559 articles
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English index · Indice italiano
Jeanne Antide Thouret, Saint(GIOVANNA ANTIDA THOURET, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 313 GIOVANNA ANTIDA THOURET, saint. — Born at Sancey-le-Lond (Doubs) on 27 Nov. 1765, died at Naples on 24 Aug. 1826. Formed in compassion toward the poor and the…
Jeanne D'Albret, Queen Of Navarre(GIOVANNA D'ALBRET, REGINA DI NAVARRA)Vol. VI, p. 311 GIOVANNA d'Albret, queen of NAVARRA. - The last of the d'Albret dynasty reigning over French Navarre, G. was born at Pau on 7 Jan. 1528: her father was Enrico…
Jeanne de Lestonnac, Saint(GIOVANNA DE LESTONNAC, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 316 GIOVANNA de LESTONNAC, saint. – Niece of the celebrated essayist Michele Montaigne and foundress of the Company of the Daughters of Mary Our Lady, born in…
Jeannerat, GiuseppeVol. VII, p. 368 JEANNERAT, GIUSEPPE. - Papal officer, b. 31 Dec. 1813 in Switzerland, d. 27 Nov. 1897 at Bologna. He entered the service of the Pontiff on 5 Aug. 1835 in the…
Jebusites(IEBUSEI)Vol. VI, p. 921 IEBUSEI. - The gentilic name of an ancient clan (Hebr. [ha] - Jēbhūti, always with the article, except in II Sam. 5, 8; I Par. 11, 6; Zach. 9, 7, and in the…
Jeconiah(IECHONIAS)Vol. VI, p. 921 IECHONIAS: v. IOACHIN.
Jectan (Hebrew Jōqṭān, Septuagint: Iektán)(IECTAN (EBR. JOQTĀN, SETTANTA: ἸΕΚΤΆΝ))Vol. VI, p. 921 IECTAN (Hebr. Joqtān, Septuagint: Ἰεκτάν). — Son of Eber of the line of Shem (Gen. 10:25), whose sons (Gen. 10:26–30) bear names recognizable as tribes or…
Jefferson, ThomasVol. VII, p. 369 JEFFERSON, THOMAS. — American statesman, born in Shadwell (Virginia) on 13 April 1743, died at Monticello (Virginia) on 4 July 1826. For several years he was a…
Jehiel (Hebrew Jēhī'ēl or Jē'ī'ēl)(IEHIEL (EBR. JĒHĪ'ĒL OPPURE JĒ'Ī'ĒL))Vol. VI, p. 921 IEHIEL (Hebr. Jēhī'ēl or Jē'ī'ēl). – A fairly frequent biblical name, borne by Levites about whom nothing else is known (I Par. 5:7; 9:35; 15:18, 21; 16:5; II…
Jehol, Diocese of(JEHOL, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 369 JEHOL, DIOCESE of. - Mission of eastern Mongolia, erected as an apostolic vicariate on 11 Dec. 1883; after various boundary changes, it received its present…
Jehovah's Witnesses(TESTIMONI DI GEOVA)Vol. XII, p. 37 TESTIMONI DI GEOVA. – Sect that separated from the Adventists in 1879. It was founded by Carlo Russel with the aim of proclaiming to the world the imminent…
Jehu(IEHU)Vol. VI, p. 922 IEHU. – Prophet, son of Hanani, who exercised his prophetic activity in the kingdom of Israel in the time of King Baasa (910–887 B.C.), whom he reproached for…
Jehudah Hal-Levi(JĒHŪDHĀH HAL-LĒWĪ)Vol. VII, p. 369 JĒHŪDHĀH HAL-LĒWĪ: v. GIUDA LEVITA.
