Gaume, Jean-JosephVol. V, p. 1166 GAUME, JEAN-JOSEPH. — French theologian and writer, born in Fuans (Doubs) on 5 June 1802, died in Paris on 19 November 1879. Ordained a priest in 1825,…
Gaunilo(GAUNILONE)Vol. V, p. 1167 GAUNILONE. – Benedictine monk of Marmoutiers near Tours in the second half of the 11th century. He was the son of the viscount of Tours and, before entering…
Gausleno Di SoissonsVol. V, p. 1167 GAUSLENO di SOISSONS: v. JOSCELIN di SOISSONS.
GautamaVol. V, p. 1167 GAUTAMA (GOTAMA): v. BUDDHA; BUDDHISMO.
Gautier de CoincyVol. V, p. 1167 GAUTIER de COINCY. – Benedictine and French poet, b. at Amiens in 1177, d. at Soissons in 1236. He wrote religious lyrics, among the earliest in French…
Gautier, LéonVol. V, p. 1167 GAUTIER, LÉON. – French medievalist, born in Le Havre on 8 August 1832, died in Paris on 25 August 1897. In 1852 he entered the École des Chartes, where he…
Gautier, ThéophileVol. V, p. 1167 GAUTIER, THÉOPHILE. — Poet and novelist, born at Tarbes on 30 August 1811, died in Paris on 23 October 1872. A pupil at the Parisian Collège Louis-le-Grand, he…
Gautrelet, François-XavierVol. V, p. 1168 GAUTRELET, FRANÇOIS-XAVIER. - Jesuit, b. 15 Feb. 1807 at Sampigny (Saône-et-Loire), d. 1 July 1886 at Montluçon. Spiritual director of the scholastics at Vals…
Gavanti, BartolomeoVol. V, p. 1168 GAVANTI, BARTOLOMEO. – Liturgist, of the Congregation of the Barnabites, born in Monza in 1569, died in Milan on 14 August 1638. Called to Rome, he worked…
Gavardi, Federico NicolaVol. V, p. 1168 GAVARDI, FEDERICO NICOLA. - Augustinian theologian and preacher, b. in Milano on 15 Feb. 1640, d. on 12 June 1715. From 1665 to 1690 he taught theology in many…
Gavazzi (Gavatius), Modesto (Junior)Vol. V, p. 1169 GAVAZZI (Gavatius), MODESTO (Junior). - Conventual Franciscan theologian, born in Ferrara, died in Chieti in 1658. Master of theology, writer, and Scotist…
Gavazzi, AlessandroVol. V, p. 1168 GAVAZZI, ALESSANDRO. — Founder of the Free Christian Church in Italy (or Evangelical Church of Italy), now extinct; born in Bologna on 22 March 1809, died in…
Gay, Charles-LouisVol. V, p. 1169 GAY, CHARLES-LOUIS. — Ascetical theologian, born in Paris on 1 October 1815 into a bourgeois family indifferent to religious matters; died there on 18 January…
Gayraud, HippolyteVol. V, p. 1169 GAYRAUD, HIPPOLYTE. - Theologian and politician, b. at Lovit (Tarn-et-Garonne) in 1856, d. at Bourg-la-Reine on 17 Dec. 1911. A Dominican in 1877, he taught…
Gaysruck, Karl GaetanVol. V, p. 1169 GAYSRUCK, KARL GAETAN. - Cardinal, b. 7 Aug. 1769 at Klagenfurt, in Carinthia, d. 19 Nov. 1846 at Milan. Son of Giovanni Giacomo G. and Baroness Antonia dei…
Gaza (Hebrew Azzah, Arabic Ghazzah)(GAZA (EBR. AZZAH, AR. GAZZAH))Vol. V, p. 1169 GAZA (Hebr. Azzah, Ar. Gazzah). — Canaanite city (Gen. 10:19; Deut. 2:23) in the southwestern corner of Palestine, 4 km. from the sea, on the only route…
Gaza, TeodoroVol. V, p. 1170 GAZA, TEODORO. — Greek humanist, born in Thessaloniki around 1398, died at Badia di S. Giovanni a Piro in 1475. He took part in the Council of Ferrara-Florence…
Gazophilacium (Gazophylakion)(GAZOFILACIO (ΓΑΖΟΦΥΛΆΚΩΝ))Vol. V, p. 1170 GAZOFILACIO (γαζοφυλάκων). - From γάξα (cf. Acts 8, 27; which in Persian means “treasure”) and φυλάκων (= “to guard”): in the Septuagint, the Gospels, Josephus…
Gazotti (Casotti), Agostino, Beato(GAZOTTI (CASOTTI), AGOSTINO, BESTO)Vol. V, p. 1170 GAZOTTI (CASOTTI), AGOSTINO, blessed. – Dominican bishop and confessor, born at Traù (Dalmatia) around 1260, died at Lucera (Apulia) on 3 August 1323. A…
Gazzaniga, Pierro MariaVol. V, p. 1171 GAZZANIGA, PIERRO MARIA. - Dominican theologian and writer, b. at Bergamo on 3 March 1722, d. at Vicenza on 11 Dec. 1799. Having completed his studies at…
Gazzera, CostanzoVol. V, p. 1171 GAZZERA, COSTANZO. – Priest and archaeologist, born in Bene in 1778, died in Turin on 5 May 1859. He taught in the secondary schools of Alessandria, Casale,…
Gdańsk(GDANSK)Vol. V, p. 1171 GDANSK: v. DANZICA (GDANSK, DANZIG), DIOCESI di.
