpsisti super cladem regis Tyri, cap. xxvii, vers. 2, et Isaias super Baltassarem, cap. xiv, vers. 4. Fuit hic mos veterum tam fidelium, quam gentilium, ut lamento defunctis parentarent, et quasi justa persolverent: unde in eo solebant enarrare opes, virtutes et trophæa defuncti. Ita David, cæsis Saule et Jonatha, hoc carmine eos planxit, II Reg. I, 19: «Inclyti, Israel, super montes tuos interfecti sunt; quomodo ceciderunt fortes? etc. Sagitta Jonathæ nunquam rediit retrorsum, et gladius Saul non est reversus inanis. Saul, et Jonathas amabiles, et decori in vita sua, in morte quoque non sunt divisi: aquilis velociores, leonibus fortiores.» Tale carmen sunt Threni Jeremiæ, quibus plangit ruinam Jerusalem. Tale etiam est Jerem. li, 41, quo plangit occasum Babylonis: «Quomodo capta est Sesach, et comprehensa est inclyta universæ terræ?» etc. Ita Romani defunctos in forum efferebant, ibique publice pro rostris funebri oratione laudabant. Cujus laudationis origo tribuitur Valerio Poplicolæ, qui primus Brutum mortuum pro rostris lau- davit, teste Plutarcho, et Dionysio Halicarnassæo, lib. V. Alii tamen anterius, ad tempora regum hunc ritum referunt. Acer vetus Horatii interpres in Epod.: «Varro, ait, pro rostris sepulcrum Romuli dixit: ubi etiam in hujus rei memoriam, duos leones fuisse erectos constat; unde factum est, ut pro rostris mortui laudarentur.» Porro hæc elogia habebantur a proximis cognatis. Ita Fabium pro rostris filium laudasse, auctor est Plutarchus in ejus Vita; et de Tiberio ait Suetonius: «Novem annos natus defunctum patrem laudavit.» Audi et Appianum, lib. I: «Pro rostris in suggestu posito cadavere, funebrem orationem habuit vir ejus ætatis eloquentissimus, quod Faustus filius nondum esset maturus.» Leoni gentium, — q. d. O Pharao! eras inter gentes, quod leo inter bestias, eisque ut leo dominabaris, imo cum lubebat eas devorabas. Et draconi, — ceto, sive balænæ. Unde Aquila vertit, Leviathan; unde sequitur: «Qui est in mari,» id est qui in mari dominatur, qui ingentes aquarum moles naribus exsufflat, et in altum jacit, totumque mare commovet: sic enim Pharao dominabatur in Ægypto, quæ septem rivis Nili, quasi maris brachiis circumdatur. Ventilabas cornu. — Ita et Septuaginta vertunt, q. d. Agitabas cornu, id est potentiam et ferociam tuam in Ægypto. Legit Interpres הנח vattaggach, a radice נגש nagash, id est cornutare, cornu petere. Sic enim bestiæ majores et fortiores suis cornibus ventilant, fugant et sternunt minores et infirmiores in terra, æque ac crocodili pisces et bestias cæteras in Nilo, ac balænæ in mari. Sic Homerus, Iliade β: Τρώας κεράϊζε, Trojanos cornu ventilavit; hoc, uti et alia multa, ab Hebræis, sacrisque libris mutuatus. Jam legunt מם vattagach, id est, ut Vatablus, eduxisti, scilicet aquas per flumina tua, hoc est, deduxisti Nilum in multos rivulos, ut omnes campos irriget et fecundet. Alii, saltasti, lascivisti, in fluminibus tuis; alii, proserpis, proripis te, protrudis (uti pisces alii alios protrudunt) in fluminibus tuis. Hoc enim significat radix מי goach. Et conturbabas aquas, — qui insanis bellis turbabas quasque gentes propinquas, et earum flumina, id est regiones conculcabas. Secundo, per conturbationem aquarum intelligitur turbulenta subditos gubernandi ratio: Pharao enim impius, immanis, discordiæ amantissimus omnia turbabat et miscebat. Alludit ad Nilum, qui turbidis est aquis, et, cum exundat, omnem terram operit et confundit.
