They are forbid to fight against the Edomites, Moabites, and Ammonites. Their victory over Sehon king of Hesebon.
VVith commemoration of Gods continual protection of the Israelites, they are forbid to fight against the Idumeans, 9. the Moabites, or Ammonites 24. But against Sehon King of Hesebon they should fight, kil him and al his, and possesse his land.
1And departing from thence we came into the wilderness that leadeth to the Red Sea, as the Lord had spoken to me: and we compassed mount Seir a long time.E partiti da quel luogo giungemmo nella solitudine, che mena al mar Rosso, come mi avea detto il Signore: e girammo attorno al monte Seir per molto tempo.AND departing thence we came into the wildernesse, that leadeth to the Redde sea, as our Lord had said to me: and we compassed the mountaine Seir a long time.Profectique inde, venimus in solitudinem, quæ ducit ad mare Rubrum, sicut mihi dixerat Dominus: et circuivimus montem Seir longo tempore. 2And the Lord said to me:E il Signore mi disse:And our Lord said to me:Dixitque Dominus ad me: 3You have compassed this mountain long enough: go toward the north:Abbastanza siete andati girando attorno a questo monte: andate verso settentrione:It is sufficient for you to haue compassed this mountaine: goe toward the North.Sufficit vobis circuire montem istum: ite contra aquilonem: 4And command thou the people, saying: You shall pass by the borders of your brethren the children of Esau, who dwell in Seir, and they will be afraid of you.E tu fa' sapere al popolo, e digli: Voi passerete lungo i confini de' vostri fratelli figliuoli di Esaù, che abitano in Seir, e avranno paura di voi.And command thou the people, saying: You shal passe by the borders of your brethren the children of Esau, which dwel in Seir, and they wil be affraid of you.et populo præcipe, dicens: Transibitis per terminos fratrum vestrorum filiorum Esau, qui habitant in Seir, et timebunt vos. 5Take ye then good heed that you stir not against them. For I will not give you of their land so much as the step of one foot can tread upon, because I have given mount Seir to Esau, for a possession.Voi però guardatevi attentamente di non attaccar briga con essi: perocché della loro terra io non darò a voi neppur quanto può calcarne un sol piede, conciossiaché il monte di Seir l'ho dato in dominio di Esaù.Looke diligently therfore that you sturre not against them. For I wil not geue you of their land so much as the steppe of one foote can treade, because I haue geuen the mountaine Seir to be the possession of Esau.Videte ergo diligenter ne moveamini contra eos. Neque enim dabo vobis de terra eorum quantum potest unius pedis calcare vestigium, quia in possessionem Esau dedi montem Seir. 6You shall buy meats of them for money and shall eat: you shall draw waters for money, and shall drink.Comprerete a denaro contante da essi quello che mangerete, e l'acqua, che attingerete, e berete.Meates you shal bie of them with money, and shal eate: bought water shal you draw, and drinke.Cibos emetis ab eis pecunia, et comedetis: aquam emptam haurietis, et bibetis.
7The Lord thy God hath blessed thee in every work of thy hands: the Lord thy God dwelling with thee, knoweth thy journey, how thou hast passed through this great wilderness, for forty years, and thou hast wanted nothing.Il Signore Dio tuo ti ha benedetto in tutto quello che tu hai intrapreso: egli ha avuto cura del tuo viaggio: (ricordati) come tu hai trascorsa questa vasta solitudine per quarant'anni dimorando teco il Signore Dio tuo, e non ti è mancato nulla.The Lord thy God hath blessed thee in euerie worke of thy handes: he knoweth thy iourney, how thou hast passed this great wildernesse, for fourtie yeares the Lord thy God dwelling with thee, & thou hast wanted nothing.Dominus Deus tuus benedixit tibi in omni opere manuum tuarum: novit iter tuum, quomodo transieris solitudinem hanc magnam, per quadraginta annos habitans tecum Dominus Deus tuus, et nihil tibi defuit. 8And when we had passed by our brethren the children of Esau, that dwelt in Seir, by the way of the plain from Elath and from Asiongaber, we came to the way that leadeth to the desert of Moab.E quando avemmo passati i nostri fratelli i figliuoli di Esaù, i quali abitavano in Seir, per la via piana da Elath, e da Asiongaber, giungemmo alla strada, che conduce al deserto di Moab,And when we had passed by our brethren the children of Esau, that dwelt in Seir, by the champion way from Elath & from Asiongaber, we came to the way, that leadeth into the desert of Moab.Cumque transissemus fratres nostros filios Esau, qui habitabant in Seir, per viam campestrem de Elath, et de Asiongaber, venimus ad iter quod ducit in desertum Moab. 9And the Lord said to me: Fight not against the Moabites, neither go to battle against them: for I will not give thee any of their land, because I have given Ar to the children of Lot in possession.E il Signore mi disse: Non istuzzicare i Moabiti, e non venir con essi a battaglia: perocché io non ti darò un palmo della loro terra, perché ho dato Ar in dominio a' figliuoli di Lot.And our Lord said to me: Fight not against the Moabites, neither make battel against them: for I wil not geue thee any of their land, because I haue geuen Ar to the children of Lot in possession.Dixitque Dominus ad me: Non pugnes contra Moabitas, nec ineas adversus eos prælium: non enim dabo tibi quidquam de terra eorum, quia filiis Loth tradidi Ar in possessionem. 10The Emims first were the inhabitants thereof, a people great, and strong, and so tall, that like the race of the Enacims,I primi suoi abitatori furono gli Emim, popolo grande e valoroso, e di tale statura, che eran quasi creduti giganti della stirpe di Enacim,Emim first were the inhabiters therof, a great people, and valiant, and so tall that they were thought,Emim primi fuerunt habitatores ejus, populus magnus, et validus, et tam excelsus ut de Enacim stirpe, 11They were esteemed as giants, and were like the sons of the Enacims. But the Moabites call them Emims.E somigliavano i figliuoli di Enacim. Finalmente i Moabiti li chiamano Emim.as it were giantes, of the Enacims stocke, & were like the children of the Enacims. Moreouer the Moabites cal them Emim.quasi gigantes crederentur, et essent similes filiorum Enacim. Denique Moabitæ appellant eos Emim.
