Hiram king of Tyre agreeth to furnish timber and workmen for building the temple: the number of workmen and overseers.
Hiram king of Tyre granteth timber and workmen for building the Temple: Salomon allowing victuals, and paying wages. 13. the number of workmen and ouerseers.
1And Hiram, king of Tyre, sent his servants to Solomon: for he heard that they had anointed him king in the room of his father: for Hiram had always been David’s friend.Oltre a ciò Hiram re di Tiro mandò suoi ambasciadori a Salomone, avendo udito com' egli era stato unto re in luogo del padre suo: conciossiachè Hiram era stato in ogni tempo amico di Davidde.HIRAM also the king of Tyre sent his seruantes to Salomon: for he heard that they had auointed him king for his father: because Hiram had bene Dauids frend at al time.Misit quoque Hiram rex Tyri servos suos ad Salomonem: audivit enim quod ipsum unxissent regem pro patre ejus: quia amicus fuerat Hiram David omni tempore. 2And Solomon sent to Hiram, saying:E Salomone mandò i suoi ad Hiram, e gli fece dire:And Salomon sent to Hiram, saying:Misit autem Salomon ad Hiram, dicens: 3Thou knowest the will of David, my father, and that he could not build a house to the name of the Lord his God, because of the wars that were round about him, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet.E a te noto il desiderio di Davidde mio padre, e come egli non potè edificare la casa al nome del Signore Dio suo a motivo delle guerre, che egli sostenne da tutte le parti, fino a tanto che il Signore abbattè a' piedi di lui i nemici.Thou knowest the wil of Dauid my father, and that he could not build a house to the name of our Lord his God, because of warres imminent round about vntil our Lord put them vnder the sole of his feete.Tu scis voluntatem David patris mei, et quia non potuerit ædificare domum nomini Domini Dei sui propter bella imminentia per circuitum, donec daret Dominus eos sub vestigio pedum ejus. 4But now the Lord my God hath given me rest round about; and there is no adversary nor evil occurrence.Adesso poi il Signore Dio mio mi ha data pace da ogni parte, e non havvi avversario, nè accidente sinistro.But now our Lord my God hath geuen me rest round about: and there is no satan, nor il rencounter.Nunc autem requiem dedit Dominus Deus meus mihi per circuitum, et non est satan, neque occursus malus. 5Wherefore I purpose to build a temple to the name of the Lord my God, as the Lord spoke to David my father, saying: Thy son, whom I will set upon the throne, in thy place, he shall build a house to my name.Per la qual cosa io ho in animo di fabbricare un tempio al nome del Signore Dio mio, conforme il Signore orinò a Davidde mio padre, dicendo: Il tuo figliuolo, cui io surrogherò a te nel tuo trono, egli fabbricherà la casa al nome mio.Wherfore I purpose to build a temple to the name of our Lord my God, as our Lord hath spoken to Dauid my father, saying: Thy sonne, whom I wil geue for thee vpon thy throne, he shal build a house to my name.Quam ob rem cogito ædificare templum nomini Domini Dei mei, sicut locutus est Dominus David patri meo, dicens: Filius tuus, quem dabo pro te super solium tuum, ipse ædificabit domum nomini meo.
