Judas and his brethren attack the enemies of their country, and deliver them that were distressed. Josephus and Azarius, attempting contrary to order to fight against their enemies, are defeated.
Iudas and his bretheren expugne their bordering enimies, 9. deliuer them that were distressed. 17. Simon prospereth in Galeley, 24. Iudas in Galaad, 45. taketh Ephron, and al returne safe into Ierusalem. 55. Iosephus and Azarias attempting ambiciously without order to fight against their enemies, are defeated. 63. And Iudas hath more victories.
1Now it came to pass, when the nations round about heard that the altar and the sanctuary were built up, as before, that they were exceeding angry.Ma tosto che le nazioni circonvicine ebbero inteso, come era stato riedificato come prima l'altare e il santuario, ne presero grande sdegno.AND it came to passe, as the Gentils round about heard that the altar was builded vp, & the sanctuarie as before, they were exceding angrie:Et factum est, ut audierunt gentes in circuitu quia ædificatum est altare et sanctuarium sicut prius, iratæ sunt valde: 2And they thought to destroy the generation of Jacob that were among them, and they began to kill some of the people, and to persecute them.E disegnarono di sterminare i figliuoli di Giacobbe, che si trovavan tra loro, e cominciarono a uccidere, e perseguitare quel popolo.and they thought to take away the stocke of Iacob, that were among them, & they began to kil of the people, and to persecute.et cogitabant tollere genus Jacob, qui erant inter eos, et cœperunt occidere de populo, et persequi. 3Then Judas fought against the children of Esau in Idumea, and them that were in Acrabathane: because they beset the Israelites round about, and he made a great slaughter of them.Ma Giuda debellava i figliuoli di Esaù nell'Idumea, e quelli che erano in Acrabatane, perché tenevano assediati gl'israeliti e ne fece gran macello.And Iudas fought against the children of Esau in Idumea, and them that were in Acrabathane: because they besette the Israelites round about, and he stroke them with a great plague.Et debellabat Judas filios Esau in Idumæa, et eos qui erant in Acrabathane, quia circumsedebant Israëlitas: et percussit eos plaga magna. 4And he remembered the malice of the children of Bean: who were a snare and a stumblingblock to the people, by lying in wait for them in the way.E si ricordò della malizia de' figliuoli di Bean, i quali erano come un laccio e inciampo pel popolo, a cui tendevano aguati nelle strade.And he remembred the malice of the children of Bean, which were to the people a snare and a scandal, lying in waite for them in the way.Et recordatus est malitiam filiorum Bean, qui erant populo in laqueum et in scandalum, insidiantes ei in via. 5And they were shut up by him in towers, and he set upon them, and devoted them to utter destruction, and burnt their towers with fire, and all that were in them.E li rinserrò nelle torri, e si accostò ad essi, e gli anatematizzò, e incendio le loro torri con tutti quelli che eran dentro.And they were shut vp by him in towres, & he came nere to them, & anathematized them, & burnt their towres with fyre, with al that were in them.Et conclusi sunt ab eo in turribus, et applicuit ad eos, et anathematizavit eos, et incendit turres eorum igni cum omnibus qui in eis erant.
6Then he passed over to the children of Ammon, where he found a mighty power, and much people, and Timotheus was their captain:E s'incamminò verso i figliuoli di Ammon, e trovò un esercito forte e numeroso di gente con Timoteo, che era lor condottiere:and he passed to the children of Ammon, and found a strong band, and a copious people, and Timothee their captaine:Et transivit ad filios Ammon, et invenit manum fortem, et populum copiosum, et Timotheum ducem ipsorum: 7And he fought many battles with them, and they were discomfited in their sight, and he smote them:E venne più volte alle mani con essi, e gli sconfisse, e ne fece macello.& he made manie battels with them, and they were discomfited in their sight, and he stroke them:et commisit cum eis prælia multa, et contriti sunt in conspectu eorum, et percussit eos: 8And he took the city of Gazer and her towns, and returned into Judea.E prese la città di Gazer e le terre dipendenti da essa, e se ne tornò nella Giudea.and he tooke Gazer the citie, & her daughters, and returned into Iewrie.et cepit Gazer civitatem et filias ejus, et reversus est in Judæam. 9And the Gentiles that were in Galaad, assembled themselves together against the Israelites that were in their quarters, to destroy them: and they fled into the fortress of Datheman.Ma le genti, che abitavano in Galaad si unirono contro gl'Israeliti, che erano nei loro paesi, per distruggerli: ma quelli si rifugiarono a Datheman, luogo forte.And the Gentils that are in Galaad, gathered together agaynst the Israelites, that were in their costs to dispatch them: and they fled into the fortresse of Batheman.Et congregatæ sunt gentes quæ sunt in Galaad adversus Israëlitas, qui erant in finibus eorum, ut tollerent eos: et fugerunt in Datheman munitionem. 10And they sent letters to Judas, and his brethren, saying: The heathens that are round about are gathered together against us to destroy us:E scrissero lettere a Giuda, e ai suoi fratelli, nelle quali dicevano: Si sono raunate le genti circonvicine per isterminarci;And they sent letters to Iudas, & his bretheren, saying: The heathen round about are gathered together against vs, to dispatch vs:Et miserunt litteras ad Judam et fratres ejus, dicentes: Congregatæ sunt adversum nos gentes per circuitum, ut nos auferant, 11And they are preparing to come, and to take the fortress into which we are fled: and Timotheus is the captain of their host.E si allestiscono per venire ad espugnare il luogo forte, dove ci siam rifugiati, e il loro condottiere è Timoteo.and they prepare to come, and to occupie the fortresse into which we are fled: and Timothee is the captayne of their host.et parant venire, et occupare munitionem, in quam confugimus: et Timotheus est dux exercitus eorum.
12Now therefore come, and deliver us out of their hands, for many of us are slain.Vieni adunque, e salvaci dalle mani di costoro, perocchè molti di noi sono periti.Now therfore come, & deliuer vs, out of their handes, because a multitude of vs is fallen.Nunc ergo veni, et eripe nos de manibus eorum, quia cecidit multitudo de nobis. 13And all our brethren that were in the places of Tubin, are killed: and they have carried away their wives, and their children, captives, and taken their spoils, and they have slain there almost a thousand men.E tutti i nostri fratelli, che erano nei luoghi di Tobia sono stati uccisi, e quelli hanno condotte in ischiavitù le loro mogli e i figliuoli, e prese le loro spoglie, e hanno messo a morte colà circa mille uomini.And al our bretheren, that were in the places of Tubin, are slaine: & they led away their wiues captiues, and the children, and the spoiles, and they haue slaine there almost a thousand men.Et omnes fratres nostri, qui erant in locis Tubin, interfecti sunt: et captivas duxerunt uxores eorum, et natos, et spolia, et peremerunt illic fere mille viros. 14And while they were yet reading these letters, behold there came other messengers out of Galilee with their garments rent, who related according to these words:Non era finita di leggere questa lettera, quando eccoti de' messi venuti dalla Galilea colle vesti stracciate, i quali portavano nuove simili a queste,And the epistles were yet in reading, and loe other messengers came our of Galilee their coates rent reporting according to these wordes:Et adhuc epistolæ legebantur, et ecce alii nuntii venerunt de Galilæa conscissis tunicis, nuntiantes secundum verba hæc: 15Saying, that they of Ptolemais, and of Tyre, and of Sidon, were assembled against them, and all Galilee is filled with strangers, in order to consume us.Dicendo, come quel di Tolemaida e di Tiro e di Sidone si erano uniti contro di loro, e tutta la Galilea e' piena di stranieri, che stanno per far fine di noi.saying that there were assembled against them from Ptolemais, and Tyre, and Sidon, and al Galilee is replenished with alienes, to consume vs.dicentes convenisse adversum se a Ptolemaida, et Tyro, et Sidone: et repleta est omnis Galilæa alienigenis, ut nos consumant. 16Now when Judas and the people heard these words, a great assembly met together to consider what they should do for their brethren that were in trouble, and were assaulted by them.Udite che ebbe Giuda e il popolo tali cose, si tenne un gran consiglio per vedere quello che avesse da farsi riguardo a quei toro fratelli, che erano in affanno, e oppressi da quella gente:And as Iudas and the people heard these wordes, a great assemblie assembled together to consider what they should doe for their bretheren, that were in tribulation, and were expugned of them.Ut audivit autem Judas et populus sermones istos, convenit ecclesia magna cogitare quid facerent fratribus suis, qui in tribulatione erant, et expugnabantur ab eis.
