Distinct offices are assigned to the families of Aaron, 15. of the other sonnes of Caath, 21. of Gerson, 29. and of Merari, 34. who are al numbred from the age of thirtie yeares to fiftie, and so imployed to their offices and burdens.
1And the Lord spoke to Moses, and Aaron, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè e ad Aronne, e disse:AND our Lord spake to Moyses, and Aaron, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen et Aaron, dicens: 2Take the sum of the sons of Caath from the midst of the Levites, by their houses and families.Fa' il novero de' figliuoli di Caath separatamente dagli altri Leviti secondo le loro case, e famiglie.Take the summe of the sonnes of Caath out of the middes of the Leuites, by their houses and families,Tolle summam filiorum Caath de medio Levitarum per domos et familias suas, 3From thirty years old and upward, to fifty years old, of all that go in to stand and to minister in the tabernacle of the covenant.Dal trentesimo anno in poi fino al cinquantesimo, conta tutti quelli che entrano di stazione, e servono nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza.from the thirtith yeare & vpward, vnto the fiftith yeare, of al that goe in to stand and to minister in the tabernacle of couenant.a trigesimo anno et supra, usque ad quinquagesimum annum, omnium qui ingrediuntur ut stent et ministrent in tabernaculo fœderis. 4This is the service of the sons of Caath:Questo è l'ufficio de' figliuoli di Caath. Nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza, e nel Sancta sanctorumThis is the seruice of the sonnes of Caath:Hic est cultus filiorum Caath: tabernaculum fœderis, et Sanctum sanctorum 5When the camp is; to set forward, Aaron and his sons shall go into the tabernacle of the covenant, and the holy of holies, and shall take down the veil that hangeth before the door, and shall wrap up the ark of the testimony in it,Entrerà Aronne, e i figliuoli di lui, allorché debbonsi muovere gli alloggiamenti, e caleranno il velo, che pende dinanzi alla porta, e in esso involgeranno l'arca del testamento,when the campe is to remoue, Aaron and his sonnes shal enter into the tabernacle of couenant, and Sanctum sanctorum, and shal take downe the veile that hangeth before the dore, and shal wrappe in it the arke of testimonie,ingredientur Aaron et filii ejus, quando movenda sunt castra, et deponent velum quod pendet ante fores, involventque eo arcam testimonii, 6And shall cover it again with a cover of violet skins, and shall spread over it a cloth all of violet, and shall put in the bars.E la copriranno di più col velo di pelli di color violetto, e stenderanno al di sopra la coperta di color di giacinto, e accomoderanno le stanghe.and shal couer it agayne with a couer of Ianthine skinnes, and shal spread ouer it a cloth al of hyacinth, and shal draw in the barres.et operient rursum velamine janthinarum pellium, extendentque desuper pallium totum hyacinthinum, et inducent vectes.
7They shall wrap up also the table of proposition in a cloth of violet, and shall put with it the censers and little mortars, the cups and bowls to pour out the libations: the loaves shall be always on it:Parimente la mensa della proposizione la involgeranno in coperta di giacinto, e con essa metteranno i turiboli, e i mortai, e i bicchieri, e i nappi per le libagioni: sopra la mensa vi saranno sempre i pani:The tabel also of proposition they shal wrappe in a cloth of hiacinth, and shal put with it the censers and litle morters, the goblettes and cuppes to powre the libaments: the breades shal be alwayes on it:Mensam quoque propositionis involvent hyacinthino pallio, et ponent cum ea thuribula et mortariola, cyathos et crateras ad liba fundenda: panes semper in ea erunt: 8And they shall spread over it a cloth of scarlet, which again they shall cover with a covering of violet skins, and shall put in the bars.E vi stenderanno sopra il velo di scarlatto, il quale sarà ancor coperto colla tenda di pelli violette, e vi accomoderanno le stanghe.and they shal spread ouer it a cloth of scarlet, which againe they shal couer with a veile of ianthine skinnes, and shal put in the barres.extendentque desuper pallium coccineum, quod rursum operient velamento janthinarum pellium, et inducent vectes. 9They shall take also a cloth of violet wherewith they shall cover the candlestick with the lamps and tongs thereof and the snuffers and all the oil vessels, which are necessary for the dressing of the lamps:Prenderanno anche una coperta di giacinto, colla quale involgeranno il candelabro colle lucerne, e le sue forbici, e le smoccolatoie, e con tutti i vasi dell'olio, e quel che serve ad aggiustar le lucerne:They shal take also a cloth of hiacinth wherwith they shal couer the candlestick with the lampes and tongs therof and snuffers and al the vessels of oyle, which are necessarie for the dressing of the lampes:Sument et pallium hyacinthinum, quo operient candelabrum cum lucernis et forcipibus suis et emunctoriis et cunctis vasis olei, quæ ad cocinnandas lucernas necessaria sunt: 10And over all they shall put a cover of violet skins and put in the bars.E sopra tutte queste cose metteranno una coperta di pelli violette, e vi accomoderanno le stanghe.and ouer al they shal put a couer of ianthine skinnes, and put in the barres.et super omnia ponent operimentum janthinarum pellium, et inducent vectes. 11And they shall wrap up the golden altar also in a cloth of violet, and shall spread over it a cover of violet skins, and put in the bars.Similmente l'altare d'oro lo involgeranno in una coperta di giacinto, e vi stenderanno sopra un velo di pelli violette, e vi accomoderanno le stanghe.Moreouer the golden altar also they shal wrappe in a cloth of hyacinth, and shal spreade ouer it a couer of ianthine skinnes, and put in the barres.Necnon et altare aureum involvent hyacinthino vestimento, et extendent desuper operimentum janthinarum pellium, inducentque vectes.