12The Horrhites also formerly dwelt in Seir: who being driven out and destroyed, the children of Esau dwelt there, as Israel did in the land of his possession, which the Lord gave him.Ma nel paese di Seir abitarono prima gli Horrhei, e cacciati e distrutti questi, lo abitarono i figliuoli di Esaù, come ha fatto Israele nella terra, che or possiede, avendogliela data il Signore.But in Seir before dwelt the Horrins: who being expelled and destroyed, the children of Esau did inhabite it, as Israel did in the land of his possession, which our Lord gaue him.In Seir autem prius habitaverunt Horrhæi: quibus expulsis atque deletis, habitaverunt filii Esau, sicut fecit Israël in terra possessionis suæ, quam dedit illi Dominus. 13Then rising up to pass the torrent Zared, we came to it.Ci preparammo allora a passare il torrente Zared, dove giungemmo.Rysing vp therfore to passe the Torrent Zared, we came to it.Surgentes ergo ut transiremus torrentem Zared, venimus ad eum. 14And the time that we journeyed from Cadesbarne till we passed over the torrent Zared, was thirty-eight years: until all the generation of the men that were fit for war was consumed out of the camp, as the Lord had sworn:E il tempo del nostro viaggio da Cadesbarne fino al passaggio del torrente Zared, fu di trentotto anni, affinché si consumasse dagli alloggiamenti tutta quella generazione di uomini atti alla guerra, conforme avea giurato il Signore;And the time, that we walked from Cadesbarne vnto the passage of the torrent Zared, was thirtie and eight yeares: vntil al the generation of the men that were warriers was consumed out of the campe, as our Lord had sworne:Tempus autem, quo ambulavimus de Cadesbarne usque ad transitum torrentis Zared, triginta et octo annorum fuit: donec consumeretur omnis generatio hominum bellatorum de castris, sicut juraverat Dominus: 15For his hand was against them, that they should perish from the midst of the camp.La mano del quale agì contro di coloro, facendoli perire in mezzo agli alloggiamenti.whose hand was against them, that they should perish from among the campe.cujus manus fuit adversum eos, ut interirent de castrorum medio. 16And after all the fighting men were dead,Ma dopo che furono morti tutti quelli che erano atti alla guerra,And after al the warryers were dead,Postquam autem universi ceciderunt pugnatores, 17The Lord spoke to me, saying:Il Signore mi parlò, e disse:our Lord spake to me, saying:locutus est Dominus ad me, dicens: 18Thou shalt pass this day the borders of Moab, the city named Ar:Tu oggi passerai i confini di Moab, e la città di Ar:Thou shalt passe this day the borders of Moab, the citie named Ar:Tu transibis hodie terminos Moab, urbem nomine Ar:
19And when thou comest nigh the frontiers of the children of Ammon, take heed thou fight not against them, nor once move to battle: for I will not give thee of the land of the children of Ammon, because I have given it to the children of Lot for a possession.E giungendo in vicinanza de' figliuoli di Ammon, guardati dal far loro guerra, e dall'attaccar mischia: conciossiaché io non darò a te veruna parte della terra dei figliuoli di Ammon, perché io la diedi in dominio a' figliuoli di Lot.and approching vnto the frontiers of the children of Ammon, beware thou fight not against them, neither once moue to battel: for I wil not geue thee of the land of the children of Ammon, because I haue geuen it to the children of Lot in possession.et accedens in vicina filiorum Ammon, cave ne pugnes contra eos, nec movearis ad prælium: non enim dabo tibi de terra filiorum Ammon, quia filiis Loth dedi eam in possessionem. 20It was accounted a land of giants: and giants formerly dwelt in it, whom the Ammonites call Zomzommims,Ella fu creduta terra di giganti: e l'abitarono una volta i giganti detti dagli Ammoniti Zomzommim,It was reputed the land of giantes: and giantes in old time dwelt in it, whom the Ammonites cal Zomzommim,Terra gigantum reputata est: et in ipsa olim habitaverunt gigantes, quos Ammonitæ vocant Zomzommim, 21A people great and many, and of tall stature, like the Enacims whom the Lord destroyed before their face: and he made them to dwell in their stead,Popolo grande, e numeroso, e di alta statura, come gli Enacim: il Signore gli sterminò per mano degli Ammoniti, e questi fece, che vi abitassero in luogo di quelli:a great and huge people, and of long stature, as the Enacims whom our Lord destroyed before their face: and he made them to dwel in their steede,populus magnus, et multus, et proceræ longitudinis, sicut Enacim, quos delevit Dominus a facie eorum: et fecit illos habitare pro eis, 22As he had done in favour of the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir, destroying the Horrhites, and delivering their land to them, which they possess to this day.Come avea fatto pe' figliuoli di Esaù, che abitano in Seir, avendo distrutti gli Horrhei, e la terra di questi dando a quelli, la quale essi occupano sino al dì d'oggi.as he had done to the children of Esau, that dwelt in Seir, destroying the Horrheites, and deliuering their land to them, which they possesse vntil this present.sicut fecerat filiis Esau, qui habitant in Seir, delens Horrhæos, et terram eorum illis tradens, quam possident usque in præsens.
