843 articles
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English index · Indice italiano
Fiacchi, LuigiVol. V, p. 741 FIACCHI, LUIGI. - Priest, fabulist, known in Greek fashion as Clasio. Born at Scarperia di Mugello on 4 June 1754, died at Firenze on 25 May 1825. He taught…
Fiammingo, IlVol. V, p. 743 FIAMMINGO, IL: v. DU QUESNOY FRANÇOIS, detto il FIAMMINGO.
Fianarantsoa, Vicariate Apostolic of(FIANARANTSOA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. V, p. 743 FIANARANTSOA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE. — On the island of Madagascar; it was erected on 10 May 1913, with territory detached from the Apostolic Vicariate of…
Fiandino, AmbrogioVol. V, p. 744 FIANDINO, AMBROGIO : V. FIANDINO, AMBROGIO.
FibbiaVol. V, p. 744 FIBBIA : V. FORMALE. FIBULA. – The Latin term “f.” (in Greek περόνη, πάρτη, δαντή) denotes both the safety pin and the clasp or belt buckle. Archaeologists…
FibulaVol. V, p. 744 FIBULA – F. in the form of a bird in gold filigree à pomme. Merovingian art (6th century) – Paris, collection of Countess de Behaque. Circulation. Elementary…
Fichte, Immanuel HermannVol. V, p. 744 FICHTE, IMMANUEL HERMANN. - Thinker, b. at Jena on 18 July 1796, d. at Stuttgart on 8 Aug. 1879, son of Johann Gottlieb (v.), whose works he published. He…
Fichte, Johann GottliebVol. V, p. 744 FICHTE, JOHANN GOTTLIEB. – Philosopher, born on 19 May 1762 at Rammenau, a small village in Upper Lusatia, died in Berlin on 29 January 1814. Of precocious…
Ficino, MarsilioVol. V, p. 746 FICINO, MARSILIO. – Platonic philosopher and restorer of Platonism, born at Figline in Valdarno on 19 October 1433, to Ficino (abbreviation of Diotifece)…
Ficker, Kaspar Julius, vonVol. V, p. 748 FICKER, KASPAR JULIUS, von. — Jurist and historian, b. in Paderborn on 30 April 1826, d. in Innsbruck on 10 July 1902. He studied at Bonn, Münster, and Berlin,…
Ficoroni, Francesco de'Vol. V, p. 748 FICORONI, FRANCESCO de'. - Born in 1664 at Lugnano near Valmontone in Lazio, died in Rome on 1 February 1747, he was a scholar of antiquities and one of the…
Ficta (False), Music(FICTA (FALSA), MUSICA)Vol. V, p. 748 FICTA (FALSA), MUSICA. — The expression “musica falsa” certainly existed in the first half of the 13th century, since around 1250 the Pseudo-Aristotle…
Fidanza, GiovanniVol. V, p. 749 FIDANZA, GIOVANNI: v. BONAVENTURA, saint.
Fidati, Simone da Cascina, Blessed(FIDATI, SIMONE DA CASCIA, BEATO)Vol. V, p. 749 FIDATI, SIMONE da CASCIA, blessed. - Born at Cascia about 1295; he died, it is not known whether at Florence or at Rome, on 2 February 1348. A disciple of…
Fideicommissum(FEDECOMMESSO (FIDEICOMMISSUM))Vol. V, p. 671 FEDECOMMESSO (fideicommissum). — This is a disposition mortis causa by which an heir is instituted with the obligation of preserving and transmitting, wholly…
Fideism(FIDEISMO)Vol. V, p. 749 FIDEISMO. – A theory that exaggerates the importance and role of faith, diminishing or even rendering almost null the rights of reason, to the point of denying…
Fidelity(FEDELTÀ)Vol. V, p. 673 FEDELTÀ. – It derives from fides and has the meaning of serving fidem. It is a virtue closely akin to truthfulness, of which it may indeed be said to form a…
FidesVol. V, p. 753 FIDES. – Monthly journal of the “Pontifical Work for the Preservation of the Faith in Rome.” Founded in 1900, when the proselytizing activity of the various…
Fides International Agency(AGENZIA INTERNAZIONALE FIDES)Vol. I, p. 284 AGENZIA INTERNAZIONALE FIDES. — An organ of missionary information, established by the General Superior Council of the Pontifical Society for the Propagation…
Fieschi, NicolaVol. V, p. 753 FIESCHI, NICOLA. — Cardinal, of the branch of the counts of Lavagna, b. around 1456, d. 15 June 1524. He was a man of great virtue and integrity. He received…
Fieschi, SinibaldoVol. V, p. 753 FIESCHI, SINIBALDO: v. INNOCENZO IV, PAP.
