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854 articles · 97 under To · English index · Indice italiano

Tobacco (TABACCO) Vol. XI, p. 1015
TABACCO. — A solanaceous plant, to which C. Linnaeus gave the name Nicotian tabacum in honor of J. Nicot of Villemein, who was the first to cultivate the plant…
Tobiadi Vol. XII, p. 138
TOBIADI. – A powerful family of Ammon (v. AMMONITI). Numerous documents concerning it exist for the 3rd–2nd centuries B.C., but in all probability its…
Tobias (TOBIA) Vol. XII, p. 132
TOBIA. – A pious Jew who gives his name to the deuterocanonical book of the Old Testament that recounts his story. In the Vulgate the title is Liber Tobiae; in…
Tocci, Antonio Vol. XII, p. 139
TOCCI, ANTONIO. - Priest and sociologist, born at Serravalle d'Appecchio (Urbino) in 1734, died at Cagli on 21 May 1814. A pious and zealous priest, he devoted…
Tocco, Felice Vol. XII, p. 139
TOCCO, FELICE. – Historian of culture and philosophy, philologist, born in Catanzaro on 12 September 1845, died in Florence on 6 June 1911. A disciple of…
Tocqueville, Charles-Alexis-Henri-Maurice-Clérel De (TOQUEVILLE, CHARLES-ALEXIS-HENRI-MAURICE-CLÉREL DE) Vol. XII, p. 139
TOQUEVILLE, CHARLES-ALEXIS-HENRI-MAURICE-CLÉREL de. — Historian and statesman, born of a noble family at Verneuil on 29 July 1805, died at Cannes on 16 April…
Todi, Diocese of (TODI DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 140
TODI, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Perugia. It has a population of 60,500, of whom 60,000 are Catholics, distributed among 98 parishes…
Tok-Won Vol. XII, p. 141
TOK-WON. – Abbazia nullius, situated in the northeastern region of Korea; it covers an area of 3,625 sq km, with a population of approximately 340,000…
Tokyo, Archdiocese of (TOKYO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 141
TOKYO, ARCHDIOCESE of. — Situated in the central-western part of the island of Hondo, it comprises the two civil prefectures of T. and Ciba, whose total area…
Tola (Heb. Tōlā' « worm ») (THOLA (EBR. TŌLĀ' « VERME »)) Vol. XII, p. 55
THOLA (Heb. Tōlā' “worm”). — Name of two figures of the Old Testament. 1. Firstborn of Issachar (Gen. 46:13; I Par. 7:1) and father of Ozi, Raphaia, Ieriel,…
Toland, John Vol. XII, p. 142
TOLAND, JOHN. — The most notable of the English deists (Collins, Tindal, Morgan), born at Redcastle near Londonderry (Ireland) on 30 November 1670, died at…
Toledo in America, Diocese of (TOLEDO IN AMERICA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 149
TOLEDO IN AMERICA, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and city in the ecclesiastical province of Cincinnati (U.S.A.). The diocese was created by Pope Pius X on 15 April…
Toledo, Archdiocese of (TOLEDO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 143
TOLEDO, ARCIDIOCESI of—Archdiocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Spain. It has an area of 26,802 sq. km. and a population of 765,220…
Toledo, Francisco de Vol. XII, p. 148
TOLEDO, FRANCISCO de. – Jesuit cardinal and theologian, born at Cordova on 4 October 1532, died at Rome on 14 September 1596. He studied philosophy at Valenza…
Toledo, Álvarez Pedro de (TOLEDO, ALVAREZ PEDRO DI) Vol. XII, p. 148
TOLEDO, ALVAREZ PEDRO di. – Spanish statesman, son of Federico, marquis of Villafranca, and Isabella Pimentel, born in Alba de Torques in 1484. He served…
Tolentino, Diocese of (TOLENTINO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 150
TOLENTINO, DIOCESE of. — In the province of Macerata, 217 m above sea level, on the left bank of the Chienti. Over an area of more than 105 sq. km., it has a…
Tolerance (TOLLERANZA) Vol. XII, p. 151
TOLLERANZA. — In common usage, it indicates a disposition of the spirit and a consequent practical attitude of indulgence and forbearance toward a way of…
Toletanus Vol. XII, p. 151
TOLETANUS: V. VARGAS, ALONSO.