32:3
3. Expandam super te rete (te quasi feram, puta leonem, et quasi cetum sagena capiam) in multitudine populorum. — Solent enim multi ad capturam leonis, æque ac ceti, convenire, q. d. Ego te, o Pharao! per Chaldæos regno tuo extraham, et in terram projiciam (cetus enim et pisces aqua extracti, in terra moriuntur), ut te, id est tuum regnum et opes, «volatilia,» id est principes Chaldæorum, «et bestiæ,» id est milites, prædentur, lanient, devorent. Symbolice, per rete significatur Deum facillime sua providentia omnia capere et comprehendere. Hinc proverbium: «Retibus urbes capit,» quod ænigmatice in eos dicitur, quibus in peragendis rebus est fortuna secunda; tractum, ut scribitur, a Timotheo Atheniensi, cui a bona fortuna κλευχή cognomen inditum est, cuique noctu dæmonis umbra apparuisse dicitur, quæ ad captandas urbes rete ei dabat: atque ideo ipse dictus retibus urbes capere. Id scribit Ulpianus in secunda Demosthenis Olynthiana, et Aristophanis interpres. Hunc ipsum quoque Timotheum pingi solitum a pictoribus ea effigie, Suidas et Ulpianus aiunt, ut illi dormienti fortuna urbes, quas ille caperet, retibus inclusas afferret. Verum cum insolentia quadam elatus diceret, non fortunæ nutu, sed propria virtute tantas se res gerere, ad summam redactus est inopiam. Lege Plutarchum.
32:5
5. Implebo colles sanie tua, — id est cadaveribus tui exercitus. Ita R. David. Pro sanie verti potest altitudine tua; id est alto cumulo cadaverum; Septuaginta, sanguine tuo. Pisces enim pro sanguine habent saniem.
32:6
6. Fœtore. — Hebraice צפה tsapha, potest primo, deduci a צוף tsuph, quod significat natare, inundare, q. d. Ut Ægyptus aquis, sic nunc sanguine occisorum inundabit; ita ut hic sanguis montes excedat. Secundo, si a radice צפה tsapha deducas, significat speculari, q. d. Terram e qua specularis, id est tuos montes, sanguine tuo rigabo. Et valles implebuntur ex te, — ex sanguine tuo, id est tuorum militum, q. d. Natabunt valles et colles in cruore tuo. Est hyperbole. Vide Canon. XXXII.
32:7
7. Operiam, etc., cœlum, et nigrescere faciam stellas, — exstinguendo splendorem tuum, quo tu prius hæc omnia collustrare videbaris. Est hyperbole, et hypallage poetica. Nam acerbitatem doloris solet Scriptura exprimere per obscurationem solis, lunæ, stellarum; non quod vere hæc obscurata sint, sed quod tantus sit dolor, et mentis ac sensuum perturbatio in hominibus, ut eis sol et stellæ cadere, vel obscurari videantur. Simili schemate poetico dixit Poeta: Impiaque æternam timuerunt sæcula noctem. Pari modo hæc omnia a Propheta hic poetice dicuntur et exaggerantur. Est enim hoc Pharaonis lamentum, id est lugubre carmen, uti dixit vers. 2. Allegorice, hæc vere et reipsa contingent in fine mundi, Matth. xxiv, 29. Tropologice, sol, luna et stellæ Ecclesiæ obscurantur cum principes Ecclesiastici, vel sæculares a justitia et sanctitate deficiunt ad improbitatem.
32:9
9. Et irritabo (id est non tam ira, quam metu concitabo et percellam, ut patet ex sequentibus) cor populorum multorum, cum induxero contritionem, — id est cum te, o Ægypte! captivam duxero ad gentes tibi ignotas: vel, cum fecero ut contritio et clades tua gentibus ignotis innotescat per fugam tuam, cum ad eas cives tui vastati confugient.
32:10
10. Cum volare (id est stringi, et coruscare) cœperit gladius meus super facies eorum, — id est cum ipsi viderint fulgenti et districto gladio te cædi, contremiscent, existimantes rem suam agi, «paries cum proximus ardet.» Pro anima sua, — timentes animæ, id est vitæ suæ, ne eodem modo, quo tu, cædantur.
