Demetrius challenges the kingdom. Alcimus applies to him to be made high priest: Nicanor is sent into Judea: his dealings with Judas: his threats. The history of Razias.
Demetrius hauing taken certaine holdes from Antiochus, 3. Alcimus lately deposed from the office of high priest, 6. accuseth good men of disloyaltie, 11. others also incense Demetrius. 12. Wherupon Nicanor being sent into Iurie, maketh Alcimus againe highpriest: 18. hath peace with Iudas, conuersing with him most familiarly. 26. But by Alcimus suggestion, seeketh to deliuer him into the king handes: 30. otherwise threatneth to prophane the temple. 34. The priestes pray God to protect them. 37. Razias being accused, and pursued, 41. in extreme distresse killeth himself with meruelous corege of spirite.
1But after the space of three years Judas, and they that were with him, understood that Demetrius, the son of Seleucus, was come up with a great power, and a navy by the haven of Tripolis, to places proper for his purpose,Ma di lì a tre anni Giuda, e i suoi intesero come Demetrio figliuolo di Seleuco con grosso esercito, e con molte navi sbarcato al porto di Tripoli era andato ad occupare dei posti importanti.BVT after the space of three yeares Iudas vnderstood, and they that were with him, that Demetrius the sonne of Seleucus with a strong multitude, and with shippes was come vp by the port of Tripolis to commodious places,Sed post triennii tempus, cognovit Judas et qui cum eo erant Demetrium Seleuci cum multitudine valida et navibus per portam Tripolis ascendisse ad loca opportuna, 2And had made himself master of the countries against Antiochus, and his general, Lysias.E aveva occupate varie regioni a dispetto di Antioco, e di Lisia.and held the countries against Antiochus, and his gouernor Lysias.et tenuisse regiones adversus Antiochum, et ducem ejus Lysiam. 3Now one Alcimus, who had been chief priest, but had wilfully defiled himself in the time of mingling with the heathens, seeing that there was no safety for him, nor access to the altar,Ma un certo Alcimo, che era state sommo Sacerdote, ma volontariamente si era contaminato nei tempi della confusione, considerando non esservi più salute per lui, né accesso all'altare,And one Alcimus that had bene highpriest, but voluntarily was contaminated in the time of the confusion, considering that there was saftie for him by no means, nor accesse to the altar,Alcimus autem quidam, qui summus sacerdos fuerat, sed voluntarie coinquinatus est temporibus commistionis, considerans nullo modo sibi esse salutem neque accessum ad altare, 4Came to king Demetrius in the year one hundred and fifty, presenting unto him a crown of gold, and a palm, and besides these, some boughs that seemed to belong to the temple. And that day indeed he held his peace.Andò a trovare il re Demetrio l'anno cento cinquanta, offerendogli una corona d'oro, e una palma, e oltre a ciò dei ramoscelli d'ulivo, i quali parerà che fossero del tempio: e per allora non disse nulla.came to king Demetrius in the yeare an hundred fiftie, offering him a crowne of gold, & a palme, & besides these, Talloes, which seemed to be of the temple. And that same day in deede he held his peace.venit ad regem Demetrium centesimo quinquagesimo anno, offerens ei coronam auream et palmam, super hæc et thallos, qui templi esse videbantur. Et ipsa quidem die siluit.
5But having gotten a convenient time to further his madness, being called to counsel by Demetrius, and asked what the Jews relied upon, and what were their counsels,Ma trovato un tempo opportuno alla sua stoltezza, essendo stato chiamato in consiglio da Demetrio, ed essendo interrogato qual fosse il sistema de' Giudei, e con quali consigli si reggessero,But hauing gotten a commodious time for his madnes, being called of Demetrius to counsel, and asked on what thing and counsels the Iewes rested, he answered:Tempus autem opportunum dementiæ suæ nactus, convocatus a Demetrio ad consilium, et interrogatus quibus rebus et consiliis Judæi niterentur, 6He answered thereunto: They among the Jews that are called Assideans, of whom Judas Machabeus is captain, nourish wars, and raise seditions, and will not suffer the realm to be in peace.Rispose: Que' Giudei, che hanno il nome di Assidei, che hanno per caporione Giuda Maccabeo, nutriscon la guerra, e muovono le sedizioni, e non permettono, che il regno abbia pace:They of the Iewes that are called Assidians, of whom Iudas Machabeus is captaine, nourish battels, and moue seditions, neither doe they suffer the realme to be quiet.respondit: Ipsi qui dicuntur Assidæi Judæorum, quibus præest Judas Machabæus, bella nutriunt, et seditiones movent, nec patiuntur regnum esse quietum: 7For I also being deprived of my ancestors’ glory (I mean of the high priesthood) am now come hither:E io pure spogliato della dignità dei miei maggiori, voglio dire del sommo Sacerdozio, son venuto qua:For I also being defrawded of my ancestours glorie (I meane of the high priesthood) am come hither:nam et ego defraudatus parentum gloria (dico autem summo sacerdotio) huc veni: 8Principally indeed out of fidelity to the king’s interests, but in the next place also to provide for the good of my countrymen: for all our nation suffereth much from the evil proceedings of these men.Primieramente per essere fedele alle convenienze del re, in secondo luogo ancora per fare il bene de' miei concittadini, imperocché non piccole vessazioni patisce tutta la nostra nazione per la malvagità di coloro.principally in deede keping fidelitie to the kings commodities, but secondly also prouiding for my citizens, forby their naughtines al our stocke is not a little vexed.primo quidem utilitatibus regis fidem servans, secundo autem etiam civibus consulens: nam illorum pravitate universum genus nostrum non minime vexatur.
