The victorie against Og king of Basan of the giants stock is repeted, 12. Ruben Gad and halfe tribe of Manasses haue possession on the other side Iordan from their brethren. 23. Moyses praying that he may goe ouer Iordan, for the sinnes of the people is denied.
1Then we turned and went by the way of Basan: and Og the king of Basan came out to meet us with his people to fight in Edrai.Per la qual cosa volgendoci (in altra parte) salimmo per la strada, che va a Basan: e Og re di Basan ci si fe' incontro con tutta la sua gente per venire a battaglia in Edrai.THERFORE turning we went vp by the way of Basan: and Og the king of Basan came forth to meete vs with his people to fight in Edrai.Itaque conversi ascendimus per iter Basan: egressusque est Og rex Basan in occursum nobis cum populo suo ad bellandum in Edrai. 2And the Lord said to me: Fear him not: because he is delivered into thy hand, with all his people and his land: and thou shalt do to him as thou hast done to Sehon king of the Amorrhites, that dwelt in Hesebon.E il Signore disse a me: Nol temere: perocché egli è stato dato in tuo potere con tutta la sua gente, e colla sua terra: e farai a lui quel che facesti a Sehon re degli Amorrhei, che abitava in Hesebon.And our Lord said to me: Feare him not: because he is deliuered into thy hand with al his people and his land: and thou shalt doe to him as thou hast done to Sehon king of the Amorrheites, that dwelt in Hesebon.Dixitque Dominus ad me: Ne timeas eum: quia in manu tua traditus est cum omni populo ac terra sua: faciesque ei sicut fecisti Sehon regi Amorrhæorum, qui habitavit in Hesebon. 3So the Lord our God delivered into our hands, Og also, the king of Basan, and all his people: and we utterly destroyed them,Diede adunque il Signore Dio nostro in nostro potere anche Og re di Basan, e tutto il suo popolo: e noi gli uccidemmo dal primo all'ultimo,Therfore the Lord our God deliuered into our handes Og also the king of Basan, and al his people: and we stroke them to vtter destruction,Tradidit ergo Dominus Deus noster in manibus nostris etiam Og regem Basan, et universum populum ejus: percussimusque eos usque ad internecionem, 4Wasting all his cities at one time, there was not a town that escaped us: sixty cities, all the country of Argob the kingdom of Og in Basan.Devastando a un tempo tutte le sue città: non vi fu città che da noi si salvasse: prendemmo sessanta città, e tutto il paese di Argob regno di Og, signore di Basan.waisting al his cities at one time. there was not a towne that escaped vs: sixtie cities, al the countrie of Argob the kingdome of Og in Basan.vastantes cunctas civitates illius uno tempore. Non fuit oppidum, quod nos effugeret: sexaginta urbes, omnem regionem Argob regni Og in Basan. 5All the cities were fenced with very high walls, and with gates and bars, besides innumerable towns that had no walls.Tutte le città eran difese da mura altissime con porte, e contrafforti, oltre gli innumerabili castelli, che eran senza muraglie.Al the cities were fensed with verie high walles, and with gates and barres, beside innumerable townes that had no walles.Cunctæ urbes erant munitæ muris altissimis, portisque et vectibus, absque oppidis innumeris, quæ non habebant muros.
6And we utterly destroyed them, as we had done to Sehon the king of Hesebon, destroying every city, men and women and children:E sterminammo quella gente, come avevamo fatto di Sehon re di Hesebon, sterminando in ogni città uomini e donne e fanciulli,And we destroyed them, as we had done to Sehon the king of Hesebon, destroying euerie citie, and men and wemen and children:Et delevimus eos, sicut feceramus Sehon regi Hesebon, disperdentes omnem civitatem, virosque ac mulieres et parvulos: 7But the cattle and the spoils of the cities we took for our prey.E menando via i bestiami, e le spoglie delle città.but the cattel, and the spoyles of the cities we tooke for our praye.jumenta autem et spolia urbium diripuimus. 8And we took at that time the land out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorrhites, that were beyond the Jordan: from the torrent Arnon unto the mount Hermon,E occupammo allora la terra posseduta da' due re Amorrhei, che erano di qua dal Giordano, dal torrente Arnon sino al monte Hermon,And we tooke at that time the land out of the hand of two kinges of the Amorrheites, that were beyond Iordan: from the torrent Arnon vnto the mountaine Hermon,Tulimusque illo in tempore terram de manu duorum regum Amorrhæorum, qui erant trans Jordanem: a torrente Arnon usque ad montem Hernon, 9Which the Sidonians call Sarion, and the Amorrhites Sanir:A cui i Sidoni danno il nome di Sarion, e gli Amorrhei di Sanir:which the Sidonians cal Sarion, and the Amorrheites Sanir:quem Sidonii Sarion vocant, et Amorrhæi Sanir: 10All the cities that are situate in the plain, and all the land of Galaad and Basan as far as Selcha and Edrai, cities of the kingdom of Og in Basan.E prendemmo tutte le città poste in pianura, e tutta la terra di Galaad, e di Basan fino a Selcha, ed Edrai, città del regno di Og in Basan.al the cities, that are situated in the plaine, and al the Land of Galaad and Basan as farre as Selcha, and Edrai cities of the kingdome of Og in Basan.omnes civitates, quæ sitæ sunt in planitie, et universam terram Galaad et Basan usque ad Selcha, et Edrai civitates regni Og in Basan. 11For only Og king of Basan remained of the race of the giants. His bed of iron is shewn, which is in Rabbath of the children of Ammon, being nine cubits long, and four broad after the measure of the cubit of a man’s hand.Perocché Og re di Basan era rimaso egli il solo della stirpe de' giganti. Si mostra il suo letto di ferro, che è in Rabbath città de' figliuoli di Ammon, che ha nove cubiti di lunghezza, e quattro di larghezza, secondo la misura del cubito ordinario di un uomo.For onlie Og the king of Basan remayned of the stocke of giantes. his bed of yron is shewed, which is in Rabbath of the children of Ammon, hauing nine cubites in length, and foure in breadth after the measure of the cubite of a mans hand.Solus quippe Og rex Basan restiterat de stirpe gigantum. Monstratur lectus ejus ferreus, qui est in Rabbath filiorum Ammon, novem cubitos habens longitudinis, et quatuor latitudinis ad mensuram cubiti virilis manus.