Gdańsk (Danzig), Diocese of(DANZICA (GDANSK, DANZIC), DIOCESI DI)Vol. IV, p. 721 DANZICA (GDANSK, DANZIC), DIOCESI di - Fondata nel 1925, immediatamente soggetta alla Sede Apostolica. Primo vescovo: Edward O'Rourke. Eugenio III con lettera…
Gebardo II, Bishop of Konstanz, Saint(GEBARDO II, VESCOVO DI COSTANZA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 1171 GEBARDO II, bishop of COSTANZA, saint. - Born at Pfannenberg, near Bregenz, of a noble comital family, about the middle of the 10th century; died at Costanza…
Gebardo III, Bishop of Konstanz(GEBARDO III, VESCOVO DI COSTANZA)Vol. V, p. 1171 GEBARDO III, bishop of COSTANZA. - Son of Duke Bertoldo I Zähringen; provost at Xanten, then a Benedictine monk at Hirsau, he was consecrated bishop of…
Gebardo, Archbishop of Salzburg, Beato(GEBARDO, ARCIVESCOVO DI SALISBURGO, BESTO)Vol. V, p. 1172 GEBARDO, archbishop of SALISBURGO, blessed. - Probably of the family of the counts of Helfenstein, between 1057 and 1059 he was chancellor of the Empire; in…
Gebhardt, Oskar Leopold VonVol. V, p. 1172 GEBHARDT, OSKAR LEOPOLD von. - Protestant theologian, b. 22 June 1844 at Wesenberg (Estonia), d. 9 May 1906 at Lipsia. Having completed his theological studies…
Gebhart, Émile(GEBHART, EMILE)Vol. V, p. 1172 GEBHART, EMILE. - French man of letters, b. at Nancy on 19 July 1859, d. at Paris on 21 Apr. 1908. He was a pupil of the French School at Athens and began his…
Gebizone (Ebizone) of Cologne(GEBIZONE (EBIZONE) DI COLONIA)Vol. V, p. 1172 GEBIZONE (EBIZONE) of COLOGNE. — Benedictine, born in Cologne; he went on pilgrimage to the tomb of St. Benedict at the advice of Empress Agnese; there he was…
Gedeon, ManueleVol. V, p. 1172 GEDEON, MANUELE. — Constantinopolitan Greek writer, born on 8 July 1851, died on 18 October 1943. In 1921 he moved to Athens, where he carried out a long and…
Gedeone (Hebrew Gidh'ōn; Septuagint GEBEŌN, Vulgate Gedeon)(GEDEONE (EBR. GIDH'ŌN; SETTANTA ΓΕΒΈΩΝ, VOLG. GEDEON))Vol. V, p. 1172 GEDEONE (Hebr. Gidh'ōn; Septuagint Γεβέων, Vulg. Gedeon). — A “judge” of Israel. After the activity of Debora (v.), a period of raids and disturbances occurred…
Gegenbaur, KarlVol. V, p. 1173 GEGENBAUR, KARL. - B. at Würzburg on 21 Aug. 1826 and d. at Heidelberg on 14 June 1903. A pupil of Kölliker and Virchow, he graduated in 1851. He studied the…
Gehazi (Heb. Gēḇāzī; Septuagint = Giezí)(GIEZI (GĒBĀZĪ; SETTANTA = ΓΙΕΖΊ))Vol. VI, p. 254 GIEZI (Gēbāzī; Septuagint = Γιεζί). - Servant of the prophet Eliseo (v.). When the latter wishes to reward the generous hospitality of the good Shunammite…
GehennaVol. V, p. 1173 GEHENNA. - Valley of Ennom, and of the sons of Ennom (Heb. gē hēnē-Hinnōm and gē Hinnōm; Aram. gē hinnōm, whence γέενα with the suppression of the final mem),…
Gehon (Hebrew Gibōn)(GEHON (EBR. GIBÓN))Vol. V, p. 1173 GEHON (Hebr. Gibón). — The second of the four rivers into which the stream divides upon emerging from Eden; it traverses the entire land of Köš (Gen. 2:10,…
Geiler, Johannes of Kaysersberg(GEILER, JOHANNES DI KAYSERBERG)Vol. V, p. 1174 GEILER, JOHANNES di KAYSERBERG. — Popular preacher of the pre-Reformation period, born at Schaffhausen on 16 March 1445; died at Strasbourg on 10 March 1510.…
Geissel, Johannes vonVol. V, p. 1174 GEISSEL, JOHANNES von. - Cardinal, b. 5 February 1796 at Gimmeldingen (Palatinate), d. 18 September 1864 at Colonia. He studied at the Seminary of Magonza,…
Gelasian, Decree(GELASIANO, DECRETO)Vol. V, p. 1174 GELASIANO, DECRETO: v. GELASIO I, 7APA, santo.
Gelasian, Sacramentary(GELASIANO, SACRAMENTARIO)Vol. V, p. 1174 GELASIANO, SACRAMENTARIO: v. SACRAMENTARI.
Gelasius I, Pope(GELASIO I, PAPA)Vol. V, p. 1175 GELASIO I, PAPA, santo - Decretum Gelasianum; list of apocryphal books - Vatican Library, cod. Vet. Ist. 5845, f. 281v (2nd cent.). His contemporaries, in…
Gelasius I, Pope, Saint(GELASIO I, 7APA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 1174 GELASIO I, 7APA, saint. — He merits first place in the series of fifth-century popes after Leo I. He governed the Church from 492 to 496. African by origin, he…
Gelasius II, Pope(GELASIO II, PAPA)Vol. V, p. 1176 GELASIO II, POPE. — Giovanni di Gaeta, son of Crescenzo, duke of Fondi, was educated at Montecassino and became a monk there. About 1082 he was made cardinal…
Gelasius of Caesarea(GELASIO DI CESAREA)Vol. V, p. 1174 GELASIO di CESAREA. — Son of a sister of Cirillo di Gerusalemme, born ca. 335–336, died ca. 404–405. From ca. 365–366 he was bishop of Cesarea. Under the…
Gelasius of Cyzicus(GELASIO DI CIZICO)Vol. V, p. 1174 GELASIO of CIZICO. — Son of a presbyter, he wrote around 475 an Ecclesiastical History in 3 books, a compilation from Eusebius, Theodoret, and Socrates. The…
Gelbanus (Heb. Bēbēdhēn, Gr. Chalbánē)(GALBANO (EBR. ΒΕΒΈΔΗΝ, GR. ΧΑΛΒΆΝΗ))Vol. V, p. 1112 GALBANO (Hebr. βεβέδην, Gr. χαλβάνη). — Resin extracted from ferula galbaniflua of the umbellifer family, with a strong and lasting odor. In antiquity (cf.…
GelboeVol. V, p. 1176 GELBOE. – Biblical name of the group of hills—the northeastern terminus of the mountain region of Ephraim and Samaria—which border the plain of Esdraelon to…
Gelen, VictorVol. V, p. 1176 GELEN, VICTOR. — Capuchin mystical theologian of the Rhenish province, in which he was master of novices and provincial three times, born in Trier, died on 14…
Gelli, Giovan BattistaVol. V, p. 1176 GELLI, GIOVAN BATTISTA. — Man of letters, born in Florence on 12 August 1498, died there on 24 July 1563. A frequenter of the Orti Oricellari and consul of the…
Gelée, ClaudeVol. V, p. 1176 GELÉE, CLAUDE: v. LORENESE, CLAUDIO.
