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Parastron (Barastron), GiovanniVol. IX, p. 522 PARASTRON (BARASTRON), GIOVANNI. — Minorite, a Greek citizen of Constantinople, born around the middle of the 13th century, died in Constantinople in 1275.…
Parato, Giovanni and Antonino(PARATO, GIOVANNI E ANTONINO)Vol. IX, p. 522 PARATO, GIOVANNI and ANTONINO. — GIOVANNI, teacher and educationalist, born at Sommariva Bosco (Cuneo) in 1816, died at Turin in 1874. Ordained a priest in…
Paray-le-Monial, Sanctuary of(PARAY-LE-MONIAL, SANTUARIO DI)Vol. IX, p. 522 PARAY-LE-MONIAL, SANCTUARY of. - This city belongs to the diocese of Autun; it was an ancient Benedictine priory (10th cent.) and is one of the most important…
Paraíba, Diocese of(PARAÍBA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 516 PARAÍBA, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the State of P. in Brazil. It has an area of 64,000 sq km and a population of 679,087 inhabitants, of whom 645,132…
ParcaVol. IX, p. 522 PARCA. – Par(i)ca, from Lat. pario = “I give birth” (etymologies from parco and partior are to be rejected), is the goddess, originally conceived as a single…
Pardo de Tavera, JuanVol. IX, p. 523 PARDO DE TAVERA, JUAN. - Statesman and cardinal, b. at Toro (Zamora) on 16 May 1472, d. at Toledo on 1 Aug. 1545; he studied at Salamanca and was elected…
Pardon of Assisi, Indulgence of(PERDONO D'ASSISI, INDULGENZA DEL)Vol. IX, p. 709 PERDONO D'ASSISI, INDULGENZA del. — Also called the indulgence of the Porziuncola, because it is attached to the visitation of the chapel of the Porziuncola in…
Parental Authority(AUTORITÀ FAMILIARE)Vol. II, p. 306 AUTORITÀ FAMILIARE: v. FAMIGLIA.
Parental Authority(PATRIA POTESTÀ)Vol. IX, p. 595 PATRIA POTESTÀ. – I. CONCEPT AND GENERAL REMARKS. – The legal institution of p. p. may be defined as the complex of rights and duties that the law attributes…
ParentaliaVol. IX, p. 523 PARENTALIA. - In ancient Roman religion this was the name given to a series of days beginning on 13 February and ending on the 21st of the same month. While…
Parenti, GiovanniVol. IX, p. 524 PARENTI, GIOVANNI. — Friar Minor, born, it seems, at Carmignano near Florence in the second half of the 12th century and died at Ornano (Corsica) in 1250. A…
Parents(GENITORI)Vol. VI, p. 28 GENITORI. - I. DEFINITION. – Parents, from the Latin genitor, are those who have brought us forth into life. St. Thomas calls them: “the particular principle…
Parenzo, PietroVol. IX, p. 526 PARENZO, PIETRO. – Of a noble Roman family, he was sent by Innocent III, at the request of the citizens, as rector or podestà of Orvieto in February 1199, with…
Pareto, VilfredoVol. IX, p. 526 PARETO, VILFREDO. — Economist, of Genoese family, born on 15 July 1848 in Paris, where his father Raffaele was an exile following the Genoese uprisings of…
Parini, GiuseppeVol. IX, p. 535 PARINI, GIUSEPPE. — Poet, born at Bosisio (Brianza) on 23 May 1729, died at Milan on 15 August 1799. He studied in Milan at the Arcimboldi Schools, conducted…
Paris Foreign Missions Society(SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DI PARIGI)Vol. XI, p. 523 SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DI PARIGI. — It is the oldest exclusively missionary Institute, founded in 1660 by the first apostolic vicars of East Asia,…
Paris, Archdiocese of(PARIGI, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 527 PARIGI, ARCIDIOCESI of. — City and archdiocese, capital of France in the department of the Seine, coinciding with the ecclesiastical territory of the…
Paris, François deVol. IX, p. 536 PARIS, FRANÇOIS de. - Jansenist deacon, b. in Paris on 30 June 1690, d. there on 1 May 1727. The eldest son of a wealthy counsellor of the Parlement of Paris,…
Parish(PARROCCHIA)Vol. IX, p. 544 PARROCCHIA. — It is an institution of ecclesiastical origin, arising within the diocese for the direct pastoral care of the souls included in a particular…
Parish Priest(PARROCO)Vol. IX, p. 546 PARROCO. — He is a priest or a juridical person to whom a parish (v.) is conferred in title, together with the care of souls, to be exercised subject to the…
Parish Registers(LIBRI PARROCCHIALI)Vol. VII, p. 788 PARISH REGISTERS. — They are believed to have had a very ancient origin (they may be mentioned in Nov. 74, IV, 1–2 of Justinian). In the Middle Ages there are…
Parish Vicar(VICARIO PARROCCHIALE)Vol. XII, p. 869 VICARIO PARROCCHIALE. – He is the priest who takes the place of the parish priest in the exercise of the care of souls. There are five kinds of v. p. The…
