Abias reigneth wickedly in Iuda three yeares. 8. After him his sonne Asa succeding destroyeth idolatrie, reigning fourtie one yeares. 16. VVho hauing warres with the king of Israel, maketh league with the king of Syria, 24. As• dying Iosaphat succedeth. 25. Nadab reigneth wickedly two yeares in Israel, is then slaine by Baasa of the tribe of Issachar, 29. and his whole familie is destroyed. 33. Baasa also reigneth wickedly twentie foure yeares.
1Now in the eighteenth year of the reign of Jeroboam, the son of Nabat, Abiam reigned over Juda.Il diciottesimo anno del regno di Geroboam figliuolo di Nabat, regnò Abia sopra Giuda.THERFORE in the eightenth yeare of king Ieroboam the sonne of Nabat, Abias reigned ouer Iuda.Igitur in octavodecimo anno regni Jeroboam filii Nabat, regnavit Abiam super Judam. 2He reigned three years in Jerusalem: the name of his mother was Maacha, the daughter of Abessalom.Ei regnò tre anni in Gerusalemme: sua madre chiamavasi Maacha figliuola di Abessalom.Three yeares reigned he in Ierusalem: the name of his mother was Maacha the daughter of Abessalom.Tribus annis regnavit in Jerusalem: nomen matris ejus Maacha filia Abessalom. 3And he walked in all the sins of his father, which he had done before him: and his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was the heart of David, his father.Ed egli imitò in tutto i peccati fatti dal padre suo prima di lui; e il suo cuore non fu sincero verso il Signore Dio suo, come il cuore di Davidde suo padre.And he walked in al the sinnes of his father, which he had done before him: neither was his hart perfect with our Lord his God, as the hart of Dauid his father.Ambulavitque in omnibus peccatis patris sui, quæ fecerat ante eum: nec erat cor ejus perfectum cum Domino Deo suo, sicut cor David patris ejus. 4But for David’s sake the Lord his God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem, to set up his son after him, and to establish Jerusalem:Ma per amor di Davidde il Signore Dio suo gli diede una lampana in Gerusalemme, suscitando dopo di lui il suo figliuolo, e tenendo in piedi Gerusalemme:But for Dauids sake our Lord his God gaue him a lampe in Ierusalem, that he might rayse vp his sonne after him, and establish Ierusalem:Sed propter David dedit ei Dominus Deus suus lucernam in Jerusalem, ut suscitaret filium ejus post eum, et statueret Jerusalem: 5Because David had done that which was right in the eyes of the Lord, and had not turned aside from any thing that he commanded him, all the days of his life, except the matter of Urias, the Hethite.Perocché Davidde avea operato rettamente negli occhi del Signore, e non avea traviato in nulla da' suoi comandamenti per tutto il tempo di sua vita, eccettuato il fatto d'Uria di Heth.because Dauid had done right in the eies of our Lord, and had not declined from al thinges, which he commanded him, al the daies of his life, except the matter of Vrias the Hetheite.eo quod fecisset David rectum in oculis Domini, et non declinasset ab omnibus quæ præceperat ei cunctis diebus vitæ suæ, excepto sermone Uriæ Hethæi.
6But there was war between Roboam and Jeroboam all the time of his life.Fu però guerra tra Roboamo, e Geroboam finché quegli visse.But there was warre betwen Roboam and Ieroboam al the time of his life.Attamen bellum fuit inter Roboam et Jeroboam omni tempore vitæ ejus. 7And the rest of the words of Abiam, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Juda? And there was war between Abiam and Jeroboam.Il rimanente poi delle azioni di Abia e tutto quello, ch'ei fece non è egli scritto nel Giornale delle cose dei re di Giuda? E vi fu battaglia tra Abia, e Jeroboam.And the rest of the wordes of Abias, and al that he did, are they not written in the Booke of the wordes of the kinges of Iuda? And there was warre betwen Abias and Ieroboam.Reliqua autem sermonum Abiam, et omnia quæ fecit, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Juda ? Fuitque prælium inter Abiam et inter Jeroboam. 8And Abiam slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa, his son, reigned in his stead.E Abia si addormentò co' padri suoi, e lo seppellirono nella città di Davidde: e Asa suo figliuolo gli succedette nel regno.And Abias slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the citie of Dauid: and Asa his sonne reigned for him.Et dormivit Abiam cum patribus suis, et sepelierunt eum in civitate David, regnavitque Asa filius ejus pro eo. 9So in the twentieth year of Jeroboam, king of Israel, reigned Asa, king of Juda,L'anno ventesimo adunque del regno di Geroboam re d'Israele, regnò Asa re di Giuda,In the twenteth yeare therfore of Ieroboam the king of Israel reigned Asa the king of Iuda.In anno ergo vigesimo Jeroboam regis Israël regnavit Asa rex Juda, 10And he reigned one and forty years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Maacha, the daughter of Abessalom.E regnò quarant'un anno in Gerusalemme: la sua madre ebbe nome Maacha, ed era figliuola di Abessalom.And he reigned one & fourtie yeares in Ierusalem. His mothers name was Maaca, the daughter of Abessalom.et quadraginta et uno anno regnavit in Jerusalem. Nomen matris ejus Maacha filia Abessalom. 11And Asa did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, as did David, his father:E Asa fece quel, che era giusto nel cospetto del Signore, come Davidde suo padre:And Asa did right before the sight of our Lord, as Dauid his father:Et fecit Asa rectum ante conspectum Domini, sicut David pater ejus: 12And he took away the effeminate out of the land, and removed all the filth of the idols, which his fathers had made.E tolse via dal paese gli effeminati, e lo purgò da tutte le sozzure degl'idoli fabbricati da' padri suoi.and he tooke away the effemmare out of the land, and he purged al the filth of the idols, which his fathers had made.et abstulit effeminatos de terra, purgavitque universas sordes idolorum quæ fecerant patres ejus.
13Moreover, he also removed his mother, Maacha, from being the princess in the sacrifices of Priapus, and in the grove which she had consecrated to him: and he destroyed her den, and broke in pieces the filthy idol, and burnt it by the torrent Cedron:E oltre a questo si levò d'intorno sua madre Maacha, affinchè non fosse sacerdotessa nelle cerimonie di Priapo, del bosco, che ella gli avea consagrato: ed ei rovinò la sua spelonca, e spezzò l'infamissimo simolacro, e lo bruciò presso al torrente Cedron:Moreouer he remoued also Maaca his mother, that she should not be princesse in the sacrifices of Priapus, and in the groue which she had consecrated: and he destroyed her denne, and brake the most filthie idol, and burnt it in the torrent cedron:Insuper et Maacham matrem suam amovit, ne esset princeps in sacris Priapi, et in luco ejus quem consecraverat: subvertitque specum ejus, et confregit simulacrum turpissimum, et combussit in torrente Cedron: 14But the high places he did not take away. Nevertheless, the heart of Asa was perfect with the Lord all his days:Ma non tolse i luoghi eccelsi: per altro il cuore di Asa fu perfetto inverso il Signore per tutto il tempo di sua vita.but the excelses he did not take away. Otherwise the hart of Asa was parfect with our Lord al his daies:excelsa autem non abstulit. Verumtamen cor Asa perfectum erat cum Domino cunctis diebus suis: 15And he brought in the things which his father had dedicated, and he had vowed, into the house of the Lord, silver and gold, and vessels.Ed ei portò nella casa del Signore le cose consagrate, e offerte in voto dal padre suo, l'argento, l'oro, e i vasi.and he caried in those thinges, which his father had sanctified, and vowed into the house of our Lord, siluer and gold, and vessels.et intulit ea quæ sanctificaverat pater suus, et voverat, in domum Domini, argentum, et aurum, et vasa. 16And there was war between Asa, and Baasa, king of Israel, all their days.E fu guerra tra Asa, e Baasa re d'Israele per tutto il tempo della loro vita.And there was warre betwen Asa, and Baasa the king of Israel al their daies.Bellum autem erat inter Asa, et Baasa regem Israël cunctis diebus eorum. 17And Baasa, king of Israel, went up against Juda, and built Rama, that no man might go out or come in of the side of Asa, king of Juda.E Baasa re d'Israele si avanzò ancora nel paese di Giuda, ed edificò Rama, affinchè nissuno potesse andare, e venire dalla parte di Asa re di Giuda.Baasa also the king of Israel went vp into Iuda, and built Rama, that no man might go out or come in of Asaes side the king of Iuda.Ascendit quoque Baasa rex Israël in Judam, et ædificavit Rama, ut non posset quispiam egredi vel ingredi de parte Asa regis Juda.