Gemara'(GEMÄRÄ')Vol. V, p. 1177 GEMÄRÄ'. – A masculine Aramaic word meaning “completion of the teaching.” Generally, however, one says “the g.,” as though it were a Hebrew feminine noun.…
Gematria(GAMATRIA)Vol. V, p. 1143 GAMATRIA (GECMISTRIA): V. CABBALA.
GemelliVol. V, p. 1177 GEMELLI. – The children born in the same birth and from the eggs of a single laying are called twins. In particular cases, several individuals may also be born…
Geminiano, Saint(GEMINIANO, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 1179 GEMINIANO, saint. — Bishop of Modena from approximately 344 to 396. In all probability he is the same Geminianus episcopus who, in 390, at the Council of…
Geminiano, Saint, Martyr(GEMINIANO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 1179 GEMINIANO, saint, martyr: v. LUCIA E GEMINIANO, santi, martiri.
Gemisto Pletone, GiorgioVol. V, p. 1180 GEMISTO PLETONE, GIORGIO. – Philosopher, born around 1355 in Constantinople, died ca. 1452 in Sparta. The name Pletone, derived from an analogy of meaning with…
Gemito, VincenzoVol. V, p. 1181 GEMITO, VINCENZO. — Sculptor, born in Naples on 16 July 1852, died there on 1 March 1929; he ranks among the major Italian artists of the modern age. Initially…
Gemma Galgani, Saint(GEMMA GALGANI, SANTA)Vol. V, p. 1181 GEMMA GALGANI, santa. - Virgin, b. at Camigliano (Lucca) on March 12, 1878, d. at Lucca on Apr. 11, 1903. Docile to her mother's pious (from Estasi, diario,…
GemmeVol. V, p. 1182 GEMME. — The use of gems, especially in rings, was very common in the Roman world, and fashion ensured that it continued among Christians as well; Tertullian,…
Genazzano, Elia di Beniamin daVol. V, p. 1183 GENAZZANO, ELIA di BENIAMIN da. — Rabbi of the second half of the 15th century, author of a kabbalistic work ('Iggereth bāmādhōth), a poem on the goodness of…
GeneVol. V, p. 1183 GENE. — It is the structural and functional unit of the hereditary material contained in the nucleus, that is, the smallest portion of living substance endowed…
Genealogies (Tà Geneàis)(GENÉSIE (ΤᾺ ΓΕΝΈΑΙΣ))Vol. V, p. 1190 GENÉSIE (Τὰ γενέαις). - Funerary commemoration, performed at Athens on the anniversary of the birth (not of the death) of a deceased person, especially the…
General Councillor of the State of the Vatican City(CONSIGLIERE GENERALE DELLO STATO DELLA CITTÀ DEL VATICANO)Vol. IV, p. 249 CONSIGLIERE GENERALE DELLO STATO DELLA CITTÀ DEL VATICANO: V. VATICANO, STATO DELLA CITTÀ DEL.
Generosa Cemetery(GENEROSA, CIMITERO DI)Vol. V, p. 1186 GENEROSA, CEMETERY of. – It is located at the sixth milestone of the Via Portuense, in the area formerly called « ad sextum Philippi », near the grove of the…
Genesis(GENESI)Vol. V, p. 1188 GENESIS. — Name of the book with which the series of the Old Testament begins. It is derived from the Greek γένεσις and passed into Christian usage through the…
Genesius, Saint, Martyr(GENESIO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 1190 GENESIO, saint, martyr. — Protector of theater artists. Hagiographic and martyrological sources report two martyrs of this name: one at Arles (feast on 25…
Genetics(GENETICA)Vol. V, p. 1191 GENETICS. — Genetics is defined as the science of heredity, that is, the doctrine of phenomena concerning the reappearance of the same character in successive…
Geneva, Diocese of(GINEVRA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VI, p. 259 GINEVRA, DIOCESI di: v. LOSANNA, GINEVRA, FRIBURGO, DIOCESI di.
Genevieve, Saint(GENOVEFFA, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 43 GENOVEFFA, santa. - She is commemorated in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum on Jan. 3. The biography composed between the 6th and 8th century is diversely…
Genii and Amores(GENII E AMORI)Vol. VI, p. 27 GENII AND AMORI. - 1. In pagan art. - The concept of G. (genius), so etymologically precise in ancient Roman religion, was altered when the Romans came into…
Genius(GENIO (GENIUS))Vol. VI, p. 27 GENIO (Genius). — An exclusively Roman religious concept. Unlike the classical independent divine figures, the G. always belongs to persons, communities,…
Genius(GENIO)Vol. VI, p. 29 GENIUS — Sarcophagus known as that of the Good Shepherds, with little genii engaged in harvesting grapes and milking (4th century) — Rome, Lateran Christian…
Genizah(GÉNIZĀH)Vol. VI, p. 30 GÉNIZĀH. - A Hebrew term from gānaz, of Persian origin, meaning: “(repository of) treasure,” “storehouse.” Sacred scrolls of the Pentateuch, individual pages…
Gennadius of Constantinople(GENNADIO DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. VI, p. 30 GENNADIO di COSTANTINOPOLI: v. GIORGIO SCOLARIO.
