The quene of Saba coming to king Salomon, admireth his vvisdom, magnificence, and order of gouernment 10. She geueth and receiueth giftes. 14. Salomon receiueth much gold diuers vvayes: 16. maketh golden targattes. •8. a magnificent throne. 21. and much golden vessel. 25. Manie bring him presentes. 26. He hath manie chariottes, horsemen. 27. abundance of siluer 28. Marchantes of diuers kingdomes sel him horses.
1And the queen of Saba having heard of the fame of Solomon in the name of the Lord, came to try him with hard questions.Ma anche la regina di Saba, essendo pervenuta a lei la rinomanza di Salomone, nel nome del Signore andò a far prova di lui co' suoi enimmi.BVT the Queene of Saba also hauing heard the fame of Salomon, in the name of our Lord came to proue him, in hard propositions.Sed et regina Saba, audita fama Salomonis in nomine Domini, venit tentare eum in ænigmatibus. 2And entering into Jerusalem with a great train, and riches, and camels that carried spices, and an immense quantity of gold, and precious stones, she came to king Solomon, and spoke to him all that she had in her heart.Ed entrata in Gerusalemme con grande, e ricco accompagnamento, e co' suoi cammelli, che portavano aromi, e oro in copia infinita, e gemme preziose, si presentò al re Salomone, e gli espose tutto quello, che ella avea in cuor suo.And entring into Ierusalem with a great trayne, and riches, and camels carying spices, and gold exceding infinite, and pretious stones, she came to king Salomon, and spake to him al thinges that she had in her hart.Et ingressa Jerusalem multo cum comitatu et divitiis, camelis portantibus aromata, et aurum infinitum nimis, et gemmas pretiosas, venit ad regem Salomonem, et locuta est ei universa quæ habebat in corde suo. 3And Solomon informed her of all the things she proposed to him: there was not any word the king was ignorant of, and which he could not answer her.E Salomone la istruì sopra tutte le cose, che ella gli propose; nissuna ve n'ebbe, sopra la quale il re fosse all'oscuro, e non le desse risposta.And Salomon interpreted to her al the wordes, that she proposed: there was not a word, that the king could be ignorant of, and could not answer her.Et docuit eam Salomon omnia verba quæ proposuerat: non fuit sermo qui regem posset latere, et non responderet ei. 4And when the queen of Saba saw all the wisdom of Solomon, and the house which he had built,Veggendo adunque la regina di Saba tutta la sapienza di Salomone, e la casa edificata da lui,And the queene of Saba a seing al the wisedom of Salomon, and the house, which he had built,Videns autem regina Saba omnem sapientiam Salomonis, et domum quam ædificaverat, 5And the meat of his table, and the apartments of his servants, and the order of his ministers, and their apparel, and the cupbearers, and the holocausts, which he offered in the house of the Lord, she had no longer any spirit in her;E la imbandigione della sua mensa, e le abitazioni de' suoi servi, e i vari ordini de' ministri, e le loro vesti, e i suoi coppieri, e gli olocausti che egli offeriva nella casa del Signore, ella restava fuori di se:and the meates of his table, and the habitations of his seruantes, and the orders of them that serued, and their garmentes, cupbearers, and the holocaustes which he offered in the house of our Lord she had no longer spirit,et cibos mensæ ejus, et habitacula servorum, et ordines ministrantium, vestesque eorum, et pincernas, et holocausta quæ offerebat in domo Domini: non habebat ultra spiritum.
6And she said to the king: The report is true, which I heard in my own country,E disse al re: Vere sono le cose, che io avea sentite dire nel mio paese.and she said to the king: The report is true, which I haue heard in my countrie,Dixitque ad regem: Verus est sermo quem audivi in terra mea 7Concerning thy words, and concerning thy wisdom. And I did not believe them that told me, till I came myself, and saw with my own eyes, and have found that the half hath not been told me: thy wisdom and thy works exceed the fame which I heard.Riguardo a' tuoi ragionamenti, e alla tua sapienza: e io non prestava fede a coloro, che me ne parlavano, fino sa tanto che io stessa son venuta, e cogli occhi miei ho veduto, e toccato con mano, come non era stata detta a me la metà del vero: la tua sapienza, e le tue opere sorpassano tutto quello, che io ho sentito dire.concerning thy wordes, and concerning thy wisedom. and I did not beleue them that told me, til my selfe came, and sawe with myne eies, and haue proued that the half not been told me: greater is thy wisdom, and thy workes, then the rumour, which I haue heard.super sermonibus tuis, et super sapientia tua: et non credebam narrantibus mihi, donec ipsa veni, et vidi oculis meis, et probavi quod media pars mihi nuntiata non fuerit: major est sapientia et opera tua, quam rumor quem audivi. 8Blessed are thy men, and blessed are thy servants, who stand before thee always, and hear thy wisdom.Beata la tua gente, e beati i tuoi servi, i quali si stanno sempre dinanzi a te, e ascoltano la tua sapienza.Blessed are thy men, and blessed are thy seruantes, which stand before thee alwaies, and heare thy wisedom.Beati viri tui, et beati servi tui, qui stant coram te semper, et audiunt sapientiam tuam. 9Blessed be the Lord thy God, whom thou hast pleased, and who hath set thee upon the throne of Israel, because the Lord hath loved Israel for ever, and hath appointed thee king, to do judgment and justice.Benedetto sia il Signore Dio tuo, il quale ti ha amato, e ti ha posto sul trono d'Israele, perchè il Signore ha mai sempre voluto bene ad Israele, ed egli ti ha fatto re, affinchè esercitassi l'equità, e la giustizia.Be the Lord thy God blessed, whom thou hast pleased, and that hath serte thee vpon the throne of Israel, for that the Lord hath loued Israel for euer, and hath appointed thee king, to do iudgement and iustice.Sit Dominus Deus tuus benedictus, cui complacuisti, et posuit te super thronum Israël, eo quod dilexerit Dominus Israël in sempiternum, et constituit te regem ut faceres judicium et justitiam. 10And she gave the king a hundred and twenty talents of gold, and of spices a very great store, and precious stones: there was brought no more such abundance of spices as these which the queen of Saba gave to king Solomon.Ella adunque diede al re cento venti talenti d'oro, e molti aromi, e gemme preziose: non furono portati mai più tanti aromi, quanti ne diede la regina di Saba al re Salomone.She therfore gaue to the king an hundred and twentie talentes of gold, and spices exceding much, and pretious stones: There was no more brought so much spice, as that which the Quene of Saba gaue to king Salomon.Dedit ergo regi centum viginti talenta auri, et aromata multa nimis, et gemmas pretiosas: non sunt allata ultra aromata tam multa, quam ea quæ dedit regina Saba regi Salomoni.
11(The navy also of Hiram, which brought gold from Ophir, brought from Ophir great plenty of thyine trees, and precious stones.Oltre a ciò l'armata navale di Hiram, la quale portava oro da Ophir, portò parimente da Ophir molto legname di tyno, e gemme preziose.(But the naue also of Hiram, which caried gold our of Ophir, brought from Ophir thyine trees exceding manie, and pretious stones.(Sed et classis Hiram, quæ portabat aurum de Ophir, attulit ex Ophir ligna thyina multa nimis, et gemmas pretiosas. 12And the king made of the thyine trees the rails of the house of the Lord, and of the king’s house: and citterns and harps for singers: there were no such thyine trees as these brought nor seen unto this day.)E il re fece del legname di tyno le ringhiere della casa del Signore, della casa reale, e delle cetre, e delle lire pei cantori: non fu mai più portato simil legname di tyno, né se n'è veduto sino al dì d'oggi.And the king made of the thyine trees the porches of the house of our Lord, and of the kinges house and harpes & vials for the singers: there were not such thyine trees brought, nor seen vntil this present daye.)Fecitque rex de lignis thyinis fulcra domus Domini et domus regiæ, et citharas lyrasque cantoribus: non sunt allata hujuscemodi ligna thyina, neque visa usque in præsentem diem.) 13And king Solomon gave the queen of Saba all that she desired, and asked of him: besides what he offered her of himself of his royal bounty. And she returned, and went to her own country, with her servants.E il re Salomone diede alla regina di Saba tutto quello, che ella bramò e gli domandò: oltre a quelle cose, che volontariamente ei le offerse con magnificenza da re. Ed ella si partì, e tornossene colla sua gente al suo paese.And king Salomon gaue to the queene of Saba al that she would, and asked of him: beside those thinges, which of him selfe he offered her for a royal gift. Who returned, and went into her countrie with her seruantes.Rex autem Salomon dedit reginæ Saba omnia quæ voluit et petivit ab eo, exceptis his quæ ultro obtulerat ei munere regio. Quæ reversa est, et abiit in terram suam cum servis suis. 14And the weight of the gold that was brought to Solomon every year, was six hundred and sixty-six talents of gold:Or la quantità d'oro, che era portato a Salomone anno per anno, era di secento sessanta sei talenti d'oro:And the weight of the gold, that was brought to Salomon euerie yeare, was of six hundred sixtie six talentes of gold:Erat autem pondus auri quod afferebatur Salomoni per annos singulos, sexcentorum sexaginta sex talentorum auri,
15Besides that which the men brought him that were over the tributes, and the merchants, and they that sold by retail, and all the kings of Arabia, and the governors of the country.Senza quello, che portavano a lui quelli, che avean la soprintendenza de' tributi, e i negozianti, e tutti i merciai, e tutti i principi dell'Arabia, e i governatori del paese.beside that, which the men brought, that were ouer the tributes, and merchantes, and al that sold light wares, and al the kinges of Arabia, and the dukes of the land.excepto eo quod afferebant viri qui super vectigalia erant, et negotiatores, universique scruta vendentes, et omnes reges Arabiæ, ducesque terræ. 16And Solomon made two hundred shields of the purest gold: he allowed six hundred sicles of gold for the plates of one shield.Fece ancora il re Salomone dugento rotelle d'oro finissimo, e consumo' seicento sicli d'oro per le lamine di ciascheduno di questi scudi.Salomon also made two hundred shieldes of most pure gold, six hundred sicles of gold did he allow for the plates of one shield.Fecit quoque rex Salomon ducenta scuta de auro purissimo: sexcentos auri siclos dedit in laminas scuti unius. 17And three hundred targets of fine gold: three hundred pounds of gold covered one target: and the king put them in the house of the forest of Libanus.E fece trecento pelte d'oro affinato: trecento mine d'oro coprivano una pelta. E il re le collocò nella casa del bosco del Libano.And three hundred tergattes of tried gold: and three hundred poundes of gold garnished one terget: and the king put them in the house of the forest of Libanus.Et trecentas peltas ex auro probato: trecentæ minæ auri unam peltam vestiebant: posuitque eas rex in domo saltus Libani. 18King Solomon also made a great throne of ivory: and overlaid it with the finest gold.Fece ancora il re Salomone un trono grande d'avorio, e lo vestì d'oro giallissimo.King Salomon also made a great throne of yuorie: and couered it with gold exceding yellow,Fecit etiam rex Salomon thronum de ebore grandem: et vestivit eum auro fulvo nimis, 19It had six steps: and the top of the throne was round behind: and there were two hands on either side holding the seat: and two lions stood, one at each hand,Egli avea sei gradini: la sommità del trono era rotonda dalla parte di dietro, e due bracci, uno di qua, e uno di là tenevano la sedia, e due leoni stavan presso all'uno, e all'altro braccio.which had sixe steppes: and the toppe of the throne was round in the hinder part: and the two handes on either side holding the seate: and two lyons stood at euery hand.qui habebat sex gradus: et summitas throni rotunda erat in parte posteriori: et duæ manus hinc atque inde tenentes sedile: et duo leones stabant juxta manus singulas. 20And twelve little lions stood upon the six steps, on the one side and on the other: there was no such work made in any kingdom.E dodici piccoli leoni stavano sopra i sei gradini da una parte, e dall'altra: non fu fatta mai opra tale in verun altro regno.And twelue litle lyons standing vpon the sixe steppes on either side: there was not such a worke made in al kingdomes.Et duodecim leunculi stantes super sex gradus hinc atque inde: non est factum tale opus in universis regnis.
