Dagon twice falleth down before the ark. The Philistines are grievously afflicted, wherever the ark cometh.
Dagon falleth downe twise in presence of the Arke, his head and handes broken of. 6. The Philisthijms being sore plagued in al their cities where the arke cometh, 11. determine to send it backe to the Israelites.
1And the Philistines took the ark of God, and carried it from the Stone of help into Azotus.Ma i Filistei presero l'arca di Dio, e la trasportarono dalla Pietra del soccorso in Azoto.AND the Philistijms tooke the arke of God, and caried it from the Stone of helpe into Azotus.Philisthiim autem tulerunt arcam Dei, et asportaverunt eam a lapide Adjutorii in Azotum. 2And the Philistines took the ark of God, and brought it into the temple of Dagon, and set it by Dagon.E portarono i Filistei l'arca di Dio nel tempio di Dagon, e la collocarono vicino a Dagon.And the Philistijms tooke the arke of God, and brought it into the temple of Dagon, and sette it beside Dagon.Tuleruntque Philisthiim arcam Dei, et intulerunt eam in templum Dagon, et statuerunt eam juxta Dagon. 3And when the Azotians arose early the next day, behold Dagon lay upon his face on the ground before the ark of the Lord: and they took Dagon, and set him again in his place.E il dì seguente alzatisi quelli di Azoto allo spuntare del dì, ecco che Dagon giaceva boccone per terra dinanzi all'arca del Signore: e presero Dagon, e lo rimisero al suo posto.And when the Azotians had risen early the next day, behold Dagon lay flatte on the ground before the arke of our Lord: and they tooke Dagon, and restored him into his place.Cumque surrexissent diluculo Azotii altera die, ecce Dagon jacebat pronus in terra ante arcam Domini: et tulerunt Dagon, et restituerunt eum in locum suum. 4And the next day again, when they rose in the morning, they found Dagon lying upon his face on the earth before the ark of the Lord: and the head of Dagon, and both the palms of his hands, were cut off upon the threshold:E di nuovo alzati la mattina seguente trovarono Dagon che giacea boccone per terra dinanzi all'arca del Signore: ma il capo di Dagon, e le due mani troncate erano sulla soglia (del tempio):And agayne early the next day rising vp, they found Dagon lying vpon his face on the earth before the arke of our Lord: and the head of Dagon, and the two palmes of his handes were cutte of vpon the threshold:Rursumque mane die altera consurgentes, invenerunt Dagon jacentem super faciem suam in terra coram arca Domini: caput autem Dagon, et duæ palmæ manuum ejus abscissæ erant super limen: 5And only the stump of Dagon remained in its place. For this cause neither the priests of Dagon, nor any that go into the temple, tread on the threshold of Dagon in Azotus unto this day.E il solo torso di Dagon era rimaso al suo posto. Questa è la ragione, per cui fino al dì d'oggi i sacerdoti di Dagon, e tutti quelli che entrano nel suo tempio non pongono il piede sulla soglia di Dagon in Azoto.moreouer the bodie only of Dagon was remayning in his place. For this cause the priestes of Dagon, and al that enter into his temple, tread not vpon the threshold of Dagon in Azotus vntil this day.porro Dagon solus truncus remanserat in loco suo. Propter hanc causam non calcant sacerdotes Dagon, et omnes qui ingrediuntur templum ejus, super limen Dagon in Azoto, usque in hodiernum diem.
