The Leuites are assumed to the seruice of the Tabernacle, 14. numbered by their seueral families, and their offices distinguished, 45. They are taken to God in place of the first borne of the children of Israel. The residue of the first borne, aboue the number of Leuites, are redemed with price.
1These are the generations of Aaron and Moses in the day that the Lord spoke to Moses in mount Sinai.Questa è la discendenza d'Aronne e di Mosè nel tempo, in cui il Signore parlò a Mosè sul monte Sinai.THESE are the generations of Aaron and Moyses in the day that our Lord spake to Moyses in Mount Sinai.Hæ sunt generationes Aaron et Moysi in die qua locutus est Dominus ad Moysen in monte Sinai. 2And these the names of the sons of Aaron: his firstborn Nadab, then Abiu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar.E questi i nomi dei figliuoli d'Aronne: il primogenito di lui Nadab, di poi Abiu, ed Elcazar, e Ithamar.And these be the names of the sonnes of Aaron: his first begotten Nadab, then Abiu, and Eleazar, and Ithamar.Et hæc nomina filiorum Aaron: primogenitus ejus Nadab, deinde Abiu, et Eleazar, et Ithamar. 3These the names of the sons of Aaron the priests that were anointed, and whose hands were filled and consecrated, to do the functions of priesthood.Questi sono i nomi dei figliuoli d'Aronne sacerdoti, che furono unti, e de' quali furon ripiene, e consacrate le mani, affinché facessero le funzioni del sacerdozio.These are the names of the sonnes of Aaron the priests that were anointed, and whose handes were filled and cōsecrated, to doe the function of priesthood.Hæc nomina filiorum Aaron sacerdotum qui uncti sunt, et quorum repletæ et consecratæ manus ut sacerdotio fungerentur. 4Now Nadab and Abiu died, without children, when they offered strange fire before the Lord, in the desert of Sinai: and Eleazar and Ithamar performed the priestly office in the presence of Aaron their father.Nadab però e Abiu morirono senza figliuoli in offerendo al cospetto del Signore del fuoco straniero nel deserto del Sinai: ed Eleazar e Ithamar fecero le funzioni dei sacerdozio sotto gli occhi d'Aronne loro padre.For Nadab and Abiu died, when they offered the strange fire in the sight of our Lord, in the desert of Sinai, without children: and Eleazar and Ithamar did the function of priesthood in the presence of Aaron their father.Mortui sunt enim Nadab et Abiu cum offerrent ignem alienum in conspectu Domini in deserto Sinai, absque liberis: functique sunt sacerdotio Eleazar et Ithamar coram Aaron patre suo. 5And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè, e disse:And our Lord spake to moyses, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: 6Bring the tribe of Levi, and make them stand in the sight of Aaron the priest to minister to him, and let them watch,Fa' che si appressi la tribù di Levi, e stia dinanzi ad Aronne sacerdote, affinché lo servano, o stiano di guardia,Bring the tribe of Leui, and make them stand in the sight of Aaron the priest to minister vnto him, and let them watch,Applica tribum Levi, et fac stare in conspectu Aaron sacerdotis ut ministrent ei, et excubent, 7And observe whatsoever appertaineth to the service of the multitude before the tabernacle of the testimony,E facciano in tutto le parti del popolo riguardo al culto sacro dinanzi al tabernacolo del testimonio,and obserue whatsoeuer pertaineth to the seruice of the multitude before the tabernacle of testimonie,et observent quidquid ad cultum pertinet multitudinis coram tabernaculo testimonii, 8And let them keep the vessels of the tabernacle, serving in the ministry thereof.E ne custodiscano i vasi, e nel servizio di esso (tabernacolo) siano occupati.and let them keepe the vessel of the tabernacle, seruing in the ministerie therof.et custodiant vasa tabernaculi, servientes in ministerio ejus.
9And thou shalt give the Levites for a gift,E tu offerirai i LevitiAnd thou shalt geue the Leuites for a gift,Dabisque dono Levitas 10To Aaron and to his sons, to whom they are delivered by the children of Israel. But thou shalt appoint Aaron and his sons over the service of priesthood. The stranger that approacheth to minister, shall be put to death.Ad Aronne, e a' figliuoli di lui, a' quali eglino sono stati rimessi da' figliuoli d'Israele. Ad Aronne, e a' figliuoli di lui assegnerai le funzioni del sacerdozio: qualunque altro, che s'ingerisca in tal ministero, sarà messo a morte.to Aaron and to his sonnes, to whom they are deliuered of the children of Israel. But Aaron and his sonnes thou shalt appoint ouer the seruice of priesthood. The stranger, that approcheth to minister, shal die.Aaron et filiis ejus, quibus traditi sunt a filiis Israël. Aaron autem et filios ejus constitues super cultum sacerdotii. Externus, qui ad ministrandum accesserit, morietur. 11And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè, e disse:And our Lord spake to Moyses, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: 12I have taken the Levites from the children of Israel, for every firstborn that openeth the womb among the children of Israel, and the Levites shall be mine.lo ho preso da' figliuoli d'Israele i Leviti in luogo di tutti i primogeniti, che aprono i primi l'utero della lor madre, e saran miei i Leviti.I haue taken the Leuites from the children of Israel, for euerie first borne, that openeth the matrice among the children of Israel, and the Leuites shal be mine.Ego tuli Levitas a filiis Israël pro omni primogenito, qui aperit vulvam in filiis Israël, eruntque Levitæ mei. 13For every firstborn is mine: since I struck the firstborn in the land of Egypt: I have sanctified to myself whatsoever is firstborn in Israel both of man and beast, they are mine: I am the Lord.Imperocché miei sono tutti i primogeniti: da quel tempo, in cui uccisi i primogeniti nella terra di Egitto, io consacrai a me tutti i primi parti in Israele: dall'uomo fino agli animali sono miei. Io il Signore.For the first borne is mine: since I stroke the first borne in the Land of Aegypt: I haue sanctified to me whatsoeuer is first borne in Israel from man vnto beast, they are mine: I the Lord.Meum est enim omne primogenitum: ex quo percussi primogenitos in terra Ægypti, sanctificavi mihi quidquid primum nascitur in Israël: ab homine usque ad pecus, mei sunt. Ego Dominus. 14And the Lord spoke to Moses in the desert of Sinai, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè nel deserto del Sinai, e disse:And our Lord spake to moyses in the desert of Sinai, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen in deserto Sinai, dicens:
