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690 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
Heinrich, Johann Baptist
Theologian, b. in Mainz on 15 April 1816, d. there on 9 February 1891. He studied law in Giessen and obtained there the venia legendi. In 1842 he devoted… -
Heiricus of Auxerre (ERICO (HEIRICUS) DI AUXERRE)
Benedictine scholastic, b. in 841, d. in 876. Having entered the monastery of St. Germanus of Auxerre at the age of 7, he attended the schools of Ferrières… -
Helena (ELENA)
Daughter of Izates, king of Adiabene. Instructed in the Mosaic religion by a Jew who lived at her court (Flavius Josephus, Antiq. Iud., XX, 35), she showed a… -
Helena, Diocese of (HELENA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Montana, in the United States of America. It comprises the western part of the State of Montana, namely the following… -
Helena of Skövde, Saint (ELENA DI SKÖVDEN, SANTA)
Swedish, died 1 August 1160 at Skövde (southern Sweden). Of a noble family, left a widow after a few years of marriage, she led a holy life and made a… -
Helfta (Helpede)
Benedictine monastery (with Cistercian customs and habit), founded in 1258 near Eisleben (Saxony) by Gertrude of Hackeborn (v.), the great abbess. H. is the… -
Heliand
An Old German word, today Heiland, Savior; a sort of religious popular poem in Old Saxon and in alliterative verse (6000 lines), written > (from C. Maignen, Le… -
Heli (ELI)
Ancestor of Jesus (only in Lk. 3:25), the penultimate of the "Judges"; of his judgeship, however, which lasted 40 years, nothing is known. The only one who… -
Heliodorus (Gk. Hēliódōros "Gift of the Sun") (ELIODORO ('ΗΛΙΌΔΑΡΟΣ «DONO DEI SOLE»))
Prime minister of Seleucus IV, king of Syria (187-175 B.C.). Son of Aeschylus, of a noble Antiochene family, he was educated together with Seleucus, who… -
Heliogabalus (Imp. M. Aurelius Antoninus), Roman Emperor (ELIOGABALO (IMP. M. AURELIUS ANTONINUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
B. at Emesa in 204, d. at Rome on 11 March 222. Son of Varius Marcellus and Julia Soaemias, he was called Varius Avitus, but is more commonly known by the name… -
Heliopolis of Egypt (ELIOPOLI D'EGITTO)
Egyptian city, the ancient On (κον), capital of the 13th nome of Lower Egypt, sacred to the falcon-headed god Atum, creator par excellence, to whom the… -
Heliopolis of Syria (ELIOPOLI DI SIRIA)
ELIOPOLI di SIRIA: V. BA'ALBEK. -
Hell (INFERNO)
According to Catholic doctrine, it is the place in which the rebellious angels and men who have died in mortal sin are eternally punished. Etymologically it… -
Hellenism (ELLENISMO)
Name coined by J. G. Droysen (in his history on the subject, between 1836 and 1877) to designate the entire historical period from the military expeditions of… -
Hellenists ('Ελληνισταί) (ELLENISTI ('ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΤΑΊ))
This name designated the Jews of the diaspora (Acts 2:11; 6:1) who lived outside Palestine and spoke Greek. We have evidence of certain groups of these… -
Hello, Ernest
French writer, b. at Lorient on 4 Nov. 1828, d. there on 15 Apr. 1885. He practiced law for a short time, then devoted himself to philosophical and theological… -
Helmholtz, Hermann von
Born on 31 Aug. 1821 in Potsdam, died in Charlottenburg on 8 Sept. 1894. He earned his degree in medicine in 1842 with a work of microscopic anatomy in which… -
Helmold (ELMOLDO (HELMOLD))
Chronicler, b. ca. 1118-22, disciple of Gerold bishop of Lübeck, he spent his youth, until 1155, in the monastery of Faldera, later called Neumünster in… -
Helsinki
Ancient Helsingfors, capital of the Republic of Finland, is the most populous city in the state (270,000 inhabitants), of whom 64.5% are Finns and 33.5%… -
Helvétius, Claude-Adrien
Philosopher, b. in Paris in Jan. 1715 to Jean-Claude, a physician of renown, d. there on 26 Dec. 1771. Attracted at first by the reading of La Fontaine and… -
Helwicus, Teutonicus
Dominican ascetical writer, who lived around 1300. From the catalogue of Stams (Mon. O. P. hist., XVIII [Rome 1936], p. 65, cf. 124) H. is known as the author… -
Hemerken, Tommaso
HEMERKEN, TOMMASO: v. TOMMASO da KEMPIS. -
Hémon, Louis (HEMON, LOUIS)
Novelist, b. at Brest on 12 Oct. 1880, d. at Chapleau (Canada) 18 July 1913. He settled in the forests of Peribonka in Canada, leading there the life of the… -
Henānā of Adiabene (HENÂNĂ DI ADIABENE)
Noted Syrian theologian, d. in 610. Although he had been a pupil of the school of Nisibis, where Nestorian tendencies were favored, H., having become head of… -
Henao, Gabriel de