Fieschi, TommasinaVol. V, p. 753 FIESCHI, TOMMASINA. – Mystic, born in Genoa around 1448, died at the Acquasola in 1534. A member of the noble F. family, she was probably a distant blood…
Figurism(FIGURISMO)Vol. V, p. 773 FIGURISMO. — A system of interpreting Sacred Scripture according to which the events and figures of the Bible would be prefigurations of events and personages…
Fiji(FIGI)Vol. V, p. 755 FIJI. – An archipelago of 250 islands (80 inhabited) in the South Pacific; Viti Levu and Vanua Levu are of volcanic origin, the others coral. The tropical,…
FilagatoVol. V, p. 774 FILAGATO: v. GIOVANNI XVI, ANTIPAPA.
Filangieri, GaetanoVol. V, p. 774 FILANGIERI, GAETANO. — Jurist, born in Naples on 22 August 1753, died at Vico Equense on 21 July 1788. He owes his fame, immense in his own time but now almost…
Filaret (Fedor), Nikitić Romanov, Patriarch of Moscow(FILARET (FEDOR), NIKITIĆ ROMANOV, PATRIARCA DI MOSCA)Vol. V, p. 775 FILARET (FEDOR), NIKITIĆ ROMANOV, patriarch of MOSCOW. — He was one of the boyars, or grandees, at the court of the last Rurikid, Teodoro (1584–98). Boris…
Filaret Gumilevskij(FILARETE GUMILEVSKIJ)Vol. V, p. 776 FILARETE GUMILEVSKIJ. – Archbishop of Černigov (1805–66), born Konobejevskij, called “humilevskij” from the Latin humilis, on account of his small stature and…
Filaret, Vasilij Michajlovič Drozdov, Metropolitan of Moscow(FILARETE, VASILIJ MICHAJLOVIĆ DROZDOV, METROPOLITA DI MOSCA)Vol. V, p. 775 FILARETE, VASILIJ MICHAJLOVIĆ DROZDOV, metropolitan of MOSCOW. — Born on 26 December 1782, died on 19 November 1867; he studied at Colomna and at the Lavra of…
FilareteVol. V, p. 775 FILARETE. — Antonio Averlino or Averulino, known as F., Italian sculptor and architect, b. in Florence around 1400, d. after 1465. The son of a woodcarving…
Filarete of Calabria, Saint(FILARETE DI CALABRIA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 775 FILARETE di CALABRIA, saint. — Basilian ascetic, born in Palermo in 1020 to Calabrian parents deported by the Saracens, died on 6 April 1070. His family…
Filargo, Pietro, Cardinal(FILARGO, PIETRO, CARDINALE)Vol. V, p. 776 FILARGO, PIETRO, cardinal: see ALESSANDRO V, ANTIPOPE.
Filastrius of Brescia(FILASTRIO DI BRESCIA)Vol. V, p. 776 FILASTRIO di BRESCIA. — Ecclesiastical writer of the fourth century, who died between 391 and 397. From the discourse delivered in his honor by his successor,…
Filea and Filoromo, Saints, Martyrs(FILEA E FILOROMO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. V, p. 776 FILEA AND FILOROMO, saints, martyrs. - Filea, while still young, held important civil offices; wealthy, learned, and influential, he later became bishop of…
Filelfo, FrancescoVol. V, p. 777 FILELFO, FRANCESCO — Autograph letter to Ottaviano Ubaldini, by which F. sends the Consolatio ad Jacobum Marcellum patricum Venetum... de obitu Volcrt filii…
Filiation(FILIAZIONE)Vol. V, p. 778 FILIAZIONE. - It is the juridical relationship between parents and children, or the relation of childship. At the basis of the relationship of f. in natural…
Filibert, Saint(FILIBERTO, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 778 FILIBERTO, saint. — Born in 616–20, died on 20 August 685. Apostle and patron of the Vendée. Of noble family, probably originally from Eauxe, he was educated…
Filicaja, Vincenzo Da(FILICAIA, VINCENZO DA)Vol. V, p. 778 FILICAIA, VINCENZO da. - Poet, b. in Firenze on 30 Dec. 1642. Educated by the Jesuits, he pursued studies in law at Pisa, cultivated philosophy and theology,…
Filigree(FILIGRANA)Vol. V, p. 779 FILIGRANA. — I. IN ART. — This name designates a goldsmith’s work made of gold or silver wires twisted together and often interwoven to form arabesques or…
FilioqueVol. V, p. 779 « FILIOQUE ». — A term introduced by the Latin Church into the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed, ordinarily recited at Holy Mass (« Et in Spiritum Sanctum...…
Filipepi, SandroVol. V, p. 780 FILIPEPI, SANDRO: v. BOTTICELLI, SANDRO.
