The Lord appeareth again to Solomon: he buildeth cities: he sendeth a fleet to Ophir.
Our Lord appearing againe to Salomon. 4. admonisheth him and his people to keepe the precepts. 6. threatning punishment if they do not. 10. The king of Tyre receiueth tvventie cities of Salomon, but liketh them not. 14. Salomon buildeth more cities and tovvnes. 20. Maketh diuers nations tributarie. 24. The Quene repayreth to her house. 25. The king offereth victimes thrise euerie yeare. 26. and fetcheth gold from Ophir.
1And it came to pass when Solomon had finished the building of the house of the Lord, and the king’s house, and all that he desired and was pleased to do,Avendo dunque Salomone compiuta la fabbrica della casa del Signore, e del palazzo reale, e tutto quello, che aveva intenzione, e bramosia di fare,AND it came to passe when Salomon had perfected the building of the house, of our Lord, & the kinges house, and al that he wished and would haue done,Factum est autem cum perfecisset Salomon ædificium domus Domini, et ædificium regis, et omne quod optaverat et voluerat facere, 2That the Lord appeared to him the second time, as he had appeared to him in Gabaon.Gli apparve il Signore per la seconda volta, come gli era apparito a Gabaon.our Lord appeared to him the second time, as he had appeared to him in Gabaon.apparuit ei Dominus secundo, sicut apparuerat ei in Gabaon. 3And the Lord said to him: I have heard thy prayer and thy supplication, which thou hast made before me: I have sanctified this house, which thou hast built, to put my name there for ever; and my eyes, and my heart, shall be there always.E il Signore disse a lui: Io ho esaudita la tua orazione, e le suppliche, che tu hai fatte dinanzi a me: ho santificata questa casa edificata da te, affinchè ella porti in sempiterno il mio nome, e gli occhi miei, e il mio cuore saran fissi su questo luogo in ogni tempo.And our Lord said to him: I haue heard thy prayer & thy petition, which thou hast prayed before me: I haue sanctified this house, which thou hast built, that I might put my name there for euer, and myne eies and my hart shal be there alwaies.Dixitque Dominus ad eum: Exaudivi orationem tuam et deprecationem tuam, quam deprecatus es coram me: sanctificavi domum hanc quam ædificasti, ut ponerem nomen meum ibi in sempiternum, et erunt oculi mei et cor meum ibi cunctis diebus. 4And if thou wilt walk before me, as thy father walked, in simplicity of heart, and in uprightness: and wilt do all that I have commanded thee, and wilt keep my ordinances, and my judgments,E parimente se tu camminerai dinanzi a me, come camminò il padre tuo, con cuor semplice, e retto, e farai tutto quello, ch'io ti ho comandato, e osserverai le mie leggi, e i miei comandamenti,Thou also if thou wilt walke before me, as thy father walked, in simplicitie of hart, and in equitie: and wilt doe al thinges, which I haue commanded thee, and wilt keepe my ordinances and my iudgementes,Tu quoque si ambulaveris coram me sicut ambulavit pater tuus, in simplicitate cordis et in æquitate, et feceris omnia quæ præcepi tibi, et legitima mea et judicia mea servaveris, 5I will establish the throne of thy kingdom over Israel for ever, as I promised David, thy father, saying: There shall not fail a man of thy race upon the throne of Israel.Io stabilirò il trono del tuo regno sopra Israele in eterno conforme promisi a Davidde tuo padre, dicendogli: Non mancherà di tua stirpe chi segga sul trono d'Israele.I wil sette the throne of thy kingdom ouer Israel for euer, as I haue spoken to Dauid thy father, saying: There shal not be taken away a man of thy stocke from the throne of Israel.ponam thronum regni tui super Israël in sempiternum, sicut locutus sum David patri tuo, dicens: Non auferetur vir de genere tuo de solio Israël.
6But if you and your children, revolting, shall turn away from following me, and will not keep my commandments, and my ceremonies, which I have set before you, but will go and worship strange gods, and adore them:Ma se mai vi ritirerete voi, ed i vostri figliuoli dal seguir me, e dall'osservanza de' miei precetti, e delle cerimonie, che io vi ho ordinate, anzi anderete dietro agli dei stranieri, e loro renderete culto, e gli adorerete:But if by reuolting you and your children shal turne away, not folowing me, nor keeping my commandementes, and my ceremonies, which I haue proposed to you, but shal goe and worshippe strange goddes, and adore them:Si autem aversione aversi fueritis vos et filii vestri, non sequentes me, nec custodientes mandata mea et cæremonias meas quas proposui vobis, sed abieritis et colueritis deos alienos, et adoraveritis eos: 7I will take away Israel from the face of the land which I have given them; and the temple which I have sanctified to my name, I will cast out of my sight; and Israel shall be a proverb, and a byword among all people.Io svellerò Israele di sopra la terra datagli da me, ed il tempio, cui io consagrai al mio nome, lo rigetterò dal mio cospetto, e sarà Israele lo scherno, e la favola di tutte le genti.I wil take away Israel from the face of the land, which I haue geuen them, and the temple which I haue sanctified to my name, I wil cast away from my sight, and Israel shal be for a prouerbe, and for a fable to al peoples.auferam Israël de superficie terræ quam dedi eis, et templum quod sanctificavi nomini meo, projiciam a conspectu meo: eritque Israël in proverbium, et in fabulam cunctis populis. 8And this house shall be made an example of: every one that shall pass by it, shall be astonished, and shall hiss, and say: Why hath the Lord done thus to this land, and to this house?E questa casa sarà un esempio: chiunque le passerà davanti rimarrà stupefatto, e darà in esclamazioni, e dirà: Per qual motivo ha egli il Signore trattato in tal guisa questo paese, e questa casa?And this house shal be for an example: euerie one that shal passe by it, shal wonder, and hisse, and say: Why hath the Lord done thus to this land, and to this house?Et domus hæc erit in exemplum: omnis qui transierit per eam, stupebit, et sibilabit, et dicet: Quare fecit Dominus sic terræ huic, et domui huic ? 9And they shall answer: Because they forsook the Lord their God, who brought their fathers out of the land of Egypt, and followed strange gods, and adored them, and worshipped them: therefore hath the Lord brought upon them all this evil.E sarà loro risposto perchè hanno abbandonato il Signore Dio loro, il quale trasse i padri loro dalla terra d'Egitto, e sono andati dietro agli dei stranieri, e gli hanno adorati e serviti; per questo il Signore ha mandato sciagure tali sopra di essi.And they shal answere: Because they haue forsaken the Lord their God, which brought their fathers out of the Land of Aegypt, and haue folowed strange goddes, & adored them, and worshipped them: therfore hath the Lord brought vpon them al this euil.Et respondebunt: Quia dereliquerunt Dominum Deum suum, qui eduxit patres eorum de terra Ægypti, et secuti sunt deos alienos, et adoraverunt eos, et coluerunt eos: idcirco induxit Dominus super eos omne malum hoc.