18Then Asa took all the silver and gold that remained in the treasures of the house of the Lord, and in the treasures of the king’s house, and delivered it into the hands of his servants: and sent them to Benadad, son of Tabremon, the son of Hezion, king of Syria, who dwelt in Damascus, saying:Quindi è, che Asa preso tutto l'argento, e l'oro, che era rimaso ne' tesori della casa del Signore, e ne' tesori della casa reale, lo messe in mano de' suoi servi, e li mandò a trovar Benadad figliuolo di Tabremon, figliuolo di Hezion, re della Siria, che abitava in Damasco, per dire a lui:Asa therfore taking al the siluer, and gold that remained in the treasures of the house of our Lord, and in the treasures of the kinges house, gaue it into the handes of his seruantes: and he sent to Benadad the sonne of Tabremon the sonne of Hezion, the king of Syria, which dwelt in Damascus, saying:Tollens itaque Asa omne argentum et aurum quod remanserat in thesauris domus Domini, et in thesauris domus regiæ, et dedit illud in manus servorum suorum: et misit ad Benadad filium Tabremon filii Hezion, regem Syriæ, qui habitabat in Damasco, dicens: 19There is a league between me and thee, and between my father and thy father: therefore I have sent thee presents of silver and gold: and I desire thee to come, and break thy league with Baasa, king of Israel, that he may depart from me.Siamo confederati io, e tu, e il padre mio, e il padre tuo: per questo io ti mando in dono dell'argento, e dell'oro, e ti prego di venire, e rompere la confederazione, che hai con Baasa re d'Israele, ond'egli si ritiri da me.There is a league betwen me and thee, & betwixt my father and thy father: therfore I haue sent thee giftes, siluer and gold: and I desire thee that thou come, and make void the league, that thou hast with Baasa the king of Israel, and he may retire from me.Fœdus est inter me et te, et inter patrem meum et patrem tuum: ideo misi tibi munera, argentum et aurum: et peto ut venias, et irritum facias fœdus quod habes cum Baasa rege Israël, et recedat a me. 20Benadad, hearkening to king Asa, sent the captains of his army against the cities of Israel, and they smote Ahion, and Dan, and Abeldomum Maacha, and all Cenneroth; that is all the land of Nephthali.Benadad si prestò ai desideri del re Asa, e spedì i capitani del suo esercito contro le città d'Israele, ed espugnarono Ahion, e Dan, e Abel-casa di Maacha, e tutto il territorio di Cenneroth, viene a dire, tutta la terra di NephthaliBenadad agreing to king Asa, sent the princes of his armie into the citiees of Israel, and they stroke Ahion, and Dan, and Abeldomum of Maacha, and al Cenneroth, to witte, al the Land of Nephthali.Acquiescens Benadad regi Asa, misit principes exercitus sui in civitates Israël, et percusserunt Ahion, et Dan, et Abeldomum Maacha, et universam Cenneroth, omnem scilicet terram Nephthali. 21And when Baasa had heard this, he left off building Rama, and returned into Thersa.Udito ciò Baasa, tralasciò di edificare Rama, e se ne tornò a Thersa.Which when Baasa had heard, he intermitted to build Rama, and returned into Thersa.Quod cum audisset Baasa, intermisit ædificare Rama, et reversus est in Thersa.
22But king Asa sent word into all Juda, saying: Let no man be excused: and they took away the stones from Rama, and the timber thereof, wherewith Baasa had been building, and with them king Asa built Gabaa of Benjamin, and Maspha.E il re Asa spedì suoi messi per tutto il paese di Giuda a dire: Nissuno goderà esenzione. E presero le pietre, e i legnami adoperati da Baasa agli edificj di Rama, e con essi il re Asa fabbricò Gabaa di Beniamin, e Maspha.But king Asa sent word into al Iuda, saying Let no man be excused and they tooke stones from Rama, and the timber therof, wherwith Baasa had built, and Asa of it built Gabaa Beniamin, and Maspha.Rex autem Asa nuntium misit in omnem Judam, dicens: Nemo sit excusatus. Et tulerunt lapides de Rama, et ligna ejus, quibus ædificaverat Baasa, et exstruxit de eis rex Asa Gabaa Benjamin, et Maspha. 23But the rest of all the acts of Asa, and all his strength, and all that he did, and the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Juda? But in the time of his old age he was diseased in his feet.Il resto poi delle azioni di Asa, e tutte le imprese di lui, e tutto quello, ch'egli operò, e le città fondate da lui. Queste cose non son elleno scritte nel Diario dei re di Giuda? Ma egli in sua vecchiaia patì di male di gambe.But the rest of al the wordes of Asa, and al his forces, and al that he did, & the cities that he built, are not these written in the Booke of the words of the dayes of the kinges of Iuda? How beit in the time of his old age he was diseased in his feete.Reliqua autem omnium sermonum Asa, et universæ fortitudines ejus, et cuncta quæ fecit, et civitates quas exstruxit, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Juda ? Verumtamen in tempore senectutis suæ doluit pedes. 24And he slept with his fathers, and was buried with them in the city of David, his father. And Josaphat, his son, reigned in his place.E si addormentò coi padri suoi, e fu sepolto con essi nella città di David di suo padre. E Josaphat suo figliuolo gli succedette nel regno.And he slept with his fathers, & was buried with them in the citie of Dauid his father. And Iosaphat his sonne reigned for him.Et dormivit cum patribus suis, et sepultus est cum eis in civitate David patris sui. Regnavitque Josaphat filius ejus pro eo. 25But Nadab, the son of Jeroboam, reigned over Israel the second year of Asa, king of Juda: and he reigned over Israel two years.E Nadab figliuolo di Geroboam regnò sopra Israele il secondo anno di Asa re di Giuda: e regnò sopra Israele per due anni.But Nadab the sonne of Ieroboam reigned ouer Israel the second yeare of Asa the king of Iuda: and he reigned ouer Israel two yeares.Nadab vero filius Jeroboam regnavit super Israël anno secundo Asa regis Juda: regnavitque super Israël duobus annis.
