J
589 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
John XVI, Antipope (GIOVANNI XVI, ANTIPAPA)
Born at Rossano in Calabria, died in 1013 (?). G. Filagato, a Greek of obscure family who became abbot of Nonantola through the favor of the Empress Theophano… -
John XVIII, Pope (GIOVANNI XVIII, PAPA)
A Roman, elected in Jan. 1004, d. in July 1009. Named Fasano, cardinal "Sancti Petri", after his elevation to the pontificate he attended only to the affairs… -
John XVII, Pope (GIOVANNI XVII, PAPA)
A Roman, elected in June 1003, d. in December of the same year. John Siccone was given as successor to Sylvester II through the work of the patrician… -
John XV, Pope (GIOVANNI XV, PAPA)
A Roman, elected in August 985, died in March 996. He is remembered in some lists of popes as John XVI, since another John XV was erroneously inserted before… -
John XXIII, Antipope (GIOVANNI XXIII, ANTIPAPA)
JOHN XXIII, ANTIPOPE: V. COSSA (COSCIA), BALDASSARRE. -
John XXII, Pope (GIOVANNI XXII, PAPA)
He reigned from 7 Aug. 1316 to 4 Dec. 1334. Born at Cahors around 1245 ca., James Duèse owed his brilliant career to his qualities as a jurist. He became… -
John XXI, Pope (GIOVANNI XXI, PAPA)
Born in Lisbon, probably between 1210 and 1220, elected on 8 September 1276, died on 20 May 1277. Peter of Julian, a Portuguese, had studied in Paris and… -
John XX, Pope (GIOVANNI XX, PAPA)
A non-existent pontiff, resulting from the splitting in two of the pontificate of John XIV. Cf. the critical note by A. Mercati on the series of pontiffs, in… -
Joiada (IOIADA)
Among the biblical figures of this name, two deserve special mention. 1) A priest, son of Benaiah, counselor of King David together with Abiathar, after the… -
Joiarib (IOIARIB)
Name of several figures of the Old Testament (Heb. Jēhōjārībh, more often Jējārībh). 1. A very prominent priest (1 Chron. 9:10), charged with the first turn of… -
Joint-Stock Company (AZIONI, SOCIETÀ PER)
AZIONI, SOCIETÀ PER: v. SOCIETÀ. -
Joinville, Diocese of (JOINVILLE, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Santa Catarina in Brazil. It was created by Pius XI with the apostolic constitution Inter Praecipua of 17 January 1927, by… -
Joinville, Jean de
French statesman and historian, b. in 1224, d. on 11 July 1319. A scion of a noble family of Champagne, and invested with the title of seneschal of that… -
Joliet, Diocese of (JOLIET ILL, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Illinois, in the United States of America. It comprises the counties of Du Page, Kankakee, Will, Grundy, Ford, Iroquois and… -
Joliette, Diocese of (JOLIETTE, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in Canada. The Hon. Barthélemy Joliette (1789-1850) founded in 1823 the village of l'Industrie, a name that was later changed to that of J.… -
Jolivet, Charles-Constant
Born on 9 January 1826 at Pont-l'Abbé, diocese of Quimper, died at Durban on 15 October 1903; in 1848 he became an Oblate of Mary Immaculate. Until 1867 he was… -
Joly, Jeanne-Madeleine
Visitandine, b. at Dijon in 1643, d. there on 19 Oct. 1708. Received into the monastery of that city at the age of 15, the Lord, who had destined her to assist… -
Jommelli, Niccolò
Composer and maestro, b. at Aversa on 10 Sept. 1714, d. at Naples on 25 Aug. 1774. He first studied with Canon Muzzillo, choirmaster of the cathedral of… -
Jona
JONA : v. IONA. -
Jonadab (IONADAB)
Name of two figures of the Old Testament. 1. Son of Shimeah, brother of David. Shrewd and perceptive, he was the evil genius of his cousin Amnon, whom he… -
Jonah of Orléans (GIONA D'ORLÉANS)
Bishop and theologian, b. in Aquitaine, probably before 780, d. at Orléans between 841 and 843. Having succeeded Theodulf in the see of Orléans in 818, he soon… -
Jona, Jehudah, Ben Jishāq (JONA, JĒHŪDHĀH, BEN JĪSHĀQ)
Converted rabbi, called in Italy Giovanni Battista Giuda Giona or more briefly Battista, born of Jews from Spain at Safed (Galilee) on 28 Oct. 1588, died at… -
Jonas (GIONA)
Prophet, son of Amittai (Heb. Amitta) of Gath-hepher (Gath of Hepher) in Galilee; he foretold to Jeroboam II (787-746) his victories (II Kings 14:25). A Jewish… -
Jonathan (IONATHAN)
Name of various personages of Israel in the Old Testament. 1. Levite, descendant of Moses (Judg. 18:30); he dwelt as a gēr ("guest") in the tribe of Judah. He… -