32:13
13. Perdam omnia jumenta ejus, quæ erant super aquas plurimas, — id est quæ pascebantur in pratis et agris, qui, aquis ex Nilo diductis, indeque germine abundant. Non conturbabit eas pes hominis. — Tanta erit Ægypti vastitas et solitudo, ut non sint homines, qui aquas pedibus suis conturbent, ut in aquatione fieri solet.
32:14
14. Quasi oleum, — id est quietas, indeque puras, claras et limpidas sicut oleum. Loquitur poetice, uti dixi vers. 7. 15. Plenitudine, — habitatoribus: hi enim implent terram, ejusque sunt quasi plenitudo.
32:16
16. Planctus est, — id est erit: vel potius ex Hebræo, q. d. Hic est planctus. Hebraice קינה kina, id est lamentum, et carmen lugubre, quo, ut supra dixi, plangent Ægyptum. Filiæ (id est nationes, vel urbes) gentium. — Urbes enim ob pulchritudinem ab Hebræis vocantur filiæ; ut filia Sion, id est urbs speciosa Sion. Super Ægyptum, etc., plangent eum, — «eum» scilicet planctum. Sic dicimur flere fletum, ridere risum. Aliter Maldonatus: «Plangent eum,» id est «eam,» scilicet Ægyptum, ut sit enallage generis. Verum quia ait: «Plangent eum super Ægyptum,» hunc to eum, necessario planctum refert, non Ægyptum.
32:17
17. Et factum est in duodecimo anno (eodem anno) in quinta decima mensis — ejusdem, id est duodecimi, ut dixerat vers. 1. Hoc est quatuordecim diebus postquam ei dictum fuit: «Assume lamentum.» Ita Maldonatus.
32:18
18. Detrahe (prædic detrahendam Ægyptum) et filias (id est urbes aliarum) gentium (vicinarum) ad terram ultimam in lacum, — id est non in sepulcrum, ut vult Vatablus, sed in infernum.
32:19
19. Quo pulchrior es? — Ita Hebræa et Romana, q. d. Cui te, o Ægypte, præfers? quo altior, speciosior es? Ecce quo altior tibi videris, eo fundius rues; quo speciosior, eo in tetriore locum cades: ob superbiam ergo tuam descende et dormi in sepulcro, et in inferno cum incircumcisis, et, ut Chaldæus, peccatoribus. Hoc est quod ait Christus de Capharnaum, Luc. x, 15: «Et tu, Capharnaum, usque ad cœlos exaltata es, usque ad infernum demergeris.» Septuaginta pro ממי mimmi, id est quo, alio puncto legentes ממים mimme, id est ex aquis, vertunt, ex aquarum pulchritudine, id est ex Ægypto, quæ Nilo pulchra fit et fecunda, descende. S. Gregorius, lib. XXIV Moral. cap. iii, assecutus hæc legens, non interrogative, sic moraliter explicat: «Extollenti se animæ dicitur: Quam pulchrior es descende, et dormi cum incircumcisis. Omnis enim qui infirmitatis suæ fæditatem considerare negligit, sed per elationis fastum virtutis suæ gloriam attendit, unde pulchrior est inde descendit: quia extollendo se de suis meritis in ima deterius corruit, unde gloriosum se judicavit. Qui descendens cum incircumcisis dormit: quia in æterna morte cum cæteris peccatoribus deficit.»
32:20
20. Gladius datus est (Nabuchodonosori et Chaldæis, et) attraxerunt eam, — scilicet Ægyptum, in os gladii, et in mortem. Pagninus vertit, gladio data est, scilicet Ægyptus.
32:21
21. Loquentur ei, — quasi gratulandi obsequio gaudebunt enim de ejus ad inferos descensu, uti dixit cap. præced. Verba quæ loquentur omitto, sed ea intellige ex Isaiæ xiv, 10, fore hæc vel similia: «Et tu vulneratus es, o Pharao! sicut et nos; descendisti ad inferos,» etc.