26And he did evil in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of his father, and in his sins, wherewith he made Israel to sin.E fece il male nel cospetto del Signore, e segui le tracce di suo padre, e i peccati, a' quali quegli aveva indotto Israele.And he did that which is euil in the sight of our Lord, and walked in the waies of his father, and in his sinnes, wherwith he made Israel to sinne.Et fecit quod malum est in conspectu Domini, et ambulavit in viis patris sui, et in peccatis ejus quibus peccare fecit Israël. 27And Baasa, the son of Ahias, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him, and slew him in Gebbethon, which is a city of the Philistines: for Nadab and all Israel besieged Gebbethon.Ma Baasa figliuolo di Ahia della tribù d'Issachar gli tese insidie: e lo uccise presso Gebbethon città de' Filistei; perocché Nadab, e tutto Israele erano all'assedio di Gebbethon.And Baasa the sonne of Ahias of the house of Issachar, lay in wayte against him, and stroke him in Gebbethon, which is a citie of the Philistimes: for Nadab and al Israel besieged Gebbethon.Insidiatus est autem ei Baasa filius Ahiæ de domo Issachar, et percussit eum in Gebbethon, quæ est urbs Philisthinorum: siquidem Nadab et omnis Israël obsidebant Gebbethon. 28So Baasa slew him in the third year of Asa, king of Juda, and reigned in his place.Baasa dunque lo uccise l'anno terzo di Asa re di Giuda, e succedette a lui nel regnoBaasa therfore slew him in the third yeare of Asa the king of Iuda, and reigned for him.Interfecit ergo illum Baasa in anno tertio Asa regis Juda, et regnavit pro eo. 29And when he was king, he cut off all the house of Jeroboam: he left not so much as one soul of his seed, till he had utterly destroyed him, according to the word of the Lord, which he had spoken in the hand of Ahias, the Silonite:E divenuto re, sterminò tutta la casa di Geroboam: non lasciò anima di quella stirpe, ma la distrusse interamente secondo la parola detta dal Signore per mezzo di Ahia Silonita suo servo:And when he reigned, he stroke al the house of Ieroboam: he leaft not so much as one soule of his seede, til he destroied him according to the word of our Lord, which he had spoken in the hand of Ahias the Silonite,Cumque regnasset, percussit omnem domum Jeroboam: non dimisit ne unam quidem animam de semine ejus donec deleret eum, juxta verbum Domini quod locutus fuerat in manu servi sui Ahiæ Silonitis, 30Because of the sin of Jeroboam, which he had sinned, and wherewith he had made Israel to sin, and for the offence wherewith he provoked the Lord, the God of Israel.(E ciò) in pena de' peccati, che avea commessi Geroboam, e avea fatto commettere ad Israele, e per la iniquità, colla quale avea irritato il Signore Dio d'Israele.for the sinnes of Ieroboam, which he had sinned, and wherwith he had caused Israel to sinne, and for the offence, wherwith he prouoked our Lord the God of Israel.propter peccata Jeroboam, quæ peccaverat, et quibus peccare fecerat Israël: et propter delictum quo irritaverat Dominum Deum Israël.
31But the rest of the acts of Nadab, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Israel?Il rimanente poi delle azioni di Nadab, e tutto quello, ch'egli operò, non istà egli scritto nel Diario dei re d'Israele?But the rest of the wordes of Nadab, and al that he wrought, are not these thinges written in the Booke of the wordes of the daies of the kinges of Israel?Reliqua autem sermonum Nadab, et omnia quæ operatus est, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Israël ? 32And there was war between Asa and Baasa, the king of Israel, all their days.E fu guerra tra Asa, e Baasa re di Israele, per tutta la loro vita.And there was warre betwen Asa and Baasa the king of Israel al their daies.Fuitque bellum inter Asa, et Baasa regem Israël, cunctis diebus eorum. 33In the third year of Asa, king of Juda, Baasa, the son of Ahias, reigned over all Israel, in Thersa, four and twenty years.L'anno terzo di Asa re di Giuda, Baasa figliuolo di Ahia ebbe il regno di tutto Israele, e regnò in Thersa ventiquattro anni.In the third yeare of Asa the king of Iuda, reigned Baasa the sonne of Ahias, ouer al Israel in Thersa foure and twentie yeares.Anno tertio Asa regis Juda, regnavit Baasa filius Ahiæ super omnem Israël in Thersa, viginti quatuor annis. 34And he did evil before the Lord, and walked in the ways of Jeroboam, and in his sins, wherewith he made Israel to sin.E fece il male dinanzi al Signore, e seguì le vie di Geroboam, e i peccati, che quegli fece commettere ad Israele.And he did euil before our Lord, & walked in the waies of Ieroboam, and in his sinnes, wherwith he made Israel to sinne.Et fecit malum coram Domino, ambulavitque in via Jeroboam, et in peccatis ejus quibus peccare fecit Israël.
15:1
Year of the World 3046, Year before Christ 958.
15:2
Challoner
Years, wanting some months. Maacha. She is called elsewhere, Michaia, daughter of Uriel; but is was a common thing, in those days, for a person to have two names. (Challoner)
Calmet
Abessalom and Absalom, the son of David are the same, 2 Paralipomenon 11:21. (Calmet)
Menochius
St. Jerome (Trad.) is of a different opinion. (Menochius)
15:4
Calmet
Lamp, son; (chap. 11:36.) though he deserved to have his family exterminated. (Calmet)
Worthington
He is preserved for his father's sake. (Worthington)
15:5
Tirinus
Hethite. This could not be excused. But all his other imperfections might not appear criminal in the eyes of the world, as they had some pretext of virtue; so that God reserves the judgment of them to himself, and to David's conscience, who confessed that he had sinned, 2 Kings 24:10. (Tirinus)
Haydock
Except David, Ezechias, and Josias, all the kings of Juda committed sin; (Ecclesiasticus 49:5.; Calmet) and not one of those who ruled over Israel, gave an example of virtue. (Haydock)
Sanchez
David soon entered into himself, with respect to his other failings. But he continued for a long time involved in the guilt of adultery and murder. (Sanchez)
15:6
Haydock
Roboam. This had been remarked, 3 Kings 14:30. (Haydock)
Calmet
There was a domestic quarrel between the two families. (Calmet)
Sanchez
Some suspect that Roboam is placed to designate his successors, or that we ought to read, Abia. (Sanchez)
Calmet
Castalion rashly ventures to alter the text. (Calmet)
Abiam gained a decisive victory over Jeroboam, ver. 7., and 2 Paralipomenon 13:3.
15:9
Year of the World 3049, Year before Christ 955.