9Wherefore, O king, seeing thou knowest all these things, take care, I beseech thee, both of the country, and of our nation, according to thy humanity which is known to all men.Ma tu, o re, per la tua bontà a tutti notissima, informato di ciascheduna di queste cose provvedi al paese, e alla nazione:But al these thinges being knowen, ô king, prouide I pray thee, both for the countrie, & for our stocke according to thy humanitie published to al men.Sed oro his singulis, o rex, cognitis, et regioni et generi, secundum humanitatem tuam pervulgatam omnibus, prospice: 10For as long as Judas liveth it is not possible that the state should be quiet.Imperocché sino a tanto che Giuda sarà al mondo non è possibile, che vi sia pace.For as long as Iudas is aliue, it is vnpossible that there be peace to the affayres.nam, quamdiu superest Judas, impossibile est pacem esse negotiis. 11Now when this man had spoken to this effect the rest also of the king’s friends, who were enemies of Judas, incensed Demetrius against him.Dopo ch'egli ebbe dette tali cose, anche tutti gli amici, che nutrivano odio contro di Giuda, riscaldaron Demetrio.And such thinges being sayed of him, the other freinds also behauing themselues as enemies against Iudas, incensed Demetrius.Talibus autem ab hoc dictis, et ceteri amici hostiliter se habentes adversus Judam, inflammaverunt Demetrium. 12And forthwith he sent Nicanor, the commander over the elephants, governor into Judea:Ed egli mandò subito per capitano nella Giudea Nicanore, il quale aveva il comando sopra gli elefanti:Who forthwith sent Nicanor, chiefe ouer the elephants captaine into Iurie: geuing him commission, that he should take Iudas himselfe:Qui statim Nicanorem præpositum elephantorum ducem misit in Judæam: 13Giving him in charge, to take Judas himself: and disperse all them that were with him, and to make Alcimus the high priest of the great temple.Dando a lui commissione di prender vivo Giuda, di dispergere la gente, che era con lui, e di mettere Alcimo in possesso del sommo Sacerdozio del massimo tempio.but them that were with him, he should disperse, & make Alcimus the high priest of the greatest temple.datis mandatis ut ipsum quidem Judam caperet: eos vero qui cum illo erant, dispergeret, et constitueret Alcimum maximi templi summum sacerdotem. 14Then the Gentiles who had fled out of Judea, from Judas, came to Nicanor by flocks, thinking the miseries and calamities of the Jews to be the welfare of their affairs.Allora i Gentili fuggiti dalla Giudea per timore di Giuda, si unirono a branchi con Nicanore, tenendo per propria felicità le miserie, e le rovine de' Giudei.Then the nations, which had fled from Iudas out of Iurie, ioyned them selues by troupes with Nicanor, esteming the miseries, and calamities of the Iewes the prosperities of their owne affayres.Tunc gentes quæ de Judæa fugerant Judam, gregatim se Nicanori miscebant, miserias et clades Judæorum prosperitates rerum suarum existimantes.
15Now when the Jews heard of Nicanor’s coming, and that the nations were assembled against them, they cast earth upon their heads, and made supplication to him who chose his people to keep them for ever, and who protected his portion by evident signs.I Giudei pertanto, saputo l'arrivo di Nicanore, e l'unione de' Gentili con esso, sparso il capo di terra pregavan colui, il quale avea fondato quel suo popolo per conservarlo eternamente, e il quale avea protetta con evidenti miracoli la sua eredità.The Iewes therfore hauing heard of Nicanors coming, & the assemblie of the nations, being sprinkled with earth besought him, that ordayned his people to kepe them for euer, and that protecteth his portion by euident signes.Audito itaque Judæi Nicanoris adventu, et conventu nationum, conspersi terra rogabant eum qui populum suum constituit, ut in æternum custodiret, quique suam portionem signis evidentibus protegit. 16Then at the commandment of their captain, they forthwith removed from the place where they were, and went to the town of Dessau, to meet them.E secondo l'ordine del condottiere si mossero immediatamente, e si adunarono al castello di Dessau.And the captaine commanding forthwith they remoued from thence, and they came together to the castel of Dessau.Imperante autem duce, statim inde moverunt, conveneruntque ad castellum Dessau. 17Now Simon, the brother of Judas, had joined battle with Nicanor: but was frightened with the sudden coming of the adversaries.Ma Simone fratello di Giuda essendo venuto alle mani con Nicanore, si atterri per essere sopraggiunti improvvisamente altri nemici.And Simon the brother of Iudas had ioyned battel with Nicanor: but he was made afrayd with the sodaine coming of the aduersaries.Simon vero frater Judæ commiserat cum Nicanore: sed conterritus est repentino adventu adversariorum. 18Nevertheless Nicanor hearing of the valour of Judas’s companions, and the greatness of courage, with which they fought for their country, was afraid to try the matter by the sword.Contuttociò Nicanore informato del valore de' soldati di Giuda, e della grandezza d'animo, colla quale combattevano per la patria, non ardiva di decidere la contesa colla spada.Neuertheles Nicanor hearing the manlines of Iudas companions, and greatnes of courege, that they had for the conflicts of their countrie, was afrayde to make tryall by bloud.Nicanor tamen, audiens virtutem comitum Judæ, et animi magnitudinem quam pro patriæ certaminibus habebant, sanguine judicium facere metuebat.
19Wherefore he sent Posidonius, and Theodotius and Matthias before to present and receive the right hands.Per la qual cosa mandò innanzi Posidonio, e Teodozio, e Mattia a portar le parole, e riferir le risposte.Wherfore he sent Posidonius, and Theodotius, & Mathias before to geue and take the right handes.Quam ob rem præmisit Posidonium, et Theodotium, et Matthiam, ut darent dextras atque acciperent. 20And when there had been a consultation thereupon, and the captain had acquainted the multitude with it, they were all of one mind to consent to covenants.E tenutosi lungo consiglio sopra tal materia, e lo stesso condottiere avendone dato conto al popolo, fu concorde parere di tutti, che si accettasse la pace.And when there was long consultation of these thinges, and the captaine himself had moued it to the multitude, there was one sentence of them al to accord vnto amitie.Et cum diu de his consilium ageretur, et ipse dux ad multitudinem retulisset, omnium una fuit sententia amicitiis annuere. 21So they appointed a day upon which they might come together by themselves: and seats were brought out, and set for each one.Per la qual cosa stabilirono il giorno, nel quale i capitani conferissero tra di loro segretamente, e furono portate, e messe le sedie per l'uno, e per l'altro.Therfore they appointed a day, wherin they might secretly deale among them selues, and seates were brought forth and sette for euery one.Itaque diem constituerunt, qua secreto inter se agerent: et singulis sellæ prolatæ sunt, et positæ. 22But Judas ordered armed men to be ready in convenient places, lest some mischief might be suddenly practised by the enemies: so they made an agreeable conference.Ma Giuda avea comandato, che stesse un numero di soldati in luoghi opportuni, affinchè non potessero i nemici improvvisamente far qualche male: ma il colloquio passò bene.But Iudas commanded armed men to be in places conuenient, lest perhaps some mischefe might sodainly arise from the enemies: & they made agreable communication.Præcepit autem Judas armatos esse locis opportunis, ne forte ab hostibus repente mali aliquid oriretur: et congruum colloquium fecerunt. 23And Nicanor abode in Jerusalem, and did no wrong, but sent away the flocks of the multitudes that had been gathered together.Indi Nicanore si fermò a Gerusalemme, e non fece cosa contro ragione, e licenziò quei branchi di gente, che si erano raunati.Nicanor abode at Ierusalem, and did nothing vniustly, and the flockes of the multitudes, that had bene gathered together he diminished.Morabatur autem Nicanor Jerosolymis, nihilque inique agebat: gregesque turbarum quæ congregatæ fuerant, dimisit.
