The Samaritanes fearing the force of Iehu, choose no other king, but offer him their seruice: 6. and by his commandment kil the late kings seuentie sonnes. 12. Fourtie two brothers of Ochazias late king of Iuda are slaine. 15. Iehu making league with Ionadab, vtterly destroyeth Achabs house. 18. by a stratagem killeth al the worshippers of Baal, 26. burneth his statua, & turneth his temple into a iakes: 28. but maintaineth Ieroboams golden calues. 32, The Asyrians afflict Israel. 34. Iehu dieth, and his sonne Ioachaz reigneth.
1And Achab had seventy sons in Samaria: so Jehu wrote letters, and sent to Samaria, to the chief men of the city, and to the ancients, and to them that brought up Achab’s children, saying:Or Achab avea settanta figliuoli in Samaria. Jehu pertanto scrisse lettere a Samaria ai magnati della città, e ai seniori, e a que', che educavano i figliuoli di Achab, nelle quali diceva:AND Achab had seuentie sonnes in Samaria: Iehu therfore wrote letters, and sent into Samaria to the chiefe of the citie, and to the ancientes, and to them that brought vp Achabs children, saying:Erant autem Achab septuaginta filii in Samaria: scripsit ergo Jehu litteras, et misit in Samariam, ad optimates civitatis, et ad majores natu, et ad nutritios Achab, dicens: 2As soon as you receive these letters, ye that have your master’s sons, and chariots, and horses, and fenced cities, and armour,Subito che avrete ricevuta questa lettera voi, che avete nelle mani i figliuoli del signor vostro, e i cocchi, e i cavalline le città forti, e le armi.As sowne as you shal receiue these letters, ye that haue your maisters sonnes, and chariotes, and horses, and fensed cities, and armour,Statim ut acceperitis litteras has, qui habetis filios domini vestri, et currus, et equos, et civitates firmas, et arma, 3Choose the best, and him that shall please you most of your master’s sons, and set him on his father’s throne, and fight for the house of your master.Scegliete il migliore, e quello, che più a voi piacerà tra i figliuoli del signor vostro, e collocatelo sul trono del padre suo, e combattete per la famiglia del signor vostro.choose the better, and him that shal please you of your maisters sonnes, and set him vpon his fathers throne, and fight for the house of your lord.eligite meliorem, et eum qui vobis placuerit de filiis domini vestri, et eum ponite super solium patris sui, et pugnate pro domo domini vestri. 4But they were exceedingly afraid, and said: Behold two kings could not stand before him, and how shall we be able to resist?Coloro ebbero gran paura, e dissero: Ecco, che non han potuto resistere a lui due re, e come potremo resistere noi?They were sore afrayd, and sayd: Behold two kinges could not stand before him, and how shal we be able to resist?Timuerunt illi vehementer, et dixerunt: Ecce duo reges non potuerunt stare coram eo, et quomodo nos valebimus resistere ? 5Therefore they that were over the king’s house, and the rulers of the city, and the ancients, and the bringers up of the children, sent to Jehu, saying: We are thy servants: whatsoever thou shalt command us we will do; we will not make us any king: do thou all that pleaseth thee.Per la qual cosa i maggiordomi, e i prefetti delle città, e i seniori, e gli aj mandarono a dire a Jehu: Noi siamo tuoi servi; faremo tutto quello, che tu ordinerai, e non ci eleggeremo un re: fa tutto quel, che ti piace.The ouerseers therfore of the house, and the rulers of the citie, and the ancientes, and the tutors sent to Iehu, saying: We are thy seruantes, whatsoeuer thou shalt command we wil doe, neither wil we make vs a king: Doe thou whatsoeuer pleaseth thee.Miserunt ergo præpositi domus, et præfecti civitatis, et majores natu, et nutritii, ad Jehu, dicentes: Servi tui sumus: quæcumque jusseris faciemus, nec constituemus nobis regem: quæcumque tibi placent, fac.
6And he wrote letters the second time to them, saying: If you be mine, and will obey me, take the heads of the sons of your master, and come to me to Jezrahel by tomorrow at this time. Now the king’s sons, being seventy men, were brought up with the chief men of the city.Ed egli scrisse loro un'altra lettera, in cui diceva: Se voi siete miei, e ubbidite a me, prendete le teste de' figliuoli del signor vostro, e venite a trovarmi domane a quest'ora stessa in Jezrael. Or i figliuoli del re in numero di settanta erano allevati nelle case de' magnati della città.And he wrote letters to them agayne, the second tyme, saying: If you be mine, and obey me, take the heades of your maisters sonnes, and come to me this verie houre to morow into Iezrahel. Moreouer the kinges sonnes, seuentie men were brought vp with the chiefe of the citie.Rescripsit autem eis litteras secundo, dicens: Si mei estis, et obeditis mihi, tollite capita filiorum domini vestri, et venite ad me hac eadem hora cras in Jezrahel. Porro filii regis, septuaginta viri, apud optimates civitates nutriebantur. 7And when the letters came to them, they took the king’s sons, and slew seventy persons, and put their heads in baskets, and sent them to him to Jezrahel.E ricevuta che ebbero questi la lettera, presero i settanta uomini figliuoli del re, e gli uccisero, e posero le loro teste in cestini, e le mandarono a lui in Jezrael.And when the letters were come to them, they tooke the kinges sonnes, and slew seuentie men, and put their heades in baskets, and sent them to him into Iezrahel.Cumque venissent litteras ad eos, tulerunt filios regis, et occiderunt septuaginta viros, et posuerunt capita eorum in cophinis, et miserunt ad eum in Jezrahel. 8And a messenger came, and told him, saying: They have brought the heads of the king’s sons. And he said: Lay ye them in two heaps by the entering in of the gate until the morning.E arrivò un messo, e portogli tal nuova, dicendo: Hanno portate le teste de' figliuoli del re. Ed ei rispose: Mettetele in due mucchi vicino all'entrar della porta per fino a domattina.And a messenger came. & told him, saying: They haue brought the heades of the kinges sonnes. Who answered: Lay them in two heapes by the entrance of the gate vntil morning.Venit autem nuntius, et indicavit ei, dicens: Attulerunt capita filiorum regis. Qui respondit: Ponite ea ad duos acervos juxta introitum portæ usque mane. 9And when it was light, he went out, and standing, said to all the people: You are just: if I conspired against my master, and slew him; who hath slain all these?E fattosi giorno, egli uscì fuora, e fermatosi disse a tutto il popolo: Voi siete giusti: se io congiurai contro il signor mio, e lo uccisi, chi ha uccisi costoro?And when it was light, he went forth, and standing sayd to al the people: You are iust: If I haue conspired agaynst my maister, and haue slayne him, who hath strooken al these?Cumque diluxisset, egressus est, et stans dixit ad omnem populum: Justi estis: si ego conjuravi contra dominum meum et interfeci eum, quis percussit omnes hos ?
