The Ammonites shamefully abuse the ambassadors of David: they hire the Syrians to the their assistance: but are overthrown with their allies.
Hanon king of Ammon for euil entreating Dauids men, sent vnto him of curtesie, 7. is iustly plagued, with his confederates. 15. Also the second time they are ouerthrowen by Dauid.
1And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanon his son reigned in his stead.Avvenne dipoi, che morì il re de' figliuoli di Ammon, e successe a lui Hanon suo figliuolo.AND it came to passe after these thinges, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanon his sonne reigned for him.Factum est autem post hæc ut moreretur rex filiorum Ammon, et regnavit Hanon filius ejus pro eo. 2And David said: I will shew kindness to Hanon the son of Daas, as his father shewed kindness to me. So David sent his servants to comfort him for the death of his father. But when the servants of David were come into the land of the children of Ammon,E David disse: Io avrò riguardo per Hanon figliuolo di Naas, come il padre suo lo ebbe per me. Davidde adunque mandò suoi ambasciatori per consolarlo della perdita del genitore. Ma arrivati che furono gli ambasciatori di David sulle terre de' figliuoli di Ammon,And Dauid said: I wil doe mercie with Hanon the sonne of Naas, as his father hath done mercie with me. Dauid therefore sent, conforting him by his seruants vpon his fathers death. But when the seruantes of Dauid were come into the land of the children of Ammon,Dixitque David: Faciam misericordiam cum Hanon filio Naas, sicut fecit pater ejus mecum misericordiam. Misit ergo David, consolans eum per servos suos super patris interitu. Cum autem venissent servi David in terram filiorum Ammon, 3The princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanon their lord: Thinkest thou that for the honour of thy father, David hath sent comforters to thee, and hath not David rather sent his servants to thee to search, and spy into the city, and overthrow it?Dissero i principi degli Ammoniti ad Hanon loro signore: Credi tu, che Davidde abbia mandato costoro a consolarti per far onore al padre tuo, e non piuttosto che abbia egli mandati a te i suoi servi a prender lume, ed esplorare lo stato della città per rovinarla?the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanon their lord: Thinkest thou that for the honour of thy father Dauid hath sent comforters vnto thee, and not rather that he might search, and spy into the citie, and ouerthrow it, hath Dauid sent his seruants vnto thee?dixerunt principes filiorum Ammon ad Hanon dominum suum: Putas quod propter honorem patris tui miserit David ad te consolatores, et non ideo ut investigaret, et exploraret civitatem, et everteret eam, misit David servos suos ad te ? 4Wherefore Hanon took the servants of David, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut away half of their garments even to the buttocks, and sent them away.Hanon pertanto fece prendere i servi di David, e fe' loro radere la metà della barba, e fece tagliare la metà delle loro vesti fino alle natiche, e li rimandò.Hanon therefore tooke the seruants of Dauid, and shaued the one half of their breard, and curte away halfe their garments vnto the burtockes, and sent them away.Tulit itaque Hanon servos David, rasitque dimidiam partem barbæ eorum et præscidit vestes eorum medias usque ad nates, et dimisit eos.