6Give orders, therefore, that thy servants cut me down cedar trees, out of Libanus, and let my servants be with thy servants: and I will give thee the hire of thy servants whatsoever thou wilt ask: for thou knowest how there is not among my people a man that has skill to hew wood like to the Sidonians.Ordina adunque, che i tuoi servi taglino per me dei cedri del Libano, e i miei servi saranno insieme co' tuoi servi, e ti pagherò pel salario de' tuoi servi tutto quello, che domanderai: perocché tu ben sai, che non v'ha alcuno del popol mio, che sappia tagliare il legname, come sanno quei di Sidone.Command therfore that thy seruantes cut me downe cedres out of Libanus, and let my seruantes be with thy seruantes: and I wil geue thee the hire of thy seruantes whatsoeuer thou wilt aske, for thou knowest how there is not in my people a man that hath skil to hew wood as the Sidonians.Præcipe igitur ut præcidant mihi servi tui cedros de Libano, et servi mei sint cum servis tuis: mercedem autem servorum tuorum dabo tibi quamcumque petieris: scis enim quomodo non est in populo meo vir qui noverit ligna cædere sicut Sidonii. 7Now when Hiram had heard the words of Solomon, he rejoiced exceedingly, and said: Blessed be the Lord God this day, who hath given to David a very wise son over this numerous people.Avendo adunque sentito Hiram le parole di Salomone, ne ebbe gran piacere, e disse: Benedetto sia oggi il Signore Dio, il quale ha dato a Davidde un figliuolo sapientissimo, per reggere un popolo così numeroso.When Hiram therfore had heard the wordes of Salomon, he reioysed excedingly, and said: Blessed be the Lord God this day, who hath geuen vnto Dauid a sonne most wise ouer this people so great in number.Cum ergo audisset Hiram verba Salomonis, lætatus est valde, et ait: Benedictus Dominus Deus hodie, qui dedit David filium sapientissimum super populum hunc plurimum. 8And Hiram sent to Solomon, saying: I have heard all thou hast desired of me; and I will do all thy desire concerning cedar trees, and fir trees.E Hiram mandò a dire a Salomone: Ho inteso tutto quello, che tu mi domandi: io farò tutto quel, che tu vuoi riguardo ai legnami di cedro, e di abete.And Hiram sent to Salomon, saying: I haue heard whatsoeuer thou hast willed me: I wil doe al thy wil in cedre trees, and firre trees.Et misit Hiram ad Salomonem, dicens: Audivi quæcumque mandasti mihi: ego faciam omnem voluntatem tuam in lignis cedrinis et abiegnis. 9My servants shall bring them down from Libanus to the sea: and I will put them together in floats, on the sea, and convey them to the place, which thou shalt signify to me, and will land them there, and thou shalt receive them: and thou shalt allow me necessaries to furnish food for my household.I miei servi li porteranno dal Libano al mare: e io ne farò formare delle fodere sul mare, per trasmettergli al luogo, che tu mi additerai: e ivi li farò posare: e tu li farai ritirare: e mi darai quello, che mi bisogna pel vitto della mia casa.My seruantes shal bring them downe from Libanus to the sea and I wil put them in boates in the sea, vnto the place, which thou shalt signifie to me; and wil land them there, and thou shalt take them: and thou shalt allow me necessaries, that there be meate geuen for my house.Servi mei deponent ea de Libano ad mare, et ego componam ea in ratibus in mari usque ad locum quem significaveris mihi: et applicabo ea ibi, et tu tolles ea: præbebisque necessaria mihi, ut detur cibus domui meæ.
10So Hiram gave Solomon cedar trees, and fir trees, according to all his desire.Hiram pertanto dava a Salomone del legname di cedro, e di abete quanto ei ne voleva.Therfore Hiram gaue Salomon cedre trees, and firre trees, according to al his wil.Itaque Hiram dabat Salomoni ligna cedrina, et ligna abiegna, juxta omnem voluntatem ejus. 11And Solomon allowed Hiram twenty thousand measures of wheat, for provision for his house, and twenty measures of the purest oil: thus gave Solomon to Hiram every year.E Salomone dava ad Hiram venti mila cori di grano pel mantenimento della sua casa e venti cori d'olio finissimo: tutto questo dava Salomone ad Hiram anno per anno.And Salomon allowed Hiram twentie thousand cores of wheate, for prouision for his house, and twentie cores of 〈◊〉 pure oile: these thinges did Salomon geue to Hiram euerie yeare.Salomon autem præbebat Hiram coros tritici viginti millia in cibum domui ejus, et viginti coros purissimi olei: hæc tribuebat Salomon Hiram per singulos annos. 