Jonathan (GIONATA)
Eldest son of Saul (v.), one of the most heroic and attractive figures of the Bible. He was perhaps 20 years old when he appears at his father's side, who had… -
Jongleurs (Joculari, Joculatores) (GIULLARI (JOCULARES, JOCULATORES))
In the Middle Ages, "G." was the name given to those who practiced the profession of entertaining audiences of the various social classes, from commoners to… -
Jonson, Ben
Playwright and poet, a contemporary of Shakespeare, b. at Westminster in 1573 (probably on 11 June), d. in London on 6 Aug. 1637. He was the only one of the… -
Joppe (IOPPE)
IOPPE: v. GIAFFA. -
Joppe
JOPPE: v. GIAFFA. -
Joram (IORAM)
King of Israel (853-842 B.C.), son of Ahab, he succeeded his brother Ahaziah, who died after a few months of reign, and was the last king of the dynasty of… -
Joram (IORAM)
King of Judah (849-842 B.C.). Son of Jehoshaphat (v.), he inherited the throne from his father, but none of his virtues. His marriage to Athaliah, daughter of… -
Jordaens, Jacob
Painter, b. in Antwerp on 19 May 1593, d. there on 18 Oct. 1678. In 1607 he entered the workshop of the painter Adam Van Noorts. His first known work is from… -
Jordan (GIORDANIA)
Recent designation indicating the kingdom of Transjordan. When on 25 May 1946 the emir 'Abdallāh took the title of king and on 27 June 1946 the treaty with… -
Jordan (GIORDANO)
Holy Mass celebrated on the banks of the G. > (photograph by Anderson) > GIORDANO, LUCA - Self-portrait - Rome, Galleria nazionale d'arte antica. In 1692 he… -
Jordan, Alexis
French naturalist, self-taught, botanist, b. at Lyon in 1814, d. there in 1897. He is known for his discovery that the Linnaean "species" is composed of "small… -
Jordan, Franz
Priest, in religion F. Maria della Croce, b. at Gurtweil (Baden) on 16 June 1848, d. at Tafers (Switzerland) on 8 Sept. 1918. Or- dained a priest (1878), he… -
Jordan (GIORDANO)
The most important and perennial river of Palestine, formed by the confluence of 3 watercourses that have their sources at the foot of snow-capped Hermon. The… -
Jordanis (Jordanes, Jornandes)
Historian of Gothic origin, who lived around the middle of the 6th century. He wrote in vulgar Latin, in 551, two chronicles: a Roman history, De summa… -
Jörg, Joseph Edmund
Historian, publicist and politician, b. at Immenstadt on 23 Dec. 1819 and d. at Landshut on 18 Nov. 1901. He studied theology, philosophy and history at… -
Josabeth (Josaba) (IOSABETH (IOSABA))
Daughter of Jehoram (v.), king of Judah, and sister of Ahaziah; she was the consort of the high priest Jehoiada (v.; cf. 2 Chronicles 22:11). She is the only… -
Josaphat (GIOSAFAT)
GIOSAFAT: v. IOSAPHAT. -
Josaphat (IOSAPHAT)
King of Judah (873-849 B.C.), the fourth after the schism. Son and successor of Asa (v.), he ascended the throne at the age of 35 and reigned 25 years in… -
Josaphat, Saint (GIOSAFAT, SANTO)
Archbishop, martyr, b. in 1580 at Vladimir in Volhynia, d. on 12 November 1623 at Vitebsk. St. G. (whose family name was John Kuncewicz) was born into a noble… -
Josaphat, Valley of (IOSAPHAT, VALLE DI)
Name of the narrow valley, also called that of the Cedron (v.), east of Jerusalem, between the city and the Mount of Olives; properly the stretch that runs… -
Jos, Apostolic Prefecture of (JOS, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
Mission founded recently (1934) with territory detached from Northern Nigeria (v. KADUNA), comprising the civil provinces of Plateau, Bauchi and Bornu, plus… -
Joscellino (Joslenus, Gauslenus) of Soissons (JOSCELLINO (JOSLENUS, GAUSLENUS) DI SOISSONS)
Master of dialectic at Mont-Sainte-Geneviève in Paris, a contemporary of Abelard, d. 25 Oct. 1151. He was archdeacon (1115) and bishop (1125) of Soissons. A… -
Josedec (IOSEDEC)
Father of the high priest Jesus (Hag. 1, 1.12.14; 2, 3.5; Zech. 6, 11; Sir. 49, 14). From 1 Chron. 5:41, where it is said that J. "went into exile when the… -
Joseph Barsabbas (GIUSEPPE BARSABA)
GIUSEPPE BARSABA: V. BARSABA. -
Joseph Benedict Cottolengo, Saint (GIUSEPPE BENEDETTO COTTOLENGO, SANTO)
Born at Bra in 1786, the first of twelve siblings. From childhood he revealed a mysterious predilection for the sick. He took the ecclesiastical habit in 1802… -
Joseph, Bishop of Methone (GIUSEPPE, VESCOVO DI METONE)
