C
2,386 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
Cavallotti, Felice
Writer, politician, orator, b. in Milan on 6 Nov. 1842, d. in Rome on 6 March 1898. He took part in the second Garibaldian expedition in Sicily, and fought at… -
Cavallucci, Antonio
Painter, b. at Sermoneta (Rome) on 21 Aug. 1752, d. at Rome on 18 Nov. 1795. He was a pupil of Stefano Pozzi and of Gaetano Lapis, but soon inclined toward the… -
Cavanis, Anton'Angelo and Marcantonio (CAVANIS, ANTON'ANGELO E MARCANTONIO)
Priests, the first born in Venice on 16 Jan. 1772, the second on 19 May 1774 to Count Giovanni and a Pasqualigo Basadonna, from whom they received a family… -
Cavazzi, Giovanni Antonio, da Montecuccoli (CAVAZZI, GIOVANNI ANTONIO, DA MONTECUCOLI)
Born on 13 Oct. 1621, he entered the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin of the ancient province of Bologna in 1639. He was one of the most enterprising and… -
Cavazzoni
Two figures of this family are remembered: MARCO ANTONIO, also called Antonio da Bologna, was a pupil and singer in the celebrated singing school that A.… -
Cavedoni, Giacomo
Painter, b. at Sassuolo in 1577, d. at Bologna in 1660. He ingeniously managed to fuse with the Carraccesque principles of his artistic education the… -
Cavedoni, Venanzio Celestino
Priest, b. at Levizzano (Modena) on 17 May 1795, d. at Modena on 26 Nov. 1865. Mezzofanti initiated him into the study of ancient coins. But his scientific… -
Cavellus (Mac-Caugwell), Ugo
Irish Scotist Franciscan, b. at Down in 1571, d. 22 Sept. 1626. After completing his higher studies at the University of Salamanca, he taught theology at the… -
Cavenaghi, Luigi
Painter, b. at Caravaggio in 1844, d. at Milan on 31 March 1918. A pupil at the Brera Academy, he displayed in the frescoes he executed in the Sanctuary of his… -
Cave, William
Born at Pickwell in Leicestershire in 1637, died at Windsor in 1713. Anglican minister. Educated at Cambridge in St. John's College, vicar and rector of many… -
Cavour, Camillo Benso, Count of (CAVOUR, CAMILLO BENSO, CONTE DI)
Statesman, b. in Turin on 10 Aug. 1810, d. there on 6 June 1861. His parents were Marquis Michele, police commissioner in Turin, a man of the ancien régime… -
Cavour, Camillo Benso di
Autograph letter from C. C. to Massimo d'Azeglio (Feb. 1856) - Rome, archive of the Istituto per la storia del Risorgimento. 39. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA. - III.… -
Cavour, Gustavo Benso, Marquis of (CAVOUR, GUSTAVO BENSO, MARCHESE DI)
Born January 27, 1806 in Turin, died there February 26, 1864. Elder brother of Camillo Cavour, he inherited from his father, by right of primogeniture, the… -
Caxias del Maragnano, Diocese of (CAXIAS DEL MARAGNANO, DIOCESI DI)
In the State of Maranhão (Brazil), a suffragan of St. Louis of Maragnano, it extends over the eastern region of the State, which is hot but very fertile in… -
Caxias, Diocese of (CAXIAS, DIOCESI DI)
In Brazil; State of Rio Grande do Sul. Erected on 8 Sept. 1934, by division from the archdiocese of Porto Alegre, of which it is a suffragan. It lies in a… -
Cayenne, Apostolic Vicariate of (CAYENNA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
CAYENNA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di: v. GUYANA FRANCESE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di. CAYES (LES), DIOCESI di: v. LES CAYES, DIOCESI di. -
CAYES (LES), DIOCESI di
CAYES (LES), DIOCESI di: v. LES CAYES, DIOCESI di. -
Cayet, Pierre-Victor-Palma
French theologian, b. of a modest Catholic family at Montrichard (Touraine) in 1525, d. at Paris on 16 March 1610. As a student he went over to Calvinism and… -
Cayman Islands (CAYMAN, ISOLE)
CAYMAN, ISOLE : v. GIAMAICA. -
Cayron, Pierre-Jean
French Jesuit, b. at Rodez on 17 Jan. 1672, entered the novitiate of Toulouse in 1687, d. in great fame of sanctity at Toulouse on 31 Jan. 1754. After fourteen… -