12And the Lord gave wisdom to Solomon, as he promised him: and there was peace between Hiram and Solomon, and they two made a league together.E il Signore diede a Salomone la saggezza, conforme gli avea promesso: ed era pace tra Hiram, e Salomone, e fecero tra di loro alleanza.Our Lord also gaue wisedom to Salomon, as he spake to him: & there was peace betwen Hiram & Salomon, and both made a league.Dedit quoque Dominus sapientiam Salomoni, sicut locutus est ei: et erat pax inter Hiram et Salomonem, et percusserunt ambo fœdus. 13And king Solomon chose workmen out of all Israel, and the levy was of thirty thousand men.E il re Salomone scelse degli operai da tutto Israele, e furono comandati trenta mila uomini.And king Salomon chose workmen out of al Israel, and the taxed number was of thirtie thousand men.Elegitque rex Salomon operarios de omni Israël, et erat indictio triginta millia virorum. 14And he sent them to Libanus, ten thousand every month, by turns, so that two months they were at home: and Adoniram was over this levy.E mandavagli al Libano a vicenda, dieci mila ogni mese: talmente che per due mesi se ne stavano alle case loro: e Adoniram era preposto a questa comandata.And he sent them into Libanus, ten thousand euerie moneth by course, so that two monethes they were in their houses: and Adoniram was ouer this taxing.Mittebatque eos in Libanum, decem millia per menses singulos vicissim, ita ut duobus mensibus essent in domibus suis: et Adoniram erat super hujuscemodi indictione. 15And Solomon had seventy thousand to carry burdens, and eighty thousand to hew stones in the mountain:E avea Salomone settanta mila uomini, che portavano i pesi, e ottanta mila scarpellini sulla montagna:And Salomon had seuentie thousand of them that caried burdens, and eightie thousand hewers of stones in the mountaine:Fueruntque Salomoni septuaginta millia eorum qui onera portabant, et octoginta millia latomorum in monte,
16Besides the overseers who were over every work, in number three thousand and three hundred, that ruled over the people, and them that did the work.Senza contare quelli, che presedevano a' varj lavori, in numero di tre mila trecento, i quali dirigevano la gente, e i lavoratori.besides the ouerseers which were ouer euerie worke, in number three thousand, and three hundred that commanded the people, and them that did the worke.absque præpositis qui præerant singulis operibus, numero trium millium et trecentorum, præcipientium populo et his qui faciebant opus. 17And the king commanded that they should bring great stones, costly stones, for the foundation of the temple, and should square them:E il re comandò, che si prendessero pietre grandi, pietre di pregio pe' fondamenti del tempio, e le riquadrassero:And the king commanded, that they should take great stones, chosen stones for the foundation of the temple, and should square them:Præcepitque rex ut tollerent lapides grandes, lapides pretiosos in fundamentum templi, et quadrarent eos: 18And the masons of Solomon, and the masons of Hiram, hewed them: and the Giblians prepared timber and stones to build the house.E le tagliarono gli scarpellini di Salomone, e quelli di Hiram: e quelli di Giblos lavorarono il legname, e le pietre per la fabbrica della casa.which the masons of Salomon, and masons of Hiram hewed: moreouer the Giblians prepared timber and stones, to build the house.quos dolaverunt cæmentarii Salomonis et cæmentarii Hiram: porro Giblii præparaverunt ligna et lapides ad ædificandam domum.
5:1
Year of the World 2992, Year before Christ 1012.
Haydock
Hiram. Josephus says, that the temple was built in the 11th year of this prince. He must therefore have been the son of David's friend, as the former had sent artificers to build David's house, (2 Kings 5:11.; Calmet) above 30 years before. But there may be a mistake in the number, as the Scripture evidently speaks of the same king; and Josephus had said before, "Hiram rejoiced exceedingly that Solomon had succeeded to the throne; (for he had been the friend of David) and he sent ambassadors to congratulate with him on his present felicity, by whom Solomon wrote," etc. The mutual letters of these kings were still preserved in the archives of Tyre; and this author confidently appeals to them, as he deems it "impious to insert any fiction" in his history. (Josephus, Antiquities 8:2.) He quotes Dius and Menander; who asserted, that these princes proposed enigmas to each other; and that Hiram was obliged to pay a large sum of money, as he could not explain that which Solomon had proposed, etc. (Josephus, contra Apion i.) (Haydock)
5:3
Wars. Many interpreters assert that this was the real impediment, (Tostat; Salien, etc.) rather than the blood, which David had already spilt, 2 Kings vii., and 1 Paralipomenon 22:8.