12All the vessels wherewith they minister in the sanctuary, they shall wrap up in a cloth of violet, and shall spread over it a cover of violet skins, and put in the bars.Tutti i vasi che servono al santuario, li copriranno con una tenda di iacinto, e stenderanno sopra un velo di pelli violette, e vi accomoderanno le stanghe.Al the vessel wherwith the ministration is done in the Sanctuarie, they shal wrappe in a cloth of hiacinth and shal spread ouer it a couer of ianthine skinnes, and put in barres.Omnia vasa, quibus ministratur in sanctuario, involvent hyacinthino pallio, et extendent desuper operimentum janthinarum pellium, inducentque vectes. 13They shall cleanse the altar also from the ashes, and shall wrap it up in a purple cloth,L'altare eziandio degli olocausti ripulito dalle ceneri lo involgeranno in una coperta di porpora,But the altar also they shal make cleane from the ashes, and shal wrappe it in a purple cloth,Sed et altare mundabunt cinere, et involvent illud purpureo vestimento, 14And shall put it with all the vessels that they use in the ministry thereof, that is to say, firepans, fleshhooks and forks, pothooks and shovels. They shall cover all the vessels of the altar together with a covering of violet skins, and shall put in the bars.Posti sopra di essi tutti gli arnesi, che servono per esso; vale a dire i bracieri, i forconi, i tridenti, gli uncini, le padelle, gli arnesi dell'altare li copriranno tutti insieme col velo di pelli violette, e porranno (ogni cosa) sopra le stanghe.and shal put with it al the vessel, that they vse in the ministerie therof, that is to say, fire pannes, fleshhookes and forkes, pothookes and shouels. Al the vessel of the altar together they shal couer with a veile of ianthine skinnes, and shal put in the barres.ponentque cum eo omnia vasa, quibus in ministerio ejus utuntur, id est, ignium receptacula, fuscinulas ac tridentes, uncinos et batilla. Cuncta vasa altaris operient simul velamine janthinarum pellium, et inducent vectes. 15And when Aaron and his sons have wrapped up the sanctuary and the vessels thereof at the removing of the camp, then shall the sons of Caath enter in to carry the things wrapped up: and they shall not touch the vessels of the sanctuary, lest they die. These are the burdens of the sons of Caath: in the tabernacle of the covenant:E quando Aronne, e i figliuoli di lui avranno involto tutte le parti del santuario, e tutti i suoi vasi nel muoversi il campo, allora verranno i figliuoli di Caath a prendere gl'involti: e non toccheranno i vasi del santuario, altrimenti sarebbero messi a morte. Questa è incumbenza dei figliuoli di Caath nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza:And when Aaron & his sonnes haue wrapped vp the Sanctuarie and the vessel therof in the remouing of the campe, then shal the sonnes of Caath enter in to carie the thinges wrapped vp: and they shal not touch the vessel of the Sanctuarie, lest they die. These are the burdens of the sonnes of Caath in the tabernacle of couenant:Cumque involverint Aaron et filii ejus sanctuarium et omnia vasa ejus in commotione castrorum, tunc intrabunt filii Caath ut portent involuta: et non tangent vasa sanctuarii, ne moriantur. Ista sunt onera filiorum Caath in tabernaculo fœderis:
16And over them shall be Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest, to whose charge pertaineth the oil to dress the lamps, and the sweet incense, and the sacrifice, that is always offered, and the oil of unction, and whatsoever pertaineth to the service of the tabernacle, and of all the vessels that are in the sanctuary.Il loro capo sarà Eleazaro, figliuolo di Aronne sommo sacerdote, e a lui si apparterrà l'aver cura dell'olio per preparare le lucerne, e dei profumi di composizione, e del sacrifizio perpetuo, e dell'olio di unzione, e di tutto quello che riguarda il culto del tabernacolo, e di tutti i vasi, che sono nel santuario.ouer whom shal be Eleazar the sonne of Aaron the priest, to whose charge perteyneth the oyle to dresse the lampes, and the incense of composition, and the sacrifice, that is alwayes offered, and the oyle of vnction, and whatsoeuer perteyneth to the seruice of the tabernacle, and of al the vessel, that are in the Sanctuarie.super quos erit Eleazar filius Aaron sacerdotis, ad cujus curam pertinet oleum ad concinnandas lucernas, et compositionis incensum, et sacrificium, quod semper offertur, et oleum unctionis, et quidquid ad cultum tabernaculi pertinet, omniumque vasorum, quæ in sanctuario sunt. 17And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè ed Aronne, e disse:And our Lord spake vnto Moyses and Aaron, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen et Aaron, dicens: 18Destroy not the people of Caath from the midst of the Levites:Badate, che la stirpe di Caath non abbia ad essere sterminata di mezzo a' Leviti:Destroy not the people of Caath out of the middes of the Leuites:Nolite perdere populum Caath de medio Levitarum: 19But do this to them, that they may live, and not die, by touching the holies of holies. Aaron and his sons shall go in, and they shall appoint every man his work, and shall divide the burdens that every man is to carry.Ma affinché eglino non periscano, ove vengano a toccare le cose sante, fate così: Aronne, ei suoi figliuoli entrino (nel santuario), ed ei preparino a ciascheduno il loro incarico, e spartiscano quello che gli altri debbono portare.but doe this to them, that they may liue, and not die, if they touch Sancta sanctorum. Aaron and his sonnes shal enter, and they shal dispose the charges of euerie one, and shal diuide what euerie one must carie.sed hoc facite eis, ut vivant, et non moriantur, si tetigerint Sancta sanctorum. Aaron et filii ejus intrabunt, ipsique disponent opera singulorum, et divident quid portare quis debeat. 20Let not others by any curiosity see the things that are in the sanctuary before they be wrapped up, otherwise they shall die.Gli altri non si lascin portare dalla curiosità a mirare le cose, che sono nel santuario, prima che sieno involte, altrimenti periranno.Let others by no curiositie see the thinges that are in the Sanctuarie before they be wrapped vp, otherwise they shal die.Alii nulla curiositate videant quæ sunt in sanctuario priusquam involvantur, alioquin morientur.