C. C. C.
C. C. C. : v. ENTE DELLO SPETTACOLO. -
Ceadda (Chad), Abbot, Saint (CEADDA (CHAD) ABATE, SANTO)
Perhaps a native of Northumbria. The year of his birth is uncertain; he died, according to Bede, who is the best source for his life, in 672. He was educated… -
Ceadwalla (Caedwalla), King of Wessex (CEADWALLA (CAEDWALLA), RE DEL WESSEX)
A warrior of British race, chief of the Britons of Wales, whose life represents one of the moments in the struggle between the ancient possessors of British… -
Cearà, Diocese of (CEARÀ, DIOCESI DI)
CEARÀ, DIOCESI di: v. FORTALEZA (CEARÀ), DIOCESI di. -
Cebà, Ansaldo
Poet, b. in Genoa in 1565, d. there in 1623. A pupil of the Jesuits and later of Speroni at the University of Padua, he cultivated poetics, moral philosophy… -
Cebu, Diocese of (CEBÙ, DIOCESI DI)
CEBÙ, DIOCESI di: v. NAME OF JESUS (CEBU), DIOCESE of. -
Ceca, National Church of (CECA, CHIESA NAZIONALE)
CECA, CHIESA NAZIONALE: v. BOEMI, FRATELLI. -
Ceccarelli, Alessandro
Pontifical archiater and chief surgeon of the papal army, b. at Castiglione in Teverina, near Orvieto, on 11 March 1830, d. in Rome on 19 Feb. 1893. After his… -
Ceccarelli, Nadd
Sienese painter of the mid-14th century, of whom only a few signed works are known. These are: a panel with the half-length Madonna and Child in the Cook… -
Cecchi, Filippo
Piarist physicist, b. at Ponte Buggianese (Pistoia) on 31 May 1822, d. at Florence on 1 May 1887. He taught physics and mathematics in Florence for over forty… -
Cecchi, Giovanni Maria
Man of letters, b. in Florence, according to the most reliable date, on 15 March 1518. Following the family tradition he was a notary (1542-1577); he held… -
Cecco d'Ascoli
Francesco Stabili, b. at Ascoli in 1269, was a physician, astrologer, naturalist, poet, presumptuous and eccentric. Attached to the Bolognese faculty of… -
Cecilian (CECILIANO)
First archdeacon and then bishop of Carthage (311); his name is connected with the Donatist controversy, provoked by his election after the death of the holder… -
Cecilian Movement (CECILIANO, MOVIMENTO)
An organization of devotees and supporters of church music; it took its name from St. Cecilia, commonly invoked and venerated as the patroness of music. In… -
Cecilia of the Nativity (CECILIA DELLA NATIVITÀ)
Discalced Carmelite, in the world Cecilia Sobrino y Morillas, b. in 1570 at > (phot. Alinari) CECILIA, saint - Marble bas-relief attributed to Donatello.… -
Cecilia, Saint (CECILIA, SANTA)
Roman martyr, venerated on Nov. 22. She has her elogium in acts composed in the 5th-6th centuries, which present numerous elements constituting on the whole a… -
Cecropius (CECROPIO)
Semi-Arian, bishop first of Laodicea, then transferred to Nicomedia by the emperor Constantius in 351. Judged severely by St. Athanasius for having secured his… -
Cedar (CEDRO)
A majestic tree, with prized wood, mentioned in many biblical passages, generally with the local designation "of Lebanon," where it grew in great abundance.… -
Cedar (CEDAR)
According to Genesis 25:13, the second son of Ishmael, from whom the Arab tribe that descended from him and the region it inhabited took their name. The… -
Cedron
Torrent or valley (Heb. Naḥal Qidhrān, in Greek ὁ γειμαρος τῶν Κεδρῶν; opp. ὁ Κεδρῶν). It rises from Mount Scopus to the northeast of Jerusalem at about 760 m.… -
Cefa
CEFA: v. PIETRO, santo, apostolo. -
Cefalù, Diocese of (CEFALÚ, DIOCESI DI)
In Sicily, province of Palermo, suffragan of Palermo. Its jurisdiction today extends over 22 municipalities of the province of Palermo and comprises 184… -
Ceila (CEILA)
A fortified city in the lowland of Judah (Josh. 15:44; 1 Chron. 4:19), strenuously defended by > (phot. Emil) > CEFALÙ - Façade of the Cathedral (1131-48).… -
Ceiling (SOFFITTO)
An architectural element tending to mask the overlying roof structures or, more simply, the sky of a room. What interests us here is, naturally, the aesthetic… -
Ceillier, Remi
Benedictine of the Lorraine Congregation of St-Vanne and St-Hidulphe, b. at Bar-le-Duc on 14 May 1688, d. in the monastery of Flavigny, on 26 May 1761, a… -
Celebes, Islands of (CELEBES, ISOLE)
CELEBES, ISOLE: v. MANADO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di. -
Célebrét (CELEBRET)
Certificate issued by the competent ecclesiastical authority, attesting that a priest may celebrate Mass. It states the holder's name, the date, the time… -
Celesia, Michelangelo
