2,062 articles
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English index · Indice italiano
Bally (Bailly), Philibert-AlbertVol. II, p. 448 BALLY (BAILLY), PHILIBERT-ALBERT. – Theologian, born at Grésy-sur-Aire (Savoy) in 1605, died at Aosta in 1691. Secretary to the Duke of Savoy Vittorio Amedeo…
Balmes Library(BIBLIOTECA BALMES)Vol. II, p. 498 BIBLIOTECA BALMES. – A centre of higher religious culture founded by Fr. Ignasi Casanovas (v.) Jesuit in 1923 as a section of the Foment de Pietat (an…
Balmes, JaimeVol. II, p. 449 BALMES, JAIME. — Philosopher, apologist, sociologist, and politician, born at Vich, in Catalonia, on 28 August 1810, and died there on 9 July 1848. Having…
BalsamoVol. II, p. 450 BALSAM. - An unguent much used by pagans and therefore disapproved by Christians. Nevertheless, from the fourth century onward there is evidence of the…
Balsamo, FerdinandoVol. II, p. 450 BALSAMO, FERDINANDO. — Priest, born in Roziano Gravina on 7 September 1826, died in Cosenza on 7 November 1869. Under Bourbon rule, he combined pastoral zeal…
Balsamo, PaoloVol. II, p. 450 BALSAMO, PAOLO. - Priest and economist, b. at Termini Imerese on 4 March 1764, d. 4 Sept. 1816. Having entered the archiepiscopal seminary of Palermo, he was…
Balsamon, TeodoroVol. II, p. 450 BALSAMON, TEODORO. - One of the best-known canonists of the dissident Greek Church, born around the middle of the twelfth century in Costantinopoli and died…
BaltimoreVol. II, p. 452 BALTIMORE - Timber basin in the commercial port. (Int. U.S.) On 8 April 1808, Pius VII, by the brief Pontificii muuensis, elevated B. to a metropolitan see,…
Baltimore, Archdiocese of(BALTIMORA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 451 BALTIMORA, ARCHDIOCESE of. — The metropolitan see of the United States of America, it was for the country almost the cradle of Catholicism and the centre of…
Baltimore, George CalvertVol. II, p. 452 BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT. – English statesman and first lord of his title, born at Kipling in Yorkshire around 1580, died on 15 April 1632 in London. He…
Baltzer, Johann BaptistVol. II, p. 453 BALTZER, JOHANN BAPTIST. – Theologian, b. at Andernach-sur-le-Rhin on 16 July 1803 and d. at Bonn on 1 October 1871. A disciple of Hermes, he taught his…
Balue, GiovanniVol. II, p. 453 BALUE, GIOVANNI. – Angevin cardinal. Born at Angle-Luçon in Biton in 1421, died at Ripatransone in the Marches on 5 December 1491. Of extremely humble origin,…
Baluffi, GaetanoVol. II, p. 453 BALUFFI, GAETANO. — Cardinal, bishop of Imola, born in Ancona on 28 March 1788, died in Imola on 11 November 1866. Ordained a priest in 1813, vicar general in…
Baluze, Étienne(BALUZE, ETIENNE)Vol. II, p. 453 BALUZE, ETIENNE. — French scholar, born in Tulle on 24 November 1630, died in Paris on 28 June 1718. He initially studied civil law without passion or success,…
Balzac, Honoré deVol. II, p. 454 BALZAC, HONORÉ de. — French writer, b. at Tours on 20 May 1799, and d. at Paris on 18 Aug. 1850. He studied law and attempted to practise as a lawyer, but,…
Balzac, Jean-Louis Guez deVol. II, p. 454 BALZAC, JEAN-LOUIS GUEZ de. - French writer, b. in 1597 and d. in 1654, and one of the most brilliant writers in the French literary world of the first half of…
Balzola, GiovanniVol. II, p. 455 BALZOLA, GIOVANNI. — Salesian missionary and explorer. Born on 1 February 1864 at Villa Miroglio (Cuneo), died at Barcellos on 17 August 1927. At the age of…
Bamah (Heb. "height"; plural Bāmāth)(BAMÁH (EBR. «ALTURA»; PLURALE BĀMĀTH))Vol. II, p. 455 BAMÁH (Hebr. “height”; plural bāmāth). — In biblical language, these are places of worship—both idolatrous and Yahwistic—often erected on natural or artificial…
Bamako, Apostolic Vicariate of(BAMAKO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 455 BAMAKO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE di. - The vicariate in French West Africa, Sudan, was created in 1921 by division of the pre-existing vicariate of the Sahara,…
Bambacari, Cesare NicolaVol. II, p. 456 BAMBACARI, CESARE NICOLA. - An able preacher and ascetical writer, born at Lucca on 13 June 1647, died there on 16 March 1725. At the age of seventeen he…
Bamberg, Archdiocese of(BAMBERGA (BAMBERG), ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 456 BAMBERGA (BAMBERG), ARCHDIOCESE of. — In Bavaria; it comprises Upper Franconia, the north of Central Franconia, part of Lower Franconia and the Upper…
Bambozzi, Benvenuto, Venerable(BAMBOZZI, BENVENUTO, VENERABILE)Vol. II, p. 460 BAMBOZZI, BENVENUTO, venerable.—Conventual Friar Minor, born at Cerignano (Osimo) on 23 March 1809, professed religious on 9 December 1833, ordained a priest…
Banaiah (Heb. Bēnāyāh[ā])(BANAIA (EBR. BĒNĀJĀH[Ā]))Vol. II, p. 460 BANAIA (Hebr. Bēnājāh[ā]). — Son of the priest Ioiada, the most illustrious of the thirty warriors who constituted David’s bodyguard (II Sam. 23, 20 ff.; I…
BancaVol. II, p. 460 BANKING. — By b., in general, are meant those institutions which, although they do not directly produce material goods or services capable of satisfying human…
Bancalari, Michele AlbertoVol. II, p. 463 BANCALARI, MICHELE ALBERTO. - Piarist physicist, b. at Chiavari on 20 Feb. 1805, d. at Genova on 10 Aug. 1864. He taught physics and mathematics in various…
Banchi, SerafinoVol. II, p. 463 BANCHI, SERAFINO. – Dominican writer, born in Florence in the second half of the 1500s, died in Paris. BANCO - Carved wooden bench of the Collegio del Cambio.…
Banco (Ger. med. Panch, Lat. med. Banchum, Fr. Banc)(BANCO (TED. MED. PANCH, LAT. MED. BANCHUM, FRANC. BANC))Vol. II, p. 463 BANCO (med. Ger. panch, med. Lat. banchum, Fr. banc). — A movable seat used since antiquity, consisting of a plank supported on two or four legs, with lateral…
Bandelio, Matteo(BANDELLO, MATTEO)Vol. II, p. 464 BANDELLO, MATTEO. – Novelist, born at Castelnuovo sulla Scrivia around 1485. At a very young age, perhaps in Rome, he entered the Dominican Order, whose master…
Bandinelli, BaccioVol. II, p. 465 BANDINELLI, BACCIO. — Sculptor, born in Florence in 1488, died there on 6 or 10 February 1560. An artist of very uneven merit, he was trained in the pictorial…
Bandinelli, RolandoVol. II, p. 465 BANDINELLI, ROLANDO: v. ALESSANDRO III, PAPA.
