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Atamboe, Apostolic Vicariate of(ATAMBOEA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 173 ATAMBOEA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — In Indonesia. It comprises the western part, under Dutch rule, of the island of Timor, the largest of the Lesser Sunda…
AtargatisVol. II, p. 181 ATARGATIS. — She is the principal goddess of the Aramaeans (Syrians). The name is composed of two elements: the Semitic ’Aytar-Astarte-Istar and ’ata. The…
Atavism(ATAVISMO)Vol. II, p. 181 ATAVISMO. – Reappearance of morphological, physiological, and psychic hereditary traits of more or less distant, often extremely remote, ancestors, which have…
AtellaVol. II, p. 190 ATELLA. — Ancient episcopal see in Campania, between Naples and Capua, whose ruins lie within the territory encompassed by the villages of S. Arpino, Grupo,…
Aterrado, Diocese of(ATERRADO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 200 ATERRADO, DIOCESI di. — In the State of Minas Geraes (Brazil), erected on 8 July 1918 with 16 parishes from the archdiocese of Marianna and 2 from the diocese…
Athalia(ATALIA (ATHALIA))Vol. II, p. 173 ATALIA (Athalia). - Wicked queen of Judah, daughter of Achab, king of Samaria, and of Jezabel (v.) of Tyre. She was the wife of Joram, king of Judah. She…
Athanaric(ATANARICO)Vol. II, p. 173 ATANARICO. — Visigothic military leader, son of Rotesteo, “judge,” that is, chief of the Tervingi settled on the Danube, antagonist of Fritigero. At war with…
Athanasius I, Gammāl(ATANASIO I, GAMMĀL)Vol. II, p. 180 ATANASIO I, GAMMĀL. - Born at Samosata, died in 630-31. He was a monk at Qinnešrin. When he was elected patriarch in 594-95, he served as a camel-driver out of…
Athanasius III (II), Melkite Patriarch of Alexandria(ATANASIO III (II), PATRIARCA MELKITA DI ALESSANDRIA)Vol. II, p. 179 ATANASIO III (II), Melkite patriarch of ALEXANDRIA. – Died in Crete or Sinai between 1316 and 1320. A monk at Sinai, he became dissident patriarch of…
Athanasius of Naples, Saint(ATANASIO DI NAPOLI, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 180 ATANASIO di NAPOLI, saint. — Bishop of Naples from 22 December 849 to 15 July 872; son of the celebrated Neapolitan duke Sergio and his wife Drosa, he was…
Athanasius of Paros(ATANASIO DI PARO)Vol. II, p. 180 ATANASIO di PARO. — Greek dissident theologian and polemicist, born on the island of Paro around 1725, died on the island of Chio on 24 June 1813. Having…
Athanasius, African Bishop(ATANASIO, VESCOVO AFRICANO)Vol. II, p. 179 ATHANASIUS, African bishop. — Mentioned by Sozomen (Hist. eccl., IV, 15) in connection with the fourth Council of Sirmium (358). He was at the court of the…
Athanasius, Bishop of Anazarbo(ATANASIO VESCOVO DI ANAZARBO)Vol. II, p. 179 ATANASIO bishop of ANAZARBO. – A disciple of Luciano of Antioch mentioned by Arius, in his letters to Eusebius of Nicomedia, among the bishops who accepted his…
Athanasius, Bishop of Ancyra(ATANASIO VESCOVO DI ANCIRA)Vol. II, p. 180 ATHANASIUS bishop of ANCYRA. - He was consecrated by Acacius of Caesarea in Palestine, leader of the Homoeans, as successor to Basil of Ancyra, leader of the…
Athanasius, Enrico(ATTANASIO, ENRICO)Vol. II, p. 208 ATTANASIO, ENRICO. — Priest, orator, and writer, born in Naples in 1831, died there in 1903. A fellow student and kindred spirit of Fr. Capecelatro, and a…
Athanasius, Saint(ATANASIO, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 173 ATHANASIUS, saint. — Bishop of Alexandria, Father and Doctor of the Church. 1. LIFE. — Extremely agitated, it is almost wholly interwoven and confused with the…
Athanasius, Varuchas(ATANASIO, VARUCHAS)Vol. II, p. 180 ATANASIO, VARUCHAS. - Cretan hieromonk, d. 1708, author and translator of many ascetic books. Worth noting are: 1) the translation into modern Greek of the…
Atharva VedaVol. II, p. 200 ATHARVA VEDA: V. VEDA.
Atheism(ATEISMO)Vol. II, p. 181 ATHEISM. A theory that denies the existence of a personal God. OUTLINE: I. Notion, division, and possibility. – II. History and philosophical systems. – III.…
Athena (Ἀθήνη)(ATENA ('ΑΘΉΝΗ))Vol. II, p. 190 ATENA ('Αθήνη). — Goddess of Greece. The name, probably pre-Hellenic, should perhaps be related to that of the Greek city that venerated her most, Athens:…
Athenagoras(ATENAGORA)Vol. II, p. 191 ATENAGORA. – Athenian and philosopher, one of the earliest Christian apologists. I. LIFE. — The works are virtually the sole source for the life of A. Among…
Athens (Ἀθ/νχ)(ATENE ('ΑΘ/ΝΧΙ))Vol. II, p. 192 ATENE ('Αθ/νχι). – Capital of Attica and of the present-day Kingdom of Greece. SUMMARY: I. A. in antiquity. – II. A. in the Bible. – III. Christianity in A. –…
Athleta Christi NobilisVol. II, p. 200 « ATHLETA CHRISTI NOBILIS ». — Matins hymn for the feast of s. Venanzio the martyr, by an unknown author. It was inserted into the breviary in 1670 by Clement…
Athos, Mount(ATHOS, MONTE)Vol. II, p. 200 ATHOS, MONTE. – It is the easternmost of the three peninsulas extending southward from the Chalcidic Peninsula. It is almost 50 km long and on average 5 to 7…
Atienza, Juan deVol. II, p. 204 ATIENZA, JUAN de. — Jesuit missionary. Born at Tordehumos (Valladolid) in 1542, died at Lima on 1 November 1592. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1564 and…
Atmosphere(ATMOSFERA)Vol. II, p. 204 ATMOSFERA: v. METEREOLOGIA.