Benedictine, cardinal, b. in Palermo on 13 Jan. 1814, d. there on 15 Apr. 1904. Prior of the monastery of the Maddalena in Messina (1846) and of St. Benedict… -
Celesia, Paolo
Biologist and thinker, b. in Genoa on 3 April 1876, d. in Rome on 12 June 1916. Having graduated in natural sciences, he founded and directed for five years… -
Celeste
The name Caelestia designates, in the Roman religion, the principal goddess of Carthage who, evoked from the enemy city, appears to have found a cult in Rome… -
Celestine III, Pope (CELESTINO III, PAPA)
Giacinto Bobo-Orsini, b. ca. 1106 from the noble Roman family that in the 13th century gave illustrious cardinals to the Church of Rome, studied in Paris… -
Celestine II, Pope (CELESTINO II, PAPA)
Guido of Città di Castello was named cardinal deacon of S. Maria in via Lata by Honorius II and transferred by Innocent II to the presbyteral title of S.… -
Celestine II, Pope, Elected (CELESTINO II, PAPA, ELETTO)
Teobaldo Buccapeus or Buccapecorini, from a Roman family that had risen to some authority toward the end of the 11th century, was cardinal priest of St.… -
Celestine I, Pope, Saint (CELESTINO I, PAPA, SANTO)
He was a native of Campania. He was elected and consecrated on September 10, 422, six days after the death of Boniface I (September 4, 422). He consecrated the… -
Celestine IV, Pope (CELESTINO IV, PAPA)
Goffredo Castiglioni, Milanese, son of Giovanni and of Cassandra Crivelli, sister of Urban III (d. 1187). A disciple of St. Galdinus, he was a canon and… -
Celestines, Order of the (CELESTINI, ORDINE DEI)
Founded by St. Peter Celestine (Pope Celestine V) around 1240, in the solitude of Mount Maiella. Urban IV, on June 1, 1263, gave the Rule of St. Benedict to… -
Celestine V, Pope, Saint (CELESTINO V, PAPA, SANTO)
Pietro di Morrone, b. at Isernia (Campobasso) in 1215, d. at the Castle of Fumone (Frosinone) on 19 May 1296. As a young man he entered the Benedictine abbey… -
Celestius (CELESTIO)
Coryphaeus of Pelagianism, he was probably a native of Italy. He was practicing law in Rome when, around 405, he met Pelagius and accepted his doctrines. Being… -
Celestri, Antonio
Italian theologian, b. in Palermo on 13 Oct. 1649 and d. there on 19 March 1706. At the age of 16 he became a religious of the Third Order Regular of St.… -
Celesyria (CELESIRIA)
Name given by the Greeks, after the conquest of Alexander the Great, to the region between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon. It is currently called by the Arabs… -
Celibacy (CELIBATO)
I. C. ECCLESIASTICO. - The inspiring principle of ecclesiastical celibacy is the idea of purity and continence. Jesus presents it as the exercise of a higher… -
Cell (CELLA)
I. It is a word that has the most varied applications. In a Christian inscription from Rome there is mention of a binara (= cinaria) c. belonging to Sextus… -
Cellarius, Martin
CELLARIUS, MARTIN: v. BORRHAUS, MARTIN. -
Celle, Giovanni delle
Ascetic writer and translator into the vernacular. Florentine, son of Gano, a nobleman of Catignano, b. ca. 1310 and d. ca. 1396. First a Vallombrosan monk in… -
Cellini, Adolfo
Exegete, b. at Ripatransone (Ascoli Piceno) on 25 Feb. 1857, d. there on 10 Feb. 1920. He taught letters, then biblical sciences, in the diocesan seminary. For… -
Cellini, Benvenuto
Born in Florence in 1500, he was first set by his father to music and then to goldsmithing; at the age of sixteen he was confined to Siena following a brawl… -
Cellites (Alexians), Brothers of (FRATELLI CELLITI (ALESSIANI))
A society of lay brothers founded in the 14th century in Romania for the care of the sick. Several such charitable societies are found in the same century… -
Cellot, Louis
French Jesuit, b. in Paris in 1588, d. there on 20 Oct. 1658. A novice in 1605, he taught letters and Sacred Scripture, was rector at Rouen and at La Flèche… -
Cellula
In biology, this is the name given to the smallest vital unit, capable of autonomous life and of reproduction of the metozoa and metaphyta, animals and… -
Cellular, Theory (CELLULARE, TEORIA)
With the discovery of the cell, the idea of the cellular constitution of all animals and plants matured. However, only in 1838 did Schleiden for plants and in… -
Celsius, Olof (Olaus)
Swedish botanist and Lutheran exegete, b. in 1670 and d. on 24 June 1756. He knew Arabic, which he used to determine the Hebrew names of plants. For this same… -
Celsus (CELSO)
2nd-century philosopher, author of writings against Christianity. The person, work, and thought of C. are known to us only from the refutation made of them by… -