21And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè, e disse:And our Lord spake to Moyses, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: 22Take the sum of the sons of Gerson also by their houses and families and kindreds.Conta anche il numero dei figliuoli di Gerson secondo la loro genealogia, e famiglia, e casaTake the summe of the sonnes of Gerson also by their houses and families and kinredes,Tolle summam etiam filiorum Gerson per domos ac familias et cognationes suas, 23From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old. Number them all that go in and minister in the tabernacle of the covenant.Dai trent'anni in poi fino a' cinquanta. Conta tutti quelli che entrano a servire nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza.from thirtie yeares and vpward, vnto fiftie yeares. Number them al that goe in and minister in the tabernacle of couenant.a triginta annis et supra, usque ad annos quinquaginta. Numera omnes qui ingrediuntur et ministrant in tabernaculo fœderis. 24This is the office of the family of the Gersonites:L'ufficio della famiglia de' Gersoniti è questo:This is the office of the familie of the Gersonites,Hoc est officium familiæ Gersonitarum, 25To carry the curtains of the tabernacle and the roof of the covenant, the other covering, and the violet covering over all, and the hanging that hangeth in the entry of the tabernacle of the covenant,Ei porteranno i veli del tabernacolo, e le coperte dello stesso tabernacolo, e la seconda coperta, e il velame di pelli violette, che sta di sopra, e la tenda, che pende all'ingresso del tabernacolo dell'alleanza,for to carie the curtines of the tabernacle, and the roofe of the couenant the other couer, and ouer al the ianthine couer, and the hanging that hangeth in the entrie of the tabernacle of couenant,ut portent cortinas tabernaculi et tectum fœderis, operimentum aliud, et super omnia velamen janthinum tentoriumque quod pendet in introitu tabernaculi fœderis, 26The curtains of the court, and the veil in the entry that is before tabernacle. All things that pertain to the altar, the cords and the vessels of the ministry,Le cortine dell'atrio, e il velo dell'ingresso dinanzi al tabernacolo. Tutte le cose che spettano all'altare, le funi, e i vasi del ministero,the curtines of the court, and the veile in the entrie that is before the tabernacle. Al thinges that pertayne to the altar, the cordes, and vessel of the ministerie,cortinas atrii, et velum in introitu quod est ante tabernaculum. Omnia quæ ad altare pertinent, funiculos, et vasa ministerii, 27The sons of Gerson shall carry, by the commandment of Aaron and his sons: and each man shall know to what burden he must be assigned.Li porteranno i figliuoli di Gerson secondo gli ordini che avranno da Aronne, e dai figliuoli di lui, e ad ognun di loro sarà noto il servigio che dee prestare.shal the sonnes of Gerson carie, by the commandment of Aaron & his sonnes: and euerie one shal knowe to what burden they must be assigned.jubente Aaron et filiis ejus, portabunt filii Gerson: et scient singuli cui debeant oneri mancipari.
28This is the service of the family of the Gersonites in the tabernacle of the covenant, and they shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.Queste sono le incumbenze della famiglia de' Gersoniti nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza: essi dipenderanno da Ithamar figliuolo di Aronne sommo sacerdote.This is the seruice of the familie of the Gersonites in the tabernacle of couenant, and they shal be vnder the hand of Ithamar the sonne of Aaron the priest.Hic est cultus familiæ Gersonitarum in tabernaculo fœderis, eruntque sub manu Ithamar filii Aaron sacerdotis. 29Thou shalt reckon up the sons of Merari also by the families and houses of their fathers,Farai anche il novero de' figliuoli di Merari secondo le famiglie, e le case dei padri loro.The sonnes of Merari also by the families and houses of their fathers thou shalt recken,Filios quoque Merari per familias et domos patrum suorum recensebis, 30From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to the office of their ministry, and to the service of the covenant of the testimony.Da trent'anni in su fino a' cinquanta conterai tutti quelli che entrano ad adempiere l'obbligo del lor ministero, e a servire al tabernacolo dell'alleanza.from thirtie yeares and vpward, vntil fiftie yeares, al that enter in to the office of their ministerie, and to the seruice of the couenant of testimonie.a triginta annis et supra, usque ad annos quinquaginta, omnes qui ingrediuntur ad officium ministerii sui et cultum fœderis testimonii. 31These are their burdens: They shall carry the boards of the tabernacle and the bars thereof, the pillars and their sockets,La loro incumbenza è questa: Porteranno le tavole del tabernacolo e le sue travi, le colonne, e le loro basi,These are their burdens: They shal carie the bordes of the tabernacle and the barres therof, the pillers and the feete of them,Hæc sunt onera eorum: portabunt tabulas tabernaculi et vectes ejus, columnas ac bases earum, 32The pillars also of the court round about, with their sockets and pins and cords. They shall receive by account all the vessels and furniture, and so shall carry them.Ed anche le colonne, che sono intorno all'atrio colle loro basi, e i chiodi, e le funi. Riceveranno in consegna tutti i vasi, e robe contate, e poi le porteranno.the pillers also of the court round about, with their feete and pinnes and cordes. Al the vessel and implementes they shal receiue by account, and so shal carie them.columnas quoque atrii per circuitum cum basibus et paxillis et funibus suis. Omnia vasa et supellectilem ad numerum accipient, sicque portabunt.