Parisot, Pierre Curel (Father Norbert, Abbé Platel)(PARISOT, PIERRE CUREL (PADRE NORBERTO, ABBÉ PLATEL))Vol. IX, p. 536 PARISOT, PIERRE CUREL (PADRE NORBERTO, ABBÉ PLATEL). - Writer, b. at Bar-le-Duc (Lorraine) in 1697, d. at Commercy (Lorraine) on 7 July 1769. A Capuchin in…
Parker, Matthew(PARKER, MATTEW)Vol. IX, p. 536 PARKER, MATTEW. - Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Norwich on 6 Aug. 1504, d. in May 1575; he became chaplain to Anne Boleyn in 1535, and…
Parliament(PARLAMENTO)Vol. IX, p. 536 PARLIAMENT. — I. HISTORY. — The term parlamentum was used in the Middle Ages to designate institutions differing from one another: on the one hand, the general…
Parliamentary Privileges(PREROGATIVE PARLAMENTARI)Vol. IX, p. 1166 PARLIAMENTARY PREROGATIVES. — Parliamentarians have traditionally been recognized (v. an example in the English “bill” of rights of 13 Feb. 1688) as possessing…
Parma, Diocese of(PARMA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 539 PARMA, DIOCESI di. – City situated 49 m above sea level and traversed by the river of the same name, not far from the right bank of the Po. It has an area of…
Parmenas ("Constant")(PARMENAS (« COSTANTE »))Vol. IX, p. 541 PARMENAS (“constant”). – The sixth of the seven deacons chosen and consecrated by the Apostles to attend to the widows of the converted Hellenistic Jews (Act.…
Parmenian(PARMENIANO)Vol. IX, p. 541 PARMENIANO. — Donatist bishop of Carthage. S. Ottato (I, 5; III, 3) calls him “a foreigner” (peregrinus) and therefore not well informed about African matters;…
Parmigianino, Francesco Mazzola, detto IlVol. IX, p. 542 PARMIGIANINO, FRANCESCO MAZZOLA, called il — Painter and engraver, born in Parma, to Filippo, a Bellini-inspired painter, on 11 January 1503, died at…
Parnassianism(PARNASSIANESIMO)Vol. IX, p. 542 PARNASSIANISM. – Literary movement of the second half of the nineteenth century. The poets who, to a greater or lesser extent, deserve the name of Parnassians…
Parnaíba, Diocese of(PARNAIBA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 542 PARNAIBA, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the State of Piauí in Brazil. It has an area of 25,679 sq. km and a population of 275,214 inhabitants, of whom…
Parocchi, Lucido MariaVol. IX, p. 543 PAROCCHI, LUCIDO MARIA. — Cardinal, born in Mantua on 13 August 1833, died in Rome on 15 January 1903. Ordained a priest in 1856, he was professor of moral…
Parochial Registers(REGISTRI PARROCCHIALI)Vol. X, p. 392 REGISTRI PARROCCHIALI: v. LIBRI PARROCCHIALI.
Parousia(PARUSIA)Vol. IX, p. 554 PARUSIA. – A Greek term (παρουσία) which in the New Testament designates (16 times out of 24) the second coming of Jesus for the concluding phase of the…
Parravicini, Luigi AlessandroVol. IX, p. 543 PARRAVICINI, LUIGI ALESSANDRO. - Pedagogist, born in Milan in 1800, died in Venice on August 4, 1880. Director of the elementary schools of Como for 16 years,…
Parricide(PARRICIDIO)Vol. IX, p. 543 PARRICIDIO. — In common usage, this denotes the killing of one’s father, or also the killing of a child by his father. In criminal law, p. means the killing of…
Parsism(PARSISMO)Vol. IX, p. 547 PARSISMO. — This is the name given to that small group of Persians who followed Zarathustra (v. PERSIANI, religione dei) and who, unwilling to renounce their…
Partenius I, Patriarch of Constantinople(PARTENIO I, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. IX, p. 549 PARTENIUS I, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE. — He held this office from 1639 to 1644, when, forced to yield his place to his successor Partenius II (1645–51), he…
Parthians(PARTI)Vol. IX, p. 549 PARTI. — A people of the Iranian group, inhabiting the region between the Caspian and the central Persian desert (the northern part of present-day Horāsān):…
Partiality(ACCETTAZIONE DI PERSONA)Vol. I, p. 136 ACCEPTANCE OF PERSON. – An expression proper to ecclesiastical language, more or less synonymous with partiality. It is used, in fact, to designate a judgment…
Participation(COMPARTECIPAZIONE)Vol. IV, p. 75 COMPARTECIPAZIONE. – I. NATURE. – An agricultural contract by which an individual worker performs labor in connection with specified crops in return for a…
Participation(PARTECIPAZIONE)Vol. IX, p. 548 PARTICIPATION. — P. or methexis (Gr. μέθεξις), as a philosophical concept, received its first determination in Platonism. Plato uses the term: 1st (together…
Participation in Crime(CONCORSO NEL DELITTO)Vol. IV, p. 135 CONCORSO NEL DELITTO: v. COOPERAZIONE NEL DELITTO.