5When this was told David, he sent to meet them: for the men were sadly put to confusion, and David commanded them, saying: Stay at Jericho, till your beards be grown, and then return.La qual cosa essendo stata riferita a Davidde, spedì gente incontro ad essi: perocché erano malamente confusi, e fece dir loro: Fermatevi in Gerico, sino che vi cresca la barba, e poi tornate.Which when it was told Dauid, he sent to meete them: for the men were counfounded very fowly, and Dauid commanded them: Tary in Iericho, til your beard be growen, and then returne.Quod cum nuntiatum esset David, misit in occursum eorum: erant enim viri confusi turpiter valde, et mandavit eis David: Manete in Jericho donec crescat barba vestra, et tunc revertimini. 6And the children of Ammon seeing that they had done an injury to David, sent and hired the Syrians of Rohob, and the Syrians of Soba, twenty thousand footmen, and of the king of Maacha a thousand men, and of Istob twelve thousand men.Ma gli Ammoniti riflettendo all'ingiuria fatta a Davidde mandarono ad assoldare i Siri di Rohob, e i Siri di Soba, venti mila pedoni, e mille uomini dal re di Maacha, e dodici mila uomini da Istob.And the children of Ammon seing that they had done iniurie to Dauid, sent, and hyred for wages the Syrian of Rohob, and the Syrian of Soba, twentie thousand footemen, and of the king Maacha a thousand men, and of Istob twelue thousand men.Videntes autem filii Ammon quod injuriam fecissent David, miserunt, et conduxerunt mercede Syrum Rohob, et Syrum Soba, viginti millia peditum, et a rege Maacha mille viros, et ab Istob duodecim millia virorum. 7And when David heard this, he sent Joab and the whole army of warriors.Delle quali cose essendo stato informato Davidde mandò Gioab con tutto l'esercito de' suoi combattenti.Which when Dauid had heard, he sent Ioab and the whole armie of warryers.Quod cum audisset David, misit Joab et omnem exercitum bellatorum. 8And the children of Ammon came out, and set their men in array at the entering in of the gate: but the Syrians of Soba, and of Rohob, and of Istob, and of Maacha were by themselves in the field.Si mossero adunque i figliuoli di Ammon, e ordinarono le loro schiere al primo ingresso della porta; ma i Siri di Soba, e di Rohob, e di Istob, e di Maacha erano a parte nella campagna.The children therefore of Ammon issued forth, and sette their men in aray before the verie entrance of the gate: but the Syrian of Soba, and Rohab, and Istob, and Maacha were by them selues in the fielde.Egressi sunt ergo filii Ammon, et direxerunt aciem ante ipsum introitum portæ: Syrus autem Soba, et Rohob, et Istob, et Maacha, seorsum erant in campo.
9Then Joab seeing that the battle was prepared against him, both before and behind, chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:Gioab adunque veggendo, come quegli eran preparati ad attaccarlo alla fronte, e alle spalle, fece scelta di tutti i più bravi d'Israele, e li mise in ordinanza in faccia a' Siri:Ioab therefore seing, that there was battel prepared against him, both before him and behind him, he piked out of al the chosen of Israel, and directed his armie agaynst the Syrian:Videns igitur Joab quod præparatum esset adversum se prælium et ex adverso et post tergum, elegit ex omnibus electis Israël, et instruxit aciem contra Syrum: 10And the rest of the people he delivered to Abisai his brother, who set them in array against the children of Ammon.E il rimanente del popolo lo diede ad Abisai suo fratello, il quale si volse colle sue schiere contro gli Ammoniti.and the rest of the people he deliuered to Abisai his brother, who directed his armie against the children of Ammon.reliquam autem partem populi tradidit Abisai fratri suo, qui direxit aciem adversus filios Ammon. 11And Joab said: If the Syrians are too strong for me, then thou shalt help me, but if the children of Ammon are too strong for thee, then I will help thee.E dissegli Gioab: Se i Siri avran vantaggio sopra di me, tu mi darai soccorso: e se i figliuoli di Ammon avran vantaggio sopra di te, io ti soccorrerò.And Ioab sayd: If the Syrian shal preuayle against me, thou shalt ayde me: and if the children of Ammon shal preuayle agaynst thee, I wil ayde thee.Et ait Joab: Si prævaluerint adversum me Syri, eris mihi in adjutorium: si autem filii Ammon prævaluerint adversum te, auxiliabor tibi. 12Be of good courage, and let us fight for our people, and for the city of our God: and the Lord will do what is good in his sight.Portati da uomo valoroso, e combattiamo pel nostro popolo, e pella città del nostro Dio: il Signore poi farà quello che a lui piacerà.Play the man, and let vs fight for our people, and the citie of our God: and our Lord wil doe that which is good in his sight.Esto vir fortis, et pugnemus pro populo nostro et civitate Dei nostri: Dominus autem faciet quod bonum est in conspectu suo. 13And Joab and the people that were with him, began to fight against the Syrians: and they immediately fled before him.Cominciò adunque Gioab, e la gente che era con lui, la battaglia contro i Siri: i quali subito voltarono a lui le spalle.Ioab therefore and the people that were with him, began to fight against the Syrians: Who immediatly fled from his face.Iniit itaque Joab, et populus qui erat cum eo, certamen contra Syros: qui statim fugerunt a facie ejus.
