Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon beseiging Ierusalem two yeares, the souldiars pressed with famine flee away. King Sedecias also fleeth, 5. is taken and brought before Nabuchodonosor. 7. Al his sonnes are slaine in his sight: his eyes are put out, and he is caried into Babylon: the Temple, the kinges palace, and other houses burned; the walles destroyed, the people caried captiue 12. except poore husbandmen. 13. Al vessel of brasse, siluer, and gold broken and transported. 18. Saraias high priest, and other principal men are slaine 22. Godolias made gouernernour, 25. is slaine by Ismael. 27. Ioachin is deliuered from prison, and exalted by a new king of Babylon.
1And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, the tenth day of the month, that Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem: and they surrounded it: and raised works round about it.E l'anno nono del suo regno, il decimo mese, ai dieci del mese, venne Nabuchodonosor re di Babilonia con tutto il suo esercito sotto Gerusalemme, e la cinsero da tutte le parti, e alzarono terra all'intorno.AND it came to passe in the ninthe yeare of his reigne, the tenth moneth, the tenth day of the moneth, came Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon, himselfe and al his armie vnto Ierusalem, and they besette it: and built rampires rond about it.Factum est autem anno nono regni ejus, mense decimo, decima die mensis, venit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, ipse et omnis exercitus ejus, in Jerusalem, et circumdederunt eam: et exstruxerunt in circuitu ejus munitiones. 2And the city was shut up and besieged till the eleventh year of king Sedecias,E la città rimase chiusa, e circonvallata sino all'anno undecimo del re Sedecia,And the citie was shut vp & trenched about vntil the eleuenth yeare of king Sedecias,Et clausa est civitas atque vallata usque ad undecimum annum regis Sedeciæ, 3The ninth day of the month: and a famine prevailed in the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land.E sino ai nove del mese: e la fame andava crescendo nella città, e la plebe mancava di pane.the ninth day of the moneth: and there was a sore famine in the citie, neither was there bread for the people of the land.nona die mensis: prævaluitque fames in civitate, nec erat panis populo terræ. 4And a breach was made into the city: and all the men of war fled in the night between the two walls by the king’s garden (now the Chaldees besieged the city round about), and Sedecias fled by the way that leadeth to the plains of the wilderness.E fu fatta breccia alla città, e tutta la gente da guerra fuggirono di notte tempo per la strada della porta, che è tralle due muraglie presso al giardino reale, mentre i Caldei stringevano da tutte parti la città. Fuggi adunque Sedecia per la strada, che mena alle pianure del deserto.And a breach was made into the citie: and al the men of warre fled in the night by the way of the gate, which is betwen the duble wal toward the kinges garden (moreouer the Chaldees besieged the citie round about) Sedecias therfore fled by the way, that leadeth to the champayne of the wildernes.Et interrupta est civitas: et omnes viri bellatores nocte fugerunt per viam portæ quæ est inter duplicem murum ad hortum regis. Porro Chaldæi obsidebant in circuitu civitatem. Fugit itaque Sedecias per viam quæ ducit ad campestria solitudinis.
5And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all the warriors that were with him were scattered, and left him:Ma l'esercito de' Caldei inseguì il re, e lo fecer prigioniero nel piano di Gericho; e tutti i soldati, che eran con lui, si dispersero; e lo abbandonarono.And the armie of the Chaldees pursewed the king, and ouertooke him in the plaine of Iericho: and al the warriers, that were with him, were dispersed, and forsooke him.Et persecutus est exercitus Chaldæorum regem, comprehenditque eum in planitie Jericho: et omnes bellatores qui erant cum eo, dispersi sunt, et reliquerunt eum. 6So they took the king, and brought him to the king of Babylon, to Reblatha, and he gave judgment upon him.E quelli, preso il re, lo condussero dinanzi al re di Babilonia a Reblatha, dove questi pronunziò sentenza contro di lui.They therfore hauing taken the king, brought him to the king of Babylon into Reblatha, who spake iudgement with him.Apprehensum ergo regem duxerunt ad regem Babylonis in Reblatha: qui locutus est cum eo judicium. 7And he slew the sons of Sedecias before his face, and he put out his eyes, and bound him with chains, and brought him to Babylon.E uccise alla presenza di Sedecia i suoi figliuoli, e a lui fece cavare gli occhi, e lo mise alla catena, e menollo in Babilonia.And he slewe the sonnes of Sedecias before his face, and he put out his eies, and bound him with cheynes, and brought him into Babylon.Filios autem Sedeciæ occidit coram eo, et oculos ejus effodit, vinxitque eum catenis, et adduxit in Babylonem. 8In the fifth month, the seventh day of the month, the same is the nineteenth year of the king of Babylon, came Nabuzardan, commander of the army, a servant of the king of Babylon, into Jerusalem.Il mese quinto, ai sette del mese, l'anno diciannovesimo del re di Babilonia, Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito, e servo del re di Babilonia entrò in Gerusalemme.The fifth moneth, the seuenth day of the moneth, that is, the ninetenth yeare of the king of Babylon, came Nabuzardan the General of the armie, the seruant of the king of Babylon into Ierusalem.Mense quinto, septima die mensis, ipse est annus nonusdecimus regis Babylonis, venit Nabuzardan princeps exercitus, servus regis Babylonis, in Jerusalem. 9And he burnt the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and the houses of Jerusalem, and every house he burnt with fire.E mise il fuoco alla casa del Signore, e alla casa reale, e alle case di Gerusalemme; e tutte le fabbriche consumò colle fiamme.And he burnt the house, of our Lord, the kings house, and the houses of Ierusalem, & euerie house he burnt with fyre.Et succendit domum Domini, et domum regis: et domos Jerusalem, omnemque domum combussit igni.