Participationism(PARTECIPAZIONISMO)Vol. IX, p. 548 PARTECIPAZIONISMO. — The various forms thus far implemented of employees’ participation in the management of enterprises or in their excess profits essentially…
Parties (in Judgment)(PARTI (NEL GIUDIZIO))Vol. IX, p. 550 PARTIES (IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS). – Parties are natural or juridical persons who request, or against whom the application of the law is requested, and who act…
Paruta, PaoloVol. IX, p. 557 PARUTA, PAOLO. — Politician and writer, born in Venice on 14 May 1540, died on 9 December 1598. He studied at Padua. His political career passed through…
Parzanese, Pietro PaoloVol. IX, p. 558 PARZANESE, PIETRO PAOLO. - Canon, preacher and poet, born at Ariano di Puglia on 11 Nov. 1809, died at Napoli on 29 Aug. 1852. After a troubled adolescence, he…
Pará(PARAGUAY)Vol. IX, p. 509 PARAGUAY. — I. GEOGRAPHY. — The smaller (407,000 sq. km.) of the two landlocked states of South America, enclosed by Brazil, Argentina, and Bolivia. The…
Pas, Angelo DelVol. IX, p. 558 PAS, ANGELO del: v. DEL PAS, ANGELO.
Pascal, AlbertVol. IX, p. 558 PASCAL, ALBERT. — Oblate of Mary Immaculate, born on 3 August 1848 at St-Genest-de-Bauzon (France), died at Luynes on 12 July 1920. p. 129 ff.; G. Candeloro,…
Pascal, BlaiseVol. IX, p. 558 PASCAL, BLAISE. — French scientist and philosopher, b. at Clermont-Ferrand on 19 June 1623, d. in Paris on 15 Aug. 1662. Second son of Stefano P., a magistrate…
Pascal, JacquelineVol. IX, p. 560 PASCAL, JACQUELINE. - Third and last daughter of Etienne P. and Antoinette Begon, after Gilberte and Blaise, b. at Clermont on Oct. 5, 1625, d. at Paris on…
Pascarella, CesareVol. IX, p. 561 PASCARELLA, CESARE. - Poet, born in Roma on 28 April 1858, died there on 8 May 1940. He made his debut as a poet with Roman dialect sonnets published in the…
Pascasino, Bishop of Lilybaeum(PASCASINO, VESCOVO DI LILIBEO)Vol. IX, p. 561 PASCASINO, bishop of LILIBEO. — He was already bishop in 440, when he was taken prisoner by the Vandals, who had landed in Sicily; during his captivity he was…
Paschal Baylon, Saint(PASQUALE BAYLON, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 571 PASQUALE BAYLON, saint. — Patron of Eucharistic works, born on 17 May 1540 at Torre Hermosa (Aragon), died at Villareal on 17 May 1592. The son of Martino B.…
Paschal Candle(CERO PASQUALE)Vol. III, p. 773 PASCHAL CANDLE. – This is a large candle, artistically decorated, blessed on Holy Saturday, and placed on a candlestick (often an artistic one, called the…
Paschal I, Pope, Saint(PASQUALE I, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 569 PASQUALE I, POPE, saint. - He was elected pope the day after the death of Stefano V (25 Jan. 817) and consecrated on the 26th. He had previously been abbot of…
Paschal II, Pope(PASQUALE II, PAPA)Vol. IX, p. 569 PASCHAL II, POPE. — Originally from Pieda in Romagna, Raniero entered the ranks of the Cluniac monks, served as abbot of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, was created a…
Paschal III, Antipope(PASQUALE III, ANTIPAPA)Vol. IX, p. 570 PASQUALE III, ANTIPAPA. – Guido da Crema, as cardinal-priest of the title of S. Callistus, when he took part in the election of Sept. 1159; and he was one of…
Paschal Preconio(PRECONIO PASQUALE)Vol. IX, p. 1135 PRECONIO PASQUALE: v. EXULTET.