21Moreover, all the vessels out of which king Solomon drank, were of gold: and all the furniture of the house of the forest of Libanus was of most pure gold: there was no silver, nor was any account made of it in the days of Solomon:Oltre a ciò tutti i vasi, ai quali bevea il re Salomone, eran d'oro: e tutto il vasellame della casa del bosco del Libano era di finissimo oro: non v'era argento, di cui non si facea nissun conto a tempo di Salomone:Yea and al the vessels, out of the which the king Salomon drunke, were of gold: and al the furniture of the house of the forest of Libanus of most pure gold: there was no siluer, neither was it thought of any price in the daies of Salomon,Sed et omnia vasa quibus potabat rex Salomon, erant aurea: et universa supellex domus saltus Libani de auro purissimo: non erat argentum, nec alicujus pretii putabatur in diebus Salomonis, 22For the king’s navy, once in three years, went with the navy of Hiram by sea to Tharsis, and brought from thence gold, and silver, and elephants’ teeth, and apes, and peacocks.Perocché le navi del re andavano in mare una volta ogni tre anni colle navi di Hiram a Tharsis, donde portavan oro, e argentone denti di elefanti, e scimmie, e pavoni.because the kinges nauie, once in three yeares, went with the nauie of Hiram on the sea into Tharsis, bringing thence gold, and siluer, and the teeth of elephantes, and apes, and pecockes.quia classis regis per mare cum classe Hiram semel per tres annos ibat in Tharsis, deferens inde aurum, et argentum, et dentes elephantorum, et simias, et pavos. 23And king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom.Fu adunque il re Salomone il più grande di tutti i re della terra per ricchezze, e sapienza.King Salomon therfore was magnified aboue al the kinges of the earth in riches, and wisedom.Magnificatus est ergo rex Salomon super omnes reges terræ divitiis et sapientia. 24And all the earth desired to see Solomon’s face, to hear his wisdom, which God had given in his heart.E tutta la terra desiderava di veder Salomone, per udir la sapienza posta da Dio nel cuore di lui.And al the earth desired to see Salomons face, that they might heare his wisedom, which God had geuen in his hart.Et universa terra desiderabat vultum Salomonis, ut audiret sapientiam ejus, quam dederat Deus in corde ejus. 25And every one brought him presents, vessels of silver and of gold, garments, and armour, and spices, and horses, and mules, every year.E tutti gli portavano ogni anno dei doni, de' vasi d'argento, e d'oro, delle vesti, e degli strumenti da guerra, e aromi, e cavalli, e muli.And euerie one presented him giftes, vessel of siluer and gold, garmentes and instrumentes for warre, spices also, and horses and mules euerie yeare.Et singuli deferebant ei munera, vasa argentea et aurea, vestes et arma bellica, aromata quoque, et equos et mulos per annos singulos.
26And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen, and he had a thousand four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen: and he bestowed them in fenced cities, and with the king in Jerusalem.E Salomone radunò cocchi, e soldati a cavallo, ed ebbe mille quattrocento cocchi, e dodici mila uomini a cavallo, e li distribuì nelle città fortificate, e in Gerusalemme presso al re.And Salomon gathered together the chariotes and horsemen, and there amounted to him a thousand foure hundred chariotes, and twelue thousand horsemen: and he disposed them in fensed cities, and with the king in Ierusalem.Congregavitque Salomon currus et equites, et facti sunt ei mille quadringenti currus, et duodecim millia equitum: et disposuit eos per civitates munitas, et cum rege in Jerusalem. 27And he made silver to be as plentiful in Jerusalem as stones: and cedars to be as common as sycamores which grow in the plains.E fece sì che l'argento abbondava in Gerusalemme come le pietre; e il legname di cedro rendette tanto comune, quanto i sicomori, che nascon nelle pianure.And he made that there was as great abundance of siluer In Ierusalem, as of stones: and of ceder trees he caused such a multitude, as if it were sycomore trees, which grow in the playnes.Fecitque ut tanta esset abundantia argenti in Jerusalem, quanta et lapidum: et cedrorum præbuit multitudinem quasi sycomoros quæ nascuntur in campestribus. 28And horses were brought for Solomon out of Egypt, and Coa: for the king’s merchants bought them out of Coa, and brought them at a set price.E i cavalli venivano a Salomone dall'Egitto, e da Coa. Imperocché quelli, che li comperavano pel re, li conducevano da Coa pel prezzo fissato.And there were horses brought for Salomon out of Aegypt, and Coa, for the kinges merchantes brought them out of Coa, and brought them at a sette price.Et educebantur equi Salomoni de Ægypto, et de Coa. Negotiatores enim regis emebant de Coa, et statuto pretio perducebant. 29And a chariot of four horses came out of Egypt, for six hundred sicles of silver, and a horse for a hundred and fifty. And after this manner did all the kings of the Hethites, and of Syria, sell horses.Or venivangli quattro cavalli dall'Egitto per secento sicli d'argento, o ogni cavallo per cento cinquanta; e in tal guisa tutti i re Hethei, e della Siria vendevano i lor cavalli.And a chariote of foure horses came out of Aegypt, for sixe hundred sicles of siluer, and one horse for an hundred and fiftie. And after this maner did al the kinges of the Hetheites, and of Syria sel horses.Egrediebatur autem quadriga ex Ægypto sexcentis siclis argenti, et equus centum quinquaginta. Atque in hunc modum cuncti reges Hethæorum et Syriæ equos venundabant.
10:1
Sanctius
Saba is written with sh, to denote a part of Arabia, and with s, when Ethiopia is meant, Psalm 71:10. The former is here designated, (Menochius) being "the ends of the earth, east" of Judea, (Tacitus, Hist. v.) and lying also to the south of that country, Matthew 12:42. This region was famous for gold, etc., and acknowledged the dominion of women: Medis levibusque Sabaeis Imperat hic sexus. (Claud. Eutrop. i.) Grotius follows the opinion of Josephus ([Antiquities?] 8:6.) and Origen, (hom. 2. in Canticle of Canticles.) who place the seat of this queen's empire at Meroe. The Abyssinians also pretend that their kings are descendants of Solomon, by the queen of Saba; and that Azarias, the son of Sadoc, stole the tables of the law, when he brought back his pupil from Jerusalem. (Sanctius)
Calmet
This shews their vanity and ignorance. (Calmet)
Worthington
Still many suppose that this queen came from their country. (Worthington, etc.)
Haydock
Lord, who had raised Solomon to so great splendour, while, on the other hand, the king endeavoured to enhance his glory. (Haydock)
Haydock
If we place the stop after Solomon, we may say that the queen was moved by divine grace, and attracted, like the Gabaonites, (Josue 9:9.) to embrace the true religion; (Calmet) though she seems to have professed it already, as many others did among the Gentiles. (Haydock)
St. Paulin
The Fathers look upon her as a figure of the Christian Church. (St. Hilary, Psalm cxxi.; St. Irenaeus 4:45., etc.) Barbara natione, non animo. (St. Paulin, ep. 1.)