15Number the sons of Levi by the houses of their fathers and their families, every male from one month and upward.Novera i figliuoli di Levi secondo le case de' loro padri, e famiglie, tutti i maschi da un mese in su.Number the sonnes of Leui by the houses of their fathers and their families, euerie male from one moneth and vpward.Numera filios Levi per domos patrum suorum et familias, omnem masculum ab uno mense et supra. 16Moses numbered them as the Lord had commanded.Mosè ne fece il novero, conforme avea ordinato il Signore.Moyses numbered, as our Lord had commanded,Numeravit Moyses, ut præceperat Dominus, 17And there were found sons of Levi by their names, Gerson and Caath Merari.E questi sono i nomi de' figliuoli di Levi, Gerson, e Caath, e Merari:and there were found the sonnes of Leui by their names, Gerson and Caath and Merari.et inventi sunt filii Levi per nomina sua, Gerson et Caath et Merari. 18The sons of Gerson: Lebni and Semei.Figliuoli di Gerson Lebni, e Semei:The sonnes of Gerson: Lebni and Semei.Filii Gerson: Lebni et Semei. 19The sons of Caath: Amram, and Jesaar, Hebron and Oziel:Figliuoli di Caath Amram, e Jesaar, Hebron, e Oziel:The sonnes of Caath: Amram, and Iesaar, Hebron and Oziel.Filii Caath: Amram et Jesaar, Hebron et Oziel. 20The sons of Merari, Moholi and Musi.Figliuoli di Merari Moholi, e Musi.The sonnes of Merari: Moholi and Musi.Filii Merari: Moholi et Musi. 21Of Gerson were two families, the Lebnites, and the Semeites:Da Gerson uscirono due famiglie, quella di Lebni, e quella di Semei:Of Gerson were two families, the Lebnitical, and Semeitical:De Gerson fuere familiæ duæ, Lebnitica, et Semeitica: 22Of which were numbered, people of the male sex from one month and upward, seven thousand five hundred.Delle quali contati tutti i maschi da un mese in su fecero il numero di sette milacinquecento.of whom were numbered the people of male sexe from one moneth and vpward, seuen thousand fiue hundred.quarum numeratus est populus sexus masculini ab uno mense et supra, septem millia quingenti. 23These shall pitch behind the tabernacle on the west,Questi avranno l'alloggiamento dietro al tabernacolo ad occidente,These shal pitch behind the taberna cle on the West.Hi post tabernaculum metabuntur ad occidentem, 24Under their prince Eliasaph the son of Lael.Sotto Eliasaph, figliuolo di Lael, loro principe.vnder their prince Heliasaph, the sonne of Lael.sub principe Eliasaph filio Laël. 25And their charge shall be in the tabernacle of the covenant:E veglieranno sopra il tabernacolo dell'alleanza.And their charge shal be in the tabernacle of couenāt,Et habebunt excubias in tabernaculo fœderis,
26The tabernacle itself and the cover thereof, the hanging that is drawn before the doors of the tabernacle of the covenant, and the curtains of the court: the hanging also that is hanged in the entry of the court of the tabernacle, and whatsoever belongeth to the rite of the altar, the cords of the tabernacle, and all the furniture thereof.Avranno cura dello stesso tabernacolo, e delle sue coperte, della tenda, che si tira davanti alla porta del tabernacolo dell'alleanza, e delle cortine dell'atrio: del velo parimente, che si sospende all'ingresso dell'atrio del tabernacolo, e di tutto quel che serve al ministero dell'altare, delle corde del tabernacolo, e di tutti i suoi utensili.the tabernacle it selfe and the couer therof, the hanging that is drawne before the dores of the roofe of couenant, and the curtines of the court: the hanging also that is hanged in the entrie of the court of the tabernacle, and whatsoeuer pertaineth to the rite of the altar, the cordes of the tabernacle, and al the furniture therof.ipsum tabernaculum et operimentum ejus, tentorium quod trahitur ante fores tecti fœderis, et cortinas atrii: tentorium quoque quod appenditur in introitu atrii tabernaculi, et quidquid ad ritum altaris pertinet, funes tabernaculi et omnia utensilia ejus. 27Of the kindred of Caath come the families of the Amramites and Jesaarites and Hebronites and Ozielites. These are the families of the Caathites reckoned up by their names:La discendenza di Caath avrà le famiglie degli Amramiti, e Gesaariti, e degli Ebroniti, e degli Ozieliti. Queste sono le famiglie de' Caathiti pe' loro nomi.The kinred of Caath shal haue the peoples of the Amramites, and Iesaarites, and Hebronites, and Ozielites. These are the families of the Caithites reckened by their names:Cognatio Caath habebit populos Amramitas et Jesaaritas et Hebronitas et Ozielitas. Hæ sunt familiæ Caathitarum recensitæ per nomina sua. 28All of the male sex from one month and upward, eight thousand six hundred: they shall have the guard of the sanctuary,La somma di tutti i maschi da un mese in su, otto mila secento avranno cura del santuario,al of the male sexe from one moneth and vpward, eight thousand six hundred, they shal haue the gard of the Sanctuarie,Omnes generis masculini ab uno mense et supra, octo millia sexcenti habebunt excubias sanctuarii, 29And shall camp on the south side.E avranno alloggiamento dalla parte di mezzodì.and shal campe on the south side.et castrametabuntur ad meridianam plagam.
30And their prince shall be Elisaphan the son of Oziel:E il loro principe sarà Elisaphan, figliuolo di Oziel:And their prince shal be Elizaphan the sonne of Oziel:Princepsque eorum erit Elisaphan filius Oziel: 31And they shall keep the ark, and the table and the candlestick, the altars, and the vessels of the sanctuary, wherewith they minister, and the veil, and all the furniture of this kind.Ed eglino avranno cura dell'arca, e della mensa, e del candeliere, degli altari, e de' vasi del santuario, che servono al ministero, e del velo, e di tutte le robe, che van con queste.and they shal keepe the arke, and table and the candlesticke, the altars, and the vessel of the Sanctuarie, wherin the ministration is, and the veile, and al such kind of implementes.et custodient arcam, mensamque et candelabrum, altaria et vasa sanctuarii, in quibus ministratur, et velum, cunctamque hujuscemodi supellectilem. 32And the prince of the princes of the Levites, Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, shall be over them that watch for the guard of the sanctuary.Ed Eleazaro, figliuolo d'Aronne sacerdote, e primo principe de' Leviti, soprintenderà a quelli che hanno la custodia dell'arca.And the prince of the princes of the Leuites, Eliazar, the sonne of Aaron the priest, shal be ouer them that watch for the custodie of the Sanctuarie.Princeps autem principum Levitarum Eleazar filius Aaron sacerdotis, erit super excubitores custodiæ sanctuarii. 33And of Merari are the families of the Moholites, and Musites, reckoned up by their names:Sotto Merari saranno le famiglie de' Moholiti, e dei Musiti, de' quali fu fatto il novero nei loro nomi:But of Merari shal be the peoples of the Moholites, and Musites, reckened by their names:At vero de Merari erunt populi Moholitæ et Musitæ recensiti per nomina sua: 34All of the male kind from one month and upward, six thousand two hundred.Tutti i maschi da un mese in su seimila dugento.al of the male kind from one moneth and vpward, six thousand two hundred.omnes generis masculini ab uno mense et supra, sex millia ducenti. 35Their prince Suriel the son of Abihaiel: their shall camp on the north side.Il loro principe Suriel, figliuolo di Abihaiel: avranno gli alloggiamenti a settentrione.Their prince Suriel the sonne of Abihaiel: they shal campe on the north side.Princeps eorum Suriel filius Abihaiel: in plaga septentrionali castrametabuntur. 36Under their custody shall be the boards of the tabernacle, and the bars, and the pillars and their sockets, and all things that pertain to this kind of service:Saranno sotto la loro cura le tavole del tabernacolo, e le stanghe, e le colonne colle loro basi, e tutte le cose, che vanno con queste.Vnder their custodie shal be the bordes of the tabernacle, and the barres, and the pillers and their feete, and al thinges that pertaine to this kind of seruice:Erunt sub custodia eorum tabulæ tabernaculi et vectes, et columnæ ac bases earum, et omnia quæ ad cultum hujuscemodi pertinent:
37And the pillars of the court round about with their sockets, and the pins with their cords.E parimente le colonne, che circondano l'atrio, colle loro basi, e i chiodi, e le funi.and the pillers of the court round about with their feete, and the pinnes with the cordes.columnæque atrii per circuitum cum basibus suis, et paxilli cum funibus. 38Before the tabernacle of the covenant, that is to say on the east side shall Moses and Aaron camp, with their sons, having the custody of the sanctuary, in the midst of the children of Israel. What stranger soever cometh unto it, shall be put to death.Mosè e Aronne coi suoi figliuoli avranno l'alloggiamento dinanzi al tabernacolo dell'alleanza ad oriente, vegliando alla custodia del santuario in mezzo a' figliuoli d'Israele: qualunque straniero vi si accosti, sarà messo a morte.Before the tabernacle of couenant, that is to say, on the east side, shal Moyses and Aaron campe, with their sonnes, hauing the custodie of the Sanctuarie, in the middes of the children of Israel. what stranger soeuer cometh therto, shal die.Castrametabuntur ante tabernaculum fœderis, id est, ad orientalem plagam, Moyses et Aaron cum filiis suis, habentes custodiam sanctuarii in medio filiorum Israël. Quisquis alienus accesserit, morietur. 39All the Levites, that I Moses and Aaron numbered according to the precept of the Lord, by their f families, of the male kind from one month and upward, were twenty-two thousand.Tutti i Leviti di sesso mascolino da un mese in su, che furon contati famiglia per famiglia da Mosè e da Aronne secondo il comandamento del Signore, furono ventidue mila.Al the Leuites, that Moyses and Aaron numbered according to the precept of our Lord by their families in the male kinde from one moneth and vpward, were twentie two thousand.Omnes Levitæ, quos numeraverunt Moyses et Aaron juxta præceptum Domini per familias suas in genere masculino a mense uno et supra, fuerunt viginti duo millia. 40And the Lord said to Moses: Number the firstborn of the male sex of the children of Israel, from one month and upward, and thou shalt take the sum of them.E il Signore disse a Mosè: Conta i primogeniti maschi de' figliuoli d'Israele da un mese insù, e tienne registro.And our Lord said to Moyses: Number the first borne of the male sex of the children of Israel, from one moneth and vpward, and thou shalt haue the summe of them.Et ait Dominus ad Moysen: Numera primogenitos sexus masculini de filiis Israël ab uno mense et supra, et habebis summam eorum.
41And thou shalt take the Levites to me for all the firstborn of the children of Israel, I am the Lord: and their cattle for all the firstborn of the cattle of the children of Israel:E in vece di tutti i primogeniti de' figliuoli d'Israele, separerai per me i Leviti. Io sono il Signore. E i loro bestiami in vece di tutti i primogeniti de' bestiami de' figliuoli d'Israele.And thou shalt take the Leuites vnto me for al the first borne of the children of Israel, I am the Lord: and their cattel for al the first borne of the cattel of the children of Israel.Tollesque Levitas mihi pro omni primogenito filiorum Israël: ego sum Dominus: et pecora eorum pro universis primogenitis pecorum filiorum Israël. 42Moses reckoned up, as the Lord had commanded, the firstborn of the children of Israel:Mosè fece registro dei primogeniti de' figliuoli d'Israele, conforme aveva ordinato il Signore.Moyses reckened, as our Lord had commanded, the first borne of the children of Israel.Recensuit Moyses, sicut præceperat Dominus, primogenitos filiorum Israël: 43And the males by their names, from one month and upward, were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.E i maschi registrati pe' loro nomi da un mese in su furono ventidue mila dugentosettantatré.and the males by their names, from one moneth and vpward, were twentie two thousand two hundred seuentie three.et fuerunt masculi per nomina sua, a mense uno et supra, viginti duo millia ducenti septuaginta tres. 44And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:E il Signore parlò a Mosè, e disse:And our Lord spake to Moyses, saying:Locutusque est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens: 45Take the Levites for the firstborn of the children of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites for their cattle, and the Levites shall be mine. I am the Lord.Prendi i Leviti in luogo de' primogeniti dei figliuoli d'Israele, e i bestiami dei Leviti invece de' bestiami di quelli, e i Leviti saranno miei. Io sono il Signore.Take the Leuites for the first borne of the children of Israel, and the cattel of the Leuites for their cattel, and the Leuites shal be mine. I am the Lord.Tolle Levitas pro primogenitis filiorum Israël, et pecora Levitarum pro pecoribus eorum, eruntque Levitæ mei. Ego sum Dominus. 46But for the price of the two hundred and seventy-three, of the firstborn of the children of Israel, that exceed the number of the Levites,E pel prezzo de' dugento settantatré primogeniti dei figliuoli d'Israele, i quali sono sopra il numero dei Leviti,But for the price of two hundred seuentie three, of the first borne of the children of Israel, that exceede the number of the Leuites,In pretio autem ducentorum septuaginta trium, qui excedunt numerum Levitarum de primogenitis filiorum Israël, 47Thou shalt take five sicles for every head, according to the weight of the sanctuary. A sicle hath twenty obols.Prenderai cinque sicli per testa al peso del santuario. Il siclo contiene venti oboli.thou shalt take fiue sicles for euerie head, after the measure of the Sāctuarie. A sicle hath twentie oboles.accipies quinque siclos per singula capita ad mensuram sanctuarii (siclus habet viginti obolos):
48And thou shalt give the money to Aaron and his sons, the price of them that are above.E darai questo denaro ad Aronne, e a' figliuoli di lui pe' primogeniti, che sono di più.And thou shalt giue the money to Aaron and to his sonnes the price of them that are aboue.dabisque pecuniam Aaron et filiis ejus pretium eorum qui supra sunt. 49Moses therefore took the money of them that were above, and whom they had redeemed from the Levites,Prese adunque Mosè il denaro per quelli che erano di più, e pe' quali si pagava il riscatto a' Leviti.Moyses therfore tooke their money, that were aboue, and whom he redemed of the Leuites,Tulit igitur Moyses pecuniam eorum, qui fuerant amplius, et quos redemerant a Levitis, 50For the firstborn of the children of Israel, one thousand three hundred and sixty-five sicles, according to the weight of the sanctuary,Per questi primogeniti de' figliuoli d'Israele mille trecento sessantacinque sicli al peso del santuario.for the first-borne of the children of Israel, a thousand three hundred sixtie fiue sicles, according to the weight of the Sanctuarie,pro primogenitis filiorum Israël, mille trecentorum sexaginta quinque siclorum juxta pondus sanctuarii: 51And gave it to Aaron and his sons according to the word that the Lord had commanded him.E lo diede ad Aronne, e a' suoi figliuoli secondo l'ordine datogli dal Signore.and gaue it to Aaron and his sonnes, according to the word that our Lord had commanded him.et dedit eam Aaron et filiis ejus juxta verbum quod præceperat sibi Dominus.
