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Childeric, King of the Franks(CHILDERICO, RE DEI FRANCHI)Vol. III, p. 890 CHILDERICO, king of the FRANKS. — Son of Meroveo, he died around 481 at Tournai. While still very young, he set out to subjugate the other barbarian peoples…
Childhood(INFANZIA)Vol. VI, p. 1114 INFANZIA. – From infans = one who does not speak. Immediately after the neonatal phase, in the course of the ages of life (v.) one encounters i. In relation to…
Childhood of Jesus(INFANZIA DI GESÙ)Vol. VI, p. 1117 INFANCY OF JESUS. - I. THE GOSPEL OF THE I. OF J. - The first two chapters of Matthew and Luke constitute the canonical Gospel of the I. of J., to be…
Children of the Blessed Virgin Mary Immaculate of Luçon(FIGLI DELLA BEATA MARIA VERGINE IMMACOLATA DI LUÇON)Vol. V, p. 755 FIGLI DELLA BEATA MARIA VERGINE IMMACOLATA DI LUÇON. - A religious congregation founded at Sables-d'Olonne in 1800 by the priest Luigi M. Baudoin. It…
Chile(CILE)Vol. III, p. 935 CHILE. - I. GEOGRAPHY. - State of South America consisting of the narrow western slope of the Andes, and therefore enclosed between them and the Pacific in a…
Chiliasm(CHILIASMO)Vol. III, p. 890 CHILIASMO: v. MILLENARISMO.
Chiliasts-Russellites(CHILIASTI-RUSSELLITI)Vol. III, p. 890 CHILIASTI-RUSSELLITI: v. TESTIMONI DI GEOVÀ.
Chillingworth, WilliamVol. III, p. 890 CHILLINGWORTH, WILLIAM. - English Protestant theologian and principal advocate of latitudinarianism, b. at Oxford on 6 Oct. 1602, d. at Chichester (Sussex) on…
Chillán, Diocese of(CHILLÁN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 890 CHILLÁN, DIOCESE of. - In Chile, suffragan of S.ma Concezione. Erected on 18 Oct. 1925, it comprises the province of Nuble and part of that of Maule, with an…
Chimenti, IacopoVol. III, p. 890 CHIMENTI, IACOPO: v. EMPOLI, IACOPO CHIMENTI da.
China(CINA)Vol. III, p. 959 CHINA. - The Chinese state (Ta Chung Hwa Min Kuo, meaning "Great Republic of the Middle Flower," referring to the traditional designation "Middle Empire,"…
Chinazzi, GiuseppeVol. III, p. 898 CHINAZZI, GIUSEPPE. - Philosopher and politician, b. at Oviglio in 1839, d. at Genova in 1897. He was first an officer in the Piedmontese army and took part in…
Chinchilla, AlonsoVol. III, p. 898 CHINCHILLA, ALONSO. - Benedictine theologian and ascetical writer, b. at Valladolid in 1574: there he became a monk in the monastery of S. Benedetto in 1591;…
Chinea, Question of the(CHINEA, QUESTIONE DELLA)Vol. III, p. 898 CHINEA, QUESTION of the. - The c. is the name used to designate the horse specially trained to amble. Carlo d'Angiò undertook to pay each year, for the feast…
Chinese Rites(CINESI, RITI)Vol. III, p. 979 CINESI, RITI: v. RITI CINESI.
Chioggia, Diocese of(CHIOGGIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 899 CHIOGGIA, DIOCESI di. - A city in the Venetian estuary south of Venezia, founded on two principal islands and several smaller ones. It is Pliny’s fossa Clodia,…
Chione, Saint, Martyr(CHIONE, SANTA, MARTIRE)Vol. III, p. 899 CHIONE, saint, martyr: v. AGAPE, IRENE e CHIONE, sante, martiri.
