Ahias prophesieth the destruction of the family of Jeroboam. He dieth, and is succeeded by his son Nadab. The king of Egypt taketh and pillageth Jerusalem. Roboam dieth and his son Abiam succeedeth.
Ahias the prophet forsheweth the ruine of Hieroboams famili: 12. namely the death of his sonne, for whom being sick, the mother consulteth the prophet. 20. Hieroboam dieth, and his sonne Nadab reigneth. 21. Some also of the people of Iuda, committing idolatrie and other sinnes, 25. the King of Aegypt inuadeth and sacketh Hierusalem. 31. Roboam dieth and his sonne Abias reigneth.
1At that time Abia, the son of Jeroboam, fell sick.In quel tempo Abìa figliuolo di Geroboam si ammalò.AT that time Abia the sonne of Ieroboam was sicke.In tempore illo ægrotavit Abia filius Jeroboam. 2And Jeroboam said to his wife: Arise, and change thy dress, that thou be not known to be the wife of Jeroboam, and go to Silo, where Ahias, the prophet is, who told me that I should reign over this people.E Geroboam disse a sua moglie: Va, cambia di vestito, affinchè non sii riconosciuta per moglie di Geroboam, e va a Silo, dove è Ahia profeta, il quale mi predisse ch'io sarei stato re di questo popolo.And Ieroboam sayd to his wife: Arise, and change thy habite, that thou be not knowen to be the wife of Ieroboam, and goe into Silo, where Ahias the prophete is, which spake to me, that I should reigne ouer this people.Dixitque Jeroboam uxori suæ: Surge, et commuta habitum, ne cognoscaris quod sis uxor Jeroboam, et vade in Silo, ubi est Ahias propheta, qui locutus est mihi quod regnaturus essem super populum hunc. 3Take also with thee ten loaves, and cracknels, and a pot of honey, and go to him: for he will tell thee what will become of this child.Prendi ancora teco dieci pani, una torta, e un vaso di miele, e va a trovarlo; perocché egli ti dirà quello, che abbia da essere di questo fanciullo.Take also in thy hand ten loaues, and crackneles, and a vessel of honic, and goe to him: for he wil shew thee what shal happen to this childe.Tolle quoque in manu tua decem panes, et crustulam, et vas mellis, et vade ad illum: ipse enim indicabit tibi quid eventurum sit puero huic. 4Jeroboam’s wife did as he told her: and rising up, went to Silo, and came to the house of Ahias; but he could not see, for his eyes were dim by reason of his age.Fece la moglie di Geroboam quello, che egli le avea detto; e si partì, e andò a Silo, e giunse a casa ai Ahia. Or egli non potea vedere; perocché se gli era offuscata la vista per la vecchiezza.The wife of Ieroboam did as he had spoken: and rising vp went into Silo, and came into the house of Ahias: but he could not see, because his eies were dimme for age.Fecit ut dixerat, uxor Jeroboam: et consurgens abiit in Silo, et venit in domum Ahiæ: at ille non poterat videre, quia caligaverant oculi ejus præ senectute. 5And the Lord said to Ahias: Behold the wife of Jeroboam cometh in, to consult thee concerning her son, that is sick: thus and thus shalt thou speak to her. So when she was coming in, and made as if she were another woman,Ma il Signore disse ad Ahia: Ecco la moglie di Geroboam, la quale viene a consultarti riguardo al suo figliuolo, che è ammalato: tu le dirai questo, e questo. Mentre adunque ella entrava nascondendo il suo essere,And our Lord sayd to Ahias: Behold the wife of Ieroboam cometh in, to consult thee concerning her sonne that is sicke: thus and thus shalt thou speake to her. When she therfore entered in, and dissembled to be that she was,Dixit autem Dominus ad Ahiam: Ecce uxor Jeroboam ingreditur ut consulat te super filio suo qui ægrotat: hæc et hæc loqueris ei. Cum ergo illa intraret, et dissimularet se esse quæ erat, 6Ahias heard the sound of her feet, coming in at the door, and said: Come in, thou wife of Jeroboam: why dost thou feign thyself to be another? But I am sent to thee with heavy tidings.Sentì Ahia il rumor de' piedi di lei, che entrava nella porta, e disse Entra pure, moglie di Geroboam: per qual motivo ti fingi tutt'altra? or io son mandato a darti cattive nuove.Ahias heard the sound of her feete entring in at the doore, and sayd: Come in Ieroboams wife: Why doest thou fayne thy self to be an other woman? But I am sent to thee a heauie messenger.audivit Ahias sonitum pedum ejus introëuntis per ostium, et ait: Ingredere, uxor Jeroboam: quare aliam te esse simulas ? ego autem missus sum ad te durus nuntius.
7Go, and tell Jeroboam: Thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel: For as much as I exalted thee from among the people, and made thee prince over my people Israel;Va, e di' a Jeroboam: Queste cose dice il Signore Dio d'Israele: Io ti ho esaltato dalla turba del popolo, e ti ho fatto capo del popol mio d'Israele:Goe, and tel Ieroboam: Thus sayth our Lord the God of Israel: Because I haue exalted thee out of the middes of the people, and made thee prince ouer my people Israel:Vade, et dic Jeroboam: Hæc dicit Dominus Deus Israël: Quia exaltavi te de medio populi, et dedi te ducem super populum meum Israël, 8And rent the kingdom away from the house of David, and gave it to thee, and thou hast not been as my servant, David, who kept my commandments, and followed me with all his heart, doing that which was well pleasing in my sight:E ho spezzato il regno della casa di Davidde, e l'ho dato a te; ma tu non se' stato qual fu il mio servo Davidde, il quale osservò i miei comandamenti, e seguì me con tutto il cuor suo, facendo quello, che piaceva a me:and haue rent the kingdom of the house of Dauid, and geuen it to thee, and thou haft not beene as my seruant Dauid, who kept my commandementes, and folowed me in al his hatt, doing that which was wel liked in my sight:et scidi regnum domus David, et dedi illud tibi, et non fuisti sicut servus meus David, qui custodivit mandata mea, et secutus est me in toto corde suo, faciens quod placitum esset in conspectu meo: 9But hast done evil above all that were before thee, and hast made thee strange gods, and molten gods, to provoke me to anger, and hast cast me behind thy back:Ma tu hai fatto del male più di tutti quelli, che furono prima di te, e ti se' fatti degli dei stranieri, e di getto, per provocare il mio sdegno, e hai gettato me dietro alle tue spalle:but hast wrought euil aboue al, that haue beene before thee, and hast made thee strange and molten goddes, that thou mightest prouoke me to anger, and hast reiected me behind thy backe:sed operatus es mala super omnes qui fuerunt ante te, et fecisti tibi deos alienos et conflatiles, ut me ad iracundiam provocares, me autem projecisti post corpus tuum: 10Therefore, behold I will bring evils upon the house of Jeroboam, and will cut off from Jeroboam him that pisseth against the wall, and him that is shut up, and the last in Israel: and I will sweep away the remnant of the house of Jeroboam, as dung is swept away till all be clean.Per questo ecco, che io pioverò sciagure sopra la casa di Geroboam, e ucciderò della casa di Geroboam fino i cani, e i rinchiusi, e gli ultimi d'Israele; e spazzerò gli avanzi della casa di Geroboam, come suole spazzarsi lo sterco fino all'intera ripulitura.therfore behold I wil bring in euils vpon the house of Ieroboam, and wil strike of Ieroboam him that pysseth to the wal, and the inclosed, and the vilest in Israel: and I wil cleanse the remaynes of the house of Ieroboam, as dung is wont to be cleansed til al be pure.idcirco ecce ego inducam mala super domum Jeroboam, et percutiam de Jeroboam mingentem ad parietem, et clausum, et novissimum in Israël: et mundabo reliquias domus Jeroboam, sicut mundari solet fimus usque ad purum.