Atom(ATOMO)Vol. II, p. 207 ATOMO (SISTEMA PERIODICO ISOTOPI): v. MATERIA.
Atomic Nucleus(NUCLEO ATOMICO)Vol. VIII, p. 1162 ATOMIC NUCLEUS. — The study undertaken to discover the intimate constitution of chemical atoms led to the conclusion that every atom in fact consists of a…
Atomism(ATOMISMO)Vol. II, p. 204 ATOMISM. – Philosophical and scientific theory that resolves reality into an aggregate of indivisible prime elements, called atoms (from the Greek ἄνωσις,…
AtonVol. II, p. 207 ATON. — From itu, “the disk,” it was the proper name of the disk of the sun, which Amenhotep IV (v. AMENOPHIS IV) adopted as the sole deity of Egypt, thereby…
Atonement(ESPIAZIONE)Vol. V, p. 378 EXPIATION. - The act by which the offense and wrong done to the divinity by sin are repaired (either by the sinner himself or by another in his stead). Like…
Atonement, Society of the(ATONEMENT, SOCIETÀ DELL')Vol. II, p. 207 ATONEMENT, SOCIETY OF: v. REPARATION.
AtripaldaVol. II, p. 207 ATRIPALDA: v. AVELLINO. (da P. Crostaroue, Le basiliche cristiane, Roma 1192) ATRIO - Reconstruction of the atrium of the ancient basilica of St Peter.
Atrium (Atrion, Aidrion)(ATRIO (A-TRIUM, ΑἸΔΡΊΟΝ))Vol. II, p. 207 ATRIO (a-trium, αἰδρίον). — In the Christian architecture of the early centuries, it consisted of an open space directly in front of the church façade and…
Attalids(ATTALIDI)Vol. II, p. 207 ATTALIDS. - Dynasty of the kings of Pergamum in the Hellenistic period (282-133 B.C.). Its founder was PHILETAERUS (282-262), who was succeeded by EUMENES I…
Attalo of Petovio (Pettau)(ATTALO DI PETOVIO (PETTAU))Vol. II, p. 207 ATTALO di PETOVIO (Pettau). — In the 4th century, he was a disciple of the Arian Giuliano Valente, intruded bishop of that city. After accepting the Nicene…
Attalus of Pergamum, Saint, Martyr(ATTALO DI PERGAMO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. II, p. 207 ATTALUS of PERGAMUM, saint, martyr: v. LIONE, SANTI, MARTIRI di.
Attavanti, Attavante degliVol. II, p. 208 ATTAVANTI, ATTAVANTE degli. - Illuminator, born perhaps in 1452 at Castelfiorentino, died no later than 1517. A large number of works by him exist, nearly all…
Attempted Crime(TENTATIVO DI DELITTO)Vol. XI, p. 1153 ATTEMPTED CRIME. — The notion of the t. (conatus) was delineated by the Italian jurists of the Middle Ages, who accurately identified its essence in cogitare,…
Attention(ATTENZIONE)Vol. II, p. 208 ATTENZIONE. - I. PHILOSOPHY. - From the Latin ad and tendere, it is the convergence or direction of consciousness (v.) toward some object of the world, whether…
Atticus, Patriarch of Constantinople(ATTICO, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. II, p. 209 ATTICO, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE. — Born at Sebaste, in Armenia, and having gone to Constantinople, he was among the most ardent opponents of s. Giovanni…
AttilaVol. II, p. 221 ATTILA. - He was the leader of the Huns around the middle of the 5th century, at first together with his brother Bleda, then, after the latter had been killed,…
Attilanus, Saint(ATTILANO, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 222 ATTILANO, saint. – Bishop of Zamora. When, at the end of the 9th century, Alfonso III, king of Asturias (d. 910), reconquered the cities of León and Zamora…
Attimis, Tristano deVol. II, p. 222 ATTIMIS, TRISTANO de. - Jesuit missionary and martyr; b. on 28 July 1707 at Attimis, in Friuli, of a noble family; in 1725 he entered the Society of Jesus at…
Attiret, Jean-DenisVol. II, p. 222 ATTIRET, JEAN-DENIS. — Jesuit painter and missionary, born at Dôle on 31 July 1702, died at Beijing on 8 December 1768. Trained in the art of painting within…
Attribute(ATTRIBUTO)Vol. II, p. 238 ATTRIBUTE. - In grammar, it is an accidental element of the proposition and may be a pronoun, numeral, participle, and, more often, an adjective. In logic, it…
Attrition (From Latin Attero = To Abase, Crush)(ATTRIZIONE (DAL LAT. ATTERO = ABBATTO, SCHIACCIO))Vol. II, p. 238 ATTRITION (from Lat. attero = I strike down, crush). — It is the act by which man detests sin for a supernatural motive inferior to pure love. There is, in…
Atum(ATŪM)Vol. II, p. 243 ATŪM. – In ancient Egyptian: jtm. v. vocalized ’atōm, as yet without etymology, he was the primitive god of Heliopolis: the “Heliopolitan.” His temple was…