Menochius
Questions. Thus the ancients tried each others skill, Judges 14:12. See 3 Kings 4:30. The questions might regard natural history or religion. (Menochius)
10:4
Menochius
House, the palace, or rather the temple, (Calmet) or both. (Menochius)
Calmet
Dion (37) and Tacitus extol the grandeur of the temple, which Titus destroyed. What would they have said of that built by Solomon? (Calmet)
10:5
Haydock
In her. She fainted away in rapture and astonishment. (Haydock)
Worthington
Thus the church of the Gentiles is taught, by the gospel, to lay aside the spirit of pride, etc. (Worthington)
10:9
Calmet
Justice. Kings are given by God, either in his mercy or in his anger. (Calmet)
Menochius
They are not appointed for themselves alone. (Menochius)
Worthington
This queen was moved to take so long a journey, to hear and to see Solomon, as a figure of the many potentates who should embrace the Christian faith. (Worthington)
10:11
Homer
Thyine. Pliny ([Natural History?] 3:16.) mentions a species of tall and incorruptible trees, called thya. The wood was odoriferous, and very costly. Citri et mensarum insania, quas feminae viris contra margaritas regerunt. (B. xiii., and 15:16.) Calypso burnt it, to perfume her whole island. (Homer)
Haydock
It was used as a sort of incense in sacrifices, and thence received its name. (Haydock)
Calmet
Septuagint translate, "plained;" and elsewhere, pine-trees, which is adopted by St. Jerome, 2 Paralipomenon 2:8. (Calmet)
Haydock
Hebrew reads almuggim in one place, and algumin in the other, the letters being transposed; "for I suppose, says Kennicott, it will hardly be said that these trees were both almug and algum." (Haydock)
Huet
One word might be the Ethiopian pronunciation. (Huet)
Du Hamel
Yet Kimchi observes, that such transpositions of letters are very common among the Hebrews. (Du Hamel)
Calmet
Solomon had desired Hiram to send him some algum, or "gum bearing" wood: but as there was not sufficient, or so fine, in Libanus as in Ophir, or in foreign parts, he procured more from those countries. The wood might probably resemble that of settim, or of black acacia, (Exodus 25:5.) whence the gum of Arabia is extracted. Acanthos, in Thebais, was celebrated for its fine thorn-trees, and for its gum. (Strabo xvii.) (Calmet)
Pliny
It is placed near Memphis. (Pliny, [Natural History?] iv 10.)
Tirinus
The Rabbins commonly understand the Hebrew to mean, "coral," which is not fit for instruments, much less for architecture. Others translate ebony, or Brazil wood, but without reason. (Calmet) (Tirinus)
10:12
Haydock
Rails. Hebrew mihsad, "pillars, supporters, or banisters." (Haydock)
Calmet
Most interpreters suppose the rails were on each side of the road, leading from the palace to the temple. (Calmet)
Paralipomenon stairs.
Haydock
Citterns, or harps and lyres. (Haydock)
Hebrew, "kinnoroth and nebalim."
10:14
Haydock
Gold. His stated revenue was, 4,646,350l. sterling. (Haydock)
10:15
Menochius
Merchants: wholesale. (Menochius)
Arabia, the desert, which was peopled by various nations. Arab means, "a mixture, or assemblage," as well as "the night, and a fruitless country." Septuagint seem to have read abor, "all the kings of the other side" the Euphrates, who were also called Arabs. See 3 Kings 4:24.
Country around Judea, comprising the Phylarchs of Arabia, (Genesis 17:20.) and the Philistine Satraps.
10:16
Calmet
Shields. Hebrew tsinnu is rather indeterminate, denoting something sharp or pointed; "a dart," etc. (Calmet)
Menochius
Paralipomenon spears. Some of the shields were made with a point, projecting from the middle, (Haydock) with which the enemy might be wounded. (Menochius)
These arms were used when the king went to the temple, and were reposited in the arsenal, at his return, 3 Kings 14:28.
10:17
Calmet
Targets, smaller than the former, and resembling a crescent. Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis. (Virgil, Aeneid i.) (Calmet)
Paralipomenon reads, shields.
Fine. Septuagint, "ductile." Hebrew sséut, "beaten, refined," etc.
Menochius
Hundred is omitted in Hebrew and Septuagint, (Haydock) but is found in 2 Paralipomenon (9:16.) where we read 300 of gold, in like manner as 600 of gold in the preceding verse, without specifying the particular weight in either. These targets or shields, seem to have been heavier than the former, and designed only for ornament, being placed in the great hall, as they weighed each 375 Roman pounds, or 18,000 sicles; (Calmet) unless minae, pound, be here put for sicle; as Josephus ([Antiquities?] 2:3.) says that sons of Jacob sold their brother for twenty pieces of silver, Genesis 37:28. (Menochius)
Haydock
Salien thinks that 200 shields were each worth 600 sicles, and these 300 targets weighed each 300 sicles of gold. (Haydock)
10:18
Haydock
Ivory. Hebrew, "of the tooth" (or horn) of elephants: people do not agree of which the ivory is formed. See Pliny ([Natural History?] 8:3.) for the former sentiment, and for the latter, Varro vi. Ezechiel (xxvii. 15.) seems to unite both sentiments, calling it, "horns of the tooth." (Haydock)
Ivory may, in effect, be wrought like horn.
Calmet
Finest. Hebrew, "gold of Uphas." This was the country whence it was brought; (Jeremias 10:9.) probably Colchis, where the river Phasis, or Phison, flows, Genesis 2:11. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
The Chaldean calls Uphas, (in Jeremias) Ophir; and Huet supposes that Paz and Parvaim designate the same place, 3 Kings 9:28., and Job 28:17. (Du Hamel)
Calmet
In Paralipomenon, we only read, pure gold, which would suffer the ivory to appear in some places. (Calmet)
10:19
Behind, like an alcove, (Haydock) placed in the porch of the palace, 3 Kings 7:8.
Haydock
Hands, for the elbows to rest on. In Paralipomenon, St. Jerome translates, "little" arms. The feet might also be made in this shape. Josephus ([Antiquities?] 8:5.) represents them as forming the seat: (Calmet) and the Septuagint place them on each side: "the fore-parts of oxen, projecting from the back of the throne, and hands on the throne, on each side of the seat." In Paralipomenon also, we find a foot-stool of gold. (Haydock)
10:21
Haydock
No silver vessels, (Calmet) though there was a great abundance of that metal, ver. 27. It was not deemed worthy to be admitted at the king's table. (Haydock)
10:22
Menochius
To Tharsis. This word in Hebrew signifies, "the sea," Isaias 2:16., and 23:10. (Menochius)
Calmet
But when it signifies some particular place, (Haydock) it probably refers to Tarsus of Cilicia, which was once the most famous mart on the Mediterranean, though not perhaps in the days of Solomon, but after it had been embellished by the Assyrian kings. "Ships of Tharsis," often denote such as were fit for a long voyage; and of this description were the fleets of Solomon and of Hiram, which sailed from Asiongaber to Ophir, and touched at various ports, where they procured what they wanted. (Calmet)
Haydock
Hebrew, "the king had at sea a navy of Tharsis....once in three years: the navy of Tharsis came, bringing gold," etc. (Haydock)
Bochart
Teeth. Hebrew Shenhabim. The latter word is commonly rendered elephants, k being lost at the beginning. (Bochart)
Pliny
Syriac and Arabic intimate, that the elephants were brought alive. Perhaps n may be dropped after b; so that we should read, ebnim, as [in] Ezechiel 27:15., and translate ivory and ebony; the one being remarkable for its white, and the other for is black colour. Both might be procured on the coasts of Ethiopia, by which the fleet passed. The Persians, and Sesostris, required the people of the country to pay both for tribute. (Pliny, [Natural History?] 12:14.; Diodorus i.)
Solin
Apes. Hebrew Kophim. Greek, Kepos. There was a peculiar species in Ethiopia, which the Egyptians adored at Babylon, near Memphis, and was exhibited by Julius Caesar, in the public shews. (Solin.; Bochart)
Calmet
Peacocks is not expressed in the Septuagint. (Calmet)
Calmet
The Roman edition, instead of elephants, etc., inserts, "stones" etc., intended for the various edifices and towns, which Solomon fortified, to keep under the nations of Chanaan, whom he forced to labour, etc. But the Alexandrian copy has, taonon, "peacocks," as thuciim is rendered (Haydock) by the Chaldean, Syriac, etc. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
Huet observes, that these birds were scarcely known in the time of Alexander, and would therefore understand , psittacos, "parrots." (Du Hamel)
Diodorus ii
But peacocks were called, "birds of Media," as they were very common in that country, (Calmet) and about Babylon. (Diodorus ii.)
Haydock
The fleet of Solomon might advance as far as the confines of Media. Josephus adds, that it brought home Ethiopian slaves, who were in high esteem in a country where eunuchs were employed to guard the women, (Calmet) as there would be less danger of too great familiarity. (Haydock)
10:24
The earth; or, the kings of, etc., Paralipomenon.
10:26
Menochius
Hunderd chariots. Paralipomenon, forty thousand horses, in the stables, and 12,000 chariots and horsemen; though the chariots may be referred to the former number, conformably to the Hebrew, and to 3 Kings 4:26. (Menochius)
Menochius
Many of the horses were not employed in the chariots, (Salien) which were 1400 in number, 2 Paralipomenon 1:14. (Menochius)
10:27
Calmet
Sycamores, (Hebrew shikmim) which were formerly very common in Palestine, as they are still about Cairo, in Egypt. The fruit resembles figs, as the leaves do the mulberry tree; whence the name is a compound of sukon, "a fig," and moria, "a mulberry;" though some would prefer moros, "a fool," to denote that the fruit is "insipid." It is however sweeter than wild figs, and proceeds from the trunk of the tree. (Calmet)
10:28
Egypt was once very famous for horses, and the breed is much admired by travellers. The Turks will not suffer strangers to have them. The canals made by Sesostris and other kings, caused their numbers to be diminished. (Herodotus 2:108.)
Yet there were many used in the time of Ezechias, 4 Kings 18:24.
Tirinus
And Coa. Some take this to be the name of some unknown place, (Du Hamel) or of a town in Arabia Felix, (Ptol. 6:17.) or "of a fair." (Tirinus)
Calmet
Hebrew, "and from Michoe," which was the ancient name of Troglodytis, near Egypt. (Pliny, [Natural History?] 6:29.) (Calmet)
Pliny
Protestants, "and linen yarn; the king's merchants received the linen yarn at the price." Mokue signifies "a thread;" (Haydock) and the linen cloth of Egypt was in high estimation, Isaias 19:9., and Ezechiel 27:7. (Pliny, [Natural History?] 19:1.)
Jarchi and others understand, "a string" of horses, tied together by the tails. But Bochart translates, "They brought horses for Solomon out of Egypt; and, as for the tribute, the custom-house officers of the king received it, at a certain rate," agreed upon between Solomon and the king of Egypt.
10:29
Fifty, upon an average.