17And Judas said to Simon, his brother: Choose thee men, and go, and deliver thy brethren in Galilee: and I, and my brother Jonathan, will go into the country of Galaad:E Giuda disse a Simone suo fratello: Prendi un corpo di soldati, e va' nella Galilea a liberare i tuoi fratelli; e io col mio fratello Gionata anderemo nel paese di Galaad.And Iudas sayd to Simon his brother: Choose thee men, and goe, and deliuer thy bretheren in Galilee: and I, and my brother Ionathas wil goe into the countrie of Galaad.Dixitque Judas Simoni fratri suo: Elige tibi viros, et vade, et libera fratres tuos in Galilæa: ego autem et frater meus Jonathas ibimus in Galaaditim. 18And he left Joseph, the son of Zacharias, and Azarias, captains of the people, with the remnant of the army in Judea, to keep it:E lasciò Giuseppe figliuolo di Zaccaria e Azaria capi del popolo col resto dell'esercito a difendere la Giudea:And he left Ioseph the sonne of zacharie, and Azarias captaynes of the people with the residue of the armie in Iurie to keepe it:Et reliquit Josephum filium Zachariæ, et Azariam, duces populi, cum residuo exercitu in Judæa ad custodiam: 19And he commanded them, saying: Take ye the charge of this people; but make no war against the heathens, till we return.E intimò, e disse loro: Abbiate cara di questa gente, e non venite a battaglia contro le nazioni sino al nostro ritorno.and he commanded them, saying: Be ye ouer this people: & make no battel against the heathen, til we returne.et præcepit illis, dicens: Præestote populo huic: et nolite bellum committere adversum gentes, donec revertamur. 20Now three thousand men were allotted to Simon, to go into Galilee: and eight thousand to Judas, to go into the land of Galaad.E furon dati a Simone per sua parte tre mila uomini per andar nella Galilea, e ottomila a Giuda per andar nel paese di Galaad.And there were parted to Simon three thousand men, to goe into Galilee: but to Iudas eight thousand to goe into the countrie of Galaad.Et partiti sunt Simoni viri tria millia, ut iret in Galilæam: Judæ autem octo millia in Galaaditim. 21And Simon went into Galilee, and fought many battles with the heathens: and the heathens were discomfited before his face, and he pursued them even to the gate of Ptolemais.E Simone andò nella Galilea, e venne alle mani molte volte con quelle nazioni, ed ei le mise in rotta, e le inseguì sino alla porta di Tolemaida:And Simon went into Galilee, and made manie battels with the heathen: & the heathen were discomfited before his face, and he pursewed them euen to the gate of Ptolemais.Et abiit Simon in Galilæam, et commisit prælia multa cum gentibus: et contritæ sunt gentes a facie ejus, et persecutus est eos usque ad portam
22And there fell of the heathens almost three thousand men, and he took the spoils of them.E perirono di quelle genti circa tremila uomini, e si fece del bottino.And there fel of the heathen almost three thousand men, & he tooke the spoiles of them,Ptolemaidis: et ceciderunt de gentibus fere tria millia virorum. Et accepit spolia eorum, 23And he took with him those that were in Galilee and in Arbatis, with their wives, and children, and all that they had, and he brought them into Judea with great joy.E prese seco quelli che erano nella Galilea, e in Arbate colle loro mogli e figliuoli, e con tutto quel che aveano, e li menò con gran festa nella Giudea.and he toke them that were in Galilee & in Arbatis with their wiues, and children, & al thinges that they had, and he brought them into Iurie with great ioy.et assumpsit eos qui erant in Galilæa et in Arbatis, cum uxoribus, et natis, et omnibus quæ erant illis, et adduxit in Judæam cum lætitia magna. 24And Judas Machabeus, and Jonathan, his brother, passed over the Jordan, and went three days’ journey through the desert.Ma Giuda Maccabeo con Gionata suo fratello passarono il Giordano, e camminarono tre giorni pel deserto.And Iudas Machabeus, and Ionathas his brother passed ouer Iordan, and went three dayes iorney through the desert.Et Judas Machabæus, et Jonathas frater ejus, transierunt Jordanem, et abierunt viam trium dierum per desertum. 25And the Nabutheans met them, and received them in a peaceable manner, and told them all that happened to their brethren in the land of Galaad,E andarono incontro ad essi i Nabathei, i quali furono accolti con amore; ed essi raccontarono loro quello che era avvenuto ai loro fratelli nella terra di Galaad;And the Nabutheians mette them, and receiued them peaceably, and told them al thinges, that had happened to their bretheren in the countrie of Galaad,Et occurrerunt eis Nabuthæi, et susceperunt eos pacifice, et narraverunt eis omnia quæ acciderant fratribus eorum in Galaaditide, 26And that many of them were shut up in Barasa, and in Bosor, and in Alima, and in Casphor, and in Mageth, and in Carnaim; all these strong and great cities.E come molti di questi erano stati fatti prigioni in Barasa e in Bosor e in Alime e in Casphor e in Mageth e in Carnaim; tutte queste erano città grandi e forti.and that manie of them were comprehended in Barasa, and Bosor, and in Alimis, and in Casphor, and Mageth, and Carnaim, al these cities fensed, and great.et quia multi ex eis comprehensi sunt in Barasa, et Bosor, et in Alimis, et in Casphor, et Mageth, et Carnaim: hæ omnes civitates munitæ et magnæ.
27Yea, and that they were kept shut up in the rest of the cities of Galaad, and that they had appointed to bring their army on the morrow near to these cities, and to take them, and to destroy them all in one day.E come anche nelle altre città di Galaad erano tenuti rinchiusi, e come il dì seguente (i nemici) avean determinato di accostarsi coll'esercito a quelle città, e pigliarli, e sterminarli in un sol giorno.Yea and in the rest of the cities of Galaad they are held captiue, & on the morow they appoynted to remoue the armie nere to these cities, and to take them, & to dispatch them in one day.Sed et in ceteris civitatibus Galaaditidis tenentur comprehensi, et in crastinum constituerunt admovere exercitum civitatibus his, et comprehendere, et tollere eos in una die. 28Then Judas and his army suddenly turned their march into the desert, to Bosor, and took the city: and he slew every male by the edge of the sword, and took all their spoils, and burnt it with fire.Allora Giuda col suo esercito prese a un tratto la strada del deserto di Bosor, e si impadronì della città, e messe a fil di spada tutti i maschi, e datole il sacco la consumo colle fiamme.And Iudas turned, and his armie the way into Bosor sodenly, and tooke the citie: and he slew euerie male in the edge of the sword, and tooke al their spoiles, and burnt it with fire.Et convertit Judas et exercitus ejus viam in desertum Bosor repente, et occupavit civitatem: et occidit omnem masculum in ore gladii, et accepit omnia spolia eorum, et succendit eam igni. 29And they removed from thence by night, and went till they came to the fortress.E si partirono di là che era già notte per andare fino a quella fortezza.And they arose thence by night, and went euen to the fortresse.Et surrexerunt inde nocte, et ibant usque ad munitionem. 30And it came to pass that early in the morning, when they lifted up their eyes, behold there were people without number, carrying ladders and engines to take the fortress, and assault them.E all'apparire del giorno alzando gli occhi videro a un tratto una gran moltitudine, e senza numero, che portava scale e macchine per espugnare la fortezza, e far prigioni quelli che vi erano.And it came to passe early in the morning, when they had lifted vp their eyes, and behold much people, wherof there was no number, carying ladders, and engins, to take the fortresse, and they expugned them.Et factum est diluculo, cum elevassent oculos suos, ecce populus multus, cujus non erat numerus, portantes scalas et machinas ut comprehenderent munitionem, et expugnarent eos.