Paschal Term(TERMINUS PASCHALIS)Vol. XI, p. 1202 TERMINUS PASCHALIS. - It is the date of the day coinciding with the XIV moon of the “first month” (nīzān, according to the Jewish liturgical calendar), which…
Paschal, Precept(PASQUALE, PRECETTO)Vol. IX, p. 571 PASCHAL PRECEPT. — It is the obligation incumbent upon all the faithful who have reached the age of discretion to receive Holy Communion within the so-called…
Paschale Mundo GaudiumVol. IX, p. 562 « PASCHALE MUNDO GAUDIUM ». — Hymn of Lauds in the Common of the Apostles during Eastertide. The three stanzas of which it is composed belong to the hymn…
Paschasius Radbertus(PASCASIO, RADBERTO)Vol. IX, p. 561 PASCASIO, RADBERTO. – Theologian and Benedictine abbot, born in the region of Soissons ca. 790, died at Corbie ca. 865. A monk and scholasticus at Corbie, in…
Pascoli, GiovanniVol. IX, p. 562 PASCOLI, GIOVANNI. — Poet, born on 31 December 1855 at S. Mauro di Romagna, died in Bologna on 6 April 1912 and buried in the chapel beside the house at…
Pasolini, GiuseppeVol. IX, p. 563 PASOLINI, GIUSEPPE. – Statesman, born at Ravenna on 8 February 1815, died there on 4 December 1876. Known and esteemed by Pius IX when he was bishop at Imola,…
Pasquali, LuigiVol. IX, p. 571 PASQUALI, LUIGI. — Procurator General of the Order of the Mother of God, born in Cori (Lazio) in 1846, died in Rome on 15 August 1905. For twenty years he…
Pasqualigo, ZaccariaVol. IX, p. 571 PASQUALIGO, ZACCARIA.— Theatine religious, canonist, and one of the classical authors in moral theology. Born in Verona in 1600, he taught philosophy at Padua…
Pasquier, Étienne(PASQUIER, ETIENNE)Vol. IX, p. 572 PASQUIER, ETIENNE. — Legal scholar and historian, born in Paris on 7 April 1529, died there on 31 August 1615. He pleaded various cases of political…
Passagini (Pasagini)Vol. IX, p. 572 PASSAGINI (PASAGINI). — Heretics, also called Pas(s)agi, known especially in Lombardy in the second half of the 12th century, condemned in the constitution Ad…
Passaglia, CarloVol. IX, p. 572 PASSAGLIA, CARLO. — Theologian and writer on ecclesiastical politics, b. at Pieve S. Carlo (Lucca) on 9 May 1812, d. at Turin on 12 March 1887. Having entered…
Passau, Diocese of(PASSAVIA (PASSAU), DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 574 PASSAVIA (PASSAU), DIOCESE OF. — A diocese in Bavaria, existing in its present extent only since 1817 and 1821, but in antiquity one of the most extensive…
Passavanti, JacopoVol. IX, p. 573 PASSAVANTI, JACOPO. – Dominican, preacher, writer, born in Florence around 1302 to Banco and Francesca Tornaquinci, and died there on 15 June 1357. He entered…
Passerini, PietroVol. IX, p. 575 PASSERINI, PIETRO. - Dominican canonist, born at Sestola (Modena) on 18 June 1597, died at Rome on 21 June 1677. He entered religious life at Cremona (1612),…
Passeroni, Gian CarloVol. IX, p. 576 PASSERONI, GIAN CARLO. - Priest and poet, b. at Condamine di Lantosca (Nice) on 8 March 1713, d. at Milan on 26 Dec. 1803. A friend of Parini, who addresses…
Passion(PASSIONE)Vol. IX, p. 577 PASSIONE. — In ordinary language, it denotes the impetus of an inclination toward a particular object, manifested in the form of attraction or repulsion. In…
PassionarioVol. IX, p. 576 PASSIONARIO. — P. (from passionarius or passionale) or legendary is the collection of booklets devoted to recounting the life, martyrdom, translations, and…
Passionei, DomenicoVol. IX, p. 579 PASSIONEI, DOMENICO. – Cardinal, born at Fossombrone on 2 December 1682, died at Camaldoli (Frascati) on 5 July 1761. In Rome he attended the Clementine…
Passiones MartyrumVol. IX, p. 580 PASSIONES MARTYRUM: v. ATTI DEI MARTIRI; LEGGENDE AGIOGRAFICHE.
Passionist Sisters(PASSIONISTE, SUORE)Vol. IX, p. 580 PASSIONIST NUNS. - Founded by St Paul of the Cross, they had their Rules and Constitutions approved for the first time by Clement XIV in 1770. The first…
Passionists(PASSIONISTI)Vol. IX, p. 580 PASSIONISTI: v. CHIERICI SCALZI DELLA S.MA CROCE E PASSIONE DI N. S. GESÙ CRISTO.