Filipović, SimeoneVol. V, p. 780 FILIPOVIĆ, SIMEONE. — Franciscan, born in Seonica in Bosnia on 30 September 1732 to a very devout family, died at Ripatransone (Italy) on 9 May 1802. He…
FilippiVol. V, p. 782 FILIPPI. — The first city of Macedonia evangelized during the second apostolic journey by Paolo and Sila, joined on the way by Timoteo and Luca. The passage…
Filippi (Philippius), Pietro Paolo(FILIPPI (PHILIPPI[S]US), PIETRO PAOLO)Vol. V, p. 784 FILIPPI (Philippi[s]us), PIETRO PAOLO. - Dominican theologian from Castelnuovo di Garfagnana, d. rice and maize, intended for domestic consumption; sugar cane,…
FilippiniVol. V, p. 786 FILIPPINI: V. ISTITUTO DELL'ORATORIO DI S. FILIPPO NERI; ORATORIO. FILIPPO, priest attached to the monastery of S. Vito, improperly called an antipope: v.…
Filippucci, Alessandro Francesco SaverioVol. V, p. 798 FILIPPUCCI, ALESSANDRO FRANCESCO SAVERIO. - Jesuit missionary, born at Macerata on 5 Jan. 1632, died at Macao on 15 Aug. 1692. Admitted to the Roman novitiate…
Fillastre, GuillaumeVol. V, p. 799 FILLASTRE, GUILLAUME. — Born at La Suze (Maine) around 1348. He studied law, became a priest, and was a celebrated orator. Dean of Reims in 1392. He revealed…
Fillion, Louis-ClaudeVol. V, p. 800 FILLION, LOUIS-CLAUDE. — Exegete, born at St-Bonnet-de-Joux (Saône et Loire, France) on 25 June 1843, died at Issy on 12 December 1927. At the Seminary of…
Filocalo, Furio DionisioVol. V, p. 800 FILOCALO, FURIO DIONISIO. — A renowned calligrapher of the 4th century. His name appears at the head of the calendar with which the collection of the…
Filomarino, AscanioVol. V, p. 803 FILOMARINO, ASCANIO. - Archbishop of Naples, born in 1583, died in 1666. He found himself in bitter conflict with the Spanish viceroy, the Duke of Medina…
Filomarino, Francesco Maria Da NapoliVol. V, p. 804 FILOMARINO, FRANCESCO MARIA da NAPOLI. - Capuchin theologian and preacher, b. in Napoli in 1598, d. 7 March 1683. Of the princely Filomarino family (formerly…
Filomusi Guelfi, FrancescoVol. V, p. 804 FILOMUSI GUELFI, FRANCESCO. — Italian jurist and philosopher, b. at Tocco Casauria (Abruzzo) on 21 November 1842, d. there on 22 October 1922. Professor of…
Filopanti, QuiricoVol. V, p. 807 FILOPANTI, QUIRICO: v. BARILLI, GIUSEPPE.
Fina (Seraphina), Saint(FINA (SERAFINA), SANTS)Vol. V, p. 817 FINA (SERAFINA), saints. — Virgin, born at S. Gimignano (Tuscany) in 1238 to Cambio and Imperia; she lived in the world as a model of modesty and piety,…
Final Perseverance(PERSEVERANZA FINALE)Vol. IX, p. 730 FINAL PERSEVERANCE. — This denotes the continuation of the just person (that is, of one who is already in a state of sanctifying Grace and is by now adorned…
Finality In Human Activity(FINALITÀ NELL'ATTIVITÀ UMANA)Vol. V, p. 818 PURPOSIVENESS IN HUMAN ACTIVITY. — Purposiveness is one of the most universal characteristics of reality and is therefore also one of the most universal…
Finality, Finalism(FINALITÀ, FINALISMO)Vol. V, p. 817 FINALITY, FINALISM. — By f. is understood the correspondence that a natural process or any human act has with a certain result toward which the agent tends:…
Finalpia, Abbey Of Saint(FINALPIA, BADIA DI S)Vol. V, p. 820 FINALPIA, ABBEY of S. MARIA. - In Liguria, founded by Marquis Biagio Galeotto del Cavretto in 1477, near the sanctuary that preserved the venerated ancient…
Fini, TommasoVol. V, p. 827 FINI, TOMMASO: V. MASOLINO DA PANICALE.