Calmet
Hethites: some had retired, and built Lusa; (Judges 1:26.) others dwelt beyond Libanus, 4 Kings 7:4. These kings sold horses to Solomon; or, according to the Hebrew, the Jews had the traffic of horses in their own hands. (Calmet)
Haydock
Protestants, "and so for all the kings....did they bring them out by their means." Septuagint, "thus to all the kings....of Syria, on the sea-shore, they came out." (Haydock)
Calmet
The merchants sold horses to these kings, at 150 sicles a piece. (Calmet)
10:1
Part of Arabia is called Saba, nere to Iurie. but this Saba is beyond Arabia, as S. Hierom testifieth in Esaiae. 60 li. 17 it semeth to be in Aethiopia, for our Sauiour saith Mat. 12. The quene of the South came frō the endes of the earth, to heare the vvisdom of Salomon.
10:5
As this quene had no spirite, when she saw Salomons wisdom, so the Church gathered of gentiles knowing Christs grace, & finding the masters of Euangelical doctrin, casting away the spirite of pride, and laying of al hautinesse of mind, lerned to distrust in her self, and to trust in the great mercie of her king. S. Greg in Psal 7. pa••ten. to 2.
10:12
A wonderful thing, that a Quene vpon fame of a mans wisdom traueled so farre to heare him speake, and to see his gouernment. but it was Gods inspiration, to signifie by this figure, that the Church of Christ should be gathered of the Gentiles in al nations. Kiges, Quenes & no• potent Princes also submitting themselues to Christ. Isaae. c. 49.
10:1
sant'Ireneo di Lione † 202 d.C. Against Heresies 4.27.1
… and all kings of the earth sought an interview with him ( quærebant faciem ejus ) that they might hear the wisdom which God had conferred upon him. The queen of the south, too, came to him from the ends of the earth, to ascertain the wisdom that was in him:
Origene † 254 d.C. Origen Against Celsus 3.45
… And she said to the king, The report is true which I heard in mine own land regarding thee and thy wisdom; and I believed not them who told me, until I had come, and mine eyes have seen it. And, lo, they did not tell me the half. Thou hast added wisdom and possessions above all the report which I heard.”
sant'Efrem il Siro † 373 d.C. Ephraim Syrus: The Pearl. Seven Hymns on the Faith 3.3
3. The Queen of Sheba was a sheep that had come into the place of wolves; the lamp of truth did Solomon give her, who also married her when he fell away. She was enlightened and went away, but they were dark as their manner was.
san Gregorio Nazianzeno † 389 d.C. Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen 40
… and prove that you really hate sin by making a shew of it openly, and triumphing over it as worthy of contempt. Do not reject the medicine of exorcism, nor refuse it because of its length. This too is a touchstone of your right disposition for grace. What labour have you to do compared with that of the Queen of Ethiopia,
sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. Exposition of the Christian Faith 1.pref.1
1. The Queen of the South, as we read in the Book of the Kings, came to hear the wisdom of Solomon.
10:2
sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. On the Duties of the Clergy 2.10
… Nay, even the queen of Sheba came to him and tried him with questions. She came and spoke of all the things that were in her heart, and heard all the wisdom of Solomon, nor did any word escape her.
10:6
sant'Ambrogio † 397 d.C. On the Duties of the Clergy 2.10
… and behold the half was not told me. Thou hast added good things over and above all that I heard in mine own land. Blessed are thy women and blessed thy servants, which stand before thee, and that hear all thy prudence.”
10:10
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. Homilies on First Thessalonians 4
What then is one to say? That the Saints knew not all things. And this one might learn from many instances, both of the early ones, and of those who came after them, as Elisha knew not concerning the woman ( 2 Kings iv. 27 .); as Elijah said to God, “I only am left, and they seek my life.” Wherefore he heard from God, “I have left me seven thousand men.” (
10:22
sant'Ippolito † 235 d.C. On Proverbs 1
The “cemphus” is a kind of wild sea-bird, which has so immoderate an impulse to sexual enjoyment, that its eyes seem to fill with blood in coition; and it often blindly falls into snares, or into the hands of men.
papa san Gregorio I Magno † 604 d.C. The Book of Pastoral Rule 1.3
… For commonly in the school of adversity the heart is subdued under discipline, while, on sudden attainment of supreme rule, it is forthwith changed and becomes elated through familiarity with glory. Thus Saul, who had before fled in consideration of his unworthiness, no sooner had assumed the government of the kingdom than he was puffed up (
10:1
1. SED ET REGINA SABA, AUDITA FAMA SALOMONIS IN NOMINE DOMINI (hoc est, audita fama de mira Salomonis sapientia illi a Deo indita, deque ejus stupendis fabricis et operibus quae faciebat «in nomine,» id est ope et virtute «Domini:» nam to in nomine Domini, referendum ad fama, non ad venit, ut patet ex Hebraeo) VENIT TENTARE EUM IN AENIGMATIBUS, ut per aenigmata obscura et intricata probaret ejus sapientiam. Quaeres, cujas erat, et ex qua regione venit haec regina? Nota: Ex S. Hieronymo in Tradit. in Genes., duplex est Saba, una est civitas Arabiae Felicis, et tum scribitur per litteram schin, unde ejus incolae dicti sunt Sabaei (juxta illud: India mittit ebur, molles sua thura Sabaei), a Saba filio Regma ejus fundatore, Genes. x, 7. Altera Saba est in Aethiopia, quae scribitur per litteram samech, vel ei aequipollentem sin, fundata et appellata a Saba filio Chus, Genes. x, 7, ex quo orti videntur Abyssini, quorum rex est Preto-Janes. Haec fuit Aethiopiae metropolis, et postea a Cambyse nomine sororis suae vocata est Meroe, teste Josepho, lib. II Antiq. cap. x, et Strabone, lib. XVI et XVII. Utriusque fit mentio, Psal. LXXI, 10: «Reges Arabum et Saba dona adducent.» Hebraice enim est reges Saba, (id est Arabiae) et Seba (id est Aethiopiae) dona offerent. Jam nonnulli censent reginam hanc venisse ex Saba, quae est in Arabia Felice: haec enim abundat thure et aromatibus; et quia «Saba» hic scribitur per schin. Ita censent Cajetanus, Eugubinus, Pererius, Gagneius, Baronius, Suarez et alii quos citat et sequitur Pineda, lib. V De Rebus Salomonis, cap. xiv, num. 5 et 6. Alii vero passim censent reginam hanc venisse ex Saba, quae est in Aethiopia. Probant primo, quia regina haec venit ex finibus terrae, ut ait Christus Matth. XII, 42. Ergo non venit ex Arabia; haec enim vicina est Judaeae; sed ex Aethiopia quae longissime ab ea distat. Secundo, quia Aethiopia prae Arabia auro abundat, aliudque nihil fere quam aurum mercatui exponit, ait Genebrardus in Psalm. LXXI. Eadem thurifera et aromatica est. Tertio, quod in Aethiopia feminae dominari soleant, unde ejus reginae communi nomine vocabantur Candaces, ut patet Act. cap. viii, et ex Plinio, lib. VI, cap. xxix. Quarto, quod illa sit apud Aethiopes, sive Abyssinos, continua et constans traditio de qua mox plura. Rursum quod regina haec a Christo vocetur «regina Austri.» Aethiopia autem Judaeae est ad Austrum, cum Arabia potius sit ei ad Orientem. Ad haec, cum vocatur «regina Austri,» videtur latissime per totam quasi Meridionalem plagam regnasse, qualis est vasta Aethiopia, non parva Arabia. Quinto, quia ab hac regina Aethiopes acceperant circumcisionem a Salomone, ac cognitionem S. Scripturae cultumque veri Dei Israelis; unde Eunuchus Candacis reginae Aethiopum in curru veniens Hierosolymam Deum adoraturus, legebat Isaiam prophetam, quando ad eum accessit Philippus, eumque in fide Christi instruxit, Act. viii. Hic enim pri- mus e Gentibus factus est Christianus, et Christi fidem in Aethiopia propagavit. Unde de eo cecinit Psaltes: «Aethiopia praeveniet manus ejus Deo,» Psal. LXVII, 32. Atque hujus rei typus fuit haec regina: sicut enim ipsa prima ex longinqua regione venit ad Salomonem ut ejus sapientiam audiret: sic et Aethiopia prima venit ad Christi fidem et cultum. Ita censent hoc loco Josephus, Rabanus, Abulensis, Hugo, Dionysius, item Maldonatus, Toletus, Jansenius, Barradius, Franciscus Lucas in Matth. XII, S. Hieronymus in Isaiae XLIII, Origenes, hom. 2 in Cantic., S. Augustinus, serm. 452 De Tempore, ait, «venisse a partibus Aethiopiae,» Nazianzenus, orat. 40, appellans «Aethiopum reginam,» Nyssenus, hom. 7 in Cantica, vocans «Aethiopissam, dicensque eam transmisisse magnum quod intercedebat spatium, ut ad Salomonem accederet (1).» Dices: Saba hic scribitur per schin; ergo notat eam quae est in Arabia. Respondeo: Rabbinos male hic posuisse punctum in dextro cornu, itaque fecisse schin, cum ponendum esset in sinistro, legendumque sin. Porro regina haec a Josepho vocatur Nicaule, a Rabbinis in libro Juchasin, Nicolaa, a Damiano Goes in legatione Aethiopica, Maqueda. Addit Josephus ab hac regina fuisse in Judaeam primum allatum opobalsami radicem, quod tamen verisimile haud videri alibi dicetur. Addit Glycas eam fuisse Sibyllam, et de dignoscendis puellorum et puellarum faciebus aenigma proposuisse. Fabulantur nonnulli reginam hanc praedixisse in Cedrone suspendendum (Christum) qui Salomone foret sapientior. Vide Gretserum, lib. I De Cruce, cap. IV. Causa adventus ejus fuit, ut audiret disceretque sapientiam Salomonis, ut ait Christus Matth. XII, 42. Hinc sapienter S. Bernardus scribens ad Hierosolymae reginam, epist. 189, ipsi reginam hanc imitandam proponit: «Regina Austri, ait, venit audire sapientiam Salomonis, ut regi disceret et sic regeret: alioqui bene non regis, si bene non regeris.» Unde Cassiodorus, lib. X, epist. ultim. Amalesventham (id est coeli filiam) Gothorum reginam, sapientia et pietate insignem comparat cum regina Saba. Allegorice, sicut regina Saba ex Aethiopia venit ad Salomonem, ut ab eo disceret sapientiam: sic Ecclesia e Gentibus venit ad Christum, ut hauriret scientiam salutis. Ita Eucherius, Angelomus, Beda et S. Bernardus, serm. 22 in Cantic., S. Ambrosius, lib. II Offic. cap. x, S. Gregorius in Psal. vii paenit. vers. 7, Prosper, lib. II De Praedest. cap. xxvii. Idem satis insinuat Christus dicens, Matth. XII: «Regina Austri venit a finibus terrae audire sapientiam Salomonis; et ecce plus quam Salomon hic.» Vide prae ceteris Eucherium, lib. III in libros Regum, ante finem. Imo Hebraei in Berescit rabba, id est in Genesi magna, ad illud cap. xxv, vers. 6: «Emisit eos ad Orientalem plagam,» censent reginam hanc venisse ad Salomonem, eo quod ex fama tantae sapientiae et virtutum ejusdem, suspicaretur ipsum esse Messiam sive Christum, idque significare to in nomine Dei venit, etc. Ita refert Galatinus, lib. VIII, cap. III.