Tolli, Filippo Vol. XII, p. 154
TOLLI, FILIPPO. — Catholic organizer and one of the most distinguished opponents of slavery, born in Rome on 1 September 1843, died there on 17 May 1924. In…
Tolomei Vol. XII, p. 154
TOLOMEI. – Nine kings (of the «Lagid» dynasty) of Hellenistic Egypt, from 305 to 51 B.C., bore the name Πτολεμαίος; Dan. 11:4-29 alludes to them, referring to…
Tolomei, Claudio Vol. XII, p. 155
TOLOMEI, CLAUDIO. – Man of letters, born in Siena in 1492, died in Rome on 23 March 1555. Exiled from his homeland in 1526 for his Medicean political views, he…
Tolomeo and Lucio, Saints, Martyrs (TOLOMEO E LUCIO, SANTI, MARTIRI) Vol. XII, p. 157
TOLOMEO and LUCIO, saints, martyrs. - Put to death about 161, they are commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on 19 September. The only author who speaks of…
Tolstoy, Lev Nikoláevič (TOLSTÓJ, LEV NIKOLÁEVIČ) Vol. XII, p. 159
TOLSTÓJ, LEV NIKOLÁEVIČ. — Russian writer, born at Jásnaja Poljána on 26 August 1828, died at Astápovo on 7 November 1910. Left orphaned, he was entrusted to…
Tomadini, Jacopo Vol. XII, p. 162
TOMADINI, JACOPO. – Composer, b. in Cividale on 24 Aug. 1820, d. there on 21 Jan. 1883. Ordained a priest in 1846, he was a canon of the collegiate church in…
Tomasetti, Giuseppe (TOMASSETTI, GIUSEPPE) Vol. XII, p. 162
TOMASSETTI, GIUSEPPE. — Historian of medieval Rome, born in Rome on 4 April 1848 and died there on 21 January 1911. Having completed his classical studies at…
Tomasino De' Cerchiaris (Thomasin De' Cerclaria, De' Zirclaria, Von Zirclare) (TOMASINO DE' CERCHIARI (THOMASIN DE' CERCLARIA, DE' ZIRCLARIA, VON ZIRCLARE)) Vol. XII, p. 162
TOMASINO de' CERCHIARI (THOMASIN de' CERCLARIA, de' ZIRCLARIA, von ZIRCLARE). - Born probably at Cividale some years before 1188; died about 1235. A member of…
Tomb (SEPOLCRO) Vol. XI, p. 229
SEPOLCRO: v. ARCOSOLIO; CIMITERI CRISTIANI ANTICHI; FORMA; LOCULO.
Tomb (TOMBA) Vol. XII, p. 162
TOMB. – The tomb is of interest to the history of civilization as very often an irreplaceable testimony to the creative aptitudes of ancient peoples,…
Tommaseo, Niccolò Vol. XII, p. 169
TOMMASEO, NICCOLÒ. – Writer and politician, born in Sebenico on 9 October 1802, died in Florence on 1 May 1874. Having completed his initial studies at the…
Tommasi, Giuseppe Maria, Blessed (TOMMASI, GIUSEPPE MARIA, BEATO) Vol. XII, p. 170
TOMMASI, GIUSEPPE MARIA, blessed. — Cardinal, liturgist, historian, and Theatine theologian, born at Licata (Sicily) on 12 September 1649, died at Rome on 1…
Tommassuccio (Thomas Unzio) of Foligno, Blessed (TOMMASUCCIO (TOMMASO UNZIO) DA FOLIGNO, BEATO) Vol. XII, p. 209
TOMMASUCCIO (TOMMASO UNZIO) da FOLIGNO, blessed. — A Franciscan tertiary and author of a prophetic poem, born at Valmaciniana (Nocera Umbra) in 1319, died at…
Tonchino Vol. XII, p. 209
TONCHINO : V. INDOCINESE FEDERAZIONE.
