Jerusalem is besieged and taken by Nabuchodonosor: Sedecias is taken: the city and temple are destroyed. Godolias, who is left governor, is slain. Joachin is exalted by Evilmerodach.
Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon beseiging Ierusalem two yeares, the souldiars pressed with famine flee away. King Sedecias also fleeth, 5. is taken and brought before Nabuchodonosor. 7. Al his sonnes are slaine in his sight: his eyes are put out, and he is caried into Babylon: the Temple, the kinges palace, and other houses burned; the walles destroyed, the people caried captiue 12. except poore husbandmen. 13. Al vessel of brasse, siluer, and gold broken and transported. 18. Saraias high priest, and other principal men are slaine 22. Godolias made gouernernour, 25. is slaine by Ismael. 27. Ioachin is deliuered from prison, and exalted by a new king of Babylon.
1And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, the tenth day of the month, that Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem: and they surrounded it: and raised works round about it.E l'anno nono del suo regno, il decimo mese, ai dieci del mese, venne Nabuchodonosor re di Babilonia con tutto il suo esercito sotto Gerusalemme, e la cinsero da tutte le parti, e alzarono terra all'intorno.AND it came to passe in the ninthe yeare of his reigne, the tenth moneth, the tenth day of the moneth, came Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon, himselfe and al his armie vnto Ierusalem, and they besette it: and built rampires rond about it.Factum est autem anno nono regni ejus, mense decimo, decima die mensis, venit Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, ipse et omnis exercitus ejus, in Jerusalem, et circumdederunt eam: et exstruxerunt in circuitu ejus munitiones. 2And the city was shut up and besieged till the eleventh year of king Sedecias,E la città rimase chiusa, e circonvallata sino all'anno undecimo del re Sedecia,And the citie was shut vp & trenched about vntil the eleuenth yeare of king Sedecias,Et clausa est civitas atque vallata usque ad undecimum annum regis Sedeciæ, 3The ninth day of the month: and a famine prevailed in the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land.E sino ai nove del mese: e la fame andava crescendo nella città, e la plebe mancava di pane.the ninth day of the moneth: and there was a sore famine in the citie, neither was there bread for the people of the land.nona die mensis: prævaluitque fames in civitate, nec erat panis populo terræ. 4And a breach was made into the city: and all the men of war fled in the night between the two walls by the king’s garden (now the Chaldees besieged the city round about), and Sedecias fled by the way that leadeth to the plains of the wilderness.E fu fatta breccia alla città, e tutta la gente da guerra fuggirono di notte tempo per la strada della porta, che è tralle due muraglie presso al giardino reale, mentre i Caldei stringevano da tutte parti la città. Fuggi adunque Sedecia per la strada, che mena alle pianure del deserto.And a breach was made into the citie: and al the men of warre fled in the night by the way of the gate, which is betwen the duble wal toward the kinges garden (moreouer the Chaldees besieged the citie round about) Sedecias therfore fled by the way, that leadeth to the champayne of the wildernes.Et interrupta est civitas: et omnes viri bellatores nocte fugerunt per viam portæ quæ est inter duplicem murum ad hortum regis. Porro Chaldæi obsidebant in circuitu civitatem. Fugit itaque Sedecias per viam quæ ducit ad campestria solitudinis.
5And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all the warriors that were with him were scattered, and left him:Ma l'esercito de' Caldei inseguì il re, e lo fecer prigioniero nel piano di Gericho; e tutti i soldati, che eran con lui, si dispersero; e lo abbandonarono.And the armie of the Chaldees pursewed the king, and ouertooke him in the plaine of Iericho: and al the warriers, that were with him, were dispersed, and forsooke him.Et persecutus est exercitus Chaldæorum regem, comprehenditque eum in planitie Jericho: et omnes bellatores qui erant cum eo, dispersi sunt, et reliquerunt eum. 6So they took the king, and brought him to the king of Babylon, to Reblatha, and he gave judgment upon him.E quelli, preso il re, lo condussero dinanzi al re di Babilonia a Reblatha, dove questi pronunziò sentenza contro di lui.They therfore hauing taken the king, brought him to the king of Babylon into Reblatha, who spake iudgement with him.Apprehensum ergo regem duxerunt ad regem Babylonis in Reblatha: qui locutus est cum eo judicium. 7And he slew the sons of Sedecias before his face, and he put out his eyes, and bound him with chains, and brought him to Babylon.E uccise alla presenza di Sedecia i suoi figliuoli, e a lui fece cavare gli occhi, e lo mise alla catena, e menollo in Babilonia.And he slewe the sonnes of Sedecias before his face, and he put out his eies, and bound him with cheynes, and brought him into Babylon.Filios autem Sedeciæ occidit coram eo, et oculos ejus effodit, vinxitque eum catenis, et adduxit in Babylonem. 8In the fifth month, the seventh day of the month, the same is the nineteenth year of the king of Babylon, came Nabuzardan, commander of the army, a servant of the king of Babylon, into Jerusalem.Il mese quinto, ai sette del mese, l'anno diciannovesimo del re di Babilonia, Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito, e servo del re di Babilonia entrò in Gerusalemme.The fifth moneth, the seuenth day of the moneth, that is, the ninetenth yeare of the king of Babylon, came Nabuzardan the General of the armie, the seruant of the king of Babylon into Ierusalem.Mense quinto, septima die mensis, ipse est annus nonusdecimus regis Babylonis, venit Nabuzardan princeps exercitus, servus regis Babylonis, in Jerusalem. 9And he burnt the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and the houses of Jerusalem, and every house he burnt with fire.E mise il fuoco alla casa del Signore, e alla casa reale, e alle case di Gerusalemme; e tutte le fabbriche consumò colle fiamme.And he burnt the house, of our Lord, the kings house, and the houses of Ierusalem, & euerie house he burnt with fyre.Et succendit domum Domini, et domum regis: et domos Jerusalem, omnemque domum combussit igni.