Jesuit theologian, b. at Valladolid on 20 July 1612, d. at Salamanca on 11 Feb. 1704. For many years he was professor of philosophy, of dogmatic and moral… -
Henares, Domingo, Blessed (HENARES, DOMINGO, BEATO)
Spanish Dominican, titular bishop of Pesseita, pro-vicar apostolic of eastern Tonkin, martyred there on 25 June 1838. Born at Baena (Cordova) on 19 Dec. 1765… -
Hencxthoven, Emile van
Jesuit, missionary, b. at Moll (Belgium) on 7 Oct. 1852, d. at Wombali (Belgian Congo) on 6 Apr. 1906. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1873, he was… -
Hengchow [Hengyang], Diocese of (HENGCHOW, DIOCESI DI)
In the civil province of Hunan, in central China, it was erected as an apostolic vicariate, with territory detached from the mission of Changsha, on 23 July… -
Hengstenberg, Ernst Wilhelm
Principal representative of "orthodox" (positiv, positiv-gläubig) Protestant theology and exegesis in the 19th century, b. at Fröndenberg (Ruhr) on 20 Oct.… -
Henneguier, Jérôme
Dominican theologian, b. at St-Omer in 1663, d. there on 13 March 1712. Master in theology in 1678, he founded a theological school at Cambrai (1675); he was… -
Henoch (HENOCH)
1. Antediluvian patriarch, son of Jared. Of him, who according to Gen. 5:23 reached the age of 365 years (the number of days of the solar year), it is said… -
Henotheism (Catenotheism) (ENOTEISMO (CATENOTEISMO))
It is the first stage of the idea of God according to Max Müller, "according to which the deity momentarily present to the religious consciousness is… -
Henriquez, Enrique
Jesuit, missionary, b. at Villaviciosa (Portugal) in 1520, d. at Pumai-kayal (Fishery Coast in southeastern India) on 6 February 1600. Accepted into the… -
Henry Bate of Malines (ENRICO BATE DA MALINZE)
Belgian philosopher and astronomer, b. 24 March 1246. He completed his philosophical studies presumably in Paris and was subject, it seems, to the influence of… -
Henry II, Emperor, Saint (ENRICO II, IMPERATORE, SANTO)
B. 6 May 973, d. 13 July 1024. Husband of St. Cunegunda, with whom he lived in chastity; from 28 Aug. 995 he was Duke of Bavaria, and after the death of Otto… -
Henry III, Emperor (ENRICO III, IMPERATORE)
Son of Conrad II the Salian and of Gisela, b. 28 Oct. 1017, d. at Bodfeld in the Harz on 5 Oct. 1056. Educated in Bavaria under the direction of two bishops… -
Henry III, King of England (ENRICO III, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
B. at Winchester on 1 Oct. 1207, d. on 16 Nov. 1272. Already in 1216 he held the regency upon the death of his father, John Lackland, under the guardianship of… -
Henry III, King of France (ENRICO III, RE DI FRANCIA)
Last of the Valois, son of Henry II and of Catherine de' Medici, b. Sept. 20, 1551 at Fontainebleau, d. at Paris on Aug. 1, 1589. Not expected to be heir to… -
Henry II, King of England (ENRICO II, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
Son of Geoffrey Plantagenet and Matilda, daughter and heiress of Henry I, b. 25 March 1133, d. 6 July 1189 at Le Mans. After the death of his cousin Stephen… -
Henry II, King of France (ENRICO II, RE DI FRANCIA)
Second son of Francis I and of Claude, daughter of Louis XII, b. 31 March 1519. By the Treaty of Madrid he was held in 1527 as a hostage in Madrid until his… -
Henry II of Mainz (ENRICO II DI MAGONZA)
Archbishop of Mainz from 15 May 1286 until 17-18 March 1288, a Franciscan, son of a baker, born at Isny in Swabia, he was a lecturer in the convents of… -
Henry I, King of England (ENRICO I, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
Born in 1068, last son of William I the Conqueror, died on 2 Dec. 1135. He obtained the Kingdom of England in 1100, after the violent death of his brother… -
Henry I of Mainz (ENRICO I DI MAGONZA)
Archbishop of Mainz from 27 Sept. 1142 until 7 June 1153; he was particularly attentive to ecclesiastical discipline and monastic life; he directed the… -
Henry IV, Emperor (ENRICO IV, IMPERATORE)
Son of the preceding and of Agnes, b. 11 Nov. 1050, d. near Visé (Belgium) on 7 Aug. 1106. Crowned king already at the age of four, he was able to obtain the… -
Henry IV, King of England (ENRICO IV, RE DI INGHILTERRA)
B. 3 April 1367 at Bolingbroke Castle, d. 20 March 1413 at Westminster. Son of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, he was elected king by Parliament in 1399… -
Henry IV, King of France (ENRICO IV, RE DI FRANCIA)
Son of Antoine de Bourbon, the prince of the blood closest to the reigning Valois line, and of Jeanne d'Albret, queen of Navarre, b. at Pau on 14 Dec. 1553, d.… -
Henry, King of Portugal (ENRICO, RE DI PORTOGALLO)
