Malvezzi, VincenzoVol. VII, p. 1147 MALVEZZI, VINCENZO. – Cardinal, born in Bologna on 22 February 1715, died at Cento on 3 December 1775. Created by Benedict XIV Archbishop of Bologna and…
MalvitoVol. VII, p. 1147 MALVITO. - An ancient diocese and a very ancient city of northern Calabria, raised to episcopal rank during the rule of the Lombard dukes. The earliest…
Mama, Saint, Martyr(MAMA, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VII, p. 1147 MAMA, saint, martyr. - Greatly venerated in the ancient Christian East and commemorated in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum on 17 Aug. and in the Greek…
Mamachi, Tommaso MariaVol. VII, p. 1147 MAMACHI, TOMMASO MARIA. - Dominican theologian and historian, born on the island of Chios on 3 Dec. 1713, died at Corneto Tarquinia (now Tarquinia, Viterbo) on…
Mambre (Hebrew Mamre)(MAMBRE (EBR. MAMRE))Vol. VII, p. 1148 MAMBRE (Hebr. Mamre). — Name of an oak situated near Hebron (v.). Abraham settled there and erected an altar (Gen. 13:18); there he learned of the captivity of…
MambresVol. VII, p. 1148 MAMBRES: v. IANNES e MAMBRES.
Mambrini, DomenicoVol. VII, p. 1148 MAMBRINI, DOMENICO. – Archpriest of Galeata (province of Forlì, diocese of S. Sepolcro), born there on 19 December 1879, died on 1 December 1944. A student at…
Mamertus Claudianus(MAMERTO CLAUDIANO)Vol. VII, p. 1148 MAMERTO CLAUDIANO: v. CLAUDIANO MAMERTO.
Mamertus, Bishop of Vienne, Saint(MAMERTO, VESCOVO DI VIENNE, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 1148 MAMERTO, bishop of VIENNE, saint. - He is commemorated on 11 May. Nothing is known of his life before he became bishop. He was already governing the Church of…
Mamiani, Terenzio della RovereVol. VII, p. 1149 MAMIANI, TERENZIO della ROVERE. — Politician and writer, b. at Pesaro on 27 September 1799, d. at Rome on 21 June 1885. He took an active part in the…
MamikonianVol. VII, p. 1149 MAMIKONIAN. - Illustrious family of Armenian princes, entrusted with the protection of the crown. It gave not only heroes to the fatherland but also great…
Mammon(MAMMONA)Vol. VII, p. 1149 MAMMONA. – A term (Μαμωνάς, Aramaic māmōnā', Neo-Hebrew māmōn, “money,” “gain”) which occurs four times in the New Testament on the lips of Jesus: “You cannot…
Man, Origin of(UOMO, ORIGINE DELL')Vol. XII, p. 559 UOMO, ORIGINE DELL'. — The problem of human origins is the principal subject of research in human paleontology and has been the source of interminable and not…
ManaVol. VII, p. 1149 MANA: v. PRIMITIVI, RELIGIONE dei.
Manacorda, EmilianoVol. VII, p. 1149 MANACORDA, EMILIANO. - Bishop, b. at Penangro in Monferrato on 6 Aug. 1833, d. at Fossano on 29 July 1909. Ordained priest in 1859, he entered the…
Manado, Apostolic Vicariate of(MANADO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 1149 MANADO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — In the northern part of the island of Celebes (Indonesia), it was erected as the apostolic prefecture of Celebes on 19…
Management Councils(CONSIGLI DI GESTIONE)Vol. IV, p. 247 MANAGEMENT COUNCILS. — Also called factory councils, these are the technical bodies through which workers’ participation in the direction, administration, and…
Managua, Archdiocese of(MANAGUA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1150 MANAGUA, ARCHDIOCESE of. - Capital city and archdiocese in Nicaragua (Central America). It extends over 5,000 sq. km., with a population of 1,202,866…
Manahem (Hebrew Mēnahēm)(MANAHEM (EBR. MĒNAHĒM))Vol. VII, p. 1150 MANAHEM (Hebr. Mēnahēm). — Son of Gadi, sixteenth king of Israel after the separation from the Kingdom of Judah and founder of the seventh dynasty, which came…
Manasseh(MANASSE)Vol. VII, p. 1150 MANASSE. — 1. Elder son (Heb. Mēnašēh, probably Mēnašēh-el = “God makes [the sorrows] forgotten”) of Joseph and Aseneth (Gen. 41, 51), adopted by the patriarch…
Manaus, Diocese of(MANĀOS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1150 MANĀOS, DIOCESI di: v. AMAZONI, DIOCESI di.