ChiosVol. III, p. 899 CHIOS. - An island in the Aegean Sea, already famous in the third century for the glorious death of the martyr St. Isidoro. It has a Greek bishop and a Latin…
Chiovenda, GiuseppeVol. III, p. 901 CHIOVENDA, GIUSEPPE. - Jurist, born at Premosello (Novara) in 1872; died there on 5 Nov. 1937. He taught at the Universities of Parma, Bologna, Naples, and…
Chiquitos, Apostolic Vicariate of(CHIQUITOS, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. III, p. 901 CHIQUITOS, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - It is situated in the south-central part of Bolivia. It has an area of 210,000 sq. km. and a population of approximately…
Chirino, PedroVol. III, p. 901 CHIRINO, PEDRO. — Spanish Jesuit, missionary in the Philippines, born at Osuna (Seville) in 1557, received into the Society in 1580, and arrived in Manila on…
Chirograph (From Gr. χείρ = hand, and γράφειν = to write)(CHIROGRAFO (DAL GR. ΧΕΊΡ = MANO, E ΓΡΆΦΕΙΝ = SCRIVERE))Vol. III, p. 902 CHIROGRAFO (from the Greek χείρ = hand, and γράφειν = to write). - In general, it is a document written in the hand of the very person who issues it; the term,…
Chiromancy(CHIROMANZIA)Vol. III, p. 903 CHIROMANZIA – Diagram of the chiromantic lines on the palm of the hand. BIBL.: E. Lexer, Le operazioni di chirurgia plastica, in Trattato di chirurgia pratica,…
Chirotheca(CHIROTECA)Vol. III, p. 903 CHIROTECA : v. GUANTI.
Chittagong, Diocese of(CHITTAGONG, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 904 CHITTAGONG, DIOCESE of. – It is suffragan to Calcutta (India) and is entrusted to the missionaries of the Canadian province of the Congregation of the Holy…
Chiusi and Pienza, Diocese of(CHIUSI E PIENZA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 904 CHIUSI and PIENZA, DIOCESE of. - In the province of Siena, suffragan of Siena. C. in the Valdichiana was one of the twelve Etruscan lucumonies. Christianity is…
Chivalry(CAVALLERIA)Vol. III, p. 698 CAVALLERIA. - I. HISTORY. - The origin of this distinctive institution, which permeated so much of medieval life, is not clear. It is found fully constituted…
Chlamys (Κλαμός)(CLAMIDE (ΚΛΑΜΌΣ))Vol. III, p. 1029 CLAMIDE (κλαμός). — The Romans called this a cloak shorter than the pallium, whose two extreme points of the long side were gathered on the right shoulder and…
Chloe(CLOE)Vol. III, p. 1093 CLOE. – In I Cor. 1:11, St. Paolo writes: “It has been reported to me concerning you, my brothers, by those of C. (ὁπὸ τῶν Χλῶς) that there are factions among…
Chlorophyllian Photosynthesis(FOTOSINTESI CLOROFILLIANA)Vol. V, p. 924 CHLOROPHYLLIAN PHOTOSYNTHESIS. — The remarkable process of foliar nutrition in plants has remained clear in its fundamental features ever since the classical…
Chobar (Heb. Kēbhār)(CHOBAR (EBR. KĒBHĀR))Vol. III, p. 905 CHOBAR (ebr. Kēbhār). – River of the “land of the Chaldeans,” on whose bank stood the locality called Tēl-ʿĀbhibh (“hill of the ears of grain”), where the…
Chocarne, BernardVol. III, p. 905 CHOCARNE, BERNARD. – Dominican, born in 1826, died in 1895. He was among the foremost benefactors of the Dominican restoration in France, founder and superior…
Chocó, Apostolic Prefecture of(CHOCÒ, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. III, p. 905 CHOCÒ, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - It was erected in 1908 and entrusted to the Claretian Fathers of the province of Colombia. Before then, the entire territory…