10And when twenty years were ended, after Solomon had built the two houses; that is, the house of the Lord, and the house of the king,Passati dipoi venti anni, ne quali Salomone edificò due case, cioè la casa del Signore, e la casa del re,And twentie yeares being complete, after that Salomon had built the two houses, that is, the house of our Lord, and the house of the kingExpletis autem annis viginti postquam ædificaverat Salomon duas domos, id est, domum Domini, et domum regis 11(Hiram, the king of Tyre, furnishing Solomon with cedar trees, and fir trees, and gold, according to all he had need of) then Solomon gave Hiram twenty cities in the land of Galilee.(Avendogli Hiram re di Tiro somministrati i legnami di cedro, e di abete, e l'oro, di, cui egli potè aver bisogno) allora diede Salomone ad Hiram venti città nel paese della Galilea.(Hiram the king of Tyre ministring to Salomon ceder trees & firre trees, and gold according to al that he had neede) then Salomon gaue to Hiram twentie townes in the Land of Galilee.(Hiram rege Tyri præbente Salomoni ligna cedrina et abiegna, et aurum juxta omne quod opus habuerat), tunc dedit Salomon Hiram viginti oppida in terra Galilææ. 12And Hiram came out of Tyre, to see the towns which Solomon had given him, and they pleased him not;E Hiram parti da Tiro, per vedere le città dategli da Salomone, e non gli piacquero,And Hiram went from Tyre, to see the townes which Salomon had geuen him, and they pleased him not,Et egressus est Hiram de Tyro ut videret oppida quæ dederat ei Salomon, et non placuerunt ei. 13And he said: Are these the cities which thou hast given me, brother? And he called them the land of Chabul, unto this day.E disse: Son elleno queste le città, che tu, o fratello, mi hai date? E pose loro il nome di terra di Chabul, come pur oggi si dice.and he sayd: Are these the cities, which thou hast geuen me, brother? And he called them the land Chabul, vntil this day.Et ait: Hæccine sunt civitates quas dedisti mihi, frater ? Et appellavit eas terram Chabul, usque in diem hanc. 14And Hiram sent to king Solomon a hundred and twenty talents of gold.Hiram avea ancora mandato al re Salomone cento venti talenti d'oro.Hiram also sent to king Salomon an hundred and twentie talentes of gold.Misit quoque Hiram ad regem Salomonem centum viginti talenta auri. 15This is the sum of the expenses, which king Solomon offered to build the house of the Lord, and his own house, and Mello, and the wall of Jerusalem, and Heser, and Mageddo, and Gazer.Tanto spese il re Salomone nella fabbrica della casa del Signore, e della casa sua, e di Mello, e nelle mura di Gerusalemme, e di Heser, e di Mageddo, e di Gazer.This is the summe of the expences, which king Salomon offered to build the house of our Lord, and his owne house, and Mello, and the wal of Ierusalem, and Heser, and Mageddo, and GazerHæc est summa expensarum quam obtulit rex Salomon ad ædificandam domum Domini et domum suam, et Mello, et murum Jerusalem, et Heser, et Mageddo, et Gazer.
16Pharao, the king of Egypt, came up and took Gazer, and burnt it with fire: and slew the Chanaanite that dwelt in the city, and gave it for a dowry to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.Faraone re d'Egitto andò all'assedio di Gazer, e la prese, e la diede alle fiamme, e distrusse i Chananei, che abitavano la città, e la dette per dote alla sua figliuola moglie di Salomone.Pharao the king of Aegypt came vp and rooke Gazer, and burnt it with fire: And the Chananite, that dwelt in the citie, he slewe, and gaue it for a dowrie to his daughter the wife of SalomonPharao rex Ægypti ascendit, et cepit Gazar, succenditque eam igni, et Chananæum, qui habitabat in civitate, interfecit: et dedit eam in dotem filiæ suæ uxori Salomonis. 17So Solomon built Gazer, and Bethhoron the nether,Salomone adunque riedifico Gazer, e Bethoron inferiore,Salomon therfore built Gazer, and Bethhoron the lower,Ædificavit ergo Salomon Gazer, et Bethoron inferiorem, 18And Baalath, and Palmira, in the land of the wilderness.E Baalath, e Palmira nel deserto,and Baalath, and Palmira in the Land of the wildernes.et Balaath, et Palmiram in terra solitudinis. 19And all the towns that belonged to himself, and were not walled, he fortified; the cities also of the chariots, and the cities of the horsemen, and whatsoever he had a mind to build in Jerusalem, and in Libanus, and in all the land of his dominion.E tutti i borghi, che appartenevano a lui, ed eran senza muraglie, e li fortificò, e le città dei cocchi, e le città dei soldati a cavallo, e tutto quel, che a lui piacque di fabbricare a Gerusalemme, e sul Libano, e in tutto il paese di suo dominio.And al the villages, that perteyned to him, and were without wal, he fensed, and the cities of the chariotes, and the cities of the horsemen, and whatsoeuer pleased him to build in Ierusalem, and in Libanus, and in al the land of his dominion.Et omnes vicos qui ad se pertinebant et erant absque muro, munivit, et civitates curruum et civitates equitum, et quodcumque ei placuit ut ædificaret in Jerusalem, et in Libano, et in omni terra potestatis suæ. 20All the people that were left of the Amorrhites, and Hethites, and Pherezites, and Hevites, and Jebusites, that are not of the children of Israel:Di tutta la gente, che era rimasa degli Amorrhei, e degli Hathei, e de' Pherezei, e degli Hevei, e de' Jebusei, i quali non eran del numero de' figliuoli d'Israele:Al the people, that was remayning of the Amorrheites, and Hetheites, and Pherezeites, and Heueites, and Iebuseites, that are not of the children of Israel:Universum populum qui remanserat de Amorrhæis, et Hethæis, et Pherezæis, et Hevæis, et Jebusæis, qui non sunt de filiis Israël:
21Their children, that were left in the land; to wit, such as the children of Israel had not been able to destroy, Solomon made tributary unto this day.I figliuoli di questi, che eran rimasti nel paese, perchè i figliuoli di Israele non avean potuto sterminarli, Salomone li fece tributari, come sono anche in oggi.their children, that were remayning in the land, to witte, those whom the children of Israel could not abolish: Salomon made tributaries, vntil this day.horum filios qui remanserant in terra, quos scilicet non potuerant filii Israël exterminare, fecit Salomon tributarios usque in diem hanc. 22But of the children of Israel, Solomon made not any to be bondmen, but they were warriors, and his servants, and his princes, and captains, and overseers of the chariots and horses.Ma de' figliuoli d'Israele Salomone non comportò, che alcuno servisse; ma essi erano destinati alla guerra, e ministri di lui, e principi, e capitani, e comandanti di cocchi, e di cavalliBut of the children of Israel Salomon appoynted not any man to serue, but they were men of warre, and his seruantes, and princes, and captaynes, and ouerseers of the chariotes and horses.De filiis autem Israël non constituit Salomon servire quemquam, sed erant viri bellatores, et ministri ejus, et principes, et duces, et præfecti curruum et equorum. 23And there were five hundred and fifty chief officers set over all the works of Solomon, and they had people under them, and had charge over the appointed works.Ora a tutti i lavori di Salomone soprintendevano cinquecento cinquanta capi, i quali dirigevano la moltitudine che era ad essi subordinata, e avevano ispezione sopra i lavori, che erano loro assegnati.And there were princes ouer al the workes of Salomon, made ouerseers, fiue hundred fiftie, which had the people subiect, and commanded ouer their appoynted workes.Erant autem principes super omnia opera Salomonis præpositi quingenti quinquaginta, qui habebant subjectum populum, et statutis operibus imperabant. 24And the daughter of Pharao came up out of the city of David to her house, which Solomon had built for her: then did he build Mello.Or la figliuola di Faraone passò dalla città di Davidde alla sua casa fabbricatale da Salomone: egli allora edificò Mello.And the daughter of Pharao went vp out of the citie of Dauid into her house, which Salomon had built her: then did he build Mello.Filia autem Pharaonis ascendit de civitate David in domum suam, quam ædificaverat ei Salomon: tunc ædificavit Mello. 25Solomon also offered three times every year holocausts, and victims of peace offerings, upon the altar which he had built to the Lord, and he burnt incense before the Lord: and the temple was finished.Salomone ancora offeriva tre volte l'anno degli olocausti, e delle vittime pacifiche sopra l'altare eretto da lui al Signore, e bruciava i profumi dinanzi al Signore: e il tempio fu condotto alla sua perfezione.Salomon also offered three tymes euerie yeare holocaustes, and pacifique victimes vpon the altar, which he had built to our Lord, and he burnt incense before our Lord: and the temple was perfected.Offerebat quoque Salomon, tribus vicibus per annos singulos, holocausta et pacificas victimas super altare quod ædificaverat Domino, et adolebat thymiama coram Domino: perfectumque est templum.
26And king Solomon made a fleet in Asiongaber, which is by Ailath, on the shore of the Red Sea, in the land of Edom.Fece ancora il re Salomone un'armata navale in Asiongaber, che è vicino ad Elath sul lido del mare rosso, nell'Idumea.King Salomon also made a name in Asiongaber, which is beside Ailath in the shore of the Readsea in the Land of Idumea.Classem quoque fecit rex Salomon in Asiongaber, quæ est juxta Ailath in littore maris Rubri, in terra Idumææ. 27And Hiram sent his servants in the fleet, sailors that had knowledge of the sea, with the servants of Solomon.E Hiram mandò su quell'annata un numero de' suoi servi intelligenti nella nautica, e pratichi del mare insieme co' servi di Salomone:And Hiram sent in that nauie his men, that were mariners & skilful of the sea, with the seruantes of Salomon.Misitque Hiram in classe illa servos suos viros nauticos et gnaros maris, cum servis Salomonis. 28And they came to Ophir; and they brought from thence to king Solomon four hundred and twenty talents of gold.I quali essendo andati a Ophir, portarono al re Salomone quattro cento venti talenti d'oro, che indi ritrassero.Who when they were come into Ophir, the gold taken thence of foure hundred and twentie talentes, they brought to king Salomon.Qui cum venissent in Ophir, sumptum inde aurum quadringentorum viginti talentorum, detulerunt ad regem Salomonem.
9:1
Menochius
Do, regarding those buildings, Paralipomenon. (Menochius)
9:2
Calmet
Gabaon; that is, "during the night," 2 Paralipomenon 7:12. God had spoken to Solomon, by a prophet, while he was building the temple; (chap. 6:11.; Haydock) unless that passage relate to the same time as that which is here recorded more in detail, and took place in the night, after Solomon had poured forth his most solemn prayer. (Calmet)
Salien
Others think that God deferred answering his petition for thirteen years, till Solomon was on the point of falling off from the observance of piety, that so he might be restrained more effectually. (Salien, the year before Christ 1011.)
Menochius
Fire from heaven had sufficiently signified that his former request had been granted. (Menochius)
Salien
The context shews that the admonition was not sent till the palace was finished, (ver. 1, and 10.) in the 23rd year of Solomon. (Salien)
9:4
Challoner
Simplicity of heart. That is, in the sincerity and integrity of a single heart, as opposite to all double-dealing and deceit. (Challoner)
Worthington
External worship alone will not be acceptable. (Worthington)
St. Augustine
"God is worshipped by faith, hope, and charity." (St. Augustine, Ench. iii.)