5:4
5:6
Libanus. It belonged to Israel, since the victory of David, 2 Kings 10:18. Solomon built some fortresses on the mountain, 3 Kings 9:19. The cedar-trees grow chiefly towards Phenicia, above Biblos. They bear a great resemblance with fir-trees, and grow in a pyramidical form. The wood is hard and bitter, so that worms will not molest it. Hence it was much used in the temple of Ephesus, and in other large buildings; lacunaria ex ea....propter aeternitatem sunt facta. (Vitruvius 2:9.)
Calmet
Sidonians. It seems they were subject to the king of Tyre, or this was the common title of all the Phenicians. (Calmet)
5:7
Haydock
Lord (Jehova) God "of Israel," as it is expressed, 2 Paralipomenon 2:12. (Haydock)
Calemt
This pagan prince adored and erected temples and altars in honour of Baal, Astarte, and Hercules; (Josephus, etc.) yet he did not hesitate to acknowledge the God of Israel, as he supposed that there was a god for each nation. See 3 Kings 20:28., and 4 Kings 17:27. (Calemt)
Haydock
Thus many think that they may serve the God of unity, by going to hear the sermons of men who preach a contradictory doctrine. The devil will be satisfied, if he can share the divine honours: but God will admit of no rival, nor can he sanction any but the true religion. (Haydock)
5:8
Calmet
Fir-trees. Some take these to be another species of cedars, as they say fir is too slender and corruptible; (Martin, etc.) and Solomon had not asked for it, ver. 6.; though he does in 2 Paralipomenon 2:8, where (Haydock) the word is translated archeuthina, "juniper-trees," by the Septuagint and St. Jerome. (Calmet)
Menochius
Beroshim, is rendered fir-trees by Pagnin; box or cedars, etc., by others. The precise import of the Hebrew names of plants, animals, etc., is not sufficiently known. (Menochius)
Calmet
Fir is use by the best architects. (Virtuvius, 2:9.) (Calmet)
5:9
Calmet
There. Joppe was fixed upon, as the port nearest Jerusalem, 2 Paralipomenon 2:16. The trees were squared and rolled, (Calmet) or dragged (Haydock) from the mountain-top to the river Adonis, or the plain of Biblos, and then sent in floats by sea. (Calmet)
Calmet
Household, for the workmen employed in cutting the wood; (2 Paralipomenon; Menochius) and also for Hiram's other servants, as the kings of the East paid them not with money. (Calmet)
Servius
The Tyrians neglected agriculture. (Servius)
5:11
Haydock
Wheat, "ground or beaten." (Hebrew; Paralipomenon) (Haydock)
By comparing this passage with 3 Kings 4:22, we may see how much the court of Solomon surpassed that of Hiram. The former consumed 90 measures of flour a day; and 20,000 of wheat sufficed for the Tyrian prince's family a whole year.
Piscator
Twenty. It is supposed by many commentators that thousand is to be supplied from the former sentence; as there seems otherwise to be no proportion between the wheat and the oil. (Piscator, etc.)
Calmet
The Septuagint, Syriac, etc., read 20,000. (Calmet)
Haydock
The Alexandrian copy has not core, but only beth, (Haydock) or "bath," which is a smaller measure, containing 29 pints and something more, (Calmet) or seven gallons, four pints, English wine measure; whereas the core, or chomer, consisted of 75 gallons, five pints. (Arbuthnot) (Haydock)
Calmet
In Paralipomenon, the workmen have 20,000 cores of wheat, and also of barley, and as many baths of wine and of oil; which bear some proportion with each other. (Calmet)
5:14
Calmet
Levy, or tribute. The men had only to procure stones, as the Tyrians had engaged to do all which regarded the wood. (Calmet)
Menochius
These were Israelites. (Menochius)
5:15
Calmet
Mountain of Libanus. (Calmet)
Paralipomenon mountains: but the Hebrew is singular in both places. They were all proselytes or strangers.
5:16
Sa
Three hundred. In 2 Paralipomenon (2:2., and 18,) we read six hundred; (Haydock) as there are 300 superior officers included. (Calmet) (Menochius) (Sa, etc.)