14And the children of Ammon seeing that the Syrians were fled, they fled also before Abisai, and entered into the city: and Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.E i figliuoli di Ammon veggendo, come i Siri si eran dati alla fuga, fuggirono anch'essi dalla faccia di Abisai: e si ritirarono nella città. E Gioab se ne tornò dal paese degli Ammoniti, e venne a Gerusalemme.And the children of Ammon seing that the Syrians were fled, they also fled from the face of Abisai, and entred into the citie: and Ioab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Ierusalem.Filii autem Ammon videntes quia fugissent Syri, fugerunt et ipsi a facie Abisai, et ingressi sunt civitatem: reversusque est Joab a filiis Ammon, et venit Jerusalem. 15Then the Syrians seeing that they had fallen before Israel, gathered themselves together.Ma i Siri considerando, come si erano sbigottiti in faccia ad Israele, si riunirono tutti insieme.Therefore the Syrians seing that they were fallen before Israel, they gathered themselues together.Videntes igitur Syri quoniam corruissent coram Israël, congregati sunt pariter. 16And Adarezer sent and fetched the Syrians, that were beyond the river, and brought over their army: and Sobach, the captain of the host of Adarezer, was their general.E Adarezer fece venire i Siri, che abitano di là dal fiume e condusse seco il loro esercito: e Sobach capitano delle milizie di Adarezer comandava ad essi.And Adar-ezer sent, and fetched out the Syrians, that were beyond the riuer, and brought their armie: and Sobach the maister of Adar-ezers warre, was their chief captaine.Misitque Adarezer, et eduxit Syros qui erant trans fluvium, et adduxit eorum exercitum: Sobach autem, magister militiæ Adarezer, erat princeps eorum. 17And when this was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and passed over the Jordan, and came to Helam: and the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought against him.La qual cosa riferita che fu a Davidde, raunò tutto Israele, e passò il Giordano e andò ad Helam. E i Siri ordinarono le loro schiera in faccia a Davidde, e vennero alle mani con esso:Which when it was told Dauid, he gathered together al Israel, and passed ouer Iordan, and came into Helam: & the Syrians put them selues in aray against Dauid, & fought against him.Quod cum nuntiatum esset David, contraxit omnem Israëlem, et transivit Jordanem, venitque in Helam: et direxerunt aciem Syri ex adverso David, et pugnaverunt contra eum. 18And the Syrians fled before Israel, and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen: and smote Sobach the captain of the army, who presently died.Ma i Siri furon messi in fuga da Israele, e David distrusse a' Siri settecento cocchi, e quaranta mila soldati a cavallo; e ferì Sobach capo delle milizie, il quale subitamente morì.And the Syrians fled from the face of Israel, and Dauid slewe of the Syrians seuen hundred chariotes, and fourtie thousand horsemen: and Sobach the prince of the warre he stroke: who forth with died.Fugeruntque Syri a facie Israël, et occidit David de Syris septingentos currus, et quadraginta millia equitum: et Sobach principem militiæ percussit, qui statim mortuus est.
19And all the kings that were auxiliaries of Adarezer, seeing themselves overcome by Israel, were afraid and fled away, eight and fifty thousand men before Israel. And they made peace with Israel: and served them, and all the Syrians were afraid to help the children of Ammon any more.Or tutti i regi che eran venuti in ajuto di Adarezer, vedendosi superati da Israele, si sbigottirono, e voltarono le spalle a Israele in numero di cinquant'otto mila uomini. E fecer pace con Israele, e furon soggetti a lui, e non si arrischiarono più i Siri a dar soccorso a' figliuoli di Ammon.And al the kinges, that were to ayde Adarezer, seing them selues ouercome of Israel, were afrayd and fled eight & fiftie thousand before Israel. And they made peace with Israel: and serued them, and the Syrians were afrayd any more to ayde the children of Ammon.Videntes autem universi reges qui erant in præsidio Adarezer, se victos esse ab Israël, expaverunt, et fugerunt quinquaginta et octo millia coram Israël. Et fecerunt pacem cum Israël, et servierunt eis: timueruntque Syri auxilium præbere ultra filiis Ammon.
10:1
Year of the World 2967, Year before Christ 1037.