B. in 1512, d. in 1580. Son of Emmanuel I, at the age of 14 he chose the ecclesiastical career, whose ranks he ascended rapidly, endowed as he was with sincere… -
Henry of Bolzano (of Treviso), Blessed (ENRICO DA BOLZANO (DI TREVISO), BEATO)
Born at Bolzano, died at Treviso at a very advanced age on 10 June 1315. Still an adolescent, in order to escape the harassment of heretics, he moved to… -
Henry of Clairvaux, Blessed (ENRICO DI CHIARAVALLE, BEATO)
Born in the castle of Marey near Cluny in Burgundy to noble parents, he entered the monastery at Clairvaux around 1156. In 1160 he became abbot of Hautecombe… -
Henry of Egwint (ENRICO DI EGWINT)
Dominican mystic of the 14th century, called in documents Eckebant, Eckewind, Ekewind, Heepont. Four sermons of his survive in a manuscript of Einsiedeln… -
Henry of Friemar (ENRICO DI FRIEMAR)
Augustinian historian and theologian, b. at Fremel, a small village in Thuringia, ca. 1254, d. at the age of eighty in 1334. From his earliest youth he… -
Henry of Ghent (ENRICO DI GAND)
Philosopher and theologian, b. at Ghent in the first decades of the 13th century, d. June 29, 1293. H. is one of the greatest among the numerous great Belgian… -
Henry of Gorcum (Gorichem) (ENRICO DI GORKUM (GÖRRICHEM))
Theologian, b. ca. 1386, d. in 1431 at Cologne. He taught first in Paris and then (1419-31) in Cologne. He is one of the principal representatives of Thomism… -
Henry of Harclay (ENRICO DI HARCLAY)
English Scholastic. The data, both biographical and pertaining to his scholarly activity, are scanty and unreliable. According to Pelster he was born around… -
Henry of Herford (ENRICO DI HERFORD)
Dominican theologian and historian, b. at Herford at the beginning of the 14th century, d. at Minden on 13 Oct. 1370. A religious at Minden, he was definitor… -
Henry of Huntingdon (ENRICO DI HUNTINGDON)
Archdeacon, historian, b. ca. 1085 in the diocese of Lincoln, the city in which he was educated, d. in 1155. In 1110 he was appointed archdeacon of Huntingdon.… -
Henry of Kalkar (ENRICO DI KALKAR)
Cistercian, b. in 1328 at Kalkar (Rhineland), d. at Cologne on 20 Dec. 1408. After studying at Cologne and Paris he entered the Order in 1365 at Cologne. He… -
Henry of Langenstein (ENRICO DI LANGENSTEIN)
HENRY OF LANGENSTEIN: V. HEINDUCHE, HEINRICH VON LANGENSTEIN. -
Henry of Laufenberg (ENRICO DI LAUFENBERG)
Versatile poet of the high Middle Ages, Swiss by birth (ca. 1300), priest at Freiburg (Brisgau), he entered the Order of St. John in 1445; d. 31 March 1460. A… -
Henry of Lausanne (ENRICO DI LOSANNA)
Opponent of the ecclesiastical hierarchy and of the priestly order, b. in the last decades of the 11th century, d. after 1145. He is variously named: "Henry… -
Henry of Louvain (ENRICO DI LOVANIO)
Dominican theologian and writer, d. 18 Oct. 1340 (?) at Cologne or Louvain. Son of the noble Louvain family de Calstris (van der Kalster), E. was prior at… -
Henry of Lübeck (ENRICO DI LUBECCA)
Dominican philosopher and theologian, b. at Lübeck ca. 1288, d. after 1336. He was magister theologiae already before 1323, but probably not in Paris (perhaps… -
Henry of Meissen (ENRICO DI MEISSEN)
Nicknamed "Frauenlob" because of the preference he gave, in a poetic competition with the poet Regenbogen, to the term Frau as opposed to the term Weib, to… -
Henry of Melk (ENRICO DI MELK)
The earliest German satirical poet (second half of the 12th century). Disgusted with worldly life, he entered the monastery of Melk as a lay conversus, where… -
Henry of Nördlingen (ENRICO DI NÖRDLINGEN)
Priest of the diocese of Augsburg, director of souls and preacher, d. after November 1351. In the dispute between the Avignon popes and Louis the Bavarian, H.… -
Henry of Rimini (ENRICO DA RIMINI)
Dominican theologian, b. at Rimini, d. ca. 1314. He entered the Dominican order in his city. He appears to have been a lecturer in theology. He and Gregory of… -
Henry of Settimello (ARRIGO DA SETTIMELLO)
Poet of the 12th century. Information about his life is scarce. He was a cleric and also enjoyed honors and comforts, but later fell into disgrace. To console… -
Henry of Susa (ENRICO DI SUSA)
ENRICO di SUSA: v. BARTOLOMEI, ENRICO. -
Henry of the Holy Martyrs Nebeus and Achilles (ENRICO DEI SANTI NEBEO E ACHILLEO)
Cardinal, of the Moricotti family of Pisa, d. in Rome in 1179. Having become a monk at Clairvaux, he was a disciple of St. Bernard, then abbot of the monastery… -
Henry of Uppsala, Saint (ENRICO DI UPPSALA, SANTO)
Martyr in Finland, of whom he is proclaimed the apostle and patron, in 1156. A native of England, he went to Sweden where in 1152 he was consecrated bishop of… -