3:1
3:4
Haydock
Presence; or as it is expressed, (1 Paralipomenon 24:9,) under the hand of Aaron, by his direction, and in quality of his assistant, (Calmet) while he lived, Eleazar succeeded him in the high priesthood; (Josue 24:33,) and his children possessed that dignity, till the posterity of Ithamar came in under Heli, (Numbers 25:13.) (Haydock)
3:6
Calmet
To him, and to the other priests, who had to perform the higher offices. The Levites did not approach near the altar, except when they had to carry it and the tabernacle. (Calmet)
3:7
Haydock
And. Hebrew, "They shall watch over him, and over all the congregation," to assist the priests in their sacred office, and to take care that the people behave respectfully. (Haydock)
Menochius
All were bound to prevent any sacrilegious abuse. (Menochius)
3:10
To whom. Samaritan and Septuagint, "to me." They must serve God in the persons of his priests. They are called a gift, people bestowed, as the Nothnim, to serve in the meanest functions; and hence the Nathineans take their name. The Gabaonites were employed by Josue in this quality, Josue 9:23.
Calmet
Over. Hebrew, "they shall retain," etc. They shall permit no stranger to interfere. Cuneus (Rep. 2:11,) observes, that if a Levite undertook to do the office allotted to another, he was to be slain, after sentence had been passed by the judge. (Calmet)
3:12
Calmet
Mine. God claimed the first-born, on account of having spared them, Exodus 12:23. He requires that all the males shall be redeemed, except those of the tribe of Levi, whom he claims as his peculiar portion, as the price of the redemption of those who were living in Egypt, when the destroying angel passed by. This honour was wholly gratuitous, though the Levites deserved to obtain a confirmation of it by their zeal, Exodus 32:29 and Deuteronomy 33:9. God seems to have revealed to Moses the destination of Aaron's family, long before they were appointed to exercise the functions of the priesthood, Exodus 19:22, 24, and 24:1. (Calmet)
3:15
Menochius
Month; at which time the first-born were to be redeemed, chap 18:16. (Menochius)
Calmet
If only those of 20 years of age had been counted, they could not have amounted to nearly an equal number with the first-born of all the other tribes. (Calmet)
3:17
Menochius
Names. These had been long ago dead. (Menochius)
3:22
3:26
Calmet
Thereof. The Gersonites had the care of the veils round the court, and of the cords and gates. The priests guarded the tabernacle, ver. 32. The sons of Caath carried the altars, (ver. 31,) and the Merarites took care of the cords, which were attached to the pillars of the court, ver. 37. Hebrew may be translated "(among the vessels of) the tabernacle, the covering thereof, and the hanging for the door of the sanctuary, (or tabernacle of the congregation) and the hangings of the court, and the curtain for the door of the court, which is beside the tabernacle, and by the altar round about, and the cords belonging to the service of the tabernacle." (Calmet)
Whatsoever, in the Vulgate, must only be referred to the curtains.
3:28
Menochius
Sanctuary, with respect to the things mentioned, ver. 31. (Menochius)
Calmet
The Samaritan copy observes, that they also carried the brazen laver, as we find they did, (Numbers 4:14.) All these things were folded up in the violet curtains of the sanctuary, while the ark was covered with the veil which hung before it, (Numbers 4:5.) Some pretend that the number here specified ought to be 830, to obviate a difficulty [in] ver. 39. But this amendment has no solid foundation. (Calmet)
3:32
Calmet
Eleazar had authority over the Levites, as his father had over the priests also. Thus we find princes of the priests, different from the sovereign pontiff. (Matthew 2:4.; Matthew 16:21.; Luke 3:2.) Eleazar had also a particular charge of the Caathites, ( Numbers 4:16,) and was to take care that they handled the sacred vessels with due respect. (Calmet)
3:38
Sons, the children of Aaron. Those of Moses were among the Levites, 1 Paralipomenon 23:13. They did not remain with their father.
St. Augustine
In the, etc. Hebrew, "to guard the," etc., in order to supply for the rest of the Israelites, ver. 9. (St. Augustine, q. 4.)
3:39
Year of the World 2514, Year before Christ 1490.
Kennicott
And Aaron; a word omitted in the Samaritan and Syriac, and in the oldest Hebrew manuscript, and marked in the printed copies as dubious. (Kennicott)
Haydock
Thousand. If we collect the different sums, we shall find other 300; so that the Levites would be 27 more than the first-born of the other tribes, though Moses says (ver. 43-46) that they were fewer by 273. Some say that the 28th verse has been corrupted, (Calmet) or the 22nd, where we read 500 instead of 200. (Haydock)
Lyranus
Others observe, that in the 22,000, the first-born of the Levites and the priests of Aaron's family are not included, and these might amount to 300 men. (Lyranus)
Calmet
But Bonfrere rightly observes that this number is too small, as only one is allowed for 74 people. He thinks that the first-born, who were heads of families, are omitted, and those also who were born before the angel destroyed the Egyptians. On this supposition, however, 22,000 will appear too great a number to be produced by the Levites in the space of a year, when some were too young, and others too old, to have children, and others had children already before that event. We may, therefore, either admit the solution of Lyranus, or confess that some fault has crept into the number, though this must be very difficult, since Moses argues in the sequel on the supposition of its certainty. (Calmet)
Worthington
St. Jerome hence infers, that these numbers are full of mystery; Origen (hom. 4,) says, that the exact number, 22,000, may signify the perfection which God requires from those whom he takes into his service, as there are just 22 Hebrew letters, and 22 patriarchs, from Adam to Jacob, the father of the Israelites. (Worthington)
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Menochius
Cattle. These were kept by the Levites, and were not intended for sacrifice. (Menochius)
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Calmet
Levites, omitting the 300, as [in] ver. 39. For each of these 273, five sicles were to be paid, the price of the redemption of a child who had been vowed, Leviticus 27:6. The money was to be paid either by those who were counted last, or by a tax laid upon all the people, or it was determined by lot who should pay it. The Scripture is silent on this head. (Calmet)
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As none but Leuites might serue in the tabernacle: so none but of Aarons stock might do the office of Priest hood.
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One chiefe Monarch in the Church to whom al other Superiors are subordinate.
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Moyses is stil counted, and hath chiefe place and office among the Priestes, which were absurde, saieth S. Augustin (in Psal 98.) if he were not a priest.
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The sonnes of Moyses were with him so long as he liued, but after his death they serued the Priests, as other Leuites did, and were numbred with the Caathites. 1. Paral. 23. v. 12.
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39. Tvventie tvvo thousand.] Immediatly before were numbered of Gersonites •hy 300 are 〈…〉 in the 〈…〉 summe o• the Leuites. (v. 22.) 7500. of Caathites (v. 28.) 8600 and of Merarites (v. 34.) 6200. which make in al 22300. VVhy then are 300. left out of the total summe? especially seing by and by (v. 43.) a smaler, and other odde numbers of 273. are expressed, and therupon inferred (v. 46.) that the first borne of the Israelites did so much exceede the Leuites. VVheras if the whole number of Leuites had bene also expressed in the general summe, as it is contained in the three particular summes, the Leuites should exceede the first borne of Israelites by the number of 27. For answere to this difficultie, some suppose that the first borne of the Leuites were iust 300. and therfore so manie supplying only their owne places, there remained iust twentie two thousand to supplie the places of the first borne of other Israelites, and so the Leuites were sewer then those for whom they were taken vnto Gods seruice, by the number of 273. But that the first borne of Leuites were neither more nor sewer then 300. is not euident by the text. Howsoeuer therfore this doubt Perfect numbers signifie perfection. be solued, sure it is, by S. Hieroms iudgement (cited in the argument) that these numbers are mystical. And the iust number of 22. thousand Leuites may signifie ( 〈…〉 Or• •n, homil. 4. in Num.) perfection, required in those that are designed to the particular seruice of God; as there be also iust 22. Hebrew letters; and 22. Patriarches from Adam to Iacob, from whom the Israelites descended.