10:2
Menochius
Naas, whom Saul had defeated, and who on that account is supposed to have received his rival more willingly, (Calmet) when he had retreated into the country of Moab, 1 Kings 22:3. After receiving many presents from Naas, he retired to Odollam. (St. Jerome, Tradit.) (Menochius)
Menochius
Though the Israelites were not to seek the friendship of these nations, (Deuteronomy 23:6,) they were not forbidden to make a return of gratitude. (Menochius)
10:3
Haydock
It. Thus, by their insinuations, they pervert the good dispositions of their prince, and by too much policy bring ruin on the nation. (Haydock)
Menochius
History affords many examples of similar effects of worldly wisdom. (Menochius)
10:4
Du Hamel
Away, having forced them as it were to go into mourning for the deceased king. These nations adopted the same customs as the Hebrews: they cut their hair, and rent their garments, to express their deep affliction, Isaias 15:2. The Arabs would deem it a great insult, and a piece of irreligion, to shave their beard. (Darvieux vii. p. 175.) Plutarch (Agesil) observes, that the Lacedemonians obliged those who acted in a cowardly manner in war, to wear only one whisker: and Herodotus (II. 121,) takes notice of a person who, in contempt, cut off the beard on the right cheeks of some soldiers, who were placed to guard the body of his brother, who had been gibbeted, having first made them drunk, that he might take away the body. The garments (Aquila says, "the tunic," Septuagint, "the cloak, or mandua," which is a military garment used in Persia) were cut (Calmet) for the same purpose, like our spencers, (Haydock) that the ambassadors might be exposed to derision, as breeches were not usually worn, (Calmet) except by priests officiating. (Du Hamel)
Menochius
This was in contempt of circumcision. (Menochius)
Haydock
Yet we cannot suppose, but that the ambassadors would procure something to cover themselves before they arrived at Jericho, where they remained till their beard and the hair of their head (1 Paralipomenon xix.) were grown. The city was not rebuilt, but there were some houses in the territory of that devoted place, Josue 6:26. (Haydock)
10:6
Rohob, the capital, between Libanus and Antilibanus.
Soba was subject to Adarezer, 2 Kings 8:3.
Maacha, at the foot of Hermon.
Salien
Istob (Hebrew ish tob) signifies, the man, or prince, or "the master of Tob," (Calmet) where Jephte lived, Judges 11:5. (Du Hamel) (Salien)
Haydock
Josephus thinks that Istob is the name of a fourth king, who, together with the king of Micha, brought 22,000 into the field. The first he styles king "of the Mesopotamians," (1 Paralipomenon 19:6.) which Salien explains of the country between Abana and Pharphar, the two great rivers of Syria, (4 Kings 5:12,) though, on this occasion, he allows that Adarezer hired forces from the utmost parts beyond the Euphrates. (Haydock)
10:7
Cicero
Warriors. The outrage offered to the ambassadors was a sufficient reason. The king of Ammon might have refused to receive them; but he could not, with any propriety, treat them with scorn. "The right of ambassadors has both a divine and human sanction." (Cicero, contra Verrem 3.)
Grotius
The Romans have frequently waged war to revenge such wrongs. (Grotius, Jur. 2:18.)
10:8
Haydock
Ammon. David was disposed to have lived in peace with this nation: but they voluntarily provoked his arms, after he had made such havoc upon all the neighbouring idolaters, and thus draw down the scourge of Providence; who suffers those to be blinded whom he has resolved to punish. The preparations for this war seem to have been greater than usual, and it continued for a longer period, and in the end proved destructive to all. (Haydock)
Gate of Medaba. (Paralipomenon) Besides the 33,000 auxiliaries (ver. 6) and the natives, 32,000 chariots of war were hired from beyond the Euphrates, 1 Paralipomenon 19:7.
10:12
10:15
Menochius
Together, expecting that David would punish them farther. (Menochius)
10:16
Year of the World 2968, Year before Christ 1036.
10:17
Helam. Ptolemy mentions Alamata, on the Euphrates. But perhaps we ought to read the Hebrew Lehem, "he came upon them." See 1 Paralipomenon 19:17. Some translate, "he came to their army."
10:18
Du Hamel
Hundred. Paralipomenon, thousand, allowing ten men for each chariot. (Du Hamel; Menochius)
Haydock
The men is omitted in both texts. See 2 Kings 8:4. (Haydock)
Calmet
Horsemen. Paralipomenon reads, footmen, supplying what is here omitted, (Salien) so that 87,000 Syrians perished, unless there be a mistake of the transcribers. (Calmet)
Menochius
Smote, though not perhaps with his own hand, as he slew so many thousands by means of his army. (Menochius)
10:19
Haydock
Before Israel. Hebrew and Septuagint only read, "And when all the kings, servants of Adarezer, saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them," etc. (Haydock)
Calmet
The addition is not found in the ancient version of St. Jerome. These tributary kings lived in Syria, and some perhaps beyond the Euphrates. See Psalm lix. (Calmet)
Menochius
The army had consisted of 145,000 men. After the loss of 87,000, the servants of Adarezer went over to David, and served him, Paralipomenon. (Menochius)
10:2
This Naas king of Ammon curtously intertained Dauids freindes which escaped from the king of Moab, killing most of them that were cō mended to him, because Dauid had leift his countrie, and was returned into Iuda. 1. Reg. 22. Histor. Eccles.