10And all the army of the Chaldees, which was with the commander of the troops, broke down the walls of Jerusalem round about.E tutto l'esercito de' Caldei, che era col capitano, atterrò da tutte parti le mura di Gerusalemme.And al the armie of the Chaldees, which was with the General of the souldiars, destroyed the walles of Ierusalem round about.Et muros Jerusalem in circuitu destruxit omnis exercitus Chaldæorum, qui erat cum principe militum. 11And Nabuzardan, the commander of the army, carried away the rest of the people, that remained in the city, and the fugitives, that had gone over to the king of Babylon, and the remnant of the common people.E gli avanzi del popolo, che eran rimasi nella città, e quelli, che si erano rifugiati presso al re di Babilonia, e tutta la ciurmaglia, li menò via Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito.And Nabuzardan the General of the armie, transported the remnant of the people that remained in the citie, and the fugitiues, that were fled to the king of Babylon, and the rest of the comon people.Reliquam autem populi partem quæ remanserat in civitate, et perfugas qui transfugerant ad regem Babylonis, et reliquum vulgus transtulit Nabuzardan princeps militiæ. 12But of the poor of the land he left some dressers of vines and husbandmen.E lasciovvi solamente de' miserabili per coltivar le vigne, e i campi.And of the poore of the land he leift dressers of vineyardes and husbandmen.Et de pauperibus terræ reliquit vinitores et agricolas. 13And the pillars of brass that were in the temple of the Lord, and the bases, and the sea of brass, which was in the house of the Lord, the Chaldees broke in pieces, and carried all the brass of them to Babylon.E le colonne di bronzo, che erano nel tempio del Signore, e le basi, e il mare di bronzo, che era nella casa del Signore, tutte queste cose i Caldei le misero in pezzi, e ne trasportarono tutto il bronzo in Babilonia.And the brasen pillers, that were in the temple of our Lord, and the feete, and the sea of brasse, which was in the house of our Lord, the Chaldees brake, and transported al the brasse into Babylon.Columnas autem æreas quæ erant in templo Domini, et bases, et mare æreum quod erat in domo Domini, confregerunt Chaldæi, et transtulerunt æs omne in Babylonem. 14They took away also the pots of brass, and the mazers, and the forks, and the cups, and the mortars, and all the vessels of brass, with which they ministered.E portaron via anche le caldaie di bronzo, e le coppe, e le forchette, e le giare, e i mortai, e tutti i vasi di bronzo, che servivano al ministero.The pottes also of brasse, and masars, and forkes with three teeth, and cuppes, and litle mortars, and al the vessel of brasse, in the which they ministred, they tooke away.Ollas quoque æreas, et trullas, et tridentes, et scyphos, et mortariola, et omnia vasa ærea, in quibus ministrabant, tulerunt.
15Moreover also the censers, and the bowls, such as were of gold in gold: and such as were of silver in silver, the general of the army took away.E similmente i turiboli, e le ampolle sia d'oro, sia d'argento, le portò via il capitano dell'esercito:Moreouer also the censars, and phials: those that were of gold: and that were of siluer the General of the warfare tooke,Necnon et thuribula, et phialas: quæ aurea, aurea, et quæ argentea, argentea tulit princeps militiæ, 16That is, two pillars, one sea, and the bases which Solomon had made in the temple of the Lord: the brass of all these vessels was without weight.Insieme colle due colonne, e col mare di bronzo, e le basi fatte da Salomone pel tempio del Signore: il peso del bronzo di tutti i vasi era immenso.that is, two pillers, one sea, and the feete which Salomon had made in the temple of our Lord: there was no weight of the brasse of al the vessels.id est, columnas duas, mare unum, et bases quas fecerat Salomon in templo Domini: non erat pondus æris omnium vasorum. 17One pillar was eighteen cubits high: and the chapiter of brass, which was upon it, was three cubits high: and the network, and the pomegranates that were upon the chapiter of the pillar, were all of brass: and the second pillar had the like adorning.Una delle colonne avea diciotto cubiti di altezza, e al di sopra un capitello di bronzo alto tre cubiti: e attorno al capitello della colonna la rete, e i meligranati, ogni cosa di bronzo. Simili erano gli ornati dell'altra colonna.One piller had eightene cubites in height: and the litle head of brasse vpon it was three cubites in height: and the nette, and the pomegranates vpon the litle head of the piller, al of brasse: the second also had the like adorning.Decem et octo cubitos altitudinis habebat columna una: et capitellum æreum super se altitudinis trium cubitorum: et retiaculum, et malogranata super capitellum columnæ, omnia ærea: similem et columna secunda habebat ornatum. 18And the general of the army took Seraias, the chief priest, and Sophonias, the second priest, and three doorkeepers:E il capitano dell'esercito menò via anche Saraia primo Sacerdote, e Sophonia secondo sacerdote, e i tre portinai.Also the general of the armie tooke Saraias the chiefe priest, and Sophonias the second priest, and three porters.Tulit quoque princeps militiæ Saraiam sacerdotem primum, et Sophoniam sacerdotem secundum, et tres janitores.
19And out of the city one eunuch, who was captain over the men of war: and five men of them who had stood before the king, whom he found in the city, and Sopher, the captain of the army, who exercised the young soldiers of the people of the land: and threescore men of the common people, who were found in the city:E un eunuco della città, che aveva ispezione sopra le genti da guerra: e cinque di quei, che erano stati del servizio domestico del re, e furon trovati nella città: e Sopher principe dell'esercito, il quale facea nel paese la scelta dei nuovi soldati: e sessanta uomini primari del popolo, che furon trovati nella città.And of the citie one Eunuch, which was captayne ouer the men of warre: and fiue men of them, that wayted before the king, whom he found in the citie, and Sopher the captaine of the armie who proued the yong souldiars of the people of the land: and threescore men of the common people, which were found in the citie.Et de civitate eunuchum unum, qui erat præfectus super bellatores viros: et quinque viros de his qui steterant coram rege, quos reperit in civitate: et Sopher principem exercitus, qui probabat tyrones de populo terræ: et sexaginta viros e vulgo, qui inventi fuerant in civitate. 20These Nabuzardan, the general of the army, took away, and carried them to the king of Babylon, to Reblatha.Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito prese costoro, e li condusse dinanzi al re di Babilonia a Reblatha:Whom Nabuzardan the General of the armie taking, brought them to the king of Babylon into Reblatha.Quos tollens Nabuzardan princeps militum, duxit ad regem Babylonis in Reblatha. 21And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Reblatha, in the land of Emath: so Juda was carried away out of their land.E il re di Babilonia li fece uccidere in Reblatha, che è nel paese di Emath. E Giuda fu trasportato dal suo paese.And the king of Babylon stroke them, and slew them in Reblatha in the land of Emath: and Iuda was transported out of their land.Percussitque eos rex Babylonis, et interfecit eos in Reblatha in terra Emath: et translatus est Juda de terra sua. 22But over the people that remained in the land of Juda, which Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, had left, he gave the government to Godolias, the son of Ahicam, the son of Saphan.E al governo del popolo, che restava nel paese di Giuda, lasciatovi da Nabuchodonosor re di Babilonia, pose Godolia figliuolo di Ahicam figliuolo di Saphan.And he made Godolias the sonne of Ahicam the sonne of Saphan Gouernour ouer the people, that was leift in the land of Iuda, which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon had leift.Populo autem qui relictus erat in terra Juda, quem dimiserat Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, præfecit Godoliam filium Ahicam filii Saphan.
