The prophet’s admonition to the Jews in Egypt against idolatry is not regarded: he denounces to them their destruction.
The Iewes admonished by Ieremie to leaue their idolatrie, 15. obstinatly answer, that they wil persist therin. 20. wherupon he prophecieth their destruction; 28. few escaping that returne into Ierusalem. 29. And that the king of Aegypt shal also fal into his enimies handes.
1The word that came to Jeremias, concerning all the Jews that dwelt in the land of Egypt, dwelling in Magdal, and in Taphnis, and in Memphis, and in the land of Phatures, saying:Parola annunziata a tutti i Giudei, che abitavano nella terra d'Egitto, a Magdalo, e a Taphnis, e a Memphi, e nella terra di Phatures, per bocca di Geremia profeta, il quale diceva:THE word, that was made to Ieremie, to al the Iewes, that dwelt in the Land of Aegypt, dwelling in Magdal, and in Taphnis, and in Memphis, & in the Land of Phatures, saying:Verbum quod factum est per Jeremiam ad omnes Judæos qui habitabant in terra Ægypti, habitantes in Magdalo, et in Taphnis, et in Memphis, et in terra Phatures, dicens: 2Thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel: You have seen all this evil that I have brought upon Jerusalem, and upon all the cities of Juda: and behold they are desolate this day, and there is not an inhabitant in them:Queste cose dice il Signore degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele: Voi avete veduto tutti que' mali, ch'io ho mandati sopra Gerusalemme, e sopra tutte le città di Giuda; ed ecco, che elle sono in oggi deserte, e vuote di abitatori;Thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel: You haue sene al this euil, that I haue brought vpon Ierusalem, and vpon al the cities of Iuda: and behold they are desolate this day, and there is not an inhabiter in them:Hæc dicit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël: Vos vidistis omne malum istud quod adduxi super Jerusalem, et super omnes urbes Juda: et ecce desertæ sunt hodie, et non est in eis habitator, 3Because of the wickedness which they have committed, to provoke me to wrath, and to go and offer sacrifice, and worship other gods, which neither they, nor you, nor your fathers knew.A causa delle malvagità commesse da loro per provocarmi a sdegno, andando a offerir sagrifizj, e a rendere onore agli dei stranieri, ignoti ad essi, e a voi, e a' padri vostri.for the malice, which they haue done, to prouoke me to wrath, & to goe and sacrifice, and worshipe false goddes, which both they, & you, and your fathers knew not.propter malitiam quam fecerunt ut me ad iracundiam provocarent, et irent ut sacrificarent, et colerent deos alienos quos nesciebant, et illi, et vos, et patres vestri. 4And I sent to you all my servants the prophets, rising early, and sending, and saying: Do not commit this abominable thing, which I hate.E mandai a voi con gran sollecitudine i miei servi, i Profeti, li mandai a dirvi: Non fate tali abbominazioni, le quali sono odiose all'anima mia.And I haue sent to you al my seruantes the prophetes, in the night rysing, & sending and saying: Doe not the word of this manner of abomination, which I hated.Et misi ad vos omnes servos meos prophetas, de nocte consurgens, mittensque et dicens: Nolite facere verbum abominationis hujuscemodi, quam odivi.
5But they heard not, nor inclined their ear to turn from their evil ways, and not to sacrifice to strange gods.E non ascoltarono, e non piegaron le orecchie per convertirsi dalle loro malvagità, e astenersi dal sagrificare agli dei stranieri.And they heard not, nor inclined their eare to returne from their euils, and not to sacrifice to strange goddes.Et non audierunt, nec inclinaverunt aurem suam, ut converterentur a malis suis, et non sacrificarent diis alienis. 6Wherefore my indignation and my fury was poured forth, and was kindled in the cities of Juda, and in the streets of Jerusalem: and they are turned to desolation and waste, as at this day.E si accese il mio sdegno, e il mio furore, e scoppiò contro le città di Giuda, e contro le piazze di Gerusalemme, e si sono cangiate in solitudine, e in disertagione, quale oggi si vede.And myne indignation and my furie is powred out, & it is kindled in the cities of Iuda, & in the streetes of Ierusalem: & they are turned into desolation and waste according to this day.Et conflata est indignatio mea et furor meus, et succensa est in civitatibus Juda, et in plateis Jerusalem: et versæ sunt in solitudinem et vastitatem secundum diem hanc. 7And now thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel: Why do you commit this great evil against your own souls, that there should die of you man and woman, child and suckling out of the midst of Juda, and no remnant should be left you:E adesso queste cose dice il Signore degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele: Per qual motivo fate questo gran male contro le anime vostre, per far perire i vostri uomini, e le vostre donne, i fanciulli, e i bambini di latte in mezzo a Giuda, talmente che nulla più rimanga di voi,And now thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel: Why doe you this great euil against your owne soules, that there should dye of you man and woman, child and suckling out of the middes of Iuda, and nothing be left remayning vnto you:Et nunc hæc dicit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël: Quare vos facitis malum grande hoc contra animas vestras, ut intereat ex vobis vir et mulier, parvulus et lactens, de medio Judæ, nec relinquatur vobis quidquam residuum: 8In that you provoke me to wrath with the works of your hands, by sacrificing to other gods in the land of Egypt, into which you are come to dwell there: and that you should perish, and be a curse, and a reproach to all the nations of the earth?Irritandomi colle opere delle vostre mani, sagrificando agli dei stranieri nella terra d'Egitto, dove siete venuti per abitarvi, e per malamente perire, ed essere la maledizione, e l'obbrobrio di tutte le genti della terra?prouoking me in the workes of your handes, in sacrificing to strange goddes in the Land of Aegypt, into which you are entred to inhabite there: and that you should perish, and be a malediction, and a reproch to al the nations of the earth?provocantes me in operibus manuum vestrarum, sacrificando diis alienis in terra Ægypti, in quam ingressi estis ut habitetis ibi: et dispereatis, et sitis in maledictionem et in opprobrium cunctis gentibus terræ ?