11Them that shall die of Jeroboam in the city, the dogs shall eat: and them that shall die in the field, the birds of the air shall devour: for the Lord hath spoken it.Quelli della casa di Geroboam, che morranno in città, saran mangiati da' cani: e quelli, che resteran morti in campagna, li divoreranno gli uccelli dell'aria; perocché il Signore ha parlato.They that shal die of Ieroboam in the citie, them the dogges shal eate: and they that shal die in the field, them the foules of the ayre shal deuoure: because our Lord hath spoken.Qui mortui fuerint de Jeroboam in civitate, comedent eos canes: qui autem mortui fuerint in agro, vorabunt eos aves cæli: quia Dominus locutus est. 12Arise thou, therefore, and go to thy house: and when thy feet shall be entering into the city, the child shall die,Tu pertanto parti, e vattene a casa tua, e in quel punto che tu porrai il piede in città, morrà il fanciullo,Thou therfore arise, and goe into thy house: and in the verie entrance of thy feete into the citie, the childe shal die,Tu igitur surge, et vade in domum tuam: et in ipso introitu pedum tuorum in urbem, morietur puer, 13And all Israel shall mourn for him, and shall bury him: for he only of Jeroboam shall be laid in a sepulchre, because in his regard there is found a good word from the Lord, the God of Israel, in the house of Jeroboam.E tutto Israele lo piangerà, e gli darà sepoltura; imperocché questi è il solo della stirpe di Geroboam, che sarà messo nel sepolcro, perchè in lui il Signore Dio d'Israele ha trovato del bene in casa di Geroboam.and al Israel shal mourne for him, and shal burie him: for this onlie of Ieroboam shal be brought into the sepulchre, because vpon him hath beene found a good word from our Lord the God of Israel, in the house of Ieroboam.et planget eum omnis Israël, et sepeliet: iste enim solus inferetur de Jeroboam in sepulchrum, quia inventus est super eo sermo bonus a Domino Deo Israël in domo Jeroboam. 14And the Lord hath appointed himself a king over Israel, who shall cut off the house of Jeroboam in this day, and in this time:Or il Signore si è eletto un re per Israele, il quale sterminerà la casa di Geroboam in questo dì, e in questo tempo:And our Lord wil appoynt to him self a king ouer Israel, that shal strike the house of Ieroboam in this day, and in this time:Constituet autem sibi Dominus regem super Israël, qui percutiet domum Jeroboam in hac die, et in hoc tempore: 15And the Lord God shall strike Israel as a reed is shaken in the water: and he shall root up Israel out of this good land, which he gave to their fathers, and shall scatter them beyond the river: because they have made to themselves groves, to provoke the Lord.E il Signore Dio sconvolgerà Israele, come una canna è agitata dalle acque, ed estirperà Israele da questa buona terra data da lui ai padri loro, e gli sperpera oltre il fiume, perchè hanno dedicati dei boschetti, per irritare il Signore.and our Lord the God of Israel shal strike it, as a reede is went to be moued in the water: and he shal plucke out Israel from this good countrie, which he gaue to their fathers, and shal scatter them ouer the Riuer: because they haue made to them selues groues, to prouoke our Lord.et percutiet Dominus Deus Israël, sicut moveri solet arundo in aqua: et evellet Israël de terra bona hac, quam dedit patribus eorum, et ventilabit eos trans flumen: quia fecerunt sibi lucos, ut irritarent Dominum.
16And the Lord shall give up Israel for the sins of Jeroboam, who hath sinned, and made Israel to sin.E il Signore lascerà in abbandono Israele pei peccati di Geroboam, il quale peccò, e fece peccare Israele.And our Lord shal deliuer Israel for the sinnes of Ieroboam, who hath sinned, & made Israel to sinne.Et tradet Dominus Israël propter peccata Jeroboam, qui peccavit, et peccare fecit Israël. 17And the wife of Jeroboam arose, and departed, and came to Thersa: and when she was coming in to the threshold of the house, the child died,Si partì adunque la moglie di Geroboam, e se n'andò a Thersa, e mentre ella metteva il piede sulla soglia di casa, il fanciullo morì,The wife therfore of Ieroboam arose, and departed, and came into Thersa: and when she entered the threshold of the house, the childe died,Surrexit itaque uxor Jeroboam, et abiit, et venit in Thersa: cumque illa ingrederetur limen domus, puer mortuus est, 18And they buried him. And all Israel mourned for him, according to the word of the Lord, which he spoke by the hand of his servant Ahias, the prophet.E lo seppellirono: e tutto Israele le pianse secondo la parola detta dal Signore per bocca di Ahia profeta suo servo.and they buried him. And al Israel mourned for him according to the word of our Lord, which he spake in the hand of his seruant Ahias the prophete.et sepelierunt eum. Et planxit eum omnis Israël juxta sermonem Domini, quem locutus est in manu servi sui Ahiæ prophetæ. 19And the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, how he fought, and how he reigned, behold they are written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Israel.Il resto poi delle azioni di Geroboam, e le sue guerre, e in qual modo ei regnasse, tutte queste cose sono scritti nel Giornale dei re d'Israele.But the rest of the wordes of Ieroboam, how he fought, and how he reigned, behold they are written in the Booke of the wordes of the daies of the kinges of Israel.Reliqua autem verborum Jeroboam, quomodo pugnaverit, et quomodo regnaverit, ecce scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Israël. 20And the days that Jeroboam reigned, were two and twenty years: and he slept with his fathers: and Nadab, his son, reigned in his stead.E la durata del regno di Geroboam, fu di ventidue anni; e si addormentò co' padri suoi: e gli succedette nel regno Nadab suo figliuolo.And the daies, that Ieroboam reigned, are two and twentie yeares: and he slept with his fathers: and Nadab his sonne reigned for him.Dies autem quibus regnavit Jeroboam, viginti duo anni sunt: et dormivit cum patribus suis, regnavitque Nadab filius ejus pro eo.