33This is the office of the family of the Merarites, and their ministry in the tabernacle of the covenant: and they shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.Questa è l'incumbenza della famiglia de' Merariti, e il ministero loro nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza: e saranno subordinati a Ithamar, figliuolo del sommo sacerdote Aronne.This is the office of the familie of the Merarites, and their ministerie in the tabernacle of couenant: and they shal be vnder the hand of Ithamar the sonne of Aaron the priest.Hoc est officium familiæ Meraritarum et ministerium in tabernaculo fœderis: eruntque sub manu Ithamar filii Aaron sacerdotis. 34So Moses and Aaron and the princes of the synagogue reckoned up the sons of Caath, by their kindreds and the houses of their fathers,Mosè adunque e Aronne, e i principi della sinagoga fecero il novero de' figliuoli di Caath, secondo le famiglie, e le case de' padri loro,Moyses therfore and Aaron and the princes of the synagogue reckened the sonnes of Caath, by their kinredes and houses of their fathers,Recensuerunt igitur Moyses et Aaron et principes synagogæ filios Caath per cognationes et domos patrum suorum, 35From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to the ministry of the tabernacle of the covenant:Da' trent'anni in su fino a' cinquanta contarono tutti quelli che entrano nel ministero del tabernacolo dell'alleanza:from thirtie yeares and vpward, vnto the fiftith yeare, al that enter in to the ministerie of the tabernacle of couenant:a triginta annis et supra, usque ad annum quinquagesimum, omnes qui ingrediuntur ad ministerium tabernaculi fœderis: 36And they were found two thousand seven hundred and fifty.E si trovarono due mila settecento cinquanta.and they were found two thousand seuen hundred fiftie.et inventi sunt duo millia septingenti quinquaginta. 37This is the number of the people of Caath that go in to the tabernacle of the covenant: these did Moses and Aaron number according to the word of the Lord by the hand of Moses.Questo è il numero di quelli della stirpe di Caath, che entrano nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza: questi furono contati da Mosè, e da Aronne secondo l'ordine dato dal Signore per mezzo di Mosè.This is the number of the people of Caath that enter into the tabernacle of couenant: these did Moyses and Aaron number according to the word of our Lord by the hand of Moyses.Hic est numerus populi Caath qui intrant tabernaculum fœderis: hos numeravit Moyses et Aaron juxta sermonem Domini per manum Moysi.
38The sons of Gerson also were numbered by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,Furon similmente contati i figliuoli di Gerson secondo le famiglie, e le case dei padri loro,The sonnes of Gerson also were numbered by the kinredes and houses of their fathers,Numerati sunt et filii Gerson per cognationes et domos patrum suorum, 39From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to minister in the tabernacle of the covenant:Da' trent'anni in su fino a' cinquanta furon contati tutti quelli che entrano a servire nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza:from thirtie yeares and vpward, vnto the fiftith yeare, al that enter in to minister in the tabernacle of couenant:a triginta annos et supra, usque ad quinquagesimum annum, omnes qui ingrediuntur ut ministrent in tabernaculo fœderis: 40And they were found two thousand six hundred and thirty.E se ne trovarono due mila secento trenta.and they were found two thousand six hundred thirtie.et inventi sunt duo millia sexcenti triginta. 41This is the people of the Gersonites, whom Moses and Aaron numbered according to the word of the Lord.Questa è la somma dei Gersoniti contati da Mosè e da Aronne secondo l'ordine del Signore.This is the people of the Gersonites, whom Moyses and Aaron numbered according to the word of our Lord.Hic est populus Gersonitarum, quos numeraverunt Moyses et Aaron juxta verbum Domini. 42The sons of Merari also were numbered by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,Furono eziandio contati i figliuoli di Merari secondo le famiglie, e le case de' padri loro,The sonnes of Merari also were numbered by the kinredes and houses of their fathers,Numerati sunt et filii Merari per cognationes et domos patrum suorum, 43From thirty years old and upward, unto fifty years old, all that go in to fulfil the rites of the tabernacle of the covenant:Da' trent'anni in poi fino a cinquanta furon contati tutti quelli che entrano ad eseguire le loro incumbenze nel tabernacolo dell'alleanza;from thirtie yeares and vpward, vnto the fiftith yeare, al that enter in to accomplish the rites of the tabernacle of couenant:a triginta annis et supra, usque ad annum quinquagesimum, omnes qui ingrediuntur ad explendos ritus tabernaculi fœderis: 44And they were found three thousand two hundred.E si trovarono tre mila dugento:and they were found three thousand two hundred.et inventi sunt tria millia ducenti. 45This is the number of the sons of Merari, whom Moses and Aaron reckoned up according to the commandment of the Lord by the hand of Moses.Questo è il numero dei figliuoli di Merari, che furon noverati da Mosè e da Aronne, secondo l'ordine dato da Dio per mezzo di Mosè.this is the number of the sonnes of Merari, whom Moyses, and Aaron reckened according to the commandment of our Lord by the hand of Moyses.Hic est numerus filiorum Merari, quos recensuerunt Moyses et Aaron juxta imperium Domini per manum Moysi.
46All that were reckoned up of the Levites, and whom Moses and Aaron and the princes of Israel took by name, by the kindreds and houses of their fathers,Tutti i Leviti, i quali da Mosè e Aronne, e da' principi d'Israele furon contati, e fatti registrare pe' loro nomi, secondo le famiglie, e le case de' padri loro,Al that were reckened of the Leuites, and whom Moyses and Aaron and the princes of Israel tooke by name, by the kinredes and houses of their fathers,Omnes qui recensiti sunt de Levitis, et quos recenseri fecit ad nomen Moyses et Aaron, et principes Israël per cognationes et domos patrum suorum, 47From thirty years old and upward, until fifty years old, that go into the ministry of the tabernacle, and to carry the burdens,Da' trent'anni in su fino a' cinquanta, i quali entravano a servire nel tabernacolo, e a portare i pesi,from thirtie yeares and vpward, vnto the fiftith yeare, entring in to the ministerie of the tabernacle, and to carie the burdens,a triginta annis et supra, usque ad annum quinquagesimum, ingredientes ad ministerium tabernaculi, et onera portanda, 48Were in all eight thousand five hundred and eighty.Furono la somma di otto mila cinquecento ottanta.were in al eight thousand fiue hundred eightie.fuerunt simul octo millia quingenti octoginta. 49Moses reckoned them up according to the word of the Lord, every one according to their office and burdens, as the Lord had commanded him.Mosè ne fece il novero secondo l'ordine del Signore, assegnata a ciascheduno la sua incumbenza, e il suo peso, conforme aveva a lui comandato il Signore.According to the word of our Lord did Moyses recken them, euerie one according to their office and burdens, as our Lord had commanded him.Juxta verbum Domini recensuit eos Moyses, unumquemque juxta officium et onera sua, sicut præceperat ei Dominus.