Henry of Veldeke (ENRICO DI VELDEKE)
German poet, of Flemish origin (second half of the 12th century), important for the lyric poetry in which he remains the founder of courtly poetry (which he… -
Henry, Prince of Kongo (ENRICO, PRINCIPE DEL CONGO)
B. ca. 1495, son of dom Affonso, later king of the Congo, dom E. in 1508 was sent to Lisbon to be educated in the convent of St. Eloy of the Loios, Canons… -
Henry the Navigator, Infante of Portugal (ENRICO DI NAVIGATORE, INFANTE DI PORTOGALLO)
B. at Oporto on 24 March 1394, d. at Sagres on 13 Nov. 1460. Grand Master of the Military Order of Christ, he is among the principal instigators of the… -
Henry V, Emperor (ENRICO V, IMPERATORE)
Son of the preceding and of Bertha of Savoy, b. 18 Jan. 1081, d. at Utrecht on 23 May 1123. Designated for the succession in 1098 after the revolt of his… -
Henry VI, Emperor (ENRICO VI, IMPERATORE)
Son of Frederick Barbarossa and Beatrice of Burgundy, b. in 1165, d. at Messina on 28 Sept. 1197. Named king by the Romans at the age of 3, he was associated… -
Henry VII, Emperor (ENRICO VII, IMPERATORE)
Son of Count Henry III of Luxembourg, b. between 1270 and 1280, d. at Buonconvento on 24 Aug. 1313. On the death of Albert of Habsburg (1 May 1308), through… -
Henry VIII, King of England (ENRICO VIII, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
Second son of Henry VII, b. June 28, 1491, d. Jan. 28, 1547, he became heir to the throne upon the death of his brother Arthur (1502), and king on Apr. 2… -
Henry VII, King of England (ENRICO VII, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
First king of the Tudor dynasty, b. at Pembroke Castle on 28 Jan. 1457, d. at Richmond on 21 Apr. 1509. A descendant on his mother's side from Lancaster… -
Henry VI, King of England (ENRICO VI, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
Born on 6 Dec. 1421 at Windsor, died on 21 May 1471 in the Tower of London. The only son of Henry V and Catherine of Valois, he lost his father at nine months… -
Henry V, King of England (ENRICO V, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
B. 9 Aug. 1387 at Monmouth, d. 31 Aug. 1422 at Vincennes. Having ascended the throne on the death of his father Henry IV in 1413, eager for glory he landed in… -
Henschen (Henschenius), Godefrid (HENSCKENS (HENSCHENIUS), GODEFROID)
Jesuit hagiographer, Bollandist, b. at Venray (Limburg) on 21 Jan. 1601, d. at Antwerp on 12 Sept. 1681. Assigned in 1635 as the first assistant to Fr. J.… -
Hensel, Luise
German poet, daughter of a Lutheran pastor, b. at Linum in Brandenburg on 30 March 1798, d. at Paderborn on 18 Dec. 1876. Converted to Catholicism in 1818… -
Hepburn, James
Scottish Minim, theologian, philologist and polyglot, b. at Odhanstocks, in the county of Haddington, on 14 July 1573, d. at Venice in 1621. The son of a… -
Hephaestus (ἩΦΑΣΤΟΣ) (EFESTO (ἩΦΑΣΤΟΣ))
Greek god, son of Zeus and Hera. His nature and origin are debated: he would be either the thunderbolt of Zeus become a god, and a chthonic deity, or the god… -
Hera
HERA : v. ERA. -
Hera (ERA)
Wife of Zeus, one of the most important Greek divinities. Her nature is debated: a chthonic goddess, or of the lunar light, or of the air and atmospheric… -
Heraclas, Saint (ERACLA, SANTO)
Born around 180, he studied philosophy together with Origen, by whom he was converted to Christianity and later associated by him as a coadjutor in… -
Heraclean, Biblical Version (ERACLEENSE, VERSIONE BIBLICA)
HERACLEAN, BIBLICAL VERSION: V. SIRIACHE, VERSIONI della BIBLIA. -
Heracleon (ERACLEONE)
Heretic, head of the Italian school of the Valentinians (ca. 120-80). Fragments from his commentary on the Gospel of St. John are handed down to us in the… -
Heracles (HERAKLES)
HERAKLES : v. ERACLE. -
Heracles ('Ηρακλῆς) (ERACLE ('ἩΡΑΚΛΗ͂Σ))
Hero of ancient Greece, son of Alcmene and of Zeus, who had appeared to her in the guise of her husband. Some scholars see in him an essentially Greek hero… -
Heraclianus (ERACLIANO)
A citizen of Sirmium in the 4th century, a faithful Catholic and opponent of the Arianism represented by his bishop Germinius. There survives an Alteratio… -
Heraclides of Damascus, Book of (ERACLIDE DI DAMASCO, LIBRO DI)
Under this curious title is hidden an important typology written by Nestorius in 451 before the Council of Chalcedon, but after its convocation. It is a kind… -
Heraclitus of Ephesus (ERACLITO DI EFESO)
Greek philosopher who lived approximately between 540 and 475 B.C. Of noble lineage, he displayed throughout his life, which was devoted to philosophy, an… -
Heraclius, Antipope (?) (ERACLIO, ANTIPAPA (?))