24And Judas was always dear to him from the heart, and he was well affected to the man.Egli amava sempre Giuda di cuore, essendo inclinato verso la sua persona.And he esteemed Iudas alwayes deare from the hart, and he was inclined to the man.Habebat autem Judam semper carum ex animo, et erat viro inclinatus. 25And he desired him to marry a wife, and to have children. So he married: he lived quietly, and they lived in common.E lo pregò che si ammogliasse per avere figliuoli; celebrò le sue nozze, si mantenne tranquillo, e viveano familiarmente.And he desired him to marrie a wife, and to beget children. He made a marriage, he liued quietly, and they liued in common.Rogavitque eum ducere uxorem, filiosque procreare. Nuptias fecit: quiete egit, communiterque vivebant. 26But Alcimus seeing the love they had one to another, and the covenants, came to Demetrius, and told him that Nicanor had assented to the foreign interest, for that he meant to make Judas, who was a traitor to the kingdom, his successor.Ma Alcimo veggendolo scambievole affetto, che era tra loro, e i patti onde erano convenuti, andò a trovar Demetrio, e gli disse, che Nicanore favoriva gli interessi degli altri, e avea dato a lui per successore Giuda, il quale aspirava a regnare.But Alcimus seeing their charitie one towardes an other, and the couenantes, came to Demetrius, and sayd that Nicanor assented to forraine matters, and that he ment to make Iudas being a traytour to the kingdom, his successour.Alcimus autem, videns caritatem illorum ad invicem et conventiones, venit ad Demetrium, et dicebat Nicanorem rebus alienis assentire, Judamque regni insidiatorem successorem sibi destinasse. 27Then the king, being in a rage, and provoked with this man’s wicked accusations, wrote to Nicanor, signifying that he was greatly displeased with the covenant of friendship: and that he commanded him nevertheless to send Machabeus prisoner in all haste to Antioch.Onde esasperato il re, e per le calunnie orribili di colui altamente sdegnato scrisse a Nicanore facendogli sapere, che non volea sentir parlare del trattato di amicizia, ma ordinava subito mandasse Giuda incatenato ad Antiochia.Therfore the king being exasperated with this mans most wicked criminations, wrote to Nicanor, saying, that he in deede was greatly displeased for the couenant of their amitie: neuertheles that he commanded him to send Machabeus quickly prisoner to Antioch.Itaque rex exasperatus, et pessimis hujus criminationibus irritatus, scripsit Nicanori, dicens graviter quidem se ferre de amicitiæ conventione, jubere tamen Machabæum citius vinctum mittere Antiochiam.
28When this was known, Nicanor was in a consternation, and took it grievously that he should make void the articles that were agreed upon, having received no injury from the man.Intese tali cose Nicanore ne restò grandemente commosso, e non poteva soffrire di avere ad annullare quello, che era stato convenuto, senza aver ricevuto verun torto da quell'uomo:Which thinges being knowen Nicanor was amased, and tooke it greuously, if he should vndoe those thinges which they had couenanted, being nothing hurt of the man.Quibus cognitis, Nicanor consternabatur, et graviter ferebat, si ea quæ convenerant irrita faceret, nihil læsus a viro: 29But because he could not oppose the king, he watched an opportunity to comply with the orders.Ma non potendo disubbidire al re, attendeva l'opportunità per eseguire i comandi.But because he could not resist the king, he obserued oportunitie wherby to accomplish the commandement.sed quia regi resistere non poterat, opportunitatem observabat qua præceptum perficeret. 30But when Machabeus perceived that Nicanor was more stern to him, and that when they met together as usual he behaved himself in a rough manner; and was sensible that this rough behaviour came not of good, he gathered together a few of his men, and hid himself from Nicanor.Maccabeo però osservando che Nicanore se gli mostrava più sostenuto, e nelle usate visite lo trattava con qual che durezza, comprese, che quella durezza non indicava nulla di buono, e messo insieme un piccol numero de' suoi, si tenne nascosto a Nicanore.But Machabeus seeing that Nicanor dealt with him more austerely, and that he exhibited his accustomed meeting more sternely, vnderstanding this austeritie not to be of good, a few of his companie gathered together, he hid him self from Nicanor.At Machabæus, videns secum austerius agere Nicanorem, et consuetum occursum ferocius exhibentem, intelligens non ex bono esse austeritatem istam, paucis suorum congregatis, occultavit se a Nicanore. 31But he finding himself notably prevented by the man, came to the great and holy temple: and commanded the priests that were offering the accustomed sacrifices, to deliver him the man.Or questi quand'ebbe riconosciuto, che l'altro lo avea giudiziosamente prevenuto, si portò al massimo, e santissimo tempio in tempo che i sacerdoti offerivano le vittime consuete, e ordinò loro, che gli consegnassero quell'uomo:Which when he vnderstood that he was stoutly preuented of the man, he came to the most great & most holie temple: and the priestes offering the accustomed hostes, he commanded the man to be deliuered vnto him.Quod cum ille cognovit, fortiter se a viro præventum, venit ad maximum et sanctissimum templum: et sacerdotibus solitas hostias offerentibus, jussit sibi tradi virum.