Gennadius of Marseille(GENNADIO DA MARSIGLIA)Vol. VI, p. 30 GENNADIO da MARSIGLIA. - A priest of Marseilles, who lived in the second half of the 5th century and died between 492 and 505. Nothing further is known about…
Gennadius, Archbishop of Novgorod(GENNADIO, ARCIVESCOVO DI NOVGOROD)Vol. VI, p. 30 GENNADIO, Archbishop of NOVGOROD. - He governed this see from 1485 to 1504; he was elected to it by the Grand Duke of Moscow Giovanni II (1472–1505). He…
Gennadius, Archbishop of Ohrid(GENNADIO, ARCIVESCOVO DI ACRIDA)Vol. VI, p. 30 GENNADIO, archbishop of ACRIDA. — Probably elected in 1282. Out of fidelity to the patriarch Gregorio II of Cyprus (1283–89), he abdicated together with him.…
Gennari, CasimiroVol. VI, p. 30 GENNARI, CASIMIRO. — Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church, canonist and moral theologian. Born at Maratea (Potenza), in the diocese of Cassano, on 27 December…
Gennesaret (Hebrew Kinnereth)(GENESARETH (EBR. KINNERETH))Vol. V, p. 1187 GENESARETH (Hebr. Kinnereth). — A Canaanite city (Kinnereth in the list of Tuthmosis III) assigned by Joshua to the tribe of Nephthali (Ios. 19, 35), which…
Genoa, Archdiocese of(GENOVA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VI, p. 40 GENOVA, ARCIDIOCESI di. — Capital of Liguria. SUMMARY: I. Geographical information. — II. Historical information. — III. Distinguished figures. — IV. Cultural…
Genoa, Marc'Antonio, known as Il Genua (Genoa, Zenoa, Janua)(GENUA, MARC'ANTONIO, DETTO COMUNEMENTE IL GENUA (GENOA, ZENOA, JANUA))Vol. VI, p. 50 GENUA, MARC'ANTONIO, commonly called GENUA (GENOA, ZENOA, JANUA). - Paduan Averroist, b. toward the end of the fifteenth century, d. at Padua in 1563. His…
Genocchi, GiovanniVol. VI, p. 34 GENOCCHI, GIOVANNI. — Missionary of the Sacred Heart, b. at Ravenna on 30 July 1860, d. at Rome on 6 January 1926. In the new movement of religious studies in…
Genocide(GENOCIDIO)Vol. VI, p. 34 GENOCIDE. — The term is etymologically a neologism, derived from two Latin words (gens and caedes), and signifies the massacre of a people or ethnic group.…
Genoude, AntoineVol. VI, p. 40 GENOUDE, ANTOINE - ETIENNE de. - Polemical priest, b. at Montélimar on 9 Feb. 1792, d. at Hyères (Var) on 19 Apr. 1849. Educated at the Seminary of S.…
Genovesi, AntonioVol. VI, p. 44 GENOVESI, ANTONIO. — Philosopher and economist, born at Castiglione (Salerno) on 1 November 1712, died at Naples on 23 September 1769. Having entered the…
Genre(GENERE)Vol. V, p. 1184 GENERE: v. PREDICABILI.
Gentile da FabrianoVol. VI, p. 45 GENTILE da FABRIANO. – Gentile di Niccolò di Giovanni di Massio, painter, born in Fabriano around 1370, died in Rome in 1427. The biographical data are as…
Gentile da Matelica, Blessed(GENTILE DA MATELICA, BEATO)Vol. VI, p. 48 GENTILE da MATELICA, blessed. - Franciscan. He flourished in the first half of the 14th century and was in all probability minister of the province of the…
Gentile, GiovanniVol. VI, p. 46 GENTILE, GIOVANNI. — Philosopher, educationalist, and politician, born at Castelvetrano (Trapani) on 30 May 1875, assassinated in Florence on 15 April 1944. He…
Gentile, Giovanni ValentinoVol. VI, p. 48 GENTILE, GIOVANNI VALENTINO. – Italian heretic, born in Cosenza in 1520 and died in Berne on 10 September 1566. He led an agitated and wandering life;…
Gentiles(GENTILI)Vol. VI, p. 49 GENTILI. - A designation which in the Latin New Testament (Vulgate: gentes, gentiles, Graeci) denotes all non-Jewish peoples, sharing in the customs and Greek…
Gentileschi Family(GENTILESCHI, FAMIGLIA)Vol. VI, p. 49 GENTILESCHI, FAMIGLIA. — ORAZIO LOMI, called G., painter, b. in Pisa in 1562 (?), d. in London in 1647 (or 1638). In Tuscany he was a pupil of his half-brother…
Gentili, AlbericoVol. VI, p. 49 GENTILI, ALBERICO. - Italian jurist, b. at Sanginesio (Macerata) on 14 Jan. 1552, d. in London on 19 June 1608. Doctor of law at Perugia in 1572, he held the…
Gentilini, Giovanni BattistaVol. VI, p. 50 GENTILINI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - Jesuit, controversialist, b. at Vesio di Tremosine (Brescia) on 26 Nov. 1745, d. at Rome on 16 Dec. 1816, while he was…
Gentiloni, Vincenzo OttorinoVol. VI, p. 50 GENTILONI, VINCENZO OTTORINO. — Count, lawyer, and politician, born in Filottrano on 13 October 1865, died in Rome on 2 August 1916. He practiced law and…
Genuflection(GENUFLESSIONE)Vol. VI, p. 50 GENUFLECTION. — This is the act of bending the right knee as a gesture of veneration and, by extension, the posture adopted in prayer by remaining supported on…
Geochemistry(GEOCHIMICA)Vol. VI, p. 51 GEOCHEMISTRY. — From γῆ, “earth,” and γυμνῆ, “chemistry.” It is the science that studies the physicochemical composition of the earth. Ever since, in an…
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Étienne(GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ETIENNE)Vol. VI, p. 52 GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ETIENNE. - Zoologist and palaeontologist, born at Etampes (Seine-et-Oise) on 15 April 1772, died in Paris on 19 June 1844. Professor of…
Geography(GEOGRAFIA)Vol. VI, p. 52 GEOGRAPHY. - It is, in general, the science that studies the various parts of the Earth's surface. CONTENTS: I. Definition, concept, and methods. - II. The…
Geological Epochs(GEOLOGICHE, EPOCHE)Vol. VI, p. 62 GEOLOGICHE, EPOCHE: v. STRATIGRAFIA.