Celebrated polemicist of the 15th century, b. on Crete (cf. his letter in J. Hardt, Catal. cod. mss. Bibl. reg. di Baviera, II, Munich 1806, p. 256); he was… -
Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples, Then King of Spain (GIUSEPPE BONAPARTE, RE DI NAPOLI, POI RE DI SPAGNA)
Born Jan. 7, 1768 at Corte in Corsica, d. July 28, 1844 at Florence. The elder brother of Napoleon, he studied law at the College of Autun. During the French… -
Joseph Cafasso, Saint (GIUSEPPE CAFASSO, SANTO)
Born on 16 January 1811 at Castelnuovo d'Asti and died at Turin on 23 January 1860. He pursued his ecclesiastical studies at the Seminary of Chieri, and was… -
Joseph (GIUSEPPE)
Beloved son of the patriarch Jacob (v.) and of Rachel. His life (Gen. 37; 39-48; 50) is eventful. Envied by his brothers, sold as a slave, in Egypt, because of… -
Joseph I (GIUSEPPE I)
Chaldean patriarch, from 1681 to 1696. He was first the Nestorian bishop of Diyarbakır (Amida), whose clergy in 1650 had passed from the Catholic Chaldean… -
Joseph I, Emperor (GIUSEPPE I, IMPERATORE)
Born in Vienna on 26 July 1678, died there on 17 April 1711. He assumed the imperial crown upon the death of his father Leopold I, on 5 May 1705. His ascent to… -
Joseph II, Emperor (GIUSEPPE II, IMPERATORE)
Born on March 16, 1741 in Vienna, died there on Feb. 20, 1790. The first male child of Grand Duke Francis I of Lorraine-Tuscany (later elected emperor in 1745)… -
Joseph II, Patriarch of Constantinople (GIUSEPPE II, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)
Bulgarian by birth (1416), he took part in the Council of Florence. Having died before the promulgation of the bull of Union, he had already adhered to the… -
Josephine of Saint Agnes, Blessed (GIUSEPPA MARIA DI SANT'AGNESE, BEATA)
Augustinian nun of the Congregation of the Discalced in the monastery of Benigànim, in the province of Valencia, in Spain. Born of a poor family on 9 February… -
Josephine Sisters of Charity (Vich) (GIUSEPPINE DELLA CARITÀ (VICH))
They were founded at Vich on June 29, 1877 by the servant of God Caterina Corominas y Agustín with the help of some priests and the approval of the diocesan… -
Josephines of Belgium (GIUSEPPINI DEL BELGIO)
They were founded at Crommont in Flanders in 1817 by the canon C. van Crombrugghe (1798-1865). Originally intended for primary teaching, the J. later devoted… -
Josephinism (GIUSEPPINISMO)
GIUSEPPINISMO: v. GIUSEPPE II, IMPERATORE. -
Joseph of Arimathea (GIUSEPPE DA ARIMATEA)
A member of the Sanhedrin, a native of Arimathea (v.). He was rich, good and just (Lk. 23:50 ff.). A secret disciple of Jesus, for fear of the Jews, when the… -
Joseph of Carabantes (GIUSEPPE DA CARABANTES)
Capuchin preacher and missionary of the ancient province of Aragon, b. June 27, 1628, d. at Monforte de Lemos on April 11, 1694. From 1657, together with other… -
Joseph of Cupertino, Saint (GIUSEPPE DA COPERTINO, SANTO)
Conventual Franciscan, b. at Copertino (Lecce) on 17 June 1603, d. at Osimo on 18 Sept. 1663. A priest in 1628. His life, full of ecstasies, prophecies and… -
Joseph of Dreux (GIUSEPPE DA DREUX)
Ascetical writer of the Capuchin province of Paris, b. at Dreux (Normandy) in 1629, entered the Order on 28 July 1647, was a zealous preacher, d. in Paris on… -
Joseph of Gargnano (GIUSEPPE DA GARGNANO)
GIUSEPPE da GARGNANO: v. BERNINI, GIUSEPPE MARIA da GARGNANO. -
Joseph of Jesus Mary (GIUSEPPE DI GESÙ MARIA)
Mystical theologian of the Discalced Carmelites, in the world Francesco Quiroga, b. in 1562 in Castro Caldelas (diocese of Astorga), d. at Cuenca on 13 Dec.… -
Joseph of Leonessa, Saint (GIUSEPPE DA LEONESSA, SANTO)
Capuchin missionary and preacher of the Umbrian province, b. at Leonessa on 8 Jan. 1556, he was clothed as a novice in the small convent of the Carcerelle… -
Joseph of Paris (GIUSEPPE DA PARIGI)
François Le Clerc du Tremblay, also known as the Gray Eminence, b. in Paris on 4 Nov. 1577, d. there on 16 Dec. 1638. Of a noble and wealthy family, he… -
Joseph Oriol, Saint (GIUSEPPE ORIOL, SANTO)
Born in Barcelona on 23 Nov. 1650, died there on 22 March 1702. Doctor at the University of Bologna in 1674. Priest in 1676. He was a tutor in the house of… -
Joseph Panin of Volokalamsk (GIUSEPPE PANIN DI VOLOKALAMSK)
One of the most celebrated monks of medieval Russia (1439-1515). Descended from a noble family, he entered the monastic life under Abbot Paphnutius in the… -