12And we possessed the land at that time from Aroer, which is upon the bank of the torrent Arnon, unto the half of mount Galaad: and I gave the cities thereof to Ruben and Gad.E noi allora occupammo la terra da Aroer, che è sulla ripa del torrente Arnon, sino al mezzo della montagna di Galaad: e ne diedi le città a Ruben, e a Gad.And we possessed the Land at that time from Aroer, which is vpon the banke of the torrent Arnon, vnto the halfe part of mount Galaad: and the cities therof I gaue to Ruben and Gad.Terramque possedimus tempore illo ab Aroër, quæ est super ripam torrentis Arnon, usque ad mediam partem montis Galaad: et civitates illius dedi Ruben et Gad. 13And I delivered the other part of Galaad, and all Basan the kingdom of Og to the half tribe of Manasses, all the country of Argob: and all Basan is called the Land of giants.E il rimanente del paese di Galaad, e tutto quello di Basan del regno di Og, lo assegnai a mezza la tribù di Manasse, con tutta la regione di Argob: tutto il Basan è chiamato Terra dei Giganti.And the other part of Galaad, and al Basan of the kingdome of Og, I deliuered to the halfe tribe of Manasses, al the countrie of Argob: and al Basan is called the Land of giantes.Reliquam autem partem Galaad, et omnem Basan regni Og, tradidi mediæ tribui Manasse, omnem regionem Argob: cunctaque Basan vocatur Terra gigantum. 14Jair the son of Manasses possessed all the country of Argob unto the borders of Gessuri, and Machati. And he called Basan by his own name, Havoth Jair, that is to say, the towns of Jair, until this present day.Jair figliuolo di Manasse entrò in possesso di tutto il paese di Argob sino ai confini di Gessuri e di Machati. E i villaggi di Basan chiamò col suo nome Havoth-Jair, cioè Villaggi di Jair, fino al dì d'oggi.Iair the sonne of Manasses possessed al the countrie of Argob vnto the borders of Gessuri, and Machati. And he called Basan by his owne name, Hauoth Iair, that is to say, the townes of Iair, vntil this present dayJair filius Manasse possedit omnem regionem Argob usque ad terminos Gessuri et Machati. Vocavitque ex nomine suo Basan, Havoth Jair, id est, Villas Jair, usque in præsentem diem. 15To Machir also I gave Galaad.Parimente a Machir io diedi Galaad.To Machir also I gaue Galaad.Machir quoque dedi Galaad. 16And to the tribes of Ruben and Gad I gave of the land of Galaad as far as the torrent Arnon, half the torrent, and the confines even unto the torrent Jeboc, which is the border of the children of Ammon:E alle tribù di Ruben e di Gad diedi del paese di Galaad sino al torrente Arnon la metà del torrente, e il terreno adiacente sino al torrente Jaboc, che confina coi figliuoli di Ammon:And to the tribes of Ruben and Gad I gaue of the Land of Galaad as farre as the Torrent Arnon, halfe of the torrent, and the confines vnto the torrent Ieboc, which is the border of the childrē of Ammon:Et tribubus Ruben et Gad dedi de terra Galaad usque ad torrentem Arnon medium torrentis, et confinium usque ad torrentem Jeboc, qui est terminus filiorum Ammon:
17And the plain of the wilderness, and the Jordan, and the borders of Cenereth unto the sea of the desert, which is the most salt sea, to the foot of mount Phasga eastward.E la pianura del deserto intorno al Giordano, e il terreno, che confina con Cenereth sino al mar del deserto, che è grandemente salato, e sino alle falde del monte Phasga verso l'oriente.and the plaine of the wildernesse, and Iordan, and the borders of Cenereth vnto the sea of the desert, which is most salt, at the foote of mount Phasga against the east.et planitiem solitudinis, atque Jordanem, et terminos Cenereth usque ad mare deserti, quod est salsissimum, ad radices montis Phasga contra orientem. 18And I commanded you at that time, saying: The Lord your God giveth you this land for an inheritance, go ye well appointed before your brethren the children of Israel, all the strong men of you.E io allora ordinai, e dissi loro: Il Signore Dio vostro dà a voi questa terra in eredità: voi tutti uomini robusti andate armati innanzi a' vostri fratelli figliuoli d'Israele,And I commāded you at that time, saying: The Lord your God geueth you this land for an inheritance, goe wel appointed before your brethren the children of Israel al you strong men:Præcepique vobis in tempore illo, dicens: Dominus Deus vester dat vobis terram hanc in hæreditatem: expediti præcedite fratres vestros filios Israël omnes viri robusti, 19Leaving your wives and children and cattle. For I know you have much cattle, and they must remain in the cities, which I have delivered to you.Senza le mogli, e i fanciulli, e i bestiami. Perocché io so, che avete molti greggi, e questi dovran rimanere nelle città, che io vi ho date,except your wiues, and litle ones and your cattel. For I know you haue much cattel, & they must remaine in the cities, which I haue deliuered you,absque uxoribus, et parvulis, atque jumentis. Novi enim quod plura habeatis pecora, et in urbibus remanere debebunt, quas tradidi vobis, 20Until the Lord give rest to your brethren, as he hath given to you: and they also possess the land, which he will give them beyond the Jordan: then shall every man return to his possession, which I have given you.Sino a tanto che il Signore dia riposo a' vostri fratelli, come lo ho dato a voi, ed eglino pure sien padroni della terra, che egli ad essi darà oltre il Giordano: allora ognuno di voi tornerà nelle sue possessioni, che io vi ho date.vntil our Lord geue rest to your brethren, as he hath geuen to you: and they also possesse the Land, which he wil geue them beyond Iordan: then shal euerie man returne to his possession, which I haue geuen you.donec requiem tribuat Dominus fratribus vestris, sicut vobis tribuit: et possideant ipsi etiam terram, quam daturus est eis trans Jordanem: tunc revertetur unusquisque in possessionem suam, quam dedi vobis.