10And all the army of the Chaldees, which was with the commander of the troops, broke down the walls of Jerusalem round about.E tutto l'esercito de' Caldei, che era col capitano, atterrò da tutte parti le mura di Gerusalemme.And al the armie of the Chaldees, which was with the General of the souldiars, destroyed the walles of Ierusalem round about.Et muros Jerusalem in circuitu destruxit omnis exercitus Chaldæorum, qui erat cum principe militum. 11And Nabuzardan, the commander of the army, carried away the rest of the people, that remained in the city, and the fugitives, that had gone over to the king of Babylon, and the remnant of the common people.E gli avanzi del popolo, che eran rimasi nella città, e quelli, che si erano rifugiati presso al re di Babilonia, e tutta la ciurmaglia, li menò via Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito.And Nabuzardan the General of the armie, transported the remnant of the people that remained in the citie, and the fugitiues, that were fled to the king of Babylon, and the rest of the comon people.Reliquam autem populi partem quæ remanserat in civitate, et perfugas qui transfugerant ad regem Babylonis, et reliquum vulgus transtulit Nabuzardan princeps militiæ. 12But of the poor of the land he left some dressers of vines and husbandmen.E lasciovvi solamente de' miserabili per coltivar le vigne, e i campi.And of the poore of the land he leift dressers of vineyardes and husbandmen.Et de pauperibus terræ reliquit vinitores et agricolas. 13And the pillars of brass that were in the temple of the Lord, and the bases, and the sea of brass, which was in the house of the Lord, the Chaldees broke in pieces, and carried all the brass of them to Babylon.E le colonne di bronzo, che erano nel tempio del Signore, e le basi, e il mare di bronzo, che era nella casa del Signore, tutte queste cose i Caldei le misero in pezzi, e ne trasportarono tutto il bronzo in Babilonia.And the brasen pillers, that were in the temple of our Lord, and the feete, and the sea of brasse, which was in the house of our Lord, the Chaldees brake, and transported al the brasse into Babylon.Columnas autem æreas quæ erant in templo Domini, et bases, et mare æreum quod erat in domo Domini, confregerunt Chaldæi, et transtulerunt æs omne in Babylonem. 14They took away also the pots of brass, and the mazers, and the forks, and the cups, and the mortars, and all the vessels of brass, with which they ministered.E portaron via anche le caldaie di bronzo, e le coppe, e le forchette, e le giare, e i mortai, e tutti i vasi di bronzo, che servivano al ministero.The pottes also of brasse, and masars, and forkes with three teeth, and cuppes, and litle mortars, and al the vessel of brasse, in the which they ministred, they tooke away.Ollas quoque æreas, et trullas, et tridentes, et scyphos, et mortariola, et omnia vasa ærea, in quibus ministrabant, tulerunt.
15Moreover also the censers, and the bowls, such as were of gold in gold: and such as were of silver in silver, the general of the army took away.E similmente i turiboli, e le ampolle sia d'oro, sia d'argento, le portò via il capitano dell'esercito:Moreouer also the censars, and phials: those that were of gold: and that were of siluer the General of the warfare tooke,Necnon et thuribula, et phialas: quæ aurea, aurea, et quæ argentea, argentea tulit princeps militiæ, 16That is, two pillars, one sea, and the bases which Solomon had made in the temple of the Lord: the brass of all these vessels was without weight.Insieme colle due colonne, e col mare di bronzo, e le basi fatte da Salomone pel tempio del Signore: il peso del bronzo di tutti i vasi era immenso.that is, two pillers, one sea, and the feete which Salomon had made in the temple of our Lord: there was no weight of the brasse of al the vessels.id est, columnas duas, mare unum, et bases quas fecerat Salomon in templo Domini: non erat pondus æris omnium vasorum. 17One pillar was eighteen cubits high: and the chapiter of brass, which was upon it, was three cubits high: and the network, and the pomegranates that were upon the chapiter of the pillar, were all of brass: and the second pillar had the like adorning.Una delle colonne avea diciotto cubiti di altezza, e al di sopra un capitello di bronzo alto tre cubiti: e attorno al capitello della colonna la rete, e i meligranati, ogni cosa di bronzo. Simili erano gli ornati dell'altra colonna.One piller had eightene cubites in height: and the litle head of brasse vpon it was three cubites in height: and the nette, and the pomegranates vpon the litle head of the piller, al of brasse: the second also had the like adorning.Decem et octo cubitos altitudinis habebat columna una: et capitellum æreum super se altitudinis trium cubitorum: et retiaculum, et malogranata super capitellum columnæ, omnia ærea: similem et columna secunda habebat ornatum. 18And the general of the army took Seraias, the chief priest, and Sophonias, the second priest, and three doorkeepers:E il capitano dell'esercito menò via anche Saraia primo Sacerdote, e Sophonia secondo sacerdote, e i tre portinai.Also the general of the armie tooke Saraias the chiefe priest, and Sophonias the second priest, and three porters.Tulit quoque princeps militiæ Saraiam sacerdotem primum, et Sophoniam sacerdotem secundum, et tres janitores.
19And out of the city one eunuch, who was captain over the men of war: and five men of them who had stood before the king, whom he found in the city, and Sopher, the captain of the army, who exercised the young soldiers of the people of the land: and threescore men of the common people, who were found in the city:E un eunuco della città, che aveva ispezione sopra le genti da guerra: e cinque di quei, che erano stati del servizio domestico del re, e furon trovati nella città: e Sopher principe dell'esercito, il quale facea nel paese la scelta dei nuovi soldati: e sessanta uomini primari del popolo, che furon trovati nella città.And of the citie one Eunuch, which was captayne ouer the men of warre: and fiue men of them, that wayted before the king, whom he found in the citie, and Sopher the captaine of the armie who proued the yong souldiars of the people of the land: and threescore men of the common people, which were found in the citie.Et de civitate eunuchum unum, qui erat præfectus super bellatores viros: et quinque viros de his qui steterant coram rege, quos reperit in civitate: et Sopher principem exercitus, qui probabat tyrones de populo terræ: et sexaginta viros e vulgo, qui inventi fuerant in civitate. 20These Nabuzardan, the general of the army, took away, and carried them to the king of Babylon, to Reblatha.Nabuzardan capitano dell'esercito prese costoro, e li condusse dinanzi al re di Babilonia a Reblatha:Whom Nabuzardan the General of the armie taking, brought them to the king of Babylon into Reblatha.Quos tollens Nabuzardan princeps militum, duxit ad regem Babylonis in Reblatha. 21And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Reblatha, in the land of Emath: so Juda was carried away out of their land.E il re di Babilonia li fece uccidere in Reblatha, che è nel paese di Emath. E Giuda fu trasportato dal suo paese.And the king of Babylon stroke them, and slew them in Reblatha in the land of Emath: and Iuda was transported out of their land.Percussitque eos rex Babylonis, et interfecit eos in Reblatha in terra Emath: et translatus est Juda de terra sua. 22But over the people that remained in the land of Juda, which Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, had left, he gave the government to Godolias, the son of Ahicam, the son of Saphan.E al governo del popolo, che restava nel paese di Giuda, lasciatovi da Nabuchodonosor re di Babilonia, pose Godolia figliuolo di Ahicam figliuolo di Saphan.And he made Godolias the sonne of Ahicam the sonne of Saphan Gouernour ouer the people, that was leift in the land of Iuda, which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon had leift.Populo autem qui relictus erat in terra Juda, quem dimiserat Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis, præfecit Godoliam filium Ahicam filii Saphan.