9Have you forgotten the evils of your fathers, and the evils of the kings of Juda, and the evils of their wives, and your evils, and the evils of your wives, that they have done in the land of Juda, and in the streets of Jerusalem?Vi siete voi dimenticati de' peccati de' padri vostri, e de' peccati dei re di Giuda, e de' peccati delle loro mogli, e de' peccati vostri; e de' peccati delle vostre mogli, fatti nella terra di Giuda, e ne' rioni di Gerusalemme?Why, haue you forgotten the euils of your fathers, and the euils of the kinges of Iuda, and the euils of the wiues, and your euils, and the euiles of your wiues, that they haue done in the Land of Iuda, and in the countries of Ierusalem?Numquid obliti estis mala patrum vestrorum, et mala regum Juda, et mala uxorum ejus, et mala vestra, et mala uxorum vestrarum, quæ fecerunt in terra Juda, et in regionibus Jerusalem ? 10They are not cleansed even to this day: neither have they feared, nor walked in the law of the Lord, nor in my commandments, which I set before you and your fathers.Ei non se ne sono mondati fino a questo dì, e non hanno temuto, e non hanno osservata la legge del Signore, né i comandamenti intimati da me a voi, e a' padri vostri.They are not clensed euen to this day: and they haue not feared, and they haue not walked in the lawe of the Lord, and in my precepts, which I haue geuen before you and your fathers.Non sunt mundati usque ad diem hanc: et non timuerunt, et non ambulaverunt in lege Domini, et in præceptis meis quæ dedi coram vobis et coram patribus vestris. 11Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel: Behold I will set my face upon you for evil: and I will destroy all Juda.Per questo così dice il Signor degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele: Ecco, che io fisserò sopra di voi la mia faccia per vostro danno, e sperderò tutto Giuda.Therefore thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel: Behold I wil set my face vpon you to euil: and I wil destroy al Iuda.Ideo hæc dicit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël: Ecce ego ponam faciem meam in vobis in malum: et disperdam omnem Judam. 12And I will take the remnant of Juda that have set their faces to go into the land of Egypt, and to dwell there; and they shall be all consumed in the land of Egypt: they shall fall by the sword, and by the famine: and they shall be consumed from the least even to the greatest, by the sword, and by the famine shall they die: and they shall be for an execration, and for a wonder, and for a curse, and for a reproach.E me la prenderò cogli avanzi di Giuda, i quali si sono ostinati a voler venire in Egitto, e quivi abitare, e saran tutti consunti nella terra d'Egitto; periranno di spada, e di fame; e saran consunti dal più piccolo fino al più grande, morranno di spada, e di fame, e saranno oggetto di esecrazione, di terrore, di maledizione, e di obbrobrio.And I wil take the remnant of Iuda, which haue set their face to goe into the Land of Aegypt, and to dwel there: and they shal be al consumed in the Land of Aegypt: they shal fal by the sword, and by famine: and they shal be consumed from the least euen to the greatest, by the sword, and by famine shal they dye: and they shal be for an othe, and for a miracle, and into malediction, and into reproch.Et assumam reliquias Judæ, qui posuerunt facies suas ut ingrederentur terram Ægypti, et habitarent ibi, et consumentur omnes in terra Ægypti: cadent in gladio, et in fame, et consumentur a minimo usque ad maximum: in gladio et in fame morientur, et erunt in jusjurandum, et in miraculum, et in maledictionem, et in opprobrium.