Haydock
But these 3600 are all overseers. (Haydock)
5:17
Calmet
Foundation, which did not appear. (Calmet)
Haydock
What sort would, therefore, be chosen for the most conspicuous parts of the temple? (Haydock)
5:18
5:1
St Ambrose of Milan † AD 397 Exposition of the Christian Faith 1.pref.1
1. The Queen of the South, as we read in the Book of the Kings, came to hear the wisdom of Solomon. Likewise King Hiram sent to Solomon that he might prove him.
5:3
Origen † AD 254 Origen's Commentary on the Gospel of John 10.23
… The body is the Church, and we learn from Peter that it is a house of God, built of living stones, a spiritual house for a holy priesthood. Thus the son of David, who builds this house, is a type of Christ. He builds it when his wars are at an end,
5:4
St Cyril of Jerusalem † AD 386 The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril 2.4
… but having been created good, he has of his own free will become a devil, and received that name from his action. For being an Archangel he was afterwards called a devil from his slandering: from being a good servant of God he has become rightly named Satan; for “Satan” is interpreted the adversary
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 Homilies on Second Corinthians 26
… What then is the meaning of what is said? An adversary is called, in the Hebrew, Satan; and in the third Book of Kings the Scripture has so termed such as were adversaries; and speaking of Solomon, says, ‘In his days there was no Satan,’ that is, no adversary, enemy, or opponent. (
5:15
Origen † AD 254 Origen's Commentary on the Gospel of John 10.23
… And the management and service of these things will be entrusted to holy powers, angels of God, being, respectively, lordships, thrones, dominions, or powers; and there will be others subject to these, typified by three thousand six hundred
5:18
Origen † AD 254 Origen's Commentary on the Gospel of John 10.22
The Jews therefore said, “Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou raise it up in three days?” How the Jews said that the temple had been forty-six years building, we cannot tell, if we adhere to the history. For it is written in the third Book of Kings,
5:1
1. Hiram also, king of Tyre, sent his servants to Solomon, to congratulate him as it were a new king upon his inauguration. Josephus and Eupolemus in Eusebius, book IX of the Preparation, recount letters of Hiram and Solomon received from the Archives of the Tyrians, whose title is: Suron to King Solomon the Great, greeting, where he calls him a great king, as it were a king of kings, on account of his wisdom as much as his riches and power. For Hiram in Hebrew and by the Septuagint is called Chiram or Churam, as it were Chirom or Tyrom, that is, king of the Tyrians, says Serarius. By the Phoenicians Hiram is called Surom (for Tyre in Hebrew is called שור sor, that is, a rock, because it is situated on a cliff: whence Sarranum ostrum is called Tyrian purple); by Theophilus of Antioch, Hieromenus and Hieromenus, whose daughter Tatianus asserts married Solomon. By Josephus, book VIII of the Antiquities chapter II, and book I Against Apion, he is called Iromus son of Abibali.
5:4
Vers. 4. And there is no satan, that is to say, There is no adversary, there is no enemy to me, with whom I may wage war, or who may hinder me from the building of the temple.
5:7
Verse 7. Blessed be the Lord God this day, who hath given to David a son most wise. Hence it appears that Hiram, partly from familiarity with David, partly from the wisdom and prosperity of Solomon, came to know the true God, whom they themselves worshipped. For he calls him Jehova (as the Hebrews have it), which is the proper name of the God of Moses and the Hebrews. Hence also he strenuously cooperated with Solomon in the building of the temple of the true God, sending so many thousands of workers, wood, and stones; which assuredly he would not have done if he himself had thought that the God of Solomon was not true, but false: for he would have built an idol instead of a temple. Seleucus, king of Asia, did something similar, II Maccabees III, 3. For previously Hiram had worshipped Hercules and Astarte, gods of the Tyrians, and had built temples to them, as Josephus asserts, book I Against Apion. Perhaps also Hiram, together with these his ancestral gods, also worshipped the God of the Hebrews, as the Assyrians did when transplanted to Samaria, as we shall hear in book IV, chapter XVII. Hence Eucherius and Angelomus understand allegorically by Hiram the kings of the Gentiles, such as Constantine, Theodosius, Gratian, Charles, who aided Christ and the Apostles in building and spreading the Church. Whence also Hiram or Chiram in Hebrew is the same as life exalted, or the sublimity of life; or principality, or nobility, or brightness before, says Pagninus in the Hebrew Names.