Chodorlahomor (Heb. Kēdhorlā'ōmer)(CHODORLAHOMOR (EBR. KĒDHORLĀ'ŌMER))Vol. III, p. 905 CHODORLAHOMOR (Hebr. Kēdhorlā'ōmer). - King of Elam, who held Palestine in subjection for twelve years, until it rebelled against him. He then organized an…
Choiseul Du Plessis Praslin, GilbertVol. III, p. 905 CHOISEUL DU PLESSIS PRASLIN, GILBERT. - Bishop, born around 1613 and died in Paris on Dec. 31, 1689. Doctor of the Sorbonne in CHIUSI - Interior of the…
Choiseul-Stainville, Étienne-François, de(CHOISEUL-STAINVILLE, ETIENNE-FRANÇOIS, DE)Vol. III, p. 905 CHOISEUL-STAINVILLE, ETIENNE-FRANÇOIS, de. — French ambassador and politician, born on June 28, 1719, died in Paris on May 8, 1785. CHOISEUL-STAINVILLE…
Chomjakov, Alexiei Stepanovič(CHOMJAKOV, ALEXIEI STEPANOVIĆ)Vol. III, p. 906 CHOMJAKOV, ALEXIEI STEPANOVIĆ. – Born in 1804, died in 1860, one of the most prominent representatives of Slavophilism, a Russian national movement that saw…
Chopin, FrédéricVol. III, p. 906 CHOPIN, FRÉDÉRIC. - Composer and pianist, b. at Zelazowa-Wola (Warsaw) on 22 Feb. 1810, d. at Paris on 17 Oct. 1849. At Warsaw, having completed his studies…
Chorale(CORALE)Vol. IV, p. 306 CORALE. – I. SONG. – In current usage, the true choral or liturgical song is Gregorian chant (V. CANTO). Polyphonic song is also called “choral,” but not…
Chorology(COROLOGIA)Vol. IV, p. 340 CHOROLOGY. - The term c. (from χάρα, earth, and λάγος, discourse) denotes the study of the geographical distribution of living beings: thus, zoogeography is…
Chouchi (Chowchih), Apostolic Prefecture of(CHOUCHIH (CHOWCHIH), PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. III, p. 906 CHOUCHIH (CHOWCHIH), APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE OF. - It is located in the central part of the province of Shensi (China). It was erected on June 17, 1932, by…
Chrism(CRISMA)Vol. IV, p. 523 CRISMA. - From the 5th century onward the Greeks customarily mixed aromatic substances with the holy oil and the Latins, somewhat later, balsam (v.). Thus C.,…
ChrismonVol. III, p. 907 CHRISMON. – In diplomatics, this name designates the monogrammatic formula of invocation to the Divinity that opens the protocol of the document (v.). In the…
Chrismon(DE MONOGRAMMA CHRISTI)Vol. IV, p. 834 DE MONOGRAMMA CHRISTI. — Short treatise attributed to St. Girolamo concerning the form and meaning of the monogram of Christ. The text is an addition to…
Christ(CRISTO)Vol. IV, p. 543 CRISTO. — Greek equivalent (χριστός “anointed,” verbal adjective of χρῶ “I anoint”) of the Hebrew māšīah, or “messiah.” Māšīah, a passive participle, like…
Christ the King, Feast of(CRISTO RE, FESTA DI)Vol. IV, p. 548 CHRIST THE KING, FEAST of. - With the encyclical Quas primas of 11 Dec. 1925, at the conclusion of the Holy Year, Pius XI instituted the liturgical feast of C.…
Christ, Bernard of Andermatt(CHRISTEN, BERNARD DA ANDERMATT)Vol. III, p. 908 CHRISTEN, BERNARD of ANDERMATT. - Minister General of the Capuchin Friars Minor, titular archbishop of Stauropolis, born at Andermatt (canton of Uri,…
Christ, Blood Poured Out for(CHRISTO PROFUSUM SANGUINEM)Vol. III, p. 913 «CHRISTO PROFUSUM SANGUINEM». — Hymn at Matins in the Common of Martyrs, composed of four stanzas taken from the hymn of the Apostles by s. Ambrogio. The…
Christ, Church of(CRISTO, CHIESA DI)Vol. IV, p. 545 CRISTO, CHIESA DI: v. CHIESA DI CRISTO.