10See therefore now that there hath not fallen to the ground any of the words of the Lord, which the Lord spoke concerning the house of Achab, and the Lord hath done that which he spoke in the hand of his servant Elias.Adesso adunque riflettete, come non è caduta per terra una parola di quello, che il Signore disse intorno alla casa di Achab, e come il Signore ha fatto quello, che predisse per mezzo di Elia suo servo.See therfore now there hath not fallen of the wordes of our Lord on the ground, which our Lord spake vpon the house of Achab, and our Lord hath done that which he spake in the hand of his seruant Elias.videte ergo nunc quoniam non cecidit de sermonibus Domini in terram, quos locutus est Dominus super domum Achab: et Dominus fecit quod locutus est in manu servi sui Eliæ. 11So Jehu slew all that were left of the house of Achab in Jezrahel, and all his chief men, and his friends, and his priests, till there were no remains left of him.Jehu allora fece morire tutti quelli della famiglia di Achab, che restavano in Jezrael, e tutti i suoi grandi, e i famigliari, e i sacerdoti fino che ne restò anima.Iehu therfore smote al that were leaft of the house of Achab in Iezrahel, and al his nobles, and familiars, and priestes, til there remayned no reliques of him.Percussit igitur Jehu omnes qui reliqui erant de domo Achab in Jezrahel, et universos optimates ejus, et notos, et sacerdotes, donec non remanerent ex eo reliquiæ. 12And he arose, and went to Samaria: and when he was come to the shepherds’ cabin in the way,E parti, e andò a Samaria: e arrivato che fu ad una capanna di pastori, che era sulla strada,And he arose, and came into Samaria: and when he was come to the cabbin of the shepeheardes in the way,Et surrexit, et venit in Samariam: cumque venisset ad Cameram pastorum in via, 13He met with the brethren of Ochozias, king of Juda, and he said to them: Who are you? And they answered: We are the brethren of Ochozias, and are come down to salute the sons of the king, and the sons of the queen.s'imbattè ne' fratelli di Ochozia re di Giuda, e disse loro: Chi siete voi? Ed ei risposero: Siam fratelli di Ochozia, e siamo venuti a salutare i figliuoli del re, e i figliuoli della regina.he found the brethren of Ochozias the king of Iuda, and he sayd to them: What are you? Who answered: We are the brethren of Ochozias, and are come downe to salute the kinges sonnes, and the queenessonnes.invenit fratres Ochoziæ regis Juda: dixitque ad eos: Quinam estis vos ? Qui responderunt: Fratres Ochoziæ sumus, et descendimus ad salutandos filios regis, et filios reginæ.
14And he said: Take them alive. And they took them alive, and killed them at the pit by the cabin, two and forty men, and he left not any of them.E Jehu diede quest'ordine: Prendeteli vivi. E quando furono presi vivi, gli scannarono sulla cisterna, che era presso alla capanna, in numero di quarantadue persone: e non ne lasciò in vita nissuno.Who sayd: Take them aliue. Whom when they had taken aliue, they killed them in a cesterne beside the cabbin, two and fourtie men, and he leaft not any of them.Qui ait: Comprehendite eos vivos. Quos cum comprehendissent vivos, jugulaverunt eos in cisterna juxta Cameram, quadraginta duos viros: et non reliquit ex eis quemquam. 15And when he was departed thence, he found Jonadab, the son of Rechab, coming to meet him, and he blessed him. And he said to him: Is thy heart right as my heart is with thy heart? And Jonadab said: It is. If it be, said he, give me thy hand. He gave him his hand. And he lifted him up to him into the chariot,E partitosi da quel luogo incontrò Jonadab figliuolo di Rechab, che venivagli incontro, e lo salutò, e gli disse: Il tuo cuore è egli retto verso di me, come il mio verso di te? E Jonadab disse: Così è. Se è così, Diss'egli, dammi la mano. E quegli porse a lui la mano. Ed ei lo fece salir nel suo cocchio:And when he was gone thence, he found Ionadab the sonne of Rechab coming to meete him, and he blessed him. And he sayd to him: Is thy hart right as my hart with thy hart? And Ionadab sayd: It is. If it be so, quoth he, g•ue me thy hand. Who gaue him his hand. But he lifted him vp to him into the chariote,Cumque abiisset inde, invenit Jonadab filium Rechab in occursum sibi, et benedixit ei. Et ait ad eum: Numquid est cor tuum rectum, sicut cor meum cum corde tuo ? Et ait Jonadab: Est. Si est, inquit, da manum tuam. Qui dedit ei manum suam. At ille levavit eum ad se in currum: 16And said to him: Come with me, and see my zeal for the Lord. So he made him ride in his chariot,E disse a lui: Vieni meco, e vedrai lo zelo, che io ho pel Signore. E fattolo salir sul suo cocchio,and sayd to him: Come with me, and see my zele for our Lord. And being sette in his chariote,dixitque ad eum: Veni mecum, et vide zelum meum pro Domino. Et impositum in curru suo 17And brought him into Samaria. And he slew all that were left of Achab, in Samaria, to a man, according to the word of the Lord which he spoke by Elias.Lo condusse in Samaria. E fece uccidere in Samaria que', che resta vano della casa di Achab tutti fino ad uno, secondo la parola pronunziata dal Signore per mezzo di Elia.he brought him into Samaria. And he stroke al that were leaft of Achab in Samaria, til there was not one, according to the word of our Lord, which he spake by Elias.duxit in Samariam. Et percussit omnes qui reliqui fuerant de Achab in Samaria usque ad unum, juxta verbum Domini quod locutus est per Eliam.
18And Jehu gathered together all the people, and said to them: Achab worshipped Baal a little, but I will worship him more.Allora Jehu radunò tutto il popolo, e disse loro: Achab rendette un po' di culto a Baal; ma io gli ne renderò di più.Iehu therfore assembled al the people, and sayd to them: Achab worshipped Baal a litle, but I wil worshipe him more.Congregavit ergo Jehu omnem populum, et dixit ad eos: Achab coluit Baal parum, ego autem colam eum amplius. 19Now therefore call to me all the prophets of Baal, and all his servants, and all his priests: let none be wanting, for I have a great sacrifice to offer to Baal: whosoever shall be wanting, shall not live. Now Jehu did this craftily, that he might destroy the worshippers of Baal.Or adunque convocate dinanzi a me tutti i profeti di Baal, e tutti i servi, e i sacerdoti di lui: nissuno manchi di venire; perocché io fo un sacrifizio grande a Baal: chi non verrà, non viverà. Ma Jehu faceva questo con frode, per isterminare gli adoratori di Baal.Now therfore cal to me al the prophetes of Baal, and al his seruantes, and al his priestes: let there be none but that he come, for I haue a great sacrifice to Baal: He that shal be wanting shal not liue. Moreouer Iehu did this craftely, that he might destroy the worshippers of Baal.Nunc igitur omnes prophetas Baal, et universos servos ejus, et cunctos sacerdotes ipsius vocate ad me: nullus sit qui non veniat: sacrificium enim grande est mihi Baal: quicumque defuerit, non vivet. Porro Jehu faciebat hoc insidiose, ut disperderet cultores Baal. 20And he said: Proclaim a festival for Baal. And he called,Ed egli disse: Si santifichi il dì solenne di Baal. E mandò a far l'invito per tutte le regioni d'Israele:And he sayd: Sanctifie a solemne day to Baal. And he calledEt dixit: Sanctificate diem solemnem Baal. Vocavitque, 21And he sent into all the borders of Israel; and all the servants of Baal came: there was not one left that did not come. And they went into the temple of Baal: and the house of Baal was filled, from one end to the other.E vennero tutti i servi di Baal e neppur uno vi fu, che mancasse dì venire: ed entraron nel tempio di Baal, e la casa di Baal ne fu ripiena da un lato all'altro.and sent into al the borders of Israel, and al the seruantes of Baal came: there was leaft not one that came not. And they entered into the remple of Baal: and the house of Baal was filled, from one end to the other.et misit in universos terminos Israël, et venerunt cuncti servi Baal: non fuit residuus ne unus quidem qui non veniret. Et ingressi sunt templum Baal: et repleta est domus Baal, a summo usque ad summum.