5:10
Verse 10. And so Hiram gave to Solomon cedar wood and fir wood, namely cedars and firs. The second book of Paralipomenon adds, chapter II, 8: "Wood of juniper," that is, juniper wood, as the Septuagint translates it, namely junipers, which there grow to great height and thickness, so that beams for buildings may be made from them. For although David prepared wood and other material for the building of the temple, as is said in I Paralipomenon XXII, 14, yet this was not sufficient for Solomon, who was planning greater and more numerous buildings of his palaces. Thus Abulensis. Allegorically, Eucherius and Angelomus: "The converted Gentility," he says, "sent to Christ certain men, and illustrious according to the world, but already cast down and humbled by the axe of the Lord's rebuke from the mountain of their pride, who, instructed according to the norm of evangelical truth, would be placed in the building of the Church, each according to his own merit or time. She sent also craftsmen: because she offered to the Lord converted philosophers, true to wisdom, who by right of learning would be set over peoples to govern them, such as Dionysius the Areopagite was in the times of the Apostles themselves, such as afterward the most sweet and most strong doctor and martyr Cyprian, and very many others. She sent also gold, which is understood in almost the same significance, because namely she showed forth men distinguished in wisdom and talent, for all which offerings the Gentility expects from God gifts of heavenly grace."
5:11
Verse 11. And Solomon gave to Hiram twenty thousand measures of wheat. For Tyre was then an island and surrounded on all sides by the sea, so that in it neither sowing nor reaping could take place. Whence Hiram, asking wheat from Solomon in his letter preserved in Josephus, says: "We have need of wheat, for we are islanders:" but afterward Tyre, besieged by Nebuchadnezzar for thirteen years, with earth heaped up in the sea so that it could be approached and conquered, became a peninsula, as I said on Ezekiel XXIX, 17 and 18, and Isaiah XXIII, 10.
5:13
Verse 13. And king Solomon chose workmen from all Israel, and the levy was thirty thousand men. By "workmen" understand the chief men and craftsmen, or overseers of works. For, as is said in chapter IX, 22, "of the children of Israel Solomon made no man to serve, but they were men of war, and his ministers, and princes, and captains, and prefects of chariots and horses."
5:15
Vers. 15. And Solomon had seventy thousand of those that carried burdens, and eighty thousand hewers of stone in the mountain, that is, stone-cutters, who would cut stones from the mountain or rock. For these were not Israelites, as I have already said, but proselytes, as is evident from II Paralipomenon II, 17 and 18. These proselytes therefore were Gabaonites and other Chanaanites subject to the Hebrews, and converted to Judaism. The proselytes therefore who carried burdens and the stone-cutters in the building of the temple were altogether 150 thousand, but of the Hebrews thirty thousand, as was said in verse 13, which add to 150 thousand, and there will be 180 thousand. To these add the Tyrians and Sidonians, whom Solomon had requested from Hiram, and he himself had sent to him, as is evident from verses 6 and 9, and the Egyptians, whom Pharao the father-in-law of Solomon had destined for him, and there will be two hundred thousand and more of those who labored in the building of the temple, indeed, if we believe Eupolemus in Eusebius, lib. II De Praeparatione, there will be three hundred and forty thousand: for Eupolemus asserts that Hiram sent to Solomon eighty thousand Tyrians, and Pharao the same number of thousands of Egyptians, which joined together make 160 thousand, which if you add to 180 thousand destined by Solomon, there will be 340 thousand. But this number seems excessive and almost incredible. Whence some think there is an error in the numbers of Eupolemus or Eusebius, so that eighty thousand may have crept in for eight or eighteen thousand. Under stone-cutters, that is hewers of stone, understand also cutters of wood, but here stone-cutters alone are numbered, because there were more stone-cutters than wood-cutters. Thus under those that carried burdens understand also charioteers, sailors, muleteers, grooms, etc.