10:5
5. NON HABEBAT ULTRA SPIRITUM, q. d. Extra se rapta est prae admiratione et stupore, ait Vatablus. Allegorice S. Gregorius in Psal. vii paenit. 7, per reginam hanc accipiens Ecclesiam: «Electorum Ecclesia, inquit, de Gentibus congregata, cognita Christi gratia et Evangelicae doctrinae inventis magistris, abjecto superbiae spiritu, omnique elationis fastu deposito, didicit de seipsa diffidere, et in regis sui misericordia magna sperare.»
10:8
8. BEATI VIRI TUI, ET BEATI SERVI TUI, QUI STANT CORAM TE SEMPER, ET AUDIUNT SAPIENTIAM TUAM. Id verius est in Christo Salomonis antitypo, uti docet ipse Lucas x, 31. Anagogice, id verissimum erit in coelo, ubi «videbimus Deum deorum in Sion, et non habebimus ultra spiritum» prae admiratione gloriae, «quam oculus non vidit, nec auris audivit, nec in cor hominis ascendit.» Ita Angelomus. «Et revera, ait Eucherius, id quod parat Deus diligentibus se, fide non comprehenditur, spe non attingitur, caritate non capitur, desideria et vota transgreditur; acquiri potest, aestimari non potest. Videbit homo merita sua insuspicabili retributionum largitate succrescere; habebit de perceptione fructum, non habebit de satietate fastidium.»
10:11
11. ATTULIT EX OPHIR LIGNA THYINA. Hebraice almugim, vel algumim, de quibus dixi Apoc. xviii, 12. Chaldeus vertit, ligna coraliorum, quae sub aquis speciem habent ligni tanquam frutices, sed cum ad aerem educuntur, durescunt in lapidem. Vatablus vertit, lignum Brasilicum; alii, ebenum; Septuaginta vertunt πεληκητά, id est dolata. Angelomus, Thyina ligna, ait, sunt imputribilia, et spinosa in similitudinem albae spinae. Noster et Septuaginta pinea vertunt, II Paral. II, 8. Hic Noster vertit thyina, quia haec ignota ligna quae Hebraice vocantur almugim, similia erant lignis ex thyia, arbore de qua sic scribit Plinius, lib. III, 16: «Theophrastus qui primus a Magni Alexandri aetate scripsit, quae circa urbis Romae quadringentesimum quadragesimum gesta sunt annum, magnum jam huic arbori honorem tribuit, memoratas referens ex ea templorum veterum contignationes.» Transversas intelligit trabes, qualia etiam fulcra domus Domini explicantur; ex quo valde proceram fuisse arborem liquet. Additque: «quamdamque immortalitatem materiae in rectis contra vitia omnia incorruptae. Radice nihil crispius, nec aliunde pretiosiora opera.» Ita Plinius ex Theophrasto, unde recte colligas instrumenta musica ex hac arbore confecta. Theophrastus autem ipse ait hanc arborem in Aegypto nasci circa Ammonis delubrum, et in Cyrenaea regione, cupresso similem ramis et foliis, et trunco, et fructu, maxime vero sicut cupressum sylvestrem. Ita Theophrastus, libro V, capite v. Porro lib. II Paralip. II, 8, adduntur a Nostro et Septuaginta, ligna arceutina, id est juniperina; recentiores, abiegna: beros enim est abies: quia Hebraea nomina multis rebus competunt, pluresque res significant.
10:12
12. FECITQUE REX DE LIGNIS THYINIS FULCRA DOMUS DOMINI. Per «fulcra» intellige trabes. Additur II Paralip. IX, 11, ex iisdem thyinis Salomonem fecisse gradus in domo Domini.
10:13
13. QUAE REVERSA EST. Postquam omnia Salomonis facta dictaque lustrasset, ideoque multos menses, vel annum, ut volunt nonnulli, cum eo mansit; familiariter et crebro cum eo agens et colloquens, imo ut multi tradunt, ex eo concipiens filium. Adeo enim indubitatum est apud Aethiopes, quod eorum Imperatores originem ducant a Salomone, et regina Saba, ut res sit apud eos sine controversia, de quo omnes eorum libri pleni inveniuntur. Et propterea Imperatores eorum Israelitae dicuntur, eoque nomine gloriantur. Et ne aliquando regnum ad alios haereditate pervenire possit, in monte Guixen-Amba asservari solent filii Imperatorum, ut deficiente prole mascula, quae Imperatori praesenti succedat, inde Imperatorem accipere possint. Historiam vero reginae Saba, et qua ratione prolem susceperit a Salomone, ita narrant antiquissimi libri, qui in ecclesia Agsum asservantur. Narraverat mercator quidam Tamarin nomine, reversus ab Hierosolymis, reginae Saba quam viderat et audierat Salomonis gloriam et sapientiam: illa vero tanto regem visendi studio exarsit, ut statim de capessenda via agere coeperit, tandemque patriam ac regnum relinquens, Hierosolymam profecta est magno suorum procerum comitatu et pompa vere regia stipata, adeo ut vel in ipsis Hierosolymis admirationi fuerit. Ibi a Salomone magnificentissime excepta, et post septem menses edocta jam de vero unius Dei cultu, et de iis omnibus quae scire optarat, cum regressum ad patriam et regnum pararet, a Salomone ad coenam lautissimam invitata in ejus palatio pernoctavit, et a Salomone prolem concepit, quam postea transactis novem mensibus et quinque diebus in lucem edidit, cum jam regni sui fines ingrederetur. Filius ex ea natus in libris qui asservantur in ecclesia Agsum plura habet nomina, nimirum Bailnelehequem, Etraclehaquem, Ebnehaquem, Menilehec, quod ultimum nomen frequentius auditur vulgo inter Aethiopes. Et idem valet in lingua antiqua atque, assimilatur illi: reliqua nomina idem valent ac, filius sapientis. Is grandior factus matrem de patre suo saepius interrogavit, tandemque annum 22 agens re cognita, ab ea precibus impetravit ad Salomonem eundi facultatem, ductusque a mercatore illo Tamarin, cum magno comitatu et apparatu Hierosolymam pervenit, ibique a patre exceptus, cognitus est esse ejus filius. Cum ad matrem redire vellet, jussit eum Salomon in regem Aethiopiae solitis insignibus rite inaugurari, ac proinde introductus in templum per Sadoc et Joas sacerdotes, unctusque est manu propria filii principis Salomonis, vocatusque fuit David nomine avi sui, et acclamante universo populo: Vivat rex, ductus est per civitatem mula regia vectus. Post haec discessit ad matrem, cumulatus muneribus a patre acceptis, secumque filium sacerdotis Sadoc, Zachariam nomine, duxit: in domum suam introduxit ea omnia officia, quae in domo Salomonis in usu erant, quorum aliqua ii Imperatores adhuc retinent. Fingunt Aethiopes secum asportasse cum Zacharia praedicto ipsam quoque arcam Domini, quam ipsi Sionem vocant; nisi dicas, arcam aliam similem illi Mosaicae et Salomonicae fabricatam, eique datam fuisse. Exceptus a matre in regem evectus fuit, et inde mos introductus creandi in regem filios regis, cum antea non nisi virgines, quae semper innuptae remanserant, reginae creari solerent, qualis post Christum fuit Candaces regina, Actor. cap. VIII, vers. 27. Haec omnia tradit P. Emmanuel Paz e Societate nostra, qui multos annos in Aethiopia vixit, adeoque nuper ejus Imperatorem ad orthodoxum fidem convertit, in historia Aethiopiae, quam diligenter et exacte conscripsit, qui et addit reginam Saba natam in regno Tigri, quod in Abyssia est primarium, eamque vocari reginam Meridiei. Habui historiam hanc ejus manu scriptam Romae a R. P. Assistente Lusitaniae. Eadem tradunt rerum Aethiopicarum historici, ut Damianus Goes, Victorius, Franciscus Alvarez, Barrius, Abrahamus Ortelius, ac Genebrardus in Chronol. anno mundi 3150, et Maluentia De Antichristo, lib. V, cap. xiii; esto illa fabulosa aestiment Thomas Bozius, lib. XXI De Signis Ecclesiae, cap. 1, et Pineda, lib. V De Rebus Salomonis, cap. xiv, num. 46. Fieri potest, ut Aethiopes historiae huic plura addiderint fabulosa, sed tamen rem ipsam, scilicet Abyssinos Imperatores oriundos esse a Salomone et regina Saba, tot saeculorum traditione continua apud Aethiopes receptam certamque, uti mihi Romae asseruere Abyssini sacerdotes orthodoxi, durum est negare, praesertim cum Salomon trecentas habuerit concubinas, et septingentas uxores, quibus, si una haec regina Saba inseratur vel addatur, quid erit incommodi: potuit enim eam uti caeteras uxorem ducere, ut per eam, ejusque et suos posteros fidem cultumque unius veri Dei apud Aethiopes induceret et firmaret; per filium enim spurium ad id rite et efficaciter fieri non poterat. Favet quod Imperatori Abyssinae pro stemmate sit «leo stans et manu tenens erectam crucem:» leo enim fuit stemma Davidis et tribus Juda, Genes. XLIX, 9; crux est stemma Christi et Christianorum. Denique Preto-Janes, sive Abyssinus Imperator, hos sibi usurpat titulos, quos ex priscis Aethiopum monumentis recenset Ortelius in Theatro, tabula 68, suntque hi: David supremus meorum regnorum a Deo unice dilectus, Columna fidei, ortus ex stirpe Juda, Filius David, filius Salomonis, filius columnae Sionis. Filius ex semine Jacob, filius magnus Mariae, Filius Nahu secundum carnem, Filius sanctorum Petri et Pauli secundum gratiam, Imperator superioris et majoris Aethiopiae, Et amplissimarum jurisdictionum et terrarum; Rex Goae, Caffates, Fatigar, Angotae, Baru, Baliguanza, Adea, Vangua, Gojam, Ubi fontes Nili sunt, Amhara, Beguemder, Ambea, Vagunci, Tigremahon, Sabae patriae reginae Sabae, Barnagassi, et dominus usque in Nubiam, Quae in Aegyptum protenditur. Denique a Salomone per reginam Saba Abyssini acceperunt circumcisionem aliosque Judaicos ritus, quam etiamnum una cum Baptismo usurpant. Favet tempus: nam venit regina Saba ad Salomonem anno regni ejus 24, ut patet vers. 10; cum Salomon jam in mulieres pronus, uxores sibi multiplicaret, ac videret reginam hanc tot naturae dotibus instructam ad Judaismum conversam, optare illi connubio jungi, ut ex eo prolem honoratam, sapientem et fidelem conciperet: sicut de illa Thalestri Amazonum regina scribit Justinus, lib. XII, occurrisse Alexandro cum trecentis millibus mulierum, viginti quinque dierum inter infestissimas gentes itinere confecto, ex rege liberos quesituram: post triginta igitur dies utero pleno discessisse.