21I commanded Josue also at that time, saying: Thy eyes have seen what the Lord your God hath done to these two kings: so will he do to all the kingdoms to which thou shalt pass.E allora eziandio avvertii Giosuè, dicendogli: Gli occhi tuoi han veduto quel che ha fatto il Signore Dio vostro a que' due regi; lo stesso farà egli a tutti i reami, ne' quali tu entrerai.Iosue also at that time I commanded, saying: Thyne eyes haue seene what the Lord your God hath done to these two kinges: so wil he doe to al the kingdomes, to the which thou shalt passe.Josue quoque in tempore illo præcepi, dicens: Oculi tui viderunt quæ fecit Dominus Deus vester duobus his regibus: sic faciet omnibus regnis, ad quæ transiturus es. 22Fear them not: for the Lord your God will fight for you.Non li temere: perocché il Signore Dio vostro combatterà per voi.Feare them not: for the Lord your God wil fight for you.Ne timeas eos: Dominus enim Deus vester pugnabit pro vobis. 23And I besought the Lord at that time, saying:E io pregai allora il Signore, e dissi:And I prayed our Lord at that time, saying:Precatusque sum Dominum in tempore illo, dicens: 24Lord God, thou hast begun to shew unto thy servant thy greatness, and most mighty hand, for there is no other God either in heaven or earth, that is able to do thy works, or to be compared to thy strength.Signore Dio, tu hai principiato a far conoscere al tuo servo la tua grandezza, e la possanza della tua mano: conciossiaché non vi ha altro Dio, o in cielo, o in terra, che possa fare quel che fai tu, e paragonarsi a te in fortezza.Lord God thou hast begonne to shew vnto thy seruant thy greatnes, and most mightie hand. for neither is there other God either in heauen, or in earth, that is able to doe thy workes, and to be compared to thy strength.Domine Deus, tu cœpisti ostendere servo tuo magnitudinem tuam, manumque fortissimam: neque enim est alius deus vel in cælo, vel in terra, qui possit facere opera tua, et comparari fortitudini tuæ. 25I will pass over therefore, and will see this excellent land beyond the Jordan, and this goodly mountain, and Libanus.Io adunque passerò a vedere quella terra sì buona di là dal Giordano, e quel monte egregio, e il Libano.I wil passe ouer therfore, and wil see this excellent Land beyond Iordan, and this goodlie mountaine, and Libanus.Transibo igitur, et videbo terram hanc optimam trans Jordanem, et montem istum egregium, et Libanum. 26And the Lord was angry with me on your account and heard me not, but said to me: It is enough: speak no more to me of this matter.E il Signore si adirò meco a causa di voi, e non mi esaudì, e mi disse: Ti basti questo; non parlarmi mai più di tal cosa.And our Lord was angrie with me for you, and heard me not, but said to me: It sufficeth thee: speake no more to me of this matter.Iratusque est Dominus mihi propter vos, nec exaudivit me, sed dixit mihi: Sufficit tibi: nequaquam ultra loquaris de hac re ad me.
27Go up to the top of Phasga, and cast thy eyes round about to the west, and to the north, and to the south, and to the east, and behold it, for thou shalt not pass this Jordan.Monta sulla vetta del Phasga, e gira l'occhio ad occidente, e a settentrione, a mezzodì, e ad oriente, e osserva: perocché tu non passerai quel Giordano.Goe vp to the toppe of Phasga, and cast thine cies round about to the west, and to the north, and the south, and the east, and behold it. for thou shalt not passe this Iordan.Ascende cacumen Phasgæ, et oculos tuos circumfer ad occidentem, et ad aquilonem, austrumque et orientem, et aspice; nec enim transibis Jordanem istum. 28Command Josue, and encourage and strengthen him: for he shall go before this people, and shall divide unto them the land which thou shalt see.Da' i tuoi documenti a Giosuè, e fortificalo, e ispira a lui coraggio: perocché egli andrà innanzi a questo popolo, e gli distribuirà la terra, cui tu vedrai.Command Iosue, and encourage and strenghen him: for he shal goe before this people, and shal diuide vnto them the Land, which thou shalt see.Præcipe Josue, et corrobora eum atque conforta: quia ipse præcedet populum istum, et dividet eis terram quam visurus es. 29And we abode in the valley over against the temple of Phogor.E noi ci fermammo nella valle dirimpetto al tempio di Phogor.And we abode in the valley against the temple of Phogor.Mansimusque in valle contra fanum Phogor.
3:1
Year of the World 2553.
3:4
Country. Hebrew, "the line" with which lands were measured, chap. 32:9.
Argob may signify rich and fertile; "all that fertile region, the kingdom of Og." Vatable thinks that Basan, Argob, and Trachonitis, denote the same country. But Cellarius observes, that the last mentioned country was ill cultivated and very poor, the inhabitants living mostly in the caverns of rocks, whereas Argob or Basan was adorned with 60 cities.