4:1
Year of the World 2514.
4:3
Outram
Thirty. Moses speaks of those who had to carry the sacred vessels. Those of 25 years old might perform some offices; (Numbers 8:24.) and even at 20, they began to serve the tabernacle, in the reign of David, (1 Paralipomenon 23:24,) the fatigue being then diminished, and the splendour of religion increasing. The Septuagint read 25 instead of 30, in this and all other places, and some think that the Hebrew should be so too. The time for the admission of priests to their more august functions is not specified, but was determined by themselves to be at least 20 years of age. (Outram, Sacrif. 1:7.)
Maimonides
To stand. This was the ordinary posture of the priests in the temple. The king alone was allowed to sit. (Maimonides)
Haydock
Hebrew, "all that enter into the host, or army, to do the work in the tabernacle of the assembly," shall be of a competent age and strength. (Haydock)
4:5
Calmet
Sons. Necessity excused them on this occasion. Out of respect for the ark, the Levites were not allowed to behold or touch it uncovered. (Calmet)
Haydock
That hangeth before the door. Hebrew, "the covering veil, and shall," etc. (Haydock)
4:6
Calmet
Put in the bars. Hebrew, "place the bars," upon the shoulders of the Levites; for they were never taken out of the sides of the ark, Exodus 25:15. Other bars, like hand-barrows, were used to carry the ark and the other different vessels, after they were folded up. Two Levites bore them on their shoulders. (Calmet)
Menochius
Perhaps the bars of the ark, after it was enveloped with the three curtains, might project, so that the bearers might take hold of them. (Menochius)
4:7
Calmet
Loaves. Some imagine this precept was not observed in the desert, as the people fed on manna. But might not they procure some flour of the neighbouring nations? and do not the princes offer flour, See (Numbers 7.; Deuteronomy 12:7.) (Calmet)
4:10
The bars, which were not attached to it, (Exodus 25:37.) Hebrew and Septuagint, "They shall place it upon the bars." Mot, signifies a stick, upon which two people may carry burdens, (Numbers 13:24.) It might be put through the foldings, ver. 12.
4:13
Calmet
Ashes, which might be upon the grate of the altar, where the sacred fire had been burning. This shews that the precept was already observed. The Septuagint do not mention the ashes. But some copies, with Origen, (hom. iv.) and the Samaritan Pentateuch, insert some words at the end of ver. 14, which Grotius believes have been omitted by the Massorets, in the present Hebrew Bibles. "They shall take a purple veil, and fold up the laver and its foot, and put them in a covering of violet skins, and place them upon the bars." (Calmet)
4:15
Calmet
Vessels of, etc. Some say, not even their coverings. God threatens to punish all idle curiosity or negligence, particularly with respect to the ark, which the Caathites had to carry, till the priests became sufficiently numerous to perform that office, as they generally did, Deuteronomy 31:9. (Calmet)
4:16
Over them. The sons of Caath, to whose care the more sacred things were entrusted; or Hebrew, "over the oil," etc.
4:20
Calmet
Curiosity. Septuagint, "suddenly." Let them not rush in before all the vessels be properly covered. The priests folded them up with all haste, that they might see them as little as possible themselves. (Calmet)
4:23
Calmet
Thirty. Septuagint, "25," as ver. 3. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
They began to be taught how to act, at 25; but did not officiate till 30. (Du Hamel)
4:26
Calmet
All things. Hebrew, "veils round the altar" of holocausts in the court. (Calmet)
4:27
Calmet
Assigned. Hebrew, "you shall count over to them what they have to carry." Septuagint, "you shall call (the Levites) by name, and all that shall be intrusted to them," ver. 32. (Calmet)
From the different offices of the priests and Levites in the old law, Innocent III takes occasion to shew the distinction of the orders in the Christian Church. (De S. Altar. 2. ad 7.)
4:5
In this case it was necessarie for the priests to enter in, where otherwise none entered but the high Priest, and that but once in the yeare. And al being foulded vp, others also entered to carie it away. v. 15.
4:18
See that by your negligence those that are next vnto you incurre not offence, for so none shal be excused.
4:3
san Girolamo † 420 d.C. The Letters of St. Jerome 82.8
… and as he has now attained to thirty years I apprehend that no blame can attach to him on that score. Indeed this particular age is stamped as full and complete by the mystery of Christ’s assumed manhood. Let him call to mind the ancient law, and he will see that after his twenty-fifth year a Levite might be chosen to the priesthood;
4:5
Tertulliano † 220 d.C. Five Books in Reply to Marcion 4
With lambs’skins dyed with heaven’s hue; within
4:2
Cap. superiori, vers. 15, a mense primo aetatis numerati sunt Levitae, qui surrogarentur totidem pene primogenitis; hic vero numerantur Levitae ab anno trigesimo, quia hic numerantur tantum viri fortes, qui gravia onera et partes tabernaculi portare possent, cum movenda erant castra. Pari modo apud Hebraeos, nemo ante annum trigesimum docere poterat: unde anno trigesimo coepit tam Christus, quam Joannes Baptista praedicare. Est enim haec aetas maturi judicii, et justae auctoritatis. Simili modo in sacerdotibus verisimile est statutam fuisse aetatem, antequam sacerdotio fungi non possent, ait Abulensis, Quaest. XLII; sed quaenam ea fuerit, nusquam in Scriptura exprimitur. Quod enim Josephus tradit, Hyrcani filium anno aetatis decimo octavo pontificatu functum esse, merito dubitare licet an id recte et secundum jura sit actum. Si enim in Levitis major aetas requisita fuit, ergo multo magis in sacerdotibus et pontificibus.