32And when they swore unto him, that they knew not where the man was whom he sought, he stretched out his hand to the temple,E affermando quelli con giuramento di non sapere dove si fosse quegli ch'ei ricercava, stesa la mano verso il tempio,Who saying with an oath, that they knew not where he was, that was demanded, stretching out his hand to the temple,Quibus cum juramento dicentibus nescire se ubi esset qui quærebatur, extendens manum ad templum, 33And swore, saying: Unless you deliver Judas prisoner to me, I will lay this temple of God even with the ground, and will beat down the altar, and I will dedicate this temple to Bacchus.Giurò, e disse: Se voi non mi darete nelle mani Giuda legato, io agguaglierò al suolo questo tempio di Dio, e distruggerò l'altare, e consagrerò qui un tempio a Bacco.he sware, saying: Vnles you wil deliuer Iudas prisoner vnto me, I wil beate downe this temple of God to the flat ground, and wil digge downe the altar, and this temple I wil consecrate to Liber pater.juravit, dicens: Nisi Judam mihi vinctum tradideritis, istud Dei fanum in planitiem deducam, et altare effodiam, et templum hoc Libero patri consecrabo. 34And when he had spoken thus, he departed. But the priests stretching forth their hands to heaven, called upon him that was ever the defender of their nation, saying in this manner:E detto questo se n'andò: Ma i sacerdoti stendendo al cielo le mani invocavan colui, che era stato mai sempre il difensore della loro nazione, e dicevano:And when he had sayd these thinges, he departed. But the priestes stretching forth their hands vnto heauen, inuocated him that was alwayes the defender of their nation, saying thus:Et his dictis abiit. Sacerdotes autem protendentes manus in cælum, invocabant eum qui semper propugnator esset gentis ipsorum, hæc dicentes: 35Thou, O Lord of all things, who wantest nothing, wast pleased that the temple of thy habitation should be amongst us.Tu Signore dell'universo, che di nulla abbisogni, tu volesti avere tra noi un tempio per tua abitazione.Thou ô Lord of al, which lackest nothing, wouldest a temple of thy habitation to be made amongst vs.Tu, Domine universorum, qui nullius indiges, voluisti templum habitationis tuæ fieri in nobis. 36Therefore now, O Lord, the holy of all holies, keep this house for ever undefiled, which was lately cleansed.Or tu, Santo de' Santi, padrone di tutte le cose, conserva in eterno in contaminata questa casa, la quale poco tempo fa è stata purificata.And now ô Lord holie of al holies, preserue for euer this house impolluted, which of late hath bene clensed.Et nunc, Sancte sanctorum, omnium Domine, conserva in æternum impollutam domum istam, quæ nuper mundata est.
37Now Razias, one of the ancients of Jerusalem, was accused to Nicanor, a man that was a lover of the city, and of good report, who for his kindness was called the father of the Jews.Fu accusato davanti a Nicanore un certo Razia de' seniori di Gerusalemme, uomo amante della patria, e molto riputato, il quale pel suo affetto era chiamato il padre de' Giudei.And Razias one of the ancients of Ierusalem, was accused to Nicanor, a man that was a louer of the citie, and wel reported of, who for his affection was called father of the Iewes.Razias autem quidam de senioribus ab Jerosolymis delatus est Nicanori, vir amator civitatis, et bene audiens: qui pro affectu pater Judæorum appellabatur. 38This man, for a long time, had held fast his purpose of keeping himself pure in the Jews’ religion, and was ready to expose his body and life, that he might persevere therein.Questi in molte occasioni si era mantenuto incontaminato, e costante nel Giudaismo, ed era pronto a dare il corpo, e la vita per mantener la perseveranza.This man long time kept the purpose of continencie in Iudaisme, and content to geue his bodie and life for perseuerance.Hic multis temporibus continentiæ propositum tenuit in Judaismo, corpusque et animam tradere contentus pro perseverantia. 39So Nicanor being willing to declare the hatred that he bore the Jews, sent five hundred soldiers to take him.E Nicanore per dimostrare l'odio, che avea contro i Giudei, mandò cinquecento soldati a prenderlo:But Nicanor willing to manifest the hatred that he had against the Iewes, sent fiue hundred souldiars to take him.Volens autem Nicanor manifestare odium quod habebat in Judæos, misit milites quingentos ut eum comprehenderent. 40For he thought by ensnaring him to hurt the Jews very much.Perocché si credeva, che ove lo avesse sedotto, avrebbe fatto un grandissimo male a' Giudei.for he thought if he had intrapped him, that he should doe the Iewes verie great hurt.Putabat enim, si illum decepisset, se cladem Judæis maximam illaturum. 41Now as the multitude sought to rush into his house, and to break open the door, and to set fire to it, when he was ready to be taken, he struck himself with his sword:Or mentre quella turba di soldati tentavano di sforzare la casa, e di spezzare la porta, e di appiccarvi il fuoco, stando egli li per esser pigliato, si diede un colpo di spada,But the multitudes coueting to rush into his house, and to breake open the gate, & to set fyre therto, when he was in taking, he strooke himselfe with a sword:Turbis autem irruere in domum ejus, et januam dirumpere: atque ignem admovere cupientibus, cum jam comprehenderetur, gladio se petiit,
42Choosing to die nobly rather than to fall into the hands of the wicked, and to suffer abuses unbecoming his noble birth.Eleggendosi di piuttosto morire gloriosamente, che essere soggetto ai peccatori, ed essere strapazzato con oltraggi indegni della sua nascita.choosing to dye nobly rather then to be made subiect to sinners, and against his noble birth to suffer vnworthie iniuries.eligens nobiliter mori potius quam subditus fieri peccatoribus, et contra natales suos indignis injuriis agi. 43But whereas through haste he missed of giving a sure wound, and the crowd was breaking into the doors, he ran boldly to the wall, and manfully threw himself down to the crowd:Ma non essendo stato mortale il colpo, ch'ei si era dato in quella fretta, ed entrando a furia la turba nella casa, corse animosamente alla muraglia, e si precipitò addosso alla turba:But wheras for hast he had not made the wound with a sure stroke, and the multitudes brake in within the dores, running backe boldly to the wal, he threwe downe him selfe manfully headlong vnto the multitudes:Sed cum per festinationem non certo ictu plagam dedisset, et turbæ intra ostia irrumperent, recurrens audacter ad murum præcipitavit semetipsum viriliter in turbas: 44But they quickly making room for his fall, he came upon the midst of the neck.E quegli immantinente gli fecer luogo, perché non venisse sopra di loro; ed egli diede colla testa sul pavimento:who quickly geuing place to his fal he fel vpon his necke.quibus velociter locum dantibus casui ejus, venit per mediam cervicem. 45And as he had yet breath in him, being inflamed in mind, he arose: and while his blood ran down with a great stream, and he was grievously wounded, he ran through the crowd:E respirando tuttora, pieno di spiriti ardenti si rialzò, e benché versasse in gran copia il sangue dalle sue mortali ferite, passò correndo per mezzo alla turba:And when he had breathed, incensed in minde he arose: and when his blood ranne with a great streame, & he was wounded with most greuous wounds, running he passed through the multitude:Et cum adhuc spiraret, accensus animo, surrexit, et cum sanguis ejus magno fluxu deflueret, et gravissimis vulneribus esset saucius, cursu turbam pertransiit: 46And standing upon a steep rock, when he was now almost without blood, grasping his bowels, with both hands he cast them upon the throng, calling upon the Lord of life and spirit, to restore these to him again: and so he departed this life.E standosi sopra un sasso isolato, essendo già senza sangue, prese colle sue mani le proprie viscere, le gettò sopra quella gente, invocando il Signore della vita, e dello spirito, affinchè quelle rendesse a lui un'altra volta; e in tal guisa fini di vivere.and standing vpon a certaine steepe rocke, & now being become without bloud, gryping his bowels, with both handes he cast them vpon multitudes, inuocating the dominatour of life and spirit, that he would restore these to him againe: & so he departed this life.et stans supra quamdam petram præruptam, et jam exsanguis effectus, complexus intestina sua, utrisque manibus projecit super turbas, invocans dominatorem vitæ ac spiritus ut hæc illi iterum redderet: atque ita vita defunctus est.