Christadelphians (Brothers of Christ)(CRISTADELFI (FRATELLI DI CRISTO))Vol. IV, p. 526 CRISTADELFI (FRATELLI DI CRISTO). - Protestant sect founded by the Englishman Giovanni Thomas. Having moved to the United States in 1884, after lengthy studies…
Christchurch, Diocese of(CHRISTCHURCH, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 908 CHRISTCHURCH, DIOCESE of. – By a pontifical brief of 10 May 1887, it was erected with territory detached from the archdiocese of Wellington and comprises the…
Christe Sanctorum Decus AngelorumVol. III, p. 908 « CHRISTE SANCTORUM DECUS ANGELORUM ». – Hymn of the Lauds for the feast of St Michael the Archangel, taken from that of the feast of the Angels. It is found…
Christian(CRISTIANO)Vol. IV, p. 539 CRISTIANO. - Name of the followers of Gesù. Act. 11, 26 relates: “And it happened to them (Paolo and Barnaba) ... that first in Antiochia the faithful received…
Christian and Neoplatonic Cynicism(CINISMO CRISTIANO E NEOPITAOORICO)Vol. III, p. 981 CHRISTIAN AND NEOPYTHAGOREAN CYNICISM. - The existence of Christian c. is attested by Giuliano l'Apostana (Or., VI and VII), who combats them, by s. Agostino…
Christian Archaeology, Pontifical Institute of(ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA, PONTIFICIO ISTITUTO DI)Vol. I, p. 1070 ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA, PONTIFICIO ISTITUTO di: v. ISTITUTI DI STUDI SUPERIORI.
Christian Art(ARTE CRISTIANA)Vol. II, p. 52 ARTE CRISTIANA. – Illustrated monthly journal, founded in Milan in 1913 through the efforts of the society «Amici dell'arte cristiana», inspired and founded by…
Christian Art in Missions(ARTE CRISTIANA NELLE MISSIONI)Vol. II, p. 52 ARTE CRISTIANA NELLE MISSIONI: V. MISSIONI.
Christian Associations of Italian Workers (A.C.L.I.)(ASSOCIAZIONI CRISTIANE LAVORATORI ITALIANI (A.C.L.I.))Vol. II, p. 135 ASSOCIAZIONI CRISTIANE LAVORATORI ITALIANI (A.C.L.I.). — These are associations of workers whose purpose is to promote the affirmation of Christian principles…
Christian Brothers of Ireland(FRATELLI DELLE SCUOLE CRISTIANE D'IRLANDA (CHRISTIAN BROTHERS))Vol. V, p. 1016 BROTHERS OF THE CHRISTIAN SCHOOLS OF IRELAND (CHRISTIAN BROTHERS). - Religious institute founded at Waterford in Ireland by Edmund Ignatius Rice (1768–1844), a…
Christian Democracy(DEMOCRAZIA CRISTIANA)Vol. IV, p. 821 CHRISTIAN DEMOCRACY. — The term d. c. was used several times during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but only toward the end of the latter did it give…
Christian Doctrine, Archconfraternity of(DOTTRINA CRISTIANA, ARCICONFRATERNITA DELLA)Vol. IV, p. 1108 DOTTRINA CRISTIANA, ARCICONFRATERNITA della. — Established in Rome by Paul V with the brief Ex credito nobis of 6 October 1607. The impetus given by the…
Christian East(ORIENTE CRISTIANO)Vol. IX, p. 208 CHRISTIAN ORIENT. - Beyond the individual entries, to which cross-references are made, a comprehensive overview is necessary to provide general orientation on…
Christian EndeavourVol. III, p. 908 CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOUR. - I. HISTORY. — This is the name of a Protestant youth society, which may be translated as “Christian Activity” or also “Christian Action…
Christian Friendship(AMICIZIA CRISTIANA)Vol. I, p. 656 AMICIZIA CRISTIANA. — Catholic secret society for the dissemination of good publications, founded in Turin by Father Niccolò von Diessbach (v.) between 1778…