21And Roboam, the son of Solomon, reigned in Juda: Roboam was one and forty years old when he began to reign: and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the Lord chose out of all the tribes of Israel to put his name there. And his mother’s name was Naama, an Ammonitess.Roboamo poi figliuolo di Salomone regnò in Giuda. Quarant'un anno avea Roboamo, quando cominciò a regnare: e regnò diciassette anni in Gerusalemme città eletta dal Signore tra tutte le tribù d'Israele, per istabilirvi il suo nome. La madre sua chiamavasi Naama, ed era Ammonita.Moreouer Roboam the sonne of Salomon reigned in Iuda: one and fourtie yeares old was Roboam when he began to reigne: seuentene yeares reigned he in Ierusalem the citie, which our Lord chose to put his name there, of al the tribes of Israel. And his mothers name was Naama an Ammonite.Porro Roboam filius Salomonis regnavit in Juda. Quadraginta et unius anni erat Roboam cum regnare cœpisset: decem et septem annos regnavit in Jerusalem civitate, quam elegit Dominus ut poneret nomen suum ibi, ex omnibus tribubus Israël. Nomen autem matris ejus Naama Ammanitis. 22And Juda did evil in the sight of the Lord, and provoked him above all that their fathers had done, in their sins which they committed.E Giuda fece il male al cospetto del Signore, ed essi lo irritarono più di quello, che avesser fatto con tutte le loro male opere i padri loro.And Iudas did euil before our Lord, and prouoked him aboue al thinges, that their fathers had done, in their sinnes which they sinned.Et fecit Judas malum coram Domino, et irritaverunt eum super omnibus quæ fecerant patres eorum in peccatis suis quæ peccaverunt. 23For they also built them altars, and statues, and groves, upon every high hill, and under every green tree:Perocché eglino pure si eressero altari, e statue, e boschetti sopra tutte le alte colline, e sotto ogni albero ombroso.For they also built them altars, and statues, and groues vpon euerie high hil, and vnder euerie tree ful of grene leaues:Ædificaverunt enim et ipsi sibi aras, et statuas, et lucos super omnem collem excelsum, et subter omnem arborem frondosam: 24There were also the effeminate in the land, and they did according to all the abominations of the people, whom the Lord had destroyed before the face of the children of Israel.E oltre a questo eranvi nel paese dei giovani effeminati, i quali, rinnovellarono tutte le abominazioni delle genti, le quali il Signore distrusse all'arrivo de' figliuoli d'Israele.yea and effeminates were in the land, and they did al the abominations of the gentiles, which our Lord destroyed before the face of the children of Israel.sed et effeminati fuerunt in terra, feceruntue omnes abominationes gentium quas attrivit Dominus ante faciem filiorum Israël.
25And in the fifth year of the reign of Roboam, Sesac, king of Egypt, came up against Jerusalem.Or l'anno quinto del regno di Roboamo, Sesac re d'Egitto venne a Gerusalemme.And in the fifth yeare of the reigne of Roboam, Sesac the king of Aegypt came vp into Ierusalem,In quinto autem anno regni Roboam, ascendit Sesac rex Ægypti in Jerusalem, 26And he took away the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the king’s treasures, and carried all off: as also the shields of gold which Solomon had made:E portò via i tesori della casa del Signore, e i tesori del re, e depredò ogni cosa, e fino gli scudi d'oro fatti da Salomone:and tooke the treasures of the house of our Lord, and the kinges treasures, and al thinges he spoyled: the shieldes also of gold, which Salomon had made:et tulit thesauros domus Domini, et thesauros regios, et universa diripuit: scuta quoque aurea, quæ fecerat Salomon: 27And Roboam made shields of brass instead of them, and delivered them into the hand of the captains of the shieldbearers, and of them that kept watch before the gate of the king’s house.In vece de' quali il re Roboamo fece degli scudi di bronzo, e li pose nelle mani dei capitani delle guardie, e di quelli, che facevano sentinella dinanzi alla porta della casa del re.for the which Roboam made brasen shieldes, & deliuered them into the hand of the captaynes of shield bearers, and of them that kept watch before the doore of the kinges house.pro quibus fecit rex Roboam scuta ærea, et tradidit ea in manum ducum scutariorum, et eorum qui excubabant ante ostium domus regis. 28And when the king went into the house of the Lord, they whose office it was to go before him, carried them: and afterwards they brought them back to the armoury of the shieldbearers.E quando il re entrava nella casa del Signore, li portavano quelli, che dovean precederlo; e poi li riportavano all'arsenale delle guardie.And when the king went into the house of our Lord, they that had the office to goe before, caried them: and afterward they recaried them to the armourie of the shield bearers.Cumque ingrederetur rex in domum Domini, portabant ea qui præeundi habebant officium: et postea reportabant ad armamentarium scutariorum. 29Now the rest of the acts of Roboam, and all that he did, behold they are written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Juda.Il resto poi delle azioni di Roboamo, e tutto quello, ch'ei fece, sta scritto nel Giornale delle cose dei re di Giuda.And the rest of the wordes of Roboam, & al that he did, behold they are written in the Booke of the wordes of the daies of the kinges of Iuda.Reliqua autem sermonum Roboam, et omnia quæ fecit, ecce scripta sunt in libro sermonum dierum regum Juda.
