Who followed David when he fled from Saul. And who came to Hebron to make him king.
VVho folowed dauid when he fled from Saul. 23. And who came into Hebron to make him king.
1Now these are they that came to David to Siceleg, while he yet fled from Saul the son of Cis, and they were most valiant and excellent warriors,Questi pure andarono a trovar David in Siceleg, mentre egli era tutt'ora fuggiasco per paura di Saul figliuolo di Cis; ed erano uomini fortissimi, e illustri nel mestiero delle armi,THESE also came to dauid into Siceleg, when as yet he fled from Saul the sonne of Cis, the which were most valiant and excellent warriers,Hi quoque venerunt ad David in Siceleg, cum adhuc fugeret Saul filium Cis, qui erant fortissimi et egregii pugnatores, 2Bending the bow, and using either hand in hurling stones with slings, and shooting arrows: of the brethren of Saul of Benjamin.Abili a tendere l'arco, e a scagliar sassi colla fionda con ambedue le mani, e a tirar diritte le frecce: erano congiunti di sangue con Saul, e della tribù di Beniamin.drawing the bowe, and hurling with both handes stones in slinges, and shooting arrowes directly: of the brethren of Saul of Beniamin.tendentes arcum, et utraque manu fundis saxa jacientes, et dirigentes sagittas, de fratribus Saul ex Benjamin. 3The chief was Ahiezer, and Joas, the sons of Samaa of Gabaath, and Jaziel, and Phallet the sons of Azmoth, and Beracha, and Jehu an Anathothite.Il principale era Ahiezer, e poi Joas, ambedue figliuoli di Sammaa di Gabaath, e Jaziel, e Phalleth, figliuoli di Azmoth, e Baracha, e Jehu di Anathoth.The prince Ahiezer, and Ioas the sonnes of Sammaa a Gabaathite, and Iaziel, and Phallet the sonnes of Azmoth, and Beracha, and Iehu an Anothothite.Princeps Ahiecer, et Joas filii Samaa Gabaathites, et Jaziel, et Phallet filii Azmoth, et Baracha, et Jehu Anathotites. 4And Samaias of Gabaon, the stoutest amongst the thirty and over the thirty; Jeremias, and Jeheziel and Johanan, and Jozabad of Gaderoth;E Samaia di Gabaon, il più valoroso de' trenta, e capo dei trenta: Jeremia, e Jeheziel, e Johanan, e Iozabad di Gaderoth.Samaias also a Gabaonite the most valiant amongst the thirtie and aboue the thirtie. Ieremias, and Ieheziel, and Iohanan, and Iezabad a Gaderothite.Samaias quoque Gabaonites fortissimus inter triginta et super triginta. Jeremias, et Jeheziel, et Johanan, et Jezabad Gaderothites. 5And Eluzai, and Jerimuth, and Baalia, and Samaria, and Saphatia the Haruphite;Ed Eluzai, e Jerimuth, e Baalia, e Samaria, e Saphathia di Haruph.And Eluzai, and Ierimuth, and Baalia, and Samaria, and Saphatia an Haruphite.Et Eluzai, et Jerimuth, et Baalia, et Samaria, et Saphatia Haruphites. 6Elcana, and Jesia, and Azareel, and Joezer, and Jesbaam of Carehim:Elcana, e Jesia, e Azareel, e Joezer, e Jesbaan di Carehim.Elcana, and Iesia, and Azareel, and Ioezer, & Iesbaam of Carehim:Elcana, et Jesia, et Azareel, et Joëzer, et Jesbaam de Carehim:
7And Joela, and Zabadia the sons of Jeroham of Gedor.E Joela, e Zabadia, figliuoli di Jeroham di Gedor.Ioela also, and Zabadia the sonnes of Ieroham of Gedor.Joëla quoque, et Zabadia filii Jeroham de Gedor. 8From Gaddi also there went over to David, when he lay hid in the wilderness most valiant men, and excellent warriors, holding shield and spear: whose faces were like the faces of a lion, and they were swift like the roebucks on the mountains.Parimente della tribù di Gad si rifugiarono presso David, quando egli stava nascosto nel deserto, uomini fortissimi, e campioni valorosi, armati di scudo, e di lancia: egli aveano facce come di lioni, ed erano snelli, come le capre di montagna.Yea and of Gaddi also there fled to Dauid, when he lay hid in the desert most valiant men, and the best warriers, holding sheild and speare: their faces as the faces of a lion, nd swift as the roebuck•s on the mountaynes:Sed et de Gaddi transfugerunt ad David cum lateret in deserto, viri robustissimi, et pugnatores optimi, tenentes clypeum et hastam: facies eorum quasi facies leonis, et veloces quasi capreæ in montibus: 9Ezer the chief, Obdias the second, Eliab the third,Il principale