Celsus (CELSO)
A Christian writer who faithfully translated from Greek the dialogue of Aristo of Pella and dedicated it to a bishop Vigilius with a long prefatory letter.… -
Celsus (Celsi), Angelo
Roman nobleman, b. in 1600, d. on 6 Nov. 1671. A doctor "in utroque iure," he was appointed auditor of the Holy Roman Rota in 1645 and cardinal in 1664. He… -
Celsus, Saint, Martyr (CELSO, SANTO, MARTIRE)
CELSO, santo, martire: v. NAZARIO E CELSO, saints, martyrs. -
Celtes (Celtis), Conrad
Humanist (his real surname was Pickel), b. at Wipfeld, near Würzburg, on 1 February 1459, d. at Vienna on 3 February 1508. He was one of the greatest… -
Celts (CELTI)
With this name the Greek sources designate a group of peoples of the Aryan-European family, who, settled probably as early as the Neolithic period in a region… -
Cemetery (CIMITERO)
It is the place destined for the burial of the dead. The Christians of the first centuries, conforming to the Roman laws that severely prohibited burying… -
Cemetery of Apronianus (APRONIANO, CIMITERO DI)
The Hieronymian Martyrology tells us (Dec. 25) that St. Eugenia was buried on the Via Latina in Rome in coemeterio Aproniani. And from the Notitia ecclesiarum… -
Cemetery of Praetextatus (PRETESTATO, CIMITERO DI)
Located at the 2nd mile on the left of the Via Appia (currently the entrance is at Via Appia Pignatelli 1). The name appears in the Depositio martyrum for the… -
Cemetery of St. Cyriaca (CIRIACA, CIMITERO DI)
On the Via Tiburtina; it takes its name from the legend that attributes to a widow named C. the deposition of the deacon and martyr St. Lawrence in a property… -
Cenacle of Jerusalem (CENACOLO DI GERUSALEMME)
A hall in Gothic style inside the Mohammedan mosque called Nebi Dâ'ûd ("prophet David"), to the southwest of Jerusalem, outside the present walls, on the hill… -
Cena, Giovanni
Poet, journalist and critic, b. at Montanaro Canavese on 12 Jan. 1870, d. at Rome on 7 Dec. 1917. He studied at Turin, a pupil of A. Graf. Having come to Rome… -
Cenchrae (CENCRE (ΚΕΤΖΗΛΊ, CENCHRAE))
Currently Kehris, the ancient port of Corinth that served for communications with the East. At C. St. Paul embarked on his return from the second apostolic… -
Cenci, Beatrice
Born in Rome on 6 February 1577 to Francesco, a violent and avaricious man who, seeing his vast patrimony dwindle because of the continuous fines for the… -
Cenereth
CENERETH: v. GENESARETH. -
Cenesthesia and Cenestopathy (CENESTESIA E CENESTOPATIA)
By cenesthesia is meant general internal sensibility, that is, that complex of impressions which reach consciousness from our internal world, from the viscera… -
Cennini, Cennino
Painter and writer, b. at Colle Val d'Elsa, d. perhaps at Padua after 1398. At Padua, C. worked for the Carraresi, as the documents of 1398 attest, and he… -
Cenobitism (CENOBITISMO)
CENOBITISMO: v. MONACHESINO. -
Censius (Cenci), Ludovico
Jurist of the noble Cenci Goga family, b. in Perugia ca. 1557, d. there in 1637. His fame remains linked to a Tractatus de censibus cum decisionibus S. Rotae… -
Censorship (CENSURA)
The word censorship, from censor, the Roman magistrate charged with keeping the censuses of citizens up to date, and later also with overseeing morals… -
Census (CENSO)
CENSO: v. CANONI E CENSII. -
Census of Quirinius (CENSIMENTO DI QUIRINO)
CENSIMENTO DI QUIRINO: v. QUIRINO PUBLIO SULPICIO. -
Centocelle
This episcopal see, which the documents attest from the 5th century, had an ephemeral existence. L. Duchesne is of the opinion that the bishops of C.… -
Centos (CENTONI POETICI)
A cento is a poetic composition made up of verses and parts of verses by some well-known poet, stitched together so as to express a new content. Among those on… -
Central New Guinea, Apostolic Vicariate of (NUOVA GUINEA CENTRALE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLA)
It is located in the region of New Guinea that is under Australian mandate. The territory, detached from the apostolic prefecture of Kaiser-Wilhelmsland on 23… -
Centuriators of Magdeburg (CENTURIATORI DI MAGDEBURGO)
This name is derived from the title of the work Ecclesiastica historia secundum singulas centurias per aliquot studiosis et pios viros in urbe Magdeburgica. In… -
Centurione, Vittoria
In religion Paola Maria di Gesù, Discalced Carmelite, daughter of the nobles Stefano C. and Vicentina Lomellini of Genoa, b. 6 Oct. 1586 in Naples; she became… -
Ceolfrid, Saint (CEOLFRIDO, SANTO)