Christian I, King of Denmark(CRISTIANO I, RE DI DANIMARCA)Vol. IV, p. 539 CRISTIANO I, king of DANIMARCA. - B. on 21 May 1426 in Copenaghen, d. there on 21 May 1481. He succeeded Cristoforo di Baviera to the throne and was king of…
Christian II, King of Denmark(CRISTIANO II, RE DI DANIMARCA)Vol. IV, p. 539 CRISTIANO II, king of DENMARK. — Born on 1 July 1481, died on 25 January 1559. Son of Hans, king of Denmark, and Cristina of Saxony, he was designated while…
Christian III, King of Denmark(CRISTIANO III, RE DI DANIMARCA)Vol. IV, p. 540 CRISTIANO III, king of DANMARK. — Born on 12 August 1503 at Gottorp, died on 1 January 1559 at Kolding. Owing to disagreements that arose within the Rigsraad,…
Christian IV, King of Denmark(CRISTIANO IV, RE DI DANIMARCA)Vol. IV, p. 540 CRISTIANO IV, king of DENMARK. — Born on 12 April 1577 at Frederiksborg, died on 28 February 1648 at Copenhagen. Son of Frederick II and Sophia of Mecklenburg,…
Christian Latin(LATINO CRISTIANO)Vol. VII, p. 576 LATINO CRISTIANO. — It is the special language (group language) of Christians, formed within the framework of Late Latin in the early Christian communities.…
Christian Life(VITA CRISTIANA)Vol. XII, p. 954 VITA CRISTIANA. — A bimonthly periodical directed by the Dominicans of S. Domenico di Fiesole, founded in 1929 following the division of the journal S.…
Christian of Troyes(CRISTIANO DI TROYES)Vol. IV, p. 541 CRISTIANO di TROYES: v. CHRÉTIEN de TROYES.
Christian Perfection(PERFEZIONE CRISTIANA)Vol. IX, p. 713 CHRISTIAN PERFECTION. – In its ideal content, this signifies the complete realization of Christian life as opposed to its beginnings, that is, the fullness of…
Christian ScienceVol. III, p. 913 CHRISTIAN SCIENCE: v. BAKER, MARY EDDY.
Christian Science(CRISTIANA, SCIENZA)Vol. IV, p. 529 CRISTIANA, SCIENZA: v. BAKER MARY EDDY.
Christian Social Doctrine(DOTTRINA SOCIALE CRISTIANA)Vol. IV, p. 1109 CHRISTIAN SOCIAL DOCTRINE. - In recent centuries, in the face of increasingly grave violations of Christian ethics in the economic and social sphere, the…
Christian Spiritualism(SPIRITUALISMO CRISTIANO)Vol. XI, p. 696 CHRISTIAN SPIRITUALISM. – One of the principal currents of contemporary Italian philosophy. It is called “s.” because the concept of “spirit” (v.) is essential…
Christian Workers of Saint Joseph Calasanz(OPERAI CRISTIANI DI SAN GIUSEPPE CALASANZIO)Vol. IX, p. 119 CHRISTIAN WORKERS OF SAINT JOSEPH CALASANZIO. – Religious congregation founded in Vienna in 1889 by Fr. Antonio Maria Schwartz and approved by the Holy See in…
Christian, Archbishop of Mainz(CRISTIANO, ARCIVESCOVO DI MAGONZA)Vol. IV, p. 540 CHRISTIAN, archbishop of MAINZ. - Born around 1130 into a comital family of Thuringia. Early distinguished himself for military prowess, knowledge of…
Christianity(CRISTIANESIMO)Vol. IV, p. 529 CHRISTIANITY. - The religion founded by Jesus Christ. SUMMARY: I. Time and expansion. - II. Value and characteristics. - III. Vitality in history. - IV.…
Christians (Christian Church)(CRISTIANI (CHIESA CRISTIANA))Vol. IV, p. 538 CRISTIANI (CHIESA CRISTIANA). — A Protestant denomination, it is the result of three small, nearly simultaneous religious movements that arose in the United…
Christina of Aquila, Blessed(CRISTINA DA AQUILA, BEATA)Vol. IV, p. 542 CRISTINA da AQUILA, blessed. — Augustinian mystic, in the world Mattia di Ciccarelli, born at Colle di Lucoli on 24 February 1480, died at L'Aquila on 18…