Usher
Year complete, when the 21st was running on. (Usher)
Calmet
Septuagint, "the 24th." (Calmet)
Haydock
But Grabe's edition agrees with the Hebrew. (Haydock)
15:10
Challoner
His mother's, etc. That is, his grandmother; unless we suppose, which is not improbable, that the Maacha here named is different from the Maacha mentioned [in] ver. 2. (Challoner)
Menochius
She was probably another grand-daughter of David's son, (Calmet) as such are frequently styled simply daughters. So David is called the father of Asa, (ver. 11.; Haydock) though he was really his great-grandfather. (Menochius)
15:12
Calmet
Effeminate. See 3 Kings 14:24. Yet his zeal could not entirely eradicate this evil. There was room for the exertions of his son Josaphat, 3 Kings 22:47. (Calmet)
Haydock
The king punished with death such as he could discover. (Haydock)
15:13
Grotius
Priapus. He would not spare such abominations in his own family. (Menochius) He took from his mother the direction of the palace, (Vatable) and her guards. (Grotius)
Haydock
Hebrew, "even her he removed from being queen, because she had made a Miphlatstah." (Haydock)
Seldon
Septuagint render this term a synod, "meeting," or something shameful; also a cavern, or den; and in Paralipomenon, the "idol" Astarte. St. Jerome also gives different meanings; so that the precise import is not well known. Most people translate, "a scarecrow;" (Calmet) terriculum. In the gardens of Greece and of Rome, the figure of Priapus was set up (Du Hamel) to frighten thieves and birds away. Inde ego furum aviumque Maxima formido. (Horace, Sat. 1. 8.) Others understand that Pan, another frightening idol, is here meant; (Castalion) or the abominations of Phallus and Ithyphallus, derived from the same Hebrew word. (Seldon)
As the goddess Astarte, or Asera, "the grove," here the object of adoration, was the wife of Adonis, it is probable, that the same obscenities were carried in triumph, as Herodotus (II. 28., and 49.) specifies in the description of the festival of Bacchus, celebrated by the Egyptians.
Haydock
To him. Protestants, "She had made an idol in the grove." Hebrew also, "to Asera; and Asa destroyed her idol, (miphlatstah) and burnt it." (Haydock)
15:14
Challoner
The high places. There were excelsa, or high places, of two different kinds. Some were set up and dedicated to the worship of idols, or strange gods: and these Asa removed, 2 Paralipomenon 14:2. Others were only altars of the true God, but were erected contrary to the law, which allowed of no sacrifices but in the temple; and these were not removed by Asa. (Challoner)
Du Hamel
They had been built before the temple, and tolerated by the prophets; (Calmet) and, though they were now improper for sacrifices, (Haydock) Asa thought it would be imprudent to molest them, (Calmet) as perhaps he could not take them away. (Du Hamel)
Salien
He left also the ruins of (Haydock) the temples built by Solomon, (Worthington) on Mount Olivet, (4 Kings xxiii.; Menochius) as no longer dangerous. (Salien)
Challoner
Lord. Asa had his faults; but never forsook the worship of the Lord. (Challoner)
Haydock
In the same sense, David is so often praised as a just prince. Asa threw a prophet into prison, and placed his trust as much in physicians, etc., 2 Paralipomenon 16:10, 12. But he did penance, and deserves to be ranked (Calmet) among the few just kings of Juda. (Haydock)
15:15
Haydock
Vowed. Hebrew, "which he himself had dedicated," or vowed, 2 Paralipomenon 15:18. (Haydock)
Calmet
Asa made liberal presents to the Lord, and gave what his father had promised, (Menochius) probably during the famous battle against Jeroboam, 2 Paralipomenon 13:5. (Abulensis, q. 17.) Abiam was a wicked prince, and had neglected this duty, that heirs were bound to execute the vows of their parents, though Moses does not express it. (Calmet)
15:16
Haydock
Their days: not that they were always fighting. (Haydock)
Calmet
Open war was declared only in the 35th year of Asa, (2 Paralipomenon 15:19.) which must be dated from the schism, and not from the commencement of his reign; since his rival, Baasa, enjoyed the sovereignty only 24 years, and died in the 26th of Asa, which was the 36th from the division of the two kingdoms. Thus Hardouin observes that the years of Commodus, in some ancient Egyptians medals, are dated from the reign of M. Aurelius, chief of that family; so that the first of Commodus is inscribed the twenty-first of Aurelius. Asa defeated Zara in the fifteenth, and attacked Israel in the sixteen year of his reign. (Usher) (Tirinus) (Calmet)
Calmet
Others would substitute 25 for 35, (Grotius; Capel.) though contrary to the text, and to all the versions. (Calmet)
15:17
Year of the World 3051, Year before Christ 953.
Haydock
Rama, fortifying it with a wall all round, 2 Paralipomenon xvi. (Haydock)
Haydock
Rama signifies, "a height." This fort commanded a narrow pass, between the two kingdoms, (Calmet) and cut off all communication; which Baasa dreaded, lest his subjects should return to the service of the true God, and of Juda. (Haydock)
St. Jerome
Josue (xviii. 25.) mentions Rama, near Gaboan, (Calmet) about five miles north of Jerusalem. (St. Jerome)
Menochius
There was another towards the south. (Menochius)
Haydock
But there the king of Israel would have no power. (Haydock)
15:18
Haydock
House. Sesac had not carried off all the treasures, (Calmet) and the losses had been since in a great measure repaired, ver. 15. (Haydock)
Menochius
Asa thought himself justified in employing these treasures in such a pressing necessity, (Calmet) perhaps (Haydock) without reason, as the danger was not so great; and he might have gained the victory without having recourse to an infidel, if he had placed more confidence in God, 2 Paralipomenon 16:7, 9. (Menochius)
He had already discomfited Zara, king of Ethiopia, and had an army of 580,000 men. (Calmet) (2 Paralipomenon 14:8.)
Haydock
Tabremon, "Good Remmon," idol of Damascus. (Haydock)
Menochius
Hezion, the same with Razon, 3 Kings 11:23. (Menochius)
15:19
Haydock
League. The infidel is ready to take part with the best bidder. (Haydock)
Menochius
Benadad gains a double reward, as he plunders the conquered. (Menochius)
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Ahion, or Ain, remote in the north, whence Theglathphalasar took away captives, (4 Kings 15:29.) is perhaps the Enan of Ezechiel 48:1., and Numbers 34:9.
Maacha. In Paralipomenon, Abel-maim, "Abela of the waters," 2 Kings 20:14.
Ceneroth, near the sea of Tiberias, Josue 11:2. Benadad kept possession of some of these places, and even built streets in Samaria, 3 Kings 20:34.
15:21
Calmet
Returned. So the Septuagint. Hebrew, "dwelt." (Calmet)
Calmet
He returned to protect his own dominions, (Menochius) and shut himself up in his capital. (Calmet)
15:22
Calmet
Excused. "When the country is to be defended, all exemptions cease." (Leg. ult.) (Calmet)
Calmet
Septuagint seem to preserve the terms of the original untranslated, "Asa called all....to Annacim." Hebrew en naki, (Haydock) means, "no one exempt." (Calmet)
Haydock
Rama belonged to the enemy; and, as it appears from this passage, was in the vicinity of Maspha. (Haydock)
15:23
Calmet
Strength. Septuagint, "dynasty," or power, whether of his dominions or of his person. (Calmet)
Feet, with the gout, (Menochius) three years before his death. He did not confide in the Lord sufficiently, 2 Paralipomenon 16:12. His body was embalmed or burnt, unless aromatic spices evaporated while it was laid on a bed of state, before it was consigned to the tomb, which Asa had prepared for himself in the city of David, 2 Paralipomenon 16:14.
15:25
Year of the World 3050, Year before Christ 954.
Calmet
Two years, incomplete; since he commenced his reign in the second, and died in the third year of Asa, ver. 28. (Calmet)
Houbigant
Petau only allows him, "a few months;" and supposes, that he had been associated on the throne with Jeroboam. But this is unnecessary. (Houbigant)
Salien
Nadab was the first king of Israel, who fell a prey to the fury of his subjects. (Salien, the year before Christ 971.)