31And Judas saw that the fight was begun, and the cry of the battle went up to heaven like a trumpet, and a great cry out of the city:E Giuda vide, che era principiato l'attacco, e il rumore della battaglia andava al cielo, come il suono di una tromba, e grandi strilla dalla città:And Iudas saw that the battel began, and the crie of the battel ascended to heauen as a trumpet, and a great crie out of the citie:Et vidit Judas quia cœpit bellum, et clamor belli ascendit ad cælum sicut tuba, et clamor magnus de civitate: 32And he said to his host: Fight ye today for your brethren.Ed egli disse alla sua gente: Combattete questi oggi pe' vostri fratelli.and he sayd to his host: Fight ye to day for your bretheren.et dixit exercitui suo: Pugnate hodie pro fratribus vestris. 33And he came with three companies behind them, and they sounded their trumpets, and cried out in prayer.E andò di dietro a quelli con tre schiere, e dieder fiato alle trombe, e alzaron la voce pregando.And he came with three rankes behind them, and they cried out with trumpets, and cried in prayer.Et venit tribus ordinibus post eos, et exclamaverunt tubis, et clamaverunt in oratione. 34And the host of Timotheus understood that it was Machabeus, and they fled away before his face and they made a great slaughter of them, and there fell of them in that day almost eight thousand men.Ma i soldati di Timoteo riconobbero, che quegli era Maccabeo e fuggirono da lui, e ne fu fatto gran macello, e morirono in quel giorno circa otto mila uomini.And the campe of Timothee vnderstood that it was Machabeus, and they fled backe from his presence: and they stroke them with a great plague: and there fel of them in that day almost eight thousand men.Et cognoverunt castra Timothei quia Machabæus est, et refugerunt a facie ejus: et percusserunt eos plaga magna. Et ceciderunt ex eis in die illa fere octo millia virorum. 35And Judas turned aside to Maspha, and assaulted, and took it, and he slew every male thereof, and took the spoils thereof, and burnt it with fire.E Giuda piegò verso Maspha, e la espugnò e se ne impadronì; e uccise tutti i maschi, e saccheggiatala la incendiò.And Iudas turned aside into Maspha, and expugned, and tooke it, and he slew euerie male therof, and he tooke the spoiles therof, and burnt it with fyre.Et divertit Judas in Maspha, et expugnavit, et cepit eam: et occidit omnem masculum ejus, et sumpsit spolia ejus, et succendit eam igni. 36From thence he marched, and took Casbon, and Mageth, and Bosor, and the rest of the cities of Galaad.E di là tirando innanzi prese Casbon e Mageth e Bosor e le altre città di Galaad.From thence he marched, and tooke Casbon, and Mageth, and Bosor, and the rest of the cities of Galaad.Inde perrexit, et cepit Casbon, et Mageth, et Bosor, et reliquas civitates Galaaditidis.
37But after this Timotheus gathered another army, and camped over against Raphon, beyond the torrent.Dopo queste cose Timoteo mise insieme un altro esercito, e pose il campo dirimpetto a Raphon di là dal torrente.But after these wordes Timothee gathered an other armie, & camped against Raphon beyond the torrent.Post hæc autem verba congregavit Timotheus exercitum alium, et castra posuit contra Raphon trans torrentem. 38And Judas sent men to view the army: and they brought him word, saying: All the nations, that are round about us, are assembled unto him an army exceeding great:E Giuda mandò gente a riconoscere il nemico, e gli riportarono, e gli dissero: si sono unite con lui tutte le nazioni, che sono dintorno a noi, esercito infinito.And Iudas sent to vewe the armie: and they reported vnto him, saying: That al the nations, that are round about vs, are assembled against vs, an armie exceding great:Et misit Judas speculari exercitum: et renuntiaverunt ei, dicentes: Quia convenerunt ad eum omnes gentes quæ in circuitu nostro sunt, exercitus multus nimis: 39And they have hired the Arabians to help them, and they have pitched their tents beyond the torrent, ready to come to fight against thee. And Judas went to meet them.Ed hanno assoldati degli Arabi in loro aiuto, e sono accampati di là dal torrente, preparati per venire ad assalirli. Allora Giuda si mosse per incontrarli.and they haue hyred the Arabians to helpe them, and they haue camped beyond the torrent, being readie to come vnto thee into battel. And Iudas went to meete them.et Arabas conduxerunt in auxilium sibi, et castra posuerunt trans torrentem, parati ad te venire in prælium. Et abiit Judas obviam illis. 40And Timotheus said to the captains of his army: When Judas and his army come near the torrent of water, if he pass over unto us first, we shall not be able to withstand him: for he will certainly prevail over us.E Timoteo disse ai capi del suo esercito: Quando Giuda e il suo esercito si sarà accostato al torrente, se egli il primo passa verso di noi, noi non potrem sostenerlo, ed egli ci vincerà assolutamente.And Timothee sayd to the princes of his armie: When Iudas shal approch, and his armie to the torrent of water: if he passe ouer vnto vs first, we shal not be able to sustaine him: because preuayling he wil preuaile against vs.Et ait Timotheus principibus exercitus sui: Cum appropinquaverit Judas, et exercitus ejus, ad torrentem aquæ: si transierit ad nos prior, non poterimus sustinere eum, quia potens poterit adversum nos; 41But if he be afraid to pass over, and camp on the other side of the river, we will pass over to them, and shall prevail against him.Ma se egli avrà timor di passare, e si accamperà di là dal fiume, passiamolo noi, e avrem vittoria.but if he be afrayd to passe ouer, and campe without the riuer, let vs passe ouer to them, and we shal preuaile against him.si vero timuerit transire, et posuerit castra extra flumen, transfretamus ad eos, et poterimus adversus illum.