Passive Purifications(PURIFICAZIONI PASSIVE)Vol. X, p. 212 PASSIVE PURIFICATIONS. — In order to remove from the soul the obstacles that oppose full perfection (sins, vices, disordered passions, purely natural…
Pasteur, LouisVol. IX, p. 580 PASTEUR, LOUIS. — Born in Dôle on 27 December 1822, died at Villeneuve-l'Etang on 28 September 1895. He obtained his baccalaureate in letters (1840) at…
Pasto, Diocese of(PASTO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 581 PASTO, DIOCESE of. - City and diocese of Colombia (South America), suffragan of the archdiocese of Popayan. It has an area of 8,000 sq. km., with a population…
Pastophorion(PASTOFORIO)Vol. IX, p. 581 PASTOFORIO. – Hellenistic taste led the builders of Christian basilicas to conceal the rounded apse behind a straight wall; hence the creation, beside the…
Pastor BonusVol. IX, p. 585 PASTOR BONUS. – Journal of the Seminary of Trier, which began publication in 1889 under the direction of P. Einig and A. Müller. It deals with all the subjects…
Pastor, Ludwig vonVol. IX, p. 581 PASTOR, LUDWIG von. - Historian, baron by imperial grant (1908), b. in Aquisgrana on (phot. Exc. Catt.) PASTEUR, LOUIS - Frontispiece of Quelques réflexions…
Pastoral Letters(PASTORALI, LETTERE)Vol. IX, p. 585 PASTORAL, LETTERS. - Common designation for I and II Timothy (v.) and Titus (v.),—also called pontifical in the seventeenth century (C. Magalianus)—justified…
Pastoral Medicine(MEDICINA PASTORALE)Vol. VIII, p. 359 PASTORAL MEDICINE. – A particular discipline which, by studying the relations existing between m. and morality, aims to provide the priest with those medical…
Pastoral Staff (Baculus, understood as Pastoralis; Cambuta, Ferula)(PASTORALE (BACULUS, SOTTINTESO PASTORALIS; CAMBUTA, FERULA))Vol. IX, p. 582 PASTORALE (baculus, understood as pastoralis; cambuta, ferula). – A liturgical staff proper to bishops and abbots in pontifical functions, excepting those of…
Pastoral Visit(VISITA PASTORALE)Vol. XII, p. 941 PASTORAL VISITATION. — This is the direct knowledge that the pastor, through inspection, acquires of the conditions of the territory entrusted to him, in order…
Pastore, BuonVol. IX, p. 585 SHEPHERD, GOOD. - The people of Israel were eminently agricultural, and in the Old Testament the expression "p." is often used. Moses says that a leader is…
PastorelliVol. IX, p. 587 PASTORELLI. — The name p. (pastoureaux) was given in the Middle Ages to certain bands of peasants, among whom there were many shepherds, who, when rising up…
Pastura, Antonio del Massaro da Viterbo, detto IlVol. IX, p. 587 PASTURA, ANTONIO del MASSARO da VITERBO, known as il. - A painter first mentioned in 1478, when he is recorded as a member of the Academy of S. Luca in Rome;…
PatagoniaVol. IX, p. 588 PATAGONIA. — From Spanish patagones = large feet, a characteristic of the indigenous Tehuelche Indians. Region at the extreme southern tip of South America,…
Patarines(PATARINI)Vol. IX, p. 590 PATARINI. – In common usage, from the 12th century onward this was the name given in Italy to those heretics who, rebelling against ecclesiastical authority,…
Pataría(PATARIA)Vol. IX, p. 588 PATARIA. — This designation refers to a politico-religious movement that developed in Milan during the second half of the 11th century, in the period of the…
Paten(PATENA)Vol. IX, p. 590 PATENA. — From the Greek πατάνη = dish. It is a round metal plate, already used in ancient times at Mass, as an indispensable complement to the chalice and…
Patent(BREVETTO)Vol. III, p. 70 PATENT: see INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. BREU, JÖRG IL VECCHIO - Flight into Egypt. Nuremberg, German National Museum. (photo: German National Museum) BREVI AI…
Pater NosterVol. IX, p. 592 PATER NOSTER. – Prayer taught by Jesus to the Apostles, and therefore called Oratio dominicalis. It is the Christian’s prayer par excellence, the model and…
Pater Superni LuminisVol. IX, p. 594 « PATER SUPERNI LUMINIS ». — Hymn of Vespers for the feast of s. Maria Maddalena, composed by s. Roberto Bellarmino. The scene that took place in the house of…
Pater, WalterVol. IX, p. 590 PATER, WALTER. - English critic and novelist, leader of Decadent aestheticism, b. at Shadwell on 4 Aug. 1839, d. at Oxford on 30 July 1894. In his Studies in…
Paternalism(PATERNALISMO)Vol. IX, p. 591 PATERNALISMO. – Paternalistic is said of any policy directed from above (emperor, king, lord) that takes account of the needs of its “subjects”: in classical…
Paternity, Research on(PATERNITÀ, RICERCA DELLA)Vol. IX, p. 591 PATERNITÀ, RICERCA della. – While from the ethical point of view the r. of p. may be considered lawful in itself, various civil codes, for reasons of…
Paterson, Diocese of(PATERSON, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 593 PATERSON, diocese of. - City and diocese in the state of New Jersey, in the United States of America. PATMOS - The bell tower of the monastery of St. John.…
Pathological States(STATI PATOLOGICI)Vol. XI, p. 724 PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. — This designation generally refers to morbid conditions and organic or functional anomalies that cause more or less distressing…
Patience(PAZIENZA)Vol. IX, p. 626 PATIENCE. – A moral virtue aimed at enabling one to endure present evils without allowing oneself to be disorderly dominated by sadness (Sum. Theol., 2ª-2ª, q.…
Patmore, CoventryVol. IX, p. 594 PATMORE, COVENTRY. - English poet, b. at Woodford on 23 July 1823, d. at Lamington on 26 Nov. 1896. He converted to Catholicism in 1864. He is the poet of…
PatmosVol. IX, p. 594 PATMOS. – An island of the Aegean in the Sporades group, south of Samos and west of Miletus. Of volcanic origin, it measures at most 12.5 km. in length and has…
Patna, Diocese of(PATNA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 594 PATNA, DIOCESI di. – The mission of Tibet (v.) was entrusted in 1703 to the Capuchins, who, after being definitively expelled from the country in 1745 and then…
Patriarchs(PATRIARCHI)Vol. IX, p. 596 PATRIARCHS. - I. ORIGINS. - As early as canon 6 of the Council of Nicaea (325) recognized as invested with a special supremacy the bishops of Alexandria (v.)…
Patriarchs, Biblical(PATRIARCHI BIBLICI)Vol. IX, p. 597 BIBLICAL PATRIARCHS. — Descendants of Adam down to Noah (antediluvian) and of Shem down to Thare (postdiluvian). Abraham (v.), Isaac (v.), Jacob (v.), other…
Patricius Of The Romans(PATRIZIO DEI ROMANI)Vol. IX, p. 605 PATRIZIO dei ROMANI. — This dignity appears in Rome in the eighth century and persists there, with various interruptions, until the twelfth century. It is no…
Patrick, Saint(PATRIZIO, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 604 PATRIZIO, saint. — Apostle of Ireland. He was born in Britannia to the deacon Calpurnius, who owned a small estate at Bannaven Taberniae, a locality that has…
Patrimonio di San Pietro(PATRIMONIO DI S)Vol. IX, p. 600 PATRIMONIO DI S. PIETRO of Rome in the territories progressively occupied; to these were added the confiscations carried out by Leo III the Isaurian, among the…
Patrimony of Saint Peter(PATRIMONIO DI SAN PIETRO)Vol. IX, p. 599 PATRIMONIO DI SAN PIETRO. — Originally this was the name given to the totality of the landed property of the Church of Rome, by analogy with the designation…
Patripassianism(PATRIPASSIANISMO)Vol. IX, p. 603 PATRIPASSIANISMO: v. MODALISMO.