di essi Ezer, Obdia il secondo, il terzo Eliab,Ezer the prince, Obdias the second, Eliab the third,Ezer princeps, Obdias secundus, Eliab tertius, 10Masmana the fourth, Jeremias the fifth,Il quarto Masnana, Jeremia il quinto,Masmana the fourth, Ieremias the fifth,Masmana quartus, Jeremias quintus, 11Ethi the sixth, Eliel the seventh,Ethi il sesto, Eliei il settimo.Ethi the sixth, Eliel the seuenth,Ethi sextus, Eliel septimus, 12Johanan the eighth, Elzebad the ninth,Johanan l'ottavo, Elzebad il nono,Iohanan the eight, Elzebad the ninth,Johanan octavus, Elzebad nonus, 13Jerenias the tenth, Machbani the eleventh,Jeremia il decimo, Machbanai l'undecimo:Ieremias the tenth, Machbanai the eleuenth,Jeremias decimus, Machbanai undecimus. 14These were of the sons of Gad, captains of the army: the least of them was captain over a hundred soldiers, and the greatest over a thousand.Questi erano della tribù di Gad principi dell'esercito: il minimo di essi avea il comando di cento soldati, il massimo di mille.these of the children of Gad were the princes of his armie: the meanest was captayne ouer an hundred souldiars, and the greatest, ouer a thousand.Hi de filiis Gad principes exercitus: novissimus centum militibus præerat, et maximus mille. 15These are they who passed over the Jordan in the first month, when it is used to flow over its banks: and they put to flight all that dwelt in the valleys both toward the east and toward the west.Questi sono, che passarono il Giordano il primo mese, quando egli suole uscir del suo letto, e soverchiar le sue rive: e posero in fuga tutti quelli, che stavano nelle valli dalla parte d'oriente, e da quella d'occidente.These are they which passed Iordan the first moneth, when it vsed to flow ouer his bankes: and they chased away al that dwelt in the valleis toward the east quarter and the west.Isti sunt qui transierunt Jordanem mense primo, quando inundare consuevit super ripas suas: et omnes fugaverunt qui morabantur in vallibus ad orientalem plagam et occidentalem.
16And there came also of the men of Benjamin, and of Juda to the hold, in which David abode.Vennero anche di quelli di Beniamin, e di Giuda a quel sito forte, dove stava David.And there came also of Beniamin, and of Iuda to the hold, wherin Dauid abode.Venerunt autem et de Benjamin et de Juda ad præsidium in quo morabatur David. 17And David went out to meet them, and said: If you are come peaceably to me to help me, let my heart be joined to you: but if you plot against me for my enemies whereas I have no iniquity in my hands, let the God of our fathers see, and judge.E David andò loro incontro, e disse: Se voi con buon fine siete venuti da me a porgermi aiuto, il mio cuore sarà unito col vostro: ma se voi mi tendete insidie, secondando i miei avversari, mentre io ho pure le mani da ogni peccato, siane testimone, e giudice il Dio de' padri nostri.And Dauid went out to mete them, and sayd: If you be come peaceably to me for to helpe me, my hart be ioyned to you, but if you lye in wayte against me for my aduersaries, whereas I haue no iniquitie in my handes, the God of our fathers see, and iudge.Egressusque est David obviam eis, et ait: Si pacifice venistis ad me ut auxiliemini mihi, cor meum jungatur vobis: si autem insidiamini mihi pro adversariis meis, cum ego iniquitatem in manibus non habeam, videat Deus patrum nostrorum, et judicet. 18But the spirit came upon Amasai the chief among thirty, and he said: We are thine, O David, and for thee, O son of Isai: peace, peace be to thee, and peace to thy helpers. For thy God helpeth thee. So David received them, and made them captains of the band.E Amasai capo dei trenta mosso dallo spirito, disse: Noi siam tuoi, o Davidde, e siam con te, o figliuolo di Isai: pace, pace a te, e pace a quelli, che ti porgono aiuto: perocché il tuo Dio ti porge aiuto. Davidde allora gli accolse, e li fece dei principali nelle sue schiere.But the spirit came on Amasai the prince among thirtie, and he sayd: We are thine ô Dauid, and with thee ô sonne of Isai: peace, peace be to thee, & peace to thy helpers. for thy God helpeth thee. Dauid therfore receiued them, and appoynted them princes of the band.Spiritus vero induit Amasai principem inter triginta, et ait: Tui sumus, o David, et tecum, fili Isai. Pax, pax tibi, et pax adjutoribus tuis: te enim adjuvat Deus tuus. Suscepit ergo eos David, et constituit principes turmæ. 