He is remembered in the Damasan poem in honor of Pope Eusebius. E. was the head of the laxist party that demanded the return of the lapsi to the Church, after… -
Heraclius I, Emperor of Byzantium (ERACLIO I, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)
He reigned from 610 to 641. He was crowned by the Byzantine patriarch Sergius. In 614 he undertook the counteroffensive against the Persians, who had… -
Heraldry (ARALDICA)
An auxiliary science of history. It derives from the word "herald," because it was the heralds' task precisely to recognize the coats of arms of knights in… -
Herbart, Johann Friedrich
Protestant philosopher and educationalist, b. at Oldenburg on 4 May 1776, d. at Göttingen on 14 Aug. 1841. A pupil, at the University of Jena, of Fichte… -
Herbert, Edward, Lord of Cherbury
Statesman, poet and philosopher, b. at Eyton (Shropshire) on 3 March 1583 (W. Windelband gives the date 1581), d. in London on 20 Aug. 1648. He studied at the… -
Herbert, Saint (ERIBERTO, SANTO)
Archbishop of Cologne, b. ca. 970 to Count Hugh of Worms, d. March 16, 1021. He attended the cathedral school of Worms and that of the monastery of Gorze near… -
Herbipolis, Diocese of (ERBIPOLI, DIOCESI DI)
ERBIPOLI, DIOCESI di: v. WÜRZBURG, DIOCESI di. -
Herborn, Nikolaus Ferber von
Franciscan theologian, b. at Herborn (Hesse) ca. 1480, d. at Toulouse on 15 April 1535. He appears in full anti-Lutheran activity in 1525. Invited to take part… -
Herculaneum (ERCOLANO)
A small town in Campania buried together with nearby Pompeii (v.) by the eruption of Vesuvius in A.D. 79 and only in the 18th century begun to be uncovered. It… -
Herculano de Carvalho e Araújo, Alexandre (HERCULANO DE CARVALHO E ARAUJO, ALEXANDRE)
Writer, poet, literary critic and the greatest Portuguese historian, b. in Lisbon on 28 March 1810 and d. at Vale de Lobos (Santarem) on 13 Sept. 1877. Forced… -
Herculanus, Saint (ERCOLANO, SANTO)
The oldest testimony concerning him is that contained in the Dialogues of St. Gregory the Great. There also exists a highly legendary Passio, elaborated after… -
Hercules (ERCOLE)
ERCOLE: v. ERACLE. -
Herder, Johann Gottfried
Critic, philosopher and theologian, b. 25 Aug. 1744 at Mohrungen (East Prussia), d. 18 Dec. 1803 at Weimar. He studied Protestant theology at Königsberg, was a… -
Hereditary Estate (ASSE EREDITARIO)
ASSE EREDITARIO: v. SUCCESSIONI. -
Hereditary Succession (SUCCESIONE EREDITARIA)
Succession, taken in its most general legal sense, indicates any transfer of rights from one subject to another. It can be extended to all the transferable… -
Heredity (EREDITARIETÀ)
Transmission from parents to children of the characteristics proper to the species, the race, the individual. This transmission takes place through the sexual… -
Heredity and Heirs (EREDITÀ E EREDI)
EREDITÀ e EREDI: v. SUCCESSIONE. -
Herem (M.A.) (HEREM (SETTANTA ἈΝΆΘΡΗΣ) (Μ.Α.))
Among the Hebrews it designated: 1) a penalty by which individuals or peoples declared objects of execration were exterminated in honor of God (Lev. 27:29); or… -
Heresy (ERESIA)
Greek word (αἴρεσις), meaning "choice," "election." SUMMARY: I. General notions. - II. In dogmatics: heresy as doctrine. - III. In morals: heresy as sin. - IV.… -
Hergenröther, Joseph
Cardinal, theologian and Church historian, b. at Würzburg on 15 Sept. 1824, d. in the Cistercian monastery of Mehretrau (Bregenz, Austria), on 3 Oct. 1890.… -
Heriger of Lobbes (ERIGERO DI LOBBES)
Benedictine abbot and writer, b. in the first half of the 10th century, d. at Lobbes (Liège) in 1007. Having entered the abbey of Lobbes in 955, he soon became… -
Hermagoras, Saint (HERMAGORAS, SANTO)
He is the first bishop in the episcopal catalogue of Aquileia; he can be assigned to around the middle of the 3rd century. Since antiquity he has been… -
Hermann, called Contractus (ERMANNO, DETTO CONTRATTO)
Benedictine (called Contractus because of the paralysis with which he was afflicted), chronicler, poet, scientist, of the abbey of Reichenau (Augia dives), on… -
Hermann Joseph of Steinfeld, Blessed (ERMANNO GIUSEPPE DI STEINFELD, BEATO)
Premonstratensian mystic, born in Cologne after 1150, died in the monastery of the Cistercian nuns at Hoven on April 4, probably in 1241. At the age of twelve… -
Hermann of Fritzlar (HERMANN DI FRITZLAR)
Ascetical writer of the 14th century, probably a layman, who composed in German the little book Blume der Beschauung und der göttlichen Übungen. It is a "hasty… -
Hermann of Lehnin (HERMANN DI LEHNIN)
Monk of the vanished Cistercian abbey of Lehnin near Berlin, who lived and composed his Vaticinium in Latin in the 13th century. Various abbots, but no monk of… -