Joseph, Saint (GIUSEPPE, SANTO)
Husband of the Virgin Mary and foster father of Jesus (Heb. Jōsēph, apocopated form of Jēhōsēph, "May Yahweh increase"; Gk. Ἰωσήρ, Lat. Ioseph, Iosephus), a… -
Joseph the Hymnographer, Saint (GIUSEPPE L'INNOGRAFO, SANTO)
Basilian monk, b. at Syracuse in 816, d. at Constantinople on 3 April 886. Having taken refuge in the Peloponnese to escape the Saracen invasion, he became a… -
Joseph the Philosopher (GIUSEPPE IL FILOSOFO)
Byzantine monk, b. at Ithaca ca. 1280, d. at Thessalonica ca. 1330. He studied Greek philosophy in that city. After a period of eremitical life in Thessaly, in… -
Josephus, Flavius (FLAVIO GIUSEPPE)
FLAVIO GIUSEPPE: v. GIUSEPPE FLAVIO -
Josephus, Flavius (Ἰώσηπος) (GIUSEPPE, FLAVIO (ΙΏΣΗΠΟΣ))
Jewish historian, son of Matthias of a priestly family, b. in Jerusalem ca. 37-38 A.D. He received an education according to rabbinic norms. In 64 he was on an… -
Josiah (GIOSIA)
GIOSIA: v. IOSIA. -
Josias (IOSIA)
King of Judah (639-609 B.C.). He ascended the throne at the age of 8, succeeding his father Amon (v.), who had been put to death by a palace conspiracy after… -
Jōšippōn
A collector of midrashic legends, also called Jōšēph ben Gurjōn or Jōšēph hā-ibbrī ("Joseph the Hebrew"), who passes himself off as the author of a work… -
Josue (GIOSUÈ)
I. THE PERSONAGE. - Son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim (Num. 13:9, 17; 1 Chron. 7:22-27), successor of Moses as theocratic leader (cf. "the man in whom there… -
Josue (GIOSUÈ)
High priest in the time of Zerubbabel. Probably born in exile (Josedech, his father, was deported to Babylon in 587: 1 Chron. 6:15 [Hebr. 5:41]), he is in… -
Joubert, Joseph
French moralist, b. at Montignac-le-Compte (Périgord) on 7 May 1754, d. at Villeneuve-sur-Yonne on 4 May 1824. From 1768 he was educated at the College of… -
Jouffroy, Jean
French cardinal and politician, b. at Luxeuil around 1412, d. at Rully on 24 Nov. 1473. He studied jurisprudence at Cologne and at Pavia, where he embraced the… -
Jouffroy, Théodore
French philosopher, b. at Pontets (Doubs) on 7 July 1796, d. at Paris on 1 March 1842. He first studied under the direction of his uncle abbé Jouffroy and then… -
Joulain, Henri
Born on 24 Sept. 1852 at St-Romans-Les-Melle, diocese of Poitiers, a priest in 1875, in 1880 he became an Oblate of Mary Immaculate. In the same year he went… -
Joule, James Prescott
B. at Salford near Manchester on 24 Dec. 1818, d. at Sale (Cheshire) on 11 Oct. 1889. Together with the Germans J. R. Mayer and H. v. Helmholtz, he is… -
Joüon, Paul (JOÛON, PAUL)
Jesuit Semitist, b. at Nantes on 26 Feb. 1871, d. there on 18 Feb. 1940. Professor of Hebrew language at St. Joseph's University in Beirut (1907-14), then at… -
Journal of Biblical and Religion, The (JOURNAL OF BIBLIC AND RELIGION, THE)
Official journal of the Protestant National Association of Biblical Instructors to foster religion in education (= NABI, an acronym alluding to nábbi'… -
Journal of Biblical Literature
It began publication in Middletown (Connecticut) in 1881 under the name Journal of the Society of biblical literature and exegesis, edited by the Society… -
Journal of Near Eastern Studies
A Protestant quarterly journal, published under the auspices of the University of Chicago. It began publication in Jan. 1942, under the editorship of G. G.… -
Journal of Theological Studies
A quarterly journal of Protestant theology, published by the Oxford University Press in England, for professors and students of theology. It first appeared in… -
Jouvancy, Joseph de
Jesuit, philologist, pedagogue and historian, b. in Paris on 14 Sept. 1643, d. in Rome on 29 May 1719. He taught Latin and Greek letters for many years in the… -
Jouvenet, Jean-Baptiste, called Le Grand (JOUVENET, JEAN-BAPTISTE, DETTO LE GRAND)
The best-known representative of a family of artists, b. at Rouen in 1644, d. at Paris in 1717. Having moved to Paris in 1661, he attended the Royal Academy of… -
Jovellanos, Gaspar Melchior de
Statesman, man of letters, economist, b. at Gijón (Spain) on 5 February 1744, d. at Puerto de Vega on 27 November 1811. At Alcalá and Ávila he completed his… -
Jovian (Flavius Jovianus Augustus) (GIOVIANO (FLAVIUS IOVIANUS AUGUSTUS))