19And there were some of Manasses that went over to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to fight: but he did not fight with them: because the lords of the Philistines taking counsel sent him back, saying: With the danger of our heads he will return to his master Saul.Venner pure di que' di Manasse a Davidde, mentre egli era in cammino co' Filistei, per combattere contro Saul: ma egli non combattè insieme con loro; perchè i principi de' Filistei, tenuto consiglio, lo rimandarono indietro, dicendo: Egli si riunirà col suo signore Saul a spese delle nostre teste.Moreouer of Manasses there fled to Dauid, when he came with the Philisthijms agaynst Saul, to fight and he fought not with them: because the princes of the Philisthimes taking counsel sent him backe, saying: with the peril of our head wil he returne to his lord Saul.Porro de Manasse transfugerunt ad David, quando veniebat cum Philisthiim adversus Saul ut pugnaret: et non dimicavit cum eis, quia inito consilio remiserunt eum principes Philisthinorum, dicentes: Periculo capitis nostri revertetur ad dominum suum Saul.
20So when he went back to Siceleg, there fled to him of Manasses, Ednas and Jozabad, and Jedihel, and Michael, and Ednas, and Jozabad, and Eliu, and Salathi, captains of thousands in Manasses.Or quando egli fu ritornato a Siceleg, si rifugiarono presso di lui di quelli di Manasse, Ednas, e Jozabad, e Jedihel, e Michael, ed Ednas, e Jozabad, ed Eliu, e Salathi, i quali comandavano a mille uomini di Manasse:Therfore when he returned into Siceleg, there fled to him of Manasses, Ednas, and Iozabab, and Iedihel, and Michael, and Ednas, & Iozabad, and Eliu, and Salathi, the princes of a thousand in Manasses.Quando igitur reversus est in Siceleg, transfugerunt ad eum de Manasse, Ednas, et Jozabad, et Jedihel, et Michaël, et Ednas, et Jozabad, et Eliu, et Salathi, principes millium in Manasse. 21These helped David against the rovers: for they were all most valiant men, and were made commanders in the army.Questi diedero aiuto a David contro i ladroni: perocché eran tutti uomini fortissimi, e furono fatti principi nell'esercito.These did ayde Dauid agaynst the rouers: for they were al most valiant men, and were made commanders in the armie.Hi præbuerunt auxilium David adversus latrunculos: omnes enim erant viri fortissimi, et facti sunt principes in exercitu. 22Moreover day by day there came some to David to help him till they became a great number, like the army of God.E ogni giorno veniva gente a David in suo soccorso, onde egli ebbe finalmente un grande esercito.Yea and there came euerie day to Dauid to helpe him, til it became a great number, as it were the armie of God.Sed et per singulos dies veniebant ad David ad auxiliandum ei, usque dum fieret grandis numerus, quasi exercitus Dei. 23And this is the number of the chiefs of the army who came to David, when he was in Hebron, to transfer to him the kingdom of Saul, according to the word of the Lord.Questo è parimente il numero dei capi dell'esercito, i quali andarono a trovar David mentre era in Hebron, per trasferire a lui il regno di Saul, secondo la parola del Signore.This also is the number of the commanders of the armie, which came to Dauid, when he was in Hebron, to transferre the kingdom of Saul to him according to the word of our Lord.Iste quoque est numerus principum exercitus qui venerunt ad David cum esset in Hebron, ut transferrent regnum Saul ad eum, juxta verbum Domini. 24The sons of Juda bearing shield and spear, six thousand eight hundred well appointed to war.Figliuoli di Giuda armati di scudo, e di lancia, e in Ordine per combattere, sei mila ottocento.The children of Iuda bearing shield and speare, six thousand eight hundred wel appoynted to battel.Filii Juda portantes clypeum et hastam, sex millia octingenti expediti ad prælium.