Hermann of Schildesche (ERMANNO DI SCHILDISCHE)
Augustinian theologian and canonist of the 14th century, d. 8 July 1357. He was the first of the German Hermits to be awarded the doctoral degree. In 1320 he… -
Hermas (ERMA)
One of the Apostolic Fathers, flourishing around the middle of the 2nd century. He wrote The Shepherd, in Greek. The Muratorian Fragment attests that he was… -
Hermas, Shepherd of (ERMA FRO-DITISMO)
The coexistence in the same subject of male and female sexual glands; normal in certain invertebrates. Young classifies the anomaly, possible in the human… -
Hermenegild, Saint, Martyr (ERMENEGILDO, SANTO, MARTIRE)
Son of the Visigothic king Leovigild, in 579 he married Ingund, daughter of Sigibert, king of the Franks. Because of his wife's Catholic religion his father… -
Hermeneutics (ERMENEUTICA)
ERMENEUTICA: v. INTERPRETAZIONE. -
Hermes, Georg
Semi-rationalist philosopher and theologian, b. at Dreyervalde, near Münster, on 22 April 1775, d. at Bonn on 26 May 1831. After completing his early studies… -
Hermes, Saint, Roman Martyr (ERMETE, SANTO, MARTIRE ROMANO)
The legendary passio of St. E., inserted into that of Pope Alexander (109-16), makes him a Christian prefect of Rome, brother of a certain Teodora, martyred on… -
Hermes (Ἑρμῆς) (ERMETE (ἘΡΜΗ͂Σ))
Greek god, whose name has been derived from the piles of stones (ἐρμῶ) that were sacred to him, but others consider him pre-Hellenic and originally from… -
Hermeticism, Literary (ERMETISMO, LETTERARIO)
The term, at first used only to designate the Italian poetic movement roughly datable between the two wars, was later extended to designate a whole portion of… -
Hermeticism, Philosophical (ERMETISMO, FILOSOFICO)
A narrow spiritual current of the late Hellenistic era (3rd century AD) that takes its name from the Greek Hermes, inasmuch as he was assimilated to the… -
Hermetic Writings (ERMETICI, LIBRI)
These writings, which are probably either summaries of readings or of conversations held in restricted philosophical circles, take their name from the Greek… -
Hermias (ERMIA)
No ancient source speaks of this writer, who is known only from the title of his brief work: Hermiae philosophi irrisio gentilium philosophorum, which has come… -
Hermit and Hermits (EREMO ED EREMITANI)
EREMO ed EREMITANI: V. ANACORETA. -
Hermits of Saint Augustine (EREMITANI DI SANT'AGOSTINO)
They originated in the 13th century, when several congregations of hermits, scattered especially throughout Italy (Guglielmites, Giambonites, Brettines, Tuscan… -
Hermogenes (ERMOGENE)
Christian heretic (ca. 180-205) who, after living in Syria, where he was opposed by Theophilus of Antioch (Eusebius, Hist. eccl., IV, 24), moved to Carthage… -
Hermon
A mountain range in Lebanon. The biblical name Hermon indicates something sacred that must be kept from the gaze of the profane, as, for example, the haram for… -
Hermopolis (El-Minja) (ERMOPOLI (EL-MINJA))
Residential see of the Copts, with a Catholic bishop since 6 March 1896; today administered by the same patriarch. 10,622 faithful, 14 priests, 15 churches.… -
Hero (EROE)
From the Greek ἥρως "lord, prince," of uncertain etymology, it denotes, in general, one who raises himself above others by strength, power and nobility. The… -
Herod Agrippa I (ERODE AGRIPPA I)
ERODE AGRIPPA I: v. AGRIPPA I. -
Herod Agrippa II (ERODE AGRIPPA II)
ERODE AGRIPPA II: v. AGRIPPA II. -
Herod Antipas (ERODE ANTIPA)
ERODE ANTIPA: v. ANTIPA, JULIUS HERODES. -
Herod Atticus (ERODE ATTICO)
N. a Maratona nel 101 d. C. da Tiberio Claudio Attico Erode, che gli lasciò in eredità ingenti ricchezze. Se ne servì per procurarsi libri e maestri che lo… -
Herodians ('Ἡρωδιανοί') (ERODIANI ('ἩΡΩΔΙΑΝΌΙ'))
Mentioned together with the Pharisees in Mt. 22:16 and in Mk. 3:6; 12:13. They were not a religious sect: Flavius Josephus regards only the Pharisees… -
Herodias (ERODIADE)
Daughter of Aristobulus, son of Herod the Great. She married her uncle Herod Philip, son of Herod the Great and of Mariamne II, daughter of the high priest… -
Herod I, called the Great, King of Judea (ERODE I DETTO IL GRANDE, RE DI GIUDEA)
Son of the Idumean Antipater (v.), palace prefect of Hyrcanus II, and of the Arab Cypros, he was born ca. 73 B.C. and received an excellent education in… -
Herodium
A characteristic artificial hill with a truncated-cone shape located 6 km from Bethlehem in a south-easterly direction. Herod the Great erected there a… -
Herod Philip (ERODE FILIPPO)
ERODE FILIPPO: v. FILIPPO (ERODE). -
Heroic Act (EROICO, ATTO)
Every human act is called heroic which a person cannot perform except with extraordinary or very great moral difficulty. It is not always possible to determine… -