32:22
22. Ibi Assur, — rex Assyriorum, quem occidit, et cui regnum ademit Nabuchodonosor, adjutus a Cyaxare et Medis.
32:23
23. Quorum data (id est posita) sunt sepulcra in novissimis laci, — id est in imo inferni, q. d. Qui ex summo regni et tyrannidis culmine descenderunt in imum gehennæ. Et facta est multitudo ejus; — q. d. Principes et milites Assur juxta regem suum sepulti sunt, cum in hac vita omnibus terrori essent. Vide quo evadat tyrannis, et tyranni. Hæc est justa et congrua merces, ut qui alios occiderunt, et miserunt ad tartara, et ipsi occisi eodem mittantur. To enim qui significat quia, ut patet vers. 26. Nota: Impii in inferno dicuntur habere sepulcra, quia sunt in morte secunda. Sicut enim Lucæ cap. xvi, 22, dicitur sepultus in inferno. Mystice S. Gregorius, lib. IX Moral. cap. xviii: Assur, ait, est superbus diabolus, qui multos ad culpam et pœnam secum pertrahit: «Qui nimirum, inquit, cum humana corda suscipit, ejus procul dubio sepulcra fiunt. Sed in circuitu illius sepulcra ejus sunt: quia in quorum mentibus nunc per desideria sepelit, hos sibi postmodum per tormenta conjungit. Et qui- nunc in cametipsis reprobi malignos spiritus illicita perpetrando suscipiunt, tunc sepulcra cum mortuis (cum dæmonibus) ardebunt.» In terra viventium, — inter viventes in hoc mundo. Terram enim viventium opponit inferno, qui est terra mortuorum. Alii, «viventium,» id est justorum et fidelium, scilicet Judæorum, quos afflixit.
32:24
24. Ibi Ælam — Persæ. Vide dicta Jerem. xlix, 34. Sepulcri sui, — id est sepulcri ejus, scilicet Ælam. Portaverunt ignominiam suam, — q. d. Tyranni, qui hic aliis terrori erant, gladio tandem cæsi, ignominiose mortui sunt, atque asportaverunt secum in infernum opera sua mala, et ignominiæ plena, indeque ignominiam et pœnam perpetuam.
32:25
25. Posuerunt (scilicet dæmones, qui tyrannos et impios ad inferos deducunt, imo pertrahunt) cubile ejus (scilicet Ælam, id est regis Persarum, infernale inter populos, qui ei in hac vita paruerunt, et) in circuitu ejus sepulcrum illius, — scilicet populi jam dicti. Nota enallagen numeri; jam enim populos vocat, jam populum. In Hebræo quoque est enallage generis. Jam enim de Ælam masculine loquitur, quasi de rege, jam feminine: intelligit enim ejus congregationem et multitudinem.
32:26
26. Ibi Mosoch, — id est Cappadoces. Et Thubal, — id est Hispani, vel Iberi. Ita Lyranus. Alii Italos accipiunt. Vide cap. xxvii, 13. Nota: Horum populorum regem intelligit. Unde sequitur: «In circuitu ejus,» scilicet regis, vel principis, «sepulcra ejus,» scilicet multitudinis, vel populi collocata sunt. Quia dederunt, — q. d. Quia alios gladio interemerunt, hinc et ipsi gladio interempti sunt. «Omnes enim qui acceperint gladium, gladio peribunt,» Matth. xxvi, 52.
32:27
27. Et non dormient, — non morientur morte naturali, uti heroes, qui victores gloriose mortui cum armis, gladiis et pompa sepeliuntur: sed bello vincentur, ibique victi turpiter et violente occidentur. Comparat ergo eos, non cum justis, sed cum infidelibus, qui licet incircumcisi, gloriose tamen occubuerunt, q. d. Illis ergo hi infeliciores erunt; illi enim gloriose, hi autem ignominiose quasi victi et occisi descenderunt ad inferos. Et posuerunt (id est poni præceperunt, vel, ut ponerentur, meruerunt) gladios sub capitibus suis (1). Et fuerunt iniquitates eorum in ossibus eorum, — q. d. Ossa eorum projicientur insepulta ob iniquitates eorum, quibus ita imbuti sunt, ut illa adhuc videantur ossibus quasi inhærere. Aliter R. David, et ex eo Maldonatus, q. d. Qui gladio usque ad ossa confixi, iniquitatum suarum pœnas dederunt: de cætero vere honorifice et fortiter mortui sunt. Aut, ut alii, dederunt pœnas iniquitatum suarum, non ignominiose moriendo, sed in inferno intimis ossibus ardendo.