22And he said to them that were over the wardrobe: Bring forth garments for all the servants of Baal. And they brought them forth garments.E disse a quelli, che avean in custodia le vestimenta: Mettete fuori le vesti per tutti i servi di Baal. E quelli le miser fuora.And he sayd to them that were ouer the garmentes: Bring forth garmentes for al the seruantes of Baal. And they brought them forth garmentes.Dixitque his qui erant super vestes: Proferte vestimenta universis servis Baal. Et protulerunt eis vestes. 23And Jehu, and Jonadab, the son of Rechab, went to the temple of Baal, and said to the worshippers of Baal: Search, and see that there be not any with you of the servants of the Lord, but that there be the servants of Baal only.E Jehu essendo entrato nel tempio di Baal con Jonadab figliuolo di Rechab, disse agli adoratori di Baal: Fate diligenza, e badate, che nissun sia tra voi de' servi del Signore, ma ci siano soli i servi di Baal.And Iehu going in, and Ionadab the sonne of Rechab into the temple of Baal, sayd to the worshippers of Baal: Search, and see le•t perhaps there be any with you of the seruantes of the Lord, but that there be the seruantes of Baal onlie.Ingressusque Jehu, et Jonadab filius Rechab, templum Baal, ait cultoribus Baal: Perquirite, et videte, ne quis forte vobiscum sit de servis Domini, sed ut sint servi Baal soli. 24And they went in to offer sacrifices and burnt offerings: but Jehu had prepared him fourscore men without, and said to them: If any of the men escape, whom I have brought into your hands, he that letteth him go, shall answer life for life.Quelli pertanto entrarono per offerir le vittime, e gli olocausti: ma Jehu teneva pronti al di fuori ottanta uomini, a' quali avea detto: Se uno lascerà fuggire chicchessia di questi uomini, i quali io do in vostro potere, egli pagherà colla sua vita la vita di quello.They therfore went in to make victimes and holocaustes: but Iehu had prepared him without fourescore men, and sayd to them: Whosoeuer shal escape of these men, whom I wil bring into your handes, his life shal be for the life of him.Ingressi sunt igitur ut facerent victimas et holocausta: Jehu autem præparaverat sibi foris octoginta viros, et dixerat eis: Quicumque fugerit de hominibus his, quos ego adduxero in manus vestras, anima ejus erit pro anima illius. 25And it came to pass, when the burnt offering was ended, that Jehu commanded his soldiers and captains, saying: Go in, and kill them: let none escape. And the soldiers and captains slew them with the edge of the sword, and cast them out: and they went into the city of the temple of Baal,Finito adunque che fu l'olocausto, Jehu diede l'ordine a' suoi soldati, ed ai capitani: Entrate dentro, e uccidete coloro, e nissuno abbia scampo. E i soldati, e i capitani li trucidarono, e gli stesero al suolo: e andarono alla città del tempio di Baal,And it came to passe, when the holo causte was ended, Iehu commanded his souldiars and captaynes: Goe in, and strike them, let none escape. And the souldiars and captaynes stroke them in the edge of the sword, and cast them forth: and they went into the citie of the temple of Baal,Factum est autem, cum completum esset holocaustum, præcepit Jehu militibus et ducibus suis: Ingredimini, et percutite eos: nullus evadat. Percusseruntque eos in ore gladii, et projecerunt milites et duces: et ierunt in civitatem templi Baal, 26And brought the statue out of Baal’s temple, and burnt it,E portaron fuora del tempio la statua di Baal, e la bruciarono, e la ridussero in cenere,and brought forth the statue out of Baals temple, and burnt it,et protulerunt statuam de fano Baal, et combusserunt, 27And broke it in pieces. They destroyed also the temple of Baal, and made a jakes in its place unto this day.E distrussero anche il tempio di Baal, e vi fecero delle latrine, che vi son anche oggidì.and brake it in peeces. They destroyed also the temple of Baal, and made a iakes for it vntil this day.et comminuerunt eam. Destruxerunt quoque ædem Baal, et fecerunt pro ea latrinas usque in diem hanc.
28So Jehu destroyed Baal out of Israel:Così Jehu sterminò Baal dal paese d'Israele:Iehu therfore destroyed Baal out of Israel:Delevit itaque Jehu Baal de Israël: 29But yet he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam, the son of Nabat, who made Israel to sin, nor did he forsake the golden calves that were in Bethel, and Dan.Egli però non si allontanò dai peccati di Jeroboam figliuolo di Nabath, il quale indusse Israele a peccare; e non abbandonò i vitelli d'oro, che erano a Bethel, e a Dan.but yet from the sinnes of Ieroboam the sonne of Nabat, who made Israel to sinne, he departed not, neither forsooke he the golden calues, that were in Bethel, and Dan.verumtamen a peccatis Jeroboam filii Nabat, qui peccare fecit Israël, non recessit, nec dereliquit vitulos aureos qui erant in Bethel et in Dan. 30And the Lord said to Jehu: because thou hast diligently executed that which was right and pleasing in my eyes, and hast done to the house of Achab according to all that was in my heart: thy children shall sit upon the throne of Israel to the fourth generation.Or il Signore disse a Jehu: Perchè tu hai fatto puntualmente quello, che era giusto, e secondo il mio beneplacito, e hai eseguito quello, che io avea risoluto contro la casa di Achab, i tuoi figliuoli sederanno fino alla quarta generazione sul trono d'Israele.And our Lord sayd to Iehu: Because thou hast diligently done that which was right, and that pleased in mine eies, and hast done al thinges that were in my hart, against the house of Achab: thy children shal sitte vpon the throne of Israel to the fourth generation.Dixit autem Dominus ad Jehu: Quia studiose egisti quod rectum erat, et placebat in oculis meis, et omnia quæ erant in corde meo fecisti contra domum Achab: filii tui usque ad quartam generationem sedebunt super thronum Israël. 31But Jehu took no heed to walk in the law of the Lord, the God of Israel, with all his heart: for he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam, who had made Israel to sin.Ma Jehu non ebbe premura di camminare con tutto il cuor suo nella legge del Signore Dio d'Israele; perocché non si dilungò dai peccati di Geroboam, il quale avea indotto Israele a peccare.Moreouer Iehu obserued not to walke in the law of our Lord the God of Israel in al his hart: for he departed not from the sinnes of Ieroboam, who had made Israel to sinne.Porro Jehu non custodivit ut ambularet in lege Domini Dei Israël in toto corde suo: non enim recessit a peccatis Jeroboam, qui peccare fecerat Israël. 32In those days the Lord began to be weary of Israel: and Hazael ravaged them in all the coasts of Israel,In quel tempo il Signore cominciò a prendere in aversione Israele; e Hazaele li trucidava da ogni parte de' confini d'Israele.In those daies our Lord began to be wearie of Israel: and Hazael smote them in al the costes of Israel,In diebus illis cœpit Dominus tædere super Israël: percussitque eos Hazaël in universis finibus Israël, 33From the Jordan eastward, all the land of Galaad, and Gad, and Ruben, and Manasses, from Aroer, which is upon the torrent Arnon, and Galaad, and Basan.Di là dal Giordano a levante (egli devastò) tutta la terra di Galaad, e di Gad, e di Ruben, e di Manasse, da Aroer, che è sul torrente Arnon, e Galaad, e Basan.from Iordan agaynst the East quarter, al the land of Galaad, and Gad, and Ruben, and Manasses, from Aroer, which is vpon the Torrent Arnon, and Galaad, and Basan.a Jordane contra orientalem plagam, omnem terram Galaad, et Gad, et Ruben, et Manasse, ab Aroër, quæ est super torrentem Arnon, et Galaad, et Basan.
34But the rest of the acts of Jehu, and all that he did, and his strength, are they not written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Israel?Il rimanente poi delle azioni di Jehu, e tutto quello, ch'egli operò, e com'ei fu valoroso, tutte queste cose non son elleno scritte nel giornale de' fatti dei re d'Israele?But the rest of the wordes of Iehu, & al that he did, and his strength, are not these thinges writen in the Booke of the wordes of the dayes of the kinges of Israel?Reliqua autem verborum Jehu, et universa quæ fecit, et fortitudo ejus, nonne hæc scripta sunt in libro verborum dierum regum Israël ? 35And Jehu slept with his fathers, and they buried him in Samaria: and Joachaz, his son, reigned in his stead.E Jehu si addormentò co' padri suoi, e lo seppellirono in Samaria, e Joachaz suo figliuolo gli succedette nel regno.And Iehu slept with his fathers, and they buried him in Samaria: and Ioachaz his sonne reigned for him.Et dormivit Jehu cum patribus suis, sepelieruntque eum in Samaria: et regnavit Joachaz filius ejus pro eo. 36And the time that Jehu reigned over Israel, in Samaria, was eight and twenty years.E il tempo, che Jehu regnò sopra Israele in Samaria, fu di anni ventotto.And the dayes which Iehu reigned ouer Israel, be eight and twentie yeares in Samaria.Dies autem quos regnavit Jehu super Israël, viginti et octo anni sunt in Samaria.