5:16
Vers. 16. Besides the overseers, etc., in number three thousand and three hundred. You will say: In II Paralipomenon II, three thousand and six hundred are numbered. I answer, of the six hundred there were three hundred, who were set over the overseers themselves, whom the book of Paralipomenon adds and supplies. Thus Vatablus, Dionysius, Cajetan and Salianus.
5:17
Vers. 17. That they might carry great stones, precious stones, for the foundation of the temple. Therefore these precious stones were not diamonds, carbuncles, emeralds, but marble: for these are hard and strong, so that they may be placed in foundations and there sustain the whole building. Moreover marble is of great price and of various kinds. One is called Ophites, because it has spots like serpents: for ὄφις is serpent. Another is called Porphyrites, because it is reddish, and is sprinkled with white spots. Another is Parian and white, another blackish, another green. Another is called sphengites, because it shines and is translucent.
5:18
Vers. 18. Moreover the Giblites prepared wood and stones. Some think these craftsmen are called Giblites from the Hebrew גבול gebul, that is boundary, because by hewing they would finish the stones with elegant form and boundary. But I say the Giblites or Biblites (for the letter g is sometimes exchanged with the letter b) are called from the city of Biblos, concerning which Adrichomius, page 185, number 41: "Biblus," he says, "or Byblos, and Biblium, formerly Eve or Evaea, now Gibel, Giblec and Bibleth called, a renowned city of Phoenicia, which in Hebrew is Gebal and Gobel; and its inhabitants are called Biblii or Giblii in the sacred writings. This toward the North from the river Cane three miles, but toward the South from the city of Botro four miles situated above the sea, is said to have been founded by Evaeus the sixth son of Chanaan, concerning which in the third book of Kings we read in this manner. Moreover the Giblites prepared (for Solomon) wood and stones to build the house of the Lord." Finally in Biblos were temples of Adonis, says Strabo, lib. XVI. Today it is called Gaeta.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
5:1
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… Among the various cases of this kind let us note: I Reg. 5, 1 and 5, 4 (extension of Solomon's dominion); ibid. 5, 6-30 and 10, 23-36 (wealth and magnificence of Solomon; tributes paid to him); ibid. 9, 28 and 10, 11 (riches imported from Ophir); …
5:4
… "slanderer." In the Septuagint it corresponds to šāṭān (1 Chron. 21:1; Job 1:6-12; 2:1-7; Ps. 108:6; Zech. 3:1-2) designating the adversary of God's servants; but when šāṭān, without the article, indicates a human enemy (1 Sam. 29:4; 2 Sam. 19:22; 1 Kings 5:4 [Heb. 18], and cf. 11:14, 23, 25), it is translated ἐπίβουλος "plotter." Διάβολος translates šār and šōrēr ("enemy": Haman) in Esth. 7:4 and 8:1. While the Vulgate of the Old …
5:6
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… Among the various cases of this kind let us note: I Reg. 5, 1 and 5, 4 (extension of Solomon's dominion); ibid. 5, 6-30 and 10, 23-36 (wealth and magnificence of Solomon; tributes paid to him); ibid. 9, 28 and 10, 11 (riches imported from Ophir); II Reg. 13, 12 ff.
… The precious wood of the cedar was widely used by Solomon in his many sumptuous constructions (1 Kings 5:6; 7:2, etc.) and likewise by wealthy Hebrews in their palaces (Isa. 9:10). It was also used to build ships (Ezek. 27:5) or idols (Isa. 44:14). Considered a symbol of life and of legal …
… The Canaanites of Phoenicia, geographically separated from Palestine and soon entering upon a historical and political evolution different from that of the Palestinian peoples, were called after their principal city, as in Homer, Sidonians (cf. Deut. 3, 9; Iudc. 10, 6.12; 18, 7; I Reg. 5, 6 [20]; 11, 1. 5. 33; II Sam. 23, 13).