6And the hand of the Lord was heavy upon the Azotians, and he destroyed them, and afflicted Azotus and the coasts thereof with emerods. And in the villages and fields in the midst of that country, there came forth a multitude of mice, and there was the confusion of a great mortality in the city.E la mano del Signore si fe' sentir fieramente a quelli di Azoto e li desolò; e mandò a quelli di Azoto, e del suo territorio un malore nelle parti deretane più interne. E villaggi, e i campi in mezzo a quella regione ribollirono, e nacquer de' topi, e la città era sossopra pella gran mortalità.And the hand of our Lord was heauie vpon the Azotians, and he plagued them, and stroke Azotus and the coastes thereof in the secrete part of the fundament. And the townes and fieldes bubbled forth in the middes of that country, and there came forth mise, and there was confusion of great death in the citie.Aggravata est autem manus Domini super Azotios, et demolitus est eos: et percussit in secretiori parte natium Azotum, et fines ejus. Et ebullierunt villæ et agri in medio regionis illius, et nati sunt mures et facta est confusio mortis magnæ in civitate. 7And the men of Azotus seeing this kind of plague, said: The ark of the God of Israel shall not stay with us: for his hand is heavy upon us, and upon Dagon, our god.Or reggendo gli uomini di Azoto questi flagelli dissero: Non resti presso di noi l'arca del Dio d'Israele: perocché dura è la mano di lui sopra di noi, e sopra il nostro dio Dagon.And the men of Azotus seing this maner of plague, said: Let not the arke of the God of Israel tarie with vs: because his hand is sore vpon vs, and vpon Dagon our God.Videntes autem viri Azotii hujuscemodi plagam, dixerunt: Non maneat arca Dei Israël apud nos: quoniam dura est manus ejus super nos, et super Dagon deum nostrum. 8And sending, they gathered together all the lords of the Philistines to them, and said: What shall we do with the ark of the God of Israel? And the Gethites answered: Let the ark of the God of Israel be carried about. And they carried the ark of the God of Israel about.E mandaron gente per far adunare presso di loro tutti i satrapi de' Filistei, e dissero: Che farem noi dell'arca del Dio d'Israele? Risposero quelli di Geth: Si meni attorno l'arca del Dio d'Israele. E menaron attorno l'arca dei Dio d'Israele.And sending they gathered together al the princes of the Philistijms to them, and said: What shal we doe with the arke of the God of Israel? And the Getheites answered: Let the arke of the God of Israel be caried about, and they caried about the arke of the God of Israel.Et mittentes congregaverunt omnes satrapas Philisthinorum ad se, et dixerunt: Quid faciemus de arca Dei Israël ? Responderuntque Gethæi: Circumducatur arca Dei Israël. Et circumduxerunt arcam Dei Israël. 9And while they were carrying it about, the hand of the Lord came upon every city with an exceeding great slaughter: and he smote the men of every city, both small and great, and they had emerods in their secret parts. And the Gethites consulted together, and made themselves seats of skins.E mentre quelli la menavano attorno, la mano del Signore facea strage formisura grande in ciascheduna città: e straziava dal piccolo al grande gli uomini di ciascuna città, e uscivan lor fuori gl'intestini, e s'imputridivano. E i Gethei tenner consiglio, e si fecer dei sedili di pelli.And they carying it about, the hand of our Lord was made through euerie citie by an exceding great slaughter: and it strake the men of euery city, from litle vnto great, & they had emeroides in their secrete partes. And the Getheites tooke counseil, and made themselues stooles of skinnes.Illis autem circumducentibus eam, fiebat manus Domini per singulas civitates interfectionis magnæ nimis: et percutiebat viros uniuscujusque urbis, a parvo usque ad majorem, et computrescebant prominentes extales eorum. Inieruntque Gethæi consilium, et fecerunt sibi sedes pelliceas.
10Therefore they sent the ark of God into Accaron. And when the ark of God was come into Accaron, the Accaronites cried out, saying: They have brought the ark of the God of Israel to us, to kill us and our people.Mandarono adunque l'arca di Dio in Accaron. E arrivata che fu in Accaron l'arca di Dio, sclamarono gli Accaroniti, e dissero: Hanno condotta a noi l'arca del Dio d'Israele, perchè ammazzi noi, e il nostro popolo.They sent therfore the arke of God into Accaron. And when the arke of God was come into Accaron, the Accaronites cryed out, saying: They haue brought vnto vs the arke of the God of Israel, to kil vs & our people.Miserunt ergo arcam Dei in Accaron. Cumque venisset arca Dei in Accaron, exclamaverunt Accaronitæ, dicentes: Adduxerunt ad nos arcam Dei Israël ut interficiat nos et populum nostrum. 11They sent therefore, and gathered together all the lords of the Philistines: and they said: Send away the ark of the God of Israel, and let it return into its own place, and not kill us and our people.Mandarono perciò gente affin di fare adunare tutti i satrapi dei Filistei: i quali dissero: Rimandate l'arca del Dio d'Israele, ed ella torni al suo posto, e non distrugga noi, e il nostro popolo.They sent therefore & gathered together al the princes of the Philistijms: who sayd: Dimisse the arke of the God of Israel, & let it returne into his place, & not kil vs with our people.Miserunt itaque et congregaverunt omnes satrapas Philisthinorum: qui dixerunt: Dimittite arcam Dei Israël, et revertatur in locum suum, et non interficiat nos cum populo nostro. 12For there was the fear of death in every city, and the hand of God was exceeding heavy. The men also that did not die, were afflicted with the emerods: and the cry of every city went up to heaven.Imperocché per ciascuna città si spandeva un terror di morte, e la mano di Dio li premeva gagliardamente: e quegli ancora che non morivano, erano percossi nelle parti deretane più interne: e da ciascheduna città si alzavano le urla fino al cielo.For there was made the feare of death in euery citie, & the hand of God exceding greuous. the men also that had not died, were striken in the secrete part of the buttockes: and the howling of euery citie went vp into heauen.Fiebat enim pavor mortis in singulis urbibus, et gravissima valde manus Dei. Viri quoque qui mortui non fuerant, percutiebantur in secretiori parte natium: et ascendebat ululatus uniuscujusque civitatis in cælum.