9:6
Menochius
But if. This threat had been denounced by Moses, (Deuteronomy 29:24.) and was repeated by Jeremias, (xxii. 8.) when it was on the point of being put in execution. (Menochius)
9:7
Haydock
Take away, by death or exile. (Haydock)
Calmet
Sight. God is disposed to grant favours to those who approach his temples with piety. If they indulge their passions, he will suffer these holy places to be profaned, as a dreadful warning of his displeasure. The Jews enjoyed prosperity while they continued faithful. On their revolt, the ark was taken, the temple pillaged by Sesac, burnt by Nabuchodonosor, profaned by Antiochus, and destroyed by the Romans. (Calmet)
9:8
Haydock
Example. Hebrew, "at this house, on high," (or dedicated "to the most high;" Paralipomenon) "every," etc. (Haydock)
Calmet
It shall be treated with no more regard than the high places of idols. (Calmet)
Challoner
Though at present so much exalted, it shall be reduced to a heap of ruins, (Vatable) and destroyed. (Challoner)
9:11
Calmet
Galilee, the higher, which was nearer to the sea and the confines of Tyre; (Menochius) or rather the lower Galilee lay in this direction. (Calmet)
Grotius
This was not a part of the country allotted to Israel, (Josue 19:27.) but had been conquered: as Hiram gave the cities back, 2 Paralipomenon 8:2. Solomon caused them to be rebuilt, and peopled by the Israelites. (Grotius)
Calmet
If they had formed a part of his dominions before, he would not have had to send a colony thither. (Calmet)
Worthington
Others think that he only ceded that country for a time to Hiram, till he should be indemnified. (Abulensis) (Tostat) (Menochius) (Tirinus) (Worthington)
Tirinus
The country belonged to the Lord, (Leviticus 25:13.) and could not be given away by the prince. In case it had been occupied by strangers, Solomon would have taken care that the Israelites should have the free exercise of their religion. But as Hiram rejected his offer, he would make him recompense by some other means; (Calmet) in ready money, ver. 14. (Josephus) (Tirinus)
9:13
Calmet
Brother. By this title the eastern kings addressed each other, 3 Kings 20:32., and 1 Machabees 10:18., and 11:30. Solomon and Hiram always lived on good terms. (Calmet)
Challoner
Chabul: that is, dirty or displeasing. (Challoner)
Haydock
The latter signification is given by Josephus, from the Phoenician language. (Haydock)
9:15
Tirinus
Offered, or paid back to Hiram, for what he had lent. (Tirinus)
Haydock
Hebrew, "And this is the reason of the levy (or tribute) which king Solomon imposed, in order to build," etc. (Haydock)
Calmet
We have seen that Adoniram was at the head of this department, 3 Kings 5:14. The people bore these burdens with patience, till the works of Mello gave Jeroboam an occasion of stirring them up to rebellion, 3 Kings 11:27. Mello was a palace, fortification, (Calmet) or bridge, erected in the vale, (Salien) from the palace to the temple, (Menochius) lying between Sion and the old Jerusalem. David had begun to build here, and Solomon perfected the works. Ezechias repaired the wall, 2 Paralipomenon 32:5. In this palace Joas was slain, 4 Kings 12:20. (Calmet)
Haydock
Heser, or Asor, Josue 15:23., and 19:36. (Haydock)
There was a town of this name in the tribe of Juda, and another in that of Nephthali.
Gazer had been taken by Josue, but the Chanaanites had again made themselves masters of it.
9:16
Calmet
Wife. This custom distinguished princes from common people, who paid a dowry to their intended bride, 2 Machabees 1:14. Philadelphus gave his daughter Bernice to Antiochus, of Syria, with an immense dowry, which caused her to be styled Phernophorus. The influence of these royal wives was more extensive than that of others of meaner birth, as we find in the daughter of Pharao, Jezabel, Athalia, etc. (Calmet)
9:17
Menochius
Nether, in the tribe of Benjamin. 2 Paralipomenon 8:5. adds, the upper, which was a town of Ephraim. (Menochius)
9:18
Calmet
Baalath. There were several towns of this name, Josue 19:44. (Calmet)
Calmet
Palmira. Hebrew Tamor, "a palm-tree." (Calmet)
Kennicott
But the d is preserved in the margin, as well as in some manuscripts, and in the ancient versions; and is read, Tadmor, in Chronicles. (Kennicott)
Haydock
Protestants have also, "Tadmor, in the wilderness, in the land." (Haydock)
Josephus
Le Clerc adds, "of Aram," or Syria of Soba, 2 Paralipomenon 8:3, 4. Palmira, famous for its water and fertile soil, was the boundary of the Roman and Parthian empires, (Pliny, [Natural History?] 5:25.) surrounded on all sides by vast deserts, and built by Solomon for the advantage of travellers, a day's journey from the Euphrates. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 8:6.)
Brun
Superb ruins are still to be seen, and various pagan inscriptions, in Greek. There are others in an unknown language, which might relate to the Jewish or Christian affairs. See Phil. Transac. Oct. 1695. (Brun)
Calmet
The city was destroyed by the emperor Aurelian. (Calmet)
9:19
Haydock
That....himself. Hebrew, "of store;" or to keep his treasures. (Haydock)
Literally, "of indigence," designed to counteract the effects of famine. Pharao obliged the Israelites to build such cities for him, (Exodus 1:11.) which are called cities of tabernacles. The word miscenoth is here rendered, were not walled.
Calmet
Chariots. See 3 Kings 4:26. (Calmet)
Sa
Libanus, the temple, (St. Jerome, Trad.) or the palace. (Sa)
Haydock
But these were both in Jerusalem. (Haydock)
Solomon built a great deal at the foot of Libanus, (Salien) as the defile was of great importance. We read of the tower of Libanus, Canticle of Canticles 7:4. Travellers mention its ruins. (Gabriel. Sionita. p. 6.)
9:21
Josephus
Day. After the captivity, some were found who had perhaps come from Phoenicia, 1 Esdras 9:1. Solomon reduced the natives of the country to the most abject condition, forcing them to work like slaves. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 8:6.)
Haydock
Hebrew, "upon those, Solomon imposed a tribute of bond-service, until this day." (Haydock)
Calmet
Esdras (1 Esdras 2:58.) calls them who returned from captivity, the children of the servants of Solomon, 392. Their fathers were probably styled proselytes; and were in number, 153,600. See 1 Paralipomenon 22:2., and 2 Paralipomenon 2:17. (Calmet)
9:22
Haydock
Bondmen. Paralipomenon, To serve in the king's works; for they were warriors, etc. The natural subjects performed the more honourable offices. (Haydock)
9:23
Calmet
Officers of the crown. There were 250 over the army, (Paralipomenon) or 3,300, (3,600, Paralipomenon) including those who presided over the proselytes, 3 Kings 5:16. (Calmet)
Menochius
These are employed while the temple was building. (Menochius)
9:24
Tirinus
Mello, taking it from the public, and adorning it with the most beautiful structures, for the honour and convenience of his queen. (Tirinus)
9:25
Calmet
Year, at the three great festivals, with peculiar solemnity, (Calmet) as well as holocausts every day, and on the sabbaths and new moons, 2 Paralipomenon 8:13. See 2 Paralipomenon 31:3. (Calmet)
Menochius
He established funds for all these victims. (Menochius)
9:26
Worthington
Fleet. Some ancient Latin editions have, (Haydock) "a name," or monument. (Worthington)
Ailath, to the east. See Numbers 33:13.
9:27
Grotius
Fleet, from Tyre, (Calmet) or from the island of the same name, in the Red Sea. (Grotius)
9:28
Calmet
Ophir, in the East Indies; (Menochius) an island called Taprobana, or Sumatra; (Salien) or a country near the heads of the Euphrates and Tigris. (Calmet, Dissert.)