23The Hevites also, that dwelt in Haserim as far as Gaza, were expelled by the Cappadocians: who came out of Cappadocia, and destroyed them and dwelt in their stead.Gli Hevei parimente, i quali abitavano in Haserim fino a Gaza, furono discacciati da' Cappadoci: i quali usciti dalla Cappadocia gli sterminarono, e vi abitarono in luogo di quelli.The Heueites also, that dwelt in Haserim as farre as Gaza, the Capadocians expelled: who issuing out of Capadocia, destroyed them, and dwelt in their steede.Hevæos quoque, qui habitabant in Haserim usque Gazan, Cappadoces expulerunt: qui egressi de Cappadocia deleverunt eos, et habitaverunt pro illis. 24Arise ye, and pass the torrent Arnon: Behold I have delivered into thy hand Sehon king of Hesebon the Amorrhite, and begin thou to possess his land and make war against him.Su via passate il torrente Arnon: ecco che io ho dato in poter tuo Sehon re di Hesebon Amorrheo: comincia ad occupare la terra di lui, e fagli guerra.Arise ye, and passe the torrent Arnon: behold I haue deliuered in thy hand Sehon king of Hesebon the Amorrheite, and beginne to possesse his land, and make warre against him.Surgite, et transite torrentem Arnon: ecce tradidi in manu tua Sehon regem Hesebon Amorrhæum, et terram ejus incipe possidere, et committe adversus eum prælium. 25This day will I begin to send the dread and fear of thee upon the nations that dwell under the whole heaven: that when they hear thy name they may fear and tremble, and be in pain like women in travail.Oggi io principierò a far sì, che abbian di te paura e spavento i popoli, che stanno sotto qualunque parte del cielo: talmente che all'udir il tuo nome si sbigottiscano, e tremino, e sieno in affanno a guisa di donna che partorisce.This day wil I beginne to send thy terrour and feare vpon the peoples, that dwel vnder the whole heauen: that hearing thy name they may quake, and tremble after the manner of wemen in trauel, and be pinched with sorow.Hodie incipiam mittere terrorem atque formidinem tuam in populos, qui habitant sub omni cælo: ut audito nomine tuo paveant, et in morem parturientium contremiscant, et dolore teneantur. 26So I sent messengers from the wilderness of Cademoth to Sehon the king of Hesebon with peaceable words, saying:Io adunque mandai dalla solitudine di Cademoth ambasciadori a Sehon re di Hesebon con parole di pace, dicendo:I sent therfore messengers from the wildernes of Cademoth to Sehon the king of Hesebon with peaceable wordes, saying:Misi ergo nuntios de solitudine Cademoth ad Sehon regem Hesebon verbis pacificis, dicens: 27We will pass through thy land, we will go along by the highway: we will not turn aside neither to the right hand nor to the left.Noi passeremo pel tuo paese, cammineremo per la strada maestra: non torceremo né a destra, né a sinistra.We wil passe through thy land, we wil goe the common high way: we wil not decline neither to the right hand, not to the left.Transibimus per terram tuam: publica gradiemur via; non declinabimus neque ad dexteram, neque ad sinistram.
28Sell us meat for money, that we may eat: give us water for money and so we will drink. We only ask that thou wilt let us pass through,Vendici a denaro contante i viveri per sostentarci: facci pagar l'acqua, che noi beremo. Solo permettici il transitoSel vs meates for money, that we may eate: Geue vs water for money, and so we wil drinke. Onlie this that thou wilt graunt vs passage,Alimenta pretio vende nobis, ut vescamur: aquam pecunia tribue, et sic bibemus. Tantum est ut nobis concedas transitum, 29As the children of Esau have done, that dwell in Seir, and the Moabites, that abide in Ar: until we come to the Jordan, and pass to the land which the Lord our God will give us.(Come hanno fatto i figliuoli di Esaù, che abitano in Seir, e i Moabiti, che stanno in Ar), per fino a tanto che arriviamo al Giordano, ed entriamo nella terra, che il Signore Dio nostro darà a noi.as the children of Esau haue done, that dwel in Seir, and the Moabites, that abide in Ar: vntil we come to Iordan, and passe to the Land, which the Lord our God wil geue vs.sicut fecerunt filii Esau, qui habitant in Seir, et Moabitæ, qui morantur in Ar: donec veniamus ad Jordanem, et transeamus ad terram, quam Dominus Deus noster daturus est nobis. 30And Sehon the king of Hesebon would not let us pass: because the Lord thy God had hardened his spirit, and fixed his heart, that he might be delivered into thy hands, as now thou seest.Non volle Sehon re di Hesebon permetterci il transito; perché il Signore Dio tuo aveva indurata la sua mente, e serrato a lui il cuore, affinché egli fosse abbandonato in tuo potere, come oggi tu vedi:And Sehon the king of Hesebon would not geue vs passage: because the Lord thy God had indurated his spirit, and hardened his hart, that he might be deliuered into thy handes, as now thou seest.Noluitque Sehon rex Hesebon dare nobis transitum: quia induraverat Dominus Deus tuus spiritum ejus, et obfirmaverat cor illius, ut traderetur in manus tuas, sicut nunc vides. 31And the Lord said to me: Behold I have begun to deliver unto thee Sehon and his land, begin to possess it.E il Signore disse a me: Ecco che io ho principiato a darti Sohon, e il suo paese; comincia tu a possederlo.And our Lord said to me: Behold I haue begunne to deliuer Sehon vnto thee, and his land, beginne to possesse it.Dixitque Dominus ad me: Ecce cœpi tibi tradere Sehon, et terram ejus: incipe possidere eam. 32And Sehon came out to meet us with all his people to fight at Jasa.E Sehon uscì incontro a noi con tutta la sua gente per assalirci in Jasa.And Sehon came forth to meete vs with al his people to battel in Iasa.Egressusque est Sehon obviam nobis cum omni populo suo ad prælium in Jasa.