Abbot of the two English monasteries of St. Peter at Wearmouth and St. Paul at Jarrow, in Northumberland; born in 642 in that region to a family of the high… -
Cepari, Virgilio
Jesuit, hagiographer and ascetical writer, b. at Panicale on Lake Trasimeno in 1563 or '64, d. at Rome on 14 March 1631. Professor of theology at Parma and… -
Cepeda, Félix Alejandro
Born in La Serena (Chile) on 19 Nov. 1854, died in Madrid on 29 Jan. 1930. After teaching in seminaries as a priest, in Santiago, in 1888 he entered the Sons… -
Cephalonia (CEFALONIA)
City and capital of the island of the same name in the Ionian archipelago. From as early as the 4th century it was the seat of a bishopric, which was… -
Ceracchi, Giuseppe
Sculptor, b. in Rome on 4 July 1751, d. in Paris on 30 Jan. 1802. A pupil in Rome of Tommaso Righi, after a stay in Florence he spent most of his life in… -
Ceramic Art (CERAMICA)
A generic term designating any product obtained through the successive use of two technical processes: 1) manipulation of more or less plastic clays, possibly… -
Cerano
CERANO (IL): v. CRESPI, GIOVAN BATTISTA. -
Cerboni, Tommaso
Dominican theologian, b. in Lucca on 25 March 1723, d. in Rome on 12 March 1795. He entered religious life in Perugia in 1739 and completed his studies in… -
Cerdo (CERDONE)
The oldest information about C. is found in St. Irenaeus. C., having come to Rome under Hyginus, is said to have taught that the God preached by the Law and… -
Cereal (CEREALE)
African bishop of Castellum Ripense, he took part in the religious discussion of 484 at Carthage between Arian and Catholic bishops. Questioned by the Arian… -
Cerealia
Festivals in honor of Ceres, celebrated on April 19. It is not known how they were conducted in the primitive indigenous cult, to which the sacred-magical rite… -
Cerebral Concussion (COMMOZIONE CEREBRALE)
A consequence of severe trauma striking the head directly or indirectly, or of violent shaking of the nerve centers (explosions), it manifests itself with coma… -
Cerebral Localizations (LOCALIZZAZIONI CEREBRALI)
The concept that the various somatopsychic functions have a well-determined localization in the brain has undergone continuous modifications over time and is… -
Cerebral Softening (RAMMOLLIMENTO CEREBRALE)
The concept of cerebral softening is fairly precise and defined from an anatomo-pathological point of view, much less so from a pathogenetic and clinical point… -
Ceremonial (CERIMONIALE)
CERIMONIALE: V. LITURGIA. -
Ceremonial Master (CEROFERARIO)
He who in solemn functions carries the lighted candle on the candlestick. In ancient times, as a sign of special honor, the c. preceded the dignitaries of the… -
Ceremonial of Bishops (CERIMONIALE DEI VESCOVI)
It is the body of sacred rules and directives that govern the preparation and the attitudes, movements and gestures to be observed in the solemn celebration of… -
Ceremony (CERIMONIA)
In the liturgical sense, a c. is a gesture, an action, a movement, or a complex of these, instituted by the competent authority, to accompany prayer or the… -
Cerenzia
CERENZIA: v. CARIATI. -
Ceres (CERERE)
Roman divinity of cereal vegetation, akin to Tellus; with whom she is associated both in the feriae sementivae, celebrated in January at the end of the sowing… -
Cereseto, Giambattista
Born at Ovada (Alessandria) on 15 June 1816; a Piarist on 15 Apr. 1833; died in his native city on 14 May 1858. A writer and educator, he cannot be neglected… -
Cereseto, Giovanni Giacinto
Biblicist, b. in Genoa in 1840, d. there on 28 Dec. 1920. From 1875 to 1892 he taught Sacred Scripture and other subjects in the seminary of Chiavari. In 1892… -
Cerethi (CERETEI)
Mercenary troops, often listed in the Bible together with the Pelethites. Since the country of origin of the Philistines (v.), their kinsmen, was Caphtor… -
Ceretti, Giovanni Domenico
Born at Alice Vercellese on 15 February 1793, died at Turin on 29 December 1855 and buried in the cathedral of St. John. He professed among the Oblates of Mary… -
Ceriani, Antonio Maria
Milanese paleographer and orientalist, b. at Uboldo (Milan) on 2 May 1828, d. at Milan on 2 March 1907. Of humble family, he studied in the Milanese seminaries… -
Cerignola, Diocese of (CERIGNOLA, DIOCESI DI)
CERIGNOLA, DIOCESI di: v. ASCOLI SATRIANO, DIOCESI di. -
Cerinthus (CERINTO)
CERINTHUS.- Gnostic; according to Irenaeus (Adv. haer., I, 21; ed. W. Harvey, p. 211; ed. A. Stieren, I, 26, p. 253) C. taught that the world was created by an… -
Ceri of Gubbio (CERI DI GUBBIO)