Bandini (Bandulovich), MarcoVol. II, p. 466 BANDINI (BANDULOVICH), MARCO. – Franciscan archbishop, perhaps of Italian origin, born in Skoplje, Serbia, in an unknown year and died at Bacău in 1650. His…
Bandini, GiovanniVol. II, p. 465 BANDINI, GIOVANNI. - Sculptor, b. at Castello (Florence) perhaps in 1540, d. at Florence on 16 Apr. 1599, called Giovanni dell'Opera because he worked in the…
Bandini, OttavioVol. II, p. 466 BANDINI, OTTAVIO. – Cardinal, born in Florence, died in Rome on 1 August 1629. He graduated in law at Pisa. Having gone to Rome, he was appointed apostolic…
Bandjermasin, Apostolic Vicariate Of(BANDJERMASIN, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 466 BANDJERMASIN, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - The first mission station (Laham), founded in 1907 by the Capuchins of the apostolic vicariate of Dutch Borneo, became…
Bandung, Apostolic Vicariate Of(BANDOENG, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 466 BANDOENG, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - Since February 1927 the Order of the Holy Cross (Crocigeri) has promoted the systematic evangelization of the natives of…
Banduri, AnselmoVol. II, p. 466 BANDURI, ANSELMO. - Benedictine and learned Byzantinist, born at Ragusa in Dalmatia in 1671, died at Paris in 1743. He pursued his studies in Italy, where at…
Bangalore, Diocese of(BANGALORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 467 BANGALORE, DIOCESE of. – Suffragan of Pondichéry, entrusted to the indigenous secular clergy, and erected in 1940 with territory detached from the diocese of…
Bangha, Adalberto (Béla)Vol. II, p. 467 BANGHA, ADALBERTO (BÉLA). — Hungarian Jesuit, born in Nyitra in 1880, entered the Society in 1895, died in Budapest on 28 April 1940. He acquired great fame as…
BangkokVol. II, p. 467 BANGKOK – The royal pagoda. 61 catechists. Three-fifths of the Catholics of the diocese live in Bangalore, a city of 300,000 inhabitants. There are 45…
Bangkok, Apostolic Vicariate of(BANGKOK, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 467 BANGKOK, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — The mission was established as an independent entity in 1662 and subsequently extended to the territory of Singapore (1827)…
Bangor, Controversy Of(BANGOR, CONTROVERSIA DI)Vol. II, p. 468 BANGOR, CONTROVERSY of. — After the English Revolution of 1688, which expelled the Stuarts, and after the separation of the so-called Non-Jurors, who, having…
Bangueolo, Apostolic Vicariate of(BANGUEOLO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 468 BANGUEOLO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — This vicariate, entrusted to the White Fathers, was erected on 28 January 1913, its territory having been detached from…
Bangui, Apostolic Vicariate Of(BANGUI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 468 BANGUI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — New name given in 1940 to the Apostolic Vicariate of Ubangui-Chari, in French Equatorial Africa, following the detachment of…
Banja Luka, Diocese Of(BANJALUKA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 468 BANJALUKA, DIOCESE of. — City of Bosnia (22,177 inhabitants), capital of the Banate of Urbas (area 20,436 sq. km., population approx. 1,008,000 inhabitants)…
Bank Loan for Use(COMODATO BANCARIO)Vol. IV, p. 68 COMODATO BANCARIO. — More commonly it is called pseudo-c. or the bank loan of securities. Pseudo-c., because, while on the one hand it has certain aspects…
Banka And Billiton, Apostolic Prefecture Of(BANKA E BILLITON, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. II, p. 469 BANKA e BILLITON, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE di. - Systematic evangelization began in 1912, when the islands of B. and B. (the Dutch East Indies), together with…
Bankruptcy(FALLIMENTO)Vol. V, p. 590 FALLIMENTO. — By this name (from Lat. fallere = to fail), one denotes the act of a person who, being unable to satisfy all his debts, assigns his assets so…
Banner, Liturgical Use Of The(BANDIERA, USO LITURGICO DELLA)Vol. II, p. 465 BANDIERA, LITURGICAL use of the. - From the 10th century onward, b. were permitted as ornaments in sacred processions, where they precede the cortège or are…
Bannesianism(BANNESIANESIMO)Vol. II, p. 469 BANNESIANESIMO. – This is the theological school of thought associated with Bañez (v.), generally characterized by rigorous adherence to the principles of…
Banns of Marriage(PUBBLICAZIONI MATRIMONIALI)Vol. X, p. 176 MARRIAGE PUBLICATIONS. — These are the means by which the Church wishes the intention of two faithful persons to contract the marriage bond with each other to…
Banquet, Scenes Of(BANCHETTO, SCENE DI)Vol. II, p. 463 BANCHETTO, SCENE di. – It cannot yet be said that convivial scenes in early Christian art have received a definitive interpretation. Iconographically, it is…
Banská Bystrica(BANSKA BYSTRICA)Vol. II, p. 470 BANSKA BYSTRICA: V. NEOSOLIO.