42Now when Judas came near the torrent of water, he set the scribes of the people by the torrent, and commanded them, saying: Suffer no man to stay behind: but let all come to the battle.Ma Giuda avvicinalosi al torrente pose gli scrivani del popolo lungo il torrente, e ordinò, e disse loro: Non permettete che uomo si fermi qui, ma tutti vengano alla battaglia.But as Iudas approched to the torrent of water, he set the scribes of the people by the torrent, and commanded them, saying: Leaue not a man: but let al come into the battel.Ut autem appropinquavit Judas ad torrentem aquæ, statuit scribas populi secus torrentem, et mandavit eis, dicens: Neminem hominem reliqueritis, sed veniant omnes in prælium. 43And he passed over to them first, and all the people after him, and all the heathens were discomfited before them, and they threw away their weapons, and fled to the temple that was in Carnaim.E passò egli il primo verso i nemici, e dietro a lui tutto il popolo e tutte quelle genti furon disfatte dinanzi a loro, e gettarono le armi, e fuggirono al tempio, che era in Carnairn.And he passed ouer to them first, and al the people after him, and al the heathen were discomfited at their presence, and they threw away their weapons, and fled to the temple, that was in Carnaim.Et transfretavit ad illos prior, et omnis populus post eum, et contritæ sunt omnes gentes a facie eorum, et projecerunt arma sua, et fugerunt ad fanum, quod erat in Carnaim. 44And he took that city, and the temple he burnt with fire, with all things that were therein: and Carnaim was subdued, and could not stand against the face of Judas.E Giuda prese la città, e diede fuoco al tempio, e a quanti vi eran dentro, e Carnaim fu desolata senza poter far resistenza a Giuda.And he tooke the citie itself, and the temple he burnt with fire, with al thinges that were therein: & Carnaim was subdewed, and could not stand against the face of Iudas.Et occupavit ipsam civitatem, et fanum succendit igni cum omnibus qui erant in ipso: et oppressa est Carnaim, et non potuit sustinere contra faciem Judæ. 45And Judas gathered together all the Israelites that were in the land of Galaad, from the least even to the greatest, and their wives and children, and an army exceeding great, to come into the land of Juda.E Giuda radunò tutti gl'Israeliti, che si trovavano nella terra di Galaad, grandi e piccoli, colle loro mogli e figliuoli formandone un grandissimo esercito per condurlo nella terra di Giuda.And Iudas gathered together al the Israelites, that were in the countrie of Galaad, from the least euen to the greatest, and their wiues, and children, and an armie exceding great, to come into the land of Iuda.Et congregavit Judas universos Israëlitas, qui erant in Galaaditide, a minimo usque ad maximum, et uxores eorum, et natos, et exercitum magnum valde, ut venirent in terram Juda.
46And they came as far as Ephron: now this was a great city, situate in the way, strongly fortified, and there was no means to turn from it on the right hand or on the left, but the way was through the midst of it.E giunsero ad Ephron, che e città grande posta all'imboccatura del paese, e forte assai, e non era possibile di schivarla andando a a destra, o a sinistra, ma si dovea passare pel mezzo di essa.And they came as far as Ephron, and this citie was great situate in the entrance, fenced excedingly, and there was no meanes to decline from it on the right hand or on the left, but the way was through the middes.Et venerunt usque Ephron: et hæc civitas magna in ingressu posita, munita valde, et non erat declinare ab ea dextera vel sinistra, sed per mediam iter erat. 47And they that were in the city shut themselves in, and stopped up the gates with stones: and Judas sent to them with peaceable words,E quelli che eran nella città vi si chiuser dentro, e murarono le porte con pietre; ma Giuda mandò a pregarli colle buone,And they that were in the citie, shut in themselues, and stopped the gates with stones: and Iudas sent to them in peaceable wordes,Et incluserunt se qui erant in civitate, et obstruxerunt portas lapidibus: et misit ad eos Judas verbis pacificis, 48Saying: Let us pass through your land, to go into our own country, and no man shall hurt you; we will only pass through on foot. But they would not open to them.Dicendo: Ci sia dato di passare pel vostro paese per andare alle nostre case, e nessuno vi farà danno; passeremo, e nulla più. Ma quelli non vollero aprire.saying: Let vs passe through your land, and goe into our countrie: and no man shal hurt you, onlie on foote we wil passe. And they would not open vnto themdicens: Transeamus per terram vestram, ut eamus in terram nostram: et nemo vobis nocebit, tantum pedibus transibimus. Et nolebant eis aperire. 49Then Judas commanded proclamation to be made in the camp, that they should make an assault, every man in the place where he was.E Giuda fece intimare a tutto l'esercito, che ciascuno andasse all'assalto dalla parte dove si trovava:And Iudas commanded proclamation to be made in the campe, that they should approch euerie man in the place wherein he was.Et præcepit Judas prædicare in castris, ut applicarent unusquisque in quo erat loco: 50And the men of the army drew near, and he assaulted that city all the day, and all the night; and the city was delivered into his hands:E i più valorosi andarono all'assalto, e la città fu battuta tutto quel di e tutto la notte; ed egli se ne impadronì:and the men of strength approched, and he assaulted that citie al the day, and al the night, and the citie was deliuered into his hand:et applicuerunt se viri virtutis, et oppugnavit civitatem illam tota die et tota nocte, et tradita est civitas in manu ejus:
51And they slew every male with the edge of the sword, and he razed the city, and took the spoils thereof, and passed through all the city over them that were slain.E fecer morire di spada tutti i maschi, e la distrussero avendola saccheggiata, e traversò tutta la città sopra i corpi morti.and they slew euerie male in the edge of the sword, and he rooted it vp, and tooke the spoiles therof, and passed through al the citie vpon the slaine.et peremerunt omnem masculum in ore gladii, et eradicavit eam, et accepit spolia ejus: et transivit per totam civitatem super interfectos. 52Then they passed over the Jordan to the great plain that is over against Bethsan.Indi passarono il Giordano nella gran pianura, che è dirimpetto a Bethsan.And they passed ouer Iordan in the great playne, against the face of Bethsan.Et transgressi sunt Jordanem in campo magno, contra faciem Bethsan. 53And Judas gathered together the hindmost, and he exhorted the people, all the way through, till they came into the land of Juda.E Giuda andava tenendo insieme le ultime file, e faceva animo al popolo per tutto il viaggio, fino a tanto che giunsero nella terra di Giuda.And Iudas gathered together the hin most, and he exhorted the people throughout al the way, til they came into the land of Iuda:Et erat Judas congregans extremos, et exhortabatur populum per totam viam, donec venirent in terram Juda: 54And they went up to mount Sion with joy and gladness, and offered holocausts, because not one of them was slain, till they had returned in peace.E salirono al monte di Sion con letizia e con gaudio, e offersero olocausti pel felice ritorno, senza che nissuno di essi fosse perito.and they went vp into mount Sion with ioy, and gladnes, & offered holocausts because none of them was fallen til they returned in peace.et ascenderunt in montem Sion cum lætitia, et gaudio, et obtulerunt holocausta, quod nemo ex eis cecidisset donec reverterentur in pace. 55Now in the days that Judas and Jonathan were in the land of Galaad, and Simon his brother in Galilee, before Ptolemais,Ma nel tempo che Giuda e Gionata erano nella terra di Galaad, e Simone suo fratello nella Galilea in faccia a Tolemaide,And in the dayes, that Iudas and Ionathas were in the land of Galaad, and Simon his brother in Galilee against the face of Prolomais,Et in diebus quibus erat Judas et Jonathas in terra Galaad, et Simon frater ejus in Galilæa contra faciem Ptolemaidis, 56Joseph, the son of Zacharias, and Azarias, captain of the soldiers, heard of the good success, and the battles that were fought,Giuseppe figliuolo di Zaccaria, e Azaria capo delle schiere ebbero notizia delle felici imprese e delle battaglie che erano avvenute,Ioseph the sonne of Zacharie heard, and Azarias, the princes of the band, the thinges wel atcheiued, and the battels that were made,audivit Josephus Zachariæ filius, et Azarias princeps virtutis, res bene gestas, et prælia quæ facta sunt, 57And he said: Let us also get us a name, and let us go fight against the Gentiles that are round about us.E disse: Illustriamo noi pure il nostro nome, e andiamo ad assalire le nazioni circonvicine.and he sayd: Let vs also make vs a name, and let vs goe fight against the heathen, that are round about vs.et dixit: Faciamus et ipsi nobis nomen, et eamus pugnare adversus gentes quæ in circuitu nostro sunt.