Manchester, Diocese of(MANCHESTER, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1151 MANCHESTER, DIOCESI di: v. SALFORD, DIOCESI di.
Manchester, Diocese of(MANCHESTER, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1151 MANCHESTER, DIOCESE of. - City and diocese entirely comprised within the State of New-Hampshire (United States of America). Over an area of 9,305 square miles…
Manchuria(MANCIURIA)Vol. VII, p. 1152 MANCIURIA. – It is the northeastern part of the Chinese domain, bounded by the Amur, the Ussuri, Korea, the province of Hopei, and Mongolia; a territory more…
Mancini, IsidoroVol. VII, p. 1151 MANCINI, ISIDORO. - Theologian and canonist of the Order of Minims, b. at Paola (Cosenza) in 1712, d. at Rome on 21 Apr. 1756. For more than fifteen years he…
Mancini, Maria, Blessed(MANCINI, MARIA, BEATA)Vol. VII, p. 1151 MANCINI, MARIA, blessed. — Dominican, born at Pisa about 1355, died there on 22 Jan. 1431. Having become a widow for the second time and having lost her…
Mancini, Pasquale StanislaoVol. VII, p. 1151 MANCINI, PASQUALE STANISLAO. — Jurist and politician, born on 17 March 1817 at Castel Baronia (Avellino), died in Rome on 26 December 1888. Having completed…
Mancio de Corpus ChristiVol. VII, p. 1152 MANCIO DE CORPUS CHRISTI. - Dominican theologian, b. at Becerril de Campos (Palencia) about 1504, d. at Salamanca on 8 July 1576. A disciple of F. de Vitoria,…
Mandalay, Apostolic Vicariate of(MANDALAY, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 1153 MANDALAY, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - Like the apostolic vicariate of southern Burma (Rangoon), that of M., erected on 19 July 1870 for northern Burma, derives…
MandanteVol. VII, p. 1153 MANDANTE: v. COOPERAZIONE NEL DELITTO. MANDATO: as a contract, v. PROCURA e MANDATO; as cooperation in evil, v. RESTITUZIONE; in international law, v.…
Mandeans(MANDEI)Vol. VII, p. 1154 MANDEI. — In the southern regions of Babylonia, shortly after the beginning of the Christian era, there lived the followers of a small religious community…
Mandeville, Bernard deVol. VII, p. 1154 MANDEVILLE, BERNARD de. - Writer, born at Dordrecht around 1670, died in London on 21 Jan. 1733. A sharp and acrid writer (among his works: The Virgin…
Mandonnet, PierreVol. VII, p. 1155 MANDONNET, PIERRE. – Historian of the Church and of medieval theology, born at Beaumont (Puy-de-Dôme) on 26 February 1858, died at Saulchoir on 4 January 1936.…
MandorlaVol. VII, p. 1155 MANDORLA — Christ seated within the m. Miniature from an Exultet (12th century) — Rome, Biblioteca Casanatense, cod. 724 B 1, 13. The iconographic type of…
Mandé, Henricus(MANDE, HENRICUS)Vol. VII, p. 1153 MANDE, HENRICUS. - Ascetical writer, b. at Dordrecht (Holland) about 1360; d. at Beverwijk about 1430. Official secretary at the court of Guglielmo IV, count…
Mane, Thecel, PharesVol. VII, p. 1156 MANE, THECEL, PHARES. - Mysterious signs, read by the prophet Daniele, which appeared on the wall in the hall of the great banquet, at which Baltassar profaned…