Tondelli, Leone Vol. XII, p. 209
TONDELLI, LEONE. - Exegete and historian, born at S. Bartolomeo (Reggio Emilia) on 5 May 1883, died at Reggio Emilia on 5 January 1953. After completing his…
Tonello, Michelangelo Vol. XII, p. 210
TONELLO, MICHELANGELO. — Politician, born in S. Secondo on 29 May 1800, died in Turin on 2 December 1879. Professor of canon law, and subsequently of Roman…
Tonga Vol. XII, p. 210
TONGA. – Oceanic archipelago northeast of New Zealand. It consists of approximately 150 islands, with a total area of 697 sq km, about half of which belongs to…
Tongeren (in Flemish Tongeren) (TONGRES (IN FIAMMINGO TONGEREN)) Vol. XII, p. 211
TONGRES (in Flemish TONGEREN). – City and ancient diocese in Limburg (Belgium), on the banks of the Icker River, a tributary of the Meuse. It is the ancient…
Tongerloo Vol. XII, p. 210
TONGERLOO. — Premonstratensian abbey near Antwerp in Belgium. It was founded in 1128 in honor of the Blessed Virgin by Giselberto, with religious sent from the…
Tongiorgi, Salvatore Vol. XII, p. 211
TONGIORGI, SALVATORE. – Philosopher, born in Rome on 25 December 1820, died there on 12 November 1863. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1837. He was…
Tonolo, Giuseppe (TONIOLO, GIUSEPPE) Vol. XII, p. 211
TONIOLO, GIUSEPPE. – One of the foremost masters of Catholic social thought, born in Treviso on 7 March 1845, died in Pisa on 7 October 1918, reputed a saint.…
Tonsure (TONSURA) Vol. XII, p. 212
TONSURE. – A sacred rite instituted by the Church, by which the baptized and confirmed faithful, through the cutting of the hair and the imposition of the…
Toowoomba, Diocese of (TOOWOOMBA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 213
TOOWOOMBA, DIOCESE OF. – In the southern part of the State of Queensland (Australia). It was erected from territory detached from the archdiocese of Brisbane…
Torah (TÔRÂH) Vol. XII, p. 213
TÔRÂH. — A Hebrew term which in the Bible means an authoritative directive (issued by God, the priest, the prophet, the king, or the sage), and which, after…
Toraldo, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 215
TORALDO, GIUSEPPE. - Man of letters, born into a marquisial family at Tropea, in Calabria, on 17 March 1809; died there on 14 April 1899. He entered the…
Torcello (Turricellum) Vol. XII, p. 215
TORCELLO (Turricellum). - Ancient episcopal see, an island in the Municipality of Venice, from which it is 10 km distant, (phot. Caprioli, Ferenza) TORCELLO -…
Torelli, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 216
TORELLI, GIUSEPPE. - Journalist and politician, born at Recetto Novarese on 13 Dec. 1816, died at Torino on 25 Apr. 1866. He began his literary career by…
Torelli, Ludovica, Countess of Guastalla (TORELLI, LUDOVICA, CONTESSA DI GUASTALLA) Vol. XII, p. 216
TORELLI, LUDOVICA, countess of GUASTALLA. — Beneficent noblewoman, born at Guastalla in 1500, died at Milan on 28 October 1569. The only daughter of Achille,…
Toreutics (TOREUTICA) Vol. XII, p. 217
TOREUTICS. - The art of working metals by casting, hammering, engraving, chasing, etc. Especially with regard to antiquity, the term is used to denote the…
Toribio, Alfonso de Mogrovejo, Saint (TORIBIO, ALFONSO DE MOGROVEJO, SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 217
TORIBIO, ALFONSO DE MOGROVEJO, saint. – Born in 1538 (?), died on 23 March 1606. He studied law at the University of Salamanca; in 1575 he became president of…
Torini, Angelo (Agnolo di Torino de' Bencivenni da Florence) (TORINI, ANGELO (AGNOLO DI TORINO DE' BENCIVENNI DA FIRENZE)) Vol. XII, p. 217