Jeiler, IgnazVol. VII, p. 369 JEILER, IGNAZ. - Franciscan theologian and medievalist, b. at Havixbeck in Westphalia on 4 Dec. 1823, d. at Quaracchi on 4 Dec. 1904. He studied at Münster and…
Jelenić, JulijanVol. VII, p. 369 JELENIĆ, JULIJAN. - Franciscan historian, b. at Riječane in Bosnia on 29 Aug. 1877, d. on 5 Aug. 1931. Ordained priest in 1903, he was appointed professor at…
Jeningen, PhilippVol. VII, p. 370 JENINGEN, PHILIPP. - German Jesuit, b. at Eichstätt on 5 Jan. 1642, d. in the repute of holiness at Ellwangen (Württemberg) on 8 Feb. 1704. Having entered the…
Jenson, NicolaVol. VII, p. 370 JENSON, NICOLA. - Printer, b. at Sommervöre (Haute-Marne), d. at Venice in September 1480 or 1482. Having come to Italy in 1470, he opened his own workshop in…
Jenzenstein (Jenstein), Jana DiVol. VII, p. 370 JENZENSTEIN (JENSTEIN), JANA di. — Archbishop of Prague, b. in 1350, d. in 1400. After completing his studies at Padua, Bologna, and Paris (1370–75), J. became…
Jephthah (Hebrew Jiphtāh)(IEPHTE (EBR. JIPHTĀH))Vol. VI, p. 922 IEPHTE (Heb. Jiphtāh). — A Gileadite warrior and judge of Israel (I Sam. 12:11), whose deeds are narrated in Iudc. 10:6–12:7. The illegitimate son of Gilead,…
Jerahmeel (Hebrew Jērahmē'ēl)(IERAMEEL (EBR. JÉRAHMĒ'EL))Vol. VI, p. 923 IERAMEEL (Heb. Jérahmē'el). - 1. First son of Hesron, grandson of Giuda (I Par. 2, 9, 25 ff., 33-42). The descendants of I. (concerning whom T. K. Cheyne…
Jeremiah (Hebrew Yirmeyāh[â] = "Yahweh Exalts or Establishes")(GEREMIA (EBR. JIRMÉJÂH[Â] = « JAHWEH INNALZA O STABILISCE »))Vol. VI, p. 84 GEREMIA (Heb. Jirméjâh[â] = “Jahweh raises up or establishes”).—The second of the four major Hebrew prophets. SUMMARY: I. Life of G.—II. Book of G.—III.…
Jeremias II Tranos, Patriarch of Constantinople(GEREMIA II TRANOS, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. VI, p. 89 GEREMIA II TRANOS, patriarch of COSTANTINOPOLI. - He was patriarch in the following years: 1572–79, 1580–84, 1589–95. On the occasion of his journey to Russia,…
Jericho (Hebrew Yērīkō, Arabic Eriha)(GERICO (EBR. JĒRIKŌ, AR. ERIKAH))Vol. VI, p. 91 JERICHO (Heb. Jērikō, Ar. Erikah). — Palestinian city, the first that the Israelites encountered in the land of Canaan after crossing the Jordan and, through…
Jericó, Diocese of(JERICÓ, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 370 JERICÓ, DIOCESE OF. - Diocese and city in Colombia in South America. It has an area of 3,261 sq. km. with 250,000 inhabitants, all Catholic; it comprises 20…
Jeroboam(GEROBOAMO)Vol. VI, p. 129 GEROBOAMO: v. IEROBOAM.