3:5
Calmet
Walls. Tacitus remarks, that "a great part of Judea is covered with villages, though towns may likewise be found in the country. (Hist. 5:8.) See 3 Kings 4:13. Septuagint, "besides the towns of the Pherezites, which were very numerous." (Calmet)
Haydock
The spies had not travelled in this county, when they gave an account of the walled towns being as high as heaven. But Moses here informs us, that the cities on the east side of the Jordan were not much inferior to those on the west, and the land was infested also with giants, ver. 13. (Haydock)
3:6
Haydock
Utterly. Yet out of the ruins they soon raised other strong cities, Numbers 32:26. All the walls were not probably demolished, (ver. 19,) but only a part, so that they might be repaired with no great labour or expense. The inhabitants were all destroyed, that they might not pervert the Hebrews by their bad example; and because God had pronounced the sentence of death upon them, in punishment of their crimes. Hebrew seems to insinuate, that the cities were destroyed only by the death of the inhabitants. "We subjected them to anathema....utterly destroying the men," etc. (Haydock)
Calmet
We devoted to utter ruin the men, women, and children of the cities which we took. (Calmet)
3:8
Haydock
Beyond. East of the promised land of Chanaan, which the sacred writers have generally in view. (Haydock)
Calmet
Hebrew heber, means, "alongside, opposite to, at the passage, on this side," etc. See chap. 1:1., and 3 Kings 4:24. (Calmet)
Haydock
There is no need, therefore, to suppose that this and similar passages have been inserted by a later writer. (Haydock)
Haydock
Hermon, which profane authors commonly call Antilibanus, (Calmet) was a part of the range of the mountains of Galaad, by which name it goes frequently, though it be also denominated Seon, or Sion, (chap. 4:48.; Menochius) and the different nations had other names for it, ver. 9. (Haydock)
It does not appear that Moses went much beyond the torrent of Jeboc. But he knew that the territory, as far as Hermon and Emath, belonged to the Hebrews, and he probably, sent some troops to take possession of it. They did not, however, entirely banish the Hevites, that dwelt from Baal-Hermon to the entering into Emath. These and some other nations were left by God to instruct Israel, Judges 3:3.
3:10
Calmet
Plain. Hebrew Mishor, which the Septuagint leave untranslated. It has perhaps the same meaning as Argob, ver. 4. (Calmet)
3:11
Tirinus
Giants. Hebrew, "Raphaim." Og was the only survivor of this family, in Basan, though there were other giants dispersed throughout the land, 1 Paralipomenon 20:6. (Tirinus)
Calmet
Some of the stock of Rapha, were also seen afterwards at Geth, but they did not reign in the country of their fathers, as Og alone did at this time, Josue 15:14., and 17:15. Hebrew may be, "Now Og, king of Basan, was a remnant of the Raphaim." (Calmet)
Septuagint, "for, moreover, Og....was left of the Raphaim." His bed was 13.5 feet long, and 6.5 broad, taking the cubit at 18 inches, with Arbuthnot; though Calmet allows 20.5 French inches, which are greater than ours. As beds are commonly made larger than the person who lies in them, he concludes that Og might be 14 or 15 feet high, unless he was possessed with the same vanity as Alexander the Great, who caused beds five cubits long to be left in his camp, when he returned from his Indian expedition, in order that the people might think that his soldiers were of a gigantic stature. Allowances must here be made for a royal bed; and, at any rate, it will not easily be proved that a human body might not exceed 12 or 15 feet in height, without injuring the just proportions, as Thomas Paine would have us to believe. We know that the difference in size between the inhabitants of Shetland and of Patagonia is still very great; and the people of the former island would act very irrationally, if they would not credit the existence of the Lincolnshire ox, or of the large dray horses in London, because their own oxen are not bigger than mastiffs. See Watson, p. 26.
Thucydides
Iron. Bedsteads are frequently made of iron, brass, silver, or gold, in hot countries, for the sake of cleanliness and grandeur, Proverbs 25:11., Esther 1:6. The Parthian kings reserved to themselves the privilege of lying on golden beds. (Josephus, [Antiquities?] 20:20.) The Thebans made beds of iron and brass out of the spoils of Platea, and consecrated them to Juno. (Thucydides, iii.)
Calmet
Ammon. Hebrew, "Behold his bedstead was of iron; is it not in Rabbath?" etc. This town is called Rabbatamana, by Polybius; and Ammana, by Eusebius, who says it had afterwards the name of Astarte, till Ptolemy Philadelphus gave it the title of Philadelphia. It lay to the east of Jazer, not far from the Arnon. (Cellarius, 3:14.) It is probable that the bed of Og continued in this city, till it was taken by David, 2 Kings 22:30. How the Ammonites got possession of it, we do not know. It seems that the account of it, and of Jair, (ver. 15,) have been given by some one who lived a long time after these events had taken place. (Calmet)
Haydock
This conjecture, however, is not well founded, for though Moses was addressing those who had been witnesses to these transactions not many months before, his appeal to them gives the strongest authority to a narration, which was to be handed down to the latest posterity. They could attest the surprising stature of that giant, whom they had slain, and their neighbours kept his bed as a proof of his having existed, the terror of all that country. Until this present day, (ver. 14,) is an expression often used in Scripture, to denote an event which had taken place at no very great distance of time, chap. 11:4. Thus St. Matthew, (xxvii. 8,) writing about eight years after the ascension of our Saviour, says, the field was called Haceldama....even to this day. See Josue 8:29. (Haydock)
Menochius
It is sufficient if the thing be still in the same state as it was before. (Menochius)
Calmet
Hand. Hebrew, "according to the cubit of a man," from the elbow to the finger ends. (Calmet)
Haydock
Syriac, "of giants." Chaldean, "of the king;" whence some have imagined, that the bed was nine times as long as the cubit of Og, which is very improbable. (Haydock)
Lyranus
The Rabbins, who delight in fables, say that this bed was used by Og only while he was in his infancy: for he grew to be 120 cubits high; and some say his foot alone was this length. He would have hurled a mountain to overwhelm all the Hebrews at once, only a bird, or some ants, made a hole in it, and the mountain falling upon his shoulders, he could not extricate his head, God causing his teeth to grow ten cubits, and in this condition he was taken and killed by Moses. (Lyranus, etc.)
Calmet
Noble discovery of these blind guides! (Calmet)
Haydock
The poets have not been more extravagant in their descriptions of Typheus, or Typho, whose name signifies burning, as well as that of Og, (or hog, he burnt) with whom he has probably been confounded. (Vossius on Idolat.) (Haydock)
3:12
Calmet
Galaad. Moses comprises under this name, all the conquered country. (Calmet)
3:14
Jair. Some have supposed that this was one of the judges of Israel, but without foundation. He was a son or descendant of Manasses, Numbers 32:41., and Judges 10:4.