TORINI, ANGELO (AGNOLO DI TORINO DE' BENCIVENNI DA FIRENZE). — Moral writer and religious poet, born at the beginning and died at the end of the 14th century.…
Torlonia, Carlo Vol. XII, p. 223
TORLONIA, CARLO. - Born in Rome on Dec. 18, 1798, died there on Dec. 31, 1847. The second son of Giovanni Raimondo, the well-known financier who secured the…
Tormoli, Ambrocino Vol. XII, p. 224
TORMOLI, AMBROCINO. - Dominican, glass painter, born at Soncino before 1450, died at Bologna in 1527. He entered the Dominicans at Bologna as a lay brother…
Toronto, Archdiocese of (TORONTO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 224
TORONTO, ARCHDIOCESE of. — Archdiocese and city in the province of Ontario (Canada). The ecclesiastical province comprises the dioceses of T., Hamilton, and…
Tororo, Archdiocese of (TORORO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 225
TORORO, ARCHDIOCESE of. - It is situated in the south-eastern part of Uganda, north of Lake Victoria, and is entrusted to the Society of St. Joseph of Mill…
Torquato and Associates (TORQUATO E CONSOCI) Vol. XII, p. 225
TORQUATO e CONSOCI: v. VARONES APOSTOLICI.
Torquemada (Turrecremata), Juan de Vol. XII, p. 225
TORQUEMADA (TURRECREMATA), JUAN de. — Dominican theologian, cardinal, b. at Valladolid in 1388, d. in Rome on 26 September 1468. He entered religious life ca.…
Torquemada, Thomas Vol. XII, p. 226
TORQUEMADA, THOMAS. - Nephew of the preceding, born at Valladolid around 1420, died at Avila on 16 Sept. 1498. He became a Dominican in the convent of S. Paolo…
Torrent of Egypt (Heb. Naḥal Miṣráyim) (TORRENTE D'EGITTO (EBR. NÁHAL MIṢRÁJM)) Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRENTE D'EGITTO (Hebr. náhal Miṣrájm). — Southern frontier of the land of Canaan (Num. 34:5), of the tribe of Judah (Jos. 15:4–7), and of the Solomonic…
Torres (Turrianus), Francesco Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES (Turrianus), FRANCESCO. - Patrologist and controversialist, b. at Herrera (Valencia), or at Léon, c. 1509; d. at Rome, 21 Nov. 1584. He was one of the…
Torres Acosta, Maria Soledad, Blessed (TORRES ACOSTA, MARIA SOLEDAD, BEATA) Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES ACOSTA, MARIA SOLEDAD, Blessed. - In secular life Emmanuela Bibiana, foundress of the Serve di Maria, ministre degli infermi, born in Madrid on 2 Dec.…
Torres y Amat, Félix Vol. XII, p. 227
TORRES Y AMAT, FÉLIX. — Bishop of Astorga, born at Sallent (diocese of Vich) on 6 August 1772, died at Madrid on 29 December 1847. Professor in the seminary of…
Torres, Cosme de Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES, COSME de. - Jesuit, missionary, b. at Valencia ca. 1510, d. at Shiki, on the island of Kami-Shima, in 1570. A priest, he taught grammar at Valencia,…
Torriti, Jacopo Vol. XII, p. 227
TORRITI, JACOPO. - Painter and mosaicist, who lived in Rome in the late 13th century. His certified works are: the apse mosaic in the basilica of S. Giovanni…
Torti, Giovanni Vol. XII, p. 227
TORTI, GIOVANNI. - Poet, b. in Milano on 24 June 1774, d. in Genova on 15 Feb. 1852. He was a pupil of Parini and held several posts in the administration of…
Tortona, Diocese of (TORTONA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 228
TORTONA, DIOCESI of. — City in the province of Alessandria, in Piedmont. It has an area of 2,120 sq. km and a population of 280,000 inhabitants, of whom…
Tortosa, Diocese of (TORTOSA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 228