Du Hamel
The variety of opinions is astonishing. Huet fixes upon Sophola, on the eastern coast of Africa; and supposes that the fleet of Hiram might proceed down a canal, which seems to have been formerly opened for a communication between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. (Strabo 1:17., and ii.) (Du Hamel)
Haydock
The various commodities might be procured either in Africa, or, on the voyage, in other countries. (Haydock)
Huet
Twenty. Paralipomenon reads fifty. The letter c (20) and n (50) may easily have been mistaken. (Huet)
Calmet
The thirty talents might be the value of other parts of the cargo, or might be spent in repairs and wages. (Calmet)
Menochius
The sum here mentioned might be also refined gold. (Menochius)
9:4
As thy father walked, in simplicity of heart.... That is, in the sincerity and integrity of a single heart, as opposite to all double dealing and deceit.
9:13
Chabul.... That is, dirty or displeasing.
9:4
External worship is not acceptable to God, except it procede from internal sinceritie and d••odon. VVherfore S. Augustin sayth: God is worshipped in faith, hope, and charitie. Enchirid. c. •.
9:11
Salomon did not •el these cities, for he could not alienate them, but let the king of Tyre haue the vse and reuenewes in payment for timber, & for the gold which he sent.
9:13
dirtie or disples sing.
9:26
a monument.
9:2
2. THE LORD APPEARED TO HIM A SECOND TIME, AS HE HAD APPEARED TO HIM (first) IN GABAON, namely He appeared to him "by night," as is said in II Paralipomenons vii, 12, in a dream: for thus He had appeared to him in Gabaon chapter III, verse 4. 3. I HAVE SANCTIFIED THIS HOUSE, that is "I have chosen this place for myself as a house of sacrifice," as is explained in II Paralipomenons vii, 12. THAT I MAY PUT MY NAME THERE FOR EVER, namely as long as the temple shall be and shall endure, it shall be called the house of the Lord, and there I shall show myself and my presence, grace and glory. AND MY EYES AND MY HEART SHALL BE THERE ALL DAYS, that is to say, I shall fix my eyes upon my house, and it shall be dear to me, to my heart and care.
9:4
4. BUT THOU ALSO IF THOU SHALT WALK BEFORE ME, AS THY FATHER WALKED IN SIMPLICITY (in Hebrew betom, that is in integrity; in Chaldee, in truth; in the Septuagint, in holiness) OF HEART, AND IN EQUITY (in Hebrew beioscer, that is in rectitude): that is, if with a whole, true, holy and perfect heart thou shalt serve me, so that thou givest thy whole heart to me, and dividest it not, so that thou givest one part of it to me, the other to idols and desires. For God demands our whole heart and our whole love, according to that: "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, and with thy whole soul, and with thy whole strength," Deuteronomy vi, 5. See the things said there. Whence explaining He adds: AND THOU SHALT DO ALL THINGS THAT I HAVE COMMANDED THEE, AND MY STATUTES (laws) AND MY JUDGMENTS (rights and judicial laws laid down by me) THOU SHALT KEEP.
9:6
6. BUT IF YOU TURNING AWAY SHALL TURN AWAY, from me and my law. 7. I WILL TAKE AWAY ISRAEL FROM THE FACE OF THE LAND, WHICH I GAVE THEM: AND THE TEMPLE WHICH I HAVE SANCTIFIED (dedicated) TO MY NAME I WILL CAST OUT, as we now see on account of the slain Christ the Jews wandering and vagabonds throughout the whole world, and their temple destroyed. Thus God has often punished Christians also falling away into heresy and other crimes, and still punishes them, by the destruction of the nation and kingdom, and allows temples and monasteries to be burned and overthrown.
9:10
10. NOW WHEN TWENTY YEARS WERE COMPLETED (from the beginning of the temple's construction, namely in the 24th year of Solomon's reign) AFTER SOLOMON HAD BUILT TWO HOUSES, THAT IS THE HOUSE OF THE LORD, AND THE HOUSE OF THE KING, etc. Then Solomon gave Hiram twenty cities in the LAND OF GALILEE. You will ask whether Solomon could lawfully alienate these cities from Israel and deliver them to Hiram, king of Tyre, a gentile? I answer that he could not lawfully alienate them forever, so as to make them part of the land of Phoenicia, because he would have done injury to the Israelites contrary to the law of God, who had assigned and given them to them. Again, Hiram would have drawn these Galileans to his idols and gentilism. Therefore he did not deliver to Hiram absolute and full dominion over them, but only the usufruct, so that Hiram would receive from them the revenues and rights which Solomon was accustomed to receive, until he compensated for the expenses he had incurred for Solomon; or certainly until his lifetime, so that after his death they would return to the kingdom and kings of Israel. Thus Abulensis, Serarius, Salianus and others.
9:13
13. And he called them the land of Cabul. "Cabul" in the Phoenician language, says Josephus, lib. VIII, cap. v, means not pleasing, or displeasing. Thus Abulensis, Cajetan and others: but in the Hebrew language chebel means fetters, whence cabul means land that is tenacious and muddy, which hinders those walking upon it, and as it were puts fetters upon them, so that they can scarcely advance. Thus R. David, Vatable and Pagninus. It could also be that cabul is derived by metathesis from keleb, that is dog, as if to say Land of dogs, vile and foul like a dog; whence Josephus says Hiram was unwilling to accept these cities, and so they remained with Israel.
9:15
15. THIS IS THE SUM OF THE EXPENSES, WHICH KING SOLOMON OFFERED FOR BUILDING THE HOUSE OF THE LORD, AND HIS OWN HOUSE, AND MELLO, AND THE WALL OF JERUSALEM, AND HESER, etc. as if to say, This is the cause or matter of so many expenses and outlays which Solomon made; namely the building of the temple, his own house, Mello, etc. In these buildings indeed he made the greatest expenses, and exhausted his most opulent treasury. For in Hebrew it is, that is the word of tribute, that is, this is the account and cause of such great tribute which Solomon imposed upon the people (on account of which the people murmured, and from Rehoboam defected to Jeroboam), namely, so that from it he might build the temple and so many cities. For building exhausts even royal and very great riches. Thus Vatable, Serarius, Sanchez and others. It could secondly, with the Septuagint, be translated, this is the sum of the distribution, into which Solomon distributed and expended his riches and such great tributes, so that the sum of expenses is the sum of things into which the expenses were made, namely the building of the temple and so many cities. For otherwise properly no sum of tributes or riches of Solomon is woven here.
9:16
16. AND HE GAVE IT AS A DOWRY TO HIS DAUGHTER THE WIFE OF SOLOMON. Already before when she married Solomon, he had given her a dowry. "As a dowry" therefore, that is as an increase of the dowry. Whence the Hebrews have, he gave him soluchim; the Septuagint ἀποστολάς, that is missiles, namely gifts, that is, he gave it to him as a gift, as the Chaldean translator rendered it.