10:14
14. ERAT AUTEM PONDUS AURI, QUOD AFFEREBATUR SALOMONI (ex Ophir, Tharsis et aliunde quam ex tributis, haec enim mox excipiuntur) PER ANNOS SINGULOS SEXCENTORUM SEXAGINTA SEX TALENTORUM AURI, quae faciunt octo milliones aureorum coronatorum Francicorum, exceptis octo eorumdem millibus: jam octo milliones coronatorum Francicorum faciunt 24 milliones florenorum Belgicorum; unus enim coronatus Francicus valet tres florenos Brabanticos, sive Belgicos: licet enim initio ex Ophir tantum allata sint Salomoni 420 talenta, ut dictum est cap. ix, 28, tamen paulatim crescente cura, et numero fossorum, plura allata fuere. Imo Vilalpandus, tom. II, lib. V, cap. xlvi, et Pineda, lib. IV, cap. vi, in fine, censent pro immensis sumptibus fabricae templi, palatiorum et urbium Salomonem triplicem misisse classem, quarum singulae tertio quoque anno redirent confecto cursu; singulis tamen annis una rediret, et primam quidem classem quadringenta et viginti auri talenta devexisse, alteram quadringenta quinquaginta, tertiam vero crescente hominum industria, et fossorum multitudine, auri cupiditate etiam, sexcenta et plura talenta reportasse, uti hic dicitur, nam 450 talentorum secundae classis mentio est II Paral. viii, 18, sicut 420 talenta primae classi assignantur III Reg. ix, 28. Favet Anastasius Sinaita, lib. X Hexam. dicens classem Salomonis singulis annis rediisse ex Tharsis.
10:15
15. EXCEPTO EO QUOD AFFEREBANT VIRI QUI SUPER VECTIGALIA ERANT. Septuaginta, absque tributis subditorum et mercatorum, qui negotiabantur. Hinc patet tributa et vectigalia Salomonis excludi a sexcentis sexaginta sex talentis jam dictis; ideoque illa ei allata fuisse ex Ophir et Tharsis, etc. Ita Salianus. Porro tributa haec ingentia erant, adeo ut propter ea populus contra Roboam rebellarit, ut audiemus cap. xii. ET NEGOTIATORES, quos Salomon misit ad emendum et comparandum aurum, vel qui partem auri a se comparati Salomoni pendebant pro tributo. ET SCRUTA (ita legendum cum Romanis, non scuta, uti legunt Lyranus, Abulensis, Hugo et alii) VENDENTES, qui scilicet non tantum res veteres, sed et novas minutim per ulnas et libras divendebant, quos Galli les merciers, id est merciarios vocant, qui merces quascumque particulatim distrahunt. Hebraice est, ex negotiatione aromatariorum, q. d. Salomon ex minimis etiam mercibus et institoribus, quales sunt aromatarii, colligebat tributum. Nam, ut aiebat Vespasianus Imperator: «Lucrum ex qualibet re licet sordida bene olet,» quia «dulcis odor lucri.» ET OMNES REGES ARABIAE DUCESQUE TERRAE, id est «satrapae terrarum,» ut dicitur II Paral. ix, 14. Puta principes et praefecti terrarum Judaeae vicinarum. Ex his omnibus patet quantae et quam immensae fuerint opes Salomonis; Deus enim in sinum ejus aurum et argentum undequaque congerere videbatur: et ipse sua sapientia mille modos illud congerendi excogitabat. Vide Pinedam, lib. IV De Salomone, cap. xix, et Vilalpandus, tom. II, lib. V, cap. xxiv usque ad cap. xliv, ubi docet Salomonis opes majores fuisse quam fuerint Imperatorum Assyriorum, Babyloniorum, Medorum, Graecorum, Romanorum caeterorumque omnium. Haec munera reges obtulerunt Salomoni ob ejus divinam sapientiam et virtutem, optantes ab eo instrui et dirigi, imo se et sua regna, ait Severus Sulpitius, Salomoni regenda offerebant; idque satis innuitur vers. 23. Salomon hic fuit typus Christi, de quo cecinit David, Psalm. LXXI, 9: «Coram illo procident Aethiopes.» Et: «Reges Tharsis et insulae munera offerent; reges Arabum et Saba dona adducent. Et adorabunt eum omnes reges terrae, omnes gentes servient ei.»
10:16
16. FECIT QUOQUE REX SALOMON DUCENTA SCUTA, lib. II Paralip. cap. ix, vers. 15, pro scutis ponuntur «hastae,» sed hastae vocantur scuta acuminata instar hastarum; sic etiam una sunt clypei hastati, id est umbonem et cuspidem habentes, tamque valent ad protegendum corpus, quam ad hostem transfigendum. Idipsum ostendit Vilalpandus, pagina 527, ex Polybio qui ait, «umbone posse averti vehementiores hostium ictus,» et ex Suetonio, qui in Julio Caesare, cap. LXVIII, ait eodem posse «impelli hostem,» imo «sterni,» ut ait Livius, lib. X. Et hoc significat Hebraice tsinna a radice tsanan, id est acuere et esse acutum. Unde Noster tsinna, nunc vertit scutum, nunc hastam, nunc loricam, nunc contum. Sic et Septuaginta. Vide Pinedam, lib. V Salomonis cap. vi, num. 1. SEXCENTOS AURI SICLOS DEDIT IN LAMINAS SCUTI UNIUS. Siclus est semuncia, sexcenti sicli ergo sunt sexcenta semunciae, quae faciunt libras 25. Quare haec scuta aeque ac peltae non tam ad bellandum (quis enim miles cum armis ferret scutum 25 librarum) quam ad magnificentiam et ostentationem fabricata sunt. Unde ea Salomon reposuit in domo saltus Libani, ut sequitur.
10:17
17. TRECENTAS PELTAS. Scutum est clypeus magnus totum pene tegens hominem, pelta est clypeus brevior, habens formam lunae corniculatae. Unde Virgilius, lib. I Aeneid.: Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis. TRECENTAE MINAE AURI UNAM PELTAM VESTIEBANT. Mina Hebraea continet 60 siclos, id est 30 uncias, puta duas libras cum media; «trecentae minae auri» ergo faciunt libras 750. Verum quia hoc pondus in pelta videtur enorme, hinc nonnulli per minam hic intelligunt siclum, cujus mentio facta est vers. praecedenti, nam hoc versu in Hebraeo similis prorsus est sermo: sicut enim ibi dixit quodlibet scutum fuisse sexcentorum aureorum, scilicet siclorum (pondus enim sicli apud Hebraeos erat usitatissimum), sic hic ait quamlibet peltam fuisse trecentorum aureorum, scilicet siclorum. Sic et Josephus minam pro siclo usurpat, cum ait Josephum a fratribus venditum viginti minis, hoc est siclis argenti. Hinc Septuaginta et Chaldaei pro trecentis siclis, vertunt, tres minae (unde suspicari quis posset Nostrum qui sequi solet Septuaginta vertisse tres, non triginta); porro mina Romana aeque ac Attica continebat siclos 25, hoc est 100 drachmas, puta centum aureos. Aureus enim habet pondus unius drachmae: quare tres minae Atticae pendent valentque trecentos aureos. Melius, ut dixi, per trecentos aureos, intelligas siclos, quorum quisque pendebat, et valebat quatuor drachmas, hoc est quatuor aureos.