58And he gave charge to them that were in his army, and they went towards Jamnia.E ai soldati di quell'esercito diede ordine, che andassero verso Jamnia.And he commanded them that were in his armie, and they went to Iamnia.Et præcepit his qui erant in exercitu suo, et abierunt Jamniam. 59And Gorgias and his men went out of the city, to give them battle.Ma Gorgia colla sua gente usci fuori della città per incontrargli, e venire a battaglia.And Gorgias went forth out of the citie, and his men to meete them into battel.Et exivit Gorgias de civitate, et viri ejus obviam illis in pugnam. 60And Joseph and Azarias were put to flight, and were pursued unto the borders of Judea: and there fell on that day, of the people of Israel, about two thousand men, and there was a great overthrow of the people:E Giuseppe e Azaria furono rotti, e fuggirono fino ai confini della Giudea, e perirono quel giorno sino a due mila uomini del popolo d'Israele, e grande fu lo scompiglio del popolo:And Ioseph and Azarias were chased in flight euen vnto the borders of Iurie: and there fel that day of the people of Israel about two thousand men, and there was made a great tumult in the people:Et fugati sunt Josephus et Azarias usque in fines Judææ: et ceciderunt illo die de populo Israël ad duo millia viri, et facta est fuga magna in populo: 61Because they did not hearken to Judas and his brethren, thinking that they should do manfully.Perché essi non detter retta a Giuda e ai suoi fratelli, credendosi di far meraviglie.because they heard not Iudas, and his bretheren, thinking that they should doe manfully.quia non audierunt Judam, et fratres ejus, existimantes fortiter se facturos. 62But they were not of the seed of those men by whom salvation was brought to Israel.Ma e' non erano della stirpe di quegli uomini, per mezzo de' quali fu data salute ad Israele.But they were not of the seede of those men by whom saluation was made in Israel.Ipsi autem non erant de semine virorum illorum, per quos salus facta est in Israël. 63And the men of Juda were magnified exceedingly in the sight of all Israel, and of all the nations where their name was heard.Ma le schiere di Giuda erano in gran rinomanza presso tutto Israele, e presso tutte le genti, dove era rammentato il loro nome.And the men of Iuda were magnified excedingly in the sight of al Israel, and of al nations where their name was heardEt viri Juda magnificati sunt valde in conspectu omnis Israël, et gentium omnium ubi audiebatur nomen eorum.
64And the people assembled to them with joyful acclamations.E la gente andava a trovarli con liete acclamazioni.And they came together vnto them, with acclamations for their good successe.Et convenerunt ad eos fausta acclamantes. 65Then Judas and his brethren went forth and attacked the children of Esau, in the land towards the south, and he took Chebron and her towns: and he burnt the walls thereof, and the towers all round it.Ma Giuda si mosse coi suoi fratelli per soggiogare i figliuoli di Esaù nel paese, che è a mezzodì; ed espugnò Chebron e i luoghi adiacenti, e diede alle fiamme le mura e le torri, che circondavano quella città.And Iudas went out, and his bretheren, and they expugned the children of Esau in the land, that is toward the South, and they stroke Chebron, and her daughters: and the walles therof and the towres he burnt with fyre round about.Et exivit Judas et fratres ejus, et expugnabant filios Esau in terra quæ ad austrum est, et percussit Chebron et filias ejus: et muros ejus, et turres succendit igni in circuitu. 66And he removed his camp to go into the land of the aliens, and he went through Samaria.E levò il campo per andare nel paese degli stranieri, e scorse la Samaria.And he remoued the campe to goe into the land of the aliens, and he walked through Samaria.Et movit castra ut iret in terram alienigenarum, et perambulabat Samariam. 67In that day some priests fell in battle, while desiring to do manfully they went out unadvisedly to fight.In quel tempo morirono in guerra dei sacerdoti, mentre ambivano di far grandi cose, mentre senza prudenza entrano nella mischia.In that day fel the priests in battel, whiles they wil doe manfully, whiles they goe forth without counsel into battel.In die illa ceciderunt sacerdotes in bello, dum volunt fortiter facere, dum sine consilio exeunt in prælium. 68And Judas turned to Azotus, into the land of the strangers, and he threw down their altars, and he burnt the statues of their gods with fire: and he took the spoils of the cities, and returned into the land of Juda.Ma Giuda piegò verso Azoto nel paese degli stranieri, e atterrò i loro altari, e gettò alle fiamme le statue de' loro dei, e diede il sacco alle città, e se ne tornò nella terra di Giuda.And Iudas declined to Azotus into the land of the aliens, and he threw downe their altars, and the sculptils of their goddes he burnt with fyre: and he tooke the spoiles of the cities, and returned into the land of Iuda.Et declinavit Judas in Azotum in terram alienigenarum, et diruit aras eorum, et sculptilia deorum ipsorum succendit igni: et cepit spolia civitatum, et reversus est in terram Juda.
5:1
Calmet
Nations. They were always ready to oppress the Jews. Thus God punished or tried his people. (Calmet)
Worthington
Judas, or his brethren, here gains eight victories over them. (Worthington)
5:3
Idumea. Alexandrian manuscript has, "Judea." Both may be right. The country had been wrested from Juda by the Idumeans.
Acrabathane is "the ascent of scorpions," (hakrabim) which were probably numerous, to the south of the Dead Sea, Numbers 34:4., and Deuteronomy 8:15.
5:4
5:5
Calmet
Destruction. Sometimes the people were spared. All depended on the wording of the vow, Leviticus 27:28., and Numbers 21:1. See other particulars, 2 Machabees 10:16., to 23. (Calmet)
5:8
Year of the World 3481, Year before Christ 163.
Menochius
Gazer, in Ephraim. But Jazer, in the tribe of Gad, seems to be meant, as the Greek expresses it. (Menochius)
Worthington
Towns. Literally, "daughters," or dependant (Haydock) villages. (Worthington)
Afterwards Judas returned and defeated Timotheus, 2 Machabees 10:24.
5:9
Galaad. Most of the towns had been seized by the Ammonites, etc. After the return of the captives, they were probably driven out. They attempted to regain possession, when Epiphanes declared against the Jews.
Drusius
Datheman; Petra, (Calmet) or perhaps Rathma, Numbers 33:18. (Drusius)
5:11
Timotheus. Another of this name had been slain the preceding year, [the year of the world] 3840, at Gazara, 2 Machabees 10:37.
5:13
Calmet
Tubin, or Tob, to the south of Gad, Judges 11:3. (Calmet)
5:15
This part of Galilee was occupied by pagans, who were excited by Epiphanes to fall upon the Jews, 2 Machabees 6:8.
5:23
Arbatis. Arboth means "deserts" uncultivated, here probably denoting the valley of Jezrahel. Simon wisely concentrated the people, as Judas did in Galaad, ver. 45.
5:24
Year of the World 3481.
Desert; probably from Bethsan to Bosor, marching with all secrecy.
5:25
Nabutheans; descendants of Ismael's eldest son, whose capital was Petra. They continued friends to the Jews.
5:26
Bosor means a fortress. It is not wonderful that there should be many places of this name in Arabia, to defend the people from robbers.
Alima; Elim, or Almon, Isaias 15:8.
Calmet
Casphor, or rather Casbon, (ver. 36.) the famous Hesebon, Numbers 21:26. (Calmet)
Mageth, or Machati; (Grotius) though it seems too far off, Deuteronomy 3:14.
Haydock
Carnaim, "horns," being sacred to the moon, (Calmet) called Astaroth, Genesis 14:5. (Haydock)
Strabo styles it Carna.
5:29
Fortress of Datheman, ver. 9.
5:36
Bosor, or Bosra, ver. 26. Bosor was taken before, ver. 28.