14:1
Year of the World 3842, Year before Christ 162.
Worthington
But. Read 1 Machabees 7:1. (Worthington)
Years of Eupator's reign, or dating from the purification of the temple.
Demetrius, to whom the crown belonged, 1 Machabees 7:1.
14:3
Haydock
Priest, after Menelaus, (1 Machabees 7:5.) but never recognized, as Judas was then pontiff. He had, moreover, voluntarily defiled himself during the times of persecution; or, according to most Greek copies, (Calmet) when there was "no mixture" of Gentiles in the land to instigate him. (Haydock)
Worthington
Though he was of Aaron's stock, this apostacy rendered him ineligible; Mathathias was chosen, being also descended from Aaron, and more sincere in religion. (Worthington)
14:4
Year of the World 3843.
Menochius
Fifty, according to the Chaldean reckoning, 2 Machabees 2:21. (Menochius)
Boughs; probably (Haydock) of gold, (Worthington) or adorned with leaves of that metal. People presented what they thought proper to the temple. The apostles admired these gifts, as well as the stones of that fabric, Luke 21:5.
14:6
Calmet
Assideans: the most zealous defenders of the faith. Alcimus had slain sixty of them, 1 Machabees 7:12, 19. (Calmet)
This description, given by enemies through malice, serves to shew the zeal and sincerity of these people in promoting God's law and virtue.
Worthington
Him. See 1 Machabees 7:26. (Worthington)
Alcimus was guilty of much falsehood. He was not of the family to which the high priesthood belonged, and he had rendered himself unworthy of it, ver. 3, 7.
14:12
Nicanor; perhaps the same who had been defeated, 2 Machabees 8:21., and 1 Machabees 4:8.
14:13
Great temple. Such was the pagan's idea of it, ver. 31.
14:14
Calmet
Gentiles and apostate Jews. (Calmet)
Worthington
Such people and politicians advanced themselves by pillaging the faithful. (Worthington)
14:17
Coming. Greek, "silence," (Bodwell) fearing some stratagem.
14:20
Captain. Judas laid the proposals before all the people.
14:24
Calmet
From the heart; sincerely. (Calmet)
Haydock
Greek, "he had Judas always in sight." (Haydock)
Tirinus
His love was only apparent. (Tirinus)
Yet this is contrary to the text, (Haydock) and to the common opinion.
14:26
Calmet
His successor, so as to keep Alcimus out of his office. (Calmet)
14:29
Haydock
The king. Nicanor was a worldly politician, like Pilate and other judges who have no zeal for religion, (Worthington) or for justice, being disposed to sacrifice all to their own interest. (Haydock)
14:30
Haydock
A few. Greek and Syriac, "not a few." (Haydock)
Calmet
Nicanor attacked him, and lost 5000 men, 1 Machabees 12:27. (Calmet)
14:32
Knew not. This was true, and they would not seek for him (Worthington) if it had been required.
14:33
Haydock
Bacchus: a very suitable temple, when beaten to the ground! (Haydock)
Worthington
He is styled Liber, and accounted the inventor of wine: hence drunkards dedicate temples to him. (Worthington)
14:37
Jews. No crime could be laid to his charge, but his love for religion and his country.
14:38
14:41
Challoner
He struck himself, etc. St. Augustine (Epist. lxi. ad Dulcitium et lib. 2. cap. 23. ad Epist. 2. Gaud.) discussing this fact of Razias, says that the holy Scripture relates it, but doth not praise it, as to be admired or imitated, and that it was not well done by him, or at least not proper in this time of grace. (Challoner)
Calmet
Whether he was thus inspired or not, we dare not decide. The Jews infer form the conduct of Samson, Saul, and Razias, that suicide is lawful when a person fears being overcome by torments, or giving occasion to other's blasphemy. But Christianity lays down better maxims; (Romans 3:8.) and St. Augustine, (contra Gaud. 1:31., and ep. 61 or 204) St. Thomas Aquinas, ([Summa Theologiae] 2:2. q. 64. a. 5.) and others, disapprove of this action, observing that it is recorded and not praised, though other virtues of Razias be commended. (Calmet)
Worthington
It was either not well done, or not to be imitated in this time of grace. (St. Augustine, 2:23. contra ep. 2. Gaud.) (Worthington)
Yet this holy doctor excuses Samson and some Christian virgins, by saying that they acted by the direction of the Holy Spirit. (Sup. and City of God 1:21.) (Haydock) (Lyranus) Tirinius)
Menochius
This seems to be here the case, as the fact appears to be commended. (Menochius)
14:44
Neck. Venit per medium cervicem.
G.[Calmet?]
In the Greek it is keneona, which signifies a void place, where there is no building; (Challoner; Grotius) and also "the belly," which accounts for his not being killed on the spot. (G.[Calmet?])
14:3
Now Alcimus, who had been chief priest.... This Alcimus was of the stock of Aaron, but for his apostasy here mentioned was incapable of the high priesthood, but king Antiochus Eupator appointed him in place of the high priest, (see above, 1 Mac. chap. 7., ver. 9,) as Menelaus had been before him, set up by Antiochus (above chap. 4.), yet neither of them were truly high priests; for the true high priesthood was amongst the Machabees, who were also of the stock of Aaron, and had strictly held their religion, and were ordained according to the rites commanded in the law of Moses.—Ibid. Mingling.... with the heathens; that is, in their idolatrous worship.