15:27
Calmet
Gebbethon, of the tribe of Dan, occupied by the Philistines. It was often attacked, 3 Kings 16:15. (Calmet)
Menochius
The occasion of this war is not known. (Menochius)
15:28
Year of the World 3051.
15:29
Worthington
Jeroboam. The author of schism is punished in his posterity. (Worthington)
Menochius
The body of Nadab was left unburied, 3 Kings 14:11. (Menochius)
15:33
Year of the World 3051.
15:2
Maacha, etc.... She is called elsewhere Michaia, daughter of Uriel; but it was common in those days for the same person to have two names.
15:10
His mother, etc.... That is, his grandmother; unless we suppose, which is not improbable, that the Maacha here named is different from the Maacha mentioned, ver. 2.
15:14
The high places.... There were excelsa or high places of two different kinds. Some were set up, and dedicated to the worship of idols, or strange gods; and these Asa removed, 2 Par. 14.2; others were only altars of the true God, but were erected contrary to the law, which allowed of no sacrifices but in the temple; and these were not removed by Asa.—Ibid. Perfect with the Lord.... Asa had his faults; but never forsook the worship of the Lord.
15:5
Dauids postetitie conserued for his sake.
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Those altares which Salomon had made for his wiues, that were idolaters Asa destroved not. but al which Roboā and Abias had made, or suffered to be made for their owne people he pulled downe. Iosias afterward destroyed also those which Salomon had made 2. ••••l. 34.
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The a•••ou• of schisme punished in his posteritie.
15:11
san Girolamo † 420 d.C. Against the Pelagians 2
1 Kings xv. 11 . Asa, though a good man, was faulty.
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Afraate † 346 d.C. Aphrahat: Select Demonstrations 6.3
… But Job rejected her counsel. King Asa also conquered the Accursed-of-life, when he wished to come in against him, through his mother.
15:23
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel of St. John 38
… and some proceed from different kinds of loose living, since gluttony, intemperance, and sloth, produce such like sufferings. But the one rule we have to observe, is to bear every stroke thankfully; for they are sent because of our sins, as in the Kings we see one attacked by gout (
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1. IGITUR IN OCTAVO DECIMO ANNO JEROBOAM FILII NABAT (regis Israel) REGNAVIT ABIAM (filius Roboam) SUPER JUDAM.
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2. Tribus annis regnavit. — Dices: Vers. 9, Abia dicitur mortuus anno vigesimo Jeroboam, ergo non tribus, sed duobus tantum annis regnavit: nam ab anno 18 ad 20, sunt tantum duo anni. Respondeo numerandum hic esse annum 18, eumque fuisse primum regni Abiam, secundum vero fuisse 19, tertium vero 20 regni Jeroboam. Ita Abulensis, Cajetanus, Salianus et alii. Ubi nota in chronologia annum subinde a principio, subinde a fine computari: quocirca unus annus additus vel demptus in Chronologia nullam facit diversitatem. Porro Abulensis hic tres alios modos conciliandi diversam chronologiam assignat, valde utiles et notandos. Primus, est per synecdochen, qua pars anni, mensis, vel diei ponitur pro integro anno, mense, vel die. Sic Christus dicitur tribus diebus fuisse in sepulcro, quia per partem diei primæ et tertiæ fuit in sepulcro, solo autem die secundo integro in eodem mansit. Secundus, quod aliquando numerentur anni, quibus filius regnavit cum patre, aliquando vero anni quibus solus ipse regnavit post patrem. Tertius, quod quandoque interregnum jungitur annis sequentis regis vel judicis, uti ostendi Judic. cap. III, quandoque non. Eosdem modos tradit Richardus de S. Victore, tractat. De Concordia temporum regum Juda. NOMEN MATRIS EJUS MAACHA, FILIA ABESSALOM, — id est «Absalom,» ut dicitur II Paralip. XI, 21. Hebraice enim Abisalom, idem est quod Absalom. Quare vix dubitandum est, quin Absalom hic sit filius Davidis, de quo libro II crebra facta est mentio: nec enim alium legimus Absalom. Ideo ergo Absalom hic nominatur, quia ipse ex gestis ejus recensitis libro II toti Israeli fuit notissimus. Quare «Maacha» hæc eadem est cum «Thamar:» hanc enim solam filiam genuit Absalom, ut patet II Reg. XIV, 27. Ita censent Hebræi, Josephus, Lyranus, Cajetanus, Sanchez et alii. Minus recte ergo Abulensis et Salianus censent alium esse hunc Absalom ab Absalome filio Davidis. Dices: II Paral. XIII, 2, hæc «Maacha» vocatur «Michaia filia Uriel de Gabaa.» Respondet Cajetanus, Absalom fuisse binomium, alioque nomine vocatum esse «Uriel,» forte ob pulchritudinem, quod adeo esset pulcher, ut Angelus videretur, dicique posset «Uriel,» id est «lux et splendor Dei.» Aut certe Absalom fuisse patrem naturalem Maachæ; Urielem vero ejusdem fuisse patrem legalem: quod difficile est concipere, cum nullus Davidis filius legatur vocatus «Uriel,» cui quasi fratri sine liberis defuncto Absalom semen suscitare debuerit. Posset planius dici Maacham dici «filiam,» id est «neptem» Absalomis, more Scripturæ quo nepotes vocantur «filii.» Videtur enim Thamar Absalomis unica filia nupsisse Urieli, ex eoque genuisse Maacham hanc Roboami uxorem, et Abiæ matrem. Id variis conjecturis confirmatur. Nam Uriel hic fuit de Gabaa, quæ erat urbs in tribu Benjamin, fuit ergo ipse Benjaminita; ergo Uriel non est Absalom: hic enim erat de tribu Juda, æque ac David. Secundo, quia Thamar videtur fuisse hoc tempore grandævior, quam ut nuberet Roboamo. excusabant, vel non æstimabant. Hoc vero peccatum contra Uriam ab omnibus habitum fuit ut injustum, enorme et infame; ideoque Deus qui peccata tanta et tam scandalosa non sinit impunita, acriter illud punivit. Ob hoc enim omnia mala Davidi acciderunt, eique dictum est a Deo, quod nunquam recederet gladius a domo ipsius, idque ita accidisse reipsa hic ostendit, dum subdit, inter Roboam et Jeroboam æque ac Abiam perpetua fuisse bella, cædes et spoliationes. Ita Abulensis, Cajetanus et alii. Nata est enim facile 12 vel 13 annis ante mortem Davidis (nam pater ejus Absalom occisus est novem annis ante mortem Davidis, uti dixi in Chron. Davidis, sub finem lib. II Reg.). Adde annos 40 regni Salomonis, habebis 52 annos vitæ Thamar. Esto enim Roboam eam videatur duxisse ante mortem Salomonis: nam ex ea genuit Abiam, qui post triennium moriens regni successorem reliquit filium Asa. Roboam autem regnavit 17 annis duntaxat: quare Abia a Roboam ante initum regnum genitus videtur, ut eo moriente esset plusquam 17 annorum: nam post triennium moriens reliquit filium Asa jam grandævum, et habilem ad regnum. Esto, inquam, id ita sit; tamen non videtur diu ante mortem Salomonis eam duxisse, eo quod illam duxerit tertio loco, ut patet II Paral. XI, 20; filii enim regum ante regnum et ante mortem patris, non solebant multiplicare uxores. Tertio, quia hæc semper vocatur «Maacha,» nunquam Thamar, ergo non fuit ipsa Thamar, sed Thamaris filia. Quarto, quia hic vers. 10, de Asa filio Abiæ idem dicitur quod hic de Abia, scilicet: «nomen matris ejus Maacha, filia Abessalom.» Hæc ergo Maacha vel fuit eadem cum Maacha matre Abiæ, ut dicatur «mater,» id est «avia» Asæ; vel certe fuit ejus soror junior, ait Cajetanus, ut posset duci ab Asa filio Abiæ. Ergo Maacha non fuit Thamar, utpote quæ nullam sororem habuit, sed fuit unica filia Absalomis: fuit ergo Maacha filia Thamaris. Quinto, id diserte asserit Josephus, qui cum prius Maacham vocasset filiam Absalomis, mox lib. VIII, cap. III, eamdem vocat Absalomis neptem, scilicet ex Uriele et Thamar progenitam.