30And there was war between Roboam and Jeroboam always.E fu guerra continua tra Roboamo, e Geroboam.And there was warre betwen Roboam and Ieroboam alwaies.Fuitque bellum inter Roboam et Jeroboam cunctis diebus. 31And Roboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with them, in the city of David: and his mother’s name was Naama, an Ammonitess: and Abiam, his son, reigned in his stead.E Roboamo si addormentò co' padri suoi, e fu con essi sepolto nella città di Davidde: il nome poi di sua madre fu Naama, ed ella era Ammonita. E il suo figliuolo Abiam fu suo successore nel regno.And Roboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with them in the citie of Dauid: and his mothers name was Naama an Ammonite: and Abias his sonne reigned for him.Dormivitque Roboam cum patribus suis, et sepultus est cum eis in civitate David: nomen autem matris ejus Naama Ammanitis: et regnavit Abiam filius ejus pro eo.
14:1
Calmet
At. The Septuagint omit the 20 verses following. But Grabe's edition has them marked with asterisks, (Haydock) as being supplied from Theodotion, etc. The Vatican copy gives a great part, with some circumstances which occur no where else, 3 Kings 12:24. (Calmet)
Haydock
The wife of Jeroboam is there called Ano, (Menochius) the elder sister of the queen of Egypt, Thekemina. See 3 Kings 11:19; where Adad marries another sister. (Haydock)
St. Chrysostom
Time. This expression does not determine the year. (St. Chrysostom, etc.)
Calmet
The passage in the Vatican Septuagint seems to place this death before Jeroboam ascended the throne: but it took place rather at the end of his reign, ver. 14. Abia seems to have been his eldest son, and fit for command; so that the people mourn for him, which they would hardly have done for an infant. (Calmet)
14:2
Menochius
Dress. As if the prophet, who could dive into futurity, could be thus imposed upon. Jeroboam was aware that he would be full of indignation at the changes which had been introduced. He might also fear, lest his wife might be exposed to danger in (Calmet) or near (Haydock) the enemy's country, (Calmet) and the people would have been more convinced of the vanity of their idols, if they had seen that it was necessary to have recourse to a prophet of the true God. (Menochius)
The mother might ask without the least suspicion, "Will my son recover?"
Tirinus
Silo might still be attached to the service of God, in consequence of the ark residing there so long, and the presence of the revered Ahias; so that, if it formed a part of the dominions of Israel, (Tirinus) as it was in the tribe of Ephraim, though nearer Jerusalem than Sichem, (Calmet) Jeroboam might reasonably fear lest his wife should be treated with indignity. (Tirinus)
14:3
Calmet
Cracknels. Hebrew nikkudim, "cakes full of holes," etc., Josue 9:12. (Calmet)
Calmet
Septuagint give a double translation, "cakes and raisins." Arabic, "fruits." Syriac adds "dried." It was customary to make presents to the prophets, 1 Kings 9:7. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
But these were mean, that the woman might not be known. (Du Hamel)
14:4
Calmet
Dim. Hebrew, "swelled," etc. (Calmet)
Haydock
Septuagint inform us that the prophet was 60 years old. (Haydock)
14:6
Calmet
Tidings. Hebrew, "I am a hard messenger to thee." (Calmet)
14:9
Challoner
Strange gods; that is, foreign gods: which expression destroys the opinion of those who imagine that Jeroboam designed by his calves to worship the Lord God of Israel. (Challoner)
Back. Literally, "body."
14:10
Haydock
Wall. Every male child, or every dog. See 1 Kings 25:22. (Haydock)
The Hebrew word mashtin, in Spanish and French, signifies a "shepherd's dog."
Menochius
Israel. This proverbial expression signifies, that even those who keep at home, and meddle not with the affairs of war, will not escape; (Calmet) nor shall those who have run away from the field of battle, (Haydock) nor the most precious or contemptible things be spared, Deuteronomy 32:36., and 4 Kings 14:26. (Menochius)
Clean. This family is compared to something most disgusting, (Haydock) because it had introduced idolatry, and the prediction against it was literally fulfilled by Baasa, (chap. 15:29.; Tirinus) "as the vintner seeks in the vineyard even for the last grape." (Syriac and Arabic)
14:11
Devour. They shall have the burial of asses, Jeremias 22:19.
14:13
Grotius
Word from. Hebrew or "thought towards." (Grotius)
Haydock
He has entertained sentiments of piety (Calmet) in the midst of a wicked court; therefore, God will hasten to draw him out of the midst of iniquity. (Haydock)
Calmet
The Rabbins say that he had pulled down the walls, which his father had built, to prevent the people from going to Jerusalem. (Calmet)
Menochius
God was please to shew mercy to him. (Menochius)
14:14
Calmet
Time. Protestants, "But what? even now." The young prince, (Haydock) who was the firmest support of the family, was presently hurried away. Abia, king of Juda, slew above 500,000 of Jeroboam's subjects at once; and Baasa exterminated his family. (Calmet)
Abulensis
The latter had now begun his conspiracy. (Abulensis, q. 26.)
14:15
Water. The kingdom of Israel was continually agitated with wars.