13And I will visit them that dwell in the land of Egypt, as I have visited Jerusalem by the sword, and by famine and by pestilence.E visiterò gli abitatori d'Egitto, come ho visitato Gerusalemme, colla spada, colla fame, e colla peste:And I wil visite the inhabitants of the Land of Aegypt, as I haue visited vpon Ierusalem in sword, and famine, and pestilence.Et visitabo super habitatores terræ Ægypti sicut visitavi super Jerusalem, in gladio, et fame, et peste: 14And there shall be none that shall escape, and remain of the remnant of the Jews that are gone to sojourn in the land of Egypt: and that shall return into the land of Juda, to which they have a desire to return to dwell there: there shall none return but they that shall flee.E non sarà chi la scampi; e degli avanzi de' Giudei, che son pellegrini nella terra d'Egitto, non rimarrà uomo, che torni nella terra di Giuda, verso la quale sospirano di tornare, e di abitarvi: non vi torneranno, se non quelli, che fuggiranno dall'Egitto.And there shal be none that shal escape, and be remayning of the remnant of the Iewes, that goe to seiourne in the Land of Aegypt: & that shal returne into the Land of Iuda, to the which they eleuate their soules, for to returne and dwel there: there shal none returne but they that shal flee.et non erit qui effugiat, et sit residuus de reliquiis Judæorum qui vadunt ut peregrinentur in terra Ægypti, et revertantur in terram Juda, ad quam ipsi elevant animas suas ut revertantur, et habitent ibi: non revertentur, nisi qui fugerint. 15Then all the men that knew that their wives sacrificed to other gods: and all the women of whom there stood by a great multitude, and all the people of them that dwelt in the land of Egypt in Phatures, answered Jeremias, saying:Ma tutti gli uomini (i quali sapevano, come le loro mogli offerivan sagrifizj agli dei stranieri), e tutte le donne, che eran ivi in gran numero, e tutto il popolo, che dimorava nella terra d'Egitto, in Phatures, risposero a Geremia, dicendo:But al the men that knew that their wiues sacrificied to strange goddes: and al the wemen of whom there stood a great multitude, and al the people of the inhabitants in the Land of Aegypt in Phatures, answered Ieremie, saying:Responderunt autem Jeremiæ omnes viri scientes quod sacrificarent uxores eorum diis alienis, et universæ mulieres quarum stabat multitudo grandis, et omnis populus habitantium in terra Ægypti in Phatures, dicentes: 16As for the word which thou hast spoken to us in the name of the Lord, we will not hearken to thee:Intorno alle parole, che tu hai dette a noi nel nome del Signore, noi non ti daremo retta,The word, which thou hast spoken to vs in the name of our Lord, we wil not heare of thee:Sermonem quem locutus es ad nos in nomine Domini, non audiemus ex te:
17But we will certainly do every word that shall proceed out of our own mouth, to sacrifice to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to her, as we and our fathers have done, our kings, and our princes in the cities of Juda, and in the streets of Jerusalem: and we were filled with bread, and it was well with us, and we saw no evil.Ma assolutamente faremo tutto quello, che avrem promesso, e farem sagrifizj, e libagioni alla regina del cielo, conforme facemmo noi, e i padri nostri, e i nostri regi, e i nostri principi nelle città di Giuda, e nelle piazze di Gerusalemme, onde avemmo abbondanza di pane, fummo felici, e non vedemmo sciagura.but doing we wil doe euerie word, that shal procede out of our owne mouth, to sacrifice vnto the queene of heauen, and to offer libaments vnto her, as we and our fathers haue done, our kinges, & our princes in the cities of Iuda, and in the stretes of Ierusalem, and we were filled with bread, and it was wel with vs, and we saw no euil.sed facientes faciemus omne verbum quod egredietur de ore nostro, ut sacrificemus reginæ cæli, et libemus ei libamina, sicut fecimus nos et patres nostri, reges nostri et principes nostri, in urbibus Juda, et in plateis Jerusalem: et saturati sumus panibus, et bene nobis erat, malumque non vidimus. 18But since we left off to offer sacrifice to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to her, we have wanted all things, and have been consumed by the sword, and by famine.Ma da quel tempo, in cui tralasciammo di far sagrifizj, e libagioni alla regina del cielo, siam poveri di ogni bene, e siamo consunti dalla spada, ed alla fame.But from that time, since we ceassed to sacrifice to the queene of heauen, and to offer libaments vnto her, we lacke al thinges, & we are consumed with sword, and famine.Ex eo autem tempore quo cessavimus sacrificare reginæ cæli, et libare ei libamina, indigemus omnibus, et gladio et fame consumpti sumus. 19And if we offer sacrifice to the queen of heaven, and pour out drink offerings to her: did we make cakes to worship her, to pour out drink offerings to her, without our husbands?Che se noi offeriam sagrifizj, e libagioni alla regina del cielo, abbiam forse noi fatte a lei le schiacciate senza i nostri mariti per onorarla, e offerire a lei le libagioni?And if we sacrifice to the queene of heauen, and offer libamentes to her: why, haue we without our husbandes made her cakes to worshipe her, and to offer libamentes to her?Quod si nos sacrificamus reginæ cæli, et libamus ei libamina, numquid sine viris nostris fecimus ei placentas ad colendum eam, et libandum ei libamina ? 20And Jeremias spoke to all the people, to the men, and to the women, and to all the people which had given him that answer, saying:E Geremia disse a tutto il popolo, agli uomini, e alle donne, e a tutta la plebe, che gli avean risposto in tal guisa:And Ieremie said to al the people against the men, and against the wemen, and against al the people, that had answered him the word, saying:Et dixit Jeremias ad omnem populum, adversum viros, et adversum mulieres, et adversum universam plebem, qui responderant ei verbum, dicens:
21Was it not the sacrifice that you offered in the cities of Juda, and in the streets of Jerusalem, you and your fathers, your kings, and your princes, and the people of the land, which the Lord hath remembered, and hath it not entered into his heart?E non si è egli ricordato, e non è egli stato irritato in cuor suo il Signore per que' sagrifizj offerti da voi, e da'padri vostri, e da' vostri regi, e da' vostri principi, e dal popolo di quella terra nelle città di Giuda, e nelle piazze di Gerusalemme?Why, the sacrifice that you haue sacrificed in the cities of Iuda, and in the streetes of Ierusalem, you and your fathers, your kinges, and your princes, and the people of the land, is not our Lord mindful of them, and hath it not ascended vpon his hart?Numquid non sacrificium quod sacrificastis in civitatibus Juda, et in plateis Jerusalem, vos et patres vestri, reges vestri, et principes vestri, et populus terræ, horum recordatus est Dominus, et ascendit super cor ejus ? 22So that the Lord could no longer bear, because of the evil of your doings, and because of the abominations which you have committed: therefore your land is become a desolation, and an astonishment, and a curse, without an inhabitant, as at this day.Non poteva più sopportarvi il Signore per le malvage inclinazioni vostre, e per le abbominazioni, che avete fatte: e la vostra terra è stata desolata, e ridotta oggetto di spavento, e di maledizione, e vuota d'abitatori, com'ella è in oggi.And our Lord would beare no longer for the malice of your studies, and for the abominations, which you haue done, and your land is brought into desolation, and into astonishment, and into malediction, for that there is not an inhabiter, as is this day.Et non poterat Dominus ultra portare propter malitiam studiorum vestrorum, et propter abominationes quas fecistis: et facta est terra vestra in desolationem, et in stuporem, et in maledictum, eo quod non sit habitator, sicut est dies hæc. 23Because you have sacrificed to idols, and have sinned against the Lord: and have not obeyed the voice of the Lord, and have not walked in his law, and in his commandments, and in his testimonies: therefore are these evils come upon you, as at this day.Perchè voi sagrificaste agl'idoli, e peccaste contro il Signore, e non ascoltaste la voce del Signore, e non osservaste la legge, e i comandamenti, e gl'insegnamenti di lui, per questo sono venute sopra di voi queste sciagure, come oggi si vede.Because you haue sacrificed to idols, and haue sinned to our Lord: and haue not heard the voice of our Lord, and haue not walked in his law, and in his precepts, and in his testimonies: therefore are these euils fallen to you, as is this day.Propterea quod sacrificaveritis idolis, et peccaveritis Domino, et non audieritis vocem Domini, et in lege, et in præceptis, et in testimoniis ejus non ambulaveritis, idcirco evenerunt vobis mala hæc, sicut est dies hæc. 24And Jeremias said to all the people and to all the women: Hear ye the word of the Lord, all Juda, you that dwell in the land of Egypt:Disse ancor Geremia a tutto il popolo, e a tutte le donne: Udite la Parola del Signore voi popol tutto di Giuda, quanti siete in Egitto:And Ieremie said to al the people, and to al the wemen: Heare you the word of our Lord al Iuda, which are in the Land of Aegypt:Dixit autem Jeremias ad omnem populum, et ad universas mulieres: Audite verbum Domini, omnis Juda qui estis in terra Ægypti.
25Thus saith the Lord of hosts the God of Israel, saying: You and your wives have spoken with your mouth, and fulfilled with your hands, saying: Let us perform our vows which we have made, to offer sacrifice to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to her: you have fulfilled your vows, and have performed them indeed.Queste cose dice il Signor degli eserciti, il Dio d'Israele: Voi, e le vostre mogli colla vostra bocca avete detto, e colle mani vostre avete fatto quello, che dicevate: Adempiamo i nostri voti, che abbiam fatti, di offerire sacrifizio, e libagioni alla regina del cielo; avete adempiuti i vostri voti, e gli avete soddisfatti coll'opera.Thus saith the Lord of hostes the God of Israel, saying: You, and your wiues haue spoken with your mouth, and haue accomplished with your handes, saying: Let vs performe our vowes which we haue vowed, to sacrifice to the queene of heauen, and to offer libaments to her: you haue fulfilled your vowes, and haue done them in worke.Hæc inquit Dominus exercituum, Deus Israël, dicens: Vos et uxores vestræ locuti estis ore vestro, et manibus vestris implestis, dicentes: Faciamus vota nostra quæ vovimus, ut sacrificemus reginæ cæli, et libemus ei libamina. Implestis vota vestra, et opere perpetrastis ea. 26Therefore hear ye the word of the Lord, all Juda, you that dwell in the land of Egypt: Behold I have sworn by my great name, saith the Lord: that my name shall no more be named in the mouth of any man of Juda, in the land of Egypt, saying: The Lord God liveth.Per questo udite la Parola del Signore, o popol di Giuda, voi, che abitate nella terra d'Egitto: Ecco, che io ho giurato pel nome mio grande, dice il Signore, che il nome mio non sarà più pronunziato in tutta la terra d'Egitto dalla bocca di uomo alcuno Giudeo, che dica: Vive il Signore.Therefore heare ye the word of our Lord al Iuda, which dwel in the Land of Aegypt: Behold I haue sworne by my great name, saith our Lord: that my name shal no more be called by the mouth of euerie man of Iuda, saying: Our Lord God liueth in al the Land of Aegypt.Ideo audite verbum Domini, omnis Juda qui habitatis in terra Ægypti: Ecce ego juravi in nomine meo magno, ait Dominus, quia nequaquam ultra vocabitur nomen meum ex ore omnis viri Judæi, dicentis: Vivit Dominus Deus, in omni terra Ægypti. 27Behold I will watch over them for evil, and not for good: and all the men of Juda that are in the land of Egypt, shall be consumed, by the sword, and by famine, till there be an end of them.Ecco, che io veglierò sopra di essi per loro danno, e non per loro bene; e tutti gli uomini di Giuda, che sono in Egitto, saran consunti dalla spada, e dalla fame, finché siano sterminati totalmente.Behold I wil watch vpon them to euil, and not to good: and al the men of Iuda that are in the Land of Aegypt, shal be consumed, with sword, and famine, til they be vtterly consumed.Ecce ego vigilabo super eos in malum, et non in bonum: et consumentur omnes viri Juda qui sunt in terra Ægypti gladio et fame, donec penitus consumantur. 28And a few men that shall flee from the sword, shall return out of the land of Egypt into the land of Juda: and all the remnant of Juda that are gone into the land of Egypt to dwell there, shall know whose word shall stand, mine, or theirs.Ma quegli, che fuggiranno la spada, uscendo dall'Egitto, torneranno in piccol numero nella terra di Giuda: e tutti gli avanzi di Giuda, che sono entrati in Egitto per abitarvi, conosceranno, se la mia parola, o la loro abbia effetto.And they that shal escape the sword, shal returne out of the Land of Aegypt into the Land of Iuda a few men: and al the remnant of Iuda that goe into the Land of Aegypt, to dwel there, shal know, whose word is accomplished, mine, or theirs.Et qui fugerint gladium, revertentur de terra Ægypti in terram Juda viri pauci: et scient omnes reliquiæ Juda, ingredientium terram Ægypti ut habitent ibi, cujus sermo compleatur, meus an illorum.