32:28
28. Et tu ergo, — o Pharao! eris hisce tyrannis, et occisis æque in pœna, ac in culpa et tyrannide socius, cum eisque sepelieris in imo inferni.
32:29
29. Ibi Idumæa, — in inferno erunt Idumæi, æque ac Assyrii, Ælamitæ, etc. Est repetitio poetica. Idem enim in singulis repetit et refricat more Hebræo, ad majus pathos.
32:30
30. Ibi principes Aquilonis, — id est Babylonii, aliique Aquilonares tyranni, uti fuerunt Tyrii et Sidonii, etc. Et universi venatores, — id est tyranni, qui aliorum bona et corpora venantur, quorum pater fuit Nemrod, magnus venator coram Domino, Gen. x, 9. Chaldæus vertit, Sidonii: retinet enim verbum hebræum Sidonim, quasi proprium, quod Noster accepit ut appellativum: sic enim צדנים sidonim significat venatores.
32:31
31. Vidit eos Pharao, et consolatus est, — cum videret se tot, tamque illustres asseclas et comites habere, quia per se levamen est pœnæ, in ea habere socium: esto aliunde ea crescat, dum ipsi invicem affligunt et maledicunt, uti faciunt damnati in inferno.
32:32
32. Quia dedi terrorem meum. — Ita Hebræa, Septuaginta et Romana, q. d. «Quia,» id est, equidem ego Deus, uti olim dedi per eos terrorem Judæis, et aliis viventibus, quos afflixerunt: ita jam illos puniendo, et deturbando ad tartara, ipsum omnesque tyrannos pariter terrebo. Alii legunt: Quia dedit terrorem suum, q. d. Sicut ille sua crudelitate terruit omnes: ita ego illum puniendo, terrebo omnes impios, statuamque illum quasi speculum terroris mei, quo omnes gentes percellantur. Eodem redit uterque sensus. Ita Virgilius, VI Æneid., describit Æneam descendentem ad inferos, vidisse ibi Agamemnonem, Didonem, Titanes, Cyclopes, aliosque principes et tyrannos: Inter quas Phœnissa recens a vulnere Dido Errabat sylva in magna. Et mox: Hic illi occurrit Tydeus, hic inclytus armis Parthenopæus, et Adrasti pallentis imago. At Danaum proceres, Agamemnoniæque phalanges, Ut videre virum, fulgentiaque arma per umbras, Ingenti trepidare metu. Pars vertere terga. Atque hic Priamidem laniatum corpore toto Deiphobum vidit. Et inferius: Hic genus antiquum terræ, Titania pubes, Fulmine dejecti, fundo volvuntur in imo. a terra porrigi videbatur. Et cap. xxxvi narrat Petrum quemdam gehennæ supplicia vidisse, cumque in ea mergendus videretur, ab Angelo liberatum audivisse: «Regredere, et qualiter tibi posthac vivendum sit, cautissime attende.» Et cap. xxxviii narrat Chrysaorium in morte vidisse teterrimos spiritus sibi imminere, ut ad inferni claustra eum raperent. Et cap. liv narrat de tinctore quodam, qui sepultus in templo S. Laurentii, noctu e sepulcro clamavit: «Ardeo, ardeo,» cumque sepulcrum inspicerent, vestes ejus viderunt, at corpus non invenerunt. Vidi et crudeles dantem Salmonea pœnas, Dum flammas Jovis et sonitus imitatur Olympi. Demens! qui nimbos, et non imitabile fulmen Ære et cornipedum pulsu simularat equorum. Et rursum: Saxum ingens volvunt alii, radiisque rotarum Districti pendent; sedet, æternumque sedebit, Infelix Theseus: Phlegyasque miserrimus omnes Admonet, et magna testatur voce per umbras: Discite justitiam moniti, et non temnere divos. Sed audi certa