10:1
Year of the World 3120, Year before Christ 884.
Du Hamel
Grand-children might also be included. (Du Hamel)
Calmet
But this is not necessary. (Calmet)
City, Hebrew, "of Jezrahel," a word which has probably been substituted instead of "Israel," which is more conformable to the Septuagint and Vulgate. Those who adhere to the Hebrew pretend that the princes had all fled from Jezrahel.
Children. This is the sense generally given to Nutritios Achab, which literally signifies, "nursing-fathers (preceptors, counsellors, etc.) of Achab," ver. 5. The king's children were perhaps educated in the most noble families, (ver. 6.) and in the best cities, 2 Paralipomenon 11:23. Isaias (xlix. 23.) foretelling the happiness of the Israelites after the captivity, says, that kings and queens will nurse them.
10:3
Calmet
Master. Jehu would lead them into a snare, and insultingly challenges them to battle, shewing how little he feared their power. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
He speaks ironically. (Du Hamel)
10:8
Calmet
Morning, that all the people might see them. (Calmet)
Menochius
Jehu did not choose to admit the Samaritans into the city during the night. (Menochius)
10:9
Du Hamel
Just executioners of the divine wrath. (Du Hamel)
Menochius
You know what is right. (Menochius)
Haydock
You are now in the same predicament with myself. (Haydock)
Menochius
All the chief men had thus rendered themselves odious to the people, who could not choose them for leaders. He captiously infers, from his astonishing success, (Calmet) that his conduct is pleasing to God. (Menochius)
Haydock
All the people seeing that so many had armed (Tirinus) against the house of Achab, might conclude that what they did was just. (Haydock)
10:11
Chief men, probably including those perfidious wretches, who had so basely betrayed their trust, and slain the 70 sons of Achab, "the nobles of the kingdom, his kinsmen, and friends." (Chaldean; Arabic)
Friends. Some copies of the Septuagint have connoisseurs, or magicians, Leviticus 19:31.
Menochius
Priests, princes of the court (2 Kings 8:18.) and those who offered sacrifice to idols, (Calmet) being of Achab's descendants. (Menochius)
Haydock
He afterwards inveigled all the priests of Baal, to their entire ruin, ver. 19. (Haydock)
10:12
Menochius
Cabin. Hebrew Beth-heked, (Haydock) a term which the Septuagint do not translate. It means, "house of tying," as the sheep were tied to be shorn. (Menochius)
Calmet
Eusebius places it in the great plain, 15 miles from Legion. (Calmet)
10:13
Menochius
Brethren. The Arabs had destroyed all his brothers by the same mother; (2 Paralipomenon 22:1.) but these were near relations, and they durst not deny the fact. (Menochius)
Calmet
In 2 Paralipomenon 22:8., they are styled princes of Juda, and sons of the brethren of Ochozias. Jehu must have used surprising diligence (Calmet) and secrecy (Haydock) to prevent the many important transactions and changes which had lately taken place from being known at Jerusalem, or even at Beth-heked, ver. 12., which was so little distant from Samaria. (Calmet)
10:14
Haydock
Alive. That they might not attempt to defend themselves, (Menochius) as they might hope that Jehu would, at least, spare their lives. (Haydock)
Tirinus
Of them, as they were in some degree related to Achab, (Menochius) or might endeavour to obstruct his dominion. (Tirinus)
10:15
Calmet
Jonadab, a holy personage, Jeremias 35:6. The Rechabites were a sort of religious, descended from Jethro and the Cinites. (Calmet)
Tirinus
They dwelt in the country, and fed sheep, etc., Numbers 10:29. (Tirinus)
Menochius
John of Jerus.[Jerusalem?] (c. 25.) says that Jonadab was a disciple of Eliseus, and followed his institute in all things, except continency. (Menochius)
Menochius
Blessed him, wishing his peace and prosperity. (Menochius)
Haydock
It is not clear whether Jehu or Jonadab pronounced this blessing. (Haydock)
Heart. Art thou friendly to my cause?
Calmet
Thy hand, in sign of concord, and to help him up into his chariot. (Calmet)
Menochius
It was of great consequence to obtain the approbation of a man (Haydock) who must have been so revered by the people. (Menochius)
Haydock
Jehu acted with the utmost policy. (Haydock)
10:18
Worthington
I will worship him more. Jehu sinned in thus pretending to worship Baal, and causing sacrifices to be offered to him: because evil in not to be done, that good may come of it, Romans 3:8. (Challoner) (Worthington)
Tirinus
St. Jerome, etc., excuse him from mortal sin, as his intention was good. (Tirinus)
Calmet
If he had not thus dissembled, he could not have so effectually destroyed the adorers of Baal, who would have concealed themselves. But God rewarded his zeal, and not his falsehood. (Calmet)
Menochius
He might speak ironically; though Theodoret, etc., admit a lie. (Menochius)
10:19
Menochius
Servants. The number had greatly decreased under Joram. (Menochius)
10:20
Proclaim. Literally, "sanctify (Hebrew) a prohibition" to work, or to be absent, (Calmet) "and they proclaimed it."
10:21
Calmet
Other. Literally, "from top to top." Hebrew, "from mouth to mouth," (Haydock) like a vessel brimfull. (Calmet)
Menochius
Every corner was filled. All the priests and prophets made their appearance, through zeal to re-establish the honour of their idol, and for fear of death. (Menochius)
10:22
Wardrobe, of vestments used in the service of Baal. The worship chiefly consisted in such outward pomp. The priests were probably adorned like those at the pillars of Hercules, who were from the same country. Sil. Ital. iii., velantur corpora lino, etc.
10:24
Haydock
Life. These 80 were stationed at the doors, while the rest slaughtered the unhappy idolaters, (Menochius) who were all by themselves, like the reprobate separated from the elect, at the last day. (Haydock)
10:25
Soldiers. Hebrew, "runners, (or foot-guards, 3 Kings 1:5,) and chief officers," Exodus 14:7.
Osiander
Out. Hebrew, "cast out" their carcasses, or "rushed out (themselves) into the city," which was styled "the temple of Baal;" or "penetrated into the fortress" and inmost recesses of that structure. (Osiander.)
Haydock
We read of such a fortress, Judges 9:46. (Haydock)
Salien
In every city where there was a temple of Baal, the fabric and idols were demolished. (Salien)
10:27
Haydock
A jakes, or necessary [latrine]. (Haydock)
See 1 Esdras 6:11., and Daniel 2:5.
10:29
Dan. This wicked policy, which was designed to prevent his subjects from submitting again to the kings of Juda, proved his ruin.
10:30
Calmet
Generation. So Joachaz, Joas, Jeroboam II, and Zacharias, succeeded to the throne. This small temporal reward he obtained for the little good which he had done; while, on the other hand, he was punished for his manifold transgressions. Osee 1:4, reproaches him even for the blood which he had spilt in Jezrahel; for, though Achab and Joram were guilty, was Jehu innocent? Can this murder of Ochozias be justified? (Calmet)
Worthington
"What advantage was it to him that he received some little transitory reward of a temporal kingdom, for his obedience in exterminating the house of Achab; which he indeed exhibited to gratify his own lust of dominion?" (St Augustine, contra mend. 2:c. 2.) This holy doctor observes, that moral good works are thus rewarded. (Worthington)
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10:33
10:18
10:15
This Ionadab instituted a peculiar rule of religious abstinence: which his posterity duly ob. serued. I•••m. 35.
10:18
Iehu sinned in feaning, and causing others to sacrifice to Baal, his zele wanting both diseretion and equitie for euil must not be done that good may come therof. Rom. 3.
10:30
•oral good vvorkes done in state of mortal sinne not meriting eternal life, a•e often rewarded temporally. S. Aug. cont. •en•. c. 2.