23And when all the captains of the soldiers had heard this, they and the men that were with them, to wit, that the king of Babylon had made Godolias governor they came to Godolias to Maspha, Ismael, the son of Nathanias, and Johanan, the son of Caree, and Saraia, the son of Thanehumeth, the Netophathite, and Jezonias, the son of Maachathi, they and their men.La qual cosa essendo giunta alle orecchie dei capi de' soldati, e di quelli, che eran con essi, viene a dire, come il re di Babilonia, avea dato il governo a Godolia, andarono a trovar Godolia a Maspha, Ismael figliuolo di Nathania, e Johanan figliuolo di Caree, e Saraia figliuolo di Thanehumeth Netophathite, e Jezonia figliuolo di Maachati co' loro compagni.Which when al the captaynes of the souldiars had heard, they and the men that were with them, to witte, that the king of Babylon had appoynted Godolias, there came to Godolias into Masp a 〈◊〉 the sonne of Mathanias, and Iohanan the sonne of C•ée and the Saraia the sonne of Thanehumeth a Netophathite, and Iezonias the sonne of Maachathi, they and their felowes.Quod cum audissent omnes duces militum, ipsi et viri qui erant cum eis, videlicet quod constituisset rex Babylonis Godoliam, venerunt ad Godoliam in Maspha, Ismahel filius Nathaniæ, et Johanan filius Caree, et Saraia filius Thanehumeth Netophathites, et Jezonias filius Maachathi, ipsi et socii eorum. 24And Godolias swore to them and to their men, saying: Be not afraid to serve the Chaldees: stay in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you.E Godolia giurò ad essi, e a' loro compagni, e disse: Non temete di ubbidire ai re Caldei: restate nel paese, e servite al re di Babilonia, e sarete felici.And Godolias sware to them and to their companions, saying: Be not afrayd to serue the Caldees: tarie in the countrie, and serue the king of Babylon, and it shal be wel with youJuravitque Godolias ipsis et sociis eorum, dicens: Nolite timere servire Chaldæis: manete in terra, et servite regi Babylonis, et bene erit vobis. 25But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ismael, the son of Nathanias, the son of Elisama, of the seed royal came, and ten men with him, and smote Godolias; so that he died: and also the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him in Maspha.Ma il settimo mese andò Ismael figliuolo di Nathania, figliuolo d'Elisa ma di stirpe reale, accompagnato da dieci uomini: d'assalirono Godolia, il quale fu messo a morte, e con lui i Giudei, e i Caldei, che eran con esso a Maspha.But it came to passe in the seuenth moneth, there came Ismahel the sonne of Nathanias, the sonne of Elisama of the kinges seede, and ten men with him: and stroke Godolias, who also died: yea the Iewes also & the Chaldees, that were with him in Maspha.Factum est autem in mense septimo, venit Ismahel filius Nathaniæ filii Elisama de semine regio, et decem viri cum eo: percusseruntque Godoliam, qui et mortuus est: sed et Judæos et Chaldæos qui erant cum eo in Maspha. 26And all the people, both little and great, and the captains of the soldiers, rising up, went to Egypt, fearing the Chaldees.E tutto il popolo, piccoli, e grandi, e i capi de' soldati avendo paura de' Caldei, fuggirono nell'Egitto.And al the people rysing vp from litle to great, & the captaynes of the souldiars, came into Aegypt fearing the Caldees.Consurgensque omnis populus a parvo usque ad magnum, et principes militum, venerunt in Ægyptum timentes Chaldæos.
27And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Joachin, king of Juda, in the twelfth month, the seven and twentieth day of the month: Evilmerodach, king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, lifted up the head of Joachin, king of Juda, out of prison.Ma l'anno trentesimo settimo della trasmigrazione di Joachin re di Giuda, il duodecimo mese, ai ventisette del mese, Evilmerodach re di Babilonia, lo stesso anno, in cui cominciò a regnare, sollevò, e trasse Joachin re di Giuda dalla prigione.But it came to passe in the seuen and thirteth yeare of the Transmigration of Ioachin the king of Iuda, in the twelfth moneth, the seuen and twenteth day of the moneth: Euilmerodach the king of Babylon, in the yeare, that he began to reigne, lifted vp the head of Ioachin the king of Iuda out of prison.Factum est vero in anno trigesimo septimo transmigrationis Joachin regis Juda, mense duodecimo, vigesima septima die mensis: sublevavit Evilmerodach rex Babylonis, anno quo regnare cœperat, caput Joachin regis Juda de carcere. 28And he spoke kindly to him: and he set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon.E parlò a fui benignamente: e gli alzò un trono più elevato, che quelli degli altri re, che erano con lui in Babilonia.And he spake vnto him courteously: and he sette his throne aboue the throne of the kinges, that were with him in Babylon.Et locutus est ei benigne, et posuit thronum ejus super thronum regum qui erant cum eo in Babylone. 29And he changed his garments which he had in prison, and he ate bread always before him, all the days of his life.E gli fece cangiar le vesti, che avea portate nella prigione, ed ei mangiava sempre con lui per tutto il tempo, ch'ei visse:And he changed his garmentes, which he had in the prison, and he did eate bread alwayes in his sight, al the dayes of his life.Et mutavit vestes ejus quas habuerat in carcere, et comedebat panem semper in conspectu ejus cunctis diebus vitæ suæ. 30And he appointed him a continual allowance, which was also given him by the king, day by day, all the days of his life.E gli assegnò eziandio in perpetuo il suo mantenimento, che era a lui dato dal re giorno per giorno, fintanto che visse.A certayne prouision also he appointed for him without intermission, which was also geuen him of the king day by day, al the daies of his life.Annonam quoque constituit ei sine intermissione, quæ et dabatur ei a rege per singulos dies omnibus diebus vitæ suæ.
25:1
Year of the World 3414, Year before Christ 590.; Jeremias xxxix.
Usher
Day, the 30th of January, the year of the world 3414. (Usher)
Usher
Some time after Nabuchodonosor left the siege, to attack the Egyptians; (Jeremias 37:3.) and the people of Jerusalem, (Haydock) supposing that he would return no more, took back their slaves, whom Jeremias had prevailed on them to liberate, according to the law, during the sabbatical year, Jeremias 34:8. (Usher)
The prophet reproached them for it; and announced the destruction of the city so plainly, that he was thrown into prison, Jeremias xxi., and xxxiv., and xxxviii.