Bantu(BÀNTU)Vol. II, p. 470 BÀNTU. — This designation encompasses many tribes of the southern part of Africa that are neither culturally nor racially homogeneous. It is, in fact, an…
Baouardy, MariaVol. II, p. 471 BAOUARDY, MARIA. – In religion Maria di Gesù Crocifisso, Discalced Carmelite, born at Abellin (Greek-Melkite diocese of S. Giovanni d'Acri) on 5 January 1846,…
Baptism(BATTESIMO)Vol. II, p. 592 BAPTISM. - One of the seven Sacraments instituted by Jesus Christ, the first that can be received and which makes it possible to receive all the others:…
Baptism of Dissidents(BATTESIMO DEI DISSIDENTI)Vol. II, p. 615 BATTESIMO dei DISSIDENTI. – By dissidents are meant here those who belong either to the separated Eastern Churches or to communities or sects derived from the…
Baptism of Heretics(BATTESIMO DEGLI ERETICI)Vol. II, p. 615 Baptism of Heretics: v. CIPRIANO, saint; DONATISTS.
Baptism of Jesus(BATTESIMO DI GESÙ)Vol. II, p. 615 BAPTISM of JESUS. — The scene narrated by the Synoptics (Mt. 3:13–17; Mk. 1:9–13; Lk. 3:21–22) and mentioned by John (Io. 1:32–34) can easily be reconstructed…
Baptism of John(BATTESIMO DI GIOVANNI)Vol. II, p. 616 BAPTISM OF GIOVANNI. — This is the baptism which the precursor (hence the epithet “baptist” = “baptizer”) administered on the banks of the Jordan, inviting the…
Baptismal Font(FONTE BATTESIMALE)Vol. V, p. 889 FONTE BATTESIMALE. – In Christian antiquity, when the Sacrament of Baptism was administered by immersion, the f. b., generally enclosed in a separate building…
Baptistery(BATTISTERO)Vol. II, p. 617 BATTISTERO. – The word is used by Pliny the Younger with the meaning of a bathing pool (Ep., II, 17, 11), and is likewise employed in the same sense by…
Baqavat (Al-)Vol. II, p. 471 BAQAVAT (al-). — Modern name given to the necropolis of the city of Hibis ('1842), metropolis of the Great Oasis. The first scholars who described it (cf. W.…
Bar Ebreo, GregorioVol. II, p. 501 BAR EBREO, GREGORIO. — Jacobite Syriac writer, born at Melitene in 1226, died at Marāghah in 1286. His baptismal name was Giovanni, later changed to that of…
Bar Iesu (Βαρησοῦς: "son of Jesus")(BAR IESU (ΒΑΡΙΗΣΟΎΣ: « FIGLIO DI GESÙ »))Vol. II, p. 506 BAR IESU (Βαριησούς: “son of Jesus”). — A Jew devoted to magic, a “false prophet” surnamed Elymas ('Εὐχάς'), a term of Arabic origin ('alim', “wise man,” plur.…
Bar Iona (Bariona)(BAR IONA (ΒΑΡΙΩΝΑ͂Σ))Vol. II, p. 507 BAR IONA (Βαριωνᾶς). — A patronymic surname of the apostle Simon surnamed Peter (Mt. 16:17); it is an Aramaic form (bar Jōnā), to be translated “son of Jonah,”…
Bar KōkhēbhāVol. II, p. 508 BAR KŌKHĒBHĀ. – Leader of the last revolt of the Jews under the emperor Hadrian. His name has come down to us in different forms. The Christian sources call…
Bar QapparaVol. II, p. 530 BAR QAPPARA. – Palestinian rabbi (beginning of the 3rd century A.D.), one of the oldest disciples of R. Jehudhah han-Nâsi, whom he assisted in the compilation…
Bar Sūdajlē, StefanoVol. II, p. 539 BAR SŪDAJLĒ, STEFANO. – A Syrian Monophysite writer, born in Edessa in the second half of the fifth century. He later lived as a monk in his native city. In…
Bar Ṣalibi(BAR ŞALİBİ)Vol. II, p. 538 BAR ŞALİBİ: V. DIONISIO BAR ŞALİBİ.
Bar-Kochba(BAR-COCHÉBA)Vol. II, p. 499 BAR-COCHÉBA: v. BAR KÖKHÉBHÁ.