10:18
18. FECIT ETIAM REX SALOMON THRONUM DE EBORE GRANDEM, ET VESTIVIT EUM AURO FULVO NIMIS, tum ut in eo quasi rex magnifice, velut in solio regali consideret; tum ut in eo suorum lites causasque quasi judex decideret (judicum enim est sedere in soliis) ut omnibus eum videre, audire et consulere cupientibus, aures et responsa daret. Allegorice, Salomon hic repraesentavit potestatem judiciariam datam a Deo Christo, qua homo est, ejusque solium gloriosum, in quo residebit in die judicii, judicabitque «omnes tribus terrae.» Ita Rupertus, Eucherius et Angelomus. Audi Eucherium: «Thronus eburneus aeterni judicii potestatem auro divinitatis fulgentem, quam Dominicus homo a Patre accepit figuram gestasse non dubium est. Sex gradus hujus throni, omnem creaturam visibilem et invisibilem, quae sex diebus facta est et Christo Domino a Patre subjecta, typice demonstrabant. Quod autem ipse thronus in posteriore sui parte rotundus esse describitur, hoc procul dubio datur intelligi, quia praesens mundus, qui per metas temporum volvitur, in sua extremitate a Domino sit judicandus. At vero duodecim leunculi per sex gradus bini stantes, sanctorum Apostolorum lineabant potestatem, quibus dictum est a Domino: Sedebitis super duodecim thronos, judicantes duodecim tribus Israel.» Symbolice, thronus hic significat B. Virginem, ex qua verus Salomon, puta aeterna Dei Sapientia, carnem assumpsit, in eaque quasi in throno suo ebore puriore, leonibus fortiore, et auro per charitatem fulgentiore ad novem menses consedit: unde ipsa ab Ecclesia in litaniis vocatur et invocatur «thronus Salomonis.» Ita Lyranus. Hic B. Petrus Damianus egregium sermonem de hoc throno Salomonis habuit in Nativit. B. Virginis, ubi illum Virgini eleganter accommodat et subjicit: «Fecit, inquit, thronum, uterum videlicet intemeratae Virginis in quo sedit illa Majestas. Hanc sessionem Filii et probavit et cognovit Pater, ipso dicente: Tu cognovisti sessionem meam.» Et: «Thronus tuus Deus in saeculum saeculi.» Et: «Thronus iste sicut sol in conspectu tuo.» Et post pauca: «Et vox de throno exivit dicens: Laudem dicite Deo nostro omnes sancti ejus.» Et ex throno, inquit, hoc est ex Virgine laus Angelorum prorumpit et hominum, quia dum hic restituitur, ille resarcitur, utrique gratiarum debent devotionem. Nosti quidnam dicat qui sedet in throno? Ecce nova facio omnia. Felix thronus, in quo sedit dominator Dominus, in quo et per quem non solum omnes, sed etiam omnia renovantur.» Et post nonnulla: «Quid grandius Virgine Maria, quae magnitudinem summae divinitatis intra sui ventris clausit arcanum? Attende Seraphim, et in illius superioris naturae supervola dignitatem, et videbis quidquid majus est, minus Virgine, solumque opificem opus istud supergredi.» Vide plura apud eumdem, ubi singula throni hujus applicat B. Virgini.
10:19
19. ET DUO LEONES STABANT. Leo enim erat insigne tribus Juda, Davidis et Salomonis ob robur et regnum, Genes. cap. XLIX, vers. 5. Ita et Christi eorum antitypi, Apoc. cap. v, vers. 3. Vide ibi dicta. Symbolice, leo notat vigilantiam (leo enim apertis oculis dormit) et fortitudinem, quam debet habere rex et judex, ut vires impiorum retundat et frangat. Vide Eccli. cap. vii, vers. 6: «Noli, inquit, quaerere fieri judex, nisi valeas virtute irrumpere iniquitates, ne forte extimescas faciem potentis, et ponas scandalum in aequitate tua.» Vide ibi dicta. Porro nova est opinio Pinedae, lib. IV De Salomone, cap. xiv, ubi multis argumentis probare contendit «Tharsis» esse Tartessum, et Hispaniam Baeticam, ubi est sita Hispalis, vulgo Sevilla, quae olim auro abundabat, ut patriae suae hoc decus Salomonicae classis arroget. Censet ergo ipse unam duntaxat eamdemque fuisse Salomonis classem, quae ex Asiongaber sita in sinu Arabico, sive mari Rubro, solvens, primo navigarit in Oceanum, ac per promontorium Bonae-Spei omnia Africae littora Gades usque circumvecta, venerit «in Tharsis» id est Tartessum et Hispaniam; inde rediens, eadem Africae littora relegens navigaverit in Indiam Orientalem, puta in Taprobanam et Sumatram, indeque tertio demum anno in portum Asiongaber, ex quo solverat, redierit. Verum sic prius debuisset haec classis ex Tharsis redire in Asiongaber, ibique merces suas in Tharsis et Tartesso comparatas exponere, ac deinde in Ophir, id est in Sumatram navigare. Cur enim merces in Tharsis comparatas novae longaeque navigationis in Indiam et Sumatram periculo exposuisset, cum facile eas exponere posset in Asiongaber, quae nautis ex Tharsis sive ex Tartesso tendentibus in Indiam necessario praeternaviganda erat? Sane fuisset haec periculosa nimis, ut videtur, temeraria et imprudens navigatio, qua tot pretiosae merces credebantur navi et mari infido, cum in portum vicinum secure deponi possent.
10:21
21. Non erat argentum (scilicet in vasis et supellectile Salomonis, quia haec tota erat ex auro: vel potius, «non erat,» scilicet in aestimatione. Unde explicans subdit): NEC ALICUJUS PRETII PUTABATUR, nam alioqui vers. 22, addit ex Tharsis Salomoni allatum fuisse tam argentum, quam aurum.
10:22
22. QUIA CLASSIS REGIS PER MARE CUM CLASSE HIRAM SEMEL PER TRES ANNOS IBAT IN THARSIS, DEFERENS INDE AURUM ET ARGENTUM, ET DENTES ELEPHANTORUM (ebur) ET SIMIAS ET PAVOS. Quaeres, an haec classis Salomonis navigans in Tharsis sit eadem cum classe navigante in Ophir, de qua vers. 11? Putant nonnulli fuisse unam eamdemque: «Ophir» enim et «Tharsis» vocari immensum mare, vastissimas regiones et valde peregrinas, qualis est India sive Orientalis sive Occidentalis. Ita Josephus Acosta, lib. III De Novo orbe, cap. xiv, et alii. Hi ergo per «Ophir et Tharsis» accipiunt mare Indicum, ejusque emporia ad quae navigarit classis Salomonis solvens ex Asiongaber sita in mari Rubro, uti ex eadem solvens classis Josaphat navigavit «in Tharsis,» id est in Indiam Orientalem, uti dicitur II Paralip. cap. xx, 36. Idem insinuat Josephus Hebraeus. Planius alii censent fuisse duas classes: nam illa ibat in Ophir, haec in Tharsis: illa ex Ophir afferebat aurum Ophirinum et ligna thyina; haec ex Tharsis aurum et argentum, ebur, simias et pavos: illa quotannis ibat in Ophir, ut patet vers. 14. Haec semel in triennio ibat in Tharsis, ut hic dicitur: illa solvebat ex Asiongaber sita in sinu Arabico, haec ex Joppe sita ad mare Mediterraneum. Quare per Tharsis accipe hic mare Mediterraneum. Tharsis enim fuit filius Javan, Gen. x, 4, qui primus post diluvium incoluit Ciliciam, cujus metropolis est Tharsus; inde mare vicinum, et tandem reliquum mare Mediterraneum dictum est Tharsis: Cilices enim olim hoc toto fere dominabantur. Sic Jonas cap. I, vers. 3, «fugit in Tharsis,» id est in mare Mediterraneum. Ita Ribera ibidem, Salianus et alii. Haec ergo classis solvens ex Tyro, vel ex Joppe, navigabat «in Tharsis,» id est in vicinum sibi mare Mediterraneum, variaque littora, portus et emporia tum Africae, tum Europae, tum Asiae, ut Arabiae, Anatoliae, Graeciae, Dalmatiae, Galliae, Italiae, Hispaniae, Mauritaniae, Cypri, Cretae, Siciliae, Sardiniae, Cycladum, etc., mare huic adjacentia obibat, et quidquid alicubi praeclarum pretiosumque erat, pro Salomone coemebat. Quare multis stationibus usa, non nisi tertio anno, ut ait Josephus, domum redibat. Quod si quis velit eam ex mari Mediterraneo ulterius perrexisse in Oceanum, et navigasse in Brasiliam, Peru et Mexico, uti modo faciunt Hispani, non repugnabo, ac facilius id concesserim de hac classe, quam de altera navigante in Ophir; haec enim triennium impendebat in itu et reditu, illa vero in Ophir unum annum duntaxat.
10:27
27. FECITQUE UT TANTA ESSET ABUNDANTIA ARGENTI IN JERUSALEM, QUANTA ET LAPIDUM. Est hyperbole, q. d. Fecit ut maxima esset abundantia argenti, qualis est lapidum. Nam alioqui lapidum major erat copia quam argenti.
10:28
28. NEGOTIATORES ENIM REGIS EMEBANT (equos) DE COA, ET STATUTO PRETIO PERDUCEBANT. Pro de Coa, Hebraice est miccoa, quod Noster et Septuaginta accipiunt, ut nomen proprium loci, punctantque et legunt miccoa, vertuntque, de Coa, licet in Septuaginta corrupte legatur, de Ecue vel Thecue. Videtur Coa fuisse urbs vel regio occidentalis Aegypti in qua erat equorum negotiatio celeberrima, de qua Stephanus Byzantius. Ita Serarius. Chaldaeus vero aliis punctis legens micue, vertit, collectio mercatorum regis emebant collectionem pretio. Chaldaeum secuti R. David, R. Salomon, R. Joseph, et R. Levi apud Pagninum varie exponunt; sed omnium summa haec est, multitudinem mercatorum dato pretio ex Aegypto eduxisse multitudinem vel byssi, vel telae, vel equorum, vel aliarum rerum. Sed standum est versioni S. Hieronymi et Septuaginta. Nonnulli putarunt Coam esse Coam, quae est sedes proregis regis Lusitaniae in India Orientali; sed haec longissime abest ab Aegypto et Jerosolymis. Porro dignitatem et magnificentiam regis maxime consistere in satellitum, equitum, curruum numero et pompa, ex Athenaeo, Aeliano, Xenophonte et aliis docet Brissonius, lib. I De Regno Persarum. Unde Julianus Apostata «cum removisset fastum palatii, contemptibile reddidit imperium,» ait Socrates, lib. III Hist. cap. 1, et Cassiodorus, lib. VI Tripart. cap. 1, sed hac in re, uti et in aliis omnibus, modus servandus est.
