LUCIDO MARIA PAROCCHI. - Cardinal, born in Mantua on 13 Aug. 1833, died in Rome on 15 Jan. 1903. Ordained priest in 1856, he was professor of moral theology, ecclesiastical history, and canon law at the Seminary of Mantua; in 1863 he became archpriest of the parish of SS. Gervasio and Protasio.
In 1871 he founded the journal *La Scuola cattolica*, to which, from its inception, contributed the Patriarch Paolo Ballerini, Monsignors Federico Sala and Agostino Riboldi, and later Achille Ratti (the future Pius XI), Pietro Maffi, Dalmazio Minoretti, and Giuseppe Toniolo. On 27 Oct. 1871 he was elected by Pius IX Bishop of Pavia and then, in the Consistory of 22 June 1877, created Cardinal with the title of S. Sisto and Archbishop of Bologna. In his new see, which at that time was more inclined toward the avant-garde of the Italian Catholic movement, Parocchi encountered no small difficulty due to the Italian Government’s refusal to grant the *exequatur*. In 1882 Leo XIII called him to Rome and two years later appointed him Vicar General for the city of Rome and its district.
In this office he carried out effective work through his preaching and writings, devoting himself entirely to the development of Catholic Action, enlivening its various associations and founding new ones.
In 1889 he opted for the suburbicarian see of Albano, and in 1896 for that of Porto and Santa Rufina. In 1896 he was appointed Secretary of the Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office; in 1899 he left the vicariate of Rome to take up the office of Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church. He was also President of the cardinalitial commission *de eligendis Italiae episcopis*, and in the Holy Year 1900 served as legate *a latere* of Leo XIII for the closing of the Holy Door of St. Paul’s outside the walls. Among his publications, notable for elegance of style, depth of thought, and polemical vigor, particular mention should be made of: *Protestantesimo e razionalismo* (Mantua 1868), *S. Tommaso d’Aquino scrittore* (Pavia 1874), and *Omelie, panegirici e discorsi* (Prato 1882).