ALESSANDRO II, PAPA. - When Pope Niccolò II died in Florence on 27 July 1061, the election of his successor could not take place until the following 1 October. It was held outside the walls of Rome according to the rules established by Niccolò II; and the man elected was the bishop of Lucca, Anselmo da Baggio, near Milan, who took the name of A. II. He had been an ardent supporter of the Pataria movement and a great friend of the house of Tuscany, and it is understandable that his election did not please the imperial party opposed to every reform. The Roman nobility, excluded from participation in the election,
hastened to send its legates to Germany to offer the young Enrico IV the insignia of the patriciate, by which, according to custom, he acquired the right to intervene in the election of the Pope in the name of the Roman people. A similar move was made by a group of bishops from northern Italy instigated by the chancellor Guiberto; consequently, at the end of October, at a diet in Basel, Enrico IV believed himself entitled to consider A.’s election invalid and to designate a new Pope in the person of Cadalo, bishop of Parma, who assumed the name of Onorio II. Cadalo’s money was not unrelated to this election. Meanwhile A. had entered Rome