Roman emperor, b. at Singidunum in Moesia in 331, d. in Bithynia on 17 February 364. Son of the count Varronianus, he pursued a military career under… -
Jovinian (GIOVINIANO)
Heretic of the 4th century. Nothing is known about his origin and early education; the place and date of his death are likewise unknown. Around 385, after… -
Jovinian, First Patriarch of Jerusalem (GIOVENALE, PRIMO PATRIARCA DI GERUSALEMME)
From 422 to 458. He was a great friend of St. Cyril of Alexandria, with whom he joined forces at the Council of Ephesus (431) in the struggle against… -
Jovinian, Saint (GIOVENALE, SANTO)
Bishop of Narni in the 4th century, died, probably, in 376 (cf. Anal. Boll., 54 [1936], p. 168). A Vita, later than the 7th century and of very doubtful… -
Jovita, Saint, Martyr (GIOVITA, SANTO, MARTIRE)
GIOVITA, santo, martire: v. FAUSTINO E GIOVITA, saints, martyrs. -
Joyce, James
Irish narrator, b. in Dublin on 2 February 1882, d. in Zurich on 13 January 1941. He was educated in Catholic institutions and, after having initially even… -
Joyeuse, François-Henri
French cardinal, b. June 24, 1562, d. Aug. 27, 1615 at Avignon. Elected archbishop of Narbonne in 1581 and cardinal on Dec. 13, 1583 by Gregory XIII, at the… -
Juana Inés de la Cruz
Poet, b. at San Miguel de Nepantla on 12 Nov. 1651, d. at Mexico City on 17 Apr. 1695. She is the greatest poetess in the Spanish language of the Baroque age.… -
Juan Manuel, Infante of Castile (JUAN MANUEL, INFANTE DI CASTIGLIA)
Writer, b. in the castle of Escalona (Toledo) in 1282, d. around 1348. Nephew of St. Ferdinand III, he took part in deeds of arms and in the political events… -
Juárez, Benito Pablo (JUAREZ, BENITO PABLO)
Mexican politician, b. 21 March 1806 at S. Pueblo Guelatao (Oaxaca), d. 18 July 1872 in Mexico City. He first practiced law, then devoted himself to politics.… -
Jubal (IUBAL)
Cainite, son of Lamech and of Adah, and "father of all those who handle the lyre and the flute" (Gen. 4:21). That is, the inventor of the kinnōr and the… -
Jube (JUBÉ)
JUBÉ: v. LECTORIUM. -
Jubilee (GIUBILEO)
The year of the J. is so called in the Mosaic books, and allegorically in the prophetic books (Ex. 46, 17), the year of remission (Septuagint: ἕως τῆς… -
Jubilee Book, Book of (GIUBILEI, LIBRO DEI)
A Jewish apocryphon that paraphrases Gen. 1-13; 24. The Fathers call it Leptogenesis (Didymus of Alexandria, Enarrat. in epist. I Io. 3, 12), because the… -
Jubilee, Indulgence of (GIUBILAZIONE, INDULTO DI)
It is the pontifical indult by which the prebendaries and beneficiaries of a Chapter acquire exemption from the obligations of choral service and residence… -
Judah Levita (GIUDA LEVITA)
Jewish poet and apologist, b. in 1070 (or 1075) at Tudela. He later lived in Toledo and elsewhere in Spain. He had as friends many poets and men of letters… -
Judah the Holy (GIUDA IL SANTO)
Tannaite (v. TALMUD), also called J. the Prince (Jéhudhah han-Nāsī'), b. ca. 135, d. in 210 A.D. He laid the foundations for the redaction of the Mishnah. He… -
Judaism (GIUDAISMO)
Religion and institutions of the people of Israel, which took definitive form from the time of the Babylonian exile (6th century B.C.), when Israel found… -
Judaizers (GIUDAIZZANTI)
This was the name given in Russia toward the end of the 15th century (1487-1503) to the deniers of the Trinity, frequent especially in Novgorod but also… -
Judas (GIUDA)
Fourth son of Jacob, born of Leah, called Jéhâdhâh "praise, acclaim" (Gen. 29:35; 49:8). He sought with Reuben to save Joseph (Gen. 37:26 ff.). By Tamar he had… -
Judas Barsabbas (GIUDA BARSABA)
GIUDA BARSABA : v. BARSABA. -
Judas, Brother of the Lord (GIUDA IL FRATELLO DEL SIGNORE)
GIUDA IL FRATELLO del SIGNORE: v. GIUDA TADDEO. -
Judas Iscariot (GIUDA ISCARIOTA)
Apostle, sadly famous for having betrayed Jesus. Son of a certain Simon, from the city of Qerijoth (John 6:72; 13:2-26), perhaps the present-day Hirbet… -
Judas Maccabeus (GIUDA MACCABEO)
GIUDA MACCABEO : v. MACCABEI. -
Judas of Galilee (GIUDA GALILEO)
Leader of one of the revolts that broke out in Palestine against Roman rule, on the occasion of the census ordered by the senator P. Sulpicius Quirinius… -
Judas Thaddeus (GIUDA TADDEO)
Apostle, distinguished in the lists from the namesake traitor by the designation "J. [brother] of James" (in Lk. 6:16 in the penultimate place; in Acts 1:13… -
Judea (GIUDEA)