Calmet
And Machati. These were the most southern towns of this half tribe. (Calmet)
Worthington
Day. If Esdras added these words, he did it not against the law, but to explain it. (Worthington)
3:15
Menochius
Machir's posterity was settled in the same part of Galaad. (Menochius)
3:16
Torrent. The other part belonged to the Moabites, (Calmet) on the south and east.
Haydock
Ammon. See chap. 2:37. The two tribes of Gad and Ruben, occupied the territory lying between the Jeboc and the Arnon, hemmed in by the mountains of Galaad, on the east, and by the Jordan and the most salt sea, and that of Cenereth, on the west. Gad occupied the northern division of this country. (Haydock)
3:17
Calmet
Foot. Hebrew and Septuagint Ashdoth-pisga. Eusebius seems to have taken these for two different towns. The former was situated near Phasga, Josue 12:3. This mount was the eastern boundary of Ruben. The plain here mentioned was that where Moses was speaking. (Calmet)
3:20
Menochius
Rest. Abulensis says, this took place only 14 years after. (Menochius)
3:25
Calmet
I will. Moses flattered himself, that God's refusal to let him cross the Jordan, was only conditional; and therefore he begs, with all humility, for leave to enter Chanaan, at the head of the people. But, though God had pardoned his fault, he would not deprive Josue of the honour, which to fulfil the mystery, was reserved for him, Numbers 20:12., and 26:64. (Calmet)
Du Hamel
Moses might very lawfully desire to behold a place, consecrated by the abode of the Patriarchs, and to be honoured still more by the presence of the Messias, a happiness for which he had been labouring now forty years. (Du Hamel)
Haydock
And Libanus. Whether this and be an explanation of what mountain he meant, (Tirinus) is a matter of doubt. He unquestionably desired to see, and to put his people in possession of all the country designed for their inheritance, in which various fruitful mountains appeared. That of Bethel was very high, and most delightful where Abraham and Jacob had dwelt. Moria and Sion, the future seat of the temple, might also attract his notice, and the mountains of Judea, as well as all the other lofty hills, which diversify the country from Idumea to Libanus. (Haydock)
Calmet
Egypt was a flat country. New and grander prospects now open to his view. Libanus is styled Antilibanus by the Septuatint, and by profane authors, as it lies, in effect, to the land of the Hebrews. Behind it Coelostria extends, as far as Libanus. This mountain comprises four different hills, rising one above another, and taking in a circuit of 300 miles. The first of these hills, Antilibanus, is remarkable for its fertility in corn; the second has abundance of fine springs: but the third resembles an earthly paradise, being constantly adorned with fruits and flowers. Cedars grow chiefly upon the fourth, amidst the snows which lie there perpetually, notwithstanding the burning heats of the adjacent countries. Lebanon signifies both "whiteness and incense," for which it is very renowned. (Calmet)
Haydock
De la Roque thinks that it is higher than the Alps or Pyrenees. It stands in the form of a horse-shoe, extending from above Smyrna to Sidon, and thence towards Damascus, (Buffon) unless this be a part of Antilibanus, which runs north, from Damascus, in a parallel direction to Libanus, and includes the hollow Syria. (Haydock)
3:26
Haydock
Your account. Moses cannot help reminding the people, that they were the occasion of his giving way to diffidence, and thus incurring a most sensible chastisement from the hands of God. Their conduct had provoked him so, that he gave some outward signs of the trouble with which his mind was so much disturbed, chap. 20:12. Yet God admits of no excuse, particularly in the sins of those who act in his name, and who, of course, ought to guard against the smallest deviation from virtue. Be ye holy and perfect, is addressed to such in a particular manner. (Haydock)
3:27
Haydock
East. It seems, if Phasga was the eastern boundary of Ruben, (ver. 17,) there was no occasion for Moses to cast his eyes that way. He is ordered to take a full view of the countries allotted by God to the Hebrews; and if we consider that the territory, as far as the Euphrates, was promised to them, if they would continue to be faithful, and that it was made tributary, under Solomon, we need not wonder if Moses should be pleased to behold it, Deuteronomy 1:7. (Haydock)
3:29
Calmet
Phogor. Hebrew Beth pehor, "the house, temple, or city of Phogor," where that idol was the object of adoration. The city was probably at the foot of Mount Phasga, and fell to the share of Ruben, Josue 13:20. (Calmet)
Haydock
The Hebrews dwelt in the valley when Moses made the aforesaid supplication to God, and was ordered to desist; and, after taking a view of the promised land, to give the necessary injunctions to his successor, ver. 23. (Haydock)
Calmet
Perhaps this might take place before the defeat of the two kings. (Calmet)
3:11
Longer sorte of cubites are a foote and 9, inches: so this bed was 15. foote and nine inches long, and 7. foote brode. Vitruuius Agricola.
3:14
Esdras adding these wordes, and often times the like, did not against the law, because such additions are agreable and not contrarie to that which was written before.
3:26
Concordanza See Num. 〈◊〉. •. 12.