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san Girolamo † 420 d.C. The Letters of St. Jerome 58.5
… This is probably what is meant by the title of the seventy-first psalm: “of the sons of Jonadab and of those who were first led into captivity.” The person intended is Jonadab the son of Rechab who is described in the book of Kings
10:31
sant'Agostino d'Ippona † 430 d.C. Against Lying 3
… As for that Jehu, by an impious lie and a sacrilegious sacrifice making inquisition for impious and sacrilegious men for to kill them, they would not imitate him, no, not though the Scripture had said nothing concerning him, what manner of man he was. But, seeing it is written that he had not his heart right with God;
10:1
Erant autem Achab septuaginta filii, — non ex sola Jezabele, sed ex aliis multis uxoribus ab eo procreati. Ad nutritios Achab, — id est ut Septuaginta, ad nutritiis filiorum Achab, scilicet ad primates, qui septuaginta filios Achab enutrierant.
10:4
4. Ecce duo reges (Joram rex Israel, et Ochozias rex Juda, utrumque enim occidit Jehu) non potuerunt stare coram eo, — id est resistere illi, unde sequitur: Et quomodo nos (privati et plebeii) valebimus resistere?
10:5
5. Miserunt ergo præpositi domus, — qui scilicet præerant palatio regio, quod Amri ædificarat in Samaria, in quo habitarat Achab, ejusque filius Joram, occisus a Jehu.
10:7
7. Occiderunt septuaginta viros. — Non peccavit Jehu jubendo occidi septuaginta filios Achab, quia id fecit jussu Dei, qui summus vitæ tam nocentum quam innocentum est Dominus, eo quod essent filii nocentis Achab, cujus utpote nequissimi semen omne, omnemque stirpem funditus delere volebat Dominus: verisimile enim est inter hos septuaginta aliquos fuisse minores et innocentes, nec idololatriæ Achab capaces vel participes. Peccarunt tamen Samaritæ, quod hoc mandatum Jehu de eis occidendis executi sint, non ut ministri judicis, sed timore Jehu, quem nesciebant esse regem a Deo electum, et ab Eliseo unctum, ideoque nesciebant eum esse Judicem Israelis, ac habere a Deo potestatem occidendi hos filios Achab. Forte etiam peccavit Jehu jubendo eis hoc facinus, si prius non satis eis probavit suam auctoritatem, et jus regni sibi a Deo datum, nisi ipsi illud aliunde facile scire potuerint. Ita Abulensis. Et posuerunt capita eorum in cophinis. — Apposite ad culpam Achab qui in cophinis collegerat uvas ex vinea Naboth a se occisi: idcirco igitur in pænam peccati filiorum ejus capita in cophinis deferuntur ad Jehu. In eo ergo punitur tum ipse, tum filii, in quo peccarant.
10:8
8. Ponite ea ad (Chaldaice in) duos acervos juxta introitum portæ usque mane, — ut totus populus ingrediens et exiens per portam, videat hoc justum Dei judicium contra domum Achab, itaque ab ejus idololatria et cultu Baal recedat.
10:9
9. Justi estis, — id est justam Dei vindictam implestis, licet inscii et non cogitantes. Cogitabant enim implere jussum Jehu de eis occidendis, non autem jussum Dei. Si ego conjuravi contra dominum meum (Joram regem Israel), et interfeci eum, quis percussit omnes hos? q. d. non ego, sed vos, esto meo jussu meique metu, q. d. Ex hac ultione patet manifeste vindicta Dei contra domum impiam Achab; quod scilicet Deus tam me quam vobis usus sit ad illam peragendam. Nam ego licet occiderim Joram, non tamen potuissem occidere septuaginta ejus fratres, nisi Deus immisisset vobis mei metum, ut me jubente eos occideratis. Alioqui enim potuissetis meo jussui resistere, aut vi, aut honesta excusatione, aut filios hos Achab, quos occidistis, abscondendo, vel alio amandando. Deus ergo vobis mentem eripuit, ne id faceretis, sed eos occideretis.
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11. Percussit igitur Jehu omnes qui reliqui erant de domo Achab. — «Omnes,» id est fere omnes, quia pauci iique fere pauperes, abjecti et imbelles fuere relicti. Remansere quoque fratres Ochoziæ regis Juda, prognati ex Athalia filia Achab, quos paulo post occidit vers. 14. Remansit quoque Joas qui Ochoziæ patri in regno Judæ successit. Simili modo dixit Scriptura nullum relinquendum ex domo Jeroboam, Baasa, Ela, etc., quia digniores omnes sublati, et pauci vilesque relicti fuere.
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13. Fratres Ochoziæ, — id est filii fratrum Ochoziæ, ut explicatur II Paral. cap. xxii, vers. 9; nam fratres Ochoziæ fuere occisi ab Arabibus, II Paral. cap. xxi, vers. 17. Descendimus ad salutandos filios regis, — scilicet Ochoziæ regis Israel, ejusque uxoris et reginæ.
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14. Jugulaverunt eos, — quasi posteros impii Achab, ex impia matre Athalia. Fecit id Jehu instinctu Dei, unde ait ad Jonadab: «Vide zelum meum pro Domino.» Ita Abulensis. Juxta Cameram — «pastorum,» ut dictum est vers. 12. Chaldaice, ad domum congregationis pastorum, Hebraice, ad domum ligationis, in qua scilicet oves ligabantur ad tondendum, q. d. in tonstrina ovium. Ita Pagninus. Forte tondebantur tum ibidem oves, ideoque de more læta instruebantur convivia, ad quæ invitati fuere hi filii fratrum Ochoziæ, ibique inter epulas occisi, uti in similibus occisus fuit Amnon a fratre suo Absalom, II Reg. xiii.
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15. Invenit Jonadab filium Rechab in occursum sibi. Et benedixit ei, — scilicet bene precatus est ei, salutavit eum dicendo more Hebræo: «pax tibi.» Hic «Jonadab» est ille qui laudatur, Jeremiæ cap. xxxv, vers. 6, ubi Jeremias propinans vinum Rechabitis, posteris et discipulis Jonadab, audit ab eis: «Non bibemus vinum, quia Jonadab filius Rechab pater noster præcepit nobis dicens: Non bibetis vinum vos, et filii vestri usque in sempiternum, et domum non ædificabitis, et sementem non seretis, et vineas non plantabitis, nec habebitis, sed in tabernaculis habitabitis cunctis diebus vestris, ut vivatis diebus multis super faciem terræ, in qua vos peregrinamini.» Joannes Jerosolymitanus, lib. De Institut. monach. cap. xxv, asserit hunc «Jonadab» fuisse Elisei discipulum, ejusque vitæ religiosæ vestigia, excepta continentia, sectatum esse cum suis filiis et nepotibus. Rechabitæ hi fuere Cinæi, posteri Jethro Madianitæ, soceri Mosis. Vide dicta Jeremiæ cap. xxxv, vers. 6. Numquid est cor tuum rectum sicut cor meum cum corde tuo, q. d. amasne me sincere et ex animo, sicut ego amo te. Hinc videtur Jehu ante regnum fuisse probus, utpote amicus et familiaris Jonadabo viro probo et religioso. Amicitia enim non coalescit inter probos et improbos, poscit enim sibi similes. Et impositum in curru suo duxit in Samariam, — ut auctoritatem sibi apud Samaritas nomenque probitatis conciliaret per Jonadabum sibi socium, quem omnes habebant pro viro integro et sancto, ut hac ratione facilius perageret cædem Baalitarum, quam moliebatur, nec aliquis resistere auderet.