Geology(GEOLOGIA)Vol. VI, p. 62 GEOLOGY. — The introduction (1603) of the term g. (from γῆ, earth, and λόγος, discourse, treatise, history) is attributed to the great naturalist and…
Geometry(GEOMETRIA)Vol. VI, p. 62 GEOMETRIA: v. MATEMATICA.
Geonim (singular Gaon)(GĒ'ONIM (SING. GĀ'ŌN))Vol. VI, p. 62 GĒ'ONIM (sing. Gā'ōn). - Title of the heads (cf. Ps. 47, 5), the “pride” of the house of Jacob, of the Talmudic academies of Sūrā and Pumbēdītā in the period…
George Acropolita(GIORGIO ACROPOLITA)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO ACROPOLITA. - Byzantine writer of the 13th century. Born in Costantinopoli, a disciple of Niccolò Blemmydes and teacher of the emperor of Nicaea…
George Amirutzes(GIORGIO AMIRUTZES)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO AMIRUTZES. – An official (protovestiarios) at the court of the emperor of Trebizond, Davide (1458–62), and adviser to the Byzantine emperor Giovanni…
George Dolgorukiy(GIORGIO DOLGORNKI)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO DOLGORNKI. – First prince of Susdal, a city in central Russia, who lived in the 11th century. With him, alongside Kiev, the principal city of the…
George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia(GIORGIO DI PODĚBRADY, RE DI BOEMIA)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO of Poděbrady, king of BOHEMIA. — Born on 23 April 1420 at Poděbrady, died on 23 March 1471 at Prague. With the help of Rokycana, G. politically…
George of the Arabs(GIORGIO DEGLI ARABI)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO degli ARABI. — Bishop of the nomadic tribes on the margins of Syria and Mesopotamia, consecrated in 686, died in 724. He was a Monophysite and a friend…
George Scholarios (Gennadius II)(GIORGIO SCOLARIOS (GENNADIO II))Vol. VI, p. 288 GIORGIO SCOLARIOS (GENNADIO II). — Byzantine theologian and writer, patriarch of Constantinople three times (1454–56; 1463; 1464–65), b. there ca. 1405, d. in…
George, Arian Bishop of Alexandria(GIORGIO, VESCOVO ARIANO DI ALESSANDRIA)Vol. VI, p. 287 GIORGIO, Arian bishop of ALESSANDRIA. - A native of Cappadocia, greedy and avaricious, he had led a turbulent life. Elected bishop by an Arian synod of…
George, Saint, Martyr(GIORGIO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VI, p. 285 GIORGIO, saint, martyr. – He has been held in the highest veneration since antiquity, both in the East and in the West. The sanctuary built over his tomb at…
George, StefanVol. VI, p. 62 GEORGE, STEFAN. — Poet, born at Rüdesheim (Romania) on 12 July 1868, died in Switzerland, near Lausanne, on 4 December 1933. One of the last three eminent…
GeorgetownVol. VI, p. 62 GEORGETOWN: v. WOODSTOCK.
GeorgiaVol. VI, p. 62 GEORGIA. — Since 1936, one of the 16 federated republics constituting the U.S.S.R. Having become independent in 1918, after 1921 it formed part, as an…
Gepids(GEPIDI)Vol. VI, p. 72 GEPIDI. - A people of Gothic stock who, about the middle of the third century A.D., descended from the Baltic regions toward the Carpathians. The earliest…
Gerace, Diocese of(GERACE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VI, p. 72 GERACE, DIOCESI of—G., in southern Calabria, in the province of Reggio, 480 m. above sea level, on a plateau joining the Aspromonte to the Serre. It is the…
Geraldo of Sauve-Majeure(GERALDO DI SAUVE-MAJEURE)Vol. VI, p. 73 GERALDO di SAUVE-MAJEURE: v. GERARDO di SAUVE-MAJEURE.
Geraldton, Diocese of(GERALDTON, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VI, p. 73 GERALDTON, DIOCESI di. – In Australia (Western Australia). The territory of this diocese was discovered in 1848 and erected as a suffragan diocese of Adelaide…
Gerara (Hebrew Gerar, Septuagint Germar)(GÉRARA (EBR. GÉRÂR, SETTANTA ΓΕΡΜΑΡ))Vol. VI, p. 73 GÉRARA (Hebr. Gérâr, Septuagint Γερμαρ). - An ancient city of the Negeb in Palestine, on the road to Egypt, south-east of Gaza and west of Bersabea (Gen. 10,…
Gerard (Gerardino) of Borgo San Donnino(GERARDO (GERARDINO) DI BORGO SAN DONNINO)Vol. VI, p. 75 GERARDO (GERARDINO) of BORGO SAN DONNINO. - He was teaching grammar when he took the Franciscan habit. Already a follower of Joachimite theories, he was sent…
Gerard (or Gerald) of Sauve-Majeure (Silva Maior), Saint, Abbot(GERARDO (O GERALDO) DI SAUVE-MAJERRE (SILVA MAIOR), SANTO, ABATE)Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO (or GERALDO) di SAUVE-MAJERRE (Silva Maior), saint, abbot. - Born at Corbie c. 1025, died 5 April 1095. He was a Benedictine monk in his native…
Gerard Groote(GERARDO GROOTE)Vol. VI, p. 76 GERARDO GROOTE: v. GROOTE, GERARDO.