Barabbas (in Aramaic means "son of the father"; spelling uncertain in the Greek text)(BARABBA (IN ARAMAICO SIGNIFICA «FIGLIO DEL PADRE»; ORTOGRAFIA INCERTA NEL TESTO GRECO))Vol. II, p. 471 BARABBA (in Aramaic it means “son of the father”; spelling uncertain in the Greek text). - A criminal whose release the Jews requested from Pilate, thereby…
Barabino, CarloVol. II, p. 471 BARABINO, CARLO. — Architect, born in Genoa on 11 February 1768, died there on 3 September 1835. In Rome he received from Barbieri the academic and eclectic…
Barabino, NiccolòVol. II, p. 471 BARABINO, NICCOLÒ. - Painter, born in Sampierdarena in 1832, died in Florence in 1891. Gifted with extraordinary facility in fresco and oil painting, he…
Barachiah (Heb. Berekhjāh[ā] = "blessed by Jahweh")(BARACHIA (EBR. BEREKHJĀH[Ā] = «BENEDETTO DA JAHWEH»))Vol. II, p. 472 BARACHIA (Hebr. Berekhjāh[ā] = “Blessed by Yahweh”). — Name of eight biblical figures: a son of Zerubbabel (I Par. 3:20), the father of Asaph (ibid. 6:39;…
BaradaiVol. II, p. 472 BARADAI: V. GIACOMO BARADAI.
Baraga, FriedrichVol. II, p. 472 BARAGA, FRIEDRICH. - One of the greatest missionaries of modern North America and first bishop of Marquette. Born on 29 June 1797 at Kleindorf in Carniola…
Barak (Heb. Bāraq "lightning")(BARAC (EBR. BĀRAQ «FULMINE»))Vol. II, p. 472 BARAC (Heb. bāraq, “lightning”). - Associate of Debora (v.), son of Abinoam, born at Cades of Nephtali (Iudc. 4, 5). Summoned by Debora, in the name of Jahweh,…
Baralli, RaffaelloVol. II, p. 473 BARALLI, RAFFAELLO. — Musician, born in Comigliano (Lucca) on 25 June 1862, died in 1922. A priest, he devoted himself actively to Gregorian chant, teaching at…
Baranović, LazzaroVol. II, p. 473 BARANOVIĆ, LAZZARO. - Russian preacher of the 17th century, archbishop of Cernigov from 1657, d. 1693. The date of his birth is unknown. A native of Little…
Baranzano, Redento Giovanni AntonioVol. II, p. 473 BARANZANO, REDENTO GIOVANNI ANTONIO. – Barnabite philosopher and scientist, born in Serravalle Sesia (Biella) in 1590 and died in Montargis (Loiret) on 23…
Baratta, CarloVol. II, p. 473 BARATTA, CARLO. - Salesian educator and sociologist, born at Druogno (Novara) on 10 Oct. 1861, died at Salsomaggiore on 23 Apr. 1909. Received into the Society…
Baratta, FrancescoVol. II, p. 473 BARATTA, FRANCESCO. – Sculptor, born in Massa Carrara (ca. 1590), died in 1666 in Rome, where he was a collaborator of G. L. Bernini. His most significant…
Baratta, PietroVol. II, p. 473 BARATTA, PIETRO. – Sculptor, who lived in Venice between the end of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th. He reacted against the ostentatious…
Barbalonga, AntonioVol. II, p. 479 BARBALONGA, ANTONIO. - Painter to the Alberti family, born in Messina in 1600, died in 1649. In his youth he came to Rome, where he was a fol- lower of…
Barbara, Saint, Martyr(BARBARA, SANTA, MARTIRE)Vol. II, p. 479 BARBARA, saint, martyr. — No historical memories worthy of credence have been preserved concerning the life and martyrdom of B. The Passio is a late…
Barbari, Jacopo de'Vol. II, p. 484 BARBARI, JACOPO de': v. DE' BARBARI, JACOPO.
Barbarian Laws(LEGGI BARBARICHE)Vol. VII, p. 648 BARBARIC LAWS. – In the strict sense, excluding therefore the Romano-barbarian laws (v.), the term barbaric laws refers to those laws (also called Germanic or…
Barbarians(BARBARI)Vol. II, p. 480 BARBARI. — The word, Greek in origin, initially meant those who stammered, that is, those who spoke a language other than Greek, and was therefore also applied…
Barbaric Art(BARBARICA, ARTE)Vol. II, p. 484 BARBARICA, ARTE. – The designation “barbarian art” comprises the artistic manifestations of the northern peoples, and in particular of those of Germanic…
Barbarigo, Gregorio, Blessed(BARBARIGO, GREGORIO, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 487 BARBARIGO, GREGORIO, blessed. — Born in Venice to Gian Francesco and Lucrezia Leoni on 16 September 1625, he died in Padua on 18 June 1697. Having completed…
Barbarigo, Marco AntonioVol. II, p. 488 BARBARIGO, MARCO ANTONIO. – Cardinal, archbishop of Corfu from 1678 to 1685, bishop of Montefiascone and Corneto (Tarquinia) from 1687 to 1706. Born in Venice…
Barbaro, Ermolao (Senior)(BARBARO, ERMOLAO (SENIORE))Vol. II, p. 488 BARBARO, ERMOLAO (SENIORE). - Son of Zaccaria, brother of Francesco, the celebrated humanist and statesman, b. in Venice around 1410, d. there on 12 March…
Barbaro, Ermolao (the Younger)(BARBARO, ERMOLAO (IUNIORE))Vol. II, p. 488 BARBARO, ERMOLAO (IUNIORE). — Nephew of the homonymous bishop of Verona, born in Venice to Zaccaria in 1453, died in Rome on 21 May 1493. Between 1460 and 1470…
Barbaro, FrancescoVol. II, p. 489 BARBARO, FRANCESCO. — A most distinguished humanist and statesman, born in Venice around 1398 to the senator Candiano, and died there in the second half of…
Barbastro, Diocese of(BARBASTRO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 489 BARBASTRO, DIOCESE of. - In the northern part of Spain, in the province of Huesca, suffragan of Saragozza. Situated on the last foothills of the Pyrenees, 332…
Barbato, Saint(BARBATO, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 489 BARBATO, saint. - Born at Cerreto at the beginning of the 7th cent., died on 19 Febr. 682. His life, written in the 9th cent., is legendary. He succeeded…
Barbattelli, Bernardino(BARBATELLI, BERNARDINO)Vol. II, p. 489 BARBATELLI, BERNARDINO: v. POCCETTI.