25Of the sons of Simeon valiant men for war, seven thousand one hundred.Figliuoli di Simeon uomini fortissimi per la guerra, sette mila cento.Of the children of Simeon valient men to •ight, seuen thousand one hundred.De filiis Simeon virorum fortissimorum ad pugnandum, septem millia centum. 26Of the sons of Levi, four thousand six hundred.Figliuoli di Levi, quattro mila seicento.Of the children of Leui, foure thousand six hundred.De filiis Levi, quatuor millia sexcenti. 27And Joiada prince of the race of Aaron, and with him three thousand seven hundred.Joiada principe della stirpe a Aaron avea seco tre mila settecento uomini.Ioiada also prince of the stocke of Aaron, and with him three thousand seuen hundred.Jojoda quoque princeps de stirpe Aaron, et cum eo tria millia septingenti. 28Sadoc also a young man of excellent disposition, and the house of his father, twenty-two principal men.Parimente Sadoc giovinetto di ottima indole (venne) colla casa del padre suo, e con ventidue capi di famiglie.Sadoc also a young man of goodlie towardenes, and the house of his father, princes twentie twoSadoc etiam puer egregiæ indolis, et domus patris ejus, principes viginti duo. 29And of the sons of Benjamin the brethren of Saul, three thousand: for hitherto a great part of them followed the house of Saul.De' figliuoli di Beniamin fratelli di Saul, tre mila: perocché una gran parte di essi seguiva tutt'ora il partito della casa di Saul.And of the children of Beniamin the brethren of Saul, three thousand: for a great part of them as yet folowed the house of Saul.De filiis autem Benjamin fratribus Saul, tria millia: magna enim pars eorum adhuc sequebatur domum Saul. 30And of the sons of Ephraim twenty thousand eight hundred, men of great valour renowned in their kindreds.Figliuoli di Ephraim, venti mila ottocento uomini fortissimi, e di gran nome nelle loro famiglie.Moreouer of the children of Ephraim twentie thousand eight hundred, valiant of strength, men renowmed in their kinredes.Porro de filiis Ephraim viginti millia octingenti, fortissimi robore, viri nominati in cognationibus suis. 31And of the half tribe of Manasses, eighteen thousand, every one by their names, came to make David king.E della mezza tribù di Manasse, diciotto mila scelti nominatamente a uno a uno vennero a creare re Davidde.And of the halfe tribe of Manasses, eightene thousand, euerie one by their names, came to make Dauid king.Et ex dimidia tribu Manasse, decem et octo millia, singuli per nomina sua, venerunt ut constituerent regem David. 32Also of the sons of Issachar men of understanding, that knew all times to order what Israel should do, two hundred principal men: and all the rest of the tribe followed their counsel.E de' figliuoli d'Issachar vennero degli uomini sapienti, i quali sapean discernere ciaschedun tempo, affine d'indicare quel, che dovesse fare Israele: erano dugento principi, e tutto il resto della tribù si rimetteva al loro parere.Also of the children of Issachar men of vnderstanding, that knewe al times to command what Israel should doe, princes two hundred: and al the rest of the tribe did folow their counsel.De filiis quoque Issachar viri eruditi, qui noverant singula tempora ad præcipiendum quid facere deberet Israël, principes ducenti: omnis autem reliqua tribus eorum consilium sequebatur.
33And of Zabulon such as went forth to battle, and stood in array well appointed with armour for war, there came fifty thousand to his aid, with no double heart.Quelli di Zàbulon esercitati nella guerra, e armati come in ordine di battaglia, vennero in aiuto in numero di cinquanta mila con un sol cuore.Moreouer of Zabulon such as went forth to battel, & stood in aray wel appoynted with armour of warre, there came fiftie thousand to ayde, not in a duble hart.Porro de Zabulon qui egrediebantur ad prælium, et stabant in acie instructi armis bellicis, quinquaginta millia venerunt in auxilium, non in corde duplici. 34And of Nephtali, a thousand leaders: and with them seven and thirty thousand, furnished with shield and spear.E di Nephthali mille principi, e con essi trentasette mila uomini armati di scudo, e di lancia.And of Nepthali, commanders a thousand: and with them furnished with shield and speare, seuen and thirtie thousand.Et de Nephthali, principes mille, et cum eis instructi clypeo et hasta, triginta et septem millia. 