23And when all the captains of the soldiers had heard this, they and the men that were with them, to wit, that the king of Babylon had made Godolias governor they came to Godolias to Maspha, Ismael, the son of Nathanias, and Johanan, the son of Caree, and Saraia, the son of Thanehumeth, the Netophathite, and Jezonias, the son of Maachathi, they and their men.La qual cosa essendo giunta alle orecchie dei capi de' soldati, e di quelli, che eran con essi, viene a dire, come il re di Babilonia, avea dato il governo a Godolia, andarono a trovar Godolia a Maspha, Ismael figliuolo di Nathania, e Johanan figliuolo di Caree, e Saraia figliuolo di Thanehumeth Netophathite, e Jezonia figliuolo di Maachati co' loro compagni.Which when al the captaynes of the souldiars had heard, they and the men that were with them, to witte, that the king of Babylon had appoynted Godolias, there came to Godolias into Masp a 〈◊〉 the sonne of Mathanias, and Iohanan the sonne of C•ée and the Saraia the sonne of Thanehumeth a Netophathite, and Iezonias the sonne of Maachathi, they and their felowes.Quod cum audissent omnes duces militum, ipsi et viri qui erant cum eis, videlicet quod constituisset rex Babylonis Godoliam, venerunt ad Godoliam in Maspha, Ismahel filius Nathaniæ, et Johanan filius Caree, et Saraia filius Thanehumeth Netophathites, et Jezonias filius Maachathi, ipsi et socii eorum. 24And Godolias swore to them and to their men, saying: Be not afraid to serve the Chaldees: stay in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.E Godolia giurò ad essi, e a' loro compagni, e disse: Non temete di ubbidire ai re Caldei: restate nel paese, e servite al re di Babilonia, e sarete felici.And Godolias sware to them and to their companions, saying: Be not afrayd to serue the Caldees: tarie in the countrie, and serue the king of Babylon, and it shal be wel with youJuravitque Godolias ipsis et sociis eorum, dicens: Nolite timere servire Chaldæis: manete in terra, et servite regi Babylonis, et bene erit vobis. 25But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ismael, the son of Nathanias, the son of Elisama, of the seed royal came, and ten men with him, and smote Godolias; so that he died: and also the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him in Maspha.Ma il settimo mese andò Ismael figliuolo di Nathania, figliuolo d'Elisa ma di stirpe reale, accompagnato da dieci uomini: d'assalirono Godolia, il quale fu messo a morte, e con lui i Giudei, e i Caldei, che eran con esso a Maspha.But it came to passe in the seuenth moneth, there came Ismahel the sonne of Nathanias, the sonne of Elisama of the kinges seede, and ten men with him: and stroke Godolias, who also died: yea the Iewes also & the Chaldees, that were with him in Maspha.Factum est autem in mense septimo, venit Ismahel filius Nathaniæ filii Elisama de semine regio, et decem viri cum eo: percusseruntque Godoliam, qui et mortuus est: sed et Judæos et Chaldæos qui erant cum eo in Maspha. 26And all the people, both little and great, and the captains of the soldiers, rising up, went to Egypt, fearing the Chaldees.E tutto il popolo, piccoli, e grandi, e i capi de' soldati avendo paura de' Caldei, fuggirono nell'Egitto.And al the people rysing vp from litle to great, & the captaynes of the souldiars, came into Aegypt fearing the Caldees.Consurgensque omnis populus a parvo usque ad magnum, et principes militum, venerunt in Ægyptum timentes Chaldæos.
27And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Joachin, king of Juda, in the twelfth month, the seven and twentieth day of the month: Evilmerodach, king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, lifted up the head of Joachin, king of Juda, out of prison.Ma l'anno trentesimo settimo della trasmigrazione di Joachin re di Giuda, il duodecimo mese, ai ventisette del mese, Evilmerodach re di Babilonia, lo stesso anno, in cui cominciò a regnare, sollevò, e trasse Joachin re di Giuda dalla prigione.But it came to passe in the seuen and thirteth yeare of the Transmigration of Ioachin the king of Iuda, in the twelfth moneth, the seuen and twenteth day of the moneth: Euilmerodach the king of Babylon, in the yeare, that he began to reigne, lifted vp the head of Ioachin the king of Iuda out of prison.Factum est vero in anno trigesimo septimo transmigrationis Joachin regis Juda, mense duodecimo, vigesima septima die mensis: sublevavit Evilmerodach rex Babylonis, anno quo regnare cœperat, caput Joachin regis Juda de carcere. 28And he spoke kindly to him: and he set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon.E parlò a fui benignamente: e gli alzò un trono più elevato, che quelli degli altri re, che erano con lui in Babilonia.And he spake vnto him courteously: and he sette his throne aboue the throne of the kinges, that were with him in Babylon.Et locutus est ei benigne, et posuit thronum ejus super thronum regum qui erant cum eo in Babylone. 29And he changed his garments which he had in prison, and he ate bread always before him, all the days of his life.E gli fece cangiar le vesti, che avea portate nella prigione, ed ei mangiava sempre con lui per tutto il tempo, ch'ei visse:And he changed his garmentes, which he had in the prison, and he did eate bread alwayes in his sight, al the dayes of his life.Et mutavit vestes ejus quas habuerat in carcere, et comedebat panem semper in conspectu ejus cunctis diebus vitæ suæ. 30And he appointed him a continual allowance, which was also given him by the king, day by day, all the days of his life.E gli assegnò eziandio in perpetuo il suo mantenimento, che era a lui dato dal re giorno per giorno, fintanto che visse.A certayne prouision also he appointed for him without intermission, which was also geuen him of the king day by day, al the daies of his life.Annonam quoque constituit ei sine intermissione, quæ et dabatur ei a rege per singulos dies omnibus diebus vitæ suæ.
25:1
Year of the World 3414, Year before Christ 590.; Jeremias xxxix.
Usher
Day, the 30th of January, the year of the world 3414. (Usher)
Usher
Some time after Nabuchodonosor left the siege, to attack the Egyptians; (Jeremias 37:3.) and the people of Jerusalem, (Haydock) supposing that he would return no more, took back their slaves, whom Jeremias had prevailed on them to liberate, according to the law, during the sabbatical year, Jeremias 34:8. (Usher)
The prophet reproached them for it; and announced the destruction of the city so plainly, that he was thrown into prison, Jeremias xxi., and xxxiv., and xxxviii.
Calmet
It. The Babylonians had already taken all the towns of Juda, except Azeca and Lachis, Jeremias 34:7. (Calmet)
25:3
Haydock
Of the. Protestants supply, "fourth month," as it is in the parallel passage, Jeremias 52:6., And in the fourth month, the ninth day of the month. In Jeremias 39:2., we read, in the fourth month, the fifth day of the month, the city was broken up, or a breach was made in the outer wall. In the course of a few days, the princes of Babylon seized the middle gate; and the famine became so intolerable, that, on the 9th, it was judged expedient to abandon the city. (Haydock)
Menochius
During this siege it is thought, (Calmet) that mothers eat their children, (Lamentations 4:10., and Baruch 2:3.) and children their parents, Ezechiel 5:10. (Menochius)
25:4
Menochius
Walls, by a subterraneous passage, to the plains of Jericho; (Rabbins) or by the horse gate, which was the most private, and, it seems, had been walled up, Ezechiel 12:12. (Menochius)
25:6
Rablatha, the Antioch of Syria, (St. Jerome) which was styled also Epiphania, (Tirinus) or more probably Apamea, where Nabuchodonosor was, when Jerusalem was taken.