4:3
Hebr. omnis qui ingreditur ad militiam, vel exercitum. Hunc enim significat Hebraeum tsaba; Noster tamen tsaba vertit stationem, quia tsaba deducit a iatsab, id est stetit: unde et Hebraeae linguae periti, ut Mercerus, Forsterus et alii docent exercitum vocari tsaba, id est stationem, quia est statio militaris. Militia porro, vel statio vocatur hic ipsa ministratio Ecclesiastica Levitarum in tabernaculo, uti vertit noster Interpres vers. 30. Haec enim militia est, non humana, sed divina, qua ordinatissima serie instar militum excubabant Levitae, primo, ad custodiam tabernaculi; secundo, ad illud portandum et protegendum; tertio, ad subserviendum sacerdotibus, ut sacrificia rite peragerentur, atque ad omnem sacrum famulatum Dei. Hunc hebraismum imitatus S. Paulus, Timotheum Episcopum hortatur, ut «militet bonam militiam, habens bonam fidem et conscientiam,» I Timoth. 1, 8. Clerici ergo sunt milites, quorum duces et antesignani sunt Episcopi. Militia enim Hebraeis omnem famulatum significat: hinc Levitae, angeli, coeli, sidera omnesque creaturae vocantur milites Dei, diciturque Deus Sabaoth, id est exercituum, puta militum jam dictorum, estque Sabaoth unum ex decem nominibus Dei, quod Septuaginta nunc dynameon, id est virtutum, sive potentiarum; nunc pantokratora, id est omnipotentem, omniaque vincentem, omnibus dominantem vertunt, teste S. Hieronymo, epist. 136 ad Marcellam. Ubi Nota: Levitae hic dicuntur ingredi in militiam, scilicet Dei et tabernaculi; alii vero vulgares milites ad bellum euntes, dicuntur egredi in militiam, quia peregre ad bellum et hostes suos proficiscuntur.
4:4
Hoc est ministerium, haec functio sacra Caathitarum. Patet ex Hebraeo.
Hinc patet, etiam minores sacerdotes ingressos esse Sanctum sanctorum ad illud deponendum, cum movenda erant castra. Unde quod Levit. xvi, et ad Hebr. ix, 7, dicitur, quod solus pontifex semel in anno ingrederetur Sanctum sanctorum, intellige, quando fixa erant castra, in iisque quietum consistebat tabernaculum, ad ministrandum et sacris operandum in eo: hoc enim solius erat pontificis; non autem quando in motu castrorum dissolvendum erat tabernaculum: hoc enim erat minorum sacerdotum, uti bene probat Abulensis, Quaest. V; nam quando dissolvendum erat Sanctum sanctorum, tunc subducebat Deus, vel potius angelus, corpus illud sive nubem quae incubabat et quasi insidebat propitiatorio, dabatque oracula: unde tunc non erat periculum irreverentiae, aut quod minores sacerdotes corpus illud Deum repraesentans essent visuri. Addit Abulensis, Quaest. XVIII, ipsos Levitas, puta Caathitas, ingressos esse Sanctum sanctorum, ut ejus supellectilem, puta arcam, Cherubim et propitiatorium a sacerdotibus involuta et colligata exportarent, uti dicitur vers. 15, quia illis loco suo amotis et involutis, omnis gloria Sancti sanctorum jam erat ablata, censebaturque jam locus iste non esse sacer, sed communis et quasi profanus.
4:5
Quod dividit Sanctum a Sancto sanctorum; itaque sacerdotes involvebant primo arcam et Cherubim hoc velo: deinde pallio coccineo pari modo involvebant mensam, altare et candelabrum, quae erant in Sancto. Haec enim habebantur sancta et sacra, adeo ut ne Levitis quidem ea nuda tangere, aut videre liceret sub poena mortis, uti hic dicitur. Omnia ergo vasa haec involvebant et velabant sacerdotes, cum movenda erant castra, ideoque dissolvendum erat tabernaculum, deinde ea velata Levitis, puta Caathitis, portanda tradebant. Secundo accedebant Gersonitae, convolventes et efferentes suas cortinas et vela. Ultimo veniebant Meraritae, columnas et tabulas tabernaculi dissolventes et exportantes. Contrarius erat ordo in erectione tabernaculi, cum figenda erant castra: tunc enim primi accedebant Meraritae, ut figerent columnas et compingerent tabulas tabernaculi. Secundo veniebant Gersonitae, ut illa suis cortinis et velis obducerent. Tertio et ultimo accedebant Caathitae, ut tam in Sancto, quam in Sancto sanctorum sua vasa velata deponerent: quae deinde sacerdotes evolvebant, suisque locis collocabant.
4:6
Non in arcam, quia jam in eam inducti erant, et nunquam extrahebantur, ut patet Exod. xxv, 15; inducent ergo et imponent hos vectes in humeros portantium, puta Caathitarum.
4:7
Haec primo loco ponit noster Interpres, cum in Hebraeo ponantur ultimo loco, idque ad hoc, ut vasa propria libaminum, puta cyathos et crateras, jungat cum eo quod sequitur, ad liba fundenda (ita habent Hebraea); thus enim simul cum sacrificiis adolebatur, quod in thuribulis his servabatur; in mortariolis vero, id est scutellis, excipiebatur simila pro mincha, sive sacrificio farreo; in cyathis denique et crateribus excipiebatur vinum, vel oleum ad libandum et effundendum. Hoc enim significat id ad liba fundenda. Ubi nota: Licet thus et farina subinde vocentur libamina, proprie tamen sola liquida, ut vinum et oleum, libamina sunt. Panes (propositionis) semper in ea erunt. — «In ea,» scilicet mensa. Intellige haec, in terra promissionis, ubi Hebraei in quiete futuri, rite culturi erant Deum, et has caeremonias servaturi. Ita aliqui. Verum contrarium videtur verius; loquitur enim hic Moses de eo quod faciendum erat in deserto, cum movenda erant castra, et convasanda supellex tabernaculi.