Manegoldo di Lautenbach (Manegoldus, Monigoldus, Maingundus de Lutenbach, Liutenbach)(MANEGOLDO DI LAUTENBACH (MANEGOLDUS, MANEGOLDUS, MONIGOLDUS, MAINGUNDUS DE LUTENBACH, LIUTENBACH, LIUTENBACH))Vol. VII, p. 1156 MANEGOLDO di LAUTENBACH (Manegoldus, Manegoldus, Monigoldus, Maingundus DE LUTENBACH, LIUTENBACH, LIUTENBACH). — Augustinian theologian and jurist, born…
Manetho(MANETONE)Vol. VII, p. 1156 MANETONE. – An Egyptian learned priest (Μανεθὼς and Μαναθὼν, from the original Egyptian name compounded with that of the god Thoth), of the time of Ptolemy I…
Manetti, Antonio di TuccioVol. VII, p. 1156 MANETTI, ANTONIO di TUCCIO. - Mathematician, architect, Dante scholar, b. in Firenze on 16 July 1423, d. there on 24 May 1497. He was a friend of the greatest…
Manetti, GiannozzoVol. VII, p. 1157 MANETTI, GIANNOZZO. — Politician and humanist, born in Florence on 5 June 1396, died in Naples on 25 October 1459. From commercial studies and banking activity…
Manfredi, EustachioVol. VII, p. 1157 MANFREDI, EUSTACHIO. — Mathematician and man of letters, born in Bologna on 20 September 1674, died there on 15 February 1739. He was public lecturer in…
Manfredi, Galeotto, Signore of Faenza(MANFREDI, GALEOTTO, SIGNORE DI FAENZA)Vol. VII, p. 1157 MANFREDI, GALEOTTO, lord of FAENZA. — Born in Faenza in 1440 to Astorgio II, lord of the city; died there on 31 May 1488. In 1468, when Astorgio died, he was…
Manfredi, King of Sicily(MANFREDI, RE DI SICILIA)Vol. VII, p. 1157 MANFREDI, re di SICILIA. — B. ca. 1232, d. 26 February 1266. Natural son of Federico II and a Lombard marchioness of the Lancia family. He studied in Paris and…
Manfredini, FrancescoVol. VII, p. 1158 MANFREDINI, FRANCESCO. - Musician, born at Pistoia around 1688, died there in 1748. An accomplished violinist, first at the Accademia dello Spirito Santo in…
Manfredonia, Diocese of(MANFREDONIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1158 MANFREDONIA, DIOCESE of. — City and archdiocese in the province of Foggia (Italy). It has a population of 112,040 inhabitants, of whom 111,903 are Catholics;…
Mangalore, Diocese of(MANGALORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1159 MANGALORE, DIOCESE of. — In southwestern India; it comprises the civil district of South Canara (province of Madras). It borders the Arabian Sea, the…
Mangano, VincenzoVol. VII, p. 1159 MANGANO, VINCENZO. - Journalist and politician, an influential member of the regional and national organizations of Catholic Action. Born in Palermo on 5…
Mangenot, Joseph-EugèneVol. VII, p. 1159 MANGENOT, JOSEPH-EUGÈNE. - Exegete, born at Gémonville (Meurthe-et-Moselle, France) on 28 Aug. 1856, died at Moutrot on 19 March 1922. Having completed his…
Mani and Manichaeism(MANI E MANICHEISMO)Vol. VII, p. 1160 MANI and MANICHAEISM. — I. LIFE. — Mani was born at Mardinu or Afrunya in Babylonia on 14 April 216. His name is of Aramaic origin; the form Manichaeus derives…
Mani, Imposition of(MANI, IMPOSIZIONE DELLE)Vol. VII, p. 1160 MANI, IMPOSIZIONE delle : v. IMPOSIZIONE DELLE MANI.