Calmet
It. The Babylonians had already taken all the towns of Juda, except Azeca and Lachis, Jeremias 34:7. (Calmet)
25:3
Haydock
Of the. Protestants supply, "fourth month," as it is in the parallel passage, Jeremias 52:6., And in the fourth month, the ninth day of the month. In Jeremias 39:2., we read, in the fourth month, the fifth day of the month, the city was broken up, or a breach was made in the outer wall. In the course of a few days, the princes of Babylon seized the middle gate; and the famine became so intolerable, that, on the 9th, it was judged expedient to abandon the city. (Haydock)
Menochius
During this siege it is thought, (Calmet) that mothers eat their children, (Lamentations 4:10., and Baruch 2:3.) and children their parents, Ezechiel 5:10. (Menochius)
25:4
Menochius
Walls, by a subterraneous passage, to the plains of Jericho; (Rabbins) or by the horse gate, which was the most private, and, it seems, had been walled up, Ezechiel 12:12. (Menochius)
25:6
Rablatha, the Antioch of Syria, (St. Jerome) which was styled also Epiphania, (Tirinus) or more probably Apamea, where Nabuchodonosor was, when Jerusalem was taken.
Menochius
Upon him, by the advice of his council, Jeremias 39:3, 13. Syriac, "they made him answer the charges brought against him," (Calmet) of ingratitude and rebellion, as he had been appointed by the king of Babylon, and had sworn to be faithful to him. (Menochius)
Calmet
This repeated infidelity made Nabuchodonosor resolve to remove the people from their own country. (Calmet)
Calmet
He sentenced the last of the kings of Juda to see his children slain, (Haydock) to have his eyes put out, and to remain in prison till his death, Jeremias 52:11., etc. (Calmet)
Watson
Hebrew, he "spake judgments with him." Thus was accomplished the prediction of Jeremias 34:3, "thine eyes shall behold the eyes of the king of Babylon, and he shall speak to thee." (Watson)
Haydock
The same prophet had said the same (Jeremias 32:4.) before he was thrown into prison. The sight of an angry judge is no small punishment. (Haydock)
25:7
Eyes; after they had been excruciated by the sight of his slaughtered children. He thus might be convinced, that there was no reason to despise the predictions of Jeremias and of Ezechiel 12:13., as contradictory, because the latter informed him that he should not see Babylon; though the other said that he should die there.
Josephus
Babylon, where he was honourably buried, by order of Nabuchodonosor. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 10:11.)
Tirinus
Seder (Olam XXVIII.) records that his attendants sung, at his funeral, "Alas! king Sedecias is dead, having drunk the dregs of all ages;" as he suffered also for the crimes of his predecessors. (Genebrard) (Tirinus)
Watson
This is not indeed specified in Scripture: (Haydock) but it is highly probable that Nabuchodonosor would thus "revere royalty, even in its ruins," if Daniel and the other Jews in power, had not been careful to shew this mark of respect to their deceased monarch, conformably to the prediction of Jeremias 34:3 who foretold that he should die, not by a violent death, the usual fate of captive kings, but in peace, or on his bed, though in a prison. (Watson, let. 6.)
25:8
Calmet
Seventh. Jeremias (lii. 12.) mentions the tenth; on which day Nabuzardan probably arrived, or begun to put his orders in execution. Yet the Jews keep the ninth as an annual fast, Zacharias 7:3., and 8:19. The temple was destroyed on Saturday, 27th August, the year of the world 3416, (Usher) after it had stood 424 years, 3 months, and 8 days. (Calmet)
Menochius
Army. Hebrew, "of those who slay;" which may be fitly understood "of soldiers," as well as "of cooks," (Septuagint) "butchers." (Pagnin, etc.) (Menochius)
25:9
Year of the World 3416, Year before Christ 558.
Haydock
Great. This word is supplied from Jeremias 52:13., and Hebrew, "great man's house." (Protestants) But Jeremias 39:8., we read, they burnt the houses of the people, (Haydock) even the meanest, destroyed the walls, and took the people to Babylon, only leaving some countrymen to cultivate the land. Jeremias was set at liberty by Nabuzardan, (ibid. xi.[Jeremias 39:9.?]) and chose to continue with this remnant of the people, for their comfort and direction. (Haydock)
Calmet
They applied to him to know whether they should retire into Egypt; and after ten days, he gave them God's injunction to the contrary: but they despised it, Jeremias 42:7., and 43:1. The prophet, and his secretary, Baruch, followed them into Egypt. Thus was the country abandoned, and the monarchy at an end, after it had subsisted 468 years from the commencement of David's reign. (Calmet)
Haydock
Yet some little power remained in the family of David, even at Babylon; (ver. 27.) and the Jewish affairs were re-established, after the captivity, though not in such splendour as formerly, nor always under princes of the same royal family. (Haydock)
25:14
Mazers. Hebrew yahim, "shovels." (Protestants) Septuagint retain the original word, which St. Jerome translates differently. See 3 Kings 7:50., (Menochius) and Exodus.
25:18
Tirinus
Saraias, father of Esdras, and of Josedeck, who succeeded in the Pontificate, 1 Esdras 7:1., and 1 Paralipomenon 6:14. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Sophonias. He was perhaps chief of the fourth band of door-keepers, mentioned [in] 1 Paralipomenon 9:17, 24., and vice-gerent of the High-priest, to supply his place, in case of any accident. We find no mention of such a priest in the law, but Eleazar possessed a similar power, Numbers 3:32. (Calmet)
Menochius
Keepers. These seem to have concealed themselves in the temple. (Menochius)
Tirinus
They were punished, as the counsellors of Sedecias, by being beheaded or crucified, Lamentations 5:12. (Tirinus)
25:19
Haydock
Eunuch. Protestants, "officer." (Haydock)
Du Hamel
Five. Arabic and Jeremias 52:25., read seven, as two were probably discovered afterwards, (Calmet) or had fled. (Du Hamel)
These were chief officers.
Calmet
Sopher. Septuagint, "and the secretary of the general." Syriac, "the secretary and chiefs of the armies." (Calmet)
Haydock
Protestants, "the principal scribe." (Haydock)
Calmet
It is not clear whether the general have this title of sopher, "scribe," himself; or it rather designates his secretary, or scribe, Judges 8:14. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
Many date the 70 years captivity from the last year of Joachin. (Du Hamel)
25:22
Year of the World 3416.
Grotius
Godolias. The Rabbins say that he had gone over to the Chaldeans: Jeremias (xxxviii. 2, 17.) had advised all to do so, and Godolias was of an easy complying disposition. (Grotius)
Salien
But God did not suffer him to collect the remnants of his unhappy people, (Calmet) at least for any long time, as he was slain by Ismael, (Jeremias 40:12., and 41:1.; Haydock) who probably envied his dignity. (Josephus) (Salien)
25:25
Year of the World 3417, Year before Christ 587.