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Year of the World 2888.
Calmet
Azotus, one of the five principal cities of the Philistines. It is astonishing that God permits these infidels to touch the ark, He who resented the conduct of Oza, and of the Bethsamites, with such severity. But the law regarded the Israelites, and the pagans were ignorant of it. (Calmet)
Haydock
The servant, who knows his master will, and does not obey, shall suffer many stripes; [Luke 12:47.] and those who have the happiness of professing the true religion, and dishonour it by their immorality, must expect to feel the heavy hand of the judge, much more than ignorant unbelievers. (Haydock)
The Philistines could not suppose that they had gained a victory over God, since they knew he might be displeased with the conduct of his people; and they soon began to perceive that they had brought the greatest misfortunes upon themselves.
5:2
Dagon is the same as Derceto, Atergatis, Venus, and the moon, (Calmet) and was represented like a woman, (Tirinus) as far as the waist, and a fish below. (Haydock) (Judges 16:23.)
Menochius
The ark was placed near the idol, out of respect; (Calmet) or as a trophy of the victory, which they attributed to Dagon. (Menochius)
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Calmet
Lord, as if to acknowledge his superiority. (Calmet)
Worthington
No sooner was the gospel preached, than the power of the idols began to decrease. (Ven. Bede) (Worthington)
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Menochius
Threshold. The idol is treated worse the second time. (Menochius)
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Haydock
The stump of, seems to be wanting in Hebrew. (Haydock)
Only the lower part, which resembled a fish, (Dag) was left on its pedestal.
Prudentius in S. Romano
Day. The Philistines themselves established this custom, which was a tacit confession of the imbecility of the idol, which they nevertheless continued to adore. The prophet Sophonias (Sophonias 1:9.) is supposed to accuse the Jews of imitating this superstition. The ancient Christians, out of respect, kissed the thresholds of the churches of the apostles and martyrs. (Prudentius in S. Romano.)
The Persians still refrain from treading on those of certain mosques, which are covered with silver. (Tavernier 1:5.)
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Emerods. The particular disorder which attacked them, (Psalm 77:66,) is very uncertain. Some say it was the dysentery, or the fistula, or the venereal disease, etc. Eusebius believes that it was in punishment of their incontinency. It was very painful, and sometimes proved mortal, ver. 12. Aristophanes assures us that the Athenians were punished with a shameful disorder, because they had not received the mysteries of Bacchus with due respect; and they were ordered, by the oracle, to make and carry aloft some obscene figures, before they could obtain a cure. (Acharn. 2:6.)
And in, etc. The remainder of this verse is not found in Hebrew, Chaldean, Syriac, Arabic, etc., nor in many Greek and Latin copies. But it is conformable to the truth of history, since we read that figures of these animals were placed beside the ark, in memory of this event, 1 Kings 6:6.
Pliny
Mice, or rats. Such vermin have often obliged people to abandon their country. (Pliny, [Natural History?] 8:28.)
Bellon. (II. 78,) testifies that he saw, near Gaza, such multitudes, as to depopulate whole fields; and, if Providence had not caused the birds, called boudres, to destroy them, the people could have had no harvest.