Finiguerra, MasoVol. V, p. 827 FINIGUERRA, MASO. – Goldsmith, niello engraver, and draughtsman, b. in Florence in March 1426, d. there in Aug. 1464. A pupil of his father Antonio, he was…
Finite(FINITO)Vol. V, p. 827 FINITE. — That which has an end, that is, a “limit” in any order. A number is f. when it results from the repeated addition of the same unit; a quantity is f.,…
Finland(FINLANDIA)Vol. V, p. 828 FINLANDIA. — I. GEOGRAPHY. — The territory of F., larger than Italy (331,759 sq. km.), is roughly quadrilateral in shape, bounded by the Gulf of F. and the…
Finn, FrancisVol. V, p. 831 FINN, FRANCIS. - Jesuit, American novelist, b. at St. Louis (United States) on 4 Oct. 1859, d. at Cincinnati on 2 Nov. 1928. After a brief period of teaching…
Finnian Of Clonard (Finnian, Finlan, Findian), Saint(FINNIANO DI CLONARD (FINNIAN, FINLAN, FINDIAN), SANTO)Vol. V, p. 832 FINNIANO di CLONARD (FINNIAN, FINLAN, FINDIAN), saint. — Irish monk, born at Myshall (County Carlow) around 470, and died at Clonard in 549 or 522 (not to be…
Fintan (Findan), Saint(FINTAN (FINDAN), SANTO)Vol. V, p. 832 FINTAN (FINDAN), saint. – Benedictine, born in Leinster (Ireland) at the beginning of the ninth century, died at Rheinau in 878. Captured in a raid by the…
Fiorentini, Francesco MariaVol. V, p. 832 FIORENTINI, FRANCESCO MARIA. — Physician from Lucca, died in 1673. Passionate about historical studies, he produced an edition of the Martyrologium…
Fiorentino, FrancescoVol. V, p. 832 FIORENTINO, FRANCESCO. – Philosopher, born in Sambiase (Catanzaro) on 1 May 1834, died in Naples on 22 December 1884. He completed his first studies in his…
Fiorenzo Di LorenzoVol. V, p. 833 FIORENZO di LORENZO. — Painter, born in Perugia ca. 1445, died before 1525. Educated in the traditionalist Umbrian milieu whose most authoritative…
Fiorenzuola, Agnolo(FIRENZUOLA, AGNOLO)Vol. V, p. 850 FIRENZUOLA, AGNOLO. – Man of letters, born in Florence in 1493, died in Prato on 27 June 1543. A friend of Aretino, he subsequently became a Vallombrosan monk…
Firmian, Leopold Anton Eleutherius VonVol. V, p. 850 FIRMIAN, LEOPOLD ANTON ELEUTHERIUS VON. — Archbishop of Salzburg, born on 27 May 1679 in Munich, died on 22 October 1744 in Salzburg. Bishop of Lavant in 1718,…
Firmian, Leopold ErnstVol. V, p. 850 FIRMIAN, LEOPOLD ERNST. — Cardinal, born in Trento on 22 September 1708, died in Passau on 13 March 1783. Appointed bishop of Seckau, he was transferred to…
Firmicus Maternus(FIRMICO MATERNO)Vol. V, p. 850 FIRMICO MATERNO. — Latin writer of the fifth century A.D., under whose name there are a treatise on astrology, of pagan character, and a Christian apologetic…
Firmilian Of Caesarea(FIRMILIANO DI CESAREA)Vol. V, p. 851 FIRMILIANO of CESAREA. - One of the most eminent figures of the episcopate of his time, he was bishop of Cesarea in Cappadocia from 230. He maintained cordial…
Firrao, GiuseppeVol. V, p. 851 FIRRAO, GIUSEPPE. - Cardinal, b. in Napoli on 20 July 1736, d. there on 24 Jan. 1830. Namesake and relative of the Firrao (1669-1744) who played so great a…
First and Second Intention(INTENZIONE PRIMA E SECONDA)Vol. VII, p. 71 INTENZIONE PRIMA E SECONDA: v. LOGICA.