5:37
Calmet
After. Judas had in the mean time defeated Lysias, 2 Machabees 11:1., etc. (Calmet)
Calmet
Raphon, or Raphana; (Grotius) or as that was too remote, probably Saphon, Numbers 32:35. (Calmet)
5:41
Calmet
Afraid. He interpreted the delay in this sense, which was very precarious, (Haydock) as nothing could be more superstitious. Jonathan begged for a similar proof of God's favour. But Timotheus consulted only himself, 1 Kings 14:9. (Calmet)
5:42
Menochius
Scribes; tribunes, who kept a register of the soldiers. (Menochius)
They were officers of great power.
5:44
Temple of Atergata, or Astarte. Judas slew 55,000. Timotheus was spared, 2 Machabees 12:20, 26.
5:46
Calmet
Ephron, beyond the Jordan [River]. The situation is unknown. With regard to the right which Judas had to treat it with such severity, see Numbers 20:18., and Judges 8:5. (Calmet)
Haydock
It probably belonged to God's people, and was unjustly detained. (Haydock)
5:52
Plain, extending beyond Jezrahel.
5:53
Calmet
Hindmost: the place of danger. (Calmet)
Worthington
A good general takes care of the weakest, and exhorts all to behave valiantly. (Worthington)
5:54
Haydock
Not one. The 12,000 who defeated the Madianites, were preserved by God in like manner, Numbers 31:49. (Haydock)
5:55
Year of the World 3841, Year before Christ 163.
5:56
Calmet
And Azarias. These two are known only for their disobedience and misconduct. In holy wars, God does not favour those who are actuated by base motives, ver. 18, 60. (Calmet)
Menochius
Men who depend on themselves, and who are not properly authorized, receive not assistance from above; so these failed, as they were not chosen like those who were to save Israel, (Worthington) of the family of the Machabees. (Menochius)
5:58
Calmet
Jamnia, a maritime city of the Philistines near Joppe. Gorgias, an experienced warrior, had retired thither, 1 Machabees 4:5., and 2 Machabees 8:9. (Calmet)
5:62
Haydock
Israel. The late Rev. Robert Bannister applied this to Protestant writers of sermons, to dissuade young divines from applying to such authors as Tillotson, etc. It may also shew the reason why heretics succeed so ill in their foreign missions. (Haydock)
Tertullian
They know how to pervert Catholics, not how to convert infidels. (Tertullian)
5:63
Haydock
Men. Greek, "man, Judas, and his brethren were," etc. (Haydock)
5:65
Year of the World 3841.
Chebron, or Hebron, which the Idumeans had seized. Judas retook it after he had defeated Gorgias, 2 Machabees 12:32.
5:66
Aliens; Philistines, ver. 68.
5:67
Haydock
Desiring. They were only too brave. This quality was not incompatible with the priesthood. Greek Alexandrian has, "while he (Judas) was desiring," etc. Others have, "priests of the cities, while they," etc. The Roman edition agrees with us, (Calmet) and Grabe prints accordingly. (Haydock)
5:1
In this chapter is mention of tenne battles in vvhich Iudas or his bretheren Ionathas and Simon vvere victors.
Q
5:3
The first against the Idumeans in A•rabathane.
5:4
The second against the Beanites.
5:5
vtterly destroyed.
5:6
The third against the Ammonites.
5:8
villages.
5:9
The fourth against the Galadites.
5:17
The fifth against the Galileans of the Gentiles.
5:44
The sixth against the Carnaimites.
5:46
The seuenth against the Ephronites.
5:48
Concordance Num. 20.
5:53
A good and pious captaine cherisheth and comforteth the vveake souldiars: and encoreged •l to shew their so•titude.
5:56
Men that presume of their ovvne strength without commission from lawful auctotitie, haue not Gods assistance, and so faylein their attemptes, as not called of God amongst those men, by vvhom saluation is made in Israel. v. 62.
5:65
The eight against the Idumeans, in Chebron.
5:66
The ninth against the Samaritanes.
5:68
The tenth against the Philistimes in Azotus.
5:4
5:5
5. And he anathematized them, — that is, he utterly destroyed and cut them off. For this is in Hebrew חרם cherem, that is, anathema, namely complete slaughter and destruction.
5:8
8. HE TOOK GAZER. — This was a city in the region of Ammon.
5:11
11. AND TIMOTHY IS THEIR LEADER. — Timothy was the leader of the Ammonites, who were perpetual and hostile enemies of the Jews.
5:19
19. AND HE COMMANDED THEM: BE RULERS OVER THIS PEOPLE, AND DO NOT COMMIT BATTLE (combat) AGAINST THE NATIONS UNTIL WE RETURN. — See here the prudence of Judas, by which he forbids those left behind to fight; both because they were inferior to the enemies, and because he had appointed them all to the custody of the people: for if they were slain, all was lost for the whole people. These, violating the command of Judas, clashed with the enemy, and therefore were slain by him, verse 56.
5:23
5:26
26. AND BECAUSE MANY OF THEM WERE TAKEN (that is, besieged and as it were captured are surrounded on all sides by enemies) IN BARASA, — In Greek in Bosra, and other cities of Galaad, so that they cannot go out, or their hands escape.
5:27
27. BUT ALSO IN THE OTHER CITIES OF GALAADITIS THEY ARE HELD TAKEN (that is, by the enemy hemmed in and shut up, as I said verse 26, whence it follows) AND ON THE MORROW THEY DETERMINED TO BRING THEIR ARMY AGAINST THESE CITIES, AND TO TAKE (that is, to storm and capture,) AND TO REMOVE THEM (that is, to kill their inhabitants) IN ONE DAY, — whence in Greek it is, On the morrow he determined to pitch camp against the fortifications, and to take, and to remove all these in one day.
5:28
28. AND JUDAS AND HIS ARMY TURNED THEIR WAY INTO THE DESERT OF BOSOR SUDDENLY, AND OCCUPIED IT, — because he overwhelmed the citizens unexpectedly and unprepared: Bosor was a city of Moab beyond the Jordan, situated in the tribe of Ruben, which Joshua gave to the Levites to dwell in, chapter xx, verse 8.
5:29
29. AND THEY ROSE UP THENCE BY NIGHT AND WENT UNTIL THE FORTIFICATION, — into which the timid Jews had fled, so that he might free them from the besieging and invading enemies.
5:30
30. AND IT CAME TO PASS AT DAYBREAK, WHEN THEY LIFTED UP THEIR EYES, BEHOLD A GREAT MULTITUDE OF PEOPLE (of enemies whose leader was Timothy) BEARING LADDERS AND ENGINES, THAT THEY MIGHT TAKE THE FORTIFICATION, — into which the Jews had fled, to whom Judas was going to bring aid.
5:31
31. AND A GREAT CRY FROM THE CITY; — for the citizens cried out together, so that they might sharpen one another to repel the enemies invading the fortification, and so that they might implore the help of God and their allies by crying out to heaven; the enemies likewise cried out with voices and trumpets, so that they might encourage one another to the assault. Whence Judas hearing these cries on both sides,
5:32
32. SAID TO HIS ARMY: FIGHT THIS DAY FOR YOUR BRETHREN, — besieged in the fortification, against the enemies invading it, so that you might free them from their hands.
5:33
33. AND THERE CAME THREE COMPANIES IN ORDER AFTER THEM (so that from three parts they might surround and attack them, lest they be able to escape, since on the other side the fortification of the Jews stood against them, so that they could not slip away,) AND THEY CRIED OUT WITH TRUMPETS (so that by this unexpected clamor of soldiers he might encourage his own men and strike terror into the enemies,) AND THEY CRIED OUT IN PRAYER, — beseeching God's aid and victory, which they also obtained. For God struck fear of Judas into the enemies and put them to flight; whence eight thousand of their men were slain by Judas, as is said in the following verse.