Menochius
Upon him, by the advice of his council, Jeremias 39:3, 13. Syriac, "they made him answer the charges brought against him," (Calmet) of ingratitude and rebellion, as he had been appointed by the king of Babylon, and had sworn to be faithful to him. (Menochius)
Calmet
This repeated infidelity made Nabuchodonosor resolve to remove the people from their own country. (Calmet)
Calmet
He sentenced the last of the kings of Juda to see his children slain, (Haydock) to have his eyes put out, and to remain in prison till his death, Jeremias 52:11., etc. (Calmet)
Watson
Hebrew, he "spake judgments with him." Thus was accomplished the prediction of Jeremias 34:3, "thine eyes shall behold the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he shall speak to thee." (Watson)
Haydock
The same prophet had said the same (Jeremias 32:4.) before he was thrown into prison. The sight of an angry judge is no small punishment. (Haydock)
25:7
Eyes; after they had been excruciated by the sight of his slaughtered children. He thus might be convinced, that there was no reason to despise the predictions of Jeremias and of Ezechiel 12:13., as contradictory, because the latter informed him that he should not see Babylon; though the other said that he should die there.
Josephus
Babylon, where he was honourably buried, by order of Nabuchodonosor. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 10:11.)
Tirinus
Seder (Olam XXVIII.) records that his attendants sung, at his funeral, "Alas! king Sedecias is dead, having drunk the dregs of all ages;" as he suffered also for the crimes of his predecessors. (Genebrard) (Tirinus)
Watson
This is not indeed specified in Scripture: (Haydock) but it is highly probable that Nabuchodonosor would thus "revere royalty, even in its ruins," if Daniel and the other Jews in power, had not been careful to shew this mark of respect to their deceased monarch, conformably to the prediction of Jeremias 34:3 who foretold that he should die, not by a violent death, the usual fate of captive kings, but in peace, or on his bed, though in a prison. (Watson, let. 6.)
25:8
Calmet
Seventh. Jeremias (lii. 12.) mentions the tenth; on which day Nabuzardan probably arrived, or begun to put his orders in execution. Yet the Jews keep the ninth as an annual fast, Zacharias 7:3., and 8:19. The temple was destroyed on Saturday, 27th August, the year of the world 3416, (Usher) after it had stood 424 years, 3 months, and 8 days. (Calmet)
Menochius
Army. Hebrew, "of those who slay;" which may be fitly understood "of soldiers," as well as "of cooks," (Septuagint) "butchers." (Pagnin, etc.) (Menochius)
25:9
Year of the World 3416, Year before Christ 558.
Haydock
Great. This word is supplied from Jeremias 52:13., and Hebrew, "great man's house." (Protestants) But Jeremias 39:8., we read, they burnt the houses of the people, (Haydock) even the meanest, destroyed the walls, and took the people to Babylon, only leaving some countrymen to cultivate the land. Jeremias was set at liberty by Nabuzardan, (ibid. xi.[Jeremias 39:9.?]) and chose to continue with this remnant of the people, for their comfort and direction. (Haydock)
Calmet
They applied to him to know whether they should retire into Egypt; and after ten days, he gave them God's injunction to the contrary: but they despised it, Jeremias 42:7., and 43:1. The prophet, and his secretary, Baruch, followed them into Egypt. Thus was the country abandoned, and the monarchy at an end, after it had subsisted 468 years from the commencement of David's reign. (Calmet)
Haydock
Yet some little power remained in the family of David, even at Babylon; (ver. 27.) and the Jewish affairs were re-established, after the captivity, though not in such splendour as formerly, nor always under princes of the same royal family. (Haydock)
25:14
Mazers. Hebrew yahim, "shovels." (Protestants) Septuagint retain the original word, which St. Jerome translates differently. See 3 Kings 7:50., (Menochius) and Exodus.
25:18
Tirinus
Saraias, father of Esdras, and of Josedeck, who succeeded in the Pontificate, 1 Esdras 7:1., and 1 Paralipomenon 6:14. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Sophonias. He was perhaps chief of the fourth band of door-keepers, mentioned [in] 1 Paralipomenon 9:17, 24., and vice-gerent of the High-priest, to supply his place, in case of any accident. We find no mention of such a priest in the law, but Eleazar possessed a similar power, Numbers 3:32. (Calmet)
Menochius
Keepers. These seem to have concealed themselves in the temple. (Menochius)
Tirinus
They were punished, as the counsellors of Sedecias, by being beheaded or crucified, Lamentations 5:12. (Tirinus)
25:19
Haydock
Eunuch. Protestants, "officer." (Haydock)
Du Hamel
Five. Arabic and Jeremias 52:25., read seven, as two were probably discovered afterwards, (Calmet) or had fled. (Du Hamel)
These were chief officers.
Calmet
Sopher. Septuagint, "and the secretary of the general." Syriac, "the secretary and chiefs of the armies." (Calmet)
Haydock
Protestants, "the principal scribe." (Haydock)
Calmet
It is not clear whether the general have this title of sopher, "scribe," himself; or it rather designates his secretary, or scribe, Judges 8:14. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
Many date the 70 years captivity from the last year of Joachin. (Du Hamel)
25:22
Year of the World 3416.
Grotius
Godolias. The Rabbins say that he had gone over to the Chaldeans: Jeremias (xxxviii. 2, 17.) had advised all to do so, and Godolias was of an easy complying disposition. (Grotius)
Salien
But God did not suffer him to collect the remnants of his unhappy people, (Calmet) at least for any long time, as he was slain by Ismael, (Jeremias 40:12., and 41:1.; Haydock) who probably envied his dignity. (Josephus) (Salien)
25:25
Year of the World 3417, Year before Christ 587.
25:26
Calmet
Chaldees. They went under the conduct of Johanan, in opposition to the declaration of Jeremias, 43:7., and 44:1. (Calmet)
25:27
Year of the World 3442, Year before Christ 562.
Calmet
Twentieth. Jeremias (lii. 31.) says the 25th, when Nabuchodonosor was buried, and (Du Hamel) the decree was made, though it was not put in execution till two days later. (Calmet)
Evilmerodach, whose proper name was Baltassar, (Daniel 5:1.; Tirinus) or the latter was his son. The Jews say that he had been confined in prison, with Joachin, because he had not administered the kingdom well, during the seven years' illness of his father Nabuchodonosor. Berosus (apud Josephus, contra Apion 1., and Eusebius, praep. 9:40., who cites also Megasthenes) informs us that he reigned with insolence during two years, when he was treacherously murdered by his father-in-law, Neriglissor.
25:28
Kings, who had been made captives. Adonibezec had 70, Judges 1:7. Alexander kept Porus and Taxilus at his court, as Cyrus had done [to] Croesus, whom he treated with great distinction. The prosperity of Joachin does not seem to have been of long continuance, as his benefactor did not reign above two (ver. 27.) or three years, Daniel. 8:1.