14:41
He struck himself, etc.... St. Augustine, (Epist. 61, ad Dulcitium, et lib. 2, cap. 23, ad Epist. 2, Gaud.) discussing this fact of Razias, says, that the holy scripture relates it, but doth not praise it, as to be admired or imitated, and that either it was not well done by him, or at least not proper in this time of grace.
14:44
He came upon the midst of the neck.... Venit per mediam cervicem. In the Greek it is keneona, which signifies a void place, where there is no building.
14:1
Y
14:3
Alcimus was of Aarons stock. li. 1. c 7. v. 14. but for this apostasie here mentioned was vncapable of high priesthood, & so Matthathias vvas ordayned being of the same progenie and most sincere in religion.
14:4
a golden bough.
14:6
This description of the Assideans made by their malicious enimie in calumnious and odious termes, sheweth vvel their singular zele, & sinceritie in promoting Gods seruice. And so their aduersaries malignant accusations more against them then al others, is a plaine testimonie of their more rate and more singular vertues.
14:11
li. 1. •. 7. v. 26.
14:12
a
14:14
Apostates and politikes make their gayne by spoyling the faithful.
14:29
Nicanor a right worldlie politike, a figure of Pilate and of such temporizing Iudges, counsellers, and courtiers, as lacke zele in religion.
14:32
They knevv not precisely vvhere Iudas vvas, neither vvould they search for him to deliuer him to the persecutor.
14:33
Bacchus called also Liber, and by manie other names, feaned by infidels to be auctor and god of wine. And therfore drunkards dedicate feastes & temples to him.
14:41
S. Augustin epist 61. ad Dul•itium & l. 2. c. 23. ad epist. 2. Gaud. discussing th•• fact; saith the helie scripture doth tel it, not praise it. As to be admired not to be imitated, & that either it vvas not vvel done by him, or at least is not conuenient in this time of grace.
14:46
li. 1. c. 7. v. 39.
14:33
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans 19
… Or rather, even in the season of thy captivity thou wast not deserted, but even there were Daniel, and Ezekiel, and in Egypt Jeremiah, and in the desert Moses. After this thou didst revert to thy former vice again, and wast a reveller ( ἐξεβακχεύθης
14:1
1. But after the space of three years, — that is, in the third year from the death of Antiochus Epiphanes, namely in the year 150 of the Greeks, as is said in verse 4. For the Author of this book II supposes that Antiochus Epiphanes died in the year 148 of the Greeks; for although he died in the year 149, according to the Jewish reckoning, nevertheless this year 149 was 148, according to the Antiochene reckoning, as I said above; and consequently this year 150 of the Greeks according to the Antiochene reckoning was 151 according to the Jewish reckoning. Demetrius of Seleucus. — Seleucus here was the elder son of Antiochus the Great; but the younger son of the same was Antiochus Epiphanes. Wherefore to Demetrius, as the son of the elder brother, the kingdom of Asia and Syria was due. Demetrius therefore, a hostage at Rome, hearing that his uncle Antiochus Epiphanes had departed this life, asked the Romans for permission to return to his own people, and to seize the kingdom which was due to him by right. But the Romans denied it to him, because they feared him more than Eupator, the son of Epiphanes, as he was a boy. Wherefore Demetrius, fleeing secretly from Rome, came into Syria, where he was crowned king by his own people, and having slain Eupator and Lysias, seized the kingdom, as I said in book I, chapter VII.
14:3
3. But Alcimus. (Concerning this Alcimus, the false high priest and traitor, I spoke in book I, chapter VII, 7,) but he willingly defiled himself in the times of the mingling; (namely, when Antiochus Epiphanes ordered the Jews to mingle with the Gentiles, and to apostatize from Judaism to Gentilism, then Alcimus also apostatized: wherefore) considering that in no way was there salvation for him, nor access to the altar, — both because the Jews had excluded him from the temple as an apostate, and because Judas Maccabaeus, now exercising the office of High Priest and principality, would in no way have suffered Alcimus as a rival; on which account Alcimus begged Demetrius to send Nicanor against Judas, so that he might confer the High Priesthood upon him.
14:4
4. Offering to him a golden crown (by which he was congratulating the new king Demetrius on his new kingdom) and a palm, (by which he was beseeching for him victory against Judas and the other enemies,) and branches, (that is, branches from the olive tree, by which he was begging for peace: for the olive is a symbol of peace, but this sacrilegious man had taken these from the temple. Whence it follows:) which seemed to be of the temple. — Moreover these branches and palms, as well as the crown, were wrought of gold.
14:6
6. Those who are called Assideans, (who these were I said in book I, chapter VII, 13,) over whom Judas Maccabaeus presides. — Hence it is clear that Judas was an Assidean in religion and piety, nay, the first and chief of the Assideans.
14:18
18. But Nicanor, hearing of the virtue of the companions of Judas, etc., feared to decide the matter by blood, — that is, he feared to contend in battle, and to settle the dispute by arms; for he feared to be conquered and slain by Judas; wherefore he sent legates to him for the sake of peace, and made peace with him.
14:24
24. Now he had Judas always dear from his heart. — In Greek ἐν πρόσωπον, that is, in his face, as if to say: Nicanor always had Judas before his eyes as a friend and familiar to him. And he was inclined to the man, — that is, he was favorably disposed and benevolent toward Judas. Some explain "in his face" differently, as if to say: Nicanor outwardly pretended to be a friend to Judas; but inwardly he hated him as the strongest leader of war, to whom he could not be equal, and therefore he urged him to take a wife, so that through her he might be made effeminate and lay aside his warlike spirit; just as Samson was made effeminate through his Delilah and was deprived of his strength. But this sense is contrary to the Vulgate, which says: "He had Judas dear from his heart."
14:25
25. And he asked him (Judas) to take a wife and beget children, — so that he might beget offspring like himself, and transfer into them his own strength and warlike virtue; for as the Lyric poet says: The brave are born of the brave and good. There is virtue in young cattle, there is in horses of their fathers, nor do fierce eagles beget a timid dove. Thus Horace, book IV, ode IV. Gorionides adds that Judas begot a male son from his wife; but he seems to have soon perished just as Judas did, who fell in battle the following year; for no mention is made of his son in Scripture. And they lived together, — namely, Judas and Nicanor were mutually familiar to each other. Otherwise Serarius translates the Greek ἐκοινώνησε βίου: He lived a common life, or lived together, namely Judas, as if to say: Judas had nothing of his own; but like an Assidean, or Essene, he lived in common with his companions, as religious now live.