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This number exceedeth the 〈…〉 the 〈…〉 the 〈…〉.
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sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. On the Duties of the Clergy 1.50
259. The duty of the Levites is no light one, for the Lord says of them: “Behold I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel, instead of every first-born that openeth the matrix among the children of Israel. These shall be their redemption, and the Levites shall be Mine. For I hallowed unto Me all the first-born in the land of Egypt.”
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Early Popes (Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals) The Epistles of Pope Fabian 2.2
… He commanded the Levites also to be under them in their ministries. Whence He speaks to Moses in these terms: “And Eleazar the son of Aaron the priest shall be chief over the chief of the Levites, and have the oversight of them that keep the charge of the sanctuary.”
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san Girolamo † 420 d.C. The Books of Samuel and Kings 1
… And it is certain that Esdras, the scribe and teacher of the law, after the capture of Jerusalem and the restoration of the temple by Zerubbabel, invented other letters which we now use, although up to that time the Samaritan and Hebrew characters were the same. In the
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Early Popes (Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals) The Epistles of Pope Fabian 2.2
… “Take the Levites instead of the first-born among the children of Israel, and the cattle of the Levites instead of their cattle; and the Levites shall be mine: I am the Lord.”
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Origene † 254 d.C. Origen's Commentary on Matthew 13.13
Moreover to the saying, “They that received the half-shekel came to Peter,” you will adduce from Numbers that, for the saints according to the law of God, is paid not a half-shekel simply, but a sacred half-shekel. For it is written, “And thou shalt take five shekels per head, according to the sacred half-shekel.”
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1. HAE SUNT GENERATIONES (id est, hi sunt filii) AARON ET MOYSI. — Est metonymia, qua actus ponitur pro effectu, scilicet generatio pro re producta et genita. Simili modo capitur generatio Proverb. XXX, 12 et 13, Exodi I, 6, Psal. XII, 8. AARON ET MOYSI. — Dices: Hic solius Aaron filii numerantur; ergo male additur to Moysi. Respondeo etiam Mosis filios hic numerari, videlicet inter Levitas: nam Levitae, dicti Amramitae, qui numerantur vers. 27 et 28, erant Moses et Aaron (hi enim sunt filii Amram) cum filiis suis: e quibus Aaron cum posteris suis sacerdotium est adeptus; posteri vero Mosis cum reliquis Levitis Caathitis annumerati sunt. Vide I Paralip. XXIII, 13 et 14, qua de causa et Aaron hic Moysi praeponitur tanquam eo dignior, eo quod esset sacerdos et pontifex, quodque familia ejus a Deo electa et evecta esset ad sacerdotium; familia vero Mosis ad Levitas esset annumerata, eo quod ex Gentili matre, puta Sephora Madianitide, esset prognata, ait Auctor libri De Mirabilibus Sacrae Scripturae, cap. XXV, qui exstat apud S. Augustinum, tom. III. Ubi nota, et vide partim miram Dei electionem, partim quam posteri a parentibus saepe degenerent: Moses enim fuit princeps et legislator, posteri vero fuerunt ignobiles Levitae, cum vice versa posteri Aaronis patri in sacerdotio et pontificatu successerint.
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3. QUORUM REPLETAE ET CONSECRATAE MANUS. — Et Replere hic significat consecrare. Vide Can. 32. Replere enim manus, est consecrare manus ad sacerdotium: consecrare, nam in consecratione manus sacerdotum novellorum implebantur, tum donis et sacrificiis, tum unctione olei; hinc Hebraeis implere manum est consecrare sacerdotem. Quam phrasin imitatur Latinus interpres, III Reg. XIII, 33: «Quicumque, ait, volebat, implebat manum suam (id est, ungebat eam oleo), et fiebat sacerdos.» Simile est II Paral. XIII, 9, et alibi. Vide dicta Exodi VIII, 26.
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6. APPLICA. — Hebr. הקרב hacreb, id est accedere fac, approxima, applica. Est hic electio, et separatio Levitarum, jussu Dei facta, ad ministerium tabernaculi, et obsequium sacerdotum. Hinc patet quam delirum sit figmentum Plutarchi in Symposiis, Levitas fuisse sacerdotes Bacchi, quem coluerint Hebraei, et in ejus honorem porcina abstinuerint, dictosque esse Levitas, non a Levi patriarcha, sed a Lysio, seu magis ab Evio, quae Bacchi sunt nomina.
Tropologice, Levitae signabant statum Ecclesiasticum clericorum legis novae: unde excubabant inter tabernaculum et castra; quia Ecclesiastici ex officio medii sunt inter Deum et populum. Illorum sacra mysteria pulchre significant ipsa eorum nomina vers. 17. Levi enim hebraice idem est quod additus et assumptus, scilicet a Deo ad ministerium tabernaculi. Gerson idem est quod advena. Ecclesiastici enim se gerere debent quasi peregrinos et advenas terrae, utpote cum sint cives sanctorum et domestici Dei. Caath idem est quod dolens et lugens; a קהת cas enim, id est doluit, fit מקהת kehat, id est Caath, per commutationem litterarum affinium, scilicet aleph et he, et caph in coph: nam Ecclesiastici lugere debent peccata populi; unde et pulla, id est lugubri, veste induuntur. Merari idem est quod amaritudo: nam Ecclesiastici mortem aliaque novissima, quae amara sunt, assidue mente versare debent, indeque excitare se ad carnis afflictionem et mortificationem. Lebni idem est quod candor, puta castitas et puritas vitae. Semei idem quod auditio et obedientia. Amram idem est quod populus excelsus, qui dicat: Nostra conversatio in coelis est. Jesaar idem est quod meridies vel meridianus, qui scilicet plene solis justitiae, puta Christi, ejusque gratiae radios excipit; nam, ut dicitur Proverb. IV, 18: «Justorum semita quasi lux splendens procedit, et crescit usque ad perfectam diem.» Hebron idem est quod societas, puta socialis amor et disciplina. Oziel idem est quod fortitudo mea Deus. Moholi idem est quod chorus, puta psallentium. Musi idem est quod tangens, vel auferens, scilicet peccata in Sacramento poenitentiae. Eleazar idem est quod Deus meus adjutor. Ithamar idem est quod ubi palma? quia Ecclesiastici spectant et exspectant bravium in coelis. Ita Rabanus hic, folio 33, et duobus sequentibus, atque ex parte Rupertus.