3:26
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles 44
… 26 .) This was fit and proper for Paul to say, but we dare not say it, conscious as we are of numberless faults. Wherefore for him the ever vigilant, ever at hand, the man enduring all things for the sake of the salvation of his disciples, it was fit and proper to say this: but we must say that of Moses, “The Lord was wroth with me for your sakes” (
san Giovanni Crisostomo † 407 d.C. The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the Romans 14
… For he desired in his prayers unceasingly to see Rome. Yet the time when he obtained it was not at once when he desired it. And for “the thorn” that was given him “in the flesh” ( 2 Cor. xii. 8 ), that is the dangers, he often besought God, and was entirely unsuccessful. And so was Moses, who in the Old Testament prays to see Palestine (
3:8
Vers. 8 et 9. Tulimusque terram, etc., a torrente Arnon usque ad montem Hermon, quem Sidonii Sarion vocant, et Amorrhaei Sanir. — Mons ergo Hermon vocatur Sarion et Sanir; vocatur et Sion, vel Seon, ut patet cap. IV, vers. 48. R. Salomon putat Sanir, vel Senir, esse nomen Germanicum, aeque ac Chananeum, significans nivem, qua coopertus est semper mons Hermon. Idem censet R. Nehemannus, et ex eo Masius, Josue XII, 5; quin et Chaldaeus Sanir interpretatur nivosum. Addit Masius hunc montem esse contiguum Libano, ejusque quasi partem spectantem ad Orientem, quae ob nivem rigida est, vasta et inculta, indeque dictam esse Hermon, vel Chermon. Cherem enim, vel herem, significat rem perditam, corruptam, succisam, vastatam, quae nulli est usui vel fructui.
3:11
Vers. 11. SOLUS QUIPPE OG, REX BASAN, RESTITERAT DE STIRPE GIGANTUM, — intellige in regione illa: nam alibi adhuc exstitisse gigantes patet Numer. XIII, 34, Josue XV, 14, et I Paral. XX, 6; ibi ergo ex gigantibus remanserat sola stirps Og: nam alii percussi et deleti sunt a Codorlahomor, Gen. XIV, 5. Fabulantur Judaei Og fuisse reliquum ex diluvio, et ex gigantibus, qui ante diluvium fuerunt, Gen. VI, 4, itaque Og octingentos et plures vixisset annos; qua de re dixi Gen. VII, in fine. MONSTRATUR LECTUS EJUS FERREUS IN RABBATH (haec postea dicta est Philadelphia, teste S. Hieronymo in Locis Hebraicis), NOVEM CUBITOS HABENS LONGITUDINIS, ET QUATUOR LATITUDINIS. — Talmudici tradunt hunc lectum fuisse cunas Og, cum esset parvulus: nam cum crevit in virum, aiunt, solum pedem ejus fuisse 120 cubitorum, non communium, sed giganteorum, qualis erat Og; ac consequenter tam ipse, quam lectus ejus, facile leucam integram occupassent, inquit Abulensis; de qua fabella plura dixi Num. XXI, 35. Physice, vasta ista corpora saepe parum habent mentis. Vulgo dicitur illud Sophoclis, ἄνους ὁ μακρός, amens longus, dictitant enim praelongis mentem deesse, pusillis adesse animum: parvi enim sunt animosi. De valde procero dicitur: « Longurio est, et caliga Maximini, » id est, praelongus est et insulsus. Hinc et Vegetius, lib. I, cap. V: « In bello, inquit, non tam staturae militis rationem habere convenit, quam virium. » Celebratur illud Athenaei: « Nullus malus magnus piscis; » diciturque de iis qui praegrandi sunt corpore, caeterum ingenio nullo. Virtus animae unita fortior est in parvo, quam divisa in magno. Symbolice, Abulensis hic, Quaest. III: « Og, ait, hebraice idem est quod coacervans, et signat peccatorem, qui peccata peccatis superaddit, donec veniat in profundum malorum. Peccatum enim, cui per paenitentiam remedium non adhibetur, mox sibi nequiores socios aggregat, ut fiat habitatio omnis spiritus immundi, maxime luxuriae; in quo cum quis novem cubitos longitudinis, et quatuor latitudinis habuerit, tanquam in lecto requiescit immobilis. Primus ergo cubitus, vel gradus, est in cibis exquisitis. Secundus, in dulcibus et continuis poculis, quia venter mero aestuans despumat in libidinem, ut ait S. Hieronymus. Tertius est in spectaculis. Nam, ut ait Poeta: Spectatum veniunt; veniunt spectentur ut ipsae. Iste locus casti damna pudoris habet. Et Jerem. cap. IX: Intravit mors per fenestras nostras; et: Oculus meus depraedatus est animam meam. Quartus est in cantilenis lascivis. Quintus est in aromatibus, quae venerem provocant. Sextus est in donis et munusculis. Septimus, in mollibus lectis. Octavus, in temporali sociorum laetitia. Nonus, in turpi usu feminarum. Habet quoque iste impudicorum lectus quatuor latitudinis cubitos. Primus est turpis cogitatio. Secundus, perficiendi consensus. Tertius, consequens operatio. Quartus, diuturna assuefactio, quae tandem facit hunc lectum ferreum, ut a nulla bona monitione, vel inspiratione superari possit. » Hucusque Abulensis. CUBITI VIRILIS MANUS. — Hebraice, secundum cubitum viri.
3:12
Vers. 12. MACHIR (id est, posteris Machir) QUOQUE DEDI GALAAD, — id est, partem Galaad. Nam Rubenitae etiam et Gadditae ejus partem habebant, ut sequitur.
3:14
Vers. 14. JAIR, FILIUS MANASSE, POSSEDIT OMNEM REGIONEM ARGOB. — « Filius, » id est nepos. Vide Num. XXXII, 41. Hebraei enim omnes posteros vocant filios. Sic Judaei vocantur filii Israel. Sic Elisabeth vocatur filia Aaronis, Lucae I, 5. Asa et Ezechias vocantur filii Davidis, III Reg. XV, 11, et IV Reg. XVIII, 3. Usque in praesentem diem. — Abulensis vult haec verba addita esse, non a Mose, sed ab Esdra, qui Dei instinctu libros legis a Chaldaeis combustos restauravit, et de novo conscripsit; aeque ac illud, vers. 4: « Monstratur lectus ejus, » etc., eo quod paulo ante mortem Mosis haec contigerint. Verum non est necesse hoc dicere: nam tres et plures menses ab hisce gestis usque ad mortem Mosis fluxerunt. Adde, si haec addita sunt ab alio quopiam, non ab Esdra, sed ab eo qui diaria haec Mosis paulo post digessit, esse addita. Denique, non est verisimile Esdram Pentateuchum totaque Biblia ex memoria, vel Dei instinctu, restaurasse: nec enim Chaldaei exemplaria omnia, quae per totam Judaeam aliasque gentes sparsa erant, comburere potuerunt. De qua re alibi fusius dicetur.