10:18
18. Achab coluit Baal parum, ego autem colam eum amplius. — Mentitur Jehu, sed officiose, et ad bonum finem, ut omnes cultores Baal in unum colligat et mactet, quod Deus ei jusserat, quodque alia ratione perfici vix poterat. Unde ipse putabat hoc mendacium sibi esse licitum, imo necessarium, honestum et pium. Ita Theodoretus et Procopius. Licet enim hoc ejus mendacium ex genere suo esset perniciosum quia erat simulatio imo professio idololatriæ, ideoque scandalum publicum, uti docet S. Thomas, II II Quæst. CXI, art. 1, ad 2, Franciscus Suarez, tract. I De fide, disp. xiv, sect. 4, num. 9, Gregorius de Valentia, tract. De fide, disp. 1, Quæst. III, puncto 2, imo S. Augustinus, lib. Contra mendacium, cap. II, hoc Jehu mendacium vocat impium, ideoque eum non pro illa simulatione, sed pro obedientia, quia jussu Dei occidit posteros Achab, a Deo fuisse laudatum et remuneratum asserit, additque: «Visum est quibusdam catholicis Priscillianistas se debere simulare, ut eorum latebras penetrarent; quod ego prohibens, ait Augustinus, scripsi librum contra mendacium.» Tamen multa sunt quæ Jehu excusant, et hoc ejus mendacium potius officiosum quam perniciosum fuisse ostendant. Primum est, intentio loquentis, nimirum quod illud dixerit non serio, non enim intendebat colere Baal, sed ficte et simulate ut omnes cultores Baal in unum colligeret et collectos omnes quasi victimas divinæ justitiæ mactaret, ut Deus ei jusserat; quod alias facere nequivisset. Unde S. Hieronymus in cap. II epist. ad Galat., omnino excusat Jehu, docetque utilem esse simulationem et quandoque exhibendam, dummodo caveatur mendacium: «Utilem, ait Hieronymus, simulationem assumendam esse in tempore, Jehu regis nos docet exemplum.» Idem censet Abulensis, Cajetanus et alii, imo Adrianus in IV, Quæst. I De Baptismo, in resp. ad 5, ait licere celare fidem per professionem falsæ religionis, si justa subsit causa: quod tamen alii passim improbant et refellunt, ac merito. Secundum, quod simulatio et fictio hæc Jehu brevissimo tempore durarit; unde exiguum fuit scandalum: nam mox visuri erant universi animum loquentis plane contrarium: moram ergo modici temporis Jehu pro nihilo reputavit. Tertium, quod non jusserit vel exhortatus sit Baalitas ad sacrificandum Baal, sed tantum dixerit: «Ego colam eum amplius:» qua voce tantum intendit occasionem dare Baalitis, ut animum suum aperirent, et malitiam idololatriæ mente conclusam proderent, ut illam deinde ipse succideret. Sic medici dant pharmaca, quæ humores pravos commoveant, ut eos deinde emicantes expellant, itaque homini sanitatem restituant. Sic principes mittunt exploratores ad hostes, qui se eorum amicos simulent, ut eorum consilia resciscant, et principibus renuntient; uti fecit Chusai transfugiens ad Absalomem, ibique dissipans consilia Achitophelis, II Reg. cap. xv, vers. 14. Sic heri explorant fidem servorum et ancillarum, hinc inde ponendo nummos, ut videant an ipsi eos auferant et furentur, an vero fideliter ad herum referant. Hi ergo dant quidem occasionem furti; non tamen ad illud incitant vel invitant. Dices, Jehu implicite suo exemplo invitavit Baalitas ad sacrificandum Baal. Respondeo, Jehu non invitavit, sed occasionem tantum eis dedit sacrificandi (uti jam dixi de heris) quam sciebat illos arrepturos, idque permisit, ut quod ipsi quotidie faciebant privatim, hoc jam facerent publice, itaque se detegerent, ut ab eo puniri plectique possent. Satius enim erat unum actum sacrificii publicum permittere ad redimenda tot privata eorum sacrilegia. Satius erat sinere eos publica semel idola colere, quam privatim millies et millies, ut hac permissione idololatriam Baal funditus exscinderet. Quartum, quia magna tunc erat rerum et religionis perturbatio: alii enim colebant Baal, alii vitulos aureos, alii Melchom, alii Chamos, alii Deum verum: quare exiguum fuit hoc Jehu scandalum: quisque enim libere colebat quod volebat. Addunt nonnulli Jehu ambigue fuisse locutum, et per Baal intellexisse Deum verum: hic enim verus est «Baal,» id est omnium Dominus; aut potius per Baal intellexisse dæmonem, q. d. Achab coluit Baal, id est dæmonem, victimis animalium: ego amplius eum colam, sed materialiter tantum, victimis hominum, quia Baalitas mactabo et offeram illi non quasi Deo, sed quasi Dei archicarnifici, qui mere delectatur sanguine et morte hominum impiorum, ut animas eorum abripiat in tartara: magnum enim festum egit dæmon in mactatione idololatrarum, quam fecit Jehu, eosque quasi victimas suas lætissime acceptavit. Quintum, quia Jehu erat homo militaris; militari ergo sensu et astu hoc militare stratagema adinvenit, ad perdendos simul et semel omnes Baalitas, Dei æque ac suos hostes: quare non studerat casibus conscientiæ, sed quod zelus honoris Dei et militaris industria ad detegendos hostes, ut ex inopinato eos opprimeret, illi suggerebat, hoc bona fide peregit, idque præsente, juvante, et ut videtur probante Jonadab viro probo, prudente et religioso. Denique Jehu a Domino laudatus et remuneratus fuit vers. 30. Simili modo Constantius Imperator Constantini Magni pater, ut agnosceret quinam in familia sua essent veri et cordati Christiani, qui fictii vel timidi et inconstantes, edixit ut qui deos colere vellent, in aula manerent, pristinisque honoribus fruerentur; qui vero id facere nollent, aula excederent. Mox omnes eos qui se deos colere velle dicebant, aula ejecit; cæteros in ea retinuit, causamque dedit: «Quomodo, inquit, mihi fidi erunt, qui Deo perfidi fuerunt?» Ita refert Eusebius, lib. I De Vita Constantini, cap. ix et x, et Sozomenes, lib. I, cap. vi.
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19. Sacrificium enim grande est mihi Baal, — q. d. Volo grande et solemne sacrificium offerre Baal, ideoque volo Baalitas omnes esse præsentes. Hoc simulabat Jehu, sed vere intendebat ipsosmet Baalitas quasi victimas mactare Deo, eosque offerre dæmoni, quasi Dei carnifici, qui eorum utpote sui cultorum erat dominus et possessor, ideoque eos secum abrepturus erat in gehennam.
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20. Sanctificate diem solemnem Baal, — hoc est, indicite diem festum et sanctum, quo solemniter colamus Baal: sed vos, o Baalitæ, coletis eum formaliter victimis boum, ego vero eum colam materialiter duntaxat mactando et tradendo vos ipsos quasi victimas dæmoni, cui vosmetipsos dicastis, et quasi servos addixistis. Et vere solemne festum egit tum dæmon, cum tot idololatrarum quasi servorum suorum a Jehu cæsorum animas et corpora rapuit. Vocati ergo venerunt ad festum solemne non epuli, sed macelli sui. Sic diabolus in morte Lutheri indixit solemne festum dæmonibus sibi subditis, adeoque omnes circumquaque convocavit ad ejus animam cum triumpho deducendam ad tartara. Id fassi sunt dæmones, qui energumenos possidebant Geilæ, quæ civitas est in Brabantia inter Antverpiam et Lovanium, ubi sancta Dympna, virgo et martyr, a suo patre rege Hyberniæ pro virginitate occisa requiescit, et multis miraculis præsertim in energumenis a dæmone liberandis resplendet, uti oculis meis olim conspexi, cum sanctæ hujus virginis lipsana sacra visitarem. Geilæ, inquam, eo die quo mortuus est Lutherus, omnes energumeni a dæmonibus fuere liberi: sed postero die rursus ab iisdem possessi et exagitati. Rogati dæmones causam, dixere se pridie convocatos ad magni amici sui Martini Lutheri funus, illi interfuisse ac festum agitasse: principem enim ipsorum et archidæmonem præcepisse, ut universi spiritus maligni ad sui prophetæ et fidelis cooperarii Lutheri exequias confluerent: congruere enim ut qui quamplurimos ad inferos deduxisset, a quamplurimis ad eosdem solemniter deduceretur. Uti inter alios narrat Tilmanus Bredenbachius, lib. VII Collat. sacr. cap. xxxix, qui et addit innumerabilem corvorum horrendum in modum crocitantium copiam (erant illi dæmones) cadaver Lutheri supervolitasse, illudque Islebio Wittenbergam ad sepulcrum usque comitatam fuisse. Simile festum egerunt dæmones in morte Udonis Magdeburgensis præsulis, uti idem Bredenbachius, lib. VIII, cap. xiv, ex Nauclero, Fulgosio, P. Canisio, fuse enarrat.