et sacra. Ita Lazarus e sinu Abrahæ vidit divitem epulonem in gehenna cruciari, suamque et Abrahæ opem implorantem. Sed frustra; nam ab Abrahamo audiit: «Fili, recordare, quia recepisti bona in vita tua, et Lazarus similiter mala: nunc autem hic consolatur, tu vero cruciaris,» Lucæ xvi, 25. Ita Eremita sanctus vidit Theodoricum regem discinctum, discalceatum, vinctisque manibus inter Joannem Papam et Symmachum patricium (quos injuste occiderat) duci et projici in ollam Vulcaniam, uti refert S. Gregorius, lib. IV Dialog. cap. xxx. Qui et cap. xxxi narrat Reparatum vidisse rogum parari cuidam scelerato, cujus cacumen in cœlum Ita nuper consiliarius quidam Elisabethæ reginæ Angliæ, moriens vidit suam in gehenna sedem profundam, igneam, aliasque similes sedes eam suis collegis paratas, ut a viris omni fide dignis accepi. Hosce Deus mortalibus dedit tibicines, hosce siticines, qui jugiter mutis sed igneis vocibus, peccatoribus inclament: Sapite, nostro damno sapite. Hodie mihi, cras tibi. O vanas opes, o mendaces honores! Ambitio, avaritia et crapula duxerunt nos, vosque pariter ducent ad tartara. Quis poterit habitare cum igne devorante, commorari cum ardoribus sempiternis?
32:7
GIOELE (EBR. JÔ'EL « JAHWEH È DIO »)
I prodigi della natura quivi descritti sono immagini già tradizionali (cf. Is. 13, 10; Ez. 32, 7 sg.), ed indicano la grandiosità dell'intervento divino nell'effusione dello Spirito, senza riferimento a reali mutazioni cosmiche e alla fine del mondo. …
32:19
CIRCONCISIONE (DAL LAT. CIRCUMCISIO, «TAGLIO INTORNO»; GR. ΠΕΡΙΤΟΜΉ; EBR. MILĀH)
… Dal tempo di Giosuè la c. fu universalmente osservata e divenne il sigillo sacro del popolo di Dio: la sua mancanza era motivo di disonore e di ignominia (cf. Iud. 14, 3; 15, 18; I Sam. 14, 6; 17, 26.36; Ez. 28, 10; 31, 18; 32, 19 sgg.). …
32:21
… Abel, ecc.), il termine sarebbe stato adoperato prima per una classe importante di defunti: eroi, guerrieri, dall'aspetto imponente (Is. 14, 9; cf. Ez. 32, 21-24) e perciò applicato alla razza presemitica suddetta; solo più tardi sarebbe stato esteso a tutti i defunti. …
« scende » o vi si « precipita » (Is. 14, 9-15; 57, 9; Ez. 31, 15-17; 32, 21; Am. 9, 2; Ps. 85, 13; 138, 8; Prov. 15, 24). La f. profonda e sinonimo della « morte » che travolge (Job 24, 19; Eccli. 14, 12; 51, 2-9; cf. Apoc. 1, 18 e 20, 13-14) e « scendervi …
32:23
… Ritenevano che tutti i morti (Ps. 89, 49; Iob. 3, 13-19) scendessero nello ἐδ'ῶ, immensa caverna, grande come una regione (Iob. 10, 21-22; Ps. 88, 13), divisa in settori di diversa profondità (Is. 14, 15; Ez. 32, 23), poeticamente concepita come un profondo abisso, quasi un mostro insaziabile (Ps. 144, 7; Prov. 1, 12; 27, 20; 30, 15), che non restituisce più la sua preda (Iob. 7, 9; 14, …
32:26
THUBAL (EBR. TÙBHAL; SETTANTA ΘΟΒΈΛ)
… schiavi ai Fenici; T. e Iavan sono ricordati in Is. 66,19 come tipici popoli lontani, oltremarini; ma più spesso T. è associato a Mosoch: ambedue fanno parte dell'esercito escatologico di Gog e Magog (Ez. 38, 2,3; 39,1); se ne predice la distruzione (ibid. 32,26).
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.