35Of Dan also twenty-eight thousand six hundred prepared for battle.Parimente di Dan, vent'otto mila secento preparati come per dar battaglia.Of Dan also prepared to battel, twentie eight thousand six hundred.De Dan etiam præparati ad prælium, viginti octo millia sexcenti. 36And of Aser forty thousand going forth to fight, and challenging in battle.E di Aser quaranta mila buoni per la guerra, e pronti a menar le mani.And of Aser going forth to fight, and prouoking in batttel, fourtie thousand.Et de Aser egredientes ad pugnam, et in acie provocantes, quadraginta millia. 37And on the other side of the Jordan of the sons of Ruben, and of Gad, and of the half of the tribe of Manasses a hundred and twenty thousand, furnished with arms for war.E di quei di là dal Giordano, de' figliuoli di Ruben, e di Gad, e della mezza tribù di Manasse, cento venti mila ben armati per combattere.And beyond Iordan of the children of Ruben, and of Gad, and the halfe part of the tribe of Manasses furnished with armour of warre an hundred twentie thousand.Trans Jordanem autem de filiis Ruben, et de Gad, et dimidia parte tribus Manasse, instructi armis bellicis, centum viginti millia. 38All these men of war well appointed to fight, came with a perfect heart to Hebron, to make David king over all Israel: and all the rest also of Israel, were of one heart to make David king.Tutti questi uomini guerrieri pronti a combattere, con ottimo cuore si raunarono in Hebron per creare Davidde re di tutto Israele; ma oltre a questo, tutti parimente gl'Israeliti concordavan su questo punto di fare re Davidde.Al these men of warre wel appoynted to fight, with perfect hart came into Hebron, to make Dauid King ouer al Israel: yea and al the rest of Israel, were of one hart, that Dauid should be made king.Omnes isti viri bellatores expediti ad pugnandum, corde perfecto venerunt in Hebron, ut constituerent regem David super universum Israël: sed et omnes reliqui ex Israël uno corde erant, ut rex fieret David.
39And they were there with David three days eating and drinking: for their brethren had prepared for them.E si trattenner ivi presso Davidde tre giorni mangiando; e bevendo, avendone fatte le provisioni i loro fratelli.And they were there with Dauid three daies eating and drinking: for their brethren had prepared for them.Fueruntque ibi apud David tribus diebus comedentes et bibentes: præparaverant enim eis fratres sui. 40Moreover they that were near them even as far as Issachar, and Zabulon, and Nephtali, brought loaves on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, to eat: meal, figs, raisins, wine, oil, and oxen, and sheep in abundance, for there was joy in Israel.Di più i vicini, e fin quelli d'Issachar, e di Zàbulon, e di Nephthali portavano pane da mangiare sopra gli asini, sopra i cammelli, e i muli, e i buoi, e farina, e fichi secchi, e uva passa, e vino, e olio, e bovi, e arieti in grande abbondanza: perocché il gaudio regnava in Israele.Yea and they that were neere them as farre as Issachar, & Zabulon, and Nephthali, brought loaues on Asses, and on camels, and on mules, and vpon oxen, to eate: meale, figges, reysens, wine oile, beeues, muttons, in al abundance, for there was ioy in Israel.Sed et qui juxta eos erant, usque ad Issachar, et Zabulon, et Nephthali, afferebant panes in asinis, et camelis, et mulis, et bobus ad vescendum: farinam, palathas, uvam passam, vinum, oleum, boves, arietes ad omnem copiam: gaudium quippe erat in Israël.
12:1
Year of the World 2948, Year before Christ 1056.
Calmet
Fled. Hebrew, "was shut up through fear." (Calmet)
Haydock
Septuagint, "was under anxiety." (Haydock)
12:2
Menochius
Hand, like Aod, Judges 3:15. (Menochius)
Calmet
Brethren, of the same tribe. The opinion which they entertained of David, must have been very great, to make them expose themselves to such dangers. In adversity, true friendship and virtue shine the most. (Calmet)
Tirinus
The hand of providence is here conspicuous. (Tirinus)
12:4
Calmet
Thirty. Hebrew sheloshim, denotes "the officers" of the army. (Calmet)
Protestants style this hero "Ismaiah."
12:6
Haydock
Jesbaam. Probably the second after Joab, 1 Paralipomenon 11:11. (Haydock)
Kennicott
Of Carehim. Hebrew, "the Korhites." (Kennicott)
Menochius
So also the Septuagint. There[They?] were Levites, descendants of Core. (Menochius)
12:8
Gaddi, a city of the tribe of Gad, (2 Kings xxiii.) from which many went to join David, when he was in the country of Moab, (Menochius) as others of the Gadites did, ver. 14.