14:26
26. But Alcimus, etc., as if to say: Alcimus, the rival of Judas, accused Nicanor before King Demetrius, that he had made a pact with his enemy Judas and had designated him as a successor to the kingdom (in Greek διάδοχος, that is, a deputy) for himself (namely, one who would preside over the camp in his place); — whence Demetrius, angered, ordered Nicanor to capture Judas and send him to himself; for he believed Judas was plotting against his kingdom. 31. Bravely (in Greek, generously) prevented by the man (Judas). — For it is the mark of a noble man to foresee prudently future snares and dangers, and to guard against them, and to place himself and his affairs in safety, as Judas did here.
14:37
37. Now Razias was a certain one of the elders (that is, one of the Senators and Princes of Jerusalem,) who on account of his affection (his love for his fellow citizens and his country) was called the father of the Jews. 38. He maintained the purpose of continence in Judaism for many times, — "continence," namely from a wife, that is, chastity, or celibacy: thus some. Or rather continence, namely in the true faith and worship of God, as if to say: Razias always persevered in Judaism and the ancestral religion even in persecution, and did not mix himself with many who fell away from it to Gentilism under Epiphanes: for this is what the Greek ἀκρασίας signifies, that is, non-mixture; and this is what "he maintained the purpose of continence in Judaism" means, namely constant perseverance unto death in Judaism; whence, explaining this very thing immediately after, he adds: And was content to give up body and soul for perseverance in the ancestral religion of the Jews. Gorionides adds that Razias was by profession an Assidean.
14:40
40. For he thought, if he had deceived him. — Salianus thinks it should be read "had captured him"; for in Greek it is συλλαβών, that is, "if he had seized him." 42. Choosing nobly (in Greek εὐγενῶς, that is, generously) to die rather than to be subject to sinners and to be treated with unworthy insults contrary to his birth (Razias was therefore born of noble parents). — In Greek: And to be treated with unworthy insults contrary to his own nobility. This was the sense of Razias, as it was of other nobles of this age, who think it noble to die rather than to suffer unworthy mockery. But the sense of the faithful and of Christians, especially of the Apostles and martyrs, is different, concerning whom it is therefore said in Acts V: "The Apostles went away from the council rejoicing, because they were counted worthy to suffer reproach for the name of Jesus."
14:44
44. He came through the middle of his neck. — In Greek, through the middle of the belly, that is to say, he fell to the ground not with his head prone, but on his belly, so that he struck the middle of his neck to the ground. Razias therefore accomplished his death in three ways: first indeed he pierced himself with a sword; second, he threw himself down from the wall; third, with both hands he cast out his bowels into the crowd. You will ask whether Razias sinned by killing himself. I suppose from the common opinion of St. Augustine, Lactantius, St. Thomas and the other Doctors of the Church that it is not lawful for a man to kill himself in order to avoid infamy, violation of chastity, danger of sin, or for any other cause. The reason a priori is that God alone is the master of our life, who as he gave it, so also he demands it back and receives it when it pleases him. Wherefore he who kills himself does injury to God; because he robs God of what is his own, namely his own life. See St. Augustine, book I of the City of God from chapter XX to XXIV. This as to the thesis; now let us descend to the hypothesis and inquire whether Razias in this instance and at this time sinned by killing himself, or not. First, St. Augustine, book II Against the Letter of Gaudentius, chapter XXIII, is more inclined to judge that he sinned, especially on account of the Circumcellions, who imitating the example of Razias killed themselves, as if this were honorable; indeed a kind of martyrdom. Wherefore Razias is indeed to be praised here for his integrity, continence, authority and love of country, yet not for his self-slaughter: "Being unable to bear humility in the hands of enemies, he gave not an example of wisdom, but of folly, not to be imitated by the martyrs of Christ, but by the Circumcellions of Donatus." And further below: "Whence to him as a man there crept in impatience of humility, so that he preferred to die rather than to be subject to enemies. It was said that he chose to die nobly; he would have preferred to die humbly, for thus it would have been profitable. But by those words the history of the gentiles was accustomed to praise, but strong men of this age, not martyrs of Christ. It was said that he manfully threw himself down from the wall into the crowds, nor do we say he did this in a womanly manner, although you who have profited much by this example have even taught your women to do this. But we confess that even they do not do this in a womanly manner, but in a manly manner; yet not in a salutary manner, because not in a faithful manner." Second, Francis of Victoria, in his Lecture on Homicide, and St. Thomas respond that Razias did not sin, because he brought voluntary death upon himself at the instigation of the Holy Spirit. But no spark of this instigation appears here, especially because the Holy Spirit is not accustomed to inspire that anyone kill himself in order to avoid the infamy of mockery, as Razias did here; for this in itself is dishonorable and unlawful. Third, therefore I say that Razias is here excused from sin through invincible ignorance, by which he was ignorant that his killing in such a case was unlawful, indeed he himself considered it lawful, honorable, noble and generous, as is said in verse 42. For just as formerly many of the ancients, both philosophers and Doctors of the Church, thought that lying was sometimes lawful, so they likewise judged the same concerning one's killing of oneself. For this was the opinion of the Stoics which Seneca frequently inculcates, epistles 12, 17, 24, 58, 59, 71, 78. Cicero indicates the same, book I, epistles 12 and 22, and Pliny. The same was the opinion of some Hebrews according to Josephus, book XII, chapter V, and book XV, chapter VIII. The same was St. Jerome's opinion in chapter I of Jonah, toward the end, where he thus says: "Whence in persecutions it is not lawful to perish by one's own hand except where chastity is in danger;" where he plainly indicates that in danger of chastity it is lawful to kill oneself. Thus St. Ambrose, book III On Virgins, before the middle, and Eusebius, book VIII of History, chapters XII and XVII, and Palladius in the Lausiac History, chapter CI, praise women who killed themselves lest they be violated. For they attribute this to divine inspiration, but they praise the deed as honorable on account of such an end. In a similar manner D. Soto excuses St. Apollonia, book V On Justice, Question I, article 5, at the end: For to kill oneself on account of the safety of the fatherland, or the preservation of chastity is not so evidently