5:35
35. AND JUDAS TURNED ASIDE INTO MASPHA. — This was a city of the Moabites likewise in the tribe of Reuben, concerning which I Kings xxii, 3.
5:36
36. AND HE TOOK CASBON, — In Greek Casphor, as our author called it, verse 26.
5:37
37. BUT AFTER THESE WORDS TIMOTHY GATHERED TOGETHER ANOTHER ARMY, AND PITCHED HIS CAMP AGAINST RAPHON BEYOND THE TORRENT, — near to the city, which in verse 41 is called a river.
5:40
40. IF (JUDAS) SHALL PASS OVER TO US FIRST, WE SHALL NOT BE ABLE TO WITHSTAND HIM.
5:41
41. BUT IF HE SHALL FEAR TO PASS OVER, etc., WE SHALL PASS OVER TO THEM AND WE SHALL BE ABLE AGAINST HIM. — Some think that Timothy took this as an omen, and from it divined whether victory would be his or Judas's; just as Jonathan received the same omen of victory over the Philistines, and said: "If they say to us: Come up to us, let us go up, because the Lord hath delivered them into our hands," I Kings xiv, 12. It is more true that Timothy said this from military experience and conjectural presage. For experienced commanders of war explore the spirits of enemies, whether they are fearful or bold and confident of victory. For if they are fearful, they gather that they are weak and faint-hearted, and therefore can easily be overthrown; whence they attack and strike them down: but if they see them to be bold and confident, they conjecture that they are stronger, and so they withdraw themselves and flee lest they be slain by them. For the confidence of soldiers and the diffidence of enemies avails much toward victory. Thus St. Thomas, Sanchez, Serarius and others. Once when I was in Belgium, the Catholic citizens of Neomagi were in discord with the heretics, and on both sides battle lines were drawn up in the forum to fight; but the commander of the heretics asked for a parley with the Consul and commander of the Catholics, so that peace might be discussed. The Catholic Consul, taking the hand of the heretic commander, perceived it to be trembling: whence returning to his men: Come, said he, citizens, let us fight, the enemies fear and tremble, victory is ours: they fought, they conquered, and they drove the heretics from the city. Agesilaus, king of Sparta, most warlike, being asked what gift most adorned a commander of war, answered: "Boldness against enemies, and in an offered opportunity reason and counsel." Thus Stobaeus, sermon 52.
5:42
42. (Judas) appointed scribes, — who inscribed the names of soldiers in a catalog, so that they might see that no one remained behind the torrent, but that they might compel all to cross over, so that with all his forces attacking Timothy boldly he might strike him down; which indeed he did.
5:43
43. AND HE PASSED OVER TO THEM FIRST. — Judas, seeing his men fear the crossing of the river because of the multitude of enemies, himself crossed the river first, so that the rest might generously follow him as their leader. And so it came to pass. Wherefore by this boldness he struck terror into the enemies, put them to flight, they fell, were broken, as follows. Great commanders did the same, who in difficult matters, having attacked the matter first, encouraged soldiers to follow them by their example, and accomplished the deed. Thus Cato did among Lucan, book IX, entering the Libyan sands first, whence exhorting soldiers to follow him he said: I shall enter the sands first, and first shall place my steps in the dust. And soon after: Your fates and dangers shall be preceded by my peril. Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar did the same, as Suetonius testifies in his life, chapter lviii and following. That saying of Philip, father of Alexander, is well-known: "An army of deer led by a lion is more formidable than an army of lions led by a deer." And that of Albert, Duke of Austria, in Sylvius, book II On the Deeds of Alphonsus: "If you seek another commander than myself for the army against the Bohemians, you seek in vain to call me Duke of Austria. For he is truly a duke who leads the army, and whom the army follows fighting fiercely."
5:45
45. And he gathered together all the Israelites, — so that from Galaaditis, where they were surrounded by enemies, they might come with him into the land of Judah, and there dwell secure among the strongholds of the Jews, as I said concerning the Galileans, verse 23.
5:46
46. AND THEY CAME UNTO EPHRON, AND THIS WAS A GREAT CITY IN THE ENTRANCE, — that is, situated in the approach to Gilead. Ephron therefore was beyond the Jordan in the land of Gilead. These three names Ephraim, Ephrem and Ephron are distinguished. For Ephraim was a mountain of the tribe of Ephraim; Ephrem was a small town five miles distant from Bethel, facing toward the East, into which Christ fleeing from the Pharisees withdrew a little before his death, John xi, 54. Ephron was a city which Asa took from Israel by war, II Paralipomenon xiii, 19, afterwards a great village toward the North, twenty miles distant from Jerusalem; thus Adrichomius and others, although St. Jerome, in the places of the Hebrews, seems to say that Ephron is the same as Ephrem. Again Ephron was threefold: one in the tribe of Ephraim, of which I have already spoken; another in the tribe of Juda, as St. Jerome and Adrichomius say; a third in the tribe of Manasses, of which the matter here is. For this, says Adrichomius, in the Description of the tribe of Manasses, num. 48, was a great city and very strongly fortified, and equipped with many war machines and apparatus of weapons, situated on a public road not far from the Jordan, and almost opposite the city of Bethsan, or Scythopolis: which mountains on both sides so surround it, that passage is possible only through the city. Whence when Judas Maccabaeus led his army through here, and the passage through the city, which he had modestly requested through messengers, was denied to him, he was forced to open a way for himself by the sword.
5:52
52. And Judas was gathering the rearmost — of his army, namely the infirm, the weak, the fatigued, women, children, the aged; lest anyone should fail on the way, or following slowly should fall into the hands of the enemy. This was a remarkable providence and charity of Judas, that he might bring all his men back safe into Judea. And he exhorted the people throughout the whole way, — that they might go forward courageously, yet in such a way that he did not abandon the rearmost of the army.
5:56
56. JOSEPH THE SON OF ZACHARIAS AND AZARIAS THE PRINCE OF THE ARMY HEARD, — that is, the army left by Judas in Judea, that it might guard it in his absence, yet under this condition, that they should not engage with the enemy before his return, as was said in verses 18 and 19. Wherefore while these two wished to engage contrary to the command of Judas in his absence, they were beaten and put to flight. This was surely a just punishment of disobedience, as much as of pride, by which they themselves strove to gain fame and glory by fighting in the manner of Judas.
5:62
62. BUT THEY WERE NOT OF THE SEED OF THOSE MEN, BY WHOM SALVATION WAS WROUGHT IN ISRAEL, — that is, they were not of the seed of Mattathias and of his sons and followers, whom God had chosen as leaders of the holy war; and therefore He conferred upon them such great strength, vigor and victories. Wherefore when they separated themselves from Judas, nay, fought against his command, as rivals of his glory, abandoned by God, they were defeated and slain. Let anyone learn here not to thrust himself into battles and offices, but to await God's calling, and to follow it: for thus with God directing all things, everything will turn out prosperously; but if otherwise, with God abandoning them, it will turn out unhappily. Furthermore God chose Judas for this end, "that the nation (the faithful Church) might be defended from which salvation of the world was to come," says Rupertus lib. X, cap. xxv, namely that from Israel Christ the Savior of the world should be born.
5:63
63. AND THE MEN OF JUDA WERE GREATLY MAGNIFIED. — The men of Juda are called the soldiers of Judas Maccabaeus, who had accomplished such splendid deeds in Gilead, and were glorious with so many victories. Whence the Greek texts clearly have: And the man Judas and his brothers were glorified. Therefore some wrongly conclude from this that Judas Maccabaeus was descended from the tribe of Juda, when it is established that he was from the tribe of Levi.