Calmet
River Euphrates, by degrees. The kings of Assyria verified these predictions; and we know not what is become of these ten tribes. (Calmet)
Worthington
To provoke. These people did not perhaps design (Haydock) to make God their enemy, no more than their king did, ver. 9. But their actions had that effect. Such expressions denote not the final cause, but the sequel of other facts, without direct intention. (Worthington)
Haydock
Yet these sins might probably be called sins of malice. (Haydock)
Menochius
They were all involved in ruin, because they had been accomplices in wickedness. (Menochius)
14:16
Calmet
Sin. This is the common effect of evil example in kings. Plus exemplo quàm peccato nocent. (Cicero, Leg. iii.) "As it is esteemed a sort of service to imitate the customs and vices of the king; they laid aside all piety, lest they might seem to upbraid the king with his impiety, if they should live in a virtuous manner." (Lactantius 5:6.) The crimes of kings are seldom confined to their own persons. (Calmet)
14:17
Calmet
Thersa. Septuagint inform us that Jeroboam had built this place, which the call Sarira, while he was employed by Solomon. No wonder, therefore, that it is not mentioned by Josue. Its exact situation is not known, though it must have been very delightful, since Solomon compares the spouse to it. (Calmet)
Tirinus
Where we read sweet, (Canticle of Canticles 6:3.) Hebrew has, "Thou art beautiful....as Thersa, and comely as Jerusalem." Hither Jeroboam had removed his court from Sichem. (Tirinus)
Bonfrere
Some place Thersa in the tribe of Manasses; (Adrichomius) others, in that of Ephraim. (Bonfrere)
Haydock
House. Hebrew, "door," or gate of the city, when the prophet had denounced that the child should die, (ver. 12.) unless the palace was contiguous to the walls. (Haydock)
14:19
Haydock
The book of the words of the days of the kings of Israel. This book, which is often mentioned in the Book of Kings, is long since lost. For as to the books of Paralipomenon, or Chronicles, (which the Hebrews call the words of the days) they were certainly written after the Book of Kings, since they frequently refer to them; (Challoner) and they also remit us to these journals for farther information. (Haydock)
14:21
Du Hamel
Forty. Some suspect there is a mistake, and that it should be twenty-one. See 1 Paralipomenon 22:5. (Grotius) (Du Hamel)
Calmet
Hardouin dates from the aera of Solomon. Roboam was young, in the Scripture style. But he might be forty-one years old, 3 Kings 12:10. (Calmet)
Calmet
Ammonitess. She probably perverted her son; (Menochius) so that he only continued three years faithful to the Lord; (2 Paralipomenon 11:17.) when his people readily imitated the idolatry of Israel, as they had been already staggered in their faith by the conduct of Solomon. (Calmet)
14:23
Calmet
High hill. Such places of devotion had been tolerated, before the temple was built: but now they were deemed profane. (Calmet)
14:24
Challoner
The effeminate. Catamites, or men addicted to unnatural lust. (Challoner)
Calmet
This crime had been punished in the Sodomites, and in the people of Chanaan, and of Benjamin. Yet they continued prevalent in the country, 3 Kings 15:12., and 4 Kings 23:7., and Isaias 2:6., and 2 Machabees 4:12. (Calmet)
Haydock
These were perpetrated in honour of Venus, Priapus, etc. (Menochius) See Deuteronomy 23:17. (Haydock)
14:25
Year of the World 3030.
Calmet
Sesac. See 3 Kings 11:40. He was allied to Jeroboam, (Calmet) so that he might come to his assistance, (Haydock) being attracted by the ivory throne, (Rabbins) and the immense riches of Jeroboam. (Calmet)
Roboam was informed by Semeias, that resistance would be fruitless; and being humbled, he repaired more frequently to the temple, ver. 18. But his piety was of short duration, as it was influenced only by fear, 2 Paralipomenon 12:14.
14:27
Haydock
Hand. Symmachus, "the place where the courtiers" (guards) stood, (Haydock) in the hall; (Calmet) or he made the guards carry these shields before him, ver. 28. (Haydock)
14:30
Always. The two kingdoms were constantly divided, and did each other all the harm they could; though we know not that they ever came to a pitched battle. Roboam was too great a coward, 2 Paralipomenon 13:7.
14:31
Calmet
Roboam. He deserved some commendation for procuring provisions, and fortifying his dominions; (2 Paralipomenon 11:5, 12.) but was a prince devoid of wisdom or religion. He married 18 wives and 60 concubines. The son of Maacha, his most favourite queen, succeeded him, after he had reigned seventeen years, and lived fifty-eight. (Calmet)
Semeias and Addo wrote his history, 2 Paralipomenon 12:15.
14:19
The book of the words of the days of the kings of Israel.... This book, which is often mentioned in the Book of Kings, is long since lost. For as to the books of Paralipomenon, or Chronicles, (which the Hebrews call the words of the days,) they were certainly written after the Book of Kings, since they frequently refer to them.
14:24
The effeminate.... Catamites, or men addicted to unnatural lust.
14:9
Ieroboam did not wittingly and of purpose set vp false goddes, to the end he might prouoke God to anger: for his intention only was to kepe the people frō going to Ierusalem, left by that occasion they should returne to Roboam their Lord. king of Iuda. ch. 12. v. 27. But by settīg vp idols he did prouoke God consequently to anger. So here and in other places this phrase: that he might prouoke: that it might be fulfilled, and the like, signifieth not the final cause, but the sequele of other factes, without direct intention:
14:5
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 1.28
xiv. 5 . The prophet detecting the motive of Jeroboam’s wife.
14:8
St Jerome † AD 420 Against the Pelagians 2
1 Kings xiv. 8 . It was God who gave Jeroboam the kingdom.
14:10
St Irenaeus of Lyons † AD 202 Against Heresies 4.26.2
… But those who cleave asunder, and separate the unity of the Church, [shall] receive from God the same punishment as Jeroboam did.
14:12
Origen † AD 254 Origen Against Celsus i.36
… There is therefore no absurdity in their prophets having uttered predictions even about events of no importance, to soothe those who desire such things, as when Samuel prophesies regarding three she-asses which were lost, or when mention is made in the third book of Kings respecting the sickness of a king’s son.
14:1
1. THE SON OF JEROBOAM, ABIJAH, FELL SICK, — God punishing the idolatry of Jeroboam through the sickness and death of his son. CHANGE THY GARMENT (so that, laying aside the royal vestment, thou mayest put on a plebeian one, and go alone without attendants) THAT THOU BE NOT KNOWN TO BE THE WIFE OF JEROBOAM, — namely, lest Ahijah, who gave me the kingdom with the obligation of keeping the true faith and worship of God, seeing that I have set up golden calves as idols, should rebuke thee and me sharply or reject us, and not deign to give a response. The Roman Septuagint asserts that this wife was the sister of the queen of Egypt, elder by birth, and they call her Ano; Lucifer of Cagliari, in his work On Apostate Kings, calls her Anna. Thus Serarius and Salianus.
14:3
3. AND A CAKE. — In Chaldaic, and cakes; in the Septuagint, and collyria; Vatablus, sweet breads; in French, des gauffres: for they were accustomed to impress upon them a certain form in which there were holes. For in Hebrew נקדים nickudim signifies dotted things, namely cakes or wafers marked and distinguished with dots. This queen offers not royal gifts, but plebeian and rustic ones (as she was pretending to be), namely loaves, cakes, a vessel of honey.