12:14
Calmet
Thousand, after David had ascended the throne. (Calmet)
Menochius
At Siceleg he had only 600. (Menochius)
Vatable
Some suppose that each of these officers was worth 100 men, etc. (Vatable)
12:15
Tirinus
Month, Nisan. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Banks. This circumstance enhances their courage. Maundrel (Alep. p. 136) went to see the Jordan, 13th March, 1697, but the river was nine feet from the banks. Its rapidity has perhaps made its bed so much deeper, that it does not overflow so frequently at present. (Calmet)
12:16
12:17
Haydock
Hands. At that time he had done no injury to any man. (Haydock)
12:18
Calmet
Spirit of God (Calmet; or good will, Du Hamel) prompted Amasai, the chief of "the officers." (Calmet)
Haydock
Band, or "of a company." (Haydock)
12:19
Calmet
Fight. They joined him after he had left the Philistines. (Calmet)
Haydock
But he. Hebrew, "they helped them not." Neither David nor his partizans were involved in this danger, which might have caused their fidelity to be suspected, 1 Kings xxix. (Haydock)
12:20
Year of the World 2949.
Du Hamel
Thousands: heads of the principal cities, Micheas 5:2. (Du Hamel)
12:21
Rovers of Amalec, 1 Kings 30:1.
12:22
Haydock
Of God; very great, (Calmet) particularly when Isboseth was slain, 2 Kings 5:1. (Haydock)
Worthington
The angels are to us innumerable, Job xxv. An army in concord is compared to them. (Worthington)
12:23
Year of the World 2956.
12:27
12:28
Of excellent. Hebrew, "of great valour." Saul had appointed him in the place of Achimelec, and David permitted him to retain his dignity.
12:29
Calmet
Followed. Hebrew, "kept guard at the palace." These guards submitted to David, like the rest, after the death of Isboseth. (Calmet)
12:31
Haydock
Manasses, west of the Jordan. See ver. 37. (Haydock)
12:32
12:40
Calmet
Nephthali. All, both far and near, contributed to regale the deputies. (Calmet)
12:22
An armie of 〈…〉 o• 〈…〉, is 〈…〉 to •s ••Soan•• 〈◊〉.
12:2
Pope St Gregory I the Great † AD 604 Register of the Epistles of St. Gregory the Great 5.39
… But remember that thou rulest an Apostolic See, and assuagest sorrow the more readily from being made all things to all men. In the Books of Kings, as your accomplished Holiness knows, a certain man is described who used either hand for the right hand (
12:17
St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 Letters of St. Augustin 75.2
… if you are victorious, I also gain a victory if I discover my error. On the other hand, if I win the day, the gain is yours; for “the children ought not to lay up for the parents, but the parents for the children.” We read, moreover, in Chronicles, that the children of Israel went to battle with their minds set upon peace,
12:18
St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 A Treatise on Rebuke and Grace 45
… Peace, peace be unto thee, and peace be to thy helpers; because the Lord has helped thee.”
12:38
St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 A Treatise on Rebuke and Grace 45
… Moreover, a little afterwards the same Scripture says, “All these warlike men, setting the battle in array, came with a peaceful heart to Hebron to establish David over all Israel.”
12:2
2. Of the brethren of Saul from Benjamin, namely of the kinsmen of Saul and the Benjaminites; for Saul was from the tribe of Benjamin. This was a marvel, and as it were a miracle, by which God honored David the exile and fugitive, so that many from the tribe of Benjamin and kinsmen of Saul preferred to follow him rather than Saul the king who persecuted him: namely God fought for David against Saul, and David's innocence, modesty and holiness drew to himself all those whom Saul turned away from himself by his pride, insolence and wickedness. Rightly therefore three thousand Benjaminites preferred to follow David, because Ishbosheth, the son of Saul, as it is said in verse 29.
12:6
6. Of the Carehim, that is, as the Hebrews and the Septuagint have it, of the Corites, or of the descendants of Core.
12:8
8. Of Gaddi, that is, of the tribe of Gad, or of the Gaddites.
12:15
15. These are they who crossed the Jordan in the first month (Nisan or the Paschal month, which corresponds to our March in part and April in part), when it was wont to overflow its banks: and they put all to flight, as if to say, These are the Gaddites, who with heroic spirit and virtue dared to be the first to enter the Jordan divided by Joshua, and attacked the Canaanites standing on the opposite bank and attempting to prevent the passage of the Hebrews, and put them to flight.
12:22
22. As an army of God, that is, as a very great army; for all things of God the greatest are very great.
12:28
28. Sadoc also a boy of excellent character. — This appears to be Sadoc the High Priest, whom Saul, after killing Abimelech, who was of Heli and Ithamar, appointed as High Priest. He is called "boy" because at that time he was younger; hence he lived throughout the time of David, and performed the office of high priest together with Abiathar. Then by Solomon, when Abiathar was removed, Sadoc alone remained as High Priest by his authority. For although Joiada in the preceding verse is called "prince," he himself was not High Priest, but "prince," that is, leader of the military band, which he was leading to David from the priests and Levites.