Heroic Act of Charity (also improperly called Heroic Vow) (ATTO EROICO DI CARITÀ)
The Sacred Congregation of Indulgences, in the Raccolta di Orazioni e Pie Opere, published in 1898, defines it as: «a spontaneous offering that the faithful… -
Herolt, Johann
Dominican preacher, b. c. 1380, probably at Nuremberg, d. during a journey at the Convent of Regensburg in Aug. 1468. H. was a zealous follower of the regular… -
Herp (Harpius, Herpius, Citharedus), Heinrich
Franciscan mystical writer, first preacher of the Brothers of the Common Life (1445-50) in Holland, then Observant Friar Minor of the province of Cologne… -
Herrad of Landsberg (Landisperg) (HERRAD DI LANDSBERG (LANDSPERG))
Abbess, b. ca. 1125-30, from the noble Alsatian family of the Landsberg; having entered the monastery of Hohenburg (Odilienberg, Alsace), she was a faithful… -
Herrera, Pedro de
Dominican theologian, b. in Seville in 1548, d. in Salamanca on 31 December 1630. A religious in Salamanca, he completed his studies in that same city and was… -
Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de
Spanish historian, b. at Cuéllar in 1549, d. at Madrid on 29 March 1625. He was in Italy in the service of Vespasian Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, after whose death… -
Hersfeld
Ancient Benedictine abbey in the province of Hessen-Nassau in Prussia. It was founded in 744 by Sturmius, a disciple of St. Boniface, in honor of the apostles… -
Hertling, Georg Friedrich von
Philosopher and politician, b. 31 Aug. 1843 in Darmstadt, d. 4 Jan. 1919 in Ruhpolding (western Bavaria). He studied at the Universities of Münster, Berlin and… -
Hertwig, Oscar
Born in Friedberg on 21 April 1849, died in Berlin on 25 October 1922. He was a pupil of Haeckel and took his degree in medicine at Bonn in 1871. He carried… -
Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph
German physicist, b. in Hamburg on 22 Feb. 1857, d. in Bonn on 1 Jan. 1894. He studied in Munich and was a pupil of H. von Helmholtz. In 1880 he obtained the… -
Hervás y Panduro, Lorenzo
Jesuit, polygraph, b. at Horcajo de Santiago (Cuenca) on 10 May 1735, d. at Rome on 24 Aug. 1809. He was professor of letters at Cáceres, of philosophy at… -
Herveo, Medelec
HERVEO, MEDELEC: V. ENRICO DI NEDELLEC. -
Herveus Natalis of Nedellec (ERVEO DI NEDELLEC)
Dominican Scholastic of the 13th-14th century. He studied at the University of Paris, obtaining there in 1307 the title of master in theology. He was… -
Herwegen, Ildefons
Benedictine abbot, promoter of the liturgical movement in Germany, b. at Junkersdorf (Cologne) on 27 Nov. 1874, d. at Maria Laach on 2 Sept. 1946. In 1895 he… -
Herzan und Harras, Franz, Count of (HERZAN UND HARRAS, FRANZ, CONTE DI)
Cardinal, b. 5 April 1735 in Prague, d. 1 June 1804 in Vienna. He studied in his native city under the Piarists and the Jesuits and in 1753 went on to the… -
Herzen, Aleksandr Ivanovič (Gercen in Russian spelling) (HERZEN, ALEKSANDR IVANOVIĆ (GERCEN NELLA GRAFIA RUSSA))
Russian politician and writer, b. in Moscow on 25 March (6 April) 1812, d. in Paris on 3 February 1870. Influenced by Saint-Simon and by other socialist… -
Herzogenburg
Abbey of the Lateran Canons Regular of St. Augustine, in Lower Austria, diocese of St. Pölten. It has charge of 16 incorporated parishes. Bishop Ulrich I of… -
Heshbon (HESEBON)
A locality 12 km from Madaba in a northerly direction, in eastern Jordan. The capital of the Amorite kingdom of Sihon, it was occupied by the Hebrews (Num.… -
Hesiod (ESIODO)
Greek poet, who probably lived in the 8th century B.C. What is known of him is deduced from his works: his father was from Cyme in Aeolis, who emigrated to… -
Hesychasm (ESICASMO)
A system characteristic of Eastern asceticism, which from the mid-14th century increasingly became synonymous with Palamism, since the early Palamites were… -
Hesychius of Alexandria (ESICHIO DI ALESSANDRIA)
Greek lexicographer, of whom nothing is available but the scanty information contained in the title of his work — which, moreover, without any serious reason… -
Hesychius of Jerusalem (ESICHIO DI GERUSALEMME)
Monk and priest, who filled the first half of the 5th century with his activity as preacher and writer; the dates of his birth and death are uncertain, but it… -
Hesychius of Miletus (ESICHIO DI MILETO)
Also called "Illustris", of c. 550, perhaps a Christian, author of a Universal History, with additions down to the early years of Justinian, preserved only in… -
Hesychius the Ascetic, Saint (ESICHIO L'ASCETA, SANTO)
Anchorite of the 8th century, easily confused with his namesake called "the Thaumaturge"; perhaps for this reason his feast (6 March) is not consistent across… -