33And the Lord our God delivered him to us: and we slew him with his sons and all his people.E il Signore Dio nostro ce lo diè nelle mani; e lo ponemmo in rotta co' suoi figliuoli, e con tutta la sua gente.And the Lord our God deliuered him to vs: and we smote him with his sonnes and al his people.Et tradidit eum Dominus Deus noster nobis: percussimusque eum cum filiis suis et omni populo suo. 34And we took all his cities at that time, killing the inhabitants of them, men and women and children. We left nothing of them:E allora prendemmo tutte le città, uccisi gli abitanti di esse, uomini e donne, e ragazzi: non vi lasciammo anima viva,And al his cities we tooke at that time, killing the inhabiters therof, men and wemen and litle ones. we left nothing among them.Cunctasque urbes in tempore illo cepimus, interfectis habitatoribus earum, viris ac mulieribus et parvulis: non reliquimus in eis quidquam, 35Except the cattle which came to the share of them that took them: and the spoils of the cities, which we took:Toltine i bestiami, che furono predati, e le spoglie delle città, che furono da noi occupate,Except the cattel, which came to their portion that tooke prayes: and the spoyles of the cities, which we tookeabsque jumentis, quæ in partem venere prædantium: et spoliis urbium, quas cepimus 36From Aroer, which is upon the bank of the torrent Arnon, a town that is situate in a valley, as far as Galaad. There was not a village or city, that escaped our hands: the Lord our God delivered all unto us:Da Aroer, città situata in una valle sulla ripa del torrente Arnon, sino a Galaad. Non vi fu borgo, o città, che potesse sottrarsi alla nostra possanza: tutte le diede il Signore Dio nostro a noi,from Aroer, which is vpon the banke of the torrent Arnon, a towne that is situated in a valley, as farre as Galaad. There was not a village or citie, that escaped our handes: the Lord our God deliuered al vnto vs.ab Aroër, quæ est super ripam torrentis Arnon, oppido quod in valle situm est, usque Galaad. Non fuit vicus et civitas, quæ nostras effugeret manus: omnes tradidit Dominus Deus noster nobis, 37Except the land of the children of Ammon, to which we approached not: and all that border upon the torrent Jeboc, and the cities in the mountains, and all the places which the Lord our God forbade us.Eccettuata la terra dei figliuoli di Ammon, alla quale non ci accostammo: e tutta la regione adiacente al torrente Jaboc, e le città della montagna, e tutti i luoghi, da' quali il Signore Dio nostro ci tenne lontani.Except the land of the children of Ammon, to the which we approched not: and al that adioyne to the torrent Ieboc, and the cities on the mountaine, and al the places, from which the Lord our God prohibited vs.absque terra filiorum Ammon, ad quam non accessimus: et cunctis quæ adjacent torrenti Jeboc, et urbibus montanis, universisque locis, a quibus nos prohibuit Dominus Deus noster.
2:1
Calmet
Sea, encamping again at Mosera. When they were at Asiongaber, they were ordered to go to the north, by the mountains of Idumea or of Seir. Being arrived at Cades, they attempted to penetrate into Chanaan, by the road of the spies, but were repulsed. Upon which they asked leave of the Idumeans to pass through their country, lying south of the Dead Sea, but could not obtain permission, and God would not suffer them to force a passage, but ordered them to go round their territories, Numbers xx., and xxi. (Calmet)
2:5
Haydock
Stir. Hebrew gur, meddle not, wage not war, do not molest, etc. The Idumeans near Mount Hor, afterwards refused the Hebrews a passage, and the necessaries of life, though their brethren in Mount Seir had granted them the latter, while they passed quietly along their borders, ver. 28. See Numbers 20:21. (Haydock)
2:6
Menochius
Meats, if they wanted any other sort, besides manna. (Menochius)
2:7
Knoweth, or approveth, directing by his loving providence, Psalm 1:6., and 36:18.
2:9
Moabites. They allowed the Hebrews to pass, as the Idumeans had done; (ver. 29,) but they treated them with no particular marks of affection, (chap. 23:3,) nor would they suffer them to go across their country, Judges 11:17.
2:10
Calmet
Emim, signifies "the terrible," or "men of cubits or length." See Numbers 13:33. They had been probably ruined in the war of Chodorlahomor, (Genesis 14:5,) a little before the birth of Moab. (Calmet)
Haydock
But those few who remained, were sufficient to strike the beholders with terror, as they were not inferior to the other giants who were known, since the deluge, of the race of Enac, or of Rapha. (Haydock)
2:11
Calmet
Giants. Hebrew Raphaim, which Grotius thinks is a word retained from the primitive language. It sometimes denotes giants, and those who groan in hell, on account of the great iniquity of the Raphaim, Job. 26:5. Og was one of their descendants, and inhabited the same country, which they had occupied in the days of Abraham, chap. 3:2. (Calmet)
Menochius
They lost much of their power in the war of Sodom. Some of them fled into the land of the Philistines, and established themselves there, 1 Kings 21:16. As these gigantic nations had been overthrown, as well as the Horrhites, when God formerly gave their territories to Moad and to Esau, (Haydock) so the Hebrews may be assured, that nothing will be able to resist their power, while He is with them. (Menochius)
2:12
Calmet
Gave him, on the east side of the Jordan. They had not yet taken possession of Chanaan. But Moses foresees that they shortly will; and in this sense we may translate, "Esau dwelt there, as Israel will in the land," etc., ver. 29. The neighbouring nations could not rationally object to their coming, as they themselves had dispossessed the former owners of the land, ver. 20, 23. (Calmet)
2:14
Haydock
Years. They had continued another year at Sinai, and some months at least at Cades-barne; so that the few remaining months of the 40 years' sojournment, were spent in conquering the kingdoms east of the Jordan. (Haydock)
2:18
Year of the World 2553, Year before Christ 1451.