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7. OBSERVENT QUIDQUID AD CULTUM PERTINET MULTITUDINIS CORAM TABERNACULO, — q. d. Levitae metentur castra circa tabernaculum, ut illud, ejusque vasa, quibus tota populi multitudo Deum colit, custodiant. Hebraice est, ut custodiant custodiam ejus, scilicet Aaronis, et custodiam omnis congregationis, quam scilicet Aaron, et tota populi congregatio custodire debent. Quasi dicat: Levitae pro populo, proque Aarone pontifice servire debent tabernaculo, illudque custodire, uti explicatur in sequentibus. Fecerunt ergo in Dei et tabernaculi cultu Levitae id, quod totus populus facere debuisset; sed quia id ipse per se facere non poterat, hinc loco populi delecti sunt Levitae qui ordinate, honeste, decenter et reverenter id ipsum praestarent. Secundo, aliqui per custodiam congregationis intelligunt custodiam populi. Sacerdotes enim et Levitae sunt custodes et conservatores tam populi, quam tabernaculi, ut scilicet curent populum in conspectu tabernaculi et Dei decenter et reverenter se gerere. Eorum ergo erat excubare, ne quid a populo contra Dei honorem et voluntatem fieret, ne falsis opinionibus implicaretur, ne praestigiis incumberet aut superstitionibus; sed e contrario eum docere quo ritu, cultu, pietate et probitate Deus esset colendus. In sacerdotibus ergo tota populi custodia posita est, eo quod omnia bona et mala populi pendent a religione: quae si recta et pia fuerit, innumera parit bona; sin corrupta et perversa, innumera mala. Hoc est quod ait Dominus, Isaiae cap. LXII, vers. 6: «Super muros tuos, Jerusalem, constitui custodes, tota die et tota nocte in perpetuum non tacebunt;» et Cantic. cap. I, 6: «Posuerunt me custodem in vineis;» et cap. V, vers. 7: «Invenerunt me custodes.»
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9 et 10. DABISQUE DONO LEVITAS AARON ET FILIIS EJUS (q. d. Levitas offeres Aaroni et sacerdotibus, ut eis serviant, idque gratis, et sine pretio; neque enim sacerdotes ad ministeria omnia tabernaculi sufficiunt: unde in subsidium eis Levitae) TRADITI SUNT (hebraice dati dati, vel dedititi: dedititi sunt, id est, absolute Aaroni dati et donati, vel potius donandi sunt; necdum enim reipsa dati erant, sed jamjam donandi erant in perpetuum) A FILIIS ISRAEL, — ut hac donatione Aaroni facta, a Deo primogenitos suos redimerent, ut patet vers. 45. Erant ergo Levitae id quod jam sunt Diaconi apud sacerdotes: unde Levita Laurentius vocatur, eo quod sancto Sixto quasi Diaconus ministrarit.
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10. AARON AUTEM, ET FILIOS EJUS CONSTITUES SUPER CULTUM SACERDOTII, — ut scilicet obeant functiones sacras sacerdotii, quae in veteri lege erant quatuor: nimirum primo, sacrificare; secundo, adolere incensum; tertio, singulis sabbatis apponere in mensa coram Deo panes propositionis; quarto, quotidie vespere accendere lucernas.
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12. EGO TULI, — ego ferre decrevi, et jam reipsa fero et tollam mihi Levitas. PRO OMNI PRIMOGENITO QUI APERIT VULVAM, — qui primo ex matre nascitur. Vide Exodi XIII, 12.
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13. MEUM EST ENIM OMNE PRIMOGENITUM. — «MEUM est,» non tantum creatione, sed proprie redemptione et liberatione, qua primogenitos vestros liberavi ab angelo percutiente primogenitos Aegyptiorum, Exodi cap. XII, 23. Rursum, «meum est» per justam et aequam praecepti hujus mei, qui absolutus omnium sum Dominus, exactionem. SANCTIFICAVI MIHI QUIDQUID PRIMUM NASCITUR IN ISRAEL. — «Sanctificavi,» hoc est mihi sanctificari, id est offerri et consecrari, statui et decrevi.
Nota: Deus hic pro primogenitis Hebraeorum sibi debitis deposcit Levitas, deligitque tribum Levi ad sacerdotium, et cultum sui in tabernaculo, idque primo, ob zelum quo tribus haec ulta est injurias Dei, occidendo idololatras vituli aurei, Exodi cap. XXXII, vers. 26 et 29; atque hoc est quod Levi et Levitis dicitur Deuter. XXXIII, 9: «Qui dixit patri suo et matri suae: Nescio vos; et fratribus suis: Ignoro vos; et nescierunt filios suos: hi custodierunt eloquium tuum, et pactum tuum servaverunt, etc. ponant thymiama in furore tuo et holocaustum super altare tuum.» Secundo, quia tribus Levi caeteris erat minor, ideoque facile ali poterat a populo; quod omnino faciendum erat, cum ipsa omnis haereditatis esset expers: atque alia ex parte sufficiens erat ipsa, ad ministeria tabernaculi obeunda. Hisce ergo de causis jus sacerdotii, quod debebatur ipsi Ruben, utpote primogenito Jacobi, in poenam incestus ab eo commissi, translatum est in Levi; uti jus regni et primatus inter fratres, ab eodem Ruben translatum est in Judam; et jus duplicis haereditatis, quod proprie erat jus primogeniturae, translatum est in Joseph, puta in Ephraim et Manasse Josephi filios, ut patet I Paral. V, vers. 1 et 2.
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15. Numera filios Levi, etc., omnem masculum ab uno mense et supra. — «Ab uno mense,» ut scilicet hac ratione numerus major Levitarum habeatur, qui paene respondeat numero primogenitorum Israel, quibus Levitae a Deo surrogantur; alibi vero Levitae a 25 vel 30 anno numerantur, quia ibi agitur de ministerio eorum in tabernaculo, quod pueri obire non poterant, nec, etiamsi possent, ut fieret par erat aut decens.
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17. ET INVENTI SUNT FILII LEVI PER NOMINA SUA, GERSON, ET CAATH, ET MERARI. — «Inventi sunt,» non in vita, sed in censu hoc et numero; unde hebraice est, et fuerunt isti filii Levi. Nam ipsi jam pridem obierant: ingressi enim erant cum avo Jacobo in Aegyptum, ante 217 annos; nam 215 annis vixerunt Hebraei in Aegypto: hic autem Levitarum census contigit secundo anno egressus Hebraeorum ex Aegypto; nemo autem ea aetate tamdiu vixit, imo Caath tantum vixit 133 annis, ut dicitur Exodi VI, 18.
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23. Hi post tabernaculum metabuntur. — Posteri ergo Gerson, sive Gersonitae post tabernaculum et atrium, ad Occidentem castra figebant, Meraritae ad Aquilonem, Caathitae ad Meridiem, Moses vero et Aaron ad Orientem. Nota: Simul hic agere jubentur Moyses princeps et Aaron pontifex, quia, ut ait Rupertus, «ducum et consulum fascibus atque regum gladiis eget sacerdotalis sanctitas, et nihil tutius cum sibi conveniunt, nil perniciosius cum dissentiunt.» Hinc Constantinus Magnus Imperator dicebat «se esse Episcopum extra Ecclesiam,» quia curabat quantum poterat, ut Ecclesia conservaretur et propagaretur, nec tamen Ecclesiastica munia usurpabat. Et S. Augustinus, tract. 51 in Joan., docet quemque patremfamilias in domo sua debere exercere «Episcopale officium, ut pro Christo, et pro vita aeterna suos omnes admoneat, doceat, hortetur, corripiat,» etc.
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25. ET HABEBUNT EXCUBIAS IN TABERNACULO. — Excubiae hic metonymice sumuntur pro custodia, quae excubando fit. Rursum, custodia metonymice sumitur pro re custodienda. Sensus ergo est: «Habebunt excubias,» id est custodient, vel habebunt custodienda ea quae sequuntur, scilicet «ipsum tabernaculum et operimentum,» etc. Patet hic sensus ex Hebraeo. Unde vers. 32, noster Interpres custodes hos tabernaculi, vocat excubitores custodiae sanctuarii.