Christina Of Spoleto, Blessed(CRISTINA DA SPOLETO, BEATA)Vol. IV, p. 542 CRISTINA da SPOLETO, Blessed. — Agostina Camozzi, born at Porlezza at the beginning of the fifteenth century. Married before she was twenty and widowed shortly…
Christina Of Stommeln, Saint(CRISTINA DA STOMMELN, SANTA)Vol. IV, p. 542 CRISTINA da STOMMELN, saint. — Born in 1242 at Stommeln near Cologne, died there on 6 Nov. 1312. Her life up to 1286 was written by the Swedish Dominican…
Christina, Queen of Sweden(CRISTINA, REGINA DI SVEZIA)Vol. IV, p. 542 CRISTINA, queen of SVEZIA. — Daughter of Gustavo Adolfo and Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, born in Stockholm on 8 December 1626, died in Rome on 19 April 1689.…
Christina, Saint(CRISTINA, SANTA)Vol. IV, p. 541 CRISTINA, saint. — Her name occurs in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 24 July, with the topographical designation: « in civitate Tyro », repeated in not a few…
Christmas(NATALE)Vol. VIII, p. 988 NATALE. – Feast of the birth of the Lord, celebrated on 25 December. I. THE DESIGNATION. – The typically Roman designation is Natale or Natalis Domini, from…
Christopher Of Verucchio(CRISTOFORO DA VERUCCHIO)Vol. IV, p. 547 CRISTOFORO da VERUCCHIO. - Capuchin preacher and writer of the province of Bologna, formerly a Conventual Minor, born at Verucchio (Forlì), died about 1620.…
Christopher, Antipope(CRISTOFORO, ANTIPAPA)Vol. IV, p. 547 CRISTOFORO, ANTIPOPE. — A Roman, son of Leone and priest of the titular church of S. Damaso, rose up against Leone V and, having seized him, had him imprisoned…
Christopher, Primicerius(CRISTOFORO, PRIMICERIO)Vol. IV, p. 547 CRISTOFORO, primicerius. - A highly important figure in Roman history during the second half of the 8th century. Adviser to Stefano II and inspirer of the…
Christopher, Saint, Martyr(CRISTOFORO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. IV, p. 545 CRISTOFORO, saint, martyr. — Venerated by the Greeks on 9 May; by the Latins on 25 July. The information concerning his life and martyrdom is uncertain and…
Christos PáschonVol. III, p. 913 CHRISTOS PÁSCHON. – In Latin Christus Patiens, this is a bizarre cento of tragic motifs concerning the Passion of Jesus, attributed as early as the time of St.…
Chrodegang Of Metz, Saint(CRODEGANDO (CRODEGANDO) DI METZ, SANTO)Vol. IV, p. 594 CRODEGANDO (CRODEGANDO) of METZ, saint. - Born at the beginning of the 8th century into a noble family of Brabant. In 742 Pipino appointed him bishop of Metz,…
Chromatius, Saint(CROMAZIO, SANTO)Vol. IV, p. 595 CROMAZIO, saint. — He belonged to the clergy of Aquileia as a priest under Bishop Valerian (369–388), and together with Eliodorus, later bishop of Altinum, was…
Chromosome(CROMOSOMA)Vol. IV, p. 595 CROMOSOME. — Characteristic formations that resolve from the nuclear substances of animal and plant cells when these enter reproductive activity. Whereas the…
Chronichetta Mensuale(CRONICHETTA MENSUALE)Vol. IV, p. 597 CRONICHETTA MENSUALE. - A distinctive scientific and popularizing periodical published in Roma from 1 Oct. 1866 to 1895 and edited successively by three…
Chronicle of Arbela(CRONACA DI ARBELA)Vol. IV, p. 597 CRONACA di ARBELA: v. ARBELA.
Chronicle of Edessa(CRONACA DI EDESSA)Vol. IV, p. 597 CRONACA di EDESSA: v. EDESSA.