Jeroboam I(IEROBOAM I)Vol. VI, p. 923 IEROBOAM I. – King of Israel (ca. 932–911 B.C.), son of the widow Sarva, of the tribe of Ephraim. He founded the first dynasty in the Kingdom of Israel after…
Jeroboam II(IEROBOAM II)Vol. VI, p. 923 IEROBOAM II. — King of Israel (784–744 B.C.), son of Ioas, of the dynasty of Iehu (v.), is perhaps the most illustrious of the kings of Israel after the…
Jerome (III) of Gesù Maria, Venerable(GIROLAMO (TERZO) DI GESÙ MARIA, VENERABILE)Vol. VI, p. 410 GIROLAMO (Terzo) di GESÙ MARIA, venerable. – Carmelite, b. at Noto (Sicily) on 17 May 1683, d. 11 Apr. 1758. From 1707 onward he lived as a hermit near Noto,…
Jerome dai Libri(GIROLAMO DAI LIBRI)Vol. VI, p. 411 GIROLAMO dai LIBRI. - Painter, b. in Verona in 1474, d. there on 2 July 1555. He began his artistic training under the guidance of his father Francesco, a…
Jerome del Pacchia(GIROLAMO DEL PACCHIA)Vol. VI, p. 411 GIROLAMO del PACCHIA. - Painter, born in Siena on 5 May 1477; said to have died in France after 1533. He was the son of a stucco-worker, Giovanni di Giovanni…
Jerome of Brescia(GIROLAMO DA BRESCIA)Vol. VI, p. 410 GIROLAMO da BRESCIA. – Benedictine architect, born in the second half of the 15th century and active in the early years of the 16th. Architect of the cloister…
Jerome of Cremona(GIROLAMO DA CREMONA)Vol. VI, p. 410 GIROLAMO da CREMONA. - Lombard painter active between 1467 and 1483, initially under the influence of local illuminators and subsequently of Mantegna and…
Jerome of Montefortino(GIROLAMO DA MONTEFORTINO)Vol. VI, p. 411 GIROLAMO da MONTEFORTINO. - Franciscan theologian, Angelo Bucci in the secular state, born at Montefortino (now Artena) on 14 Nov. 1662, died at Rome on 12…
Jerome of Pistoia(GIROLAMO DA PISTOIA)Vol. VI, p. 412 GIROLAMO da PISTOIA. – Capuchin theologian and preacher, born c. 1508 to the Finucci (or Finugi) family, died at Suda (Crete) on 29 November 1570. He entered…
Jerome of Prague(GIROLAMO DA PRAGA)Vol. VI, p. 412 GIROLAMO da PRAGA. - Bohemian religious agitator, born in Prague around 1380, died at Constance on 30 May 1416. He pursued his studies at the University of…
Jerome of Santa Croce(GIROLAMO DA SANTACROCE)Vol. VI, p. 412 GIROLAMO da SANTACROCE. - Painter, born probably around 1480, died perhaps in July 1556. He may be identified with the “Jerolimo, de maistro Bernardin,…
Jerome of Saon(GIROLAMO DA SAON)Vol. VI, p. 413 GIROLAMO da SAON. - Mystical theologian and Spanish preacher of the 17th century, born at Mota in the province of Cuenca, died in 1629. On 14 Oct. 1573 he…
Jerome of Siena(GIROLAMO DA SIENA)Vol. VI, p. 413 GIROLAMO da SIENA. – Augustinian ascetic and mystic of the 14th century, born in Siena ca. 1330, died in Arezzo ca. 1420. From the earliest years of his…
Jerome of the Mother of God(GIROLAMO DELLA MADRE DI DIO)Vol. VI, p. 411 GIROLAMO della MADRE DI DIO. — Discalced Carmelite, in the world G. García (a faulty pronunciation changed this to Gracián), born in Valladolid on 6 June 1545,…
Jerome of Treviso, the Elder(GIROLAMO DA TREVISO, IL VECCHIO)Vol. VI, p. 413 GIROLAMO da TREVISO, the Elder. - Painter, born ca. 1450 and died ca. 1496. Remembered as belonging to the Pennacchi family, doubts nevertheless remain…
Jerome of Treviso, the Younger(GIROLAMO DA TREVISO, IL GIOVANE)Vol. VI, p. 413 GIROLAMO da TREVISO, il GIOVANE. – Painter, sculptor, and architect, b. in Treviso in 1497 (?) and d. in 1544 during the siege of Boulogne in France. Bolognese…
Jerome, Saint(GIROLAMO, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 404 GIROLAMO, saint. — One of the four great Doctors of the Latin Church. SUMMARY: I. Life. — II. Works. — III. Doctrine. — IV. Law. — V. Iconography. — VI.…
JeromonacoVol. VII, p. 373 JEROMONACO : v. MONACHISMO.