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3. AMBULAVITQUE IN OMNIBUS PECCATIS PATRIS SUI, — colendo idola Roboami, permittendo effeminatos, etc., hos cum idolis sustulit filius ejus Asa, ut sequitur.
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4. DEDIT EI DOMINUS DEUS SUUS LUCERNAM (id est prolem gloriosam et regiam, scilicet) UT SUSCITARET FILIUM EJUS POST EUM (ut Asa filius ei in regno succederet); ET (per eum) STATUERET JERUSALEM, — stabiliendo eam in fide et cultu veri Dei, itaque pariter stabiliendo ejus pacem, opes et regnum.
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5. Excepto sermone (id est re et facto, puta homicidio) Uriæ Hethæi. — Dices: David multa alia peccata commisit, ut dum ex superbia numeravit populum, quod peccatum Deus punivit peste et morte 70 millium hominum, II Reg. XXIV, 15, dum voluit occidere Nabal omnesque ejus domesticos, I Reg. XXV, 21, dum Miphiboseth innocenti partem dimidiam facultatum ademit, II Reg. XIX, 29. Verum hæc peccata nec tam gravia fuerunt, quam fuit adulterium et homicidium Uriæ, nec tam certa et a vulgo taxata; quin imo habebant velum et prætextum aliquem honestatis et justitiæ, saltem apud homines, qui proinde ea vel
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6. ATTAMEN BELLUM FUIT INTER ROBOAM ET JEROBOAM OMNI TEMPORE VITÆ EJUS, — q.d. Deus ob merita Davidis voluit ei dari «lucernam,» id est posteritatem regiam, scilicet Salomonem, Roboam et Abiam; sed tamen ob eorum peccata, præsertim idololatriæ, fecit ut perpetua haberent bella cum Jeroboam.
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7. FUITQUE PRÆLIUM INTER ABIAM ET INTER JEROBOAM. — illud enarratur fuse II Paralip. XIII, ubi dicitur Abiam in aciem eduxisse 400 millia, Jeroboam vero 800 millia, cumque hi utpote plures, illos cingerent, ipsos invocasse Deum, ac ejus ope ex 800 millibus cecidisse 300 millia.
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10. Nomen matris ejus Maacha filia Abessalom, — id est Absalom filii Davidis. «Filia,» id est neptis, ut liquet. Hæc enim Maacha mater Asæ, vel est eadem cum Maacha matre Abiæ, ut vult Lyranus et Serarius, ut dicatur «mater,» id est avia Asæ, sicut vers. 3, David dicitur Abiæ «pater,» id est avus; vel potius ejus soror junior, ex eadem matre Thamar Absalomis filia genita, ut ex Cajetano dixi vers. 2, aut certe ejus neptis. Maacha Hebraice idem est quod compressio, attritio, fixio, ait Pagninus. Videtur hoc nomen commune fuisse reginis sive filiabus regum Gessur: unde filia regis Gessur, quam duxit David, vocata est Maacha, quæ fuit mater Absalomis, indeque Thamar filia Absalomis suam filiam, quæ nupsit Roboamo, vocavit Maacha, ac ejus sororem, quæ nupsit Abiæ, vocavit quoque Maacha: hanc enim tam Hebræi, quam Septuaginta, Noster et Josephus constanter vocant matrem Asæ. Simili modo S. Paula, Melania, Macrina S. Basilii amita, Eudoxia, Constantia, suum nomen ad filias ac neptes transmiserunt. Porro nominatur hic Maacha «mater,» vel avia Asæ, ut Asæ insignis virtus et religio ostendatur, quod a tam impia matre educatus, tamen tam pius evaserit, adeoque ipsam matrem a sacerdotio idolorum amoverit. Sic Plinius, lib. VII epist., laudat Quadratum juvenem, quod in deliciis aviæ degens, viveret tamen severissime.
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13. INSUPER ET MAACHAM MATREM SUAM AMOVIT, NE ESSET PRINCEPS (sacerdotissa prima) IN SACRIS PRIAPI. — Hebraice ad verbum est, ne esset domina, quia fecit idolum horrendum: ubi Septuaginta, Chaldæus, Vatablus, Pagninus et alii, ne esset domina, exponunt, ne esset regina, ne regeret regnum. Unde et Noster, II Paralip. XV, 16, vertit, sed et Maacham matrem Asa regis de augusto deposuit imperio, eo quod fecisset in luco simulacrum Priapi. Hic tamen vertit, ne esset princeps in sacris Priapi; hic enim principatus sacrorum Priapi apud Judæos et idololatras erat augustum imperium, et summa dignitas, ut אשר ascer, id est quia, quod, capiatur pro באשר baascer, id est in eo quod fecit idolum, puta in cultum sui Priapi. Pro Priapi Hebraice est מפלצת miphletset, id est tremor, horror; sic vocatus Priapus, tum quia pingebatur vel sculpebatur turpi et horrenda forma; tum quia horrore suo terrorem incutiebat furibus et avibus volentibus depræhari hortos, quorum ipse erat deus et tutor; unde illud Horatii, lib. I, satyra 8 De Priapo: Deus inde ergo furum aviumque Maxima formido. Hinc et ab Hebræo miphletset, Priapus Latine dictus est Phallus et Mutinus: sic enim eum appellat Juvenalis, Satyra 5, Virgilius et Ovidius. Ita Serarius, Vatablus et Sanchez. Fuit ergo Maacha obscena et sacrilega, imo obscenitatis et sacrilegii princeps, ac meretricum et scortorum regina, ideoque suo Priapo sacravit lucum; quia libido, utpote pudenda, quærit lucos, id est sylvas umbrosas et tenebras, quibus suam turpitudinem tegat. Unde «lucus» dicitur per antiphrasin, eo quod luce careat, sitque opacus. Ita Eucherius. Porro Hebræi coluerunt Priapum nomine Beelphegor, quasi deum obscenitatis, ritibus et actibus obscenissimis. Vide dicta Numer. XXV, 3. Fecit autem hæc Asa initio regni, cum esset pene puer; eo major fuit ejus zelus et pietas. Quocirca Deus hunc Asæ zelum remuneratus est: primo, pace felici et longa; secundo, ædificatione multarum urbium; tertio, victoria illustri, qua decies centena millia Æthiopum prostravit, II Paral. XIV, 7.