29And this shall be a sign to you, saith the Lord, that I will punish you in this place: that you may know that my words shall be accomplished indeed against you for evil.Ed eccovi un segno (dice il Signore) della visita, ch'io farò a voi in questo luogo, affinchè intendiate come le parole mie saranno veracemente adempiute sopra di voi per vostra sciagura.And this shal be a signe for you, saith our Lord, that I visite vpon you in this place: that you may know that my wordes shal be accomplished in deede against you to euil.Et hoc vobis signum, ait Dominus, quod visitem ego super vos in loco isto, ut sciatis quia vere complebuntur sermones mei contra vos in malum: 30Thus saith the Lord: Behold I will deliver Pharao Efree king of Egypt into the hand of his enemies, and into the hand of them that seek his life: as I delivered Sedecias king of Juda into the hand of Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon his enemy, and that sought his life.Queste cose dice il Signore: Ecco, che io darò Faraone Ephree re d'Egitto in potere de' suoi nemici, in potere di quegli, che cercano la sua perdizione, come diedi Sedecia re di Giuda in potere di Nabucodonosor re di Babilonia suo nemico, il quale cercava la sua perdizione.Thus saith our Lord: Behold I wil deliuer Pharao Ephree the king of Aegypt into the hand of his enemies, and into the hand of them that seeke his life: as I haue deliuered Sedecias the king of Iuda into the hand of Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon his enemie, and that seeketh his life.hæc dicit Dominus: Ecce ego tradam Pharaonem Ephree regem Ægypti in manu inimicorum ejus, et in manu quærentium animam illius, sicut tradidi Sedeciam regem Juda in manu Nabuchodonosor regis Babylonis inimici sui, et quærentis animam ejus.
44:1
Magdal, the third station of the Israelites, (Exodus 14:2.) or another "tower" twelve miles from Pelusium, Jeremias 46:14.
Memphis, the capital of Nome, near the western banks of the Nile, and famous for its pyramids, which are standing, though the town be no more, Jeremias 46:19.
44:2
Calmet
Inhabitant: or the number is exceedingly small. (Calmet)
Haydock
All the Jews had retired. (Haydock)
Worthington
It would be well if people would reflect, how those who have given way to heresy and infidelity have been treated. (Worthington)
44:6
Haydock
Forth, drop by drop, Jeremias 42:18. I have repeatedly warned them by punishments. (Haydock)
44:8
Gods. Their blindness and malice was inconceivable. They attribute their past miseries to the neglect of worshipping the moon! ver. 18. They may be compared to a mixture of iron and brass, which is put through the crucible in vain, Jeremias 6:29., and Ezechiel 22:18.
44:11
Calmet
Face, to punish grievously, Ezechiel 4:3., and 20:35. (Calmet)
Worthington
All did not perish, but the far greatest part, ver. 14, 28. (Worthington)
44:14
Calmet
Desire and expectation, Jeremias 22:27. They meant to return as soon as the Chaldeans had left the country: but their hopes were vain. The enemy would fall upon Egypt, after he had taken Tyre and the neighbouring provinces; and those who had not abandoned that country in time, would perish, ver. 12, 26. (Calmet)
44:17
Calmet
The queen of heaven; the moon, which they worshipped under this name, (Challoner) as also under that of the Celestial Venus, (Theodoret) Diana, and Isis. It seems the Jews had engaged by vow (ver. 27.) to restore her worship. (Calmet)
Worthington
The women more particularly adored the moon: yet all were guilty, Jeremias 7:18., and 4 Kings 23:5. (Worthington)
44:18
Famine. They think nothing of the transgression of the law, etc., ver. 23. Could obduracy and blindness go greater lengths? (1 Machabees 1:12.)
44:19
Worship. Hebrew, "to represent." The cakes had a crescent on them. (Calmet) See Hesychius in selenai.
