SALVIATI, FAMILY. — From Florence. The first of the S. family of whom there is certain memory is Cambio di Salvi, Standard-bearer of Justice in Florence in 1335, and his descendants held high office during the republican period. Francesco, enriched the Church from 14 October 1474, offended at not obtaining the see of Florence due to Lorenzo de’ Medici, took part in the Pazzi conspiracy and was killed in 1478. Alamanno married Caterina di Averardo de’ Medici and was the father of Giovanni; the son of this latter, Iacopo, husband of Lorenzo di Lorenzo de’ Medici, defended liberty in the session of 1530 and died in 1533. Of the sons of Iacopo, Maria married Giovanni delle Bande Nere and was the mother of Cosimo I; Giovanni was a cardinal; Bernardo (d. 1568), Bishop of Clermont, was created cardinal in 1561.
From another branch came Alamanno di Averardo, who was among the leading Florentines in the Savonarolan period and died in 1509. His daughter Maria married Francesco Guicciardini. In the 16th century there are also to be remembered Lorenzo (1540–89), member of the Accademia della Crusca, critic of Tasso, but a grammarian and expert in linguistic questions; Alessandro di Pietro, who defended Siena in 1544 and was put to death by Cosimo I; Lorenzo di Iacopo, who received the marquessate from Clement VIII and the ducal title from Urban VIII.