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14. Excelsa autem non abstulit. — Abulensis per «excelsa» accipit templa a Salomone exstructa idolis, quæ manserunt usque ad Josiam, qui ea evertit; qua in re, inquit, non peccavit Asa, nec Josaphat, nec Ezechias, quia templa hæc jam evacuarant, erantque clausa, nec in eis colebantur idola; quare cum jam non essent amplius scandalosa, permissa sunt ad futuram rei gestæ memoriam. Melius Cajetanus «excelsa» intelligit templa in montibus et locis excelsis Deo vero dicata, in quibus Israelitæ Deo vero sacrificabant, quæ licet a Deo essent vetita, prudenter tamen ea permisit Asa, ne populi delectatio et consuetudo immolandi in excelsis eum abduceret a cultu Dei ad idololatriam: zelosi tamen reges, quales fuere Ezechias et Josias, eadem sustulerunt: quanquam dici posset Asa peccasse, quod excelsa permiserit, sicut in pluribus aliis peccavit, uti jam dicam. VERUMTAMEN COR ASA PERFECTUM ERAT CUM DOMINO CUNCTIS DIEBUS SUIS. — «Perfectum,» intellige in fide et cultu unius veri Dei, ac in exterminatione idololatriæ; nam in aliis multis peccavit Asa, ut cum ægrotans non speravit in Domino, sed confisus est in arte medicorum, de quo mox. Item cum diffidens Deo vasa sacra dedit regi Syriæ vers. 18, ad evadendum bellum regis Israel. Rursum, cum prophetam se increpantem conjecit in nervum, id est in carcerem, et vincula, multosque e populo interfecit, II Paral. XVI, 10. Vide Abulensem, Quæst. XVIII.
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15. ET INTULIT EA QUÆ SANCTIFICAVERAT (id est dicaverat, consecraverat) PATER SUUS, ET VOVERAT IN DOMUM DOMINI.
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18. AURUM QUOD REMANSERAT IN THESAURIS DOMUS DOMINI (aurum templi) etc., misit ad Benadad. — Peccavit hac in re Asa, tum quod aurum templi usurparit et alienarit; tum quod magis in Benadad impio, quam in Deo spem reposuerit, ideoque increpitus est a propheta, II Paral. XV, 1.
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23. VERUMTAMEN IN TEMPORE SENECTUTIS SUÆ DOLUIT PEDES. — Res hæc fusius narratur II Paral. XVI, 12: «Ægrotavit, inquit, Asa anno trigesimo nono regni sui, dolore pedum (podagra) vehementissimo, et nec in infirmitate sua quæsivit Dominum, sed magis in medicorum arte confisus est;» ideoque mortuus: unde illico subjungitur: «Dormivitque cum patribus suis et mortuus est anno quadragesimo primo regni sui.»
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RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… La formula introduttoria contiene: a) indicazione sincronistica dell'anno d'ascesa al trono in riferimento al conregnante re d'Israele (I Reg. 15, 1, 9; 22, 41 ecc.) o di Giuda (ibid. 15, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 52 ecc.); b) durata del regno (ibid. 15, 2, 10, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 42, 52 ecc.); c) giudizio sull'indole …
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2. M. consorte di Roboam re di Giuda e madre di Abia (I Reg. 15,2; II Par. 11, 20-22), detta «figlia» di Absalom: era in realtà sua nipote, giacché Absalom ebbe una sola figlia (II Sam. 14, 27) di nome Thamar (suo padre, secondo II Par. 13,2, si …
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… La formula introduttoria contiene: a) indicazione sincronistica dell'anno d'ascesa al trono in riferimento al conregnante re d'Israele (I Reg. 15, 1, 9; 22, 41 ecc.) o di Giuda (ibid. 15, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 52 ecc.); b) durata del regno (ibid. 15, 2, 10, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 42, 52 ecc.); c) giudizio sull'indole del sovrano sotto l'aspetto della fedeltà e meno alla religione. …
15:3
… Poiché «il suo cuore non fu perfetto davanti a Jahweh», sarebbe stato sterminato se Dio non gli avesse usato misericordia per le promesse fatte a David (I Reg. 15, 3 sg.).
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RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… aver praticata pura e semplice la religione di Jahweh (Ezechia: II Reg. 18, 3 sgg.; Giosia: ibid. 22, 2). La formula conclusiva contiene: a) indicazione della fonte, a cui anche il lettore viene rinviato per più ampie informazioni (I Reg. 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Reg. 8, 23; 10, 34 ecc.); b) morte e successore (I Reg. 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Reg. 8, 24; 10, 35 ecc.). …
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… Nel 39° suo anno di regno, non potendo più governare a causa dell'aggravarsi delle sue infermità, si associò al regno il figlio Josaphat. I Reg. 15, 8-24, II Par. 14, 1-16, 14 descrivono più minutamente le vicende del lungo regno, insistendo sulla parziale defezione religiosa di A., in conformità allo scopo pedagogico-religioso dell'opera.
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… Giosia: ibid. 22, 2). La formula conclusiva contiene: a) indicazione della fonte, a cui anche il lettore viene rinviato per più ampie informazioni (I Reg. 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Reg. 8, 23; 10, 34 ecc.); b) morte e successore (I Reg. 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Reg. 8, 24; 10, 35 ecc.). …
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Nel Vecchio Testamento 'ab (plurale 'abbôth, testi di el-Amarna abûti) assume molti significati derivati, in base alle nozioni di origine, allevamento e autorità, connesse semanticamente colla paternità: 1) Nonno (Gen. 28, 13), antenato (I Reg. 15, 11, 24; al plurale è frequente: Gen. 15, 15; Num. 14, 18; ecc.), onde 'abbôthêm' « i nostri podrì » (Eccli. 44, 1) frequente nelle preghiere dei giudei (cf. Berachoth, IX, 1), equivale …
… Re Asa successore di Abia infranse e bruciò quell'idolo, e per essere più libero nella sua riforma religiosa rimosse M., principale fautrice del culto idolatrico, dal suo rango di gēbhrāh o regina madre (I Reg. 15, 11-13). Gaetano Stano
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… (Iudc. 2, 13; 10, 6; I Sam. 12, 10) un culto che durò fino agli ultimi tempi dei due regni israelitici; perfino il re Salomone eresse negli ultimi suoi anni un tempio ad A. (I Reg., 11, 5, 33). Estirpato dal terzo successore di Salomone, il re Asa (I Reg. 15, 12-13), il culto di A. si sviluppò nel regno settentrionale d'Israele, poiché il re Acab sposò Jezabel, figlia di Etbaal, re dei Sidoni, la quale introdusse nella sua nuova patria il culto …
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… La proibizione del Levitico di immolare extra castra et tabernaculum conferma l'unità del luogo di culto e prescrive a Israele l'assoluta centralizzazione del luogo di culto per il tempo in cui si troverà in Palestina (vv. 8-12). Così è stato interpretato il testo dagli autori sacri posteriori: cf. I Reg. 15, 14; 22, 24; II Reg. 12, 4; 14, 4; 15, 4-34. Prescrizioni particolari concedono (Deut. 12, 13-19), per il tempo anteriore alla completa occupazione della Palestina, l'uccisione privata …
… Basta confrontare i testi paralleli di P. con Samuele e i Re (ad es., I Reg. 15, 14; 22, 44 con II Par. 14, 2-5; 17, 6; I Reg. 22, 49 con II Par. 20, 36 ecc.). …
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… Prima di dar battaglia a Jeroboam, A. arringò le schiere avversarie affermando l'inalienabilità dei diritti della casa di David a regnare su tutto il popolo di Dio (II Par. 13, 4-12). In occasione di questa guerra, A. fece un voto, soddisfatto poi da Asa suo figlio con ricchi doni al tempio (I Reg. 15, 15; II Par. 13, 16-19). A. ebbe 14 mogli, 22 figli e 16 figlie. …
15:17
RAMA (EBR. HĀ-RĀMĀH « L'ALTURA »)
1. R. nella tribù di Beniamin (Ios. 18, 25) sulla via Gerusalemme-Bethel (Iudc. 4, 5), a nord di Gabaa (Iudc. 19, 13; 1 Sam. 25, 6), posto avanzato a sud del Regno d'Israele e fortificato dal re Baasa (I Reg. 15, 17; II Par. 15, 1-6). Dopo la caduta di Gerusalemme divenne centro di raccolta dei prigionieri deportati in Babilonia (Ier. 41, 1). Ripopolata dopo l'esilio dai Beniaminiti (Eid. 2, 26; …
15:18
BENADAD (EBR. BEN-HÂDHAD «FIGLIO DI HADAD»; SETTANTA ΥἹῸΣ ἈΔΈΡ)
B. I, figlio di Tabremon, per forti donativi ricevuti, passò ad aiutare Asa, re di Giuda (910-870), contro Baasa, re d'Israele (908-885), suo alleato, cui inflisse una grave disfatta (I Reg. 15, 18-20; II Par. 16, 1-5).