Gerard Majella, Saint(GERARDO MAIELLA, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO MAIELLA, Saint. - Redemptorist, born 23 Apr. 1726 in Muro Lucano (Potenza) of an artisan family, died at Materdomini 16 Oct. 1755. He was first a…
Gerard of Abbeville(GERARDO D'ABBÉVILLE)Vol. VI, p. 74 GERARDO d'ABBÉVILLE. - Master of theology in Paris already before 1257 and until his death in 1272. We have left of him sermons, Quaestiones disputatae, and 19…
Gerard of Bologna(GERARDO DA BOLOGNA)Vol. VI, p. 75 GERARDO da BOLOGNA. — Carmelite theologian, d. in 1317. He was the first of his Order to obtain the master’s degree at the University of Paris, where he taught…
Gerard of Brogne, Abbot, Saint(GERARDO DI BROGNE, ABATE, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 75 GERARDO of BROGNE, abbot, saint. - Born c. 898 at Namur, of a noble Frankish family, died 3 Oct. 959. While in the service of Count Berengario of Namur, he…
Gerard of Cambrai(GERARDO DI CAMBRAI)Vol. VI, p. 75 GERARDO of CAMBRAI. - Theologian and bishop, born at Liège around 975, died on 14 March 1051. A disciple of Gerbert (Silvester II), he became a cleric of…
Gerard of Cremona(GERARDO DA CREMONA)Vol. VI, p. 75 GERARDO da CREMONA. — Medieval translator, b. at Cremona in 1114, d. in 1187. He translated scientific and philosophical works from Arabic into Latin and was…
Gerard of Csanád, Saint(GERARDO DI CSANÀD, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 76 GERARDO di CSANÀD, saint. — Benedictine theologian, bishop, and protomartyr of Hungary, born in Venice into the Sagredo family at the end of the 10th century,…
Gerard of Frachet(GERARDO DI FRACHET)Vol. VI, p. 76 GERARDO di FRACHET. — Dominican chronicler, b. at Châlus near Limoges in 1195, d. at Limoges on 4 October 1271. A Dominican from 1225 in Paris, prior at…
Gerard of Huy (de Hojo)(GERARDO DA HUY (DE HOJO))Vol. VI, p. 76 GERARDO da HUY (de Hojo). - Franciscan scholar of the thirteenth century, born at Huy (Hojum), apparently in the diocese of Liège (Belgium). He was a disciple…
Gerard of Monte (De Monte)(GERARDO DEL MONTE (DE MONTE))Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO del MONTE (de Monte). — Philosopher and writer, b. at Heerenberg around 1400, d. at Cologne on 31 October 1480. Enrolled at the University of Cologne…
Gerard of Monza, Saint(GERARDO DI MONZA, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO di MONZA, saint. - Also called, from the family name, Tintore or dei Tintori, born in Monza around 1134, died there on 6 June 1202. Having been left an…
Gerard of Prato(GERARDO DA PRATO)Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO da PRATO. - Franciscan of the 13th century. Of a distinguished family, brother of fra' Arlotto da Prato, who later became minister general of the…
Gerard of Sterngassen(GERARDO DI STERNGASSEN)Vol. VI, p. 77 GERARDO di STERNGASSEN. — Dominican mystic of the fourteenth century. Brother of Giovanni di Sterngassen (v.), G. was a lecturer in theology and a trusted man…
Gerard, Jean-BaptisteVol. VI, p. 74 GERARD, JEAN-BAPTISTE. - Missionary, b. at Bouxières-aux-Chênes, diocese of Nancy, on 13 March 1831, d. at Boma (Basutoland), on 29 May 1914, in the reputation…
Gerard, Saint(GERARDO, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 74 GERARDO, saint. - Bishop of Toul, b. at Colonia in 935, d. at Toul on 23 Apr. 994. He was a young cleric of the Chapter of S. Pietro when Archbishop Brunone,…
Gerardesca, Blessed(GERARDESCA, BEATA)Vol. VI, p. 74 GERARDESCA, blessed. – Mystic, born in Pisa around 1210 to Gherardo della G. Having received her first education in a monastery of enclosed nuns, she returned…
Geras (Geras)(GÉRASA)Vol. VI, p. 78 GÉRASA. – Greco-Roman city in Transjordan, today Geraf, on the banks of the river Chysorrhoas (Wädi Geraf), whence the name of Antiochia ad Chrysorrhoas…
Gerasimus, Saint(GERASIMO, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 79 GERASIMO, saint. — Palestinian monk, died in 475. He was the founder of a great laura near the Jordan. According to an ancient tradition, the only food of St…
Gerberon, GabrielVol. VI, p. 79 GERBERON, GABRIEL. – Benedictine theologian, born at St-Calais (diocese of Mans) on 12 August 1628, died at St-Denis on 29 March 1711. He taught rhetoric,…
Gerbert of Aurillac(GERBERTO DI AURILLAC)Vol. VI, p. 80 GERBERTO di AURILLAC: v. SILVESTRO II.