25:26
Calmet
Chaldees. They went under the conduct of Johanan, in opposition to the declaration of Jeremias, 43:7., and 44:1. (Calmet)
25:27
Year of the World 3442, Year before Christ 562.
Calmet
Twentieth. Jeremias (lii. 31.) says the 25th, when Nabuchodonosor was buried, and (Du Hamel) the decree was made, though it was not put in execution till two days later. (Calmet)
Evilmerodach, whose proper name was Baltassar, (Daniel 5:1.; Tirinus) or the latter was his son. The Jews say that he had been confined in prison, with Joachin, because he had not administered the kingdom well, during the seven years' illness of his father Nabuchodonosor. Berosus (apud Josephus, contra Apion 1., and Eusebius, praep. 9:40., who cites also Megasthenes) informs us that he reigned with insolence during two years, when he was treacherously murdered by his father-in-law, Neriglissor.
25:28
Kings, who had been made captives. Adonibezec had 70, Judges 1:7. Alexander kept Porus and Taxilus at his court, as Cyrus had done [to] Croesus, whom he treated with great distinction. The prosperity of Joachin does not seem to have been of long continuance, as his benefactor did not reign above two (ver. 27.) or three years, Daniel. 8:1.
25:30
Calmet
His life, may be referred to Evilmerodach, unless Joachin was involved in his disgrace, and perished at the same time. Perhaps the king of Juda did not always eat at the table of Evilmerodach, but received his meat from it, as was customary. (Syriac, etc.) (Calmet)
Grotius
He received all that was necessary to support his household, daily. (Grotius)
Haydock
In Jeremias 52:34., until the day of his death, seems to be an useless "tautology," which is omitted here, and in "our oldest manuscript," says Kennicott; who observes that whoever will compare these passages, "will find many variations, and some corruptions." But most of them may be easily explained, ver. 3, 8, 27, etc. (Haydock)
25:30
THE FIRST BOOK OF PARALIPOMENON
These Books are called by the Greek interpreters, Paralipomenon, that is, of things left out, or omitted; because they are a kind of a supplement of such things as were passed over in the books of the Kings. The Hebrews call them Dibre Haijamim, that is, The words of the days, or The Chronicles.—Not that they are the books which are so often quoted in the Kings, under the title of the words of the days of the kings of Israel, and of the kings of Juda: for the books of Paralipomenon were written after the books of Kings: but because in all probability they have been abridged from those ancient words of the days, by Esdras or some other sacred writer.
25:7
Certaine falsprophetes perswaded the king and the people not to beleue the prophetes, which forwarned them of these calamites, because (sayd they) they contradicte one an other, Ieremie saying ( •h. 32. & 34.) the eyes of Sedecias should see the eyes of Nabuchodonosor, and should be led into Babylon: and Ezechiel saying (c. 12. v. 13.) that he should not see Babylon.
Both saying most truly: for he was caried thither after his eyes were put out. Iosephus. li. 10. Antiq. c. 10.
25:16
There was so exceding much, that they wel could not, or did not weigh it.
25:27
By Gods special prouidence king Ioachin (other wise called Iechonias. 2. Par. 3. & Mat. 1.) is exalted, and set ouer al the Iewes; vnto whom others succede in like authoritie. and so is fulfilled the prophecie of Iacob. Gen. 49. The scepter shal not be taken from Iuda, nor a duke of his thiegh til he come that is to be sent.
25:1
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.9
… on the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon came, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it, and built a wall against it round about, and the city was besieged until the eleventh year of king Zedekiah, and the ninth day of the month, and there was no bread for the people to eat, and the city was broken up.”
25:4
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.11
… and that neither the Holy of Holies, nor the sacred vessels, nor any thing else could ward off that punishment and vengeance, for that the oath had been transgressed! The city, indeed, was thus miserably destroyed. But the king endured what was still more wretched and deplorable.
25:7
St Cyril of Jerusalem † AD 386 The Catechetical Lectures of S. Cyril 2.17
… Hast thou not heard that he brought out the bones of the kings from their graves into the light ? Hast thou not heard that he carried the people away captive? Hast thou not heard that he put out the eyes of the king, after he had already seen his children slain
25:9
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.10
… And entering in with the utmost ease, they “burnt the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and the houses of Jerusalem, and every great house, the captain of the guard burnt, and overthrew the wall of Jerusalem;”
25:11
St Gregory of Nazianzus † AD 389 Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen 33
… or mingled the Sacramental Blood with blood of massacre? What spiritual sighs have I put an end to by cries of death, or tears of penitence by tears of tragedy? What House of prayer have I made a burialplace? What liturgical vessels which the multitude may not touch have I given over to the hands of the wicked, of a Nebuzaradan,
25:13
St John Chrysostom † AD 407 The Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch 19.10
… and out of the city one eunuch that was set over the men of war; and five men that were in the king’s presence; and Shaphan the chief captain, and the principal scribe, and threescore men. And he took these, and brought them to the king of Babylon, and the king smote them, and slew them.”
25:27
St Hippolytus † AD 235 On Daniel 1
… Against him came up Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and carries him off prisoner to Babylon, taking with him also some of the vessels of the house in Jerusalem. Thrown into prison as a friend of Pharaoh, and as one set up by him over the kingdom,
25:4
4. The city was broken through, — namely by frequent blows of the enemy's battering rams, whence the citizens fled from it by a hidden way and exit. Thus Abulensis and Vatablus, although Cajetan wishes the wall to have been broken by the citizens themselves, so that they might escape through the breach.
25:6
6. He spoke judgment with him, — that is, he disputed with him in judgment, and justly condemned him, saying: You have broken the faith given to me and have rebelled, justly therefore you deserve to be blinded by me. Rabbi Solomon adds other things, but he fables after his manner.
25:8
8. The seventh day of the month. — Jeremias in the final chapter has "the tenth day:" reconcile both thus, that on the seventh day he came to Jerusalem, but on the tenth he burned the temple. Thus Cajetan. Or rather on the seventh day he departed from Reblatha, where Nabuchodonosor was, and on the tenth day (for the journey is three days), he arrived in Jerusalem.
25:11
11. The remainder of the common people Nabuzardan the captain of the guard carried away. — The Septuagint translates it as chief cook, that is, captain of cooks, the Hebrew, captain of those who slaughter; the Chaldean, master of executioners; whence through him St. Gregory mystically understands gluttony, which overturns the temple of our soul. Hear him in the third part of the Pastoral, Admonition xx: "The captain of cooks destroyed the walls of Jerusalem. The captain of cooks is the belly, to which great care is given by cooks to serve it, so that it itself might be filled delightfully with foods. But the walls of Jerusalem are the virtues of the soul, elevated to the desire of heavenly peace. Therefore the captain of cooks casts down the walls of Jerusalem; because when the belly is extended by gluttony, the virtues of the soul are destroyed through luxury." Wherefore Abba Pomen in the Lives of the Fathers: "Unless," he says, "Nabuzardan the captain of cooks had come, the temple of God would not have burned; that is, unless the desire of belly-madness had crept in, the soul would not have been inflamed by lust." But Angelomus understands by "Nabuzardan" the devil, who strives to plunder all the goods of the faithful.