3:17
Vers. 17. TERMINOS CENERETH. — « Cenereth » est Genezareth, sive mare Galilaeae, vel Tiberiadis, uti dixi Num. XXXIV, 12. Usque ad mare deserti, — usque ad mare Mortuum, sive lacum Asphaltitem, Num. cap. XXXIV, vers. 3 et 12.
3:18
Vers. 18. Praecedite fratres vestros, — armati in Chanaan.
3:20
Vers. 20. DONEC REQUIEM TRIBUAT DOMINUS FRATRIBUS VESTRIS, — donec scilicet debelletis Chananaeos, trans Jordanem habitantes, quod factum est per septem annos, post mortem Mosis, sub Josue: deinde ab eodem, per alios septem annos, inter tribus divisa est terra, ab eisque pacifice possessa: ergo post quatuordecim annos Rubenitae et Gadditae redierunt ad sua, scilicet ex Chanaan in Galaad. Ita Abulensis.
3:24
Vers. 24. Domine Deus, tu coepisti ostendere servo tuo magnitudinem tuam. — Notat Abulensis, si quis ab avaro aliquid petat, ut ei persuadeat, dicat hoc et plura sibi deberi: sin autem a liberali et magnifico (qualis est Deus) petat, ut ei persuadeat, non debita, sed beneficia ejus alleget. Magnanimus enim libenter audit se dedisse, et non accepisse beneficium.
3:25
Vers. 25. TRANSIBO IGITUR, ET VIDEBO TERRAM HANC OPTIMAM TRANS JORDANEM. — Quasi dicat: Transcam, quaeso, et videam terram, pro qua 40 annis laboravi; sunt enim verba orantis. Patet ex Hebraeo. Sic Hebraei saepe sumunt futurum pro optativo quo carent. ET MONTEM ISTUM EGREGIUM. — « Montem, » scilicet Moria, in quo Abraham obtulit Isaac, et in quo aedificanda est Sion et templum, qui proinde appellatus est mons divinae visionis, ideoque egregius, et hebraice bonus per excellentiam vocatur. Ita Cajetanus. Chaldaeus vertit, videam montem istum bonum, et domum sanctuarii.
3:29
Vers. 29. MANSIMUSQUE IN VALLE CONTRA FANUM PHOGOR. — Hebraice, contra domum, id est, templum Phogor.
3:2
… Avendo il Re negato il passaggio agli Ebrei, questi decisero di aprirsi la via con le armi: in poche azioni S. rimase sopraffatto, fu ucciso, e i suoi territori rimasero conquista israelitica (Num. 21, 21 sgg.; 32, 33; Deut. 1, 4; 2, 24 sgg.; 3, 2-6; 4, 46; 29, 7; 31, 4; cf. Ios. 2, 10 ecc.).
3:4
2. Regione del Basan, appartenente al regno di Og (Deut. 3, 4-5, 13). Conquistata dagli Israeliti, toccò in eredità a Jair della tribù di Manasse (Deut. 3, 14), che occupò i paesi che da lui presero nome Ḥawwōth Jā'ir, ancora menzionati al tempo …
3:5
FEREZEI (EBR. PĒRIZAI; SETTANTA ΦΕΡΕΙ͂ΑΊΟΙ)
Dal probabile significato del nome pērizai, abitante di un luogo indifeso (cf. Deut. 3, 5; Esth. 9, 19), si è pensato che i suoi membri fossero sparsi nelle campagne e nei villaggi come agricoltori, mentre i Cananei predominavano nei luoghi fortificati. …
3:8
… probabilmente nel 4° millennio, quello più recente (gli «Amorriti», v.) ca. l'anno 2000. Talvolta però il Vecchio Testamento distingue fra Cananei e Amorriti, chiamando Amorriti non soltanto gli abitanti preisraelitici della Transgiordania (cf. Num. 21, 13, 31; Deut. 3, 8; 4, 47 sg.; 31, 4; Ios. 2, 10; 9, 10; 12, 2; 13, 10; Iudc. 10, 8), ma anche una parte degli abitanti della Palestina propriamente detta, cioè quella che dimora nella montagna (Deut. …
… Nella Bibbia l'H. viene designato come il confine nord-est della conquista palestinese sotto Mosè e Giosuè (Deut. 3, 8; Jos. 11, 3, 7; 12, 5; 13, 11; I Par. 5, 23). Nella poesia ebraica l'H. viene associato al Thabor (Ps. 88, 13), al Sion (Ps. 132, 3), all'Amana e Sanir (Cant. 4, 8).
legge si riferiva in genere a tutti i primi frutti del campo e degli alberi del paese d'Israele, cui si aggiungevano gli antichi territori di Sehon (Deut. 2, 32-37), di Og (ibid., 3, 8 sgg.) e più tardi della Siria conquistata da David. …
3:9
chiamati dalla loro città principale, come presso Omero, Sidonii (cf. Deut. 3, 9; Iudc. 10, 6.12; 18, 7; I Reg. 5, 6 [20]; 11, 1. 5. 33; II Sam. 23, 13).
3:11
In Deut. 3, 11 la grandiosità del sarcofago di basalto
(Deut. 3, 11) ad oriente del Giordano, oggi 'Ammān,
3:12
22, 36; iscrizione di Meïa, lin. 26); più tardi costituì il limite meridionale della tribù di Ruben (Jos. 13, 9, 16), cioè del territorio israelitico transgiordanico (Deut. 3, 12; 4, 48).