TORTOSA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese in the civil province of Tarragona in Spain. With an area of 8,709 sq. km., it has a population of 450,000 inhabitants,…
Torture (TORTURA) Vol. XII, p. 233
TORTURA. — In the strictest and most precise sense, t. (judicial) is any judicial procedure by which one seeks to extort from the accused or from another party…
Tosatti, Maria Barbara Vol. XII, p. 236
TOSATTI, MARIA BARBARA. - Poetess, b. 4 Nov. 1891 at S. Felice sul Panaro (Modena), d. at Rome 17 Apr. 1934. A woman of exquisite intelligence, solid classical…
Toscanelli Dal Pozzo, Paolo (Paulus Florentinus) Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSCANELLI DAL POZZO, PAOLO (Paulus Florentinus). — Mathematician, astronomer, geographer, born in Florence in 1397 and died there on 10 May 1482. He studied…
Tosefta ('Addition') (TÓSEPHTÁ' (« AGGIUNTA »)) Vol. XII, p. 248
TÓSEPHTÁ' (« AGGIUNTA »). — Collection (« corpus iuris ») of the type of the Mišnah [v.], composed of legal regulations called bārājthōth, plural of bārājthā'…
Tosetti, Urbano Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSETTI, URBANO. - Piarist scientist, b. in Firenze on 28 June 1714, d. in Roma on 9 March 1768. He chiefly cultivated the physical sciences, which he first…
Tosi, Luigi Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSI, LUIGI. — Bishop of Pavia, born in Busto Arsizio on 6 July 1763, died in Pavia on 13 December 1845. Educated by the Somaschi in Lugano, he was a…
Tosi, Pasquale (TOSI, PASQUALE,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSI, PASQUALE, - Jesuit, missionary, born at S. Vito (Santarcangelo di Romagna, Forlì) on 25 April 1835, died at Juneau (Alaska) on 14 January 1898. Having…
Tostado, Alonso (TOSTADO, ALONSO,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSTADO, ALONSO, – Theologian, exegete, and bishop, b. at Madrigal (Castile) ca. 1400, d. at Bonilla della Sierra (Avila) on 3 Sept. 1455. Rector of the…
Tosti, Antonio (TOSTI, ANTONIO,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSTI, ANTONIO, Cardinal, born in Rome on 4 October 1776, died in Rome on 20 March 1866. Having zealously exercised the priestly ministry in the Pia Unione di…
Tosti, Luigi Vol. XII, p. 250
TOSTI, LUIGI. — Benedictine abbot and historian, born in Naples on 13 February 1811, died at Montecassino on 21 September 1897. Having completed his studies at…
Totalitarianism (TOTALITARISMO) Vol. XII, p. 251
TOTALITARISMO. – This is a neologism, coined from the adjective “total” (totus), to designate that form of regime and that political doctrine which absorbs…
Totemism (TOTEMISMO) Vol. XII, p. 251
TOTEMISMO. – I. DEFINITION, DIVISION, ELEMENTS OF T. – The term totem (totam, todam, ndodem) originates in the language of the Odjibwa (Algonquians), Indians…
Totila Vol. XII, p. 255
TOTILA. – King of the Ostrogoths, d. in July 552. Grandson of King Ildibad, he commanded the garrison of Treviso when he was acclaimed king (541). His name was…
Touchet, Stanislas Xavier Vol. XII, p. 255
TOUCHET, STANISLAS XAVIER. - Cardinal, b. at Soliers (diocese of Bayeux) on 13 Nov. 1848, d. at Orléans on 23 Sept. 1926. Trained for ecclesiastical life by…
Toul (Tullum Leucorum) (TOUL (TULLIUM, TULLUM LEUCORUM)) Vol. XII, p. 255
TOUL (Tullium, Tullum Leucorum). — On the left bank of the Moselle, where the Rhine Canal forms a harbor, it belonged to the ancient province of Belgica I,…
Toulon, Diocese of (TOLONE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 157
TOLONE, DIOCESI di: v. FRÉJUS, DIOCESI di.