10:29
29. EGREDIEBATUR AUTEM QUADRIGA EX AEGYPTO SEXCENTIS SICLIS ARGENTI, ET EQUUS CENTUM QUINQUAGINTA. «Quadriga,» id est quatuor equi, qui currum sive quadrigam trahunt. Quisque enim equus stabat 150 siclis: quatuor ergo equi stabant sexcentis siclis; quocirca ipse currus sive quadriga, alio pretio comparanda erat; ita Abulensis. Siclus argenti est semuncia, sive quatuor drachmae argenti, puta quatuor julii Romani, sive quatuor regales Hispanici, qui faciunt florenum Brabanticum sive Belgicum. Sexcenti sicli igitur sunt sexcenti floreni Brabantici. ATQUE IN HUNC MODUM CUNCTI REGES HETHAEORUM ET SYRIAE EQUOS VENUNDABANT. Recte vertit Noster interpres. Nam articulus lamed praefixus, licet ordinarie sit nota dativi, tamen subinde est nota ablativi, idemque valet quod a, ex, de. Unde sic ex Hebraeo vertas, et sic de cunctis regibus Hethaeorum et Syrorum per manus eorum exibant, id est vendebantur Salomoni. Porro Septuaginta, Chaldaeus et Rabbini lamed accipientes ut notam dativi, contrarie vertunt: Sic (600 siclis) educebant ex Aegypto equos cunctis regibus Hethaeorum et Syrorum; vide Abulensem qui egregie Vulgatam versionem hic propugnat. Denique tanta rerum omnium opulentia, felicitas et gloria a Deo data fuit Salomoni ob ejus sapientiam et virtutem, ut omnes Israelitae eamdem imitarentur ob spem eorumdem praemiorum: ideoque Deo vero servirent, non idolis, videntes Deum verum majora dare soli Salomoni, quam omnia idola suis cultoribus. Israelitae enim crassi et rudes non nisi terrena capiebant et sapiebant, uti et modo faciunt posteri eorum Judaei. Secundo, ut reges Syrorum, Aegyptiorum, Arabum, imo totius mundi incitarentur ad colendum Deum Salomonis, ut similem magnificentiam a Deo adipiscerentur, qualem adeptus erat Salomon, uti fecit regina Saba, aliique reges cordati. Tertio, ut in Salomone daret specimen et tenuem ideam felicitatis et gloriae aeternae, quam suis electis ab aeterno praeparavit in coelo. Quarto, ut ostenderet in Salomone quam vana esset omnis opulentia et gloria hujus mundi, utpote quae mox cum ipso Salomone instar fumi evanuit, ut dicerent: «Sic transit gloria mundi.» Quare veram felicitatem et gloriam sitam esse in bonis coelestibus et aeternis, ut ea homines ambirent; idque clare ostendit Deus in Salomone, cujus felicitas mera fuit infelicitas, uti jam patebit: gloria enim ejus mox facta est ingloria, et fama infamia, ac opulentia paupertas: nam filius ejus Roboam, amissis decem tribubus Israel, unam solam tribum Juda aegre retinuit.
10:1
… Per questo fin dall'antichità fu usato nel culto sacro, come nella consacrazione di altari, vasi e luoghi (Gen. 28, 18; 35, 14; Ex. 30, 24 sgg.; 40, 9, sgg.), dei sacerdoti (ibid. 29, 7 sgg.; Lev. 8, 11), dei re (I Reg. 10, 1; 16, 13); nei sacrifici e nelle oblazioni delle primizie (Lev. 2, 1 sgg.; Deut. 14, 23); nella purificazione dei lebbrosi (Lev. 14). Il Salvatore è detto «Cristo» (Unto) per antonomasia. …
RE, I E II (III E IV) LIBRO DEI
Delle fonti non citate esplicitamente nel libro dei R. alcune dovevano essere d'origine aulica, da cui deriverebbero l'elenco dei ministri e dei prefetti di Salomone (I Reg. 4, 2-19), il panegirico della grandezza del medesimo (ibid. 4, 20-34), il racconto della visita della Regina di Saba (ibid. 10, 1-29); altre di origine sacerdotale, che narrano la costruzione del Tempio (ibid. 6, 1-7, 50), la rivolta contro Athalia, organizzata dal sommo sacerdote Ioiada (II Reg. 11, 1-20), i restauri …
… Menzioni di S. si trovano in alcuni passi del Vecchio Testamento: oltre a qualche notazione genealogica, vi è narrato l'omaggio reso da una regina di S. a Salomone (I Reg. 10, 1-13; II Par. 9, 1-12). Altre brevi informazioni indirette provengono da iscrizioni assire del sec. VIII a. C., che pure danno notizia di omaggi di capi sabei: è probabile che si tratti …
… La visita della Regina del regno arabo settentrionale di Saba (I Reg. 10, 1-13) fu una riprova di questa ampiezza di interessi del sovrano.
10:4
AZARIA (EBR. 'AZARJAH[Ú] « JAHWEH SOCCORRE »)
5) Due dei cinque capi-centuria della guardia reale, che, diretti dal sommo sacerdote Jojada, rovesciarono Atalia (v.), uccidendola fuori del recinto del Tempio e proclamando re di Giuda il fanciullo Joas (II Par. 23, 1-21; cf. I Reg. 10, 4-12).
10:8
L'esclamazione declarativa iniziata con « beato » (ebr. 'afri, « beatitudini di... ») ricorre nel Vecchio Testamento (Deut. 33, 29; I Reg. 10, 8; Job 5, 17; Prov. 3, 13, 18, e altre 6 volte; Eccle. 10, 17; Is. 30, 18; 32, 20; 56, 2; Dan. 12, 12), specialmente nei Salmi (Ps. 1, 1, e altre 25 volte). …
10:12
… In tale senso i discepoli delle scuole profetiche furono denominati filii prophetarum, e il loro maestro fu detto pater (I Reg. 10, 12; I Sam. 40, 35); s. Paolo si dice « padre » dei nuovi convertiti (I Cor. 4, 15).
10:16
Māšīah, participio passivo, come māšīah, del verbo mīh « ungere » (col senso, generalmente, di consacrare qualcuno per un'alta funzione religioso-sociale: sacerdote [Ex. 28, 41 e 30, 23-32; Lev. 8, 12], profeta [I Reg. 10, 16] o re [I Sam. 10, 1; ecc.]), ricorre 35 volte nella Bibbia ebraica. È tradotto dai Settanta χριστός (solo Lev. 4, 3 κεχρισμένος), ma da Aquila Ἀλεμμένος (cf. s. Cirillo Gerosol., Cat., …
10:17
… legno, suddivise in 3 file di 15 colonne ciascuna (I Reg. 7, 2-5). Nella parte superiore sulle navate laterali, vi erano delle camere destinate forse al deposito di armi mentre nelle pareti più alte della navata centrale vi erano forse le finestre (I Reg. 10, 17; Is. 22, 8).
MINA (EBR. MÂNEH; GR. ΜΝΑ͂; LAT. MINA O MNA)
MINA (ebr. mâneh; gr. μνᾶ; lat. mina o mna). - Unità di peso, usata nell'età biblica per l'oro (I Reg. 10, 17) e per l'argento (Estd. 2, 69; Neh. 7, 71) ed improntata al sistema ponderale babilonese, dove la m. (manū « contare ») era di gr. 502,2 e corrispondeva ad 1/60 di talento (kg. 30,13) …
10:22
Salomone (I Reg. 9, 28; 10, 22), che il re Iosaphat
… 163; IV, 152). Era una ricca colonia di Tiro (Is. 23; Ez. 27, 12), celebre per il commercio (ibid. 38, 13); vi si estrateva l'argento (Ier. 10, 9). Spesso nel Vecchio Testamento si parla di «navi di T.», navi ampie adibite per lunghe navigazioni (I Reg. 10, 22; 22, 49; Is. 2, 16; Ez. 27, 25; Ps. 48, 8). Nella tavola delle genti, T. appare tra i figli di Iavan (Gen. 10, 4; I Par. 1, 7): «Jonici» della Grecia e dell'Asia Minore. …
10:27
SEPHELA (EBR. HAŠ-ŠEPHĒLAH « BASSOPIANO »)
… Così il sicomoro che vegeta principalmente nel terreno sabbioso della costa è considerato come una caratteristica della S. (I Reg. 10, 27). Nella lista delle città assegnate a Giuda nella S. (Ios. 15, 45) alcune località, anche ritenendo sospetta l'inserzione di Gaza, Azoto e Accaron ('Eqrôn'), sono geograficamente fuori …
10:28
La regione era rinomata per l'allevamento dei cavalli e Salomone ne importò numerosi da Coa (C. orientale) e da Musur (I Reg. 10, 28). I Greci ebbero colonie sulla costa, ma la ellenizzazione, cominciata dopo la conquista di Alessandro Magno, si accentuò con i successori, le cui lotte portarono il paese e dipendere …
… ne ha in dote la città di Gazer (I Reg. 3, 1; 9, 16); si tratterebbe di Psusennes I, figlio di Smendes, secondo sovrano della XXI dinastia nel Delta; da allora pare che i rapporti fra E. e Palestina si facciano più frequenti, o ai tratti di Salomone (I Reg. 10, 28 sg.) che acquista carri e cavalli in E., o vi
10:29
Espliciti per un «regno» degli H. sono: I Reg. 10, 29: Salomone procurava dei cavalli per i «re» degli H. e per quelli di Damasco; II Reg. 7, 6: «Ecco che il re d'Israele si è alleato contro noi (Siri) ai 're' degli H. e degli Egiziani …
10:45
… grande stima e influenza: Iehu (842 a. C.) lo volle al suo fianco, sul suo stesso cocchio, quando, dopo la strage della dinastia degli Omridi, s'avviava a Samaria per assidersi sul trono d'Israele e attuare la carneficina di tutti i cultori di Baal (ibid. 10, 45). Geremia incontra i R. a Gerusalemme, dove hanno cercato asilo dinanzi all'avanzata dell'esercito di Nabuchodonosor (588 a. C.), e rinfaccia l'esempio della loro fedeltà secolare …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.