… 23-26). Asa, re di Giuda, chiese e ottenne di stringere alleanza contro Bassa (v.), re d'Israele, con Benadad, figlio di Tabremon, figlio di Hezion (nei Settanta: Εὐρῶμ), che incorporò allora le province settentrionali d'Israele al suo regno damasceno (I Reg. 15, 18-20), ed ebbe un quartiere in Samaria (I Reg. 20, 34). Benadad II (Adad-idri dei testi cuneiformi), sconfitto da Achab re d'Israele, restituì le province che suo padre aveva tolto a Bassa …
… Nel quinto anno del re Roboan (929), Sesac re d'Egitto saccheggia il Tempio e la reggia (I Reg. 14, 25); più tardi il re Asa (910) aliena gran parte delle ricchezze cittadine per ottenere l'alleanza di Benadad, re di Siria, contro Baasa, re d'Israele (I Reg. 15, 18; II Par. 16, 2-3).
15:20
ABEL (EBR. ABHÈL «PRATO»; FORSE PERÒ È ARAMAIZZAZIONE DAL CANANEO ABIL «CANALE»)
… vicinanze di Dan. Vi si attestò Seba, inseguito da Joab; ma la città, «madre in Israele», proverbialmente savia e pacifica, gettò da sopra le mura la testa di Seba a Joab, che tolse l'assedio (II Sam. 20, 14-19). Benhadad la prese al re d'Israele Baasa (I Reg. 15, 20; II Par. 16, 4). Teglatfalasar l'occupò con le altre città di Neftali e ne deportò gli abitanti in Assiria (II Reg. 15, 29). Oggi è probabilmente Abil el-Kameh, a ovest di Banias.
15:21
THERSA (EBR. TIRZĀH; GR. ΘΕΡΑΪ́)
… Dopo averci dimorato sei anni, Amri l'abbandonò per andare a risiedere in Samaria (v.), la nuova capitale (I Reg. 15,21,33; 16,6-23). Nel 743 Manahem, probabilmente governatore di T., marciò contro Samaria, uccidendovi il Re; impadronitosi del potere, combatte la resistenza, devastando il territorio …
15:22
… Wadi Suwejnit ad est di Geba e a sud-est di Machmas, riuscì a penetrare nel campo nemico portandovi lo scompiglio e liberando la regione dai Filistei (I Sam. 13, 4; 14). Fortificata dal re Asa, fu il posto avanzato settentrionale del Regno di Giuda (I Reg. 15, 22; II Reg. 23, 8; II Par. 16, 6). Dopo l'esilio fu rioccupata dai Beniamiti (Neh. 12, 19).
MASPHA (EBR. MĪSPĀH « VEDETTA »)
… (Ios. 18, 25-26). Fu il luogo di riunione degli Ebrei dopo il fatto di Gabaa, dove la moglie del levita ebbe un'ignominiosa morte (Iudc. 20, 1-2), e in seguito di altre (I Sam. 7, 5-14; 10, 47). Fu fortificata da Asa come difesa contro le tribù del nord (I Reg. 15, 22; II Par. 16, 6). Dopo la distruzione di Gerusalemme vi fissò la residenza Godolia a nome dei Babilonesi (II Reg. 25, 23-25) e vennero ad abitarvi parecchi giudei, fra cui Geremia (Ier. …
15:23
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… Sono pessimi alcuni: Abia (ibid. 15, 23 sgg.), Achaz (II Reg. 16, 2 sgg.), Manasse (ibid. 21, 9) ecc.; parecchi hanno praticato sostanzialmente la religione di David, ma usando tolleranza verso il culto degli alti luoghi …
15:25
Regnò per due anni: 909-908 (ibid. 15, 25). Seguì la politica di suo padre, nell'allontanare le tribù del nord da Giuda e dal Tempio per rendere insanabile la scissione tra i due Regni. …
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… La formula introduttoria contiene: a) indicazione sincronistica dell'anno d'ascesa al trono in riferimento al conregnante re d'Israele (I Reg. 15, 1, 9; 22, 41 ecc.) o di Giuda (ibid. 15, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 52 ecc.); b) durata del regno (ibid. 15, 2, 10, 25, 33; 16, 8, 15, 23, 29; 22, 42, 52 ecc.); c) giudizio sull'indole del sovrano sotto l'aspetto della …
15:26
… Perciò il gesto di I. è severamente condannato nella S. Scrittura come «un incentivo di peccato» per tutto Israele (I Reg. 12, 30). Ed anche in appresso I. viene additato come colui che trascinò Israele al peccato (cf. I Reg. 15, 26; 16, 19, 26; II Reg. 10, 31; ecc.).
… Mentre assediava Gebbeton, fu ucciso da Bassa, ufficiale del suo esercito, il quale usurpò il Regno (ibid. 15, 26 sgg.). …
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… A questo riguardo i re d'Israele sono tutti paragonati a Ieroboam, che ha fatto peccare il suo popolo (ibid. 15, 26 sgg., 34; 16, 26 ecc.). …
15:27
… vince i F. e li respinge definitivamente nei loro confini originali (II Sam. 5, 17-25; 8, 1; cf. 22, 15-22; 23, 9-17). D'allora in poi i F. non intraprendono più campagne maggiori contro gli Israeliti, ma si tratta piuttosto di contese sui confini (cf. I Reg. 15, 27; 16, 15); anzi con il tempo gli Israeliti prendono l'offensiva: il re Oria (sec. …
15:31
… Quando l'agiografo cita fonti letterarie si deve supporre che in linea di massima le approvi (p. es., I Reg. 11, 41; 14, 29; 15, 31 ecc.). …
15:33
BAASA (EBR. BA'ĀH « ARDITTO » O « MALEFICO »)
… Il profeta Jehu ben Hanani gli preannunziò lo sterminio della sua stirpe in punizione della sua idolatria (I Reg. 15, 33-16, 7). Avveratosi sotto il figlio Ela (v.), il castigo rimase celebre nella storia biblica (ibid. 21, 22; II Reg. 9, 9; Ier. 41, 9).
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.