Gerbert, Martin von HornauVol. VI, p. 79 GERBERT, MARTIN VON HORNAU. — Benedictine, born at Horn on the Neckar (Württemberg) on 12 August 1720, died at the abbey of St. Blasien (Black Forest) on 13…
Gerbet, PhilippeVol. VI, p. 80 GERBET, PHILIPPE. - Controversialist, born at Poligny on 5 Feb. 1798, died at Perpignano on 8 Aug. 1864. In Paris he formed a friendship with Lamennais, of…
Gerbillon, Jean-FrançoisVol. VI, p. 80 GERBILLON, JEAN-FRANÇOIS. - Jesuit, missionary, co-founder and superior of the French mission in Peking, b. at Verdun on 4 June 1654, d. at Peking on 27 March…
Gerdil, Hyacinthe-SigismondVol. VI, p. 80 GERDIL, HYACINTHE-SIGISMOND. — Cardinal, philosopher, educator, and theologian, born at Samoens (Savoy) on 23 June 1718, died in Rome on 12 August 1802. At the…
Gereon, Saint, Martyr(GEREONE, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VI, p. 89 GEREON, saint, martyr. – The information concerning him is uncertain and confused. S. Gregorio di Tours recalls a splendid basilica in Cologne built in honour…
Gerhard, JohannVol. VI, p. 89 GERHARD, JOHANN. — German Protestant theologian, b. in Quedlinburg on 17 October 1582, d. in Jena on 17 August 1637. Having undertaken theological studies at…
Gerhardinger, KarolinaVol. VI, p. 90 GERHARDINGER, KAROLINA. - Foundress of the Poor School Sisters of Our Lady, b. at Stadtamhof on 20 June 1797, d. at Munich on 9 May 1879. Desiring the…
Gerhardt, PaulVol. VI, p. 90 GERHARDT, PAUL. - German religious poet, b. at Gräfenhainichen (Saxony) on 12 March 1607, d. archdeacon at Lübben on the Spree on 27 March 1676. He studied…
Gerhoh of Reichersberg(GERHOH DI REICHERSBERG)Vol. VI, p. 90 GERHOH di REICHERSBERG. – German theologian, born at Polling (Bavaria) in 1093, died at Reichersberg on 27 June 1169. He studied at Freising, Moosburg, and…
Gerini, Giovanni BattistaVol. VI, p. 92 GERINI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. – Educationalist, born in Vessalico (Imperia) on 9 February 1859, died in Turin on 13 February 1916. From 1884 he carried out his…
Gerlach, Saint(GERLACH, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 92 GERLACH, saint. – Knight, born at the beginning of the 12th century in the region of Fauquemont (Valkenburg, Holland). Having learned during a tournament of…
German Catholic Center(CENTRO CATTOLICO TEDESCO)Vol. III, p. 759 GERMAN CATHOLIC CENTRE. – In German parliamentary and political history, the name G. C. C. appeared for the first time in 1859, when Catholic deputies of the…
German Theology(TEOLOGIA GERMANICA)Vol. XI, p. 1183 TEOLOGIA GERMANICA. — Title (Theologia Teutsch or Deutsch) of an ascetic-mystical work composed around 1400, whose anonymous author was a priest and guardian…
German-Catholics(TEDESCO-CATTOLICI)Vol. XI, p. 1127 TEDESCO-CATTOLICI. – The spiritual climate in which this sect arose was the rationalism of the Enlightenment type, still fairly widespread in certain circles…
Germanus(GERMANO)Vol. VI, p. 127 GERMANO. — A friend of Cassian, who speaks of him in his works. He was his companion from adolescence and, at a very young age, entered with him the monastery…
Germanus I, Saint, Patriarch of Constantinople(GERMANO I, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 128 GERMANO I, patriarch of COSTANTINOPOLI, saint. — Died in 733. When he was bishop of Cizico in 712, he yielded to imperial pressure and accepted Monothelitism.…
Germanus II, Patriarch of Nicaea-Constantinople(GERMANO II, PATRIARCA DI NICEA-COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. VI, p. 128 GERMANO II, patriarch of NICEA-CONSTANTINOPLE. — Born at Anaplusa on the Bosporus around 1175, he was a deacon of Hagia Sophia, then became a monk in Asia…
Germanus of Auxerre, Saint(GERMANO DI AUXERRE, SANTO)Vol. VI, p. 127 GERMANO di AUXERRE, santo. - Born at Auxerre around 378, died at Ravenna on July 31, 448. Of a noble and wealthy family, he completed his primary studies in…
Germanus of San Stanislao(GERMANO DI SAN STANISLAO)Vol. VI, p. 129 GERMANO di SAN STANISLAO. - Passionist, in the world Vincenzo Ruoppolo, born at Vico Equense on 17 Jan. 1850, died at Rome on 11 Dec. 1909. He professed the…
Germanus, Saint, Bishop of Capua(GERMANO, SANTO, VESCOVO DI CAPUA)Vol. VI, p. 128 GERANUS, saint, bishop of CAPUA. - The information concerning him is scanty and uncertain. The earliest source to mention him is the Dialogues of St Gregory…
Germanus, Saint, Bishop of Paris(GERMANO, SANTO, VESCOVO DI PARIGI)Vol. VI, p. 128 GERMANO, saint, bishop of PARIGI. - Born at Autun toward the end of the fifth century. After escaping an attempt at poisoning, he was entrusted to a relative…
Germany(GERMANIA)Vol. VI, p. 121 GERMANIA - Localities with ancient Christian monuments. 148). — Bonn: beneath the floor of the Romanesque crypt of the basilica of SS. Cassius and Florentius,…
Germinius, Arian Bishop of Sirmium(GERMINIO, VESCOVO ARIANO DI SIRMIO)Vol. VI, p. 129 GERMINIO, Arian bishop of SIRMIO. - A native of Cyzicus, he was elected bishop in 351, succeeding the deposed Fotino. A follower of pure Arianism, in 357 he…
Gerocle SossianoVol. VI, p. 129 GEROCLE SOSSIANO. - Anti-Christian writer. Born in the second half of the 3rd century; he was prefect of Fenicia, Bitinia, and Basso Egitto. A bitter enemy of…
Gerola, GiuseppeVol. VI, p. 129 GEROLA, GIUSEPPE. - Archaeologist and art scholar, b. at Arsiero on 2 April 1877, d. at Trento on 21 September 1938. He was responsible for some 600…
Geronimian Martyrology(GERONIMIANO, MARTIROLOGIO)Vol. VI, p. 130 GERONIMIANO, MARTIROLOGIO: v. MARTIROLOGIO GERONIMIANO.
Gerosa, Vincenza, Saint(GEROSA, VINCENZA, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 130 GEROSA, VINCENZA, saint: v. VINCENZA GEROSA, saint.
GeroteoVol. VI, p. 130 GEROTEO: v. DIONIGI L'AREOPACITA.