14:6
6. BUT I AM SENT TO THEE WITH A HARD MESSAGE, — to announce that the son for whom thou consulteth me shall die, and that I shall inflict far greater calamities by God's command: because Jeroboam was hard and stubborn toward God: but for a hard knot a hard wedge must be sought.
14:10
10. AND I WILL STRIKE DOWN FROM THE HOUSE OF JEROBOAM HIM THAT PISSETH AGAINST THE WALL, — that is, every male: for males alone piss against the wall, as Elijah says in Thesba. Or rather, as if to say, I will slay every living thing in the house of Jeroboam, even to a dog, so that I leave not a living dog in it: for dogs alone with raised leg sprinkle the wall with their water, as if to say, I will not spare even dogs. Thus Theodoret, Vatablus, Serarius. AND SHUT UP, — that is, shut up in prison, or hidden at home. AND THE LAST, — that is, the last, namely he who shall be left until the end of the war, as if to say, All the rest shall finally perish. Or "the last," that is, the vilest, the most abject. Scripture uses this phrase when it wishes to signify all without exception, as if to say, I will destroy all the remnants and refuse of thy family. In a similar manner God slew all the firstborn of Egypt, "from the firstborn of Pharaoh unto the firstborn of the captive woman that was in the prison," Exodus XII, 29. AND I WILL SWEEP AWAY (I will sweep, I will sweep with brooms, I will overturn) THE REMNANTS OF THE HOUSE OF JEROBOAM, AS DUNG (in Chaldaic, excrement) IS SWEPT AWAY UNTIL IT BE CLEAN, — so that no dung remains, but the whole floor of the house is clean.
14:12
12. AT THE VERY ENTERING IN OF THY FEET INTO THE CITY THE CHILD SHALL DIE, — so that it may be manifest that death is intended and sent upon thy son by God through me on account of thy and thy husband's idols, and therefore ye may grieve more heavily, because ye shall be as it were parricides of your own son. Thus the Emperor Valens turned away the sickness sent upon his son on account of Arianism through the prayers of St. Basil; but soon, calling the Arians to visit him, he lost him.
14:13
13. FOR HE ALONE SHALL BE BURIED OF JEROBOAM IN A SEPULCHRE, BECAUSE THERE IS FOUND IN HIM A GOOD WORD FROM THE LORD. — Some think that this son did something good, by which he merited a burial with God, for example, that he permitted the faithful going to Jerusalem to worship God in the temple. Thus the Rabbis. But this son was a child, as was said in verse 12. Better, others attribute this not to the son's merits, but to those of some member of the household; for this is what "in the house of Jeroboam" signifies, as if to say, Some of the family of Jeroboam did some good things, for which God will reward them with this recompense, that this son of Jeroboam be granted a worthy burial. Thus Vatablus.
14:14
14. BUT THE LORD HATH APPOINTED (hath decreed to appoint) HIMSELF A KING OVER ISRAEL (Baasha, a servant of Jeroboam) WHO SHALL STRIKE THE HOUSE OF JEROBOAM IN THIS DAY, AND IN THIS TIME, — that is, shortly, after a few days, after a short time. For "in this time," the Hebrews have word for word, and what? even now, as if to say, Nay, from now, from this very instant I will begin to strike Jeroboam, by slaying his little sick son. Otherwise Vatablus, as if to say, What now? that is, how small and how slight is this punishment and tribulation, compared to those which are being prepared for king Jeroboam in the future, namely in Gehenna? Otherwise also the Chaldean, who translated: He shall destroy the house of Jeroboam, he who lives today, and also he who shall be born from now and beyond.
14:15
15. AND THE LORD GOD OF ISRAEL SHALL SMITE ISRAEL, AS A REED IS SHAKEN, — that is to say, God shall smite King Jeroboam and his people Israel continually from all sides and everywhere, as a reed is continually agitated by all winds, so that there shall be no rest for them, but they shall be shattered by continual incursions of enemies, depredations, and battles, until they fall and perish. Again, He shall shake (that is, shall scatter into every wind, and shall disperse through all four quarters of the world and the winds) THEM (the Israelites) BEYOND THE RIVER, — namely the Euphrates, which was the boundary of the land promised to the Jews. This was indeed accomplished in fact, when under Osee the last king the ten tribes were carried away by Salmanasar into Assyria in the sixth year of King Hezekiah, as we shall hear in chapters XVI and XVII. BECAUSE THEY HAVE MADE THEMSELVES GROVES, — namely forests planted with trees, shady, pleasant and wooded, in which after the manner of the Gentiles they worshipped their idols, to which they dedicated these groves. Whence in them, feasting, getting drunk, and fornicating, they served Bacchus and Priapus, as is evident in chapter XV, verse 13. Pliny sets forth other causes of groves, lib. XII, cap. 1: "These," he says, "were once temples of the gods, and in ancient custom simple rural places; even now they call a tree excelling in divinity: nor do we adore images shining more with gold and ivory than groves and the very silences in them. Kinds of trees dedicated to their gods are preserved perpetually, as the oak to Jupiter, the laurel to Apollo, the olive to Minerva, the myrtle to Venus, the poplar to Hercules. Indeed we also believe that sylvans and fauns and kinds of goddesses are attributed to forests, and their divinities no less than to heaven." But Philo recounts the causes why God so forbade groves, in the book On Monarchy: "First," he says, "because the true temple of God does not require pleasantness, but severe chastity. Secondly, because it is not lawful to bring there things which make for the greenness of trees, that is, the excrement of beasts and men. Thirdly, because wild material has no use, since it is, as the poets speak, the useless weight of the earth: but fruit-bearing trees would draw away those of little understanding and the pious from the intention of the mind and the reverence due to sacred things. Moreover, the dense forests suit the wicked seeking security from their hiding places and opportunity for ambush: but open and exposed places, which those entering can be seen by others and see others, are most apt and suited to sacred things."
14:16
16. AND THE LORD SHALL DELIVER UP ISRAEL (that is, Israel, namely the ten tribes into the hands of enemies, namely the Assyrians), BECAUSE OF THE SINS OF JEROBOAM. — Note here four most grievous plagues with which God punished the public idolatry of Jeroboam. First indeed He predicts that his son, a boy, shall die. Secondly, that he himself shall perish with all his descendants, and that with infamy, so that they shall lack burial and shall be torn to pieces by dogs and wild beasts. Thirdly, that the kingdom shall be transferred from Jeroboam and his family to another king. Fourthly, that the whole people shall be led away into captivity.