25:14
14. Trullas,—not commentaries, but "trullas," that is, little covers of pots, called trulla. Abulensis says from trudendo, because it thrusts, that is, closes the pot, so that trullis would be as it were trusilis: for "trullas" Our Author joins with pots. For in Hebrew, Chaldean and Septuagint no word corresponds to trullis. But ancient authors understand by trulla a vessel pouring out water. Thus Nonius Marcellus: "Trullaeum," he says, "by which hands are washed." Titinius in Setina: "Wisdom," he says, "the helmsman twists the ship, not strength: the cook, when a great bronze vessel boils, confutes it with a little trua." Varro, in book IV: "Trulla," he says, "from the likeness of trua, because that is great, and this small like a trulla. Hence in Greek trouchion, we call it trulla. Trulla, which they pour water from the kitchen into the bath. Trua, because water flies across with it, is named from the same." Varro therefore thinks trulla is named from travolando, Nonius Marcellus however from terendo as it were terula, but Isidore from trudendo. Hear him, book XIX of Origins, chapter xxxi: "The name Trullas was made, because it thrusts and thrusts down, that is, encloses stones with lime or mud." The allegory and tropology here is easy and apt. For Jerusalem is the Church, equally as the faithful soul through faith contemplating God; idols are created and vain things, which against God's law it embraces, for example the idol of the avaricious is gold, of the luxurious lust, of the proud honor. Nebuchadnezzar is the devil, who having captured Jerusalem, that is, the soul, its king Sedekiah, that is, the mind (for Sedekiah in Hebrew is the same as the justice of God, which the mind ought to think, fear and imitate), blinds it: thence he despoils it of all graces and goods, and burns the temple, that is, all fear and worship of God, and then deprives it captive of its freedom, and leads it bound into Babylon, that is, into the extreme confusion of all things, such as is in the soul subjected to its desires, especially when it is cast into hell. But before that happens, Cyrus, that is, Christ, liberates many from this captivity. Thus Angelomus and Eucherius.
25:19
19. And from the city one eunuch, who was chief over the men of war; and five men of those who stood before the king, whom he found in the city; and Sopher the captain of the army, who mustered the young men of the people of the land; and sixty men of the common people, who were found in the city. 20. Whom Nabuzardan the captain of the guard took, and brought them to the king of Babylon in Reblatha. 21. And the king of Babylon struck them, and put them to death in Reblatha in the land of Hamath, and Juda was carried away out of his land. 22. But as for the people that were left in the land of Juda, whom Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon had left, he appointed over them Godolias the son of Ahicam the son of Saphan. 23. And when all the captains of the armies, they and the men that were with them, heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Godolias, they came to Godolias into Maspha, Ismahel the son of Nathanias, and Johanan the son of Caree, and Saraia the son of Thanchumeth the Netophathite, and Jezonias the son of Maachati, they and their companions. 24. And Godolias swore to them and to their companions, saying: Fear not to serve the Chaldeans: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon, and it shall be well with you. 25. But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ismahel the son of Nathanias, the son of Elisama of the royal seed, came, and ten men with him; and they struck Godolias, who also died; and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him in Maspha. 26. And all the people rose up from the least to the greatest, and the captains of the armies, and went into Egypt, fearing the Chaldeans. 27. And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Joachin king of Juda, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month; Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the year he began to reign, lifted up the head of Joachin king of Juda out of prison. 28. And he spoke kindly to him; and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon. 29. And changed his garments which he had worn in prison, and he ate bread always before him all the days of his life. 30. And his allowance was given him continually without intermission, which was also given him by the king day by day, all the days of his life. This chapter is altogether the same as the last chapter of Jeremias, where I explained it: for Jeremias was present at this whole disaster, and attempted to prevent it, as is evident from his prophecies, but in vain. See Abulensis here, last Question, presenting a singular series of the prophecies of Jeremias combined with the series of the deeds of these Kings. See also the chronological arrangement which I prefixed to Jeremias.
25:27
27. And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Joachin.—Joachin was therefore in the Babylonian prison as long as Nabuchodonosor lived for 37 years: he being dead, Evil-merodach succeeding his father liberated and exalted Joachin. I gave the reason in Jeremias LII, at the end of the chapter.
Synchronism of the Kings of Judah, the Prophets, and the Kings and Heroes of the Gentiles Synchronous with Solomon, or his contemporary, was the prophet Nathan, Hiram king of Tyre, Hesiodus, and Homerus of the Greeks. Contemporary with Roboam was the prophet Ahias, and Jeroboam the first king of Israel, and Laosthenes king of the Assyrians. Contemporary with Asa was the prophet Jehu, and Baasa king of Israel, and Ophrataeus king of the Assyrians. In the time of Josaphat flourished the prophet Elias, who was caught up to heaven in a fiery chariot. Under Joram Eliseus prophesied for sixty-six years, and died under king Amasia. Under Joas lived Joiada the High Priest, and his son Zacharias the martyr. In Israel reigned successively Jehu, who cut down the house of Achab, Joachaz and Joas. The brother of king Amasia was Amos, father of the prophet Isaias. Isaias therefore had as grandfather king Joas, and as uncle Amasia: at this time Lycurgus gave laws to the Spartans. In the time of Azarias or Ozias Isaias began to prophesy, and he prophesied for sixty years under the kings Ozia, Joatham, Achaz, Ezechia and Manasse; at that time also Osee, Joel, Amos, Jonas and Abdias prophesied. In the fortieth year of Azarias the Olympiads began to be reckoned, or the years of Iphytus the king, who instituted them. The Olympiads precede the founding of Rome by twenty-three years. Wherefore in the tenth year of Joatham Rome was founded by Romulus, who first reigned in it for thirty-six years. He was succeeded by Numa Pompilius for forty-four years; he by Tullus Hostilius for thirty-two years; he by Ancus Martius for twenty-four years; he by Tarquinius Priscus