2:20
Menochius
Zomzommim, means "wicked wretches," famous for their stature, etc. (Menochius)
They are probably the same nation as the Zuzim, Genesis 14:5.
2:21
Haydock
Enacims. See on this race of giants what has been said, Numbers 13:23. They made place for the Zomzommim, as the latter did for the Ammonites. (Haydock)
2:22
St. Jerome
Horrhites, so called because they dwelt in caverns. (St. Jerome)
2:23
Haserim, the same as Haseroth, Numbers 33:17.
Tirinus
Gaza belonged to the Philistines. The intermediate country, or the south part of Chanaan, occupied by the Hevites was seized by invaders from the isle of Cyprus, (Hebrew, Caphtorum; Calmet) (Genesis 10:14.) or from Egypt, which the Nile intersects, forming many islands, in the Delta, Jeremias 47:4. The Cappadocians, who dwelt in Asia Minor, on the Euxine sea, were a different nation, and sprung from Japhet. (Tirinus)
2:24
Year of the World 2553.
Arise. God did not forbid Moses to ask for leave to pass through the land quietly, as the latter did; (ver. 26.) but he gives him to understand that his demand will be rejected with disdain, and he is at liberty to attack this insolent king, and thus to commence his conquests.
2:25
Haydock
Heaven. All who hear of thy exploits, will have cause to fear. (Haydock)
2:26
Calmet
Cademoth, "to the east," of the Arnon. There was a city of the same name on the other side of its banks, which belonged to Sehon, and was given afterwards to the Levites, 1 Paralipomenon 6:79. (Calmet)
2:29
As, etc. These nations had only permitted them to pass along their borders, and furnished them, through fear, (ver. 4,) with the necessaries of life. Sehon will not even grant so much.
2:30
Challoner
Hardened, etc. That is, in punishment of his past sins, he left him to his own stubborn and perverse disposition, which drew him to his ruin. See the note on (Exodus 7:3.) (Challoner)
Haydock
God did not soften his heart, (Menochius) nor make him see the danger to which he was exposing his dominions, by provoking such an army. (Haydock)
2:34
Menochius
Killing, according to God's express command, (Deuteronomy 20:16.) (Menochius)
2:37
Haydock
Jeboc, towards its source; for both sides of the torrent were taken by the Hebrews from the kings Sehon and Og, who had already driven the Ammonites farther into the mountains, on the east. (Haydock)
Calmet
When these demanded the conquered country to be restored to them, Jephte shewed that their claim was inadmissible, Judges 11:13. (Calmet)
Haydock
They had lost possession when the Hebrews came; and, as God had authorized the latter to take the land from those kings, without enquiring who were the former proprietors, the Ammonites, who had themselves expelled the Zomzommim, came with a very bad grace to assert their title, after a lapse of near 300 years. God only forbids the Hebrews to molest the actual dominions of the sons of Ammon, Moab, and Esau, in consideration of their fathers, to whom they were so nearly related. (Haydock)
2:30
Hardened, etc.... That is, in punishment of his past sins he left him to his own stubborn and perverse disposition, which drew him to his ruin. See the note on Ex. 7.3.
2:10
These were men of very great stature, but not equal to the giantes before the should.
2:24
By this we are instructed to fight aga•st infideles, but not without special cause against christians, signified by the childrē of Lot and Esau.
2:29
The I dumeans once denied them passage Num. 20. v. 20. but afterwards granted therto.
2:30
God permitted him for his former sinnes, to indurate him selfe. See Exod. 7. v. 3.
2:34
Origen † AD 254 Origen Against Celsus 7.19
… And there are many similar expressions to be found in the law, as this, for example: “We left not anything alive.”
2:1
Vers. 1. WE COMPASSED MOUNT SEIR, — namely Idumaea: for Esau was the father of the Idumeans, who was called Edom, because he was red; and Seir, because he was hairy. See these gyrations of the Hebrews through the desert, and around Idumaea, described to the life in the tables of Adrichomius. Moreover Idumaea is called a mount, because it is high and mountainous. Whence Abdias vers. 3 and 9, says the Idumean dwells in the clefts of the rocks and mountains, and adds: "If thou be exalted as the eagle, and if thou set thy nest among the stars, thence will I bring thee down, saith the Lord." Thus St. Jerome On the Places of the Hebrews.
2:3
Vers. 3. GO AGAINST THE NORTH, — go against the promised land, which is to the north of Idumaea, which you have already compassed for a long time towards the south and east; but pitying your condition, I will that you as quickly as possible direct your journey through the extremities of Idumaea, so that you may proceed straight into Chanaan, namely by passing between the Moabites and Ammonites, through the kingdoms of Og and Sehon.
2:4
Vers. 4. YOU SHALL PASS THROUGH THE BORDERS OF YOUR BRETHREN, THE SONS OF ESAU. — Although indeed in Num. XX, 21, the Idumeans at first denied passage to the Hebrews; yet from this passage, and from vers. 6 and 29, it is evident that they finally granted the Hebrews passage, at least through the extremities of their region. Thus Abulensis, although Lyranus with Rabbi Solomon thinks otherwise.
2:5
Vers. 5. DO NOT STIR UP WAR AGAINST THEM, — In Hebrew, do not mix battle, namely with them.
2:6
Vers. 6. YOU SHALL BUY FOOD FROM THEM FOR MONEY, AND SHALL EAT. — From this it is evident that the Hebrews were addicted to flesh and the belly, and in the desert not only ate manna, but also other foods, which they either bought from the Idumaeans and other neighboring peoples, or hunted, or took from their own herds. The same is evident from Joshua I, 11; thus Andreas Masius there, Pererius in Exodus XIII, disp. 7, Lorinus in cap. XVI of Wisdom, Abulensis in Exodus XVI, Quaest. XII.