5:65
65. AND HE SUBDUED THE SONS OF ESAU, — Judas, never resting like a thunderbolt, went about subduing the Idumeans, Samaritans, Philistines, and the other enemies of the Jews, and therefore with God directing him he triumphed over them with continual victories: Whence concerning them some centuries before the prophets Obadiah, Sophonias, and others had prophesied.
5:67
67. IN THAT DAY THE PRIESTS FELL IN BATTLE, WHILE THEY WISH TO ACT BRAVELY, AND WITHOUT COUNSEL (and direction of Judas their leader) THEY GO OUT TO BATTLE. — This was deserved by their rashness, ambition for glory and disobedience. Mariana and Sanchez think these priests to be Joseph and Azarias already mentioned in verse 56. More clearly others judge them to have been different men, who in the manner of those, eager for glory and rivals of Judas, rashly attacking the enemy were routed and slain by them.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
5:1
The A. killed the Jews dwelling among them in the time of the Maccabees, but were severely punished by Judas, who defeated their leader Timothy (1 Macc. 5:1-8; 2 Macc. 8:30), who was routed and killed (2 Macc. 10:24-37). Ptolemy, son-in-law and murderer (134 B.C.) of Simon Maccabeus, took refuge with the prince of the A., Zeno Cotylas (Fl. …
5:3
Aqrabbim (Hebrew Ma'aleh 'Aqrabbim "Ascent of Scorpions")
… Vulgate: Acrabathane; Judas Maccabeus defeated the Idumeans there (1 Macc. 5:3).
… The valiant Judas led his warriors into Idumea and against other neighbors (cf. I Macc. 5:3-6, 65; II Macc. 10:16), only to liberate or avenge the persecuted Yahwists. …
5:14
With the invasion of Tiglath-Pileser III it became an Assyrian province (2 Kings 15:20). The few Jews who, on the return from exile, had settled in G. were in 150 transferred by Simon Maccabeus to Judea (1 Macc. 5:14-25). Aristobulus I (104-105) forced the inhabitants to convert to Judaism (Fl. Josephus, Antip. …
5:15
… Destroyed in 302 by Ptolemy I, it was restored and embellished by Ptolemy II. Its inhabitants were hostile to the Jews (1 Macc. 5:15, 22; 2 Macc. 13:25); Jonathan, at first received with honors, was taken prisoner there
5:17
… king of the Amorites and by Og king of Bashan became part of the territory of Gad in the south and of Manasseh in the north (Deut. 3:12-13; Josh. 13:24-31). G. formed the Assyrian province of Transjordan while "Gileaditis" extended only into Bashan (I Macc. 5:17-36).
5:18
Azarias (Hebrew: 'Azaryah[û] «Yahweh helps»)
… Transgressing the prohibition against attacking the enemy, they wanted to conquer Jamnia; but Gorgias, in a sortie, defeated them, killing about 2,000 men (1 Macc. 5:18-19, 56-62); a tragic consequence of their disobedience and presumption (ibid. 5:61-62).
Zacharias (Heb. Zēhharjâh « Yahweh has remembered »)
… The name also occurs in Ezra 8:3, 11; 10:26; Neh. 11:4; Is. 8:2; I Macc. 5:18, 56. Angelo Penna
5:26
… residence of Og, king of Bashan (Josh. 9:10; 12:4). After the conquest of Canaan it was assigned to the tribe of Manasseh (13:31), then declared a Levitical city (1 Chron. 6:71). The Rephaim are defeated by Chedorlaomer at A. Qarnaim (Gen. 14:5); in 1 Macc. 5:26 and 43, only Qarnaim is mentioned.
… Its center was Astaroth (v.) and Qarnaim; other cities: Thersila or Tharse, Alima (I Mach. 5:26), Casbon (II Mach. 12:13 ff.), Delmundum, Newe, Pentacomias, Rafana or Raphon (I Mach. 5:37). Herod founded Bathyra (today Basir), settling there a Jewish colony originating from …
The B. captured and destroyed by Judas Maccabeus (1 Macc. 5:26, 28, 36) must not be a different one. In the versions and perhaps also in the Hebrew of Jer. 48:24, it is sometimes confused with the Moabite Bosra (v. BOSRA, 2). Cf.: A. Musil, Arabia …
… Bošrah), named in Jer. 48:24, which some identify with Barasa (1 Macc. 5:26), others with Bosor (v.).
5:37
… Its center was Astaroth (v.) and Qarnaim; other cities: Thersila or Tharse, Alima (I Mach. 5:26), Casbon (II Mach. 12:13 ff.), Delmundum, Newe, Pentacomias, Rafana or Raphon (I Mach. 5:37). Herod founded Bathyra (today Basir), settling there a Jewish colony originating from Babylon, against the incursions of the Trachonite Arabs (Fl. Josephus, Ant. …
5:47
… However, it was despoiled by Antiochus (v.) Epiphanes (175-164 B.C.) and profaned in various ways (I Mach. 1, 21-24; 5, 47-59; II Mach. 6, 5). It was purified by Judas Maccabeus. …
5:55
… Gorgias, on his return, did not dare give battle and withdrew to Jamnia, remaining at the head of that district (1 Macc. 3:38-4:25). Gorgias defeated Joseph and Azariah in their reckless attack on Jamnia (1 Macc. 5:55-62); but shortly afterward he was routed by Judas and nearly taken prisoner (2 Macc. 12:32-37).
5:58
Jamnia (Heb. Jāhnēl; Gr. Aixinā, Iaxnēl)
… Jähnel; Gk. Αἰξνά, Ιαξνήλ) - A city on the northern borders of Judea (Josh. 15:5), to be identified with Iabnia, a Philistine city dismantled by Uzziah (2 Chron. 26:6) and known in later times as I., when it was the base of the Syrian generals against Judah (1 Macc. 5:58; 10:69; 15:40); it was subdued by Alexander Jannaeus (Antiq. …
5:61
Azarias (Hebrew: 'Azaryah[û] «Yahweh helps»)
… Transgressing the prohibition against attacking the enemy, they wanted to conquer Jamnia; but Gorgias, in a sortie, defeated them, killing about 2,000 men (1 Macc. 5:18-19, 56-62); a tragic consequence of their disobedience and presumption (ibid. 5:61-62).
5:65
(Ez. 36:5; I Macc. 5:65). Around 300 B.C. eastern Idumea,
Hebron (Hebrew: Hebrōn «Union, league»; Septuagint: Χέβρων)
… Sam. 2:1-3:11; 5:1-5; I Kings 2:11; I Chron. 29:27). Absalom made it the center of the revolt against his father (II Sam. 15:7-10) and Rehoboam refortified it. During the exile it fell into the hands of the Edomites, from whom Judas Maccabeus retook it (I Macc. 5:65). In the Jewish war it was burned by Cerealis, Titus's lieutenant, and in the Byzantine period it had little importance. …
5:66
Shephelah (Heb. Haš-Šephēlāh "Lowland")
The Philistines move from their lands to occupy villages of the Shephelah (II Chron. 28:18; Zech. 7:7); the Syrian troops defeated by the Jews in the Shephelah take refuge in the cities of the coast and of Philistia (I Macc. 3:24; 4:45; 5:66, 68).
5:68
Ashdod (Hebrew: ʾAšdādh; Akkadian: Ašdādh; Greek: ʾAšdōr; modern: Esdūd)
… In 163 and 143 it was stormed by the Maccabees (1 Macc. 5:68) and destroyed (ibid. 10:77-84; 11:4). Under Roman rule, it was declared free by Pompey, and rebuilt in 55 B.C. by Gabinius, proconsul of Syria (Flavius Josephus, Antiq. …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.