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26. IPSUM TABERNACULUM ET OPERIMENTUM EJUS, TENTORIUM QUOD TRAHITUR ANTE FORES TECTI FOEDERIS. — Tabernaculum hic vocatur infimum tabernaculi velum, ex decem cortinis compositum, quod proxime ipsas tabernaculi tabulas velabat et operiebat circumquaque, de quo Exod. XXVI, 1 et 6; operimentum vero tabernaculi hic vocatur velum aliud triplex, velo priori decem cortinarum superpositum, scilicet primum sagum cilicinum, secundum sagum ex pellibus arietum rubricatis, tertium sagum ianthinum, de quibus Exod. XXVI. Omnia ergo vela tabernaculi portabant Gersonitae in profectione castrorum. TENTORIUM (id est velum) QUOD TRAHITUR ANTE FORES TECTI, — id est tabernaculi, quod undique est tectum et velatum; loquitur enim hic Moses de velo, quod erat in ingressu tabernaculi, eratque ejus quasi janua. TENTORIUM QUOQUE QUOD APPENDITUR IN INTROITU ATRII TABERNACULI. — Prius tentorium, id est velum, erat ipsius tabernaculi; hoc vero est atrii, quod erat ante tabernaculum: utrumque custodia Gersonitarum hic committitur.
ET QUIDQUID AD RITUM ALTARIS PERTINET. — «Quidquid,» scilicet velorum; agitur enim hic tantum de velis altare ambientibus, ut patet ex Hebraeo, Chaldeo et Septuaginta. Haec enim inter alias causa fuit atrii et velorum ejus, videlicet ut servirent altari holocaustorum ejusque ritui, id est cultui, utque illud undequaque tegerent. Non ergo distortus in nostra versione est sensus, uti queritur Abulensis; nam noster Interpres, cum ait quidquid, to cortinarum vel velorum ex antecedentibus intelligendum relinquit. Agitur enim de Gersonitis qui nulla vasa altaris (hoc enim Caathitarum erat ministerium), sed tantum vela custodiebant et portabant, ut patet tum ex hoc loco, tum ex cap. seq., vers. 24.
Notandum enim ministeria Levitarum ita a Deo partita fuisse, ut Caathitae custodirent, et in profectione portarent ipsa vasa sacra, ut labrum aeneum, arcam testamenti involutam velo, quod pendebat ante Sanctum sanctorum, altaria duo, scilicet thymiamatis unum, holocaustorum alterum, candelabrum et mensam cum suis utensilibus, ut patet vers. 31. Meraritae autem et Gersonitae custodirent, et in profectione portarent ipsas partes tabernaculi et atrii; sed Meraritae solidas, videlicet tabulas, columnas, bases, paxillos et vectes, ut patet vers. 36; Gersonitae vero operimenta ipsa mollia, videlicet vela et cortinas cum suis funibus, ut patet hoc vers. 26. Ubi adverte Caathitas caeteris Levitis fuisse praelatos, et vasa sacra custodisse et portasse, quia ex Caath per Amram descendebat Aaron et Moses: unde et Caathitis praeerat Eleazar, senior Aaronis filius, ut patet cap. seq., vers. 16.
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28. HABEBUNT EXCUBIAS, — id est habebunt custodiam sanctuarii, quoad vasa quae sequuntur. Patet ex Hebraeo: vide dicta vers. 25.
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31. ET VELUM, — quod oppanditur Sancto sanctorum; huic enim involvenda erat arca, portanda a Caathitis, ut dixi vers. 26. Alia enim vela omnia, non a Caathitis, sed a Gersonitis portabantur, uti ibidem dictum est.
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37. PAXILLI CUM FUNIBUS. — Funes intellige eos quibus distendebantur et firmabantur columnae tabernaculi, uti explicat Josephus: hosce enim custodiebant et portabant Meraritae; nam alios funes, quibus vela paxillis in terra fixis firmabantur, et cortinae expendebantur, custodiebant et portabant Gersonitae, ut patet vers. 26; itaque nulla est hic antilogia: funes enim columnarum ad Meraritas, funes vero velorum et cortinarum ad Gersonitas pertinebant.
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39. OMNES LEVITAE VIGINTI DUO MILLIA. — Universim erant 22300; nam Gersonitae erant 7500, Caathitae 8600, Meraritae 6200, quae conflata faciunt 22300. Dices: Quomodo ergo numerantur hic tantum 22 millia? Respondeo: Id fit ideo, quia haec 22 millia surrogata sunt pro totidem primogenitis Israelitarum, ut patet vers. 41. Reliqui ergo trecenti inter Levitas primogeniti fuerunt, ac proinde inter primogenitos censentur, non inter Levitas in hac redemptione, utpote qui et ipsi, ut primogeniti, redimi deberent, non autem redimerent alios. Numerantur hic etiam Moses et Aaron; nam ait, «omnes Levitae.» Nec enim Aaron erat primogenitus Amram patris sui, quia Maria soror Aaronis eo erat senior, ut colligitur Exod. II, 7. Erat enim ipsa puella grandis, cum Moses nasceretur; tunc autem Aaron tantum erat triennis, tribus enim annis tantum Aaron senior fuit Mose.
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41. TOLLES PECORA EORUM, — q. d. Separabis ab aliorum pecoribus pecora Levitarum, non ut illa immolentur, aut ab aliis auferantur, sed ut mihi cum ipsis Levitis quasi dedicentur sintque mea, sicut ipsi Levitae mei sunt.
Nota: Deinceps in deserto non solverunt Israelitae primogenita sua Deo, sed tantum in terra Chanaan; caeremonialia enim ibi non sunt servata nisi in Sina, de quo plura cap. V, 2. Levitae autem nunquam solverunt primogenita sua, quia ipsi erant ministri, et quasi peculium Dei; unde aliorum primogenita et decimas loco Dei recipiebant. Vide cap. V, initio.
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46. IN PRETIO, — q. d. Ad redemptionem. Jubet enim hic Deus, ut pro primogenitis Israel Deo dentur et consecrentur Levitae, cumque numerus primogenitorum excederet Levitarum numerum, personis 273: Levitae enim erant praecise 22 millia, primogeniti vero Israel erant 22 millia, et insuper 273, hinc jubet Deus ut hi 273 pretio redimantur, scilicet quinque siclis in singula capita persolutis. Porro qui ex primogenitis Israel cum Levitis commutandi essent, qui vero pretio redimendi, sorte data decisum est; unde censet Abulensis ex Rabbi Salomone, Mosen scripsisse tot chartulas, quot erant primogeniti Israel, sed in 273 chartulis scripsisse to quinque siclis; eas deinde commiscuisse, jussisseque ut inde quisque primogenitus unam tolleret, atque illum in quem cadebat chartula, cui inscripti erant quinque sicli, debuisse eosdem Aaroni persolvere, itaque se redimere.
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48. DABISQUE AARON PRETIUM EORUM QUI SUPRA SUNT, — qui superant numerum Levitarum, quique proinde pretio se redimere debent.
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50. PRO PRIMOGENITIS FILIORUM ISRAEL, — qui scilicet excedebant numerum Levitarum, ideoque cum eis non fuerant commutati, sed pretio redempti, q. d. Pecunia primogenitorum 273 se redimentium ascendit ad 1365 siclos.