2:10
Vers. 10. THE EMIM WERE THE FIRST INHABITANTS OF IT, — namely of Moabitis. Note: There were formerly diverse kinds, or generations of giants, as is evident from Gen. XIV, 5. For some were called Emim, that is, terrible, namely in appearance, on account of their monstrous height and vastness of body: for אימה ema in Hebrew is terror. Thus the Chaldean and St. Jerome in Questions on Genesis cap. XIV. Again Oleaster derives Emim from אמה amma, that is, cubit, as if you were to say: Men of cubits, namely many. Second were the Rephaim, who are mentioned both elsewhere and here in verse 11, in the Hebrew, so called either from the first giant, their parent, Rapha, of whom mention is made in I Paralipomenon XX, 6; or because they made the minds of men remiss, and struck them down and dissolved them with their monstrous stature and bulk: for רפא rapha means to make remiss, to dissolve. R. Nehemannus, and from him Andreas Masius in Joshua XII, 4, think the Rephaim to be a cognomen of the Hevites; for since הוים Chivvim, that is, Chevaei, or Hevaei, were called so from serpents, because like them they dwelt in the caverns of the earth, hence they were likewise called Rephaim, as if you were to say, the Infernal, because they dwelt under the earth in caves: for thus Isaiah cap. XXVI, vers. 14, calls the infernal Rephaim. Third were the Anakim, namely the sons and descendants of Enac the giant, of whom Joshua XXI, 14, and cap. XV, vers. 13 and 14. Some, however, think Enac is not a name, but a cognomen, as if you were to say, Torquatus, because these giants went about wearing a torque: for ענק anac means a torque. Thus among the Romans, T. Manlius was called Torquatus from the torque, which he tore from a Gaul in battle at the Anio.
2:12
Vers. 12. BUT IN SEIR THE HORRHAEI FORMERLY DWELT (of whom Gen. XIV, 5, whom Chedorlaomer smote, laying waste the mountains of Seir. Andreas Masius in Joshua XII, 4, thinks חורים Churim, that is, Chorraei, or Horrhaei, were Troglodytes, and thus called from the caves which they inhabited (for חור chur means a hole, cave, cavern) equally as the Hevites, whose kinsmen were the Horrhaei, whom the Idumaeans afterwards expelled, as is said here, just as the Hebrews expelled the Amorrhites: for this is what follows:) AS ISRAEL DID IN THE LAND OF HIS POSSESSION, — namely in the land of the two kings, Og and Sehon: for the Israelites had not yet entered the rest of the promised land.
2:15
Vers. 15. Whose (the Lord's) hand was against them, — that is, the Lord's strength, power and vengeance, which is wont to be exercised by the hand among men, was stretched forth against the murmurers, so that they might perish, or, as it is in Hebrew, to destroy or crush them in the desert.
2:19
Vers. 19. Because I have given it to the sons of Lot. — The sons of Lot were Ammon and Moab: whence on account of the merits of Lot, God willed that his descendants should possess Ammonitis and Moabitis, just as to the descendants of Esau, on account of the merits of Isaac and Abraham, his ancestors, God willed that Idumaea should fall to them, the Horrhaei being expelled, and He did not will that the Hebrews should invade or occupy it.
2:20
Vers. 20. IN IT (AMMONITIS) GIANTS FORMERLY DWELT, WHOM THE AMMONITES CALL ZOMZOMMIM. — These are they who in Gen. XIV, 5, are called Zuzim, that is, the robust, as the Septuagint translates there; hence in Hebrew מזוזי mezuzot are called the posts of houses, because they are strong and mighty. Zomzommim, however, in Hebrew sounds, first, wicked and criminal: for זמה zimmah is crime, deed. Second, of unusual and contrived magnitude. Third, famous, celebrated, who are in the mouth and reputation of men: whence the Chaldean translates חושבני chushbane, that is, noted, celebrated: for the root זמם zamam means to think, reckon, devise and contrive. Hence it appears that the Ammonites and Moabites, equally as the Hebrews, used the Hebrew language: for Zuzim, Zomzommim, Emim, vers. 11, are Ammonite and Moabite names, equally as Hebrew. For Lot, their parent, dwelt in the family of Abraham the Hebrew, his uncle, and descended from Heber, in whose family the Hebrew language remained, in the division of nations and languages at Babel. For all these peoples, and indeed all the Canaanites used the Canaanite language, which St. Jerome teaches to be akin to the Hebrew language in Isaiah cap. XIX. Whence also the spies sent by Joshua to Jericho spoke with Rahab the Canaanite woman, certainly understanding her Canaanite language, and being understood by her. See Serarium in cap. II of Joshua, Quaest. XXV.
2:21
Vers. 21. AND THE LORD MADE (them) (THE AMMONITES) DWELL IN THEIR STEAD (in the stead of the Zomzommim).
2:23
Vers. 23. THE HEVITES ALSO, etc., THE CAPPADOCIANS EXPELLED, — as if to say: Just as the Hevites were expelled by the Cappadocians, the Horrhites by the Idumaeans, the Rephaim by the Ammonites: so also the inhabitants of Palestine, and especially Sehon with his people, shall be expelled by you, O Hebrews. Whether these Cappadocians were Greeks or Palestinians, I shall say in Jeremiah XLVII, 4.
2:25
Vers. 25. TODAY I WILL BEGIN TO SEND THY TERROR AND FEAR UPON THE PEOPLES WHO DWELL UNDER ALL HEAVEN, — namely, to whom the report of the deeds done by me for thee shall reach, as follows. Fittingly therefore is τὸ under all to be understood. Thus Oleaster. R. Solomon teaches, or rather feigns, that the terror of Moses was under all heaven: because in the victory over Sehon and Og the sun stood still, just as it stood still when Joshua fought against many kings in Gabaon, Joshua X, 12. For Scripture says nothing of such a thing concerning Moses.