ManiaVol. VII, p. 1162 MANIA. — This is a mental illness belonging to “manic-depressive psychosis.” In the history of psychiatry, the term has had various meanings, some of which are…
Maniacoria, NicolaVol. VII, p. 1162 MANIACORIA, NICOLA. — Deacon of the church of S. Lorenzo in Damaso in Rome at the time of Lucius II (1144–45). Later he became a Cistercian monk at the…
Manic-Depressive Psychosis(PSICOSI MANIACO-DEPRESSIVA)Vol. X, p. 166 MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS. — Manic-depressive psychosis, as an independent nosological entity, originated with Kraepelin’s work in 1893. Already in the…
Manila, Archdiocese of(MANILA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1163 MANILA, ARCHDIOCESE of. — Archdiocese and capital city of the Philippine Islands, on the western coast of the island of Luzon, at the mouth of the Pasig River.…
Manilius(MANILIO)Vol. VII, p. 1164 MANILIO. — In the manuscripts also Mallius, Manlius, with the praenomen M. and C., a Latin poet who lived at the end of the reign of Augustus. Nothing is known…
Manin, DanieleVol. VII, p. 1165 MANIN, DANIELE. – Patriot and statesman, born in Venice on 13 May 1804, died in Paris on 22 September 1857. He devoted himself to legal, historical, and…
Manism(MANISMO)Vol. VII, p. 1165 MANISMO. - From the Latin manes "the good ones", a euphemistic epithet referring to the deceased, manism is the theory that explains the origins of religions…
ManituVol. VII, p. 1166 MANITU: v. PRIMITIVI, RELIGIONE dei.
Manizales, Diocese of(MANIZALES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1166 MANIZALES, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and capital city of the department of Caldas in Colombia. It has an area of 10,432 sq km and a population of 950,000, of whom…
Manjón, Andrés(MANJON, ANDRÉS)Vol. VII, p. 1166 MANJON, ANDRÉS. - Spanish pedagogue and canonist, b. at Sargentes (Burgos) on 30 Nov. 1846, d. at Granada on 10 July 1923. He studied at the Seminary of…
Manna (Hebrew: mān; Septuagint: Mánna)(MANNA (EBR. MĀN; SETTANTA ΜΆΝΝΑ))Vol. VII, p. 1166 MANNA (Heb. mān; Septuagint μάννα). — Food with which the Hebrew people were nourished for 40 years in the desert (Ex. 16:35). The Bible presents the m. as…
Mannerism(MANIERISMO)Vol. VII, p. 1162 MANNERISM. — The meaning of the term, much debated and variously delimited by recent art historiography, is connected with that of “manner.” For Vasari, who…
Mannhardt, WilhelmVol. VII, p. 1167 MANNHARDT, WILHELM. — Mythographer of the ethnological school, born in Friedrichstadt on 26 March 1831, died in Danzig on 26 December 1880. Once a follower of…
Manni, GiuseppeVol. VII, p. 1167 MANNI, GIUSEPPE. — Piarist, writer, and poet, born in Florence on 20 August 1844, died there on 21 January 1923. He taught literature in the Pious Schools,…
Manning, Henry EdwardVol. VII, p. 1167 MANNING, HENRY EDWARD. — Cardinal and archbishop of Westminster, born on 15 July 1808 at Totteridge, died at Westminster on 14 January 1892. Of a distinguished…
Mannucci, UbaldoVol. VII, p. 1169 MANNUCCI, UBALDO. - Patrologist and canonist, b. at Montagano (Campobasso) on 8 Nov. 1883, d. at Rome on 20 May 1935. He studied at the Roman Seminary,…
Mannyng, Robert of Brunne(MANNYNG, ROBERT DI BRUNNE)Vol. VII, p. 1169 MANNYNG, ROBERT di BRUNNE. – English monk, b. in 1288, d. in 1338. He is known for a version in octosyllabic verse of William of Wadington’s Manuel des…
ManomortaVol. VII, p. 1169 MANOMORTA: v. PATRIMONIO ECCLESIASTICO.