10:2
2. AS THY FATHER DID UNTO ME MERCY, when he kindly received me fleeing from Saul, and protected me. This deed is not narrated in Scripture, but St. Jerome recounts it from tradition, in his Treatise on Traditions (whom Angelomus, Abulensis, the Gloss, Lyra, Sanchez and others follow). "When David fled from the face of Achis king of Geth, he came to Naas king of Ammon, who showed him mercy, bestowing many good things upon him. From Naas therefore he came to the cave of Odollam, where his father and mother came to him, and all his house. Thence he came to Moab, and left with him his father and mother, and all his house."
10:4
4. AND SHAVED OFF HALF OF THEIR BEARDS. I Paralipomenon cap. XIX, 4, it is added: "He shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks." This ignominy was therefore threefold, which Hanon inflicted upon David's ambassadors sent to him for consolation, contrary to the law of nations. The first was the shaving of the head; the second, the shaving not of the whole beard, but of half of it for mockery. The third, the cutting off of long garments reaching to the feet (after the manner of Orientals) down to the buttocks, and therefore the exposure of the buttocks. For the Hebrew laity did not wear breeches, except the priests. Allegorically, Hanon represents the Jews, who in the passion plucked the cheeks of Christ, Isaiah L, 6. Tropologically, Hanon is the devil, who is accustomed to strip the beard from those wishing to do good, that is, to take away strength; for the beard is the symbol of manliness and strength. Hear Eucherius: "As Hanon, so also the devil, the prince of this world, is accustomed to disfigure many religious and preachers through hidden vices. Who, when he exposes their hidden evils into open and shameful perpetrated debauchery, leaves them naked of the dignity of chastity, as if their garments were cut off down to the buttocks."
10:9
9 AND 10. AND HE SET IN ARRAY AGAINST THE SYRIAN: AND THE REST OF THE PEOPLE HE DELIVERED TO ABISAI HIS BROTHER, WHO SET IN ARRAY AGAINST THE CHILDREN OF AMMON. Joab shows in this division of the army remarkable military skill. For commanders of war, when they see themselves surrounded from front and rear, divide their forces, and oppose one part to the enemies in front, and another to those pressing from behind. For the same soldiers cannot fight from front and rear; if indeed they slay the enemies in front, they will be slain by the enemies pressing from behind. Again, in that he selected the strongest soldiers, with whom he attacked and immediately routed the Syrians; for with them prostrated, the other army of Ammonites fled, whom Abisai, brother of Joab, was pressing. The same did Judas Maccabaeus, and indeed the Gentiles, such as Scipio, Hannibal, Alexander, etc.; and above all others Claudius Nero, Roman consul, who opposed Hannibal, when he heard that Hasdrubal was coming with a new army of 56 thousand to join his forces with those of his brother Hannibal, secretly and swiftly departed without Hannibal's knowledge with a select band of his men, and joined himself with the camp of Livius Salinator, the colleague of the Consul, and thus unexpectedly attacking Hasdrubal, he fell with 56 thousand, and returning victorious he cast the head of the slain before the camp of his brother Hannibal, and thus astounded and struck him down, so that he said the fortune of Carthage was finished, and he withdrew himself to the furthest corner of Italy to the Bruttii, as Livy narrates, decade 3, at the end of book VII.