Calmet
Husbands. The women are most zealous. But all partook of this idolatry, Jeremias 7:18. (Calmet)
44:21
Haydock
Heart, or mind to punish you for idolatry. Sacrifice could be offered to the Lord only in his temple. (Haydock)
44:26
Calmet
Liveth. They swore by his name as well as by that of idols. God could not abide such company. (Calmet)
Haydock
Not one of these obstinate Jews shall be spared, ver. 14. Others, like Jeremias, the Septuagint [translators], and the holy family[Jesus Christ, the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Joseph], no doubt called upon the Lord in the land of Egypt. (Haydock)
44:30
Calmet
Enemies. Herodotus (II. 161, 169.) informs us that Apries reigned fortunately twenty-five years, when he lost many of his men fighting against the Cyreneans, and was dethroned by Amasis, and strangled by his subjects. Usher (the year of the world 3433) suspects that Amasis was assisted and confirmed by Nabuchodonosor, and he might thus fulfill the prophecies, Jeremias 43:11., etc., and Ezechiel xxix., etc. Josephus (Antiquities 10:11.) and Berosus (contra Apion i.) assert, that Nabuchodonosor defeated and slew the king of Egypt, though Herodotus is silent on this subject, his account being communicated by the Egyptian priests, and full of fables. (Calmet)
44:17
The queen of heaven.... The moon, which they worshipped under this name.
44:2
It is a very couenient motiue, & ought to be effectual vnto sinful natio •s to see their neighboures fallen into Heresie, Tur•isme or Paganisme, for their obstinacie in other sinnes.
44:11
Concordance Amos. 9.
44:12
Not al absolutely, but the greatest part and wel nere al: for some shal flee from thence. v 14. & 28.
Concordance Ch. 42. v 18.
44:17
They reputed the moone as queene, and the sunne as king of the starres: more peculiarly men did sacrifice to the sunne, and wemen to the moone, but so that al did cooperate in both. For the children gathered stickes the fathers kindled the fire, and the vvemen tempered the dough, and made cakes vnto the queene of heauen. ch. 7. v. 18. 4. Reg. 23. v. 5.
44:8
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans 14
… Then, since they kept on in a state of incurable madness, and were not to be sobered even by the rest being carried away, he first exhorts them to remain there. But when they kept not up to this, but deserted to Egypt, this indeed He allowed them, but requires of them not to desert to irreligion as well as to Egypt. (
44:19
Tertullian † AD 220 Five Books in Reply to Marcion 2
Did bear a lion: hurtful to her man
44:28
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans 14
… But when they kept not up to this, but deserted to Egypt, this indeed He allowed them, but requires of them not to desert to irreligion as well as to Egypt. ( Jer. xliv. 8 .) But when they did not comply in this either, He sendeth the prophet along with them, so that they might not after all suffer total wreck. (
44:10
10. They are not cleansed. — In Hebrew, they are not broken, crushed, humbled after so many scourges and blows; but as dross in a furnace, so they themselves endure in obstinacy, equally as in servitude and the furnace of Babylon. 11. I will set my face, — henceforth I shall look upon you with a countenance not benign, but malign, fierce and threatening, intending for you punishments and calamities; and in that fierce countenance and aspect I shall harden myself. 12. They shall be in a curse (they shall be in an execration) and in a wonder, — in astonishment. Thus the Hebrews, so that all who hear of your calamities shall be astonished.
44:14
14. To which they themselves lift up their souls, — to which they themselves pant eagerly, as if raising themselves and their soul to the land of Judea, so that they might return to it. See cap. XXII, 17. Except those who shall have fled, — from Egypt, following the counsel of Jeremiah, and fearing the sword of the Chaldeans impending over Egypt, is evident from verse 28; whence in Hebrew it is, except those who shall have escaped. 17. But doing we will do (we will certainly do) every word that shall go forth from our mouth, — we will do whatever we wish, whatever shall please us: it is similar to Deut. VIII, 3; Matt. IV, 4; or whatever we shall vow to the queen of heaven, that is the moon, we will offer. See the sayings cap. VII, 18. And we are satisfied. — And, that is therefore, we are satisfied, because namely we have worshipped the queen of heaven. 19. Without the men, — as if to say, We women imitate our husbands. See cap. VII, 18. To worship her. — In Hebrew להעציבה lehaatsiba, that is to fashion an idol in her. Whence it appears that in their cakes they formed or impressed the image of their idol, namely the queen of heaven, for instance the moon, to worship her. Thus Lyra, Vatable, Sanchez and others. So the Turks, worshipping the moon, display its image in their standards, tables, foods. The reason was that the moon influences and rules over sublunary things; hence they worshipped it as their queen. Hence it was an ancient error of the Egyptians and Chaldeans that fate is constituted from the course and disposition of the stars. Hence Horus Apollo, lib. I Hieroglyph. cap. XIII, says that a star is a hieroglyphic symbol of fate. And Orpheus, in the hymn of the stars, calls the stars "fateful indices of all fates," whom Juvenal followed, satyr. 7, saying: A star and the hidden wondrous power of fate. See the sayings cap. X, verse 2.