4:10
In candelabro nulli erant vectes; unde eos alligabant sarcinae candelabri, deinde eos in humeros imponebant, itaque portabant candelabrum: in arca vero, mensa et altari erant vectes; unde quod mox vers. 11, de altari dicitur: «Inducentque vectes,» intellige non in altare, sed in humeros portantium, uti dixi vers. 6.
4:11
Altare thymiamatis, quod factum erat ex lignis setim, sed obductum laminis aureis, cum altare holocaustorum obductum esset laminis aeneis per latera.
4:13
Tum victimarum in eo combustarum in Sina, tum lignorum, quibus deinceps fovendus est ignis sacer, juxta praeceptum Dei latum Levit. cap. vi, vers. 12. Nam post egressum ex Sina, deinceps non sacrificarunt Hebraei victimas ullas in deserto.
4:14
In Hebraeo pro his tribus est una vox mislegot, quae significat fuscinulam, sive ea tridens sit, sive unidens, puta uncinus unius dentis. Omittuntur hic phialae, quae habentur in Hebraeo, de quo dixi Exod. xxv, 29.
4:15
Nuda scilicet, et non operta. Addit S. Thomas Levitas nec ipsa vasa, licet involuta, sed tantum vectes eis impositos tetigisse. Tropologice Origenes, homil. 4: «Plebs, ait, Christiana Sancta sanctorum velata super humeros portat, dum Sacramenta suscipit, et praecepta implet, quorum rationem non intelligit.»
4:16
Super quos (Caathitas) erit Eleazar, utpote ex Caath oriundus. Gersonitis vero et Meraritis praeerat Ithamar, junior Aaronis filius, sed ita ut super omnes superintenderet, et generalem providentiam gereret Eleazar. Ad cujus (Eleazari) curam pertinet oleum, incensum, et sacrificium (juge) quod semper offertur. — Non quod solus Eleazar sacrificaret, aut adoleret incensum, sed quod ejus erat curare et prospicere ne materia haec, puta ne oleum, simila et incensum deesset. Haec cura quoad aliqua, postea in Levitas partita est, videlicet cura similae, vini, thuris, olei et aromatum, ut patet I Paralip. ix, 29.
4:18
Ne permittatis Caathitas perdi et occidi a me, quod fiet, si tangant Sancta sanctorum, id est vasa tabernaculi sanctissima.
4:28
Hoc est ministerium Gersonitarum. Hebraeum enim aboda significat opus, servitium, ministerium, et quia hoc hic sacrum erat, ideo a nostro Interprete vocatur cultus.
4:37
To per manum Moysi refer non ad «numeravit,» sed ad «sermonem Domini,» q. d. Numerati sunt omnes juxta sermonem et imperium Domini, qui id fieri jussit «per manum Mosis,» id est per Mosen ministrum et instrumentum suum. Hoc enim significat manus, utpote quae in homine est organum organorum.
4:49
Dicendo videlicet, et singulis imperando: Illi Gersonitae portent cortinas tabernaculi, isti sagum cilicinum, illi velum ostii, et similiter Meraritis et Caathitis, particulatim quibusque sua munia dispertiendo. Atque haec videtur fuisse tota functio, totumque officium Levitarum ordinarium usque ad Davidem, videlicet portare et custodire vasa tabernaculi, uti indicatur I Paral. xxiii, 26. David vero, ut ibidem dicitur, officium canendi, sive psallendi, aliaque eis attribuit, et inter eos distribuit. Dico ordinaria: nam extraordinarie Levitae in victimis excoriandis, concidendis et cremandis juvabant sacerdotes, quando ipsi ad ea non sufficiebant, ut patet II Paral. xxix, 34.
Ministri Legis Veteris et Novae Ex his legis veteris ministris ortum habuerunt ministri legis novae, id est ad eorum exemplum legis novae in Ecclesia sunt constituti; puta ex Levitis diaconi, ex sacerdotibus filiis Aaron presbyteri, ex pontifice Episcopi, ex cantoribus templi cantores Ecclesiae, ex Aaron et filiis ejus, qui componebant lucernas, Exod. xxvii, 21, acolyti, quos ceroferarios vocant; ex Nathinaeis, de quibus dicendum est Josue cap. ix, vers. ultim., subdiaconi; ex Nazaraeis, de quibus cap. vi, Religiosi. Ita docet Innocentius III, lib. I De sacro Altaris mysterio, a cap. II usque ad VII. Jam si tantum fuit officium Levitarum veterum, qui tantum circa tabernaculum sacerdotibus subserviebant, ut Deus sigillatim hic singulis sua munia operose assignet, quantum erit officium Diaconorum et ministrorum novi Testamenti, qui sacrificio corporis et sanguinis Christi deserviunt! sane angelicum est, et ab angelis saepe usurpatum.