CERI di GUBBIO: v. GUBBIO. -
Cerioli, Costanza, Venerable (CERIOLI, COSTANZA, VENERABILE)
In religion, Sister Paola Elisabetta. Born at Soncino (Cremona), 16 January 1816, died at Comonte di Seriate (Bergamo), 24 December 1865; she founded the… -
Cerlogne, Jean-Baptiste
Valdostan dialect poet, b. at St-Nicolas on 6 March 1826, d. there on 4 Oct. 1910. He was a chimney sweep and kitchen boy in Marseilles (1837-45), a cook at… -
Cernăuți (Chernivtsi) (CERNĂUTI (CZERNOWITZ))
First mentioned in 1408, as a modest village situated on the Prut, in southern Galicia (Poland). When, in 1775, this territory was annexed to Austria, C. was… -
Cerqueira, Luiz
Portuguese Jesuit, bishop in Japan, b. in 1551 at Alvito, d. 15 February 1614. He first taught philosophy at Coimbra (1581-86) and theology (1586-88), and… -
Cerreto Sannita, Diocese of (CERRETO SANNITA, DIOCESI DI)
CERRETO SANNITA, DIOCESI di: v. TELESE, DIOCESI di. -
Cerretti, Bonaventura
Cardinal, b. at Bardano di Orvieto on 17 June 1872, d. in Rome on 8 May 1933. Ordained a priest in 1895, he entered the Secretariat of State in 1902; in… -
Cerri, Urbano
A Roman, appointed secretary of the Congregation de Propaganda Fide by Clement X in 1675, d. in 1679, leaving an unpublished report on the State of the… -
Certainty (CERTEZZA)
From cernere, to sift, to discern, certainty is, in the proper sense, the mental state of firm adherence to a proposition. St. Thomas: «certitudo proprie… -
Certani, Giovanni Filippo
Oratorian ascetical writer, b. in Bologna in 1646 to a noble Florentine family, d. 23 Nov. 1717. A relative of Francesco C., co-founder of the Congregation of… -
Certosa
CERTOSA: v. GRANDE CHARTREUSE. -
Cerularius (CERULARIO)
CERULARIO: v. MICHELE, patriarch of Constantinople. -
Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de
Spanish writer, b. in 1547 (perhaps Sept. 29) at Alcalá de Henares, d. at Madrid on Apr. 23, 1616. It is probable that the future author of the Quijote studied… -
Cerveri, Bartolomeo, Blessed (CERVERI, BARTOLOMEO, BEATO)
Dominican, martyr, b. at Savigliano in 1420, d. at Cervere on 21 April 1466. He studied at Turin, obtaining on the same day the degrees of licentiate, doctor… -
Cerveteri (Caere)
In the suburbicarian Tuscia, crossed by a dense road network, numerous Christian communities flourished and had a rather ancient origin, as abundant records… -
Cervia, Diocese of (CERVIA, DIOCESI DI)
In Romagna, a suffragan of Ravenna, founded around 500. The first known bishop of C. is St. Gerontius, who subscribed to the acts of the Synod celebrated in… -
Cesalpino, Andrea
Philosopher and naturalist, b. at Arezzo in 1519, d. at Rome on 23 February 1603. He taught medicine at the University of Pisa, directed the botanical garden… -
Cesareo, Giovanni Alfredo
Poet and critic, b. at Messina on 14 Jan. 1861, d. at Palermo on 6 May 1937. After a stormy youth, from 1898 for 37 years he taught Italian literature at the… -
Cesareo, Taglio
It is the extraction of the fetus and the adnexa through the uterine wall. The name seems to derive from the description that Pliny the Second, in his natural… -
Cesariano, Cesare
Architect, painter, art writer, b. in Milan in 1483, d. there on 30 March 1543. He trained under Leonardo and Bramante. He worked for 4 years (1503-1507) in… -
Cesari, Antonio
Writer, b. in Verona in 1760. He was a priest of the local Congregation of the Oratory. He devoted himself intensely to sacred studies, but even more to… -
Cesari, Giuseppe, called Il Cavaliere d'Arpino (CESARI, GIUSEPPE, DETTO IL CAVALIER D'ARPINO)
Painter, b. at Arpino (Frosinone) in 1560, d. at Rome in 1640. He served as many as ten pontiffs in Rome; he was also in Naples (1589-91) for the decoration of… -
Cesarini, Alessandro
Cardinal, b. in Rome in an uncertain year, d. there on 13 Feb. 1542. Leo X, whose esteem and friendship he enjoyed, raised him to the sacred purple in 1517… -
Cesarini, Giuliano
Cardinal, b. in 1398, he did his studies in Perugia, taught canon law in Padua (where he had as pupils Nicholas of Cusa and Domenico Capranica). He was… -
Cesarotti, Melchiorre
Writer, b. in Padua in 1730, d. at his villa in Selvazzano, near Padua, in 1808. Living amid political turmoil, like Monti he praised now Napoleon, now the… -
Cesati, Filippo Maria
Barnabite missionary, b. in Milan in 1684, d. at Phuican on 2 April 1725. After teaching letters at S. Alessandro (Milan) and having been prefect of the public… -
Cesena, Diocese of (CESENA, DIOCESI DI)