Al tempo dell'invasione israelitica, la regione occupata da Sehon re degli Amorrei e da Og re di Basan passò a far parte del territorio di Gad al sud e di Manasse al nord (Deut. 3, 12-13; Ios. 13, 24-31). G. formò la provincia assira della Transgiordania mentre la « Galaaditide » si estendeva soltanto nel Basan (I Mach. 5, 17-36).
… unì a quella di Ruben e di Gad nel richiedere a Mosè di potersi fissare nel territorio dei re vinti e ne ottenne la concessione assumendosi l'impegno di partecipare con tutte le tribù alla conquista di Canaan (ibid. 32, 33-42; cf. 1, 32; 34, 14-15; Deut. 3, 12-13; 29, 8; Ios. 1, 12-8; 12, 4-6; 18, 7). Il territorio assegnato da Mosè nella Transgiordania si estendeva dal sud da Mahanaim (v.) sul Iaboc, sino alle pendici del monte Hermon al …
3:13
… Prima dell'entrata degli Ebrei nella Palestina, il B. era « la terra dei Giganti » (Deut. 3, 13), Rephd'Im (v. ASTAROTH) e costituiva la maggior parte del regno amorrita di Og. ultimo gigante; sterminati gli Amorriti (v.), il territorio fu assegnato a metà della tribù di Manasse (Deut. 3, 13).
… 12-13; 29, 8; Ios. 1, 12-8; 12, 4-6; 18, 7). Il territorio assegnato da Mosè nella Transgiordania si estendeva dal sud da Mahanaim (v.) sul Iaboc, sino alle pendici del monte Hermon al nord, comprendendo il Galaad superiore l'Aglūn) e tutto il Basan (Deut. 3, 13-15; Ios. 13, 29-33).
3:14
2. Regione del Basan, appartenente al regno di Og (Deut. 3, 4-5, 13). Conquistata dagli Israeliti, toccò in eredità a Jair della tribù di Manasse (Deut. 3, 14), che occupò i paesi che da lui presero nome Ḥawwōth Jā'ir, ancora menzionati al tempo di Salomone (I Reg. 4, 13). Si discute se fossero città fortificate o villaggi di tende; se nel …
… I Gessurei (gēšūrī) sono ricordati con gli abitanti di Maacha (Deut. 3, 14; Ios. 12, 5; 13, 11), probabilmente anche in II Sam. 2, 9 con la versione siriaca e la Volgata. …
I. conquistò le trenta città amorrite, a sud del Jarmūq, in Galaad, che chiamò havadith I. cioè attendamenti abitati da seminomadi (Num. 32, 41; Iudc. 10, 4; I Reg. 4, 13; I Par. 2, 22). Meno esatta e secondaria la tradizione che pone nel Basan queste città (Deut. 3, 14; Ios. 13, 30). Le 60 città nel Basan, che I Par. 2, 23 sembra attribuire a I., furon conquistate da Nobe (Num. 32, 42).
3:15
Con il semplice nome di G. viene alcune volte designato sia 1) 'Aǧlūn (Num. 32, 39-40; Deut. 3, 15; Ios. 17, 6) sia il Belqā (Num. 32, 1; Ios. 13, 25). La « montagna del G. », in cui avvenne il colloquio ultimo fra Giacobbe e Laban (Gen. 31, 21-25) è tutta la Transgiordania, …
3:16
bon) nonché la frontiera settentrionale degli Ammoniti (Num. 21, 24; Deut. 2, 37; 3, 16. Cf. Fl. Giuseppe, Antiq. …
3:17
Le parti dell'A. nominate nel Vecchio Testamento sono: il Mar Morto (v.) jām ha-'arābhāh, « mare dell'A. » (Deut. 3, 17; 4, 49; Ios. 3, 16; 12, 3; II Reg. 14, 25; Volgata: « mare solitudinis »), 'arbhāth Jērīhā (Volgata: « campestria urbis Iericho »; Ios. 4, 13; 5, 10) e 'arbhāth Mō'āh (Volg.: « campestria …
profonda depressione del Gör (Deut. 3, 17; Ios. 3, 16; 12, 3; II Reg. 14, 25); Jâm haq-Qadhmânî (« mare orientale »), in opposizione al Mare Mediterraneo (Ez. 47, 18); o « mare anteriore » (Ioel. 2, 20; Zach. 14, 18), in antitesi …
Ebbe vari nomi: « mare di Cenereth » (Num. 34,11; Deut. 3,17; Ios. 11,2), dalla città oggi seppellita su Tell el-Orejmeh, a 25 km. a nord di T.; stagno di Genesareth (v.) o Genesar (I Mach. 11,67; Lc. 5,1), probabilmente dal villaggio …
3:27
… Benché en-Nebâ sia la cima più alta (m. 835), pure la visuale della Palestina è più larga da Sijâgah, che appunto conserva il ricordo della visione di Mosè (Deut. 3, 27; 32, 49; 33, 34) e della di lui morte.
3:29
… In questo senso dicesi anche Bethphegor (Deut. 3, 29; 4; 46; 34,6) rispondente, sembra, a bèth («fanum») del Ba'al di Pe'ôr.
… accamparono gli Israeliti prima di passare il Giordano e dove praticarono il culto licenzioso al Baal di Pō'ōr (v. REELPREGOR), che non è altro che Chamos, il dio nazionale dei Moabiti (cf. le stele di Mesa, di el-Balū'ah [ca. 1300 a. C.]; Num. 22, 26; Deut. 3, 29; Ios. 13, 20).
… La «valle» di P. (Deut. 3, 29; 4, 46; 34, 6) corrisponde, perciò, al Wādi 'Ajūn Mūsā che separa le due catene. …
Douay-Rheims (Challoner) · Vulgata Clementina · Douay-Rheims originale (Douai 1609-10), trascrizione EEBO-TCP (CC0) · La Sacra Bibbia, tradotta dalla Volgata da Antonio Martini (1769-1781) (LaParola (laparola.net), Martini OSIS text, Public domain (LaParola's electronic edition marks it 'Dominio pubblico')). Pubblico dominio.