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Worthington
God. the ark was terrible to this idol, as the relics of St. Babylas were to Apollo. (Worthington)
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Lords, next in dignity to a king, like the Persian surena, Judges 3:3., and 16:5.
Haydock
About. Hebrew, "and they answered, let the ark....be carried unto Geth," in which sense the Septuagint seem to have taken it. But the Vulgate is more natural. Theodoret (q. 10,) concludes, that the people imagined the mortality proceeded from some natural cause; (Calmet) otherwise it would have been very absurd to give such advice, as the ark would spread the contagion throughout the country, by being removed. From Geth it was sent to Accaron, when the magistrates of the city objected to its being admitted, ver. 10. Jospehus says, however, that it visited all the five principal cities, as if to punish them for their impiety. (Haydock)
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Menochius
Came upon, to punish, as on other occasions, to protect, Ezechiel 1:3., and 13:9. (Menochius)
Haydock
Parts. Literally, "Their lower intestines coming out, rotted," as [in] ver. 6. (Haydock)
Grotius
Hebrew, "their malady was concealed." (Grotius)
The emerods attacked them inwardly, with the most excruciating pains, for which they could find no remedy.
Calmet
Skins. The ancients knew no greater luxury. (Homer, Odyssey I., and iii.) The Hebrew, et., take no notice of this particular; and there are many other omissions in the Books of Kings, which have been supplied from the Septuagint. (Calmet)
Tirinus
The skins were used instead of breeches, and to hold up the plaster and other medicines. (Tirinus)
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Menochius
Die, at the sight of the ark, as the Bethsamites did afterwards. (Menochius)
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So sowne as Christs Gospel or Testament came among the Gentiles, al false goddes & idolatry fel downe. S. Beda. qq in 1. Reg. c. 3.
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The arke being a holie thing, as Reliques are, was terrible to their false god, the diuel, so the Reliques of S. Babilas ouerthrew the false god Apollo as •. Chrysost. testifieth at large. li. cont. Gentiles, 〈◊〉. 5.
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St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 Sermons on Selected Lessons of the New Testament 3.7
… And where doth He dwell, but in His temple? “For the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are.” Take heed therefore how thou dost receive God. “God is a Spirit, and must be worshipped in spirit and in truth.” Let the ark of testimony enter now into thy heart, if thou art so minded, and let Dagon fall.
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St Ephrem the Syrian † AD 373 Ephraim Syrus: Nineteen Hymns on the Nativity of Christ in the Flesh 3
… With the rib that was drawn out of Adam, the wicked one drew out the heart of Adam. There rose from the Rib a hidden power, which cut off Satan as Dagon: for in that Ark a book was hidden that cried and proclaimed concerning the Conqueror! There was then a mystery revealed, in that Dagon was brought low in his own place of refuge!
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Sulpicius Severus † AD 420 The Sacred History Of Sulpitius Severus 1.31
… But the image, dedicated to a demon, fell down when the ark was brought in there; and, on their setting the idol up again in its place, in the following night it was torn in pieces. Then mice, springing up throughout all the country, caused by their venomous bites the death of many thousand persons.
St Augustine of Hippo † AD 430 Expositions on the Book of Psalms 78.33
33. “And He smote His enemies in the hinder parts” ( ver. 66 ): those, to wit, who were rejoicing that they were able to take His Ark: for they were smitten in their back-parts.
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2. And they set it by Dagon, — their idol, or god, both that they might honor him with this gift, as St. Augustine says, book XVII of the City of God, chapter IV; and that they might offer to him as it were the noblest spoils of victory, as Josephus says, book VI, chapter 1. Theodoret and Procopius, as if to say: Behold our Dagon has conquered the God of the Hebrews, and has made us their conquerors. Let the ark of God therefore be placed beneath the feet of Dagon. You will ask, who and what manner of being was Dagon? I answer, he was the chief god of the Philistines. First, Giraldus thinks Dagon was Jupiter Aratrius, whom the Phoenicians worshipped as the inventor of grain and the plow, and therefore called Dagon from dagan, that is, grain. Others commonly derive Dagon from daga, that is, fish, because this idol had the form of a fish: for since the Philistines were dwellers by the sea and devoted themselves to fishing, they therefore made and worshipped Dagon, as it were the presider over fish and fishing. Moreover, this idol was indeed in the form of a fish, but mixed with a man. It was therefore composed of a man and a fish, so that the head and hands were those of a man, and the remaining members from the navel downward ended in a fish's tail. Furthermore, Josephus and others assert that Dagon is Derceto (whom others call Atergatis), or the Syrian goddess, who is believed by the Syrians to have been changed into a fish, and is therefore worshipped in the form of a fish. Tropologically, Philistine in Hebrew means the same as sprinkled or sprinkling, or bringing ruin: these are carnal, earthly and fleshly men, who worship Dagon, that is, Venus and the belly, of whom the Apostle speaks, Philippians III: Whose God is their belly.