BarbazianoVol. II, p. 490 BARBAZIANO. – A Milanese monk of the time of s. Ambrogio. He left the monastery founded by the Saint in Milan to take refuge in Vercelli, from where he…
Barbaziano, Saint(BARBAZIANO, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 490 BARBAZIANO, saint. — His cult was centered in Ravenna and Emilia in the ninth century, when a native of Ravenna wrote a life of him that has no historical…
BarbelitiVol. II, p. 490 BARBELITI. - Also called Barbelioti by Ireneo and Teodoreto, they were one of the principal Gnostic sects of the 2nd and 3rd centuries. They derived their name…
Barbera, MarioVol. II, p. 490 BARBERA, MARIO. – Jesuit and writer, born in Mineo (Catania) on 17 April 1877, died in Rome on 5 November 1947. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1891 and,…
Barberi, Bartolomeo (Bartolomeo da Castelvetro)Vol. II, p. 490 BARBERI, BARTOLOMEO (BARTOLOMEO da CASTELVETRO). - The most illustrious interpreter of Bonaventurian thought among the Capuchins of his time, born at…
Barberi, DomenicoVol. II, p. 491 BARBERI, DOMENICO: V. DOMENICO DELLA MADRE DI DIO.
Barberini, Family(BARBERINI, FAMIGLIA)Vol. II, p. 491 BARBERINI, FAMIGLIA. — Celebrated family of Tuscan origin. Enriched through commerce, it changed its original name of Tafani to that of B., taken from the…
Barberis, AlbertoVol. II, p. 492 BARBERIS, ALBERTO. - Neo-Scholastic philosopher, of the Congregation of the Mission, b. at Monferrato on 14 Jan. 1847, d. at Piacenza, in the Alberoni College,…
Barbero, DomenicoVol. II, p. 492 BARBERO, DOMENICO. - Missionary of the Milan Institute for Foreign Missions, and the first Italian apostolic vicar of Hyderabad (Deccan, India). Born at…
Barbey d'Aurevilly, JulesVol. II, p. 492 BARBEY D'AUREVILLY, JULES. - French writer, b. at Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte in 1868, d. in Paris in 1889. A personal and effective novelist, he took a stand…
Barbi, MicheleVol. II, p. 492 BARBI, MICHELE. - Philologist and man of letters, born at Sambuca pistoiese in 1867, died at Firenze in 1941. Formerly a librarian in Firenze, in 1906 he…
Barbier de Montault, Xavier-Marie-JosephVol. II, p. 493 BARBIER DE MONTAULT, XAVIER-MARIE-JOSEPH. – French scholar, born at Loudun on 6 February 1830, died at Blaslay on 29 March 1901. Having gone to Rome at the age…
Barbieri (de Barberis), FilippoVol. II, p. 493 BARBIERI (DE BARBERIS), FILIPPO. - Dominican theologian, born at Siracusa circa 1426, died at Palermo in 1487. He taught theology at Catania. From 1476 to 1486…
Barbieri, CleliaVol. II, p. 493 BARBIERI, CLELIA. — Foundress, with Clara Donati, of the Minime dell'Addolorata (v.), born in Bologna on 13 February 1847, and died there on 13 July 1870. Her…
Barbieri, GiuseppeVol. II, p. 493 BARBIERI, GIUSEPPE. - Preacher, b. at Bassano veneto in 1774 and d. at Padova in 1852. He was a Benedictine monk and professor at the University of Padova,…
Barbo, LudovicoVol. II, p. 493 BARBO, LUDOVICO. — Reformer of Benedictine monastic life and distinguished ascetical writer, b. in Venice in 1381 or 1382, d. there in September 1443, in the…
Barbo, MarcoVol. II, p. 494 BARBO, MARCO. — Cardinal, born in Venice around 1420, died in Rome on 2 March 1491. Related to Paolo II, whose surname he bore, he held under him, when he was…
Barbo, PaoloVol. II, p. 494 BARBO, PAOLO. — Philosopher and theologian, born in Soncino (Crema), and therefore also called Soncinas. Having entered the Dominican Order while still young,…
Barbosa Machado, DiegoVol. II, p. 494 BARBOSA MACHADO, DIEGO. - Writer and bibliographer of Portugal, born in Lisbon in 1682, died in the abbey of St. Adrian of Sever in 1772. With his four volumes…
Barbosa, AgostinhoVol. II, p. 494 BARBOSA, AGOSTINHO. - Canon lawyer, b. at Guimarães (Portugal) on 17 Sept. 1590. He took his doctorate in utroque iure at Coimbra, and shortly afterwards went…
Barbour, JohnVol. II, p. 497 BARBOUR, JOHN. - Scottish poet, archdeacon of Aberdeen, b. c. 1316, d. 1395. He perhaps studied at Oxford and Paris. In 1375 he wrote the patriotic poem The…
Barcellona, AntoninoVol. II, p. 499 BARCELLONA, ANTONINO. - Oratorian theologian, b. in Palermo on 22 Nov. 1726, d. there on 28 June (5 May, according to A. Narbone) 1805. Having entered the…