14:19
19. NOW THE REST OF THE WORDS (that is, deeds; it is a metonymy) OF JEROBOAM, etc., ARE WRITTEN IN THE BOOK OF THE WORDS (deeds) OF THE DAYS OF THE KINGS OF ISRAEL, — namely in the Annals, Chronicles and Diaries, in which the deeds of the kings and people of Israel were written through individual days. Some think this book to be the book of Paralipomenon; but they err, because this book is cited in the book of Paralipomenon, wherefore it was written before the book of Paralipomenon equally as before the books of Kings (for in them this and elsewhere is cited). See Abulensis, Proem. in lib. Paralip.
14:21
21. MOREOVER ROBOAM, — the deeds of Jeroboam the first king of Israel being finished, he passes to the deeds of Roboam the first king of Judah. THAT HE MIGHT SET HIS NAME THERE. — "Name," that is the knowledge of his name, faith, worship, adoration equally as also celebrity, fame, glory, miracles, oracles, etc. For in Jerusalem there was the temple, priests, pontiffs and prophets, who would instruct and advance the people in the faith and worship of God. AND THE NAME OF HIS MOTHER WAS NAAMA AN AMMONITESS, — namely sister or daughter of Sobi, whom David in place of Hanon, the defeated king of the Ammonites, had constituted in war, who therefore that he might bind David more closely to himself, asked that Naama be given as wife to Solomon the son of David, as I said in II Kings XVII, 27. David granted this, because Naama said she wished to convert herself to Judaism; but Vatablus and Emmanuel Sa, and others suspect that her conversion was feigned and simulated, and so she herself remained a gentile in her heart, and a worshipper of her gods; indeed she led her son Roboam to the worship of them: and this was the cause of idolatry prevailing in Judah. For this reason indeed Scripture immediately adds here: "And Judah did evil in the sight of the Lord, etc. For they built themselves altars, and statues, and groves." Let Princes learn here how dangerous and displeasing to God it is to take wives from the daughters of infidels or heretics, even if they say they wish to convert to the faith: for they say this on account of hope of kingdom or principality; because it is difficult that they seriously eradicate from their hearts the heresy which they imbibed from childhood. Hence also David taking Maacha the daughter of the king of Gessur, and from her begat Absalom. But what sort was Absalom? certainly a fratricide and parricide, because he conspired with all Israel for the death of his father. Moreover Absalom's daughter or granddaughter was Maacha, who received this name from her grandmother, namely the mother of Absalom, and she was the wife of Roboam, and imitating the idolatry and crimes of her grandmother, she became herself, or rather his sister or granddaughter, a chief and priestess of the sacred rites of Priapus, whom therefore Asa his son removed from her place, as we shall hear in the following chapter, verse 13. The propagation therefore of idolatry equally as of heresy (as I have shown from St. Jerome in II Timothy III, 6), was made through women, as lovers of novelty and stubborn in their own sense.
14:22
22. AND JUDAH DID EVIL, — namely idols, which by antonomasia are called "evil," or "sin," because they themselves are the greatest wickedness. Note that Roboam in the first three years of his reign, with his tribe Judah persisted in the faith and worship of the true God: but those years having elapsed, he abandoned it, and permitted various effeminate abominations: for which reason God in the fifth year of his reign sent upon him Sesac king of Egypt, who took and plundered Jerusalem, which all things are evident from what follows and from II Paralipomenon chapter XI, verse 17, and chapter XII. The cause of idolatry was partly Roboam's mother, namely Naama already mentioned; partly his wife Maacha, of which verse 21; partly the vicinity of idolaters: for all the nations round about, and especially the ten tribes of Israel worshipped idols, and many of them flourished in peace, riches, delights, and enticed their neighboring Judeans to the worship of their idols, promising them from their gods a similar abundance of things.
14:24
24. AND MOREOVER EFFEMINATE ONES WERE IN THE LAND, — as if to say, Idolaters with Roboam permitting it established brothels, not only of harlots, but also of boys for hire, or male prostitutes, catamites, for unnatural and accursed lust, such as the impious Simon established, II Maccabees IV, 9. Behold the fruit of idolatry, equally as of heresy, is lust, and that infamous and horrible; for thus the foul demons whom they worshipped in idols wished to be served, that they might impel men to all uncleanness and every wickedness, to the injury of God their creator, equally as to provoke his offense and vengeance.
14:25
25. AND IN THE FIFTH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF ROBOAM (God punishing his apostasy and idolatry) SESAC KING OF EGYPT WENT UP TO JERUSALEM, — with sixty thousand horsemen and an innumerable multitude of foot soldiers gathered from Egyptians, Libyans, Troglodytes and Ethiopians, as is said in II Paralipomenon XII, 3. "Sesac" Herodotus calls "Sesostris" in Josephus, by Diodorus, book I, is called "Sesoosis," who also adds that columns were erected by him in Palestine, on which were carved female genitals, that he might mark the lust of the inhabitants, and through effeminacy and cowardice, as if they who had lost their manhood, and fearful like women had not dared to take up arms and resist him. It appears that this Sesac was related to Roboam: for his father Solomon had taken the daughter of Pharaoh, in whose kingdom of Egypt Sesac appears to have been successor and son (1).
14:26
26. AND HE TOOK AWAY THE TREASURES OF THE HOUSE OF THE LORD, etc. — Shishak plundered Jerusalem, yet he did not overthrow it, both because in Jerusalem were found good works of repentance, namely of religion, supplication, sacrifices, almsdeeds, by which pious men entreated destruction from God, II Paralipomenon XII, 12, and because king Rehoboam, seeing Shishak lay waste Judah, came to his senses with his men, saying: "The Lord is just," as is said in II Paralipomenon XII, 6, where it is also added: "And when the Lord saw that they had humbled themselves, the word of the Lord came to Shemaiah, saying: Because they have humbled themselves, I will not destroy them, and I will give them a little help, and my wrath shall not be poured out upon Jerusalem by the hand of Shishak. Nevertheless they shall serve him, that they may know the difference between my service and the service of the kingdoms of the earth:" namely what difference there is between serving God and serving man, for instance king Shishak. For God enriches and exalts His servants, but Shishak depresses and despoils them. Finally, in the same place concerning Rehoboam, verse 14, it is said: "And he did evil, and did not prepare his heart to seek the Lord."