Jerusalem(GERUSALEMME)Vol. VI, p. 136 JERUSALEM. - Principal city of Palestine, religious capital and center of biblical history. SUMMARY: I. Ancient history. - II. The patriarchate of J. - III.…
Jesbaam(IESBAAM)Vol. VI, p. 924 IESBAAM. - 1. The first of David’s three mighty men; in a single feat of arms he killed 300 (Paralipomeni) or 800 (Samuele) enemies. He was originally from…
Jescha(IESCHA)Vol. VI, p. 924 IESCHA. - Under this name, which occurs nowhere else in the Bible, a daughter of Aran, brother of Abramo, sister of Lot and Melcha, is mentioned in Gen. 11,…
JesiVol. VII, p. 373 JESI. — City and diocese in the province of Ancona. It has 73,000 inhabitants, of whom 62,000 are Catholics; 27 parishes with 69 diocesan priests, one…
Jesse, Tree of(JESSE, ALBERO DI)Vol. VII, p. 373 JESSE, ALBERO di. — From the passage of Isaiah, “egredietur virga de radice Jesse et flos de radice eius ascendet” (11:1), medieval iconography generally…
Jesua(IESUA)Vol. VI, p. 924 IESUA. — Name of several biblical figures. Besides a son (Heb. Jâšâh, Vulg. Iesua) of the patriarch Aser (Gen. 46:17; Num. 26:44; I Par. 7:30), the name Jâšâh…
Jesuits(GESUITI)Vol. VI, p. 195 GESUITI: V. COMPAGNIA DI GESÙ; RATIO STUDIORUM.
Jesus Christ(GESÙ CRISTO)Vol. VI, p. 154 JESUS CHRIST. - The Second Person of the Holy Trinity, that is, the Son of God made man. SUMMARY: I. The life of J. C. according to Holy Scripture. - II. J.…
Jesus Crown More Exalted(IESU CORONA CELSIOR)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU CORONA CELSIOR». — This is the hymn of Lauds in the Common of Confessors who were not pontiffs, composed by an unknown author of the 10th century. In the…
Jesus, Admirable King(IESU REX ADMIRABILIS)Vol. VI, p. 925 «IESU REX ADMIRABILIS». – Hymn of Matins for the feast of the Name of Jesus, taken, like the other two cited above, from the Iubilus rhythmicus de nomine Iesu.…
Jesus, Crown of Virgins(IESU CORONA VIRGINUM)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU CORONA VIRGINUM». – Hymn of Vespers and Lauds in the Office of Virgins, commonly attributed to St. Ambrose. Virginity has always enjoyed high esteem in…
Jesus, Glory of Angels(IESU DECUS ANGELICUM)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU DECUS ANGELICUM». – Hymn of the Lauds for the feast of the Name of Jesus, taken from a composition of 49 stanzas, wrongly attributed to St Bernard,…
Jesus, High Priest(GESÙ, SOMMO SACERDOTE)Vol. VI, p. 153 JESUS, high priest: v. JOSHUA, HIGH PRIEST.
Jesus, Redeemer of All(IESU REDEMPTOR OMNIUM)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU REDEMPTOR OMNIUM». — Hymn of Lauds in the Office of the Common of confessors who are pontiffs, in which the merits of the Saint whose feast is being…
Jesus, Redeemer Of All And Light(IESU REDEMPTOR OMNIUM-QUEM LUCIS)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU REDEMPTOR OMNIUM-QUEM LUCIS». – This is the hymn of Vespers and Matins for the feast of Christmas, by an unknown author, dating from approximately the…
Jesus, Son of Sirach(GESÙ, FIGLIO DI SIRAC)Vol. VI, p. 153 GESÙ, figlio di SIRAC: v. ECCLESIASTICO, LIBRO dell'.
Jesus, Sweet Memory(IESU DULCIS MEMORIA)Vol. VI, p. 924 «IESU DULCIS MEMORIA». — Hymn of Vespers for the feast of the Name of Jesus which, like the preceding one, is taken from the Iubilus rytmicus de nomine Iesu.…
Jesus, The Just(GESÙ, IL GIUSTO)Vol. VI, p. 153 GESÙ, il GIUSTO. – A person mentioned only in Col. 4:11, with very few details serving to identify him. Like Aristarco and Marco, mentioned there, he was of…
Jethro (Hebrew Jithro'; Ex. 4:18 Jether)(IETHRO (EBR. JITHRO'; EX. 4, 18 IETHER))Vol. VI, p. 925 IETHRO (Hebr. Jithro'; Ex. 4, 18 Iether). - Priest of Midian, father-in-law of Moses (Ex. 2, 16; 3, 1; 4, 18; 18, 1. 5. 8. 12. 14. 27). A worshipper of the…
Jettatura(IETTATURA)Vol. VI, p. 925 IETTATURA: v. MALOCCHIO.