Chronicle, Simone del Pollaiolo, detto Il(CRONACA, SIMONE DEL POLLAIOLO, DETTO IL)Vol. IV, p. 597 CRONACA, SIMONE del POLLAIOLO, called il. - Architect, b. in Florence in 1457, d. there in 1508. His art belongs to the transitional moment from the…
Chronicles, Books of the(CRONACHE, LIBRI DELLE)Vol. IV, p. 597 CHRONICLES, BOOKS of: v. PARALIPOMENON, BOOKS of.
Chronicon PaschaleVol. III, p. 913 CHRONICON PASCHALE. – An anonymous Byzantine chronicle of the 7th century, with a predominant interest in chronology. It was commonly called paschal because of…
Chronique Sociale de FranceVol. III, p. 914 CHRONIQUE SOCIALE DE FRANCE. — Monthly journal of study and action and organ of the « Semaine sociale de France ». Founded in Lyon in 1893 by Victor Berne and…
Chronogram(CRONOGRAMMA)Vol. IV, p. 599 CRONOGRAMMA. – From the Greek χρόνος and γράμμα, an inscription in prose or verse in which all the letters corresponding to Roman numerals are intended to…
Chronographer of the Year 354(CRONOGRAFO DELL'A. 354)Vol. IV, p. 598 CRONOGRAFO of the year 354 – Winged Victory in the act of writing on a shield a wish for prosperity to the recipient of the codex.
Chronology(CRONOLOGIA)Vol. IV, p. 599 CHRONOLOGY. — The study of historical sources (chronicles and documents) requires the historian and the diplomatist to verify the date given by the document or…
ChronosVol. III, p. 914 CHRONOS. – He is the personification of time among the ancient Greeks. He had no importance either in mythology or in worship; he was instead exploited by…
Chronos(CRONO)Vol. IV, p. 598 CRONO. — Greek god, for some pre-Hellenic, or originating in Asia Minor, where he would have to be identified with Baal; but every hypothesis concerning his…
Chronotope(CRONOTOPO)Vol. IV, p. 604 CRONOTOPO. — This word denotes the union of space and time, conceived together as a single environment in which all material entities are located; modern…
Chrysanthus and Daria, Saints, Martyrs(CRISANTO E DARIA, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. IV, p. 518 CRISANTO and DARIA, saints, martyrs. — They appear to have been killed during the 3rd century or at the beginning of the 4th. Their Passio (BHL, 1787) makes D.…
Chrysippus of Jerusalem(CRISIPPO DI GERUSALEMME)Vol. IV, p. 523 CRISIPPO di GERUSALEMME. — Priest of Jerusalem of the 5th century, distinguished writer and orator, b. before 409, d. in 479. A native of Cappadocia, C. went…
Chrysostom of Saint-Lô(CRISOSTOMO DI SAINT-LÔ)Vol. IV, p. 524 CRISOSTOMO di SAINT-LÔ : v. GIOVANNI CRISOSTOMO DI SAINT-LÔ.
Chrysostom, John, Saint(CRISOSTOMO, GIOVANNI, SANTO)Vol. IV, p. 524 CRISOSTOMO, GIOVANNI, saint: v. GIOVANNI CRISOSTOMO, saint.
Chrétien (Chrestien) de TroyesVol. III, p. 907 CHRÉTIEN (CHRESTIEN) de TROYES. – Little biographical information is available concerning this famous courtly poet, who lived at the court of Champagne and…
Chthonic Deities(CTONICHE, DIVINITÀ)Vol. IV, p. 610 CTONIC DEITIES. — The epithet chthonic was given in Greek religion to numerous deities who, in contrast to the Olympian gods inhabiting the heavens, lived…
Chumati, Diocese of(CHUMATIEN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 914 CHUMATIEN, DIOCESE of. - In China, in the central part of the civil province of Honan. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture on 2 March 1933 with 4…
Chungking, Archdiocese of(CHUNGKING, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 914 CHUNGKING, ARCHDIOCESE of. - It is situated in the south-eastern part of the civil province of Szechwan (China); it originated on 2 Apr. 1856 and was called…
Chur, Diocese of(CHUR, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 914 CHUR, DIOCESI di: v. COIRA, DIOCESI di.