12:32
32. Concerning also the sons of Issachar, men learned, who knew all things pertaining to the times, to give counsel what Israel ought to do, two hundred princes. — Vatablus, princes knowing occasions, that is, knowing at what time and what ought to be done, seizing upon occasions; for example, that at this time, when Saul had been struck down by the Philistines with all his camps, David ought to be made king, as one accustomed to war and victorious, and therefore a terror to the Philistines to restrain their pride and boldness from their recent victory, and because the time had now come when the promise of the kingdom made by God to David ought to be fulfilled. For there was no other who could succor the affairs of Israel, now so fallen and afflicted, and restore them, except David: wherefore these princes persuaded the people not only of their own tribe, but also of others, to make David king. They were therefore learned in the knowledge, or understanding of times, that is, of occasions, as the Hebrews have it, which is a practical knowledge most useful to human life, and in it consists true and perfect prudence, both ethical, economic, and political, as Solomon teaches, Ecclesiastes III, 2 and seq: "All things have their season: A time to be born, and a time to die. A time to kill, and a time to heal. A time to weep, and a time to laugh. A time to keep, and a time to cast away. A time of war, and a time of peace," etc. And cap. VIII, vers. 6: "For every business there is time and opportunity." Secondly, "knowledge of times" here can be understood as physical and astrological. For the Issacharites were farmers, and therefore they observed the changes of seasons, the conveniences of breezes and winds, so that they might know when it would be time to sow, when to reap, when to plant, when to sail. For this knowledge is necessary to farmers, as Virgil testifies in the Georgics. The Issacharites learned this knowledge of times partly by continuous observation and use, namely, from the prognostications of winds, stars, etc., continuously observed, as Abulensis and Sanchez say; partly they drew it from their neighboring Phoenicians, namely the Tyrians and Sidonians (to whom they brought their harvests, wine and oil, so that they might carry them by sea to neighboring islands and sell them). For the Phoenicians, because they dwelt by the sea, devoted themselves to navigation and commerce, and therefore observed the vicissitudes of the stars and seasons, so that they might know when, how and where it would be necessary to sail. Thirdly, St. Jerome understands by "knowledge of times" the knowledge of ecclesiastical computation, for example, when Easter, Pentecost, and other feasts ought to be celebrated, what ought to be done and offered on each feast. For the Issacharites, in their quiet agricultural life, were devoted to the study of wisdom and religion. Whence Moses, Deuteronomy XXXIII, 18, imparts to them this blessing: "And Issachar in his tabernacles," namely, he will devote himself in the quiet of agriculture and commerce. "They shall call the peoples to the mountain," namely to the temple on Mount Sion, so that in it they might worship God piously. "For they were themselves, says St. Jerome, teachers, computers and masters, whether for the festivals or for other things." Abulensis refutes this, that farmers are not accustomed to devote themselves to studies, but unjustly: for we often see the contrary happen, and formerly it was done thus. Certainly many farmers have learned sons and doctors, and I myself am the son of a farmer.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
12:3
ANATHOTH (Hebrew 'Anathōth). - A Levitical city of the tribe of Benjamin (Josh. 21:18; 1 Chron. 6:45 [Heb. 60]). It was the birthplace of two companions of David, Abiezer (2 Sam. 23:27; 1 Chron. 11:28; 27:12) and Jehu (1 Chron. 12:3), and of the prophet Jeremiah (Jer. 1:1), who, however, had much to suffer from his fellow townsmen (Jer. 11:18-23). The high priest Abiathar was confined there by Solomon (1 Kings …
Joas (Heb. Jō'āf and Jēhō'āf; Greek: 'Iōzōz)
at Ziklag (1 Chron. 12:3). - 7. Administrator of David, for the stores of oil (1 Chron. 27:28).