10:18
18. AND DAVID SLEW OF THE SYRIANS SEVEN HUNDRED CHARIOTS, AND FORTY THOUSAND HORSEMEN. You will say: In 1 Paralipomenon cap. XIX, 18, a greater number is reckoned, for thus it has: "And David slew of the Syrians seven thousand chariots and forty thousand footmen." I answer, the book of Paralipomenon, as is evident from its name, supplies those things which were omitted in the books of Kings, and those things which were also said there more obscurely, it explains more clearly. Therefore, when it is said here that 700 chariots were slain, understand soldiers fighting from chariots: for soldiers are slain, not chariots; whence the book of Paralipomenon confirms this, saying: "He slew seven thousand chariots," that is, seven thousand soldiers fighting from chariots. There were therefore seven hundred chariots, but there were seven thousand soldiers; for each chariot contained ten soldiers. Moreover, besides the forty "thousand horsemen," which the book of Kings has, the book of Paralipomenon adds forty "thousand footmen," so that in all both footmen and horsemen slain were 80 thousand, besides seven thousand fighting from chariots. Thus Abulensis, Sanchez, Serarius and others. Finally, Josephus asserts that this Ammonite war was finished at the beginning of winter. Allegorically, Eucherius (or more truly Bede) transcribed by Angelomus, who also adds: "But Christ avenges the injury of His own, when not only does He confound His adversaries now through the victory of His saints, but also at the last judgment through just sentence, He will deliver them to be tormented in perpetual fires."
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
10:2
… and carried out various raids in Judah and Ephraim, they invaded Gilead but were routed by Jephthah (Judg. 3:13; 10:7-11:36). Later their king Nāhāsh (Vulgate: Naas) was defeated by Saul (1 Sam. 11). David, who had been treated kindly by King Nāhāsh (2 Sam. 10:2), sent a friendly embassy to his son and successor Ḥānūn (Vulg.: Hanon); but the latter, by his outrages, provoked a long and bitter war that ended with the capture of Rabbath-Ammon …
Naas (Hebrew: Nāḥāš «Serpent»)
… Saul hastened up and defeated the Ammonites (I Sam. 11:1-11; 12:12). N.'s relations with David were on the other hand cordial (II Sam. 10:2; I Chron. 19:1).
10:5
Jericho (Hebrew Yērīkō, Arabic Eriha)
… repopulated under the name of "city of palms" (Josh. 18, 21; Judg. 3, 19; II Chron. 28, 25). Eglon king of Moab made it his residence for 18 years (Judg. 3, 13); David's envoys stayed there until the affront done to them by the Ammonites had disappeared (II Sam. 10, 5). Around 800 B.C. a certain Hiel of Bethel rebuilt the walls of the ancient city, bringing down upon his two sons the curse foretold by Joshua (I Kings 16, 34). In the Israelite …
10:6
… In the second, in which A. seems not to have taken part personally (II Sam. 10:6-19; I Chr. 19:6-19), he was conquered together with the Ammonites and their Aramean allies of Rehob, Tob and Maacah; but the Aramean troops, commanded by his general Shobach, hastily …
… In the time of David the King of M. formed an alliance with other Aramean kings against Israel, but was defeated by Joab near Medaba in the tribe of Reuben (II Sam. 10:6, 8; I Chron. 19:6 ff.).
Soba (Heb. Ṣābhāh, Ṣābhā', LXX Σοφά,-᾿Αλ)
They had to defend themselves against the Kingdom of S., mostly because it was engaged in small anti-Israelite coalitions: Saul (I Sam. 14:47), David (II Sam. 8:3; 10:6 ff.) and Solomon, who subdued it (II Chron. 8:3; cf. I Kings 11:23-25). After the age of Solomon it is no longer mentioned: it was probably absorbed by Damascus and followed its fortunes …
10:8
II. SYRIA IN THE BIBLE. - Both in Greek and in Latin, the name was sometimes used to translate Aram (v.), in general and with the determinations "of Damascus, of Zobah," etc.: Σορία Δαμασκού: II Sam. 8, 5; Σ. Σουβά: II Sam. 10, 8; Σ. Μοογά: I Par. 19, 6, etc.; Syria: Os. 12, 12 (Hebr. 13); Mesopotamia Syriae: Deut. 23, 5 (Aram Nahārajim); etc.
10:9
… For the daring with which he hurled himself, routing them, against 300 enemies, he was included in the second triad of David's heroes and earned the command of part of the Davidic army against the Ammonites (ibid. 10:9-14), against Absalom (ibid. 18:2 ff.), against Sheba (ibid. 20:6 ff.), and against the Edomites (I Chron. 18:12). Because of Joab's personal enmities with Abner, he helped his brother …
10:15
… An officer in the army of Hadadezer king of Zobah, he escaped the rout inflicted on the latter by David (2 Sam. 8:3-6; 10:15-19). R. gathered other fugitives around himself and became the leader of a strong band of raiders. …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.