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21. Et venerunt cuncti servi Baal. — «Servos» vocat devotos Baal, præsertim sacerdotes, ut patet vers. 19, unde et vers. seq. jussit eis dari vestes, scilicet sacerdotales et sacras: nec enim videntur omnes omnino, qui Baal adorabant, venisse, aut templo uno capi potuisse. Sic Actor. cap. xvii, vers. 4, «colentes» vocantur viri pii et religiosi Deum pie colentes. Abulensis tamen censet omnes omnino profitentes cultum Baal vocatos venisse ad diem solemnem Baal: licet enim tempore Achab fuerint illi in magno numero, tamen paulo post agente Josaphat rege pio, multi ex eis ad cultum unius veri Dei redierunt. Et repleta est domus Baal, a summo usque ad summum, — scilicet ab extremo in extremum. Septuaginta, et repleta est domus super os: Chaldæus, ex angulo in angulum.
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22. Proferte vestimenta universis servis Baal, — scilicet sacerdotalia vel sacra, qualibus utebantur Levitæ et Nathinæi, sive ministri sacerdotum: non ergo dedit eis vestes laicas in præmium. Hæc enim magna multis fuisset idololatriæ et peccati illecebra, ut pro vestibus se cultores Baal esse mentirentur. Addit Abulensis, Jehu eis victimas ad sacrificium suppeditasse et invitasse ac sacrificandum, idque sine culpa. Verum id dici nequit: invitare enim ad sacrificandum idolo, culpa est et scelus, quocumque fine id fiat. Suffecit ergo Jehu, quod eis paratos ad sacrificandum permitteret sacrificare.
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23. Sed ut sint servi Baal soli — «Nolle se dicens, ait Josephus, ut sacris eorum alienus ac promanus nullus se ingerat.» Prudenter id providit Jehu, ne quis innocens Deique cultor, sed soli nocentes Baalitæ mactarentur.
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24. Anima ejus erit pro anima illius. — «Interminatus, ait Josephus, quicumque aliquem eorum elabi permiserit, vicarium pro illo moriturum.»
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25. Factum est autem cum completum esset holocaustum. — Hebræus, Chaldæus et Septuaginta Romana habent in singulari: Cum consummasset, scilicet summus sacerdos Baal. Septuaginta Regia et Complutensia habent in plurali: Et factum est ut compleverunt facientes holocaustum: utrumque verum; plures enim in pluribus altaribus plura offerebant holocausta. Et projecerunt (cadavera eorum) milites et duces — Jehu.
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26. Et ierunt in civitatem templi Baal, et protulerunt statuam de fano Baal, et combusserunt — Videtur civitas quædam proprie fuisse dicata Baal, e cujus templo statuam Baal eduxerunt et combusserunt. Vatablus et Salianus per «civitatem» intelligunt civitates, ut sit enallage numeri, quasi dicat: Jussu missuque Jehu iverunt in quaslibet civitates Israel, ex eisque eduxerunt idola Baal et combusserunt; idque eos fecisse valde est probabile; nam ut sequitur: «Delevit itaque Jehu Baal de Israel:» quod non fecisset si in una tantum civitate eum delevisset. Denique posset esse hypallage: «Ierunt in civitatem templi,» id est ierunt in templum civitatis: templum enim hoc ab Achab in Samaria ædificatum erat vastum et amplum, habens varia domicilia annexa instar parvæ civitatis, quasi dicat: Postquam in templo cæsi sunt omnes et soli cultores Baal, Jehu cum suis ingressus est ipsum templum, ac statuam Baal eduxit et combussit. Unde Septuaginta Regia et Complutensia non habent vocem civitatem, sed tantum ierunt usque ad templum Baal, idque valde huic loco est appositum et congruum.
10:29
29. Verumtamen a peccatis (a vitulis aureis adorandis) Jeroboam, etc., non recessit. — Mira fuit hæc Jehu et cæterorum regum Israel vel cæcitas vel fatuitas, quod cum viderent se jussu Dei delere domos Achab, aliorumque regum ob idolorum culturam, ipsi tamen eadem si non numero, certe specie coluerint; ideoque eamdem Dei manum vindicem senserunt, ac cum posteris excisi sunt. Causa fuit politica, quod metuerent, ne si rediret populus ad Deum adorandum in Jerusalem, rediret pariter ad stirpem Davidis et reges regnantes in Juda. Sed vanus fuit hic eorum metus: Deum enim vadem habebant: ille enim promiserat, si se solum colerent, regnum eis fore stabile, et propagandum in posteros per multa sæcula.
10:30
30. Quia studiose egisti, etc., filii tui usque ad quartam generationem sedebunt super thronum Israel: — promisso Dei respondit eventus: nam Jehu regnavit 28 annis, huic successit filius Joachaz per 17 annos, huic filius Joas per sedecim, huic filius Jeroboam per 41, huic filius Zacharias per sex menses. Porro Hebræi censent prophetam hæc promittentem Jehu fuisse Jonam prophetam quartum e minoribus. Verum Jonas non floruit sub Jehu, sed sub Jeroboam abnepote Jehu. Quare melius Nicephorus in Chron. et Salianus censent prophetam hunc fuisse Eliseum, qui primitus unxerat Jehu in regem, ut dictum est cap. ix, vers. 1 et 2. Videtur Jehu statim post cæsos Baalitas et eversum Baal, hanc promissionem a Deo in præmium accepisse, licet Abulensis censeat id factum postquam Jehu cœpit colere vitulos, ideoque a Deo limitari hanc promissionem ad quartam generationem. Sed cultum vitulorum punivit mox Deus per Hazael regem Syriæ invadentem terram Israel, uti illico subditur: tunc ergo non præmii, sed punitionis fuit tempus. Denique contra idola et vitulos Jehu misit Deus prophetas, qui sua oracula et minas in eum, et Israelem illi in scelere applaudentem dictarent et scriberent; quorum primus fuit Osee, qui cœpit prophetare sub Jehu, vel paulo post Jehu. Unde cap. i, vers. 4, ait: «Adhuc modicum, et visitabo sanguinem Jezrahel super domum Jehu,» et cap. vii, vers. 1: «Cum sanare vellem Israel, revelata est iniquitas Ephraim,» puta Jehu et decem tribuum, quarum caput erat Ephraim. Causam subdit populi in idola pronitatem consuetudine firmatam, quæ Jehu idololatriam fovit et promovit, Unde cap. ult. vers. 3: «In malitia sua lætificaverunt regem, etc., quievit paululum civitas a commixtione fermenti, donec fermentaretur totum, etc. Quia applicaverunt quasi clibanum cor suum, cum insidiaretur eis.» Vide ibi dicta.
10:32
32. Percussitque eos Hazael in universis finibus Israel, — urbes cremando, juvenes occidendo, parvulos elidendo, prægnantes dissecando, uti eis prædixerat Eliseus, cap. viii, vers. 12.
10:8
IEZRAEL (« DIO SEMINA », ALLUSIONE ALLA FERTILITÀ DEL SUOLO)
IEZRAEL (« Dio semina », allusione alla fertilità del suolo). - Città del territorio di Issachar (Ios. 19, 18), munita di mura, torri e porte (II Reg. 9, 17; 10, 8) ai piedi del monte Gelboe e non lungi da Bethsan (I Sam. 31, 1, 10).