Toulouse, Archdiocese of (TOLOSA, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 157
TOLOSA, ARCIDIOCESI of. — City and archdiocese in the department of Haute-Garonne in France. It has an area of 6302 sq. km. and a population of 512,240…
Touring Club Italiano Vol. XII, p. 256
TOURING CLUB ITALIANO. — An association whose purpose is to promote knowledge of Italy among Italians and foreigners and to foster Italian tourism in all its…
Tournai (Doornijk), Diocese of (TOURNAI (DOORNIJK), DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 257
TOURNAI (DOORNIJK), DIOCESE of. — Diocese and chief town of a district in the province of Hainaut in Belgium, situated on the banks of the Scheldt River. It…
Tournai, Simone of (SIMONE DI TOURNAI) Vol. XI, p. 393
SIMONE di TOURNAI. - Theologian, born in Tournai ca. 1130, died in Paris ca. 1201. Probably a disciple in Paris of Eudes (Odon) of Soissons, when the latter…
Tourneley, Honoré (TOURNELY, HONORÉ) Vol. XII, p. 258
TOURNELY, HONORÉ. - Theologian, born at Antibes (Nice) to a poor family on 28 Aug. 1638, died in Paris on 26 Dec. 1729. Through the interest of his uncle he…
Tournon, Carlo Tommaso Maillard de Vol. XII, p. 258
TOURNON, CARLO TOMMASO MAILLARD de. — Patriarch of Antioch and cardinal, born on 21 Dec. 1668 in Turin, son of a minister of the duke of Savoy; died in Macao…
Tournus Vol. XII, p. 261
TOURNUS. – Abbey formerly of S. Valeriano and later of S. Filiberto, in the department of Saône et Loire in France, in the diocese of Autun. S. Valeriano at…
Tours, Archdiocese of (TOURS, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 261
TOURS, ARCIDIOCESI di. — Archdiocese and capital city of the department of Indre-et-Loire in France. It has an area of over 6,116 sq. km and a population of…
Tovaglia (Tobalea) Vol. XII, p. 263
TOVAGLIA (Tobalea). — From as early as the sixth century, but more frequently after the tenth, representations of table and altar cloths appear in mosaics and…
Tovini, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 264
TOVINI, GIUSEPPE. – Catholic organizer, lawyer, b. at Cividale Camuno (Brescia) on 14 March 1841, d. at Brescia on 16 January 1897. His multifaceted activity…
Tower of Babel (BABELE, TORRE DI) Vol. II, p. 372
BABELE, TORRE di - Ricostruzione della torre di B. rod ») e del palazzo di Sargon a Khorsabad sette piani; al fastigio vi era la « cella » della divinità e una…
Towianski, Andrzej Vol. XII, p. 265
TOWIANSKI, ANDRZEJ. – Polish heterodox reformer, born on 1 January 1799 at Antoszavince (Vilna), died in Switzerland on 13 May 1878. He pursued «mystical»…
Townsville, Diocese of (TOWNSVILLE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 265
Townsville, Diocese of. - It is situated in the central-northern region of the State of Queensland (Australia). It was erected on 12 February 1930, with…
Toxoinfective Psychoses (PSICOSI TOSSINFETTIVE) Vol. X, p. 168
TOXINFECTIOUS PSYCHOSES. — Mental syndromes that arise in the course of general diseases and infectious diseases not particularly localized in the nervous…
Tozzi, Federico Vol. XII, p. 265
TOZZI, FEDERICO. - Writer, born in Siena on 1 Jan. 1883, died in Rome on 21 March 1920. He left his native city after complex and painful experiences shadowed…
Tönnies, Ferdinand Vol. XII, p. 212
TÖNNIES, FERDINAND. - Sociologist, born at Oldensworth (Schleswig) on 26 July 1855, died on 9 Apr. 1936. Having taken a doctorate in philosophy, he devoted…