An appellation (Gr. Ἰουδαία, Lat. Iudaea) used absolutely or with γῆ (Jn. 3:22) or χώρα (Mk. 1:5), in use from the earliest Hellenistic times (F.-M. Abel [v.… -
Judeo-Christians (GIUDEOCRISTIANI)
These are converts to the Christian faith from Judaism, who originally constituted the entire community of the Church of Jerusalem and had as its head the… -
Judge (GIUDICE)
By judge in the strict sense is meant a person (single judge) or a body of persons (collegiate judge) called to decide a case by means of a decision having… -
Judges (GIUDICI)
Designation of the leaders of Israel (Hebr. Ἰόρβες, plur. Ἰόρβεξῶ; cf. the sūfētes of the Carthaginians: Liv., 28, 27, 2; 30, 7, 5), in the period after Joshua… -
Judgment (GIUDIZIO)
Judgment (Gr. ἀπόφασις, κατάφασις, Lat. iudicium, propositio, enunciatio, sententia) is the act by which thought affirms (or denies) something. The Latin term… -
Judgment of God (GIUDIZIO DI DIO)
This was the name given to those trials that made either a declaration of innocence or the resolution of a civil or criminal dispute depend on the presumed… -
Judicial Assistance (ASSISTENZA GIUDIZIARIA)
ASSISTENZA GIUDIZIARIA: v. PATROCINIO GRATUITO. -
Judicial Inquisition (INQUISIZIONE GIUDIZIALE)
An investigation that must be carried out before the citation of the accused, when the crime is neither notorious nor entirely certain; it can be conducted ex… -
Judicial Order (ORDINE GIUDIZIARIO)
The question, more formal than substantive, whether the judiciary constitutes > ORDER OF THE MOST HOLY SAVIOR AND OF ST. BRIDGET. - St. Bridget. High relief on… -
Judicial Reproof (RIMPROVERO GIUDIZIALE)
RIMPROVERO GIUDIZIALE: v. AMMONIZIONE. -
Judith (GIUDITTA)
A pious and heroic widow who freed Bethulia; the name Jēhūdhith had already been borne by the wife of Esau, daughter of Beeri the Hittite (Gen. 26:34). She… -
Juiz de Fora, Diocese of (JUIZ DE FORA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil. It has an area of 15,269 sq. km. with 558,000 inhabitants, of whom 550,000 are Catholics; it has 55… -
Jujuy, Diocese of (JUJUY, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Argentina. The diocese has an area of 56,551 sq. km. with 166,943 inhabitants, of whom 166,710 are… -
Julfa (Isfahan) (GULFÀ (ISPAHÂN))
City of an Armenian colony of the Persian Empire. When in 1605 the Persian shah 'Abbâs conquered Greater Armenia, he deported several thousand Armenian… -
Julia, Caesarea (GIULIA, CESAREA)
GIULIA, CESAREA: V. ALGERI. -
Juliana Falconieri, Saint (GIULIANA FALCONIERI, SANTA)
Foundress of the religious of the Third Order of the Servants of Mary (the Mantellate). According to the writings of Paolo degli Attavanti (second half of the… -
Julian and Basilissa, Saints, Martyrs (GIULIANO E BASILISSA, SANTI, MARTIRI)
They are commemorated together with others on January 6 in the Jeronymian Martyrology, on June 8 and 21 in the Synaxarion of Constantinople, and on January 9… -
Juliana of Cornillon, Blessed (GIULIANA DI CORNILLON, BEATA)
Promoter of the feast of Corpus Christi, b. at Retinne (near Liège) between 1191 and 1192, d. at Fosses (diocese of Liège) on 5 April 1258. Orphaned, she was… -
Juliana of Norwich (GIULIANA DI NORWICH)
English mystic, b. in 1342; she was still living in 1413. In May 1373 she was favored with sixteen "Showings" or "Revelations," narrated in English about 20… -
Juliano da Maiano (GIULIANO DA MAIANO)
Architect and carver, b. at Maiano (Fiesole), in 1432, d. at Naples on 17 Oct. 1490. He belongs to a family of artists: his father, Leonardo d'Antonio, was a… -
Julian of Brioude, Saint, Martyr (GIULIANO DI BRIOUDE, SANTO, MARTIRE)
Much venerated in France and extolled by Sidonius Apollinaris and Gregory of Tours, he is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 28 Aug. The… -
Julian of Eclanum (GIULIANO DI ECLANO)
So called from his episcopal see (now vanished; ruins near present-day Mirabella Eclano, east of Benevento), he was the most tenacious and combative supporter… -
Julian of Halicarnassus (GIULIANO DI ALICARNASSO)
Monophysite bishop of Halicarnassus in Caria at the beginning of the 6th century. In 511 J. had taken part in the disturbances caused at Constantinople by the… -
Julian of Speyer (Theutonicus) (GIULIANO DA SPIRA (THEUTONICUS))
Franciscan scholar and musician, b. at Speyer at the end of the 12th century, d. at Paris ca. 1250. He was a famous master of singing at the court of France… -