for thirty-eight years; he by Servius Tullius for forty-four years; he by Tarquinius Superbus for twenty-five years. Under Joatham Nahum and Micheas prophesied. At the same time Sardanapalus, besieged in Nineveh by Arbaces the prefect of Media, burned himself with the royal palace and all its treasure. Wherefore Arbaces made himself king of Media; but Baladan, who was called by another name Nabonassar, occupied Babylon, from whom the Era of Nabonassaraea was established, which begins from the fifteenth year of Joatham. Under Achaz Damascus was captured by the Assyrians, and Teglathphalasar their king led away half of the ten tribes of Israel into Assyria. Contemporary with Ezechia was Merodach the son of Baladan, or Nabonassar the first king of Babylon, and Salmanasar king of the Assyrians, who led away Israel, that is the remnants of the ten tribes, and among them Toby into Assyria. Likewise his son Sennacherib, who besieging Jerusalem was put to flight by an Angel with one hundred eighty-five thousand slain. At that time also flourished the Sibyl Erythraea, as testified by St. Augustine, in book XVIII of the City of God, chapter twenty-three. Manasses sawed the prophet Isaias, his kinsman, asunder with a wooden saw. At that time flourished among the Lydians Gyges, who after slaying Candaules obtained the kingdom— Under Josia Jeremias began to prophesy, and in the time of Joakim, Joachin and Sedecia he prophesied for forty-five years, and finally in Egypt was buried under stones by the Jews and died a martyr. Under the same time Baruch, Sophonias and the prophetess Holda prophesied. At Rome reigned Tullus Hostilius and Ancus Martius. There flourished Aristomenes, Phalaris the tyrant, Zeleucus the legislator, Terpander the musician, Sappho and Stesichorus the poets. In the fourth year of Joakim Nabuchodonosor began to reign, who transferred the monarchy from the Assyrians to the Chaldeans, and overthrew Jerusalem with its temple and led the Jews into Babylon, and subjugated Egypt, and slew Pharao Nechao, who was the last of the Pharaohs, as I said in Jerem. xliv, 30. Under Joachin and Sedecia Ezechiel prophesied in Babylon for twenty-two years, to whom Daniel succeeded, who lived to one hundred years and prophesied. See what is said in the preface to Jeremias, Ezechiel and Daniel. At this time in Media reigned Cyaxares, to whom succeeded his son Astyages, and to him his grandson through his daughter Cyrus, who took Babylon with Darius the Mede his uncle, and transferred the monarchy from the Chaldeans to the Persians, and sent the Jews free from Babylon into Judaea. At that time also flourished Draco the legislator of the Athenians, as well as Solon, Epimenides the philosopher, who according to Laertius erected an altar at Athens to the Unknown God, of which Paul speaks, Acts xvii. Likewise Anaximenes, Xenophanes, Anacharsis the philosopher, Arion the musician, Aesopus the dictator of Fables, the Sibyl Cumaea, who offered to Tarquinius king of the Romans nine books of oracles for the price of three hundred gold pieces, and when he refused it, the Sibyl burned a great part of them and demanded and obtained the same price for the few remaining ones, as Pliny, Solinus, Gellius, Servius and others relate. This is from Eusebius, Torniellus, Gordonus, Salianus and the other Chronologists. Hear St. Augustine, in the eighteenth book of The City of God, chapter twenty-five: "When Zedekiah reigned among the Hebrews, and Tarquinius Priscus, who had succeeded Ancus Marcius, reigned among the Romans, the people of the Jews were led captive into Babylon, Jerusalem was destroyed, and that temple which had been built by Solomon. At that time Pittacus of Mytilene is said to have been one of the seven wise men: and Eusebius writes that five others, who are numbered with these seven, were alive at that time—Thales, whom we mentioned above, and Pittacus here, are added to them—when the people of God were held captive in Babylon. These are Solon of Athens, Chilon of Lacedaemon, Periander of Corinth, Cleobulus of Lindos, Bias of Priene. At that time of the Jewish captivity, Anaximander and Anaximenes and Xenophanes, natural philosophers, also became renowned. Then too Pythagoras, from whom philosophers began to be called by that name."
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
25:1
Sedecias (Heb. Sidhāyijāhā "Justice of Jahweh")
… But Nebuchadnezzar, having set out in that same year with a large army, encamped at Riblah on the Orontes; then he invaded the territory of Judah and laid siege to Jerusalem (9th year of Zedekiah, around Dec. 588 B.C.; II Kings 25:1); the city defended itself heroically for 18 months, awaiting the arrival of Egyptian help; Jeremiah, who for the salvation of Jerusalem and the nation advised surrender to the Chaldeans, …
25:2
Sedecias (Heb. Sidhāyijāhā "Justice of Jahweh")
… Brought to Riblah before Nebuchadnezzar, the unhappy father saw all his sons slaughtered in his presence (II Kings 25:2-4); after which the Chaldean king had his eyes put out and sent him in chains to Babylon (ibid. 25:6-7), where he died in prison. …
25:4
In II Kings 21:18, 26, where the passage moves from the "garden of O.," perhaps located in the Kidron valley (cf. ibid. 25:4; Neh. 3:15), the most probable reading would be "Uzziah" or "Azariah" (cf. ibid. 15:1, 13), king of Judah (769-738 B.C.).
25:5
Jericho (Hebrew Yērīkō, Arabic Eriha)
… foretold by Joshua (I Kings 16, 34). In the Israelite city a school of prophets flourished, often visited by Elijah and Elisha (II Kings 2, 1-22). After the population had been deported and the city plundered at the time of the Assyrian invasion (II Kings 25, 5; Jer. 39, 5; 52, 8), it prospered again after the exile and its inhabitants contributed to the rebuilding of Jerusalem (Ezra 2, 34; Neh. 7, 35).
25:6
Sedecias (Heb. Sidhāyijāhā "Justice of Jahweh")
… Brought to Riblah before Nebuchadnezzar, the unhappy father saw all his sons slaughtered in his presence (II Kings 25:2-4); after which the Chaldean king had his eyes put out and sent him in chains to Babylon (ibid. 25:6-7), where he died in prison. …
25:7
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… free from the dominion of Israel, until the present), in the insistence on the promises of an uninterrupted succession for the dynasty of David, too much in contrast with the fall of the kingdom of Judah and the fate that befell Zedekiah and his family (II Reg. 25, 7).
25:8
… After the exile the fast of the 5th month was observed (Zach. 7, 2, 5; 8, 19) for the destruction of the Temple (II Reg. 25, 8; Ier. 52, 12), on the 9th day of 'a.
Sedecias (Heb. Sidhāyijāhā "Justice of Jahweh")
… Thus the Kingdom of Judah came to a tragic end: the Temple was burned, the whole country devastated (ibid. 25:8-21).
25:13
… The Chaldeans, having captured Jerusalem, cut the Molten Sea to pieces and carried the metal off to Babylon (2 Kings 25:13).