9:18
18. And Palmyra. The Hebrews and Septuagint, Thamar, that is Palm. This city therefore appears to be called Palmyra from the abundance of palms, and from the palm groves abounding there, says St. Jerome in Ezech. cap. xlvii and xlviii. It was situated beyond the Jordan in the borders of Israel and belonged to the half-tribe of Manasseh, distant from Damascus 27 miles. Solomon therefore built it there as it were at the extreme limit of his empire, and surrounded it with very strong walls: afterwards it was restored by the Emperor Hadrian and called Hadrianopolis. From this famous city the whole region and the neighboring wilderness was called Palmyrene. See Adrichomius, pag. 92, num. 73.
9:21
21. SOLOMON MADE TRIBUTARIES, namely all the Canaanites who remained in Judaea, whom the Hebrews had not been able to exterminate. You will ask whether Solomon sinned here? for God had commanded all the Canaanites to be killed. Abulensis answers that he did not sin, because neither had David his father killed them: whence either God dispensed in his law, or rather the law did not then bind, because then all danger ceased which was feared by Israel from the Canaanites, lest namely they themselves should entice the Hebrews to their idols: for they were already completely suppressed by David and Solomon, so that they dared not do this and raise their heads. Again, Solomon could fear lest, if he himself killed all the Canaanites, the Philistines and other nations, in revenge in like manner would slaughter all the Jews living among them, indeed they themselves would make war. Add that the law commanding the Canaanites to be killed pertained especially to the Canaanites who lived in the time of Joshua and afterwards, when the land was to be conquered and possessed, as is indicated in this verse. Thus Cajetan and others.
9:26
26. The king Solomon also made a fleet. Pineda holds that Solomon equipped this fleet at the beginning of his reign, to gather gold for the building of the temple. But David had already abundantly prepared this beforehand: whence Salianus thinks that he adorned this fleet after the building of the temple in the 24th year of his reign, and he gathers this from verse 10, which understand of the later and greater fleets. For before the building of the temple, on account of the immense expense equally of building it and of the palaces and cities, it is clear that he equipped this fleet to procure gold, from chapter 10, verse 12, where it is said that Solomon made from thyine wood brought from Ophir supports for the house of the Lord and the house of the king.
9:27
27. SKILLED IN THE SEA. For the Tyrians and Phoenicians, as dwellers by the sea, were celebrated in the art of seamanship and navigation throughout all ages among all peoples.
9:28
28. AND WHEN THEY CAME TO OPHIR, THEY TOOK FROM THENCE FOUR HUNDRED AND TWENTY TALENTS OF GOLD, AND BROUGHT THEM TO KING SOLOMON. You will ask, what and where is Ophir? Some think it was Angola, in which are Ethiopians, who were brought into servitude to Solomon, as even today they are brought thence into Spain. Others judge it to have been Malacca, others Sofala, others with the man from Gubbio the very Persia, others Africa. Two opinions are more probable. The first, that Ophir is the kingdom of Peru in the West Indies, both because there is very much gold there and of the highest quality, which is exported thence almost every year into Spain, and because Ophir by metathesis of letters is Peru; and because the gold of Ophir is called the gold of Peruaim, that is of the two Perus, namely the lesser and the greater, II Paralipomenon III, 7. Thus Vatablus, Arias, Genebrardus and others, who hold that the New World was opened and known by Solomon. The latter and more common opinion is, that Ophir was in the East Indies, and therefore comprises several of its gold-bearing regions, such as the Golden Chersonese, so called from the abundance of gold, Sumatra and Taprobane, Pegu, Ceylon and other gold-bearing regions of the East Indies. Thus Sanchez, Serarius, Salianus, Gaspar Varerius, in his book On Ophir, Josephus Acosta, book I On the Nature of the New World, chapters xiii and xiv. Josephus, Hesychius, Theodoret, Procopius and St. Jerome favour this, in epistle 140 to Principia, who asserts that Ophir is named from Ophir the son of Heber, Genesis chapter x, verse 29. It is proved first, because this fleet set sail from Asiongaber situated in the Red Sea, or in the Arabian Gulf: from this, however, easy, direct and near navigation is possible through the Cape of Comorin into Sumatra and Taprobane, as being directly opposite to it, as is evident from cosmographical tables; but navigation from the Red Sea to Peru would have been very long, and plainly dangerous and circuitous: for it would have been necessary either to circle the whole East Indies to the East, Malacca, Japan and China, and there turn the course toward America: or certainly to circumnavigate the Cape of Good Hope to the West and the whole of Africa and the vast Ocean; thence through Brazil, Patagonia, Chile and the Strait of Magellan to proceed to Peru: but navigation to Peru would have been far easier and nearer from Joppa and Tyre, namely from the Mediterranean Sea, as it is today from Seville in Spain. Secondly, because the use of the magnet was then unknown: wherefore navigators measured their courses by the pole and the polar stars: hence they kept to nearby shores, and did not dare to cross the Straits of Gades (where Hercules fixed his columns, as it were the boundary of navigation, which no one dared to cross), much less the equinoctial line. Hence the Straits of Gades were held to be the extreme boundary of the earth, even by the Tyrians themselves, as Strabo testifies, book III, Diodorus, book V, Paterculus, book I. Whence the ancient Proverb: "To the Straits of Gades." In Peter Apian, book I of Antiquities, this monument exists at Gades: "Heliodorus, a mad Carthaginian, by testament ordered my sarcophagus to be placed here at the extreme end of the world, that I might see if anyone more mad than I should ever penetrate to these places to visit me." Thirdly, if the West Indies, and navigation to it by Solomon, had been discovered and well-trodden, surely the memory and continuation of it would have remained: for the desire for gold would have spurred all to it. But now no memory of it exists, indeed before Amerigo Vespucci (from whom America is named) that land was held by all to be new and unknown. It is added, that from the Arabian Gulf or Red Sea, navigation by the Tyrians and others to the East Indies was frequent, as Pineda shows from ancient authors. Fourthly, because Sumatra, Taprobane and neighbouring places abound in excellent gold, gems, thyine wood, ivory and other precious things, which are said to be in Ophir and Tharsis chapter x, verses 11 and 22, whereas Peru lacks thyine wood, apes, peacocks, ivory and elephants, as testified by Josephus Acosta in the place cited, who lived in Peru for 15 years. It is added, that Maffaeus, book XVI of the History of the Indies, writes that the Pegusians derive their race from the tradition of their ancestors to Jews exiled by Solomon to the gold-mines of Ophir, and sent to dig gold in Peru and neighbouring places. Moreover, from Ophir excellent gold is called Ophirizium, and thence obrizum, says St. Jerome in the place cited. Fifthly, Ophir is named from Ophir the son of Jectan, as grandson of Heber. Moreover, the brother of Ophir was called Havilah, and both inhabited the regions of India and the East toward the river Ganges, which were called by their names, and were most fertile in gold and gems. Hence the answer to the arguments of the former opinion is clear. Add, that Ophir by its name as much to Peru al- to play than to Africa, as if Africa were Ophir, or Africa itself. For in Ophir the first letter is Aleph, which is in Africa. Whence the Septuagint and Josephus translate "Ophir" as Sophir or Sofira, which some believe to be Sofala, which is a region of Africa, through which those coming from the Red Sea navigate to Sumatra and the rest of the East Indies. Concerning the gold of Peruaim I shall speak at II Paralipomenon III, 7. Finally, the name Peru was unknown, indeed it is still unknown to the Peruvians themselves: for the Spanish recently gave that name to that region from a certain river situated there, which is called Peru, as Acosta and others testify. Finally, why would Solomon the most wise king, leaving behind the riches of the East Indies neighboring to him, and those most excellent, have sought them in the West Indies most remote, where navigation was most dangerous; if anyone nonetheless wishes entirely that Ophir be Peru, let him say that part of this fleet sailed to Peru, another to Sumatra and the East Indies, just as now from the division of Pope Alexander VI, the Portuguese navigate to the East Indies, the Spanish neighboring to them to the West Indies. See more concerning Ophir in Pineda, book IV On the Affairs of Solomon, chapter xvi. GOLD OF FOUR HUNDRED AND TWENTY TALENTS, supplied by II Paralipomenon chapter viii, verse 18, in his manner, and he counts 450 talents. Mystically, Solomon by this navigation represented, indeed opened the way to the Spanish and Portuguese into the Indies, both that they might obtain gold, and rather that they might acquire for Christ, who is the true Solomon, the souls of the Indians more precious than all gold.