10:15
IONADAB (EBR. JĒHŌNĀDHĀBH E JŌNĀDHĀBH)
2. Figlio di Rechab, fedele jahwista, che Ichu volle con sé quando mosse alla distruzione della famiglia di Achab e dell'idolatria (II Reg. 10, 15 sg. 23). I. volle preservare i suoi discendenti dal deleterio infusso della civiltà cananea e prescrisse loro di restare seminomadi (Ier. 35).
10:18
BAAL (BA'AL = «SIGNORE, PADRONE, POSSESSORE»)
… L'energica reazione di Elia culminò con la sfida del Carmelo (I Reg. 16; 18,16-40). Promosso di nuovo da Ochozia, fu osteggiato da Ioram e sradicato da Iehu (I Reg. 22,54; II Reg. 3,2; 10, 18-28). Atalia l'introdusse anche in Gerusalemme, ma l'abolì Ioas (II Reg. 11, 18; II Par. 23,17). Rimesso in onore da Achaz e Manasse, fu combattuto da Ezechia e Giosia (II Reg. 18,4; 21,3; …
… jahwismo e si adoperò energicamente per sradicare il culto di Baal, che la politica sincretistica dei suoi predecessori aveva largamente favorito: radunati i sacerdoti di Baal con uno stratagemma nel loro tempio, li uccise tutti e demoli il santuario (II Reg. 10, 18-27). Non sembra però che in tutte queste repressioni I. fosse unicamente animato da zelo religioso; l'ambizione e la sete di vendetta vi ebbero una larga parte. …
… In essi sono ricordati 22 nomi di villaggi del territorio di Manasse e i nomi degli intendenti regi, e vi è frequente l'elemento Ba'al, che conferma i dati biblici riguardanti le condizioni religiose del Regno d'Israele dopo Omri (I Reg. 16, 31-33; II Reg. 10,18). Nell'angolo nord-ovest della cittadella, un'ampia vasca (10 x 5 m.), in parte scavata nella roccia ma tutta cementata, rappresenta forse
10:19
BAAL (BA'AL = «SIGNORE, PADRONE, POSSESSORE»)
… Tali riti, crudeli e impudicissimi, sono esecrati dalla Bibbia (I Reg. 18,19-25; II Reg. 10,19; Ier. 19,5; 32,35).
10:21
BAAL (BA'AL = «SIGNORE, PADRONE, POSSESSORE»)
B. era venerato sui terrazzi delle case (Ier. 32, 29; II Reg. 23,12), nei templi (I Reg. 16,32; II Reg. 10, 21-27; 11,18) e specialmente sui bāmōth (v. BĀMĀH); cf. Ier. 19,5; 32,35; I Reg. 18,20. Intorno alle are si erigevano gli ḥammānīm e si offrivano a B. anche vittime umane. …
10:26
… La Legge pertanto le proibiva (Lev. 26, 1; Deut. 16, 22). Si trovano tuttavia nelle bānāth o santuari in onore di Jahweh (I Reg. 14, 23; II Reg. 17, 10; 18, 4; 23, 14; II Par. 14, 2; 31, 1; Os. 3, 4; 10, 1 sg.; Mi. 5, 12); e anche in onore di Baal (II Reg. 3, 2; 10, 26 sg.). …
10:29
… Del resto anch'egli seguì le pratiche superstiziose dei suoi predecessori, adorando il vitello d'oro nei santuari scismatici di Bethel e Dan (II Reg. 10, 29). In ogni modo le sue crudeltà, di cui si conservò triste ricordo in Israele per quasi un secolo (Or. 1, 4), non possono essere affatto imputate ad Eliseo, che per comando del Signore …
10:30
ZACCARIA (EBR. ZÉHHARJÂH « JAHWEH SI È RICORDATO »)
… In II Reg. 14, 29; 15, 8-12 si ricorda solo la sua condotta idolatrica e si afferma che in Z. si adempì la profezia fatta a Jehu, cui era stata promessa una dinastia della durata di quattro generazioni (cf. ibid. 10, 30).
10:31
… Perciò il gesto di I. è severamente condannato nella S. Scrittura come «un incentivo di peccato» per tutto Israele (I Reg. 12, 30). Ed anche in appresso I. viene additato come colui che trascinò Israele al peccato (cf. I Reg. 15, 26; 16, 19, 26; II Reg. 10, 31; ecc.).
… genericamente l'esposizione sia parenetica sia legale dei doveri d'Israele, e in quest'ultimo senso t. ricorre (« il libro della t. » « la t. di Mosè », ecc.) nelle sezioni « deuteronomiche » di Ios. e Reg. (Jos. 1, 7-8; 8, 31-34; 22, 5; 23, 6; I Reg. 2, 3; II Reg. 10, 31 a 23, 24-25: 10 volte).
10:32
Sotto Iehu d'Israele, Hazael attaccò il regno d'Israele su tutte le frontiere (II Reg. 10, 32 sg.), ed attaccò il regno di Giuda sotto Ioas, il quale, per propiziarselo, gli mandò tutti i tesori da lui e dagli avi accumulati nel Tempio e nella reggia (II Reg. 12, 17 sg.). …
… Nel suo territorio, forse occupato al principio dai Siri di Damasco (cfr. II Reg. 10, 32, 33), in seguito compaiono ora gli Ammoniti (cf. Ier. 49, 1) ed ora i Moabiti (cf. ibid. 48, 19, 34).
HAZAEL (EBR. ḤĀZĀ'EL E ḤĀZĀ'EL, « DIO VEDE »; ACCADICO, ḤAZA'ILU; SETTANTA, A'ĀYĀ)
… Aveva già difeso Ramoth di Galaad, ferendo Ioram (842; II Reg. 8, 28 sg.; 9, 14 sg.); ora, regnando Iehu, sconfigge ovunque gli Israeliti, occupa tutta la Transgiordania fino all'Arnon (II Reg. 10, 32 sg.; Am. 1, 3 sg.); domina su Israele: lascia a Ioachaz una guarnigione di 10.000 fanti, 50 cavalieri e 10 carri (II Reg. 13, 3-22). A sud, espugna Geth (798), attacca Gerusalemme …
Il nome, che prima dell'esilio era applicato al territorio del Regno del nord (II Reg. 10,32; 15,29; 17,28; II Par. 25,13), distrutta la capitale e il Regno indicò gli abitanti della provincia assira di Samarina, poi del distretto Semaraja. …
10:33
… IX) nella sua stele enumera i successi riportati contro Ioram (853-842), re d'Israele, dal quale rimase indipendente (II Reg. 3). Iehu in seguito ricuperò qualcuna delle città perdute; ma tutto M. fu conquistato da Hazael di Damasco (II Reg. 10, 33 sg.). …
10:34
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… religione di Jahweh (Ezechia: II Reg. 18, 3 sgg.; Giosia: ibid. 22, 2). La formula conclusiva contiene: a) indicazione della fonte, a cui anche il lettore viene rinviato per più ampie informazioni (I Reg. 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Reg. 8, 23; 10, 34 ecc.); b) morte e successore (I Reg. 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Reg. 8, 24; 10, 35 ecc.). …
10:35
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
… formula conclusiva contiene: a) indicazione della fonte, a cui anche il lettore viene rinviato per più ampie informazioni (I Reg. 14, 29; 15, 7, 25, 31; II Reg. 8, 23; 10, 34 ecc.); b) morte e successore (I Reg. 14, 31; 15, 8, 24; II Reg. 8, 24; 10, 35 ecc.). …
10:37
giordania dal fiume Arnon (Māǧib) al Jarmūk (Seri'at el-Menādirah; Ios. 22, 9-15; II Reg. 10,37), ma più ordinariamente dal Wādi Ḥesbān al Jarmūk. È diviso dallo Iaboc (Nahr ez-Zerqā) in due sezioni: la settentrionale, oggi 'Aǧlūn, la più elevata dell'altipiano (800-900 m.), …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.