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3. Behold Dagon lay prone upon the earth before the ark of the Lord,—as if cast down by it, subject to it, and adoring it. Note: God here avenges the injury done to the ark, that is, to Himself dwelling upon the ark, with a severe punishment, and that threefold. First, upon Dagon; second, upon the Philistines; third, upon the region itself, by sending mice.
5:4
4. But the head of Dagon and the two palms of his hands were cut off upon the threshold.—In the former plague of verse 3, Dagon was cast down from his seat and throne to the ground only: but when the Philistines restored him to his throne, he was punished more severely, namely in his head and hands, so that he lay like a trunk upon the pavement.
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5. For this cause the priests of Dagon, etc., do not tread upon the threshold.—Tropologically St. Gregory says: The priests of Dagon, he says, remain even to this day, because whoever sacrifices to the ancient enemy through unclean desires still exists. These indeed refuse to tread upon the threshold of the temple, because they neither resist unclean suggestions nor evil works.
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6. And he smote them.—He struck Azotus in the more secret part of the buttocks.—This was a disease of the belly and anus, so that their intestines rotted and protruded outward through the anus. Josephus, and from him Theodoret, Procopius, Dionysius, and Lyra call this disease dysentery. And mice were born.—This was the third plague of mice, which, as Josephus says, devoured gardens, fields, vineyards, and all crops, fruits and produce, as the plague of frogs did in Egypt, Exodus VIII. Moreover this disease raged through all the cities, villages and hamlets of the Philistines, as is evident from verse 6, and spared no rank, age or sex, nor could it be cured by any remedy (verse 9), and it lasted for seven months (chapter VI, verse 1). Symbolically Mendoza says: In the posterior parts, he says, the Philistines are struck, so that they are signified to be smitten in all their posterity, that is, not only in this life but also in the future; nor only in their bodies but also in their sons and grandsons.
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8. All the satraps,—that is, the prefects and princes: Satraps, says St. Thomas, lib. III De Regim. Princip. cap. XXII, are called as if well prepared for their office and for war, or as if well plundering, that is, despoiling subjects: this is an ingenious allusion and play of wit. For it is established that satraps is a Persian name, Esther III, 12; Daniel III, 2. Hence also Herodotus, lib. III, says that Darius king of the Persians divided Babylon into twenty-eight satrapies or prefectures. Let the ark be carried about.—The Gethites give this counsel, because they thought this calamity befell Azotus, not from the ark, but from the nature of the place, for example from infected and pestilent air, or from the malign influence of the stars. This was a wicked and faithless counsel of the Gethites, which God therefore turned back upon them and their destruction. Most excellently does Nazianzen say, oration 1 On his flight, near the end: God alone, he says, of all things is He who can neither be avoided by flight nor overcome, when He wishes to seize someone and bring him under His hand and power; He outstrips the swift, deceives the prudent, overthrows the strong, brings down the lofty, softens the bold, and presses down power.