25:16
… But from 2 Kings 25:16 (cf. Jer. 52:24) it appears that this office was still held by his father Seraiah, who was in fact deported in 587-586. Therefore in all probability J. was deported together with …
25:18
2. High priest at the end of the kingdom of Judah, taken prisoner to Babylon (2 Kings 25:18).
Sophonias (Heb. Şēphanjāh "Yahweh Protects")
… a Levite, ancestor of the musician Heman (1 Chron. 6:21 [Vulg. 36]); a high priest, before whom Jeremiah was denounced as a false prophet (Jer. 21:1; 29:25, 29; 37:3), who was later deported and killed after the capture of Jerusalem (ibid. 52:24 ff.; 2 Kings 25:18 ff.); a citizen of Jerusalem (Zech. 6:10, 14).
A "red heifer, without blemish, without any defect, which had never borne the yoke" (Num. 19:2) was to be led to Aaron and, in the presence of Eleazar, son of Aaron (in which fact one should see an ancient precedent for the existence, attested later [2 Kings 23:4; 25:18], of a substitute for the high priest), slaughtered outside the camp; with its blood seven sprinklings were to be made in the direction of the "tent of meeting"; then the animal was …
25:22
… difficult work of social reconstruction, Ishmael, instigated by the anti-Babylonian faction and supported by the king of the Ammonites, treacherously killed him in his residence at Mizpah, managing afterward to flee and take refuge with the Ammonites (II Kings 25:22-26; Jer. 40-41). Gaetano Stano
25:23
Jezonias (Hebrew Ja'āzāujah and Jēzaujāh [ā] "Yahweh Has Heard")
… He was the son of a Maachathite, perhaps so called from the name of his village or from that of a famous ancestor (cf. 1 Chron. 2, 48; 4, 19). J. had to go to Egypt with the fugitive group after the assassination of Gedaliah (2 Kings 25, 23-26; Jer. 40, 8); but in Jer. 42, 1, where J. appears as the chief promoter of that resolution, "Azariah" should rather be read.
Johanan (HEB. JĒHĀHĀNĀN AND JĀHĀNĀN "JAHWEH IS GRACIOUS")
… Fearing the Chaldeans, however, he fled with the survivors to Egypt, dragging along with him Jeremiah, who advised them to remain (2 Kings 25:23 ff.; Jer. 40-43).
Jonathan (Heb. Jēhōnāthān and Jōnāthān; Vulgate I. and Ionathas)
… 27:23). 8. Levite in the time of Jehoshaphat (II Chron. 17:8). 9. Scribe under King Zedekiah; Jeremiah was imprisoned in his house (Jer. 37:15-20; 38:26). In Jer. 40:8 there is a J. as military leader, probably due to a copyist's error; he is missing in II Kings 25:23, in the Greek and in the Targum. 10. Jew of the stock of Jerahmeel (I Chron. 2:32 ff.). 11. Head of a family among those returning from Babylon (Ezra 8:6). 12. Companion of Ezra (Ezra …
Maspha (Heb. Mīspāh "Watchtower")
… of other assemblies (1 Sam. 7:5-14; 10:17). It was fortified by Asa as a defense against the northern tribes (1 Kings 15:22; 2 Chron. 16:6). After the destruction of Jerusalem, Gedaliah established his residence there in the name of the Babylonians (2 Kings 25:23-25), and several Jews came to live there, among them Jeremiah (Jer. 40:6-16; 41:1-16), who met their death and whose bodies were thrown into the pool built by Asa. Repopulated by Jews …
Nathania (Hebrew: Netanyah and Netanyahu = «Gift of Yahweh»)
NATHANIA (Hebrew: Netanyah and Netanyahu = «Gift of Yahweh»). - Name of five Israelites. 1. Son of Elishama (Jer. 41:1) and father of Ishmael, the slayer of Gedaliah (II Kings 25:23, 25; Jer. 40:8, 14 ff.; 41:1-18); he was of the royal family, of the tribe of Judah. 2. Son of Shealtiel, one of the ancestors of Judith (Judith 8:1, Vulgate); in the Septuagint he is …
5. Chief of military bands, who joined Gedaliah at Mizpah (Jer. 40:8; 2 Kings 25:23).
25:25
… Therefore they rejoiced at the misfortunes of Israel (Zeph. 2:8) and at the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (Jer. 9:24 ff.; Ezek. 21:33-37; 25:1-7), indeed they cooperated in it under Jehoiakim (2 Kings 24:2), and their king Baalis had Gedaliah (v.; ibid. 25:25 and Jer. 40:14-41:2) put to death; they realized their ancient dream by occupying the territory of Gad (Jer. 49:1). On the return of the Jews from exile, they joined the Samaritans …
Elisama (Heb. 'Elīlāmā' "God Hears")
6. The grandfather of Ishmael, the slayer of Gedaliah (Jer. 41:1; II Kings 25:25), was of royal stock; some identify him with E. no. 2.
Godolias (Hebrew Gédhaljâh[â] « Greatness of Jahweh »)
… nationalists, aided by the king of the Ammonites, hatched a conspiracy against G. Although warned in time, he refused to take rigorous precautions and therefore fell victim to the assassination carried out by a certain Ishmael, son of Nethaniah (Jer. 41:2; 2 Kings 25:25). Angelo Penna
25:27
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… The captive king Jehoiachin himself, whose head Evilmerodach "lifts up" (II Reg. 25, 27), acquires almost the value of a symbol and a pledge for the future of the deported people. …
… His successors were rather weak kings; Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach of 2 Kings 25:27 ff.; Jer. 52:31), Neriglissar (Nergal-šar-uṣur) and Labāši-Marduk reigned for a few years, from 561 to 556. In 555 B.C. the priestly party succeeded in placing on the throne Nabonidus, …
Evilmerodach (Bab. Avril-Marduk «Servant of Marduk»; Sept. Εὐαγγελῶδεν)
… He was a table companion of E. until his death (II Kings 25:27-30; Jer. 52:31-34).
Nebuchadnezzar's successor, Evil-merodach, as soon as he ascended the throne (561 B.C.), "brought him out of prison, spoke kindly to him and set his seat higher than that of the other kings who were with him in Babylon"; indeed he welcomed him among his table companions (2 Kings 25:27 ff.). …
25:79
Scribe (Heb. Sôphêr, pl. Sôphêrîm; Gr. Γραμματεύς)
… Sôphêr, pl. Sôphêrîm; Gr. Γραμματεύς). - I. In the sense of "scribe, copyist, secretary" there were "scribes" in Israel from the age of David and throughout the royal period (II Sam. 8:17; etc.); there was also a military official of this name (II Kings 25:79; Jer. 52:25). But the "scribes" par excellence in the Bible are the members of one of the ruling classes of Judaism, which, alongside and in partial replacement of the priesthood …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.