44:21
21. Is it not a sacrifice? (that is to say, Do you not remember that the Lord has not forgotten the sacrifices which you say you offered to idols in Judea, which you know God could not bear, but for this reason gave Judea to be laid waste by the Chaldeans? Note: It ascended upon his heart, — that is, it provoked his spirit, just as accepted injury causes bile to rise into the head of a noble man. 26. I have sworn (I swear) by my great name, — that is, by my great name, namely by my immense Majesty; others say, by my own name, which is Jehovah. Because thou shalt no more be called, — that I will not permit anyone of the Jews in Egypt to swear by my name, because I will slay them, or lead them captive into Babylon, except for a few who will flee into Judea: for they are altogether unworthy that with an unclean mouth they should name my holy name, that is to say, I do not wish it to be named and defiled by them. Thus Lyra, Hugo, Dionysius, Castrius and others throughout. Secondly, aptly Sanchez: The Jews, he says, neither thought nor desired to remain long among the foreign Egyptians; but they were striving so that, when the state of Judea should seem to have a better condition, they would return to their homeland, where, just as their parents once did, so they themselves would worship the true God, and by his holy name would swear in a sacred and lawful manner according to custom. This therefore God denies, and decrees that they will neither return to their homeland, nor ever resume the religion which they impiously abandoned, but will be destroyed in Egypt by the Chaldeans. The words of the text therefore he arranges thus, that is to say, In no way shall my name be called, and a Jewish man who is in all the land of Egypt shall swear by me. 29. I will visit, — that is, I will punish and destroy. 30. Pharaoh Ephree. — The Chaldean, Pharaoh the lame, as if this Pharaoh were he who was surnamed Nechao, that is, the lame, as Maldonatus wishes. But he seems to be mistaken: for both the Hebrews and the Septuagint and Our version have Pharaoh Ephree, not Nechao. But Ephree does not signify weak and lame, as will be evident shortly after. This Pharaoh therefore was he who was surnamed Vaphres, as the Septuagint translate it, or Apries, who, as Herodotus testifies in book II, was the son of Psamis the son of Nechao, which Nechao killed Josiah the king of Judah. Nechao therefore was the grandfather of Ephree, or Apries. Apries began to reign in the 18th year of Nebuchadnezzar, or the 10th year of Zedekiah; for in the 2nd year of Apries, Jerusalem was captured, as Clement testifies in book II of the Stromata. Again, this Ephree was the last of the Pharaohs: for Amasis, who succeeded him, is nowhere called Pharaoh, perhaps because he was not an absolute king, but a vassal and tributary of Nebuchadnezzar, as Genebrardus and Torniellus think. Herodotus in book II, and Diodorus in book II, relate that this Apries was captured and strangled by Amasis his successor in the kingdom, although he had previously been the most fortunate of all men of that age, as Herodotus says, and had the conviction that no one, neither of men nor of gods, could take his kingdom from him, which seemed to him to be established by God. Whence alluding to this his blasphemy and pride, Ezekiel XXIX, 3: "Behold, I am against thee, Pharaoh king of Egypt, thou great dragon, who sayest: The river is mine, and I have made myself. And I will put a hook in thy jaws," etc. Where note that Herodotus and Diodorus err, when they relate that Apries was captured by Amasis and delivered to his enemies for strangulation. For Apries was not captured by Amasis, but by Nebuchadnezzar and slain, as is evident both from Jeremiah here, and from Ezekiel, cap. XXIX, 19, and cap. XXXI, 11, 15 and 18, and from Josephus, book X of the Antiquities, cap. XI, and from St. Jerome in cap. IV of the Lamentations. It could happen, however, that Nebuchadnezzar substituted Amasis in his kingdom, and therefore Herodotus and Diodorus thought that he was captured and slain by Amasis. R. David and R. Solomon note that in Hebrew the name Pharaoh is the same as Ephree, except that in Ephree the letter chet is prefixed. For Pharaoh in Hebrew is written פרעה Pharo: but Ephree is written חפרע Chophra; for chet, because it is hard, becomes liquid into e, both among the Septuagint and among the Latins: hence Chophra they translate Ephree, just as for the Hebrew pesach, they translate phase, for Corach Core, for Therach Thare. God therefore plays with the likeness of words, saying: I will deliver Pharaoh Cophra, I will make chophra, that is a pit (for he alludes to the pits and ditches with which Egypt abounds on account of the Nile), naked and despoiled of all goods: just as if you were to say in Latin: I will make Claudius to be lame, Caesar to be cut, Julius I will slay by the throat: for chophra is composed of חפה chaphar, that is to dig, and פרע para, that is to make naked, to despoil. Others think that chet in Chophra is placed for he, which is the last letter in Pharao, and that chophra is a participle of the passive conjugation Hophal, and signifies he was made naked, he was weakened, he was made lame, as if to say: I will make it so that Pharaoh according to his name be Chophra, that is naked, weak, limping. But the former is more fitting and true. St. Epiphanius writes in the Life of Jeremiah that he prophesied in Egypt and showed a sign to the priests of Egypt, and said that all their idols ought to be broken in pieces, and likewise all their manufactures (namely idols, and their temples and altars), when the Virgin Mother would come into Egypt with her infant. The same thing Isaiah predicted in chapter XIX, 1, as St. Jerome and Procopius explain there, St. Chrysostom in Matthew II; Athanasius, On the Incarnation of the Word; Eusebius, book VI of the Demonstration, chapter