evil that it cannot be culpably ignored and thought to be lawful, as the most learned men already cited thought, whom the wisest Cato of the Romans followed when he killed himself, lest by surrendering to Caesar the victor he would be made a mockery. Thus therefore Razias also seems to be excused from sin through ignorance, especially because he himself was as it were the head of the senate and a prince of Israel; whence mockeries to be inflicted upon him by Antiochus would have been inflicted upon the senate and all Israel; he therefore preferred to die rather than to expose himself and all Israel to the injuries and mockery of the king of idolatry. Add that the king could have feigned that Razias had apostatized from Judaism and had apostatized to his idolatry: which thing would have moved many of the Jews to follow his example and apostatize. Moreover, Razias could have feared lest, overcome by the severity of torments, he would yield to Antiochus and truly apostatize from the faith, which would have been a great scandal to all Israel. Wherefore it seemed he would act prudently if he cut off all these dangers and losses by voluntary death. Thus in the Indian Histories according to Jerome Osorio, book VIII On the Deeds of Emanuel, after the beginning, we read that John Machiad, a faithful Portuguese, killed his two little sons out of piety, that he might snatch them from the danger of Mohammedanism, and thence from eternal damnation. For they were already about to be captured by the Mohammedans and educated by them in their perfidy. Thus Razias is excused through ignorance by Lessius, book II On Justice, chapter IX, doubt 6, number 23; and this is confirmed from the fact that Razias here is commended for eminent virtue and probity, who certainly would not have killed himself unless he had thought it to be lawful, indeed honorable and generous. Whence also expiring in verse 46, he elicited an act of faith and hope in God, "calling upon the Lord of life and spirit, that He would give these back to him," in blessed resurrection. Supposing this ignorance of Razias, his act of fortitude was heroic here, by which he killed himself for the honor of the fatherland and the preservation of ancestral religion, and therefore, verse 42, it is said of him: "Choosing nobly to die." For it is far more difficult to kill oneself than to endure death inflicted by another; wherefore, supposing the ignorance that in that case it is lawful to kill oneself, Razias elicited the highest act of fortitude not once, but by striking and killing himself a third time. For nature supremely loves itself and its own life; wherefore it is of most generous fortitude to transcend this affection of nature and willingly to lay down one's life for God. Hence let the faithful learn how strongly they ought to endure torments and death inflicted for faith and piety. For if Razias, a Jew, having an obscure faith and hope of resurrection, killed himself for it, why should not a Christian, after the examples of Christ and others rising again, willingly embrace death inflicted for Him, since he is certain that through it he will be conveyed to a blessed and eternal life? For that saying of Christ is fixed, and likewise a promise: "Whosoever shall lose his life for my sake, shall find it," Matt. X, 39. Again, why should he not mortify his concupiscence and flesh, which through mortification he believes will be vivified and freed in the heavens? For mortification is as it were a living death, by which a man cuts off and severs from himself the carnal appetites living in him through the serious purpose of a contrary will. Whence he feels this cutting to the quick, and grieves as if a tooth were being torn from him. Hear St. Ambrose, book III On Virgins, celebrating with wonderful praises St. Pelagia, a virgin of fifteen years, who cast herself with her mother and sisters into a river and drowned herself lest she be violated: "With joined hands, as if leading choirs, they proceed into the midst of the channel, where the wave is more torrential, where the depth is more abrupt than that, directing their steps there. Not one drew back her foot, not one suspended her step, not one attempted to find where to set her foot; anxious when they would meet the earth, troubled by the ford, joyful in the depth. You would see the pious mother clasping her hands in a knot, rejoicing over her pledge, fearing for her fall; lest the daughters be taken from her either by the waves. These victims, she says, I offer to you, Christ, leaders of virginity, guides of chastity, companions of passion." Moreover, the Church honors these women, who killed themselves to preserve chastity, as martyrs, because they were as it were compelled to this. Whence since they did not sin in that deed according to moral estimation, they are reckoned by the very persecutors to have been killed, and thus are martyrs. If anyone wishes to say the same of Razias, I shall not object.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
14:1
… attempting to supplant him in Antioch; he concluded peace with the Jews, defeated and killed Philip (1 Macc. 6:55-63; 2 Macc. 13:23), but was in turn killed together with Antiochus V, by order of Demetrius I, son of Seleucus IV Philopator, in 162 B.C. (cf. 2 Macc. 14:1 ff.).
14:6
… straits, who confessed to Demetrius that the A. [Asideans] formed the main strength of Judas Maccabeus's army, rekindled the war, provoked and threatened hostilities menacing the stability of the kingdom, and prevented him from exercising the pontificate (II Macc. 14, 6 f.). From this moment all trace of them is lost.
… They constituted the principal force on which the Maccabees could count for the liberation of the people from foreign domination (cf. 1 Macc. 2:42; 7:12; 2 Macc. 14:6). But very soon the Hasmoneans, descendants of the Maccabees, found themselves in opposition to the Pharisees, the continuators of the Hasideans. …
14:16
ADARSA. - Thus the Vulgate, 1 Macc. 7:40, which has Adazer in 1 Macc. 7:45 (Adas in the Greek text and in Flavius Josephus; Dessau [Gk. Δασακού] in 2 Macc. 14:16), calls the village north of Jerusalem, where Judas Maccabeus with 3000 men routed Nicanor (on the 13th of Adar, 161 B.C.); once he was killed, the Jews pursued the Syrians, annihilating …
14:33
… The final encounter on the 13th of Adar (March 161 B.C.), near Adasa, marked the tragic end of N., acknowledged as just divine punishment for his sacrilegious insolences hurled against the Temple and against God (II Macc. 14:33; 15:3).
14:38
… In the last period of the Old Testament a new terminology is found, using πνεῦμα (rūah) to designate the life-giving spirit of God, while ψυχή (néphēš) is the superior principle internal to man; thus II Mach. 6, 30; 7, 37; 14, 38; Wisd. 4, 14; 7, 27; 8, 19 f.; 9, 15; 10, 16.
14:46
Maccabees (Greek Μακκαβαῖοι, Vulgate Machabaei)
… With words of deep emotion are taught the resurrection of bodies (II Macc. 7:11; 12:43-44; 14:46), the efficacy of prayer and sacrifice for the dead and of the prayer of the saints for those who are still on earth (ibid. 13:43-44; 15:12-16), the existence of the angels and their …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.