25:30
Calmet
His life, may be referred to Evilmerodach, unless Joachin was involved in his disgrace, and perished at the same time. Perhaps the king of Juda did not always eat at the table of Evilmerodach, but received his meat from it, as was customary. (Syriac, etc.) (Calmet)
Grotius
He received all that was necessary to support his household, daily. (Grotius)
Haydock
In Jeremias 52:34., until the day of his death, seems to be an useless "tautology," which is omitted here, and in "our oldest manuscript," says Kennicott; who observes that whoever will compare these passages, "will find many variations, and some corruptions." But most of them may be easily explained, ver. 3, 8, 27, etc. (Haydock)
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THE FIRST BOOK OF PARALIPOMENON
These Books are called by the Greek interpreters, Paralipomenon, that is, of things left out, or omitted; because they are a kind of a supplement of such things as were passed over in the books of the Kings. The Hebrews call them Dibre Haijamim, that is, The words of the days, or The Chronicles.—Not that they are the books which are so often quoted in the Kings, under the title of the words of the days of the kings of Israel, and of the kings of Juda: for the books of Paralipomenon were written after the books of Kings: but because in all probability they have been abridged from those ancient words of the days, by Esdras or some other sacred writer.
25:7
Certaine falsprophetes perswaded the king and the people not to beleue the prophetes, which forwarned them of these calamites, because (sayd they) they contradicte one an other, Ieremie saying ( •h. 32. & 34.) the eyes of Sedecias should see the eyes of Nabuchodonosor, and should be led into Babylon: and Ezechiel saying (c. 12. v. 13.) that he should not see Babylon.
Both saying most truly: for he was caried thither after his eyes were put out. Iosephus. li. 10. Antiq. c. 10.
25:16
There was so exceding much, that they wel could not, or did not weigh it.
25:27
By Gods special prouidence king Ioachin (other wise called Iechonias. 2. Par. 3. & Mat. 1.) is exalted, and set ouer al the Iewes; vnto whom others succede in like authoritie. and so is fulfilled the prophecie of Iacob. Gen. 49. The scepter shal not be taken from Iuda, nor a duke of his thiegh til he come that is to be sent.
25:1
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.9
… on the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon came, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it, and built a wall against it round about, and the city was besieged until the eleventh year of king Zedekiah, and the ninth day of the month, and there was no bread for the people to eat, and the city was broken up.”
25:4
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.11
… and that neither the Holy of Holies, nor the sacred vessels, nor any thing else could ward off that punishment and vengeance, for that the oath had been transgressed! The city, indeed, was thus miserably destroyed. But the king endured what was still more wretched and deplorable.
25:7
san Cirillo di Gerusalemme † 386 d.C. The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril 2.17
… Hast thou not heard that he brought out the bones of the kings from their graves into the light ? Hast thou not heard that he carried the people away captive? Hast thou not heard that he put out the eyes of the king, after he had already seen his children slain
25:9
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.10
… And entering in with the utmost ease, they “burnt the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and the houses of Jerusalem, and every great house, the captain of the guard burnt, and overthrew the wall of Jerusalem;”
25:11
san Gregorio Nazianzeno † 389 d.C. Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen 33
… or mingled the Sacramental Blood with blood of massacre? What spiritual sighs have I put an end to by cries of death, or tears of penitence by tears of tragedy? What House of prayer have I made a burialplace? What liturgical vessels which the multitude may not touch have I given over to the hands of the wicked, of a Nebuzaradan,
25:13
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.10
… and out of the city one eunuch that was set over the men of war; and five men that were in the king’s presence; and Shaphan the chief captain, and the principal scribe, and threescore men. And he took these, and brought them to the king of Babylon, and the king smote them, and slew them.”
25:27
sant'Ippolito † 235 d.C. On Daniel 1
… Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and carries him off prisoner to Babylon, taking with him also some of the vessels of the house in Jerusalem. Thrown into prison as a friend of Pharaoh, and as one set up by him over the kingdom,
25:4
4. Interrupta est civitas, — crebris scilicet ictibus arietum hostilium, unde ex ea fugerunt cives per occultam viam et exitum. Ita Abulensis et Vatablus, licet Cajetanus velit murum ruptum fuisse ab ipsis civibus, ut per rupturam effugerent.
25:6
6. Locutus est cum eo judicium, — id est judicio cum eo disceptavit, justeque eum condemnavit dicendo: Tu fidem mihi datam fregisti et rebellasti, juste ergo mereris a me excaecari. Alia addit R. Salomon, sed more suo fabulatur.
25:8
8. Septima die mensis. — Jeremias cap. ult. habet «decima die:» utrumque sic concilia, quod die septima venerit Jerusalem, sed decima combusserit templum. Ita Cajetanus. Aut potius die septima discessit ex Reblatha, ubi erat Nabuchodonosor, et die decima (tridui enim est iter), pervenit in Jerusalem.
25:11
11. Reliquum vulgus transtulit Nabuzardan princeps militiae. — Septuaginta vertunt archimagirus, id est princeps coquorum, Hebraeus, princeps mactantium; Chaldaeus, magister homicidarum; unde per eum S. Gregorius mystice accipit gulam, quae templum animae nostrae evertit. Audi eum III part. Pastor. Admonit. xx: «Princeps cocorum destruxit muros Jerusalem. Princeps usque cocorum venter est, cui magna cura obsequium a cocis impenditur, ut ipse delectabiliter cibis impleatur. Muri autem Jerusalem virtutes sunt animae, ad desiderium supernae pacis elevatae. Cocorum igitur princeps muros Jerusalem dejicit; quia dum venter ingluvie extenditur, virtutes animae per luxuriam destruuntur.» Quocirca Abbas Pomen in Vitis Patr.: «Nisi, ait, Nabuzardan princeps coquorum venisset, templum Dei non arsisset; hoc est, nisi desiderium gastrimargiae irrepsisset, anima libidine non conflagrasset.» Angelomus vero per «Nabuzardan» intelligit diabolum, qui omnia fidelium bona diripere satagit.
25:14
14. Trullas, — non commentarias, sed «trullas,» id est opercula ollarum, dicta trulla, ait Abulensis a trudendo, quia trudit, id est claudit ollam, ut trullis sit quasi trusilis: «trullas» enim Noster jungit ollis. Nam in Hebraeo, Chaldaeo et Septuaginta nulla vox trullis respondet. Verum prisci auctores per trullam accipiunt vas fundens aquam. Ita Nonius Marcellus: «Trullaeum, inquit, quo manus perfunduntur.» Titinius Setina: «Sapientia, inquit, gubernator torquet navem, haud valentia: cocus, magnum ahenum quando fervet, paulula confutat trua.» Varro, libro IV: «Trulla, ait, a similitudine truae, quod magna, et haec pusilla ut trulla. Hinc Graece trouchion, nos trullam. Trulla, quae a culina in lavatrinam aquam fundunt. Trua, quod travolat ea aqua, ab eodem est appellatum.» Varro ergo trullam dictam putat a travolando, Nonius Marcellus vero a terendo quasi terulam, Isidorus autem a trudendo. Audi eum, libro XIX Orig. cap. xxxi: «Trullae nomen factum, eo quod trudit et detrudit, id est includit calce vel luto lapides.» Allegoria et tropologia hic est facilis et apposita. Jerusalem enim est Ecclesia, aeque ac anima fidelis per fidem contemplans Deum; idola sunt res creatae et vanae, quas contra Dei legem ambit, v. g. idolum avari est aurum, luxuriosi libido, superbi honor. Nabuchodonosor est diabolus, qui capta Jerusalem, id est anima, ejus regem Sedeciam, id est mentem (Sedecias enim Hebraice idem est quod justitia Dei, quam mens cogitare, timere et imitari debet), excaecat: inde eam gratiis bonisque omnibus dispoliat, templumque, id est, omnem Dei timorem cultumque exurit, ac deinde captivam libertate sua privat, vinctamque deducit in Babylonem, id est in extremam rerum omnium confusionem, qualis est in anima cupiditatibus suis subdita, praesertim dum in gehennam conjicitur. Verum antequam id fiat, multos ex hac captivitate liberat Cyrus, id est Christus. Ita Angelomus et Eucherius.