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ITHAMAR (ebr.: 'Ithamār') - Ultimo figlio di Aronne (Ex. 6, 23); consacrato sacerdote con i fratelli e Aronne (Ex. 28, 1, 4, 29); curò la confezione degli arredi sacri (Ex. 38, 21). Colpiti Nadab e Abiu, per la loro colpa rituale, assunsero tutte le funzioni sacerdotali Eleazar e I. (Lev. 10; Num. 3, 1-4; 26, 60).
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… colpevole negligenza causò la morte sua e del fratello Abiu: usarono per i loro incensieri fuoco profano, invece di prelevarlo da quello sacro che ardeva continuamente (ibid. 6, 12 sg.; 9, 24); un fuoco uscito dall'arca li divorò (ibid. 10, 1-5; Num. 3, 2 sgg.; 26, 60 sg.).
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NATINEI (EBR. NĒTHĀNĪM; SETTANTA NĒTHĀNĪM, RARO NĒTHĀNĪM E NĒTHĀNĪM; VOLG. NATHINAEI)
… Il nome si collega con la radice nāthān « dare » (formazione nominale di senso passivo, qāṛīl), onde oggi si suoi tradurlo « oblati », « offerti » al servizio sacro, come già gli stessi leviti (chiamati nēthānīm « dati », participio passivo, in Num. 3, 9; 8, 16, 19). Non se ne hanno notizie in tempo anteriore all'esilio; si sa invece che esistevano a Babilonia, donde un gruppo tornò con Esdra a Gerusalemme (Estd. 7, 7; 8, 17, 20), …
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Tutti i figli di Israele erano votati al culto divino; sono detti perciò « regno di sacerdoti (mamīšēhēh bōhānîm: Ex. 19, 6). Tra tutti Jahweh « scelse » la tribù di Levi e in questa la famiglia di Aronne (Num. 3, 10), cui assegnò il s. ereditario. …
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Per i p. dell'uomo Jahweh sancì il riscatto (Ex. 13, 13; 34, 20) fissato in 5 sicili d'argento (Num. 3, 47; 18, 15 sg.); la sostituzione dei leviti, al momento della loro costituzione, tenne luogo del riscatto per altrettanti p. israeliti (Num. 3, 11 sgg. 41-51). In tale occasione, il Signore devolvette la somma del riscatto ai sacerdoti, che con i leviti erano esenti da tal legge. …
3:12
LEVITI (EBR. LĒWĪ, PLUR. LĒWĪJĪM; GR. LĒWĪJĪ, PLUR. - AI)
All'olocausto offerto da Mosè nella ratifica del patto sinatico fungevano con lui come rappresentanti del «popolo sacerdotale» dei giovani primogeniti (Ex. 24, 5), forse in aiuto ai sacerdoti, qui non nominati, ma pare già esistenti (Ex. 19, 22-24). A tali funzioni in seguito furono sostituiti (cf. Num. 3, 12-13; onde le prescrizioni relative al «riscatto» di cui in Num. 3, 40-51; cf. vv. 14-39) i membri della tribù levitica (Num. 2-3), che aveva già dato i sacerdoti con la famiglia di …
3:13
… Tale consacrazione era legata alla distruzione dei p. egiziani (ibid. 13, 14 sg.; Num. 3, 13; 8, 17).
… Ancorché fosse per lo più giovane (Iud. 17, 5-18, 20), il sacerdote era onorato del titolo di « padre » (ibid. 17, 10; 18, 19). Mosè « segregò » i figli di Levi, consacrati a Dio in sostituzione dei primogeniti d'Israele che spettavano a Dio (Ex. 22, 29; Num. 3, 13; 8, 18) per farne un corpo speciale di sacerdoti (Ex. 32, 26-29); tra i Leviti (v.) scelse Aronne (v.) e i suoi figli e li consacrò sacerdoti (Ex. 28-29, 39; Lev. 6-10. 21-22). …
3:17
… Qéháth). - Secondo figlio di Levi (Ex. 6, 16; Num. 3, 17; I Par. 5, 27-29 [6, 1-3]), n. in Canaan (Gen. 46, 11) e m. all'età di 133 anni (Ex. 6, 18). Tra i casati dei suoi quattro figli Amram, Isaar, Hebron e Oziel rimase celebre quello …
3:19
1. Figlio di Caath levita (Ex. 6, 18.22; Num. 3, 19).
3:20
MOHOLI. - 1. Primogenito di Merari (v.) e nipote di Levi (Ex. 6, 19; Num. 3, 20; I Par. 6, 4.14 [Volg. 19.29]; 23, 21; 24, 26.28); fu capostipite della grande famiglia levitica dei moholiti (Num. 3, 33 sg.; 26, 58; I Par. 24, 26.28.31; Esd. 8, 18). Il nome è spesso …
3:21
… Questo G. è capostipite della famiglia levitica dei Gersonidi addetta al servizio del Tabernacolo nel periodo desertico (Num. 3, 21 sgg.; 4, 21 sgg.; 7, 7) e che poi partecipa al possesso della città dei Leviti (Ios. 21, 6, 27).
3:24
ELIASAPH (EBR. 'ELJASAPH « DIO ACCRESCE »)
2. Figlio di Lael, capo della famiglia di Gerson (Num. 3, 24). Angelo Penna
3:30
ELISAPHAN. - 1. Levita, figlio di Oziel, capo della famiglia dei Caathiti (Num. 3, 30) al tempo del cessimento del popolo d'Israele attorno al Sinai. …
3:33
I suoi discendenti (I Par. 5, 27; 6, 1-4. 29-34 [Volg. 6, 1. 16-19. 44-48]) costituivano il gruppo meno numeroso dei leviti (ca. 6200); nel deserto erano addetti al trasporto delle parti di legno del Tabernacolo (Num. 3, 33-37; 4, 29-33; 26, 57), per il quale disponevano di 4 carri e 8 buoi (Num. 7, 8).
MOHOLI. - 1. Primogenito di Merari (v.) e nipote di Levi (Ex. 6, 19; Num. 3, 20; I Par. 6, 4.14 [Volg. 19.29]; 23, 21; 24, 26.28); fu capostipite della grande famiglia levitica dei moholiti (Num. 3, 33 sg.; 26, 58; I Par. 24, 26.28.31; Esd. 8, 18). Il nome è spesso usato come patronimico (ebr. …
3:40
LEVITI (EBR. LĒWĪ, PLUR. LĒWĪJĪM; GR. LĒWĪJĪ, PLUR. - AI)
… sacerdotale» dei giovani primogeniti (Ex. 24, 5), forse in aiuto ai sacerdoti, qui non nominati, ma pare già esistenti (Ex. 19, 22-24). A tali funzioni in seguito furono sostituiti (cf. Num. 3, 12-13; onde le prescrizioni relative al «riscatto» di cui in Num. 3, 40-51; cf. vv. 14-39) i membri della tribù levitica (Num. 2-3), che aveva già dato i sacerdoti con la famiglia di Aronne (Ex. 28-29; cf. Lev. 8-9) e a cui apparteneva Mosè stesso.
3:47
Per i p. dell'uomo Jahweh sancì il riscatto (Ex. 13, 13; 34, 20) fissato in 5 sicili d'argento (Num. 3, 47; 18, 15 sg.); la sostituzione dei leviti, al momento della loro costituzione, tenne luogo del riscatto per altrettanti p. israeliti (Num. 3, 11 sgg. 41-51). In tale occasione, il Signore …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.