Firstborn(PRIMOGENITO)Vol. X, p. 41 PRIMOGENITO. — Every male who was the first offspring (Heb. bēkhār, synonymous with pēter rēhem, rendered exactly in the Vulgate as «qui aperit vulvam»),…
Firstfruits(PRIMIZIE)Vol. X, p. 41 PRIMIZIE (DIRITTO): v. DECIME; OBLAZIONI. PRIMIZIE. - The taking of the first fruits of the soil, sacred to the Lord like the firstborn, to be offered to the…
Fischart, JohannVol. V, p. 851 FISCHART, JOHANN. - Writer, born at Magonza (?) in 1546, died at Strasburgo in 1590. He was the most vigorous and independent German personality of the second…
Fischer Von Erlach, Johann Bernhard(FISCHER, ERLACH JOHANN BERNHARD VON)Vol. V, p. 851 FISCHER, ERLACH JOHANN BERNHARD von. — Architect, born in Graz in 1656, died in Vienna on 5 April 1723. He was the foremost of the Austrian architects of the…
Fischer, Engelbert LorentzVol. V, p. 851 FISCHER, ENGELBERT LORENTZ. – German philosopher and priest, born in Aschaffenburg on 12 October 1845, died as parish priest in Würzburg on 17 January 1923. In…
Fish(PESCE)Vol. IX, p. 763 FISH. – It is one of the oldest Christian symbols. In Greek, fish is called ΙΧΘΥC, and the letters composing the word form the acrostic ΙΧΟΧC ΧΡΙCΤΟC ΘΕΟΥ ΥΙΟC…
Fishacre, RichardVol. V, p. 851 FISHACRE, RICHARD. - Dominican theologian, d. 1248. He was the second master of his Order in Oxford and the first English Dominican to write a commentary on…
Fisher, IrvingVol. V, p. 852 FISHER, IRVING. – American economist, born at Sawgertes (New York) on 27 February 1867, died in New York on 29 April 1947. Professor of mathematics at Yale, in…
Fisher, John, Saint(FISHER, JOHN, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 852 FISHER, JOHN, saint: v. GIOVANNI FISHER, saint.
Fisherman(PESCATORE)Vol. IX, p. 762 FISHERMAN. — G. Christ said to the two fishermen Peter and Andrea: “Follow me and I will make you become fishers of men” (Mt. 4:19; Mk. 1:17; Lk. 5:10).…
Fishing and Hunting (Auceps, Venatio, Piscatio)(PESCA E CACCIA (AUCUPIUM, VENATIO, PISCATIO))Vol. IX, p. 760 PESCA e CACCIA (aucupium, venatio, piscatio). — They are arts of capturing game and aquatic animals which, living in their native freedom and therefore without…
Fishta, Gjergj(FISHTA, GIORGIO)Vol. V, p. 852 FISHTA, GIORGIO. - Albanian Franciscan and poet, born in Zadrima on 13 Oct. 1871, died in Scutari on 30 Dec. 1940. In Bosnia he attended courses in philosophy…
Fiume Maddalena, Apostolic Prefecture of(FIUME MADDALENA, PREFEITURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. V, p. 856 FIUME MADDALENA, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. — The mission is situated in the northwestern regions of the Republic of Colombia and encompasses the entire…
Fiume, Diocese of(FIUME, DIOCESANI DI)Vol. V, p. 856 FIUME, Diocese of. - A city in Venezia Giulia immediately subject [to the Holy See]. It has united to it the abbatial title of S. Giacomo de Abbatia. It has an…
Fiume, Diocese of(FIUME, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 857 FIUME, DIOCESI di - Arco Romano.
Fiume, Ignatius(FIUME, IONAZIO)Vol. V, p. 856 FIUME, IONAZIO. — Dominican bishop and polemicist, b. near Aversa in 1621, d. in Naples in May 1694. A religious in Naples, professor and finally regent of the…
Five-Year Faculties(FACOLTÀ QUINQUENNALI)Vol. V, p. 585 FACOLTÀ QUINQUENNALI: v. QUINQUENNALI, FACOLTÀ.
Fixed Ideas(IDEE FISSE)Vol. VI, p. 917 IDEE FISSE: v. PSICOSI OSSESSIVA.