25:19
19. Et de civitate eunuchum unum, qui erat praefectus super bellatores viros; et quinque viros de his, qui steterant coram rege, quos reperit in civitate; et Sopher principem exercitus, qui probabat tyrones de populo terrae; et sexaginta viros e vulgo, qui inventi fuerant in civitate. 20. Quos tollens Nabuzardan princeps militum, duxit ad regem Babylonis in Reblatha. 21. Percussitque eos rex Babylonis, et interfecit eos in Reblatha in terra Emath, et translatus est Juda de terra sua. 22. Populo autem qui relictus erat in terra Juda, quem dimiserat Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, praefecit Godoliam filium Ahicam filii Saphan. 23. Quod cum audissent omnes duces militum, ipsi et viri qui erant cum eis, videlicet quod constituisset rex Babylonis Godoliam, venerunt ad Godoliam in Maspha, Ismahel filius Nathaniae, et Johanan filius Caree, et Saraia filius Thanchumeth Netophathites, et Jezonias filius Maachati, ipsi et socii eorum. 24. Juravitque Godolias ipsis et sociis eorum, dicens: Nolite timere servire Chaldaeis: manete in terra, et servite regi Babylonis, et bene erit vobis. 25. Factum est autem in mense septimo, venit Ismahel filius Nathaniae, filii Elisama de semine regio, et decem viri cum eo; percusseruntque Godoliam, qui et mortuus est; sed et Judaeos et Chaldaeos, qui erant cum eo in Maspha. 26. Consurgensque omnis populus a parvo usque ad magnum, et principes militum, venerunt in Aegyptum, timentes Chaldaeos. 27. Factum est vero in anno trigesimo septimo transmigrationis Joachin regis Juda, mense duodecimo, vigesima septima die mensis; sublevavit Evilmerodach rex Babylonis, anno quo regnare coeperat, caput Joachin regis Juda de carcere. 28. Et locutus est ei benigne; et posuit thronum ejus super thronum regum, qui erant cum eo in Babylone. 29. Et mutavit vestes ejus, quas habuerat in carcere, et comedebat panem semper in conspectu ejus cunctis diebus vitae suae. 30. Annonam quoque constituit ei sine intermissione, quae et dabatur ei a rege per singulos dies, omnibus diebus vitae suae. Hoc caput idem prorsus est cum cap. ultimo Jeremiae, ubi illud explicui: Jeremias enim toti huic cladi interfuit, et eam impedire conatus fuit, ut patet ex ejus prophetiis, sed frustra. Vide Abulensem hic, Quaest. ult., seriem singularem Jeremiae prophetiarum cum serie gestorum Regum horum combinantem. Vide et chronotaxim quam Jeremiae praefixi.
25:27
27. Factum est vero in anno trigesimo septimo transmigrationis Joachin. — Fuit ergo Joachin in carcere Babylonio quamdiu superstes fuit Nabuchodonosor per 37 annos: eo vero mortuo, Evilmerodach patri succedens Joachin liberavit et exaltavit. Causam dedi Jeremiae LII, sub finem capitis.
Synchronismus Regum Juda, Prophetarum, ac Regum et Heroum Gentilium Salomoni synchronos, sive coaevus fuit Nathan propheta, Hiram rex Tyri, Hesiodus, et Homerus Graecorum Salomon. Roboamo coaevus fuit Ahias propheta, ac Jeroboam primus rex Israel, et Laosthenes rex Assyriorum. Asae coaevus fuit Jehu propheta, ac Baasa rex Israel, et Ophrataeus rex Assyriorum. Tempore Josaphat floruit Elias propheta, qui curru igneo raptus est in coelum. Sub Joram prophetavit Eliseus per sexaginta sex annos, mortuusque est sub Amasia rege. Sub Joas vixit Joiada Pontifex, ejusque filius Zacharias martyr. In Israel successive regnarunt Jehu, qui domum Achab succidit, Joachaz et Joas. Amasiae regis frater fuit Amos, pater Isaiae prophetae. Isaias ergo avum habuit Joas regem, patruum vero Amasiam: hoc tempore Lycurgus leges dedit Spartanis. Tempore Azariae sive Oziae coepit prophetare Isaias, ac prophetavit per sexaginta annos sub Ozia, Joatham, Achaz, Ezechia et Manasse regibus; prophetarunt tunc quoque Osee, Joel, Amos, Jonas et Abdias. Sub annum 40 Azariae coeperunt computari Olympiades, sive anni Iphyti regis, qui eas instituit. Olympiades antecedunt Romae conditionem annis 23. Quare sub annum decimum Joatham Roma condita est a Romulo, qui primus in ea regnavit annis 36. Huic successit Numa Pompilius per annos 44; huic Tullus Hostilius per annos 32; huic Ancus Martius per annos 24; huic Tarquinius Priscus per annos 38; huic Servius Tullius per annos 44; huic Tarquinius Superbus per annos 25. Sub Joatham prophetarunt Nahum et Micheas. Sub idem tempus Sardanapalus, obsessus in Ninive ab Arbace Mediae praefecto, seipsum cum regia totaque gaza combussit. Quare Arbaces Mediae se regem fecit; Baladan vero, qui alio nomine dictus est Nabonassar, Babyloniam occupavit, a quo constituta est Aera Nabonassaraea, quae incipit ab anno 15 Joatham. Sub Achaz capta est Damascus ab Assyriis, ac Teglathphalasar eorum rex dimidiam partem decem tribuum Israel in Assyriam abduxit. Ezechiae coaevus fuit Merodach filius Baladan, sive Nabonassaris primi regis Babylonis, et Salmanasar rex Assyriorum, qui Israelem, id est decem tribuum reliquias, ac inter eas Tobiam in Assyriam abduxit. Item filius ejus Sennacherib, qui obsidens Jerosolymam ab Angelo fugatus est caesis 185 millibus. Tunc quoque floruit Sibylla Erythraea, teste S. Augustino, libro XVIII De Civitate Dei, cap. xxiii. Manasses Isaiam prophetam sibi consanguineum lignea serra dissecuit. Tunc floruit apud Lydos Gyges, qui Candaule occiso regnum obti- Sub Josia coepit prophetare Jeremias, ac tempore Joakim, Joachin et Sedeciae prophetavit per 45 annos, tandemque in Aegypto a Judaeis lapidibus obrutus, martyr occubuit. Sub eodem prophetavit Baruch, Sophonias et Holda prophetissa. Romae regnarunt Tullus Hostilius et Ancus Martius. Floruere Aristomenes, Phalaris tyrannus, Zeleucus legislator, Terpander musicus, Sappho et Stesichorus poetae. Anno quarto Joakim coepit regnare Nabuchodonosor, qui monarchiam