Machine translation from the Latin, not reviewed.
9:1
… In his exegetical works on the Song of Songs (Hēleq Šēlōmōh "The Desire of Solomon", cf. I Kings 9:1) and on the Pentateuch ('Ēnē hā-'ēdāh: "The Eyes of the Synagogue", cf. Num. 14:36) allegory for philosophical purposes prevails. …
9:2
… Solomon consecrated the middle of the court, and God appeared to him again (I Kings 9:2; 3:4). The Mosaic tabernacle from Gibeon was kept in the new temple, which was to be the sole sanctuary of the people of Israel. …
9:7
… Finally, m. is identified with "fable" in the pejorative sense (Ezek. 21:5; hence "to become a byword," Ezek. 14:8; Ps. 44 [45]:15; 2 Chron. 7:20; 1 Kings 9:7; Deut. 28:37).
and the object of the same (Deut. 28, 37; I Kings 9, 7; Jer. 24, 9; Ezek. 14, 8 etc.). …
9:10
… Solomon compensated H. in kind (I Kings 5:11), but later, to settle his debt, he also had to hand over to him a tract of land in Galilee, where 20 inhabited centers stood (I Kings 9:10-14). When later Solomon wished to have a long-range fleet (the "ships of Tarshish"), H. again supplied him with sailors for the direction and instruction of the Israelite personnel (I Kings 9:27).
To develop commerce, which on the whole must have been quite profitable, although critical periods also occurred (cf. 1 Kings 9, 10-14), fortified points were established to protect roads and caravan centers, with the introduction of cavalry and war chariots; above all the facilities of the port of Ezion-geber (v.) were enlarged. …
9:11
… The name Gálíl ("circle," "district"), originally reserved for the mountainous country of Naphtali, was gradually extended to the country of Chabul (1 Kings 9:11), to the district of Zebulun and to the whole territory near the lake of Gennesaret (Isa. 8:23). Inhabited for the most part by pagans, it was called gálíl hag-gójim "Galilee of the …
… From the 12th century the authority of Sidon prevailed, which, around the year 1000, was replaced by that of Tyre, whose king Hiram I (996-936) maintained political and commercial relations with David and Solomon (cf. II Sam. 5:11; I Kings 5:15-32; 9:11-14, 27; 10:11). Ittobaal (887-850), the third successor of Hiram, made an alliance with Omri and Ahab, kings of Israel (884-854), and under Pygmalion (820-774) Carthage arose (or arose again) …
9:13
Cabul (Heb. Kābhūl; Flavius Josephus Χαβούλων or Χαβώλων)
… Kābhūl; Flavius Josephus Χαβούλων or Χαβώλων). - A city of the tribe of Asher (Josh. 19:27) and a district of Galilee comprising twenty cities given by Solomon to Hiram as compensation (1 Kings 9:13).
9:15
Debbora (Heb. Dēbhōrāh «bee»; LXX Δεββόρζ; Vulg. Debora)
… between the enemy commanders — Sisera in the canticle, Jabin king of Hazor in the prose — can be explained by the rebuilding of Hazor, already alluded to in the times of Joshua (cf. Josh. 11:1-13 with 19:36), as is evident later in the times of Solomon (1 Kings 9:15), of Tiglath-Pileser (2 Kings 15:29), of Tobit (Tob. …
… Joshua killed its king (Josh. 12:21), but M., although assigned to the Manassites (Josh. 17:11; 1 Chron. 7:29), remained Canaanite until the battle of Sisera "at the waters [Kishon] of M." (Judg. 5:19). Fortified by Solomon (1 Kings 9:15), it became the administrative seat of a prefecture (ibid. 4:12). Two kings of Judah, Ahaziah and Josiah, met their death there (2 Kings 9:27; 23:30).
MELLO. - A grandiose masonry work (Heb. Millò), which appears in the list of Solomonic constructions (1 Kings 9:15-24), and occasioned the rebellion against the king (ibid. 11:27). The mention in 2 Samuel 5:9 appears as an anticipation to determine the starting point "of the M." in the repairs …
The great series of Solomonic works at Jerusalem was completed with the construction of a terrace (māllā; ibid. 11, 27), by which the site of the Temple and the Palace (Moriah) was joined to the "city of David" (Ophel), and with an enlargement of the walls (1 Kings 9, 15) of the city (v. GERUSALEMME, II).