2:28
Vers. 28 and 29. IT IS ONLY (we only ask) THAT THOU GRANT US PASSAGE, AS THE CHILDREN OF ESAU DID (through the extremities of his dominion, as I said vers. 4) AND THE MOABITES, WHO DWELL IN AR. — Therefore the Moabites first granted some passage to the Hebrews within the borders of Ar; but shortly after, seeing King Sehon slain by them, they began to fear for themselves, especially when the Hebrews approached them a second time by another route: hence they called Balaam, who might curse the Hebrews, Num. XXII, 5. Thus Abulensis. Andrew Masius thinks in Joshua cap. XII, 3, that Ar is Areapolis.
2:30
Vers. 30. BECAUSE THE LORD THY GOD HAD HARDENED HIS SPIRIT, — by withdrawing from him the softening grace, and on the other hand by instilling in him fear and dread of the Hebrews: for it was right that the king of the Gentiles should fear lest the Hebrews under the guise of passage should craftily seize his kingdom; and so when the petition of the Hebrews for passage was proposed to him, whom he was altogether foreknown to deny; hence it came to pass that the Hebrews attempted him by force and war, in which Sehon succumbed and was delivered into their hands. See concerning hardening said in Exodus cap. VII, vers. 3.
2:33
Vers. 33. And we smote him with his sons, and all HIS PEOPLE. — Josephus relates, from himself, as it seems, adorning the matter after his custom, that in this war many of the Amorites died of thirst; others rushing to the river Arnon were pierced by javelins: others fleeing to the walls were cut off by slingers even to utter destruction. From what has been said hitherto it is clear that Moses, although excluded from the holy land, equally as Aaron, nevertheless had many privileges and joys before him. First, that he entered into a part of the holy land, which is beyond the Jordan, namely into Galaaditis: but Aaron had already died before on Mount Hor. Second, that he conquered Og and Sehon, and occupied their kingdoms, and divided them among his people. Third, that he received the blessing of Balaam. Fourth, that he destroyed the Midianites. Fifth, that from near at hand he beheld the whole promised land. Thus Abulensis.
2:34
Vers. 34. HAVING SLAIN THE INHABITANTS OF THEM, MEN AND WOMEN, AND CHILDREN. — Because God had commanded that all nations whose cities the Hebrews were to possess should be totally destroyed, as is clear cap. XX, vers. 16.
2:37
Vers. 37. WHICH ARE ADJACENT TO THE TORRENT JABOC, — where Jacob wrestled with an angel, Gen. XXXII, 22, and pertains to the Ammonites.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
2:4
Amalecites (Heb. Amaleq; Vulgate [Septuagint] Amalec and Amalecites)
… Their remote antiquity is noted in Num. 24:20: "the first of the nations is Amalek"; I Kings 27:8: "they dwelt from ancient times (mē-'ōlām) from Shur as far as the land of Egypt." And while the Edomites were to be spared by the Hebrews (cf. Deut. 2:4-8), the A. were subject to the herem (v.), that is, they were devoted to destruction, and war against them was holy (Ex. 17:4, 16; Deut. 25:19; I Sam. 15).
2:8
Asiongaber (Hebrew Ešjōn-Gēbher "Grove of Gēbher [Name of a Man?]")
… There the Israelites camped during the Exodus (Num. 33:35; Deut. 2:8). Solomon built a port and a commercial fleet there; a century later Jehoshaphat built a new fleet there destined for Ophir, but it was destroyed in the port of A. by a storm (I Kings …
… It is mentioned for the first time in Deut. 2:8 as a stopping place of the Hebrews, who, coming from Sinai, passed through it to avoid the hostility of the Edomites, who occupied the mountains of Seir. …
The country of M., between Ammon to the north and Edom to the south, originally inhabited by the Emim, bordered to the east on the great Syro-Arabian desert by means of a large strip called "the desert of M." (Deut. 2:8, 13; Judg. 11:17), along which Israel went up, so as not to touch the country of M. The brook Zered (Wādi el-Hesā) clearly marked its southern boundary (Num. 21:11 ff.; 33:43 ff.); …
… toward the north: instructive, e.g., is the case of Seir (v.), about which in Egypt, according to the recent interpretation of an ancient hieroglyphic text, such notions could be had as to advise the Hebrews of Moses to take the route that is told in Deut. 2:8 ff. (cf. J. Janssen, in Biblica, 15 [1934], p. 538).
… Sea to the Gulf of Elanitic, in which the Horites lived (Gen. 14:6), later subjugated by the Edomites (Deut. 2:12, 22). The reading of the name of this place on an obelisk of Ramses II has recently been pointed out: this text clarifies the accounts in Deut. 2:8 of the passage of the children of Israel avoiding the Edomites of S.
2:9
Ar ('Ar, Moabite form for 'Ir "City", or 'Ar "Vulture") of Moab
AR ('Ar, Moabite form for 'Ir "City", or 'Ar "Vulture") of Moab. - Capital of the Moabites (Num. 21:15, 28; Deut. 2:9, 18, 29). God forbade the Israelites to take it (Deut. 2:9). Its history merges with that of Moab (v.) or represents it.
… Having learned of the irreparable defeat of his powerful enemy of yesterday, he became afraid, and, unaware that God had forbidden the Israelites to attack the Moabites, the offspring of Lot (Deut. 2:9), he thought of resorting to a superhuman power. …
The mountain, eleven days' journey from Qadesh Barnea (= 'Ajn Qudejs) by way of Mount Seir (Deut. 2:9), had at its feet a plain capable of containing the Israelite assembly (Ex. 19:16, 18), from which the summit of the mountain could be seen. …
2:10
… The E. are considered "giants" (Num. 13:22, 28, 33; Deut. 1:28; 2:10 f.; 21; 9:2).