ab Assyriis ad Chaldaeos transtulit, ac Jerusalem cum templo evertit et Judaeos in Babylonem abduxit, ac Aegyptum subjugavit, et Pharaonem Nechao, qui Pharaonum fuit ultimus, trucidavit, ut dixi Jerem. xliv, 30. Sub Joachin et Sedecia prophetavit in Babylone Ezechiel per annos 22, cui successit Daniel, qui usque ad centesimum annum vixit et prophetavit. Vide dicta in prooemio Jeremiae, Ezechielis et Danielis. Hoc tempore in Media regnabat Cyaxares, cui successit filius Astyages, et huic nepos ex filia Cyrus, qui Babylonem cum Dario Medo avunculo suo cepit, et monarchiam a Chaldaeis ad Persas transtulit, ac Judaeos ex Babylone liberos in Judaeam remisit. Tunc quoque floruere Draco Atheniensium legislator, aeque ac Solon, Epimenides philosophus, qui teste Laertio Athenis aram erexit Ignoto Deo, de qua Paulus, Actor. xvii. Ita Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Anacharsis philosophus, Arion musicus, Aesopus Fabularum dictator, Sibylla Cumaea, quae Tarquinio regi Romanorum novem libros oraculorum obtulit pretio 300 aureorum, cumque is illud abnueret, Sibylla magnam eorum partem combussit ac pro paucis reliquis tantumdem exegit et obtinuit, uti narrat Plinius, Solinus, Gellius, Servius et alii. Haec Eusebius, Torniellus, Gordonus, Salianus caeterique Chronologi. Audi S. Augustinum, libro XVIII De Civitate Dei, cap. xxv: «Regnante apud Hebraeos Sedecia, et apud Romanos Tarquinio Prisco, qui successerat Anco Martio, ductus est captivus in Babyloniam populus Judaeorum, eversa Jerusalem, et templo illo a Salomone constructo. Eo tempore Pittacus Mitylenaeus unus de septem sapientibus fuisse perhibetur: et quinque coeteros, qui ut septem numerantur, Thaleti quem supra commemoravimus, et huic Pittaco adduntur, eo tempore fuisse scribit Eusebius, quo captivus Dei populus in Babylonia tenebatur. Hi sunt autem Solon Atheniensis, Chilon Lacedaemonius, Periander Corinthius, Cleobulus Lyndus, Bias Prienaeus. Eo captivitatis Judaicae tempore et Anaximander, et Anaximenes, et Xenophanes physici claruerunt. Tum et Pythagoras, ex quo coeperunt appellari philosophi.»
25:1
SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… Ma Nabuchodonosor, partito in quello stesso anno con un grosso esercito, si accampò a Reblatha sull'Oronte; poi invase il territorio di Giuda e strinse d'assedio Gerusalemme (anno 9° di Sedecia, verso dic. del 588 a. C.; II Reg. 25, 1); la città si difese eroicamente per 18 mesi, in attesa che arrivasse l'aiuto egizio; Geremia, che per la salvezza di Gerusalemme e della nazione consigliava la resa ai Caldei, fu …
25:2
SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… Condotto a Reblatha avanti a Nabuchodonosor, l'infelice padre vide sgozzare alla sua presenza tutti i suoi figli (II Reg. 25, 2-4); dopo di che il re caldeo gli fece cavare gli occhi ed incatenato lo spedì a Babilonia (ibid. 25, 6-7), ove morì in prigione. …
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In II Reg. 21, 18.26, ove si passa dal « giardino di O. », situato forse nella valle del Cedron (cf. ibid. 25, 4; Neh. 3, 15), la lezione più probabile sarebbe « Ozia » o « Azaria » (cf. ibid. 15, 1.13), re di Giuda (769-738 a. C.).
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GERICO (EBR. JĒRIKŌ, AR. ERIKAH)
… due figli la maledizione predetta da Giosuè (I Reg. 16, 34). Nella città israelitica fiorì una scuola di profeti spesso visitata da Elia ed Eliseo (II Reg. 2, 1-22). Deportata la popolazione e saccheggiata la città al tempo dell'invasione assira (II Reg. 25, 5; Ier. 39, 5; 52, 8), tornò a prosperare dopo l'esilio e i suoi abitanti contribuirono alla ricostruzione di Gerusalemme (Eid. 2, 34; Neh. 7, 35).
25:6
SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… Condotto a Reblatha avanti a Nabuchodonosor, l'infelice padre vide sgozzare alla sua presenza tutti i suoi figli (II Reg. 25, 2-4); dopo di che il re caldeo gli fece cavare gli occhi ed incatenato lo spedì a Babilonia (ibid. 25, 6-7), ove morì in prigione. …
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RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… 22 (Edom è libero dal dominio d'Israele, fino al presente), nell'insistenza sulle promesse di una successione ininterrotta per la dinastia di David, troppo in contrasto con la caduta del regno di Giuda e la sorte toccata a Sedecia e alla sua famiglia (II Reg. 25, 7).
25:8
… Dopo l'esilio si praticava il digiuno del 5° mese (Zach. 7, 2, 5; 8, 19) per la distruzione del Tempio (II Reg. 25, 8; Ier. 52, 12), il giorno 9 di 'a.
SEDECIA (EBR. SIDHĀYIJĀHĀ « GIUSTIZIA DI JAHWEH »)
… Così ebbe tragicamente fine il Regno di Giuda: il Tempio fu incendiato, tutto il paese devastato (ibid. 25, 8-21).
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… I Caldei, espugnata Gerusalemme, fecero a pezzi il m. di b. e trasportarono il metallo in Babilonia (II Reg. 25, 13).
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IOSEDEC (EBR. JĒHŌŠĀDHĀQ E JŌŠĀDHĀQ « JAHWEH È GIUSTO »)
… Ma da II Reg. 25, 16 (cf. Ier. 52, 24) risulta che tale carica era rivestita ancora da suo padre Saraia, che fu precisamente deportato nel 587-586. Quindi con ogni probabilità I. fu deportato insieme …
25:18
2. Sommo sacerdote alla fine del regno di Giuda, condotto prigioniero in Babilonia (II Reg. 25, 18).
SOFONIA (EBR. ŞĒPHANJĀH « JAHWEH PROTEGGE »)
… levita antenato del musicista Hemath (I Par. 6, 21 [Volg. 36]); un sommo sacerdote, presso il quale Geremia fu denunciato come falso profeta (Jer. 21, 1; 29, 25, 29; 37, 3), che fu poi deportato e ucciso dopo la presa di Gerusalemme (ibid. 52, 24 sgg.; II Reg. 25, 18 sgg.); un cittadino di Gerusalemme (Zach. 6, 10, 14).