Julian of Toledo, Saint (GIULIANO DA TOLEDO, SANTO)
He is believed to be of Jewish origin; he was a disciple of Archbishop Eugenius II of Toledo, the poet. St. Julian of Toledo (who lived between c. 642 and c.… -
Julian, Pomerius (GIULIANO, POMERIO)
GIULIANO, POMERIO: v. POMERIO, GIULIANO. -
Julian Sabas, Saint (GIULIANO SABA, SANTO)
Died around 377. He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on January 14 and October 18; on this second date also by the Greeks. St. John Chrysostom recalls… -
Julian the Apostate, Roman Emperor (GIULIANO L'APOSTATA, IMPERATORE ROMANO)
B. at Constantinople in 331, d. at Ctesiphon on 27 June 363. Son of Julius Constantius, brother of Constantine the Great, and of Basilina, he was early left an… -
Julian the Hospitaller, Saint (GIULIANO LO SPEDALIERE, SANTO)
Neither the date nor the place of his birth can be established; his biographical data are purely legendary, and the legend appears from the 12th century onward… -
Julia, Saint, Martyr (GIULIA, SANTA, MARTIRE)
She is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 22 May as a martyr of Corsica, but it is doubtful whether she was a local martyr or an African one who… -
Julitta, Saint, Martyr (GIULITTA, SANTA, MARTIRE)
GIULITTA, santa, martire: v. QUIRICO e GIULITTA, saints, martyrs. -
Julius (GIULIO)
Centurione al quale fu affidato Paolo, prigioniero, nel viaggio da Cesarea a Roma (Act. 27, 1-28, 16).G. treated Paul with great humanity (Acts 27:3), for… -
Julius Africanus (GIULIO AFRICANO)
GIULIO AFRICANO : v. SESTO GIULIO AFRICANO. -
Julius III, Pope (GIULIO III, PAPA)
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, b. in Rome on 10 Sept. 1487, d. there on 23 March 1555. He studied letters under the guidance of Raffaele Lippo Brandolini… -
Julius II, Pope (GIULIO II, PAPA)
Giuliano della Rovere, b. at Albissola near Savona in 1445 of an obscure family. His youth was poor; he was, probably through the care of his paternal uncle… -
Julius I, Pope, Saint (GIULIO I, PAPA, SANTO)
Elected on 6 February 337, died on 12 April 352. According to the Liber Pontificalis he was Roman, the son of a certain Rusticus. During his pontificate he… -
Julius, Saint, Martyr (GIULIO, SANTO, MARTIRE)
He is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on May 27 and June 4, but the first date seems the more reliable, according to what is also reported by the… -
Jumièges
Benedictine abbey of St. Peter, founded by St. Philibert in 654 on a plot of land granted on the banks of the Seine in the diocese of Rouen by Queen Bathilde… -
Jungmann, Bernard
Theologian, b. in Münster on 1 March 1833, d. in Louvain on 12 Jan. 1895. From 1861 he taught philosophy at the Seminary of Roulers (diocese of Bruges)… -
Jungmann, Joseph
German Jesuit, b. 12 Nov. 1830 at Münster in Westphalia, d. 25 Nov. 1885 at Innsbruck, at whose University he had taught sacred eloquence for several years.… -
Jung-Stilling, Johann Heinrich
Pietist, b. at Grund (Hilchenbach) on Sept. 12, 1740, d. at Karlsruhe on Apr. 2, 1817. In 1787 he was professor of economic and administrative sciences at the… -
Junilius Africanus (GIUNILIO AFRICANO)
Writer, d. 248-49. His real name is Junilius (Iunillus): cf. Procopius, Anecd., 20, 17. He was quaestor sacri palatii under Justinian and wrote for Primasius… -
Junius, François (François du Jon) (IUNIUS, FRANÇOIS (FRANÇOIS DU JON))
Protestant theologian and philologist, b. at Bourges on 1 May 1545, d. at Leiden on 13 Oct. 1602. While still very young he exercised the pastoral ministry in… -
Juno (Iuno) (GIUNONE (IUNO))
Italic and Roman goddess. The classic figure of Jupiter's spouse, familiar from Latin poetry, is merely a historical product determined in large part by the… -
Jupiter (Juppiter) (GIOVE (IUPPITER))
Supreme god of the Roman religion. His name, linguistically identical to the Vedic Dyäus Pită (v.), is of Indo-European origin and conceals within itself the… -
Jurats (GIURATI)
So called from the oath by which they bind themselves to the upright discharge of their office, jurors are a body of citizens belonging to categories listed by… -
Juridicism (GIURIDISMO)
A charge leveled by the Slavophiles against the Catholic Church, alleging that it has replaced the grace of mutual love and the gifts bestowed by the Holy… -