In Emilia, in the province of Forlì, suffragan of Ravenna. The episcopal lists of Cesena prior to the 6th century do not rest on solid historical foundations… -
Cesi
An Umbrian-Sabine family originating from the place of the same name, which began to rise in the 15th century and during the 16th century in one of its… -
Cestac, Louis-Édouard, Venerable (CESTAC, LOUIS-EDOUARD, VENERABILE)
Priest, b. at Bayonne on 6 Jan. 1801, d. there on 27 March 1868. He dedicated his whole life to the care of orphans and to the rehabilitation of wayward young… -
Cestari, Giuseppe
Priest, b. in 1751 in Naples, where he lived with a reputation as a Jansenist, together with > (phot. Anderson) > CESI, FAMILY - Monument to Cardinal Paolo C.… -
Cesti, Marco Antonio
A gifted opera composer, b. at Arezzo in 1623, baptized with the name Pietro, he took the name Antonio upon entering the Minor Conventuals in 1637; he was… -
Cethim
CETHIM: v. KITTIM. -
Cetura (CETURA)
Second wife of Abraham (Gen. 25:1), probably a Canaanite, whom Abraham is said to have married after Sarah's death. Since, however, he would then have been… -
Ceuta, Diocese of (CEUTA, DIOCESI DI)
CEUTA, DIOCESI di: v. CADICE, DIOCESI di. -
Cevakinsky, Savva
Russian architect, b. 1733, d. 1783. He trained in the school of Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli, adapting the pomp and richness of Rastrelli's constructions to… -
Ceva, Tommaso
Born in Milan on 26 Dec. 1648, entered the Society of Jesus on 20 Dec. 1663, died in Milan on 3 Feb. 1737. The younger brother of Giovanni C. (who gave his… -
Cevoli, Florida, Venerable (CEVOLI, FLORIDA, VENERABILE)
Capuchin nun of the monastery of Città di Castello, born in Pisa to Counts Curzio and Laura C. on 11 November 1685, died on 12 June 1767. She entered the… -
Ceylon
The name C. means "island of the lions," from the warriors who accompanied, in the 6th century B.C., its Indian conqueror. It is the ancient Taprobane, well… -
Chabot, Jean-Baptiste
French priest, celebrated orientalist, b. at Vouvray (Indre-et-Loire) on 16 Feb. 1865, d. at Paris on 7 Jan. 1948. He completed his studies at the seminary of… -
Chabul
CHABUL: v. CABUL. -
Chachapoyas, Diocese of (CHACHAPOYAS, DIOCESI DI)
In the republic of Peru, department of Amazonas, suffragan of Trujillo. Erected by Pius VII on 28 May 1805 under the name of Mynas, it received its present… -
Chaco, Apostolic Vicariate of (CHACO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
In Bolivia: the evangelization of the region was begun in the 16th century by the Carmelites, who in the 17th century were followed also by the Jesuits and the… -
Chacón (Ciacconius), Alonso
Born at Baeza (Granada) in 1540, died at Rome on 15 February 1599. He entered the Order of Friars Preachers and was prior of the convent of St. Thomas in… -
Chaco Paraguayan, Apostolic Vicariate of (CHACO PARAGUAYANO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
It comprises the territory of the northern Chaco annexed to Paraguay by the Treaty of Buenos Aires of 1938. In the past it belonged, ecclesiastically, partly… -
Chaignon, Pierre
French Jesuit, b. 22 Oct. 1791, entered the Society of Jesus in 1819 and d. at the age of 92 at Angers in 1883. He devoted almost his entire life to parish… -
Chains of Saint Peter (CATENE DI S. PIETRO)
Those preserved in Rome in the basilica of St. Peter in Chains as relics of the Apostle's imprisonment. The church was entirely rebuilt by Sixtus III (432-40)… -
Chair of Saint Peter, Feast of the (CATTEDRA DI SAN PIETRO, FESTA DELLA)
It is not a question of the chair or material see, but of the magisterium of St. Peter. Here "chair" is a synonym of sedes. The sentence of St. Cyprian is… -
Chaize, Francesco de la
CHAIZE, FRANCESCO de la : v. LA CHAISE, FRANÇOIS d'AIX de. -
Chalanne (CHALANNE)
In Gen. 10:10 it is the fourth city of the southern tetrapolis of Mesopotamia, which constituted the kingdom of Shinar (Šin'ār), founded by Nimrod. According… -
Chalcedon (CALCEDONIA)
Today Kadıköy, founded by the Megarians in the 7th century B.C., it lies on the coast of Bithynia opposite Byzantium. In 74 B.C. it passed to the Romans but… -
Chalcis (CALCIDE)
Center of a kingdom already existing in the 14th century B.C. in upper Syria, as appears from the letters of Tell el-Amarna. In the time, then, of Saul and… -
Chaldea (CALDEA)
Hebrew: Kašdim, 'ères Kašdim; Septuagint: Χαλδαίοι, Χαλδαία; Vulgate: Chaldei and terra Chaldaeorum; in cuneiform texts: Kasdu and later Kaldu. Geographically… -