Patristic Florilegia(FLORILEGI PATRISTICI)Vol. V, p. 868 FLORILEGI PATRISTICI: v. PATROLOGIA.
Patrizi Montoro, MaddalenaVol. IX, p. 604 PATRIZI MONTORO, MADDALENA. - Woman of action and writer, b. in Firenze on 11 July 1866, d. in Roma on 25 March 1945. Widowed of the Marchese Patrizi at the…
Patrizi, CostantinoVol. IX, p. 603 PATRIZI, COSTANTINO. - Cardinal, b. at Siena on 4 Sept. 1798, son of Giovanni, hereditary standard-bearer of the Holy Roman Church and senator of Rome, and of…
Patrizi, FrancescoVol. IX, p. 603 PATRIZI, FRANCESCO. – Political writer, humanist, b. 24 February 1413 in Siena, d. in 1494 at Gaeta, the city of which he was elected bishop on 23 March 1461…
Patrizi, Francesco Da ChersoVol. IX, p. 604 PATRIZI, FRANCESCO da CHERSO. – Man of letters and philosopher, b. 25 April 1520, d. in Rome in February 1597. He studied in Venice, Ingolstadt, and, from…
Patrizi, Francesco SaverioVol. IX, p. 604 PATRIZI, FRANCESCO SAVERIO. — Eminent exegete, born in Rome on 19 June 1797, of an illustrious Sienese family, died there on 23 April 1881. He entered the…
PatrobasVol. IX, p. 606 PATROBAS. – Member of the community of Rome, whom Paul greets (Rom. 16:14) together with Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes... Herma (some manuscripts reverse the…
Patrology And Patristics(PATROLOGIA E PATRISTICA)Vol. IX, p. 607 PATROLOGIA E PATRISTICA. — Terms of Protestant origin. In Lutheran theology of the seventeenth century, people began to speak of a «theologia patristica» in…
Patron (Liturgy)(PATRONO (LITURGIA))Vol. IX, p. 612 PATRONO (LITURGY). — I. MEANING. — P., in the liturgical sense, means a saint who, by ancient tradition or legitimate election, is venerated with particular…
Patronage(PATRONATO)Vol. IX, p. 608 PATRONATO. – The concept of p. is the typical expression of a Catholic social position of the late nineteenth century, reflecting a static view of wealth and a…
Patti, Diocese of(PATTI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IX, p. 615 PATTI, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in Sicily, suffragan of Messina, with an area of 1,330 sq. km., a population of 218,000 inhabitants, of whom 217,800 are…
Paucapalea (Pocapaglia)Vol. IX, p. 618 PAUCAPALEA (Pocapaglia). - Decretist; nothing is known of his life. It is commonly believed that he was a monk; it is not known whether he was a professor at…
Paul Di Bernried(PAOLO DI BERNRIED)Vol. IX, p. 459 PAOLO di BERNRIED. - Canon Regular of St Augustine, died c. 1146. He wrote a Vita Gregorii VII (1128), the Vita Herlucae (1130), and several private letters to…
Paul Di Burgos(PAOLO DI BURGOS)Vol. IX, p. 459 PAOLO di BURGOS. - Dominican exegete, b. at Burgos c. 1353, d. there 29 Aug. 1435. Son of a wealthy Jew, through conscientious study of Holy Scripture and the…
Paul I Romanov, Emperor Of Russia(PAOLO I ROMANOFF, IMPERATORE DI RUSSIA)Vol. IX, p. 469 PAOLO I Romanoff, emperor of RUSSIA. — Born on 20 September 1754, died at Petersburg on 12 March 1801. Son of Pietro III and Caterina II, he was never able to…
Paul I, Pope, Saint(PAOLO I, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 462 PAUL I, POPE, saint. — Of noble Roman family, d. at Rome on 28 June 767. He carried out various diplomatic missions and, upon the death of his brother Stephen…
Paul II, Pope(PAOLO II, PAPA)Vol. IX, p. 463 PAOLO II, POPE. — Pietro Barbo, son of a sister of Eugenio IV, b. in Venice on 23 February 1417, d. in Rome on 26 July 1471. His uncle created him a cardinal…
Paul III, Pope(PAOLO III, PAPA)Vol. IX, p. 463 PAUL III, POPE. — Alessandro Farnese, b. at Canino in Feb. 1468, belonged to the baronial Farnese family, with possessions on Lake Bolsena and south of…
Paul IV, Pope(PAOLO IV, PAPA)Vol. IX, p. 464 PAOLO IV, PAPA. – The election to the papacy of Cardinal Marcello Cervini (Marcello II), which took place on 10 April 1555, was like a breach opened in favor…