Jeu, Libri Di(JEÜ, LIBRI DI)Vol. VII, p. 374 JEÜ, BOOKS of. — Gnostic writings attributed to Enoch by the Pistis Sophia (v.; ed. C. Schmidt, Koptisch-gnostische Schriften, Leipzig 1905, p. 158, lines…
Jeunesse Agricole Chrétienne (J.A.C.)(JEUNESSE AGRICOLE CHRÉTIENNE (J. A.C.))Vol. VII, p. 374 JEUNESSE AGRICOLE CHRÉTIENNE (J. A.C.). - Founded in 1929, it is the organization that brings together, in French-speaking countries, rural young people of…
Jeunesse Indépendante Chrétienne (J.I.C.)Vol. VII, p. 375 JEUNESSE INDÉPENDANTE CHRÉTIENNE (J.I.C.) - Founded in French-speaking countries in 1925, it is directed to all young people belonging to the middle class, the…
Jeunesse Maritime Chrétienne (J.M.C.)(JEUNESSE MARINAIRE CHRÉTIENNE (J.M.C.))Vol. VII, p. 375 JEUNESSE MARINAIRE CHRÉTIENNE (J.M.C.) - It brings together, in French-speaking countries, young people of the seafaring profession. This is for two principal…
Jeunesse Ouvrière Chrétienne (J.O.C.)(JEUNESSE OUVRIÈRE CHRÉTIENNE (J. O.C.))Vol. VII, p. 375 JEUNESSE OUVRIÈRE CHRÉTIENNE (J. O.C.) — The J.O.C., founded in French-speaking countries in 1925, is a movement of young workers, organized “among themselves,…
Jeunesse Étudiante Chrétienne (J.E.C.)Vol. VII, p. 375 JEUNESSE ÉTUDIANTE CHRÉTIENNE (J.E.C.) - Founded in 1927, it brings together in the various French-speaking countries all young students, with the threefold…
Jevons, Frank ByronVol. VII, p. 375 JEVONS, FRANK BYRON. — English philologist, specializing particularly in classical literature, scholar of philosophy and the comparative history of religions,…
Jevons, William StanleyVol. VII, p. 376 JEVONS, WILLIAM STANLEY. – English philosopher and economist, born in Liverpool on 1 September 1835, died by drowning at Galley Hill, near Hastings, on 13…
Jewish Law(LEGGE EBRAICA)Vol. VII, p. 645 LEGGE EBRAICA. — In the writings of the New Testament, L. often means, besides the Sinaitic legislation and the books containing it, also the Old Testament or…
Jewish Liturgy(LITURGIA GIUDAICA)Vol. VII, p. 873 LITURGIA GIUDAICA: v. GIUDAISMO.
Jezaniah (Hebrew Ja'āzāujah and Jēzaujāh [ā] "Yahweh Has Heard")(IEZONIA (EBR. JA'ĀZĀUJAH E JĒZAUJĀH [Ä] « JAHWEH ODE »))Vol. VI, p. 926 IEZONIA (Heb. Ja'āzāujah and Jēzaujāh [ä], “Jahweh hears”). - The name of several figures in the Old Testament. 1. One of the military commanders who, having…
Jezebel(GEZABELE)Vol. VI, p. 200 GEZABELE : v. IEZABELE.
Jezebel(IEZABEL)Vol. VI, p. 925 IEZABEL. – Daughter of the king of Sidon Ethbaal and wife of Achab (v.), king of Israel (875–853), over whom she exercised a pernicious influence and whose…
Jezreel ("God Sows", Allusion To The Fertility Of Its Soil)(IEZRAEL (« DIO SEMINA », ALLUSIONE ALLA FERTILITÀ DEL SUOLO))Vol. VI, p. 926 IEZRAEL (“God sows,” an allusion to the fertility of the soil). - A city in the territory of Issachar (Ios. 19, 18), furnished with walls, towers, and gates…