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
14:1
… A. was buried amid the weeping of the people (I Kings 14:1-18).
Ahiah (Vulgate Ahias; Hebrew 'Abijjah, as in Achiah, q.v.)
… Benjamin; cf. 1 Kings 11:29-40). Now old and blind, to Jeroboam's wife, who had come from Tirzah to question him in Shiloh about their sick son Abijah (v.), he foretold the death of the latter and the destruction of their house because of the king's sins (1 Kings 14:1-18). In 2 Chron. 9:29 there is mention of the "prophecy" (the Vulgate has only "books") of A. the Shilonite as a written source concerning the reign of Solomon; but its content is unknown. …
This fault was also the cause of the ruin and destruction of his house, foretold to him by the same prophet Ahijah who had foreannounced the throne to him (1 Kings 14:1-16). But already at the inauguration of the illegitimate cult at Bethel a prophet arose (1 Kings 13:1-10) who protested against that violation of the divine law and predicted the destruction …
14:10
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… of Jeroboam" (eight times in I Reg. and nine in II Reg.) "to do what is evil in the eyes of the Lord" (thirty times in the two books); "for the sake of David my servant" (I Reg. 13, 32, 34; 15, 4; II Reg. 8, 19; 19, 34; 20, 6); "mingens ad parietem" (I Reg. 14, 10; 16, 11; 21, 21; II Reg. 9, 8; elsewhere only in I Sam. 25, 22, 34).
Baasa (Hebrew: Ba'āh, 'Bold' or 'Wicked')
… (908-885 B.C.), son of Ahijah, of Issachar, commander of the army of King Nadab, he killed the latter while he was besieging Gibbethon and usurped the throne by exterminating the males of the dynasty of Jeroboam, as Ahijah the Shilonite had predicted (I Kings 14:10-11). He chose a new capital, Tirzah.
… Thus the prophecy of Ahijah of Shiloh was fulfilled (ibid. 14:10).
14:17
Thersa (Heb. Tirzah; Gr. Θεραΐ)
… Tirzah; Gr. Θεραΐ). - A city of ancient Palestine (Josh. 12:24), located in the territory of the tribe of Manasseh (Num. 27:1; Josh. 17:3), chosen by Jeroboam as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel (1 Kings 14:17).
14:19
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
The following sources are explicitly cited: the Book of the acts of Solomon (I Reg. 11, 41); the Annals of the Kings of Judah (15 times, the first for Rehoboam [I Reg. 14, 29], the last for Jehoiachin [II Reg. 24, 5]); the Annals of the Kings of Israel (18 times, the first for Jeroboam [I Reg. 14, 19], the last for Pekah [II Reg. 15, 31]). It is dis-
14:20
2. King of Israel, son and successor of Jeroboam I (1 Kings 14:20).
14:21
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
REHOBOAM (17 years: 930-914), attempts to subdue the rebellious tribes and suffers the invasion of Shishak of Egypt (I Reg. 12, 21-24; 14, 21-31).
14:22
… R. departed from the purity of the Yahwistic religion and permitted "altars and pillars and sacred poles to be erected on every high hill and under every leafy tree" and allowed the qédhēlim (Vulg. effeminati) to hold their abominable rites there (1 Kings 14:22-24).
14:23
… Their relation to the deity is not clear: whether it is a dwelling or a symbol of it. The Law therefore prohibited them (Lev. 26, 1; Deut. 16, 22). They are nevertheless found in the bānāth or sanctuaries in honor of Yahweh (I Kings 14, 23; II Kings 17, 10; 18, 4; 23, 14; II Chron. 14, 2; 31, 1; Hos. 3, 4; 10, 1 f.; Mic. 5, 12); and also in honor of Baal (II Kings 3, 2; 10, 26 f.). In Is. 6, 13 the m. is a tree trunk, …
14:25
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… Thus, to limit ourselves to a few examples, an inscription from the Temple of Amun at Karnak recalls the victories of Shoshenq (945-924 B.C.) in Syria and Palestine, with the names of various cities either conquered or subjected to tribute; this is the Shishak who plundered Jerusalem according to I Reg. 14, 25 f. The inscription of Shalmaneser II (859-826 B.C.) - the black obelisk - places Jehu of Israel too among the kings who pay tribute. …
where Jeroboam took refuge, pursued by Solomon's wrath (I Kings 11:40), as Adad had done in the time of David (I Kings 11:17-22). In 927 King Shoshenq even interfered directly in the affairs of Syria and plundered Jerusalem (I Kings 14:25 ff.), subsequently invading also the kingdom of Jeroboam, his protégé; a stele on the facade of the pylon of the great temple of Amun at Karnak preserves the names of the cities conquered …
… In the fifth year of King Rehoboam (929), Shishak king of Egypt plundered the Temple and the royal palace (I Kings 14, 25); later King Asa (910) alienated a great part of the city's wealth to obtain the alliance of Ben-hadad, king of Syria, against Baasha, king of Israel (I Kings 15, 18; II Chron. 16, 2-3).
Shishak (Heb. Šīšaq, Septuagint Σονοχίμ)
… There is here an allusion to his campaign against Rehoboam king of Judah, in the 5th year of that sovereign's reign, recalled in I Kings 14:25-26 and II Chron. 12:2-9.
14:26
… It was plundered (925) by Pharaoh Shishak (I Kings 14:26), by Jehoash of Israel (798-783), by Athaliah; profaned by Ahaz, Manasseh, Amon, Zedekiah (II Chron. 36:14); Ahaz (736-721) replaced the altar of holocausts with another reproducing …
14:29
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… praise for having practiced purely and simply the religion of Yahweh (Hezekiah: II Kings 18, 3 ff.; Josiah: ibid. 22, 2). The concluding formula contains: a) an indication of the source, to which the reader too is referred for fuller information (I Kings 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Kings 8, 23; 10, 34 etc.); b) death and successor (I Kings 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Kings 8, 24; 10, 35 etc.). …
… When the hagiographer cites literary sources, it must be supposed that in principle he approves of them (e.g., I Kings 11:41; 14:29; 15:31, etc.). …
14:31
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… Kings 18, 3 ff.; Josiah: ibid. 22, 2). The concluding formula contains: a) an indication of the source, to which the reader too is referred for fuller information (I Kings 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Kings 8, 23; 10, 34 etc.); b) death and successor (I Kings 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Kings 8, 24; 10, 35 etc.). …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.