Gersen, GiovanniVol. VI, p. 130 GERSEN, GIOVANNI. - Ancient Italian manuscripts of the De imitazione Christi attribute its authorship to an abbot Joannes G., of whom nothing precise is known.…
Gershom ben Jehudah(GÉRŠOM BEN JĒHŪDHĀH)Vol. VI, p. 130 GÉRŠOM BEN JĒHŪDHĀH. - Rabbinic authority, called the “light of the diaspora,” of the late tenth and early eleventh centuries, d. at Magonza. Many young men…
GersonVol. VI, p. 131 GERSON. - The eldest son of Moses (Ex. 2, 22 and 18, 3), whose name is explained (ibid.): “A stranger (gër) am I in a foreign land” (hypothetically, it has…
Gerson, JeanVol. VI, p. 131 GERSON, JEAN. – Theologian and chancellor of the University of Paris, b. on 14 December 1363 in the hamlet of Gerson (from which he took his name), in the…
Gersonide (Rabbi Levi ben Gershon)(GERSONIDE (RABAG = RABBI LÉVIÉ BEN GÉRSON))Vol. VI, p. 134 GERSONIDE (Rabag = Rabbi Lévié ben Gérson). — Jewish philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, and biblical commentator, born in 1288 at Bagnols (southern…
Gertrude of Nivelles, Saint(GERTRUDE DI NIVELLES, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 135 GERTRUDE DI NIVELLES, saint. - B. c. 626 at Nivelles (Belgium), d. there on 17 May 659, aged 33. Daughter of Pipino il Vecchio, mayor of the palace of the king…
Gertrude the Great, Saint(GERTRUDE LA GRANDE, SANTA)Vol. VI, p. 134 GERTRUDE the GREAT, Saint. — Great mystic, born on 6 January 1256, died in 1302 or 1303. I. THE LIFE. — The biographical information available concerning G. la…
Gertrude Van OostenVol. VI, p. 136 GERTRUDE VAN OOSTEN. - Mystic, born c. 1300 at Voorburg (Holland), died at Delft on 6 Jan. 1358. Various writers call her either saint or blessed; Bollando…
Gervasius and Protasius, Saints, Martyrs(GERVASIO E PROTASIO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. VI, p. 151 GERVASIO e PROTASIO, saints, martyrs. — They are commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 19 June, the day of their translation to the Ambrosian Basilica…
Gervasius of Sant'Elia(GERVASIO DI SANT'ELIA)Vol. VI, p. 150 GERVASIO of SANT'ELIA. – In secular life Carlo Benedetto Bizzero; Discalced Carmelite theologian, born in Milan in 1631, died in Concesa on 8 July 1696.…
Geshur (Hebrew Gēšūr)(GESSUR (EBR. GĒŠŪR))Vol. VI, p. 152 GESSUR (Hebr. Gēšūr). — 1. An Aramaean region, present-day Gōlān, between the Lake of Tiberias and Basan or Batanea (v.) to the east, between the Aramaean…
Gesinius, Wilhelm(GESENIUS, WILHELM)Vol. VI, p. 151 GESENIUS, WILHELM. – Distinguished Semitic scholar and Protestant exegete, born at Nordhausen on 3 February 1786, died at Halle on 23 October 1842. He taught…
GessenVol. VI, p. 151 GESSEN. - Region of the Egyptian delta (Heb. Gōsen, Septuagint Γέσαι) in which the family of Jacob settled when invited to Egypt by Joseph (Gen. 45, 10; 46,…
Gesso (In Art)(GESSO (NELL'ARTE))Vol. VI, p. 151 Gesso (in art). — Chemically, gesso is hydrated calcium sulfate, slightly soluble in water. Its solubility, however, increases with rising temperature. Its use…
Gesta MartyrumVol. VI, p. 152 GESTA MARTYRUM: v. AGIOGRAFIA; ATTI DEI MARTIRI.
GestiVol. VI, p. 152 GESTI. — For determining ancient Christian iconographic scenes, the interpretation of gestures is of great importance; Cicero defined them as “the eloquence of…
Gesualdi, FilippoVol. VI, p. 153 GESUALDI, FILIPPO. — Theologian and ascetical writer of the Conventual Friars Minor, born in Castrovillari on 23 February 1550, died in Cariati on 12 December…
Gesualdo, AlfonsoVol. VI, p. 153 GESUALDO, ALFONSO. — Archbishop of Naples, born in Naples around 1540 to Luigi, count of Consa and later prince of Venosa. Clement VIII made him archbishop of…
Geth (Hebrew Gath, Akkadian Gimtu, "Winepress")(GETH (EBR. GATH, ACCAD. GIMTU, « PRESSOIO »))Vol. VI, p. 195 GETH (Hebr. Gath, Akkad. Gimtu, “winepress”). – A Canaanite city, mentioned in the letters of el-’Amārnah, capital of one of the five Philistine satrapies…
Getino, Luis AlonsoVol. VI, p. 196 GETINO, LUIS ALONSO. - Writer on ecclesiastical history, b. at Lugueros (Spain) on 12 Nov. 1877, d. at Salamanca on 9 July 1946. A Dominican in the Convent of…
Geulincx, ArnoldVol. VI, p. 196 GEULINCX, ARNOLD. – Philosopher, born in Antwerp on 31 January 1624, died of plague in Leiden in November 1669. He studied and was a professor at Leuven; then,…
Geuzen(GUEUX)Vol. VI, p. 745 GUEUX. - The name by which the rebels against the Spanish government in the Low Countries were called; later united in a political-religious party, they…
Gevaert, François-AugusteVol. VI, p. 199 GEVAERT, FRANÇOIS-AUGUSTE. - Musician and musicologist, b. at Huysse (Belgium) on 31 July 1828, d. at Brussels on 31 Dec. 1908. A pupil of the Conservatory of…
Geyser, JosephVol. VI, p. 199 GEYSER, JOSEPH. - German neo-scholastic philosopher, b. 16 March 1869 at Erkelenz (Rhineland), d. 11 Apr. 1948 at Siegsdorf. He obtained degrees in philosophy…
Gezelle, GuidoVol. VI, p. 200 GEZELLE, GUIDO. – Flemish poet and priest, b. in Bruges on 1 May 1830, d. there on 27 Nov. 1899. He is one of the greatest lyric poets of the 19th century. Of…