Barcellona, Diocese of(BARCELLONA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 497 BARCELLONA, DIOCESI OF. — Of the Celtic-Iberian or Carthaginian city of B., the Barcino of the Roman era, the documents remain silent even in the 3rd century.…
Barclay, AlexanderVol. II, p. 499 BARCLAY, ALEXANDER. - Scottish poet, b. in 1475, d. at Croydon (Surrey) in 1552. It is disputed whether he pursued his studies at Oxford or at Cambridge;…
Barclay, WilliamVol. II, p. 499 BARCLAY, WILLIAM. — Scottish jurist and theologian, b. at Aberdeen around 1543 and d. at Angers on 3 July 1608. After having spent his youth at the Scottish…
Barcos, Martino deVol. II, p. 499 BARCOS, MARTINO de. — Jansenist theologian, born at Bayonne in 1600 and died on 22 August 1678. Nephew of Jean du Vergier de Hauranne, the celebrated abbot of…
Bardel, ClaudeVol. II, p. 500 BARDEL, CLAUDE. - Bishop, b. at Thiers on 23 Feb. 1851, d. at Séez on 16 Feb. 1926. Ordained priest in 1874, vicar general of the dioceses of Clermont and…
Bardenhewer, OttoVol. II, p. 500 BARDENHEWER, OTTO. – Born on 16 March 1851 in München-Gladbach (Rhineland), died in Munich on 23 March 1935. He studied theology and Oriental languages at…
Bardesanes(BARDESANE)Vol. II, p. 500 BARDESANES. - Gnostic, born, according to the Chronicle of Edessa, in 154 and died, according to the Chronicle of Michael the Syrian, in 222 (cf. F. Nau,…
Bardi, GirolamoVol. II, p. 501 BARDI, GIROLAMO. - Physician, born at Rapallo in 1600 into a distinguished Genoese family. In 1619 he became a Jesuit, but after five years, for reasons of…
Bardili, Christoph GottfriedVol. II, p. 501 BARDILI, CHRISTOPH GOTTFRIED. - German philosopher, b. at Blaubeuren in Württemberg on 18 May 1761, d. at Mergelstetten on 5 June 1808. He wrote on philosophy…
Bardone di Oppershofen, Saint(BARDONE DI OPPERSHOFEN, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 501 BARDONE di OPPERSHOFEN, saint. — Archbishop of Mainz, born around 980. A monk in the great abbey of Fulda, and subsequently abbot of several monasteries, he…
BardstownVol. II, p. 501 BARDSTOWN: v. LOUISVILLE.
Baretti, GiuseppeVol. II, p. 502 BARETTI, GIUSEPPE. — Polygraph, born in Turin on 25 April 1719, died in London on 5 May 1789. At Guastalla he received from Carlo Cantoni his first literary…
BargaVol. II, p. 503 BARGA. - In the province of Lucca, made known by Pascoli, who is buried there. The principal monument is the Cathedral, Romanesque in style, built in several…
Bargellini, GiulioVol. II, p. 503 BARGELLINI, GIULIO. - Painter, b. in Firenze on 14 Feb. 1875, d. in Roma in 1936. Even in an age of rampant realism, he remained faithful to a deliberately…
Barhadbēsabbā(BARHADBÈSABBĀ)Vol. II, p. 504 BARHADBÈSABBĀ. — Historian and Nestorian, born at Bet Asbaje (Persia); he was a student at the school of Nisibis under the direction of Hēnānā, in the second…
Bari, Archdiocese of(BARI, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 504 BARI, ARCHDIOCESE OF. In Apulia, in the province of the same name, it has about 464,000 inhabitants, 53 parishes, 245 secular priests and 120 regular priests,…
Barigioni, FilippoVol. II, p. 507 BARIGIONI, FILIPPO. – Architect and sculptor, b. in Rome in 1690, d. there in 1753. He carried out most of his activity in Rome: his principal sculptural work…
Barili, Antonio di NeriVol. II, p. 507 BARILI, ANTONIO di NERI. - Architect and wood-carver, b. in 1453, d. in 1517 at Siena. More than in architectural works, he excelled in carving and inlay work,…
Barilli, GiuseppeVol. II, p. 507 BARILLI, GIUSEPPE. – Polygraph, soldier, and teacher, b. at Budrio on 20 April 1812, d. at Bologna on 18 December 1894. In 1848, professor of hydraulics and…
Baring, MauriceVol. II, p. 507 BARING, MAURICE. - English writer, b. in London on 27 Apr. 1874, of an aristocratic family, d. 14 Dec. 1945. He was educated at Eton, where he met Arthur…
Barisano da TraniVol. II, p. 508 BARISANO da TRANI. – Sculptor and bronze founder of the 12th century. The door of the cathedral of Trani (1175), the other door of the cathedral of Ravello…
Barisini, TommasoVol. II, p. 508 BARISINI, TOMMASO: V. TOMMASO da MODENA.