Jurieu, Pierre
Protestant controversialist, b. 24 Dec. 1637 at Mer (diocese of Blois), d. at Rotterdam on 11 Jan. 1713. He studied at the Calvinist Academy of Saumur, in… -
Jurisdiction (GIURISDIZIONE)
Iurisdictio (from ius and dicere), indicates, in Roman legal sources, the activity of one who administers justice. SUMMARY: I. Notions. - II. Distinctions. -… -
Jurisdictionalism (GIURISDIZIONALISMO)
GIURISDIZIONALISMO: V. REGALISMO; SEPARATISMO. -
Jurisprudence (GIURISPRUDENZA)
From the Latin iurisprudentia, it means expertise in law, an expertise that is at once theoretical science and practical wisdom. Such, in fact, is the value of… -
Jurodivyj
A title given in Russia to ascetics who by their conduct seek the contempt of men and inner freedom in the divine service. Of these "fools for Christ" there… -
Jurua (JURUÀ)
A "nullius" prelature in the State of Amazonas in Brazil. It has an area of 20,000 sq km with 78,000 inhabitants, of whom 75,000 are Catholics; it has 6… -
Jus
A quarterly periodical, with the subtitle Rivista di scienze giuridiche pubblicata per cura della Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, founded in Milan in 1940… -
Jus Primae Noctis (IUS PRIMAE NOCTIS)
That in the Middle Ages, particularly in the 11th to 13th centuries, but also much earlier and much later, feudal lords had and exercised a right to spend the… -
Just Cause (CAUSA GIUSTA)
It is that reasonable and proportionate motive which leads the ecclesiastical authority to take some measure and in particular to grant some dispensation or… -
Justification (GIUSTIFICAZIONE)
In the active sense it designates the act by which God transforms a soul, causing it to pass from the state of sin to the state of grace; in the passive sense… -
Justina, Roman Empress (GIUSTINA, IMPERATRICE ROMANA)
Daughter of Justus, consularis of Picenum and a relative of Magnentius, whom she married while still a girl. Left a widow, around 370 she married Valentinian… -
Justin, Saint, Martyr (GIUSTINO, SANTO, MARTIRE)
Apologist and philosopher, d. ca. 165. SUMMARY: I. Life. - II. Works. - III. Thought. I. LIFE. - St. J. himself informs us about his life in the first place.… -
Justin (Zapertowicz) of Miechów (GIUSTINO (ZAPERTOWICZ) DA MIECHÓW)
Polish Dominican orator and writer, b. at Mie- chów around 1597-91 (not 1594), d. at the beginning of 1649 (indirect sources give 1642). In the year 1616 he… -
Justus of Canterbury, Saint (GIUSTO DI CANTERBURY, SANTO)
Very probably of Roman origin and a Benedictine monk in the monastery of the Caelian, he died at Canterbury on 10 November 630. Together with Abbot Mellitus… -
Justus of Ghent, Joos van Wassenhove, called (GIUSTO DI GAND, JOOS VAN WASSENHOVE, DETTO)
Painter b. between 1435 and 1440 either at Antwerp or at Ghent; in 1460 he was received into the Guild of St. Luke of Antwerp and on 6 Oct. 1464 into the… -
Justus of Urbino (Curtopassi) (GIUSTO DA URBINO (CURTOPASSI))
Capuchin missionary and Ethiopianist, b. at Matraia (Lucca) on 30 Aug. 1814, d. at Hartom on 21 Sept. 1856. Having set out for East Africa (1846), he was then… -
Justus of Urgell (GIUSTO DI URGEL)
Flourished around 546, a prominent figure at the Councils of Lerida and Valencia of 546. According to the testimony of St. Isidore, he wrote an Expositio in… -
Just Wrath of the Creator (IRA IUSTA CONDITORIS)
Hymn of Matins for the feast of the Most Precious Blood, composed and inserted into the Breviary under Pius IX. The power of the blood of Christ, which has… -
Juvara (Juvarra), Filippo
Architect and engraver, b. in Messina on 16 June 1678, d. in Madrid on 31 Jan. 1736. From his father, a chaser, he learned the art of drawing, at the same time… -
Juvenal (Ruffini) of Val di Non (Ananiensis) (GIOVENALE (RUFFINI) DA VAL DI NON (ANANIENSIS))
Capuchin philosopher and theologian of the Tyrolean province, b. 25 March 1635, entered the Order at Scandinga on 18 May 1652, d. at Innsbruck on 18 April… -
Juvencus (Gaius Vettius Aquilinus Iuvencus) (GIOVENCO (GAIUS VETTIUS AQUILINUS IUVENCUS))
He is the first Christian Latin poet whom we are able to encounter after the Edict of Milan (513 A.D.). A native of the Vettones, an ancient people of… -
Juvenile Rehabilitation (RIEDUCAZIONE MINORILE)
RIEDUCAZIONE MINORILE: v. MINORENNI, CORRUZIONE dei. 2. Correzione dei m.