Chur, Diocese of(COIRA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 1129 COIRA, DIOCESE of. – City of Switzerland (Latin Curia Rhaetorum, Romansh Cuera, French Coire, German Chur), capital of the Canton of Grisons. Of ancient…
Church(CHIESA)Vol. III, p. 840 CHURCH. - "It is the community of all the faithful, united by the profession of the same faith, by participation in the same Sacraments, under the authority of…
Church of Christ(CHIESA DI CRISTO)Vol. III, p. 885 CHURCH OF CHRIST. - Under this name are included two Protestant sects, namely: 1) C. di C. Scientista, better known by the name of Christian Science, founded…
Church of England(CHIESA D'INGHILTERRA)Vol. III, p. 886 CHIESA D'INGHILTERRA: v. ANGLICANESIMO.
Church of God(CHIESA DI DIO)Vol. III, p. 886 CHIESA DI DIO. — Under this name (Church of God) several Protestant sects are known. 1) C. d. D. (reform movement), founded by S. Warner in 1880 in the State…
Church State(CHIESA, STATO DELLA)Vol. III, p. 886 CHURCH, STATE OF THE: v. STATO PONTIFICIO.
Churinga (Tjurunga)(CIURINGA (CHURINGA, TJURUNGA))Vol. III, p. 1020 CIURINGA (CHURINGA, TJURUNGA). — A term designating certain sacred objects of wood or stone, on which totemic motifs are engraved or painted, used by the…
ChusVol. III, p. 914 CHUS. - A geographical term (Heb. Kúf), fairly frequent in the Bible. In Gen. 2:13 the land traversed by the river Gihon is called C. This text, like that…
Chusa (Chouzē)(CHUSA (ΧΟΥΖΈ))Vol. III, p. 914 CHUSA (Χουζέ). — A high-ranking dignitary of Herod Antipas (v. ANTIPA JULIUS HERODES), mentioned by Lk. 8:3, where ἐπίτροπος means something like “prime…
Chusai (Heb. Ḥúšaj)(CHUSAI (EBR. ḤÚŠAJ))Vol. III, p. 914 CHUSAI (Heb. Ḥúšaj). — An Arachite (II Sam. 14:32; 17:5, 14), friend and intimate counselor of David (II Sam. 15:37; 16:16), in whom he enjoyed full confidence…
Chusan Rasathaim (Heb. Kūfan Rīš'āthajim)(CHUSAN RASATHAIM (EBR. KŪFAN RĪŠ'ĀTHAJIM))Vol. III, p. 915 CHUSAN RASATHAIM (Hebr. Kūfan Rīš'āthajim). — King, according to the Vulgate, of Mesopotamia and Syria (Iudc. 3:8, 10). The Hebrew text calls him king of ’Āram…
Châlons-sur-Marne, Diocese of(CHÂLONS-SUR-MARNE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 802 CHÂLONS-SUR-MARNE, DIOCESE of. — City and department of the Marne, in Champagne, suffragan of Reims. Formed by a vast plain watered by the Marne, the region of…
Châtillon de Coligny, Odet deVol. III, p. 815 CHÂTILLON de COLIGNY, ODET de. - Cardinal, b. at Châtillon in 1523, of one of the foremost families of France, d. at Canterbury in 1568. At the age of eleven…
Chérot, HenriVol. III, p. 821 CHÉROT, HENRI. – Jesuit, born in Sens on 4 February 1856, died in Montana (Switzerland) on 25 June 1906. He entered the Society in 1875, took a degree in…
Chézard de Matel, JeanneVol. III, p. 825 CHÉZARD de MATEL, JEANNE. - French mystic of Roanne, b. 6 Nov. 1596, d. 11 Sept. 1670, foundress of the Congregation of the Incarnate Word and of the Most Holy…