Si doveva condurre ad Aronne « una v. r., senza difetto, senza alcun vizio, che non avesse mai portato il giogo » (Num. 19, 2) e che alla presenza di Eleazaro, figlio di Aronne (nel qual fatto sarà da vedere un precedente antico dell'esistenza, attestata più tardi [II Reg. 23, 4; 25, 18], di un sostituto del sommo sacerdote), fuori dell'accampamento fosse scannata, con il suo sangue si facessero sette aspersioni in direzione del « padiglione di convegno », poi l'animale …
25:22
… accingeva alla difficile opera di ricostruzione sociale, I., istigato dalla fazione antibabilonese ed appoggiato dal re degli Ammoniti, lo uccise a tradimento nella sua residenza in Maspha, riuscendo poi a fuggire e mettersi in salvo presso gli Ammoniti (II Reg. 25, 22-26; Ier. 40-41). Gaetano Stano
25:23
IEZONIA (EBR. JA'ĀZĀUJAH E JĒZAUJĀH [Ä] « JAHWEH ODE »)
… Era figlio di un maachatita, forse così chiamato dal nome del suo villaggio oppure da quello di un antenato famoso (cf. I Par. 2, 48; 4, 19). I dovette recarsi in Egitto con il gruppo fuggiasco dopo l'assassinio di Godolia (II Reg. 25, 23-26; Ier. 40, 8); ma in Ier. 42, 1, ove I figura come il promotore capo di tale risoluzione, va letto piuttosto « Azaria ».
IOHANAN (EBR. JĒHĀHĀNĀN E JĀHĀNĀN «JAHWEH FA GRAZIA»)
… Temendo però i Caldei, con i superstiti si rifugiò in Egitto, trascinando seco Geremia che li consigliava a restare (II Reg. 25, 23 sg.; Ier. 40-43).
IONATHAN (EBR. JĒHŌNĀTHĀN E JŌNĀTHĀN; VOLGATA I. E IONATHAS)
… Gerusalemme (I Par. 27, 23). 8. Levita al tempo di Iosaphat (II Par. 17, 8). 9. Scriba sotto il re Sedecia; nella sua casa fu prigione Geremia (Ier. 37, 15-20; 38, 26). In Ier. 40, 8 c'è un I. capo militare, dovuto probabilmente ad errore di copista; manca in II Reg. 25, 23, nel Greco e nel Targum. 10. Giudeo della stirpe di Ierameel (I Par. 2, 32 sg.). 11. Capo famiglia tra i rimpatrianti da Babel (Estd. 8, 6). 12. Compagno di Esdra (Estd. 10, 15). 13. …
MASPHA (EBR. MĪSPĀH « VEDETTA »)
… morte (Iudc. 20, 1-2), e in seguito di altre (I Sam. 7, 5-14; 10, 47). Fu fortificata da Asa come difesa contro le tribù del nord (I Reg. 15, 22; II Par. 16, 6). Dopo la distruzione di Gerusalemme vi fissò la residenza Godolia a nome dei Babilonesi (II Reg. 25, 23-25) e vennero ad abitarvi parecchi giudei, fra cui Geremia (Ier. 40, 6-16; 41, 1-16), i quali trovarono la morte e i cui corpi furono gettati nella piscina costruita da Asa. Ripopolata …
NATANIA (EBR. NETHANJAH E NETHANJAHU = « DONO DI JAHWEH »)
… Nethanjah e Nethanjahu = « dono di Jahweh »). - Nome di cinque Israeliti. 1. Figlio di Elisama (Jer. 41, 1) e padre di Ismaele, l'uccisore di Godolia (II Reg. 25, 23.25; Jer. 40, 8. 14 sg.; 41, 1-18); era di famiglia regale, della tribù di Giuda. 2. Figlio di Salathiel, uno degli avi di Giuditta (Iud. 8, 1, Volgata); nei Settanta è detto Nathanael. …
5. Capo di bande militari, che si unì a Godolia in Maspha (Ier. 40, 8; II Reg. 25, 23).
25:25
… Perciò essi godettero delle sciagure di Israele (Soph. 2, 8) e della distruzione di Gerusalemme da parte di Nabuchodonosor (Ier. 9, 24 sg.; Ez. 21, 33-37; 25, 1-7), anzi vi cooperarono sotto Joachim (II Reg. 24, 2), e il loro re Baalis fece uccidere Godolia (v.; ibid. 25, 25 e Ier. 40, 14-41, 2); realizzarono il loro antico sogno occupando la zona di Gad (Ier. 49, 1). Al ritorno dei Giudei dall'esilio, si unirono ai Samaritani per ostacolare la restaurazione …
ELISAMA (EBR. 'ELĪLĀMĀ' « DIO ESAUDI »)
6. Nonno d'Israele, l'uccisore di Godalia (Ier. 41,1; II Reg. 25, 25), era di stirpe regia; alcuni lo identificano con E. n. 2.
GODOLIA (EBR. GÉDHALJÂH[Â] « GRANDEZZA DI JAHWEH »)
… nazionalisti fanatici, aiutati dal re degli Ammoniti, ordi una congiura contro G. Questi, sebbene avvisato in tempo, non volle prendere precauzioni rigorose e perciò rimase vittima dell'attentato eseguito da un certo Ismaele, figlio di Nathania (Ier. 41, 2; II Reg. 25, 25). Angelo Penna
25:27
… I suoi successori furono re piuttosto deboli; Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach di II Reg. 25, 27 sgg.; Ier. 52, 31), Neriglissar (Nergalšar-ušur) e Labāši-Marduk regnarono pochi anni, dal 561 al 556. Nel 555 a. C. il partito sacerdotale riuscì a porre sul trono Nabonide, celebre quale …
EVIL-MERODACH (BAB. AVRIL-MARDUK «SERVO DI MARDUK»; SETT. ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΩ͂ΔΕΝ)
… Egli fu commensale di E. fino alla sua morte (II Reg. 25, 27-30; Ier. 52, 31-34).
Il successore di Nabuchodonosor, Evilmerodach, appena salito al trono (561 a. C.), « lo trasse dal carcere, gli rivolse buone parole e ne pose il seggio più alto di quello degli altri re che erano con lui a Babilonia »; anzi lo accolse tra i suoi commensali (II Reg. 25, 27 sg.). …
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… Lo stesso re prigioniero Ioachin, a cui Evilmerodac «risolleva il capo» (II Reg. 25, 27), acquista quasi il valore di un simbolo e di un pegno per l'avvenire del popolo deportato. …
25:79
SCRIBA (EBR. SÔPHÊR, PLUR. SÔPHÊRÎM, GR. ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΌΣ)
SCRIBA (ebr. sôphêr, plur. sôphêrîm, gr. γραμματεός). - I. Nel senso di « scrivano, amanuense, segretario » vi furono « s. » in Israele fino dall'età di David e per tutta l'età regia (II Sam. 8, 17; ecc.); vi fu di questo nome anche un funzionario militare (II Reg. 25, 79; Ier. 52, 25). Ma « s. » per eccellenza nella Bibbia sono i membri di una delle classi dirigenti del giudaismo, che, accanto e in parziale sostituzione del sacerdozio e del profetismo, …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.