Angeli Sacris Ministrantes Cum aliquando die Paschae in ecclesia S. Mariae Majoris Gregorius I Pontifex celebraret, et «pax Domini sit semper vobiscum,» dixisset, angelus Domini alta voce respondit: «Et cum spiritu tuo.» Propter quod Papae ipsa die ibidem celebranti, et «pax Domini,» etc. dicenti, nihil respondetur, inquit Joannes Diaconus, in Vita S. Gregorii. Proculus Episcopus et Martyr e Syria Romam venit tempore Justini Imperatoris, totamque Romanam provinciam percurrens praedicabat, miraculis ac vitae sanctitate refulgens. Is cum die quadam rem sacram faceret praesente Valentino Episcopo Interamnensi, angelus Domini acceptum de altari calicem in aera videntibus omnibus sublevavit, ac deinde in altari reposuit sanguine consecrato, sanctus autem presbyter de mandato angeli sanguinem consecratum libavit. Ita refert Petrus Episcopus Aquilinus, lib. I Catal. Sanct. cap. xv. In Vita S. Oswaldi Episcopi Vigorniensis, qui vixit anno Domini 1170, narratur quod angelus ipsi sacrificanti ministrarit officiose, et ad singula responderit. Frater Joannes de Parma, Generalis Franciscanorum, hora constituta venit ad sacrificandum, nec comparebat frater ministraturus: mox adest angelus, et fit minister, vultu ac veste referens Religiosum. Sacrificio finito venit frater, rogatque: «Placetne, pater mi, Sacrum facere?» Tum vir Dei cognovit angelum, non Religiosum, Sacro ministrasse. Ita habent eorum Chronica, tomo II, lib. I, cap. LVII. S. Nilus Abbas, epistola ad Anastasium Episcopum, scribit de S. Joanne Chrysostomo eum, quoties fere celebrabat, angelos vidisse: «Cum coepisset, ait, sanctum sacrificium, plurima statim ex illis Virtutibus e coelo descendentes, stolis indutae splendidissimis, nudis pedibus, intentis oculis, prono vultu, magno cum silentio et reverentia, quoad venerandum illud mysterium expletum fuit, circumsteterunt. Deinde huc illuc singulae per totam domum diffusae, presbyteris et diaconibus distributionem corporis et pretiosi sanguinis ministrantibus adhaeserunt, satagentes, et sedulo adjuvantes.» Audi magis mirandum. Christus Dominus dedit sacram communionem S. Dionysio Areopagitae. Nam cum ipse carcere cum Rustico et Eleutherio clauderetur, nec posset celebrare, apparuit ei Christus cum angelorum multitudine, et accipiens panem sanctum dedit illi dicens: «Accipe hoc, mi care, quod mox tibi complebo una cum Patre meo; quoniam mecum est maxima merces tua, et his, qui audierint te, salus in regno meo. Nunc age fortiter, et memoria tua erit in laude.» Ita Hilduinus in Vita S. Dionysii. S. Bonaventura ex humilitate abstinens sacra communione, quasi indignus, particulam consecratae hostiae de manu celebrantis per angelum accepit, qui eam illius ori immisit, significans ut omnem saepe celebrandi scrupulum amoveret et cum Creatore suo, a quo amabatur, familiariter conversaretur. Ita habet ejus Vita. Idem contigit cuidam sanctae matronae, cui nomen Bertranda, ut habetur in Vita S. Elzearii, cap. XVII. In Vita SS. Faustini et Jovitae Martyrum legimus, quod, cum ipsi Secundum militem Mediolani baptizassent, et sacram communionem ei dare vellent, nec haberent panem ex quo eam conficerent, a columba delatum acceperint, eique sumendum porrexerint. Columba, quae est symbolum Spiritus Sancti, significabat in Eucharistia Spiritum Sanctum quoque adesse. Nam ubi est Filius, ibi est et Pater, et Spiritus Sanctus.
4:3
LEVITI (EBR. LĒWĪ, PLUR. LĒWĪJĪM; GR. LĒWĪJĪ, PLUR. - AI)
Il servizio cominciava dai 25 anni (Num. 8, 24), ma solo dai 30 comprendeva lavori pesanti, come il trasporto dell'Arca (ibid. 4, 3, 47), e durava fino ai 50. Non risulta che avessero allora vesti speciali. …
4:7
Sono chiamati lēhem pāniem «pane della faccia» o della presenza (Ex. 25, 30; I Sam. 21, 7 ecc.), perché posti davanti a Dio; lēhem tāmīdh «pane perpetuo» (Num. 4, 7); lēhem gādheh «pane santo» (I Sam. 21, 5, 7); dopo l'esilio, anche lēhem ham-ma'ārehheth «pane del mucchio» (I Par. 9, 32; 23, 29; Neh. 10, 33), a motivo della disposizione sulla mensa. …
4:15
… Non era però loro permesso, pena la morte, di vedere o toccare gli stessi arredi sacri quando erano ancora scoperti (Num. 4, 15-20). Dovevano preparare per ogni sabato i pani della proposizione (I Par. 9, 32) e trasportare sulle spalle l'arca (Num. 7, 1-9; I Par. 15, 2-15). I leviti discendenti da Gerson (v.) …
4:21
… Questo G. è capostipite della famiglia levitica dei Gersonidi addetta al servizio del Tabernacolo nel periodo desertico (Num. 3, 21 sgg.; 4, 21 sgg.; 7, 7) e che poi partecipa al possesso della città dei Leviti (Ios. 21, 6, 27).
4:28
I. presiede i Gersoniti e i Merariti per il trasporto di alcuni parti del Tabernacolo nel deserto (Num. 4, 28, 33; 7, 8). I discendenti di I. (famiglia di Eli) hanno la custodia dell'arca a Silo (I Sam. 1). Sotto David, compiono le funzioni sacerdotali, insieme ai discendenti di Eleazar (famiglia …
4:29
I suoi discendenti (I Par. 5, 27; 6, 1-4. 29-34 [Volg. 6, 1. 16-19. 44-48]) costituivano il gruppo meno numeroso dei leviti (ca. 6200); nel deserto erano addetti al trasporto delle parti di legno del Tabernacolo (Num. 3, 33-37; 4, 29-33; 26, 57), per il quale disponevano di 4 carri e 8 buoi (Num. 7, 8).
4:48
LEVITI (EBR. LĒWĪ, PLUR. LĒWĪJĪM; GR. LĒWĪJĪ, PLUR. - AI)
La loro iniziazione avvenne con riti (Ex. 29; cf. Ex. 40; Lev. 8-9; 21), che rimasero poi tradizionali, comprendenti specialmente l'imposizione delle mani (Num. 8, 6-15). Nel primo censimento risultarono in numero di 8580 (ibid. 4, 48). Ai tre gruppi, Gersoniti, Caathiti, Merariti, erano assegnate funzioni specializzate e posti particolari presso l'Arca in marcia e nell'accampamento (Ex. 3).
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.