Barlaam and Ioasaph (Iosaphat)(BARLAAM E IOASAPH (IOSAPHAT))Vol. II, p. 509 BARLAAM and IOASAPH (IOSAPHAT). — These are the two principal characters in a hagiographical romance translated from Georgian into Greek by the Iberian saint…
Barlaam di SeminaraVol. II, p. 508 BARLAAM di SEMINARA. — Theologian and scientist of the 14th century, b. around 1290 at Seminara (Calabria) and d. as bishop of Gerace in 1350. Contrary to the…
Barlach, ErnstVol. II, p. 509 BARLACH, ERNST. - Sculptor and draughtsman, b. in 1870 at Wedel (Hamburg), d. at Rostock in 1938. Together with Lehmbruck, he is considered one of the most…
BarlettaVol. II, p. 509 BARLETTA. – In the province of Bari, on the Adriatic Sea. I. THE DIOCESE. — Called Baretum by Strabo, and Barulum by the Latins. In Roman times it was the port…
Barletti, CarloVol. II, p. 511 BARLETTI, CARLO. - Piarist physicist, b. at Rocca Grimalda (Alessandria) on 22 May 1735, d. at Pavia on 25 Feb. 1800. After teaching physical sciences in…
Barnaba (Bernard) of Siena(BARNA (BERNA) DA SIENA)Vol. II, p. 511 BARNA (BERNA) DA SIENA. — Painter of the Sienese school of the fourteenth century. Remembered by Ghiberti as “most excellent, most skillful, and most learned,”…
Barnaba da ModenaVol. II, p. 515 BARNABA DA MODENA. — A Modenese painter active in the second half of the fourteenth century. He is first mentioned in 1364, when he decorated the Palazzo…
Barnaba di PalmaVol. II, p. 516 BARNABA di PALMA. - Spanish Franciscan, born at Palma (Cordova) to a humble Sicilian family (whence he is also called B. di Sicilia) in 1460; died there, with…
Barnaba di San CarloVol. II, p. 516 BARNABA di SAN CARLO. — Discalced Carmelite, in the world Francesco Bertarelli, born in Melegnano (Milan), he professed in Milan in 1627 and in 1641 was sent…
Barnaba of Siena(BARNA DA SIENA)Vol. II, p. 512 BARNA DA SIENA – The Calling of Pietro and Andrea. Fresco in the collegiate church of S. Gimignano. (Anderson photograph) which Paolo always has for B. and…
Barnabas(BARNABA)Vol. II, p. 512 BARNABA. – An eminent collaborator of the Apostles, especially associated with s. Paolo. His name was Giuseppe; the Apostles surnamed him B., that is, “son of…
Barnabites(BARNABITI)Vol. II, p. 516 BARNABITI: v. CONGREGAZIONE DI S. PAOLO.
Barocci, Ambrogio, known as Ambrogio of Milan(BAROCCI, AMBROGIO, DETTO AMBROGIO DA MILANO)Vol. II, p. 522 BAROCCI, AMBROGIO, known as AMBROGIO DA MILANO. - Sculptor, son of Antonio, trained in the workshop run in Ferrara by the Mantuan Albertino de' Rasconi. In…
Barocci, FedericoVol. II, p. 522 BAROCCI, FEDERICO. — Painter, born at Urbino, according to Bellori in 1528 (according to other sources in 1535), died there on 30 September 1612. His…
Barolo, Carlo Tancredi Falletti, Marchese diVol. II, p. 525 BAROLO, CARLO TANCREDI FALLETTI, marquis of. — Philanthropist and educationalist, born in Turin on 26 October 1782 and died there on 4 September 1838. At the…
Barolo, Giulia Viturnia Francesca, Marchesa diVol. II, p. 525 BAROLO, GIULIA VITURNIA FRANCESCA, marchioness of. — Born in Vandea into the family of the minister Colbert, at his fief of Maulevrier, on 27 June 1785; died…
Baron, VincentVol. II, p. 526 BARON, VINCENT. - Preacher and controversialist, b. 17 May 1604 at Martres, d. at Paris on 21 Jan. 1674. He became a Dominican at Toulouse in 1621. A profound…
Baroncelli, NiccolòVol. II, p. 526 BARONCELLI, NICCOLÒ. — Sculptor, also called Nicolò dal Cavallo, b. in Florence, d. at Ferrara in 1453. He was a pupil of Brunelleschi; later, having gone to…
Barone, VeronicaVol. II, p. 526 BARONE, VERONICA. – Mystic, born at Vizzini (Catania) on 16 December 1856, where she died in a reputation for holiness on 4 January 1878. At Baptism she was…
Baronio, Cesare, Venerable(BARONIO, CESARE, VENERABILE)Vol. II, p. 527 BARONIO, CESARE, venerable. — Eminent cardinal and historian, born at Sora on 30 October 1538, he began his studies at Veroli, continued them at Naples on 29…
Baronius, JustusVol. II, p. 529 BARONIUS, JUSTUS. — Protestant convert, born at Xanten (Silesia) circa 1570; the year and place of his death remain unknown. Educated in a rigorous Calvinism,…
Barontius, Giovanni(BARONZIO, GIOVANNI)Vol. II, p. 529 BARONZIO, GIOVANNI. — Painter from Rimini, dead by 1362. In 1345 he signed a polyptych now in the gallery of Urbino; a crucifix signed in the same year is also…
Barontus (Baron of Berry)(BARONTUS (BARON DU BERRY))Vol. II, p. 529 BARONTUS (BARON DU BERRY). – Monk of the 7th century; belonging to a noble family, he withdrew to a monastery after turbulent experiences in life. In an…
Baroque, Art(BAROCCA, ARTE)Vol. II, p. 516 BAROCCA, ARTE. — The term “baroque,” which criticism today uses in a historical sense—that is, without any intrinsic judgment of value—to designate the art of…
Barozzi, PietroVol. II, p. 530 BAROZZI, PIETRO. — Humanist bishop, born in Venice in 1441, died in Padua on 10 January 1507. Shortly before turning thirty, he was appointed bishop of Belluno…
Barquisimeto, Diocese of(BARQUISIMETO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 530 BARQUISIMETO, DIOCESE of. - In the republic of Venezuela, State of Lara, suffragan of Santiago del Venezuela, with residence at B. Erected on 4 May 1847, it…