12:4
Johanan (HEB. JĒHĀHĀNĀN AND JĀHĀNĀN "JAHWEH IS GRACIOUS")
… or with him at Megiddo (2 Kings 23:29). - 3. Davidic descendant, through Zerubbabel (1 Chron. 3:24). - 4. Grandson of Ahimaaz; high priest under Solomon and Rehoboam (ibid. 6:10). - 5. Valiant warrior of David; a Benjaminite, he joined him at Ziklag (ibid. 12:4). - 6. A Gadite, with David in the wilderness of Judah (ibid. 12:12). - 7. A Levite, of the family of Korah; gatekeeper of the Tabernacle (ibid. 26:3). - 8. Military leader under Jehoshaphat …
… In 1 Chron. 12:4 a Gibeonite, a friend of David, bears this name: he was the head of the "thirty," that is, of the most trusted and most esteemed corps for military valor. …
12:6
Elcana (Heb. 'Elqāhāh, "God Has Possessed")
warriors of David (ibid., 12:6); 6) one of the two gatekeepers for the ark (ibid., 15:23), perhaps identical with the preceding; 7) the chief minister of Ahaz killed by Zichri (2 Chron. 28:7). Gino Bresson
12:7
2. A Benjaminite (Hebrew Jâšobh'âm; Septuagint Iesâbâk) of the Levitical family of Korah, among the warriors who joined David at Ziklag (I Par. 12:7).
12:8
… At the beginning of the monarchy valiant soldiers hastened from G. to help David (cf. 1 Chron. 12:8-14). But in practice the tribe of G., undoubtedly already partly amalgamated with indigenous elements, gradually disappears from Hebrew history. …
12:9
Eliab (Heb. "Il My God Is Father")
5. One of the warriors of the tribe of Gad, who presented themselves to David to render him services in the persecution of Saul (1 Chron. 12:9-14).
12:11
Eliel (Heb. 'Elī'el "My God Is 'El")
7. A chief of the tribe of Gad, who joined David when he was persecuted by Saul (I Chron. 12:11).
12:12
Johanan (HEB. JĒHĀHĀNĀN AND JĀHĀNĀN "JAHWEH IS GRACIOUS")
… through Zerubbabel (1 Chron. 3:24). - 4. Grandson of Ahimaaz; high priest under Solomon and Rehoboam (ibid. 6:10). - 5. Valiant warrior of David; a Benjaminite, he joined him at Ziklag (ibid. 12:4). - 6. A Gadite, with David in the wilderness of Judah (ibid. 12:12). - 7. A Levite, of the family of Korah; gatekeeper of the Tabernacle (ibid. 26:3). - 8. Military leader under Jehoshaphat king of Judah (2 Chron. 17:15). - 9. Father of the centurion …
12:19
Gideon was a Manassite (Judg. 6:14). After the death of Saul the Manassites rallied to David (I Chron. 12:19). Those of the east of the Jordan joined other tribes to fight the Hagrites (ibid. 5:18), but their history ended with the deportation to Assyria carried out by Tiglath-Pileser (ibid. 5:18-26).
12:21
Michael (Hebrew Mikhā'el « Who [is] like God? »)
… the singer (ibid. 6:25). 4. Son of Izrahiah of the tribe of Issachar (ibid. 7:3). 5. Ancestor of Saul (v.), of the tribe of Benjamin (ibid. 8:16). 6. Member of the tribe of Manasseh, who helped David with his men in the campaign against the Amalekites (ibid. 12:21; cf. 1 Sam. 30:1 ff.). 7. Father of Omri of the tribe of Issachar in the time of David (1 Chron. 27:18). 8. Brother of King Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 21:2). 9. Member of …
12:25
Simeon (Heb. Šim'ôn; Gr. Symzōn)
… The Simeonites still furnished 7,100 warriors to David (1 Chron. 12:25). But already in this period, and ever more frequently afterward, the cities that had belonged to S. are counted as Judean: Bethel, Ramoth in the south, Arama, Ashan (1 Sam. 30:27-30), …
12:32
… Nevertheless the tribe joined in the war waged by Deborah against Sisara (Judg. 5:15), Issacharites were the judges Thola (Judg. 10:1) and King Baasa (II Kings 15:27); and the tribe, of 87,000 warriors (I Chron. 7:5), favored David in his accession to the throne of Israel (I Chron. 12:32).
12:33
for whose exaltation the descendants of Z. sincerely cooperated (cf. ibid. 12:33). After the fall of the Kingdom of Israel (722 B.C.), the remnants of the tribe of Z. were invited, like the others, to the solemn celebration of the Passover; but only a few responded …
12:36
… This tribe, which appears in the lists of the various censuses with a number now of 41,500 (Num. 1:41), now of 53,400 (Num. 26:47) men, never exercised much influence in the history of the Hebrew people: hence it is rarely mentioned (Judg. 5:17; 7:23; 1 Chron. 12:36; 1 Kings 4:6). Its territory occupied the north-west of Palestine, from Carmel (included) to Phoenicia, that is, the western slope of the hills that descend from the foothills of Lebanon …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.