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9. The hand of the Lord,—that is, the plague and stroke of God. And their protruding entrails rotted,—that is, their entrails or intestines and putrid viscera flowed out through the anus, as happened to Arius the heresiarch. And they made for themselves seats of skins.—This disease required soft seats: such are those of skins. Moreover Lyra, Dionysius, Cajetan, Mendoza and others take seats here properly; for they say they made these of skins, so that they might sit more softly. Moreover this was a fitting punishment for the sin of the Philistines; for because they themselves had restored their Dagon, cast down from the ark, from his throne and seat, to that throne, they were justly punished with a disease in that member by which they were accustomed to sit, so that they could not sit except in seats of skins, because they had denied the true God His throne of divinity, and had assigned it to their Dagon. And with a similar pain of the viscera was Antiochus punished for plundering the vessels of the temple, II Maccabees chapter IX. Rupertus and the Gloss give a third reason, namely that the Philistines were pederasts and practitioners of male intercourse, and therefore were punished in that member by which they had sinned. The Author of De Mirabil. Sacrae Scripturae, lib. II, cap. VII, gives another reason: Inasmuch as, he says, those who drew out the interior things of the tabernacle of the Lord, that is, the ark beyond its boundaries, are afflicted with a foul plague of their own interior things protruding outward. Moreover our Sanchez appropriately understands by seats, by metonymy, garments, for soothing the affected parts, and for containing the flowing viscera and poultices applied to them. For the Palestinians did not wear breeches. Seats therefore, he says, is taken for garments, that is, coverings of the buttocks, just as foot is taken for shoe, and body for the garment of the body.
5:12
12. A very grave hand of God. — Hand, that is, vengeance, striking, slaughter. Philo, in his Biblical Antiquities, assigns the number of the slain thus distinctly: Women having children in the womb seventy-five thousand. Children still infants and nursing sixty-five thousand. Women nursing and lactating fifty-five thousand. Men already adult twenty-five thousand. All collected together two hundred and twenty thousand. But this is not Philo, but Pseudo-Philo. Note: Upon Heli dying in his office, Samuel succeeded him, not in the priesthood Phinees or Ophni, as they were already slain, nor Ichabod as he was an infant; but Achitob, grandson of Heli through his son, as will be evident in chapter XIV, verse 3. Thus Mendoza.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
5:1
Ashdod (Hebrew: ʾAšdādh; Akkadian: Ašdādh; Greek: ʾAšdōr; modern: Esdūd)
ASHDOD (Hebrew: ʾAšdādh; Akkadian: Ašdādh; Greek: ʾAšdōr; modern: Esdūd). - One of the five Philistine cities (Josh. 13:3), which always remained such (1 Sam. 5:1-8). At 5 km from the Mediterranean, equidistant (55 km) between Gaza and Jaffa, on the road between Egypt and Syria, it had strategic and commercial importance. …
at Gaza (Judg. 16:23), at Ashdod (1 Sam. 5:1-7) in the time of the Judges and still in the time of the Maccabees (ca. 150 B.C., cf. 1 Macc. 10:83 ff.; 11:4). But the cult of D. in Palestine is older than the invasion of the Philistines, …
… From the Old Testament it is known that at Gaza and Ashdod the god Dagon was worshiped (v.; cf. Judg. 16:23; 1 Sam. 5:1-7; 1 Macc. 10:83 ff.); at Ashkelon the cult of Atargatis or Derketo was practiced, a more recent designation of the goddess Astarte (cf. 1 Sam. 31:10), and at Ekron that of Baal-zebub (Aram. …
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Geth (Hebrew Gath, Akkadian Gimtu, "Winepress")
… satrapies (Josh. 13:3). It had been the dwelling place of the Anakim and the Rephaim (v. GIANTS IN THE BIBLE): Josh. 11:22; 1 Sam. 17:4; 2 Sam. 21:19 ff.; 1 Chron. 20:6. It was punished for having kept the ark of Yahweh, which spread death there (1 Sam. 5:7-10; 6:17). David took refuge there twice when persecuted by Saul (1 Sam. 21:11-16; 27:2-11), with King Achish (v.).
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Accaron (Hebrew Egrān; Assyrian Amqarrāna)
Occupied by the Israelites, A. first marked the northwestern boundary of the tribe of Judah (Josh. 15:45), which had captured it (Judg. 1:18); but shortly afterward it was ceded to the neighboring tribe of Dan (Josh. 19:43). In the time of Samuel, A. was again in the power of the Philistines (I Sam. 5:10; 6:16 ff.; 17:52), under whom it remained during the period of the monarchy. …
5:11
1. King of Tyre (Heb. Hirām; Hirām in I Kings 5:24; Hirām in I Chron. 14:1 qērē), who at the time of the capture of Jerusalem sent David an embassy of homage, bearing cedar as a gift and accompanied by a group of craftsmen who "built a house for David" (I Sam. 5:11). When Solomon succeeded David, the Phoenician hastened to send a new legation to Jerusalem: from that circumstance onward Solomon began the negotiations, set out in I Kings 5, to …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.