Paul Of Samosata(PAOLO DI SAMOSATA)Vol. IX, p. 469 PAUL OF SAMOSATA. — Heretic of the 3rd century, bishop of Antioch from 260 to 268. I. LIFE. — P. appears in history only from the time of his elevation to the…
Paul Of The Cross, Saint(PAOLO DELLA CROCE, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 460 PAOLO della CROCE, saint. — Founder of the Passionists, in the world Paolo Francesco Danei, born at Ovada (Alessandria) on 3 January 1694, died at Rome on 18…
Paul of Thebes(PAOLO DI TEBE)Vol. IX, p. 470 PAUL OF SAMOSATA, St. — St. P. visited by St. Anthony. Detail of the fresco of the Anchorites in the Thebaid (14th cent.) — Pisa, Camposanto. while the Word…
Paul Of Thebes, Saint(PAOLO DI TEBE, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 470 PAOLO di TEBE, saint. — First hermit, born around 234 in the Thebaid to well-to-do parents. According to his biographer, St. Girolamo, during the persecution…
Paul The Deacon(PAOLO DIACONO)Vol. IX, p. 461 PAOLO DIACONO. – Monk and historian. What is known of his life is derived almost exclusively from his works. Of a noble Lombard family that had been…
Paul V, Pope(PAOLO V, PAPA)Vol. IX, p. 467 PAUL V, POPE. — Born in Rome on 17 September 1552, died there on 28 January 1621. Camillo Borghese, from a family originally from Siena, with a degree in…
Paul, Apostle(PAOLO, APOSTOLO)Vol. IX, p. 457 PAOLO, APOSTOLO, santo - Complete and detailed full-scale cast photographed from the "fenestella confessionis" of the inscription placed on the Apostle's tomb…
Paul, Apostle, Saint(PAOLO, APOSTOLO, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 445 PAUL, APOSTLE, Saint. — Apostle who spread Christianity among the Gentiles, born in Tarsus (q.v.) in Cilicia in the first decade of the common era and martyred…
Paul, Bishop Of Constantinople, Saint(PAOLO, VESCOVO DI COSTANTINOPOLI, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 460 PAOLO, bishop of COSTANTINOPOLI, saint. - He is commemorated in the Martirogloio romano on 7 June; among the Greeks on 6 Nov. A native of Tessalonica, he…
Paul, Simone of(SIMONE DI SAN PAOLO)Vol. XI, p. 393 SIMONE di SAN PAOLO. — A Discalced Carmelite, in the world Paolo Franciosi, born at Volterra on 5 September 1572, died at Milan on 6 September 1622. He carried…
Paulicians(PAULICIANI)Vol. IX, p. 618 PAULICIANI. — A heresy of a dualistic-gnostic character in the Byzantine Empire. The name p. was given to the sect by its adversaries, either because of a…
Pauline Privilege(PRIVILEGIO PAOLINO)Vol. X, p. 53 PAULINE PRIVILEGE. — The Pauline privilege is the case of dissolution of a legitimate marriage, granted in favor of the faith by positive divine law; a…
Paulinus of Nola, Saint(PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI NOLA, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 441 PAOLINO, bishop of NOLA, saint. - Meropio Ponzio P., born at Bordeaux of an illustrious Roman and Christian family in 352, died at Nola on 22 June 431. He…
Paulinus of Pella(PAOLINO DI PELLA)Vol. IX, p. 442 PAOLINO di PELLA. - Christian poet, probably nephew of the poet Ausonio, b. in 376 at Pella in Macedonia, d. shortly after 460 in southern France. From the age…
Paulinus of Périgueux (Petricordia)(PAOLINO DI PÉRIGUEUX (PETRICORDIA))Vol. IX, p. 442 PAOLINO di PÉRIGUEUX (Petricordia). - At the invitation of Archbishop Perpetuo, he wrote around 470 a Life of St Martin in hexameters. The first 3 books are…
Paulinus, Bishop of Béziers(PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI BÉZIERS)Vol. IX, p. 441 PAOLINO, bishop of BÉZIERS. – He occupied the see of this city in the first quarter of the 5th century (cf. L. Duchesne, Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule,…
Paulinus, Patriarch of Aquileia(PAOLINO, PATRIARCA D'AQUILEIA)Vol. IX, p. 440 PAOLINO, patriarch of AQUILEIA, saint. — Born in the Lombard Duchy of Friuli in the first half of the 8th century, he died at Cividale on 11 January 802. As an…