… To the Phoenician craftsmen (I Kings 5:18) Solomon added a great number of local laborers (I Kings 5:6, 13 ff.; 9:20-21); as for the timber, H. had it cut and transported from the mountains to the sea and from there on rafts as far as Joppa, whence Solomon's workers had it continue on to Jerusalem. …
poetic texts (cf. Iudc. 9, 15; Is. 2, 13; 60, 13; Jer. 22, 23; Ez. 17, 3; 27, 5; 31, 3; Zach. 11, 1; Ps. 28, 5; 91, 13, etc.) and in the historical ones (cf. I Reg. 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, etc.) already the Egyptians exploited the famous woods of Lebanon, which they came to take from the port of Byblos. …
5:9
… stores of metals, precious stones, marbles and cedar wood from Lebanon, besides immense sums of gold and silver; he gave Solomon the detailed design of the buildings "inspired by God" (ibid. 28, 1-29, 19), exhorting the princes to assist him. Solomon (I Reg. 5, 9-15; II Par. 2-8) made an agreement with Hiram king of Tyre for the cutting and transport of cedars and firs (cypresses?) from Lebanon to Jerusalem, via Joppa, assigning to this task …
… It has its origin in God (Ex. 28:3; 1 Kings 3:9; 5:9; Is. 28:26; Ecclus. 38:6); its basis is the "fear of God" (Prov. 1:7; 9:10; Job 28:28; Ecclus. 1:16-22; Ps. 110:10). Especially after the exile, wisdom became the favorite …
5:11
… Solomon compensated H. in kind (I Kings 5:11), but later, to settle his debt, he also had to hand over to him a tract of land in Galilee, where 20 inhabited centers stood (I Kings 9:10-14). When later Solomon wished to have …
5:12
… brief sententious saying that serves to inculcate a truth or a principle of moral and practical order: it is the parable more properly so called (Ezek. 17, 2; 24, 3), the similitude and the example, the saying of popular use (more precisely proverb: I Kings 5, 12; Job 13, 12; Prov. 1, 1.6; 10, 1; 25, 1; 26, 7.9), the witty and sarcastic mot (Ezek. 12, 22 f.; 18, 2 f.; Mic. 2, 4; Hab. 2, 6), the words of mockery
5:13
… When R. sent to the rebels, to bring them back to obedience, that Adoniram who had been the overseer of the forced-labor works in the last years of David and throughout the reign of Solomon (2 Sam. 20:24; 1 Kings 4:6; 5:13), the royal envoy was stoned by the furious people.
5:15
… From the 12th century the authority of Sidon prevailed, which, around the year 1000, was replaced by that of Tyre, whose king Hiram I (996-936) maintained political and commercial relations with David and Solomon (cf. II Sam. 5:11; I Kings 5:15-32; 9:11-14, 27; 10:11). Ittobaal (887-850), the third successor of Hiram, made an alliance with Omri and Ahab, kings of Israel (884-854), and under Pygmalion (820-774) Carthage arose …
5:18
The Old Testament mentions B. only three times: Ios. 13, 5 (doubtful text) mentions it as the northern boundary of the Promised Land; in I Reg. 5, 18, the Gebalites appear as workmen (woodcutters and masons) in the building of Solomon's temple; in Ez. 27, 9, the elders and the experts of B. are called the caulkers who repair the …
… To the Phoenician craftsmen (I Kings 5:18) Solomon added a great number of local laborers (I Kings 5:6, 13 ff.; 9:20-21); as for the timber, H. had it cut and transported from the mountains to the sea and from there on rafts …
Gen. 26:21, "accusation" Ezra 4:6) occurs in the Hebrew Bible nine times as a common noun: "adversary" in war (1 Sam. 29:4; 1 Kings 5:18; 11:14, 23, 25) or in court (Ps. 108:6) or one who bars the way: 2 Sam. 19:23; cf. Matt. 16:23 and Matt. 8:33: Jesus rebuffs Peter who obstructs his path to the cross; 1 Macc. 1:36 …
5:24
1. King of Tyre (Heb. Hirām; Hirām in I Kings 5:24; Hirām in I Chron. 14:1 qērē), who at the time of the capture of Jerusalem sent David an embassy of homage, bearing cedar as a gift and accompanied by a group of craftsmen who …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.