Anakim (Num. 13:13, 28; Deut. 1:28; 2:10 f., 21;
… The Moabites called them Emim (Deut. 2:10 ff.); in the country of Ammon, Zomzommim or Zuzim (ibid. 2:20 ff.; already defeated by Chodorlahomor at Ham, Gen. 14:4); Anakim ("long-necked": Josh. 21:22 ff., etc.). …
2:11
Zuzim (Heb. Zāzīm; Gr. Ἕδνη Ὄργυρα)
… Zāzīm; Gr. Ἕδνη Ὄργυρα). - An autochthonous tribe of the district of Hám in 'Aglûn, east of the Jordan, defeated by King Chedorlaomer (Gen. 14:5) and belonging to the gigantic race of the Rephaim, who in the pre-Semitic era populated Transjordan (ibid. 14:5; Deut. 2:11, 20; Josh. 12:4; 13:12) and certain areas of Palestine (Gen. 15:20).
2:12
the ancient population of the Hurrians (v. Deut. 2:12, 22).
… because of the similarity of the letters, they were often confused and interchanged by copyists, and suggests reading hā-hōrī in the texts of Shechem and Tyre (Gen. 36, 2; Josh. 9, 7; 11, 3; Judg. 3, 3; 2 Sam. 24, 7) and hā-hīwāš in the south (Gen. 36, 20; Deut. 2, 12-22). The biblical picture should thus be reversed, substituting the H. for the Hōriti of the south and vice versa.
… Horraei: Gen. 36, 20-22; Deut. 2, 12. 22).
1. A mountainous plateau in Edomite territory, from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Elanitic, in which the Horites lived (Gen. 14:6), later subjugated by the Edomites (Deut. 2:12, 22). The reading of the name of this place on an obelisk of Ramses II has recently been pointed out: this text clarifies the accounts in Deut. 2:8 of the passage of the children of Israel …
2:14
… Already famous in the time of the patriarch Abraham (Gen. 14:7; 16:14; 20:1), K. became the camping place of the Israelites, after the exodus from Egypt, for a period of 38 years (Num. 20:1; Deut. 1:46; 2:14); from there the twelve spies set out to visit the Promised Land (Num. 13); there the people quarreled with Moses and Aaron over the lack of water (whence the name Mē Mēribhath Qādhēsh, …
2:19
… The A. at first occupied the region northeast of the Dead Sea, more or less between the two rivers Jabbok and Arnon (Judg. 11:13, 26), previously inhabited by the giants Zamzummim, whom they exterminated (Deut. 2:19-21). But the strip adjoining the Jordan and the Dead Sea was taken from them by the Amorites, led by King Sihon, who drove them farther east, and then taken from the Amorites by the Israelites, …
… Subsequently, not feeling safe in Zoar, L. took refuge with his two daughters on a mountain, and there dwelt in a cave (ibid. 19:30); from the twofold incest the Moabites and Ammonites (v.) took their origin, who are therefore also called in Sacred Scripture «children of L.» (Deut. 2:19; Ps. 83:9); the ignominious act cannot, strictly speaking, be imputed to L., who at that moment was under the effects of wine; the truly guilty ones were the daughters (Gen. 19:31-38). …
2:20
… The Moabites called them Emim (Deut. 2:10 ff.); in the country of Ammon, Zomzommim or Zuzim (ibid. 2:20 ff.; already defeated by Chodorlahomor at Ham, Gen. 14:4); Anakim ("long-necked": Josh. 21:22 ff., etc.). …
Zuzim (Heb. Zāzīm; Gr. Ἕδνη Ὄργυρα)
The Z. were perhaps called Zomzommin (Deut. 2:20) by the Ammonites. …
2:23
Gaza (Hebrew Azzah, Arabic Ghazzah)
GAZA (Hebrew Azzah, Arabic Ghazzah). - A Canaanite city (Gen. 10:19; Deut. 2:23) in the southwestern corner of Palestine, 4 km from the sea, on the only route leading from Egypt into Syria. …
4 ff.; cf. Deut. 2:23). The Jewish interpreters of the later period, as well as the Septuagint and not a few Fathers, identify Caphtor with Cappadocia, but profane sources do not support such an explanation; …
2:24
… The stele of Mesha (v.), the claims of Jephthah, the allusions of Isaiah and Jeremiah nevertheless show that M. had in time recovered its settlements north of the Arnon (Num. 21:25-32; Deut. 2:24, 36; Josh. 13:25; Judg. 18:18, 22; Is. 15:4; Jer. 48:21; F.-M. …
… Since the king had refused passage to the Hebrews, they decided to open the way by arms: in a few actions S. was overwhelmed, was killed, and his territories remained an Israelite conquest (Num. 21:21 ff.; 32:33; Deut. 1:4; 2:24 ff.; 3:2-6; 4:46; 29:7; 31:4; cf. Josh. 2:10 etc.).
2:25
… Having examined Gen. 41, 54 ff.; Deut. 2, 25; II Par. 20, 29; Act. 2, 5, one will easily admit that this is a matter of relative geographical universality. …
2:32
law referred in general to all the first fruits of the field and of the trees of the land of Israel, to which were added the ancient territories of Sihon (Deut. 2:32-37), of Og (ibid., 3:8 ff.) and later of Syria conquered by David. …
2:36
1. A city on the southern border of the Amorite kingdom of Sihon, from which it was taken by the Israelites (Deut. 2:36; Josh. 12:2). Rebuilt by the Gadites (Num. 32:34), it was assigned to the tribe of Reuben (Josh. 13:9, 16; etc.). …
2:37
bon) as well as the northern frontier of the Ammonites (Num. 21:24; Deut. 2:37; 3:16. Cf. Flavius Josephus, Antiq. …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.