Paulo (Iulius Paulus)(PAOLO (IULIUS PAULUS))Vol. IX, p. 445 PAOLO (Iulius Paulus). – Roman jurist of the 3rd century A.D., whose place of origin and dates of birth and death are unknown. Probably a pupil of Cervidius…
Paulo Afiarta(PAOLO AFIARTA)Vol. IX, p. 445 PAOLO AFIARTA. – Cubicularius, antagonist of the primicerius Cristoforo (v.) in the latter’s struggle to promote Charlemagne’s protection of the Holy See.…
Paulovich-Lucich, Stefano(PAULOWICH-LUCICH, STEFANO)Vol. IX, p. 619 PAULOWICH-LUCICH, STEFANO. — Bishop, born at Macarsca (Spalato) on 7 August 1790, died at Cattaro on 28 February 1853. Sent to complete his studies at the…
Paulsen, FriedrichVol. IX, p. 619 PAULSEN, FRIEDRICH. — Philosopher, born at Langenhorn (East Silesia) on 16 July 1846, died at Steglitz (Berlin) on 14 Aug. 1908. He began studying theology at…
Paulus of León, Saint(PAOLO, VESCOVO DI LEON, SANTO)Vol. IX, p. 462 PAOLO, bishop of LEON, saint. - He was born at Penhoen (Brittany), around 487. From childhood he devoted himself to the study of Sacred Scripture under the…
Paulus, NikolausVol. IX, p. 619 PAULUS, NIKOLAUS. — Theologian, born at Krautergersheim (Alsace) on 6 November 1853, died in Munich on 23 January 1930. He studied at Strasbourg and was…
Paumann, ConradVol. IX, p. 620 PAUMANN, CONRAD. – Composer and performer of organ music, b. ca. 1410 in Nuremberg, d. in Munich on 24 Jan. 1473. Blind from birth, he was organist of St.…
Pauperism(PAUPERISMO)Vol. IX, p. 620 PAUPERISM. – A social phenomenon whereby, in a given historical period and territory, a portion of the population generally and continuously finds itself in…
Pavement(PAVIMENTO)Vol. IX, p. 624 PAVIMENTO: v. MUSAICO.
PaviaVol. IX, p. 621 PAVIA. — City and diocese, capital of the eponymous province in Lombardy. Over an area of 290 sq km, it has a population of 141,348 inhabitants, of whom…
Pavillon, NicolasVol. IX, p. 624 PAVILLON, NICOLAS. - Bishop, b. in Parigi on 17 Nov. 1597, d. at Alet on 8 Dec. 1677. He assisted s. Vincenzo de' Paoli in the work of the missions and…
Pavissich, AntonioVol. IX, p. 624 PAVISSICH, ANTONIO. - Jesuit, preacher, sociologist, b. 13 June 1851 at Spalato in Dalmatia, d. 30 Nov. 1913 at Naples. Having entered the Society of Jesus…
PavoneVol. IX, p. 624 PAVONE. — The peacock, native to India, was perhaps known in Israel as early as the time of Solomon, and subsequently in Greece and Rome. It was a sacred…
Pavone, FrancescoVol. IX, p. 625 PAVONE, FRANCESCO. - Exegete and ascetical writer, b. at Catanzaro in 1569, d. with a reputation for sanctity at Naples on 25 Feb. 1637. Having entered the…
Pavoni, Antonio, Blessed(PAVONI, ANTONIO, BEATO)Vol. IX, p. 625 PAVONI, ANTONIO, blessed. – Dominican inquisitor and martyr, born in Savigliano in 1326, died at Bricherasio on 9 April 1374. He took the religious habit at…
Pavoni, Ludovico, Venerable(PAVONI, LODOVICO, VENERABILE)Vol. IX, p. 625 PAVONI, LODOVICO, venerable. – Founder of the Sons of the Immaculate Conception, born in Brescia on 17 September 1784; died there on 1 April 1849. Of keen…
Pax RomanaVol. IX, p. 625 PAX ROMANA. - This is an apostolic work considered on the international level; it seeks to bring about, amid a disoriented world, the union of Catholic…
Payen, GeorgeVol. IX, p. 626 PAYEN, GEORGE. - Canon lawyer, b. at Nantes on 15 April 1862, d. at Sciangai on 29 June 1940. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1880, after several years…
Páleč, ŠtěpánVol. IX, p. 360 PÁLEČ, ŠTĚPÁN. - Theologian, born between 1360 and 1370 at Větší Páleč in Bohemia, died after 1422 in Poland. At the University of Prague he took his degree in…
Pázmány, PeterVol. IX, p. 626 PÁZMÁNY, PETER. – Cardinal, theologian, and controversialist, restorer of Catholicism in Hungary, b. at Nagyvárad (Gran Varadino) on 4 October 1570, d. at…