Barra do Piraí, Diocese of(BARRA DO PIRAÍ, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 530 BARRA DO PIRAÍ, DIOCESI di. — In Brazil, State of Rio de Janeiro; erected on 4 December 1922 from parishes of the diocese of Nictheroy, suffragan of S.…
Barra do Rio Grande, Diocese of(BARRA DO RIO GRANDE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 531 BARRA DO RIO GRANDE, DIOCESE of. — In Brazil, State of Bahia, erected as a diocese on 20 October 1913 with 19 parishes of the archdiocese of S. Salvatore di…
Barradas, ManoelVol. II, p. 530 BARRADAS, MANOEL. - Portuguese Jesuit missionary, born at Monforte (Alamtejo) in 1572, died at Cochin in India on 31 July 1646. Having entered the novitiate at…
Barradas, SebastiãoVol. II, p. 530 BARRADAS, SEBASTIÃO. – Portuguese Jesuit, born in Lisbon in 1542, entered the novitiate there (1558), died in Coimbra on 14 April 1615. Professor of Sacred…
Barral, Louis-Mathias deVol. II, p. 531 BARRAL, LOUIS-MATHIAS de. - French prelate, b. at Grenoble on 20 April 1746, d. on 6 June 1816. Having become bishop of Troyes in 1790, he refused to take the…
Barranquilla, Diocese of(BARRANQUILLA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 531 BARRANQUILLA, DIOCESE of. — In the western part of the Republic of Colombia, department of Atlántico, suffragan of Cartagena. The episcopal see is in B.,…
Barret, JohnVol. II, p. 531 BARRET, JOHN. - English Carmelite, a native of King's Lynn (Norfolk), d. 12 July 1593 at Norwich. He graduated in 1533 from the University of Cambridge. When…
Barreto, FranciscoVol. II, p. 532 BARRETO, FRANCISCO. – Portuguese missionary and Jesuit, born in Montemor-o-novo in 1599. Having departed for the Indies, he was professor of philosophy and…
Barrett, Jean ArnoldVol. II, p. 532 BARRETT, JEAN ARNOLD. - Bishop, born at Looz on 22 February 1770, died at Namur in 1835. Having completed his studies in Rome and been ordained priest, he…
Barrio y Fernández, MarianoVol. II, p. 532 BARRIO Y FERNÁNDEZ, MARIANO. — Cardinal, born in Jaca on 21 November 1805, died in Valencia on 26 November 1876. Professor of canon law at the University of…
Barron, EdwardVol. II, p. 532 BARRON, EDWARD. - First apostolic vicar of the two Guineas. B. in Ireland, at Waterford, in 1801, d. at Savannah on 12 Sept. 1854. He studied at the Urban…
Barron, Vicente(BARRÓN, VICENTE)Vol. II, p. 532 BARRÓN, VICENTE. – A Spanish Dominican, confessor of St Teresa, born about 1505. He studied at the theological college of the Dominicans in Salamanca. Around…
Barros, João deVol. II, p. 532 BARROS, JOÃO de. – Portuguese writer and historiographer, b. at Viseu in 1496, d. near Pombal in 1571. In 1520 he published the Crónica do Imperador…
Barrow, IsaacVol. II, p. 537 BARROW, ISAAC. – English Protestant mathematician and theologian, b. in London in 1630, d. there on 4 May 1677. He lived abroad for many years and studied in…
Barruel, Augustin deVol. II, p. 537 BARRUEL, AUGUSTIN de. – Jesuit publicist, born at Villeneuve-de-Berg (Ardèche) on 2 October 1741, died in Paris on 5 October 1820. He was received into the…
Barry, Paul duVol. II, p. 537 BARRY, PAUL du. – French spiritual writer, born at Leucate in 1587; he became a Jesuit in 1605, and was a preacher, rector, and provincial; he died at Avignon…
Barrès, MauriceVol. II, p. 531 BARRÈS, MAURICE. – Born in Charmes-sur-Moselle (Vosges) on 22 September 1862; died in Paris on 4 December 1923. From 1883 he began to make himself known by…
Barré, NicolasVol. II, p. 531 BARRÉ, NICOLAS. — Popular educator and ascetical writer, born at Amiens on 21 October 1621, died in Paris on 31 May 1686 in the odour of sanctity. At the age…
Barsabbas (Gr. Barasbâs, "Son of Saba or Šēbhā")(BARSABA (GR. ΒΑΡΑΣΒΑ͂Σ «FIGLIO DI SABA O ŠĒBHĀ»))Vol. II, p. 537 BARSABA (Gr. Βαρασβᾶς, “son of Saba or Šēbhā”). – Patronymic surname of two disciples of the Apostles, whom some (e.g., C. a Lapide, E. Jacquier) suppose to…
Barsanian(BARSANIANI)Vol. II, p. 538 BARSANIANI. – A Monophysite sect (v. MONOFISISMO) of the Acephali, who elected Barsanuphius (hence their name) as their leader, claiming to consecrate him…
Barsanti, EugenioVol. II, p. 538 BARSANTI, EUGENIO. — Scolopian physicist and mathematician, born at Pietrasanta on 12 October 1821, died at Seraing (Belgium) on 18 April 1864. He taught…
Barsanuphius and John, Ascetics(BARSANUFIO E GIOVANNI, ASCETI)Vol. II, p. 538 BARSANUFIO and GIOVANNI, ascetics. - B., also called Barsanupio or Barsanorio, but not to be confused with the namesake leader of the Barsanians (v.), was a…
Barsech, BasilioVol. II, p. 539 BARSECH, BASILIO. – Constantinopolitan Armenian priest, who died in Rome in 1693 and was buried in S. Maria Egiziaca, then a hospice for Armenians. He was…
Barsottini, GeremiaVol. II, p. 539 BARSOTTINI, GEREMIA. — Born in Versilia at Levigliani, in the municipality of Stazzema, on 8 May 1812. At the age of eighteen he entered the Congregation of…
Barsov, Nicola; IvanovićVol. II, p. 539 BARSOV, NICOLA; IVANOVIĆ. – A celebrated dissident Russian theologian, b. in 1838, d. in 1903. He was a master of theology and for 25 years a professor at the…
Bartas, Guillaume Salluste duVol. II, p. 539 BARTAS, GUILLAUME SALLUSTE du. — French poet, b. at Montfort near Auch in 1544, d. in Parigi in 1590. A non-intolerant Huguenot, he served Enrico di Navarra,…