XX; Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechesis X; Origen, homily 3 on Various; Palladius in the Lausiac History, chapter LII in the Life of Apollonius; Rabanus in Ecclesiastes chapter XXIV; Anselm, Lyra, Abulensis and others. Finally, on account of this prophecy of Jeremiah, tradition holds that he was stoned shortly after by the Jews in Taphnis, and fell as a martyr, as Epiphanius, Dorotheus, Torniellus and others report. Epiphanius adds that the Egyptians attributed so much to this vaticination of Jeremiah that they introduced a solemn custom of placing a certain virgin on a bed, and an infant in a manger in various places, and adoring them at the same time; when asked afterwards by a certain king what this rite meant, they answered that this was a mystery which their ancestors had received long ago from the holy Prophet. The same thing is found in the Alexandrian Chronicle. Learn here how harmful it is not to acquiesce in the sound counsels of the prudent and just. The king and princes would not acquiesce in the counsels of Jeremiah; hence the princes perished, the king and the kingdom. Roboam, because he preferred the foolish counsels of youths to the wise admonitions of the aged, was therefore deprived of the greater part of his kingdom, III Kings XII. Clotharius, king of the Franks, permitted his pious wife Radegund to build a monastery for herself at Poitiers. Certain evil counsellors persuaded the king to reclaim the queen. She sensed the danger; she therefore wrote to St. Germanus, Bishop of Paris, that he might turn the king from this intention. He did so, and bent the king, so that he asked pardon of the queen and of the Bishop, and attributed his attempts to the evil counsellors. Divine vengeance pursued them: for just as Arius, opposing the Catholic faith, poured out all his intestines into a sewer, so the same thing happened to these men for harassing the holy queen, as her Life relates. In the year of the Lord 723, a certain Hebrew impostor in Tiberias persuaded King Ezidas to overturn sacred images; if he did this, he would live a comfortable life and reign happily for thirty years. The king acquiesced; and he instituted iconoclasm: but he did not live more than a year and a half, and descended into eternal fire; and after his death the images were restored to their place. But his son, named Ulidus, indignant at the Hebrew as the slayer of his father, forced him to die a most shameful death. Thus he received the reward of his impious counsel, as Damascus relates, in the book On Images. Vitiza, king of Spain, impure and impious, fearing lest his subjects might rise up against him on account of his tyranny, following the evil counsel of someone, ordered the walls of cities and the fortifications of the kingdom to be torn down under the guise of peace. But it turned out badly for him: for he was deprived of his kingdom and his eyes, died miserably, and left a weakened kingdom to his successor Roderic, so that it was easy for the Moors to subjugate it. Thus Roderic, Archbishop of Toledo, in book V, chapter XVI, and Mariana, book VI, chapter XIX. Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, when he had taken the Duchy from John Galeazzo, the son of his brother, by crime, fearing King Alfonso of Naples, incited against him Charles VIII, king of the Franks, who coming deprived Alfonso of his kingdom. Ludovico thence fearing the power of the Franks, repenting of the deed, conspired against the king with the princes of Italy; but he was cut down and captured by the Franks, and shut up in an iron cage, and died most miserably. Thus Guicciardini, books III and IV of the History of Italy, and Jovius, book IV of the Eulogies of Military Men.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
44:1
… almost all of the tribe of Judah (whence the appellation "Jew," which only Jeremiah used, but as a simple synonym for "people of Israel" [Jer. 31:12] and in opposition to the Moabites [ibid. 40:11 f.], the Chaldeans [ibid. 38:19; 41:1], and the Egyptians [ibid. 44:1]), concentrated within a radius of about 20 km. around Jerusalem, with the exception of Lydda about 44 km. northwest of Jerusalem, Jericho and Senaah (on the strong position of Hirbet …
Taphnis (Hebrew: Taphranas; in Ezek. 30:18, Tephranas)
TAPHNIS (Hebrew: Taphranas; in Ezek. 30:18, Tephranas). - An Egyptian city (Ez. 30:18) where, after the assassination of Gedaliah, many Jews sought asylum in order to escape the reprisals of the Babylonians (Jer. 43:7-9). A Jewish colony probably already existed there (ibid. 44:1; 46:14). The prophet Jeremiah, who together with his secretary Baruch had been forced to emigrate there, continued his mission there (ibid. 43:8) and, according to a late tradition, …
44:17
… Jerusalem the cult of the goddess (2 Kings 8:18; 2 Chron. 24:7, 18), where it then remained until the times of Jeremiah, that is, until the collapse of the kingdom of Judah; and even then the Hebrew women offered cakes and libations to A. (Jer. 7:18; 44:17-19, 25).
44:26
From as early as 722 B.C., and especially from the Babylonian exile (6th century B.C.), Israel was reduced to the tribe of Judah alone; the Israelites therefore called themselves "Jews" (Jer. 40, 11-15; 44, 26; Zech. 8, 23; Esth. 2, 5; 3, 6; 9, 29, etc.; Ezra 4, 12, etc.; Neh. 4, 2; 5, 17; 6, 6, etc.; very often in I-II Macc. and in the New Testament).
44:50
Ephree (Egypt. W'h-Jb-R'; Heb. Hophra'; Greek Apries or Uaphria)
… W'h-Jb-R'; Heb. Hophra'; Greek Apries or Uaphria). - Pharaoh of Egypt from 588 to 566 B.C., of the 26th dynasty (663-525), founded by Psammetichus I (son of Necho); he was the successor, if not the son, of Psammetichus II. E. is mentioned by Jer. 44, 50; in several places in the rest of Jer. and in Ez. it is he who is meant, E. being a contemporary of Nebuchadnezzar and of the last king of Judah, Zedekiah.
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.