Chaldean Antonian Monks of Saint Ormizd (ANTONIANI CALDEI DI SANT' ORMISDA)
In Mesopotamia and Persia monasticism, once very flourishing, had completely disappeared by the end of the 18th century. Gabriel Danbù (1784-1832), a native of… -
Chaldeans (CALDEI)
This is the name given, from the region of ancient Chaldea where they dwell, to the Syrian Catholics converted from Nestorianism. The first union was effected… -
Chalice (CALICE)
It is that one, among the sacred vessels, in which the eucharistic wine is consecrated during the Mass. I. ARCHAEOLOGY. - Just as the first places of worship… -
Challant
A powerful and illustrious feudal family of the Aosta Valley, which probably traces its origin to the marquises of Montferrat (11th century); it received from… -
Challonier, Richard
Heroic apostle, brilliant apologist and English ascetical writer, b. at Lewes in Sussex on 29 Sept. 1691, d. on 10 Jan. 1781. The son of Protestants, he… -
Chalmers, Thomas
Theologian and economist, b. at Anstruther (Fife) in Scotland in 1780, d. in 1847. He did his studies at the University of St. Andrews, but struggled greatly… -
Chalmers, William
Scottish theologian, a Jesuit and later an Oratorian, called Camerarius, b. at Aberdeen in the 16th century and d. at Paris in 1678. He studied at Rome in the… -
Châlons-sur-Marne [Châlons-en-Champagne], Diocese of (CHÂLONS-SUR-MARNE, DIOCESI DI)
City and department of the Marne, in Champagne, suffragan of Reims. Formed by a vast plain watered by the Marne, the region of C. has been crossed several… -
Chalon-sur-Saône, Diocese of (CHALON-SUR-SAÔNE, DIOCESI DI)
CHALON-SUR-SAÔNE, DIOCESI di: v. AUTUN, DIOCESI di. -
Chamberlain, Houston Stewart
Philosopher and musicologist, b. at Portsmouth on Sept. 2, 1855, d. at Bayreuth on Jan. 9, 1927. He studied science, philosophy and music at Geneva, Dresden… -
Chambéry, Archdiocese of (CHAMBÉRY, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
In the department of Savoy (France). It was erected at the request of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia by Pius VI in 1779 with part of the territory until… -
Chambon, Marie-Marthe
Born at La Croix-Rouge on 6 March 1841, died at Chambéry on 21 March 1907. A daughter of the countryside, she entered in 1864 the monastery of the Visitation… -
Chambord, Henri-Charles-Ferdinand-Marie-Dieudonné d'Artois, Duke of Bordeaux, Count of (CHAMBORD, HENRI-CHARLES-FERDINAND-MARIE-DIEUDONNÉ D'ARTOIS, DUCA DI BORDEAUX, CONTE DI)
Head of the senior branch of the House of Bourbon and pretender to the throne of France, b. in Paris on 29 Sept. 1820, d. at Frohsdorf on 24 Aug. 1883. His… -
Chameunia (χαμευνία) (CHAMÉUNIA (ΧΑΜΕΝΊΑ))
A penance familiar to Christian ascetics, consisting in sleeping on the bare ground (from χαμαι "on the ground" and εὐνή "bed"). The Greek Fathers formed the… -
Chamforans, Synod of (CIANFORAN (CHAMFORANS), SINODO DI)
When, in the first half of the 16th century, the Protestant movement arose in Germany and Switzerland, the Waldensians (v.), who had already been separated… -
Chaminade, Guillaume-Joseph
Founder of the Society of Mary (Marianists) and of the institute of the Daughters of Mary, b. at Périgueux on 8 April 1761, d. at Bordeaux on 22 Jan. 1850.… -
Chamos (CHAMOS)
National and principal god of the Moabites (Judg. 11:24; 1 Kings 11:7, 33; 2 Kings 23:13), who were therefore called the "people of C." (Num. 21:29; Jer.… -
Champagnat, Marcelin, Venerable (CHAMPAGNAT, MARCELIN, VENERABILE)
Founder of the institute of the Little Brothers of Mary (v.), or Marist Brothers, b. at Marlhes (diocese of Lyon) on 20 May 1789, d. at the Hermitage near… -
Champion, Pierre
French Jesuit, b. at Avranches on 19 Oct. 1631, d. at Nantes on 28 June 1701. He is known for his biographical works on figures who were highly prominent for… -
Champlevé (CHAMPLEVE)
CHAMPLEVE: v. SMALTO. -
Champney, Anthony
Controversialist, b. in England in 1569 (?), d. there in 1643 (?). He completed his theological studies in Rome, was vice-rector of the English college of… -
Champollion, Jean-François, the Younger (CHAMPOLLION, JEAN-FRANÇOIS, IL GIOVANE)
Founder of modern Egyptology, b. at Figeac (Lot) on 23 Dec. 1790, d. at Paris on 4 March 1832. He studied Oriental languages in Paris (1807-1809), then (1816)… -
Chanaan and the Chanaanites (CANAAN E CANANEI,)
People who in ancient times inhabited Palestine. I. NAME - It is one of those by which the Old Testament designates the territory occupied by the Israelites.…