9:16
… stock also prevailed: among others the Libyan Shoshenq (v. SESAC) of the XXII dynasty, who reestablished ties with Palestine after King Solomon (975-935) married a daughter of the king of Egypt and received the city of Gezer as her dowry (I Kings 3:1; 9:16); this would be Psusennes I, son of Smendes, the second ruler of the XXI dynasty in the Delta; from that time on it seems that relations between Egypt and Palestine became more frequent, …
… Subsequently G. is found under the Canaanites (Jos. 16, 10; Iude. 1, 29). At the time of David it is allied with the Philistines (II Sam. 5, 25; I Par. 14, 16; 20, 4). Pharaoh conquers and destroys G. and gives it as a dowry to his daughter, the wife of King Solomon (I Reg. 9, 16 ff.; according to W. F. Albright this refers to Gerar and not to G.). Under Theglathpalasar III (745-727 B.C.) G. was conquered by the Assyrians. …
… expressions in the first person plural are critically erroneous, such as 5, 1, or suspect, or attribute individual parts to Joshua, etc.); the lower chronological limit is the age of David (cf. 15, 63 with II Sam. 5, 6-8, etc.; moreover 16, 10 with I Reg. 9, 16, of the age of Solomon); the author is unknown. …
9:17
… Being on one of the ancient roads that linked Jerusalem to the coast, the two cities had great strategic importance, which explains the care taken at all times to fortify them (I Kings 9:17; I Macc. 9:50). Near B. Joshua won the famous victory over the confederate Canaanite kings (Josh. 10:10). The two B. were identified by Clarke in 1801: the first, upper B. (Bejt …
9:18
… The first explanation is supported by the biblical case of I Reg. 9, 18, in which hēthlōh Tāmār corresponds to the qērē Tadhmār, but is hindered by the fact that there are no palms at P. (to this objection it is replied, however, that the linguistic …
4. Locality named in Ez. 47:19 (and to be restored also in v. 18) and 48:28 in the ideal description of the eastern borders of Palestine (moreover in the Hebrew of I Kings 9:18, kethibh), which is made to correspond to a region near Kadesh, in the present-day 'Arabah, probably to Assonthanar of Gen. 14:7, near the southern tip of the Dead Sea. Giovanni Rinaldi
9:19
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… At Megiddo, I Reg. 9, 19 (Solomon's stables) finds an imposing confirmation. …
9:20
… To the Phoenician craftsmen (I Kings 5:18) Solomon added a great number of local laborers (I Kings 5:6, 13 ff.; 9:20-21); as for the timber, H. had it cut and transported from the mountains to the sea and from there on rafts as far as Joppa, whence Solomon's workers had it continue on to Jerusalem. …
Araunah, from whom David bought the area for the building of the Temple, was a Jebusite (II Sam. 24:16, 18; II Chron. 3:1). Forced into construction work by Solomon (I Kings 9:20), the J. ended up being dispersed and assimilated by the Israelites. …
Nathinei (Hebr. Nēthānīm; Septuagint Nēthānīm, rarely Nēthānīm and Nēthānīm; Vulg. Nathinae)
… They are placed alongside, by similarity of function, the "servants of Solomon" (Ezra 2:58; Neh. 7:60), descendants of the Canaanites, subjected by that King to servile labor (1 Kings 9:20-21).
Perizei (Heb. Pērizai; Septuagint ΦΕΡΕΙ͂ΑΊΟΙ)
… There they were defeated by Joshua (Josh. 11:3; 17:15) and, later, by the tribe of Judah (Judg. 1:4-5). Nevertheless, even in the time of Solomon the P. are spoken of as tributaries of the kingdom (1 Kings 9:20-21; 2 Chron. 8:7-8); indeed, even in the time of Ezra and Nehemiah Perizzite women appear, illegally married by some Jews (Ezra 9:1; Neh. 9:8).
9:26
Asiongaber (Hebrew Ešjōn-Gēbher "Grove of Gēbher [Name of a Man?]")
… There the Israelites camped during the Exodus (Num. 33:35; Deut. 2:8). Solomon built a port and a commercial fleet there; a century later Jehoshaphat built a new fleet there destined for Ophir, but it was destroyed in the port of A. by a storm (I Kings 9:26 ff.; 22:48 f.; II Chron. 8:17; 9:21; 20:35-37). Already under Joram (849-842 B.C.) Edom, having revolted, deprived the kingdom of Judah (cf. II Kings 8:20-22; II Chron. 21:8-10) …
… Nevertheless a certain number of biblical facts has also been confirmed by the excavations: thus, for example, the excavations of Tell el-Heleifi (v. ASIONGABER) near the Gulf of 'Aqabah show Solomon's efforts to create a commercial port for himself (I Kings 9:26); the ivory objects found in Samaria confirm I Kings 22:39 and Am. 3:15; 6:4; the letters of Lachish (18 documents, largely fragments, written on potsherds) illustrate certain accounts …
EDOM (IDUMEA). - Name by which are called: 1) the adult Esau (Gen. 25, 30; 36, 19); 2) his descendants and their land (Ex. 15, 15; Num. 20, 14 ff.; Judg. 5, 4; 11, 17 f.; II Sam. 8, 14; I Kings 9, 26; 11, 14 ff.; II Kings 3, 8 f.; 8, 20-22, etc.). …
… In the time of King Solomon the place took on a special importance, because in its vicinity, that is at Ezion-geber "on the shore of the Red Sea, in the region of Edom" (I Kings 9:26; cf. II Chron. 8:17), a naval base was established for trade with Arabia, and perhaps even as far as
Red Sea (Gr. Ἡ Ἔρυθρά Θάλασσα; Heb. Jām Sūph)
… The Hebrew name jām sūph, "sea of seaweed" or "of reeds" (Ex. 10, 19; 13, 18; 15, 4), is of uncertain origin; but the identification is not in doubt, since its extremity is indicated (Ex. 23, 31; I Kings 9, 26; Jer. 49, 21) as the Elanitic Gulf, or Gulf of el-'Aqabah.
9:27
… of land in Galilee, where 20 inhabited centers stood (I Kings 9:10-14). When later Solomon wished to have a long-range fleet (the "ships of Tarshish"), H. again supplied him with sailors for the direction and instruction of the Israelite personnel (I Kings 9:27).
9:28
1 and 2 (3 and 4) Book of Kings
… Among the various cases of this kind let us note: I Reg. 5, 1 and 5, 4 (extension of Solomon's dominion); ibid. 5, 6-30 and 10, 23-36 (wealth and magnificence of Solomon; tributes paid to him); ibid. 9, 28 and 10, 11 (riches imported from Ophir); II Reg. 13, 12 ff.
OPHIR. - Region reached by Solomon's fleet (1 Kings 9:28; 10:22), which King Jehoshaphat attempted to renew (ibid. 22:49) — with its base at the port of Ezion-geber (v.) on the Gulf of Elath — to load various merchandise (ibid. 10:11) and …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · original Douay-Rheims (Douay 1609-10), transcription by EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Public domain.