Heteronomy (ETERONOMIA)
In ethics, heteronomy (ἔτερος = other; νόμος = law) is opposed to autonomy (v.), and denotes the character of every moral system that seeks the foundation and… -
Hethites (HITTITI)
A people today well known after the texts of el-Amarna and of Boghazköy, often mentioned in the Bible (Hebr. Hēth, plur. Hittim; also bēnē Hēth; Septuagint… -
Hettinger, Franz
Theologian and apologist, b. at Aschaffenburg on 13 Jan. 1813, d. at Würzburg on 25 Jan. 1890. He studied at Aschaffenburg, Würzburg and at the German College… -
Hetzenauer, Michael
Capuchin, biblical scholar, b. at Zell (Tyrol) on 30 Nov. 1860, d. at Rome on 4 Aug. 1928. Professor of Sacred Scripture in the study house of his Order at… -
Heusden, Giovanni Vos van (HEUSDEN GIOVANNI VOS, DI)
HEUSDEN GIOVANNI Vos, di: v. vos GIOVANNI di HEUSDEN. -
Hevila (HEVILA)
A region (v. EDEN) abounding in gold, aromatic gum and precious stones, where the river Phison flowed (Gen. 2:11). The name is recalled as that of a descendant… -
Hevites (HEVEI)
A people settled in the land of Canaan and always included in the list of the whole group of peoples dwelling in the land before the Israelite conquest (Ex. 2… -
Hexachord (ESACORDO)
A system, or musical scale, of six sounds adopted around the 11th century in musical teaching, together with the monosyllables ut re mi fa sol la. The… -
Hexaemeron (ESAMERONE)
Technical word indicating the biblical narrative (Gen. 1-2, 3) of the work of creation, presented as having taken place in six days (ἡξ. = "six", ἡμέρα =… -
Hexapla (ESAPLE)
With this word, which means "sixfold," Christian antiquity designated the colossal work of Origen (v.), who transcribed, or had transcribed, the entire Old… -
Hexateuch (ESATEUCO)
Name given by many modern Protestant and rationalist critics (Ewald, Knobel, Kuench, Wellhausen, Holzinger, Driver, Cornill, Gautier, etc.) to the complex of… -
Hexham and Newcastle, Diocese of (HEXHAM E NEWCASTLE, DIOCESI DI)
In the province of Liverpool (England). The diocese has an area of 7,700 sq km with a population of 2,242,701 inhabitants, of whom 247,234 are Catholics… -
Heylen, Thomas-Louis
Bishop of Namur, b. 5 February 1856 at Casterlé-lez-Turnhout (Antwerp), d. 27 October 1941 at Namur. A Premonstratensian in the abbey of Tongerloo (1875) and… -
Heynlin, Johannes von Stein (Johannes de Lapide)
Carthusian theologian and scholar, b. at Stein in Baden between 1430 and 1433, d. at Basel on 12 March 1496. He taught first philosophy and then theology in… -
Heywood, John
Musician and playwright, who lived between 1497 and 1578. Born perhaps at Stock, near Chelmsford, died at Louvain. He studied at Oxford; from 1519 to 1528 he… -
Heywood, Thomas
English playwright and miscellaneous writer, b. in Lincolnshire into a well-to-do family; he lived between 1573 and Aug. 1641. He studied at Cambridge and soon… -
Hibbert Journal
Monthly journal founded in London in 1902, as an offshoot of the Hibbert Foundation (Hibbert Trust). This was established with a capital of 50,000 dollars… -
Hibernon, Andrés, Blessed (HIBERNON, ANDRÉS, BEATO)
Franciscan, b. in 1534 at Alcantarilla near Murcia, d. April 18, 1602. In 1556, having suffered a robbery that revealed to him the vanity of wealth, he entered… -
Hickey (Higuaeus), Antony
Irish theologian, b. in County Clare at Thomond in 1586, d. in Rome on 26 June 1641. A Franciscan (1607) at the Irish College of St. Anthony in Louvain, he… -
Hidden Compensation (COMPENSAZIONE OCCULTA)
Secret compensation consists in taking or retaining, without the debtor's knowledge, as much as suffices for the recovery or compensation of what the latter is… -
Hieraca (IERACA)
An ascetic in Egypt (near Leontopolis), who lived in the 3rd century. The principal source of current knowledge is Epiphanius (Haeres., 67; cf. also 55, 6; 69… -
Hierarchia Catholica
Title given by the Conventual father C. Eubel (v.) to his critical collection of the chronological episcopal lists of all Catholic episcopal sees. The author… -
Hierocles (IEROCLE)
IEROCLE: v. GEROCLE di SOSSIANO. -
Hierography, Hierology, Hierosophy (IEROGRAFIA, IEROLOGIA, IEROSOFIA)
IEROGRAFIA, IEROLOGIA, IEROSOFIA: v. GOBLET D'ALVIELLA, EUGÈNE. -
Hierophant (IEROFANTE)
IEROFANTE: v. ELEUSINI, MISTERI. -
Higginson, Teresa Helena
Mystic, born in 1844 to Catholic parents. In 1854 she entered a convent in Nottingham, where she remained for 10 years and made her first Communion at Easter… -
High Church ("Chiesa Alta") (HIGH CHURCH («CHIESA ALTA»))
With this designation in the 17th and 18th centuries, that is, before the "Oxford movement" (1833), those Anglicans are indicated who, faithful to the… -
Hijrah (HIĞRAH)
HIĞRAH: v. EĞIRA.