Manozzi, GiovanniVol. VII, p. 1169 MANOZZI, GIOVANNI: v. GIOVANNI da PENNA SAN GIOVANNI.
Manrique, JorgeVol. VII, p. 1169 MANRIQUE, JORGE. - Spanish poet, b. at Paredes de Nava about 1440, d. of wounds sustained in the assault on the castle of Garci-Muñoz in 1479. Lord of…
Mansart, FamigliaVol. VII, p. 1169 MANSART, FAMIGLIA. – Family of Parisian artists in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. JEAN (d. 1618), a wood sculptor, was appointed «sculpteur des…
Mansel, Henry LongevilleVol. VII, p. 1169 MANSEL, HENRY LONGEVILLE. - English theologian and philosopher, b. at Casgrove (Northamptonshire) on 6 Oct. 1820, d. at Oxford on 31 July 1871, at whose…
Manser, GallusVol. VII, p. 1169 MANSER, GALLUS. - Philosopher and Dominican theologian, born at Bruelisau in Switzerland on 15 July 1866, died at Fribourg on 20 February 1950. Ordained priest…
Mansi, Giovanni DomenicoVol. VII, p. 1170 MANSI, GIOVANNI DOMENICO. — Cleric regular of the Mother of God, born at Lucca on 16 February 1692; died there on 27 September 1769. He entered religious life…
Mansionary(MANSIONARIO)Vol. VII, p. 1170 MANSIONARIO. — The meanings of this term varied in the past (cf. Du Cange, s. v. in Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitatis, V, Paris 1938, pp. 227–28), as…
Mansueti, Giovanni di NiccolòVol. VII, p. 1170 MANSUETI, GIOVANNI DI NICCOLÒ. - Venetian painter first mentioned in a document of 22 July 1485, died ca. 1526. He is one of the minor figures in the circle of…
Mansuetude(MANSUETUDINE)Vol. VII, p. 1171 MANSUETUDINE. — Virtue that moderates anger, restraining it within the limits of what is reasonable, in order to avoid the blinding impetus of passion. Anger,…
Mantegazza, Cristoforo and Antonio(MANTEGAZZA, CRISTOFORO E ANTONIO)Vol. VII, p. 1171 MANTEGAZZA, CRISTOFORO and ANTONIO. — Sculptors, natives of Milan. Sons of Galeazzo, they initially worked as goldsmiths, perhaps in their father’s workshop,…
Mantegazza, Gaetano MariaVol. VII, p. 1171 MANTEGAZZA, GAETANO MARIA. – Missionary, born in Milan on 11 April 1745, died at Amarapura (Burma) on 4 August 1794. He was given the name Cesare, which, upon…
Mantegazza, PaoloVol. VII, p. 1171 MANTEGAZZA, PAOLO. – Anthropologist, hygienist, and writer, born in Monza on 31 October 1831, died at S. Terenzo (Liguria) on 26 August 1910. After graduating…
Mantegna, AndreaVol. VII, p. 1172 MANTEGNA, ANDREA. – Born presumably at Isola di Carturo, in the Vicenza area, in 1431; died at Mantua on 13 September 1506. After spending six years in…
Mantellate of the Third Order of the Servants of Mary(MANTELLATE DEL TERZ'ORDINE DEI SERVI DI MARIA)Vol. VII, p. 1173 MANTELLATE OF THE THIRD ORDER OF THE SERVANTS OF MARY. - In the parish of Treppio, diocese of Pistoia, in 1861, three young women, Marianna Ferrari, Maria…
Mantellate Serve di Maria di GaleazzaVol. VII, p. 1173 MANTELLATE SERVE DI MARIA DI GALEAZZA. – The Institute originated in 1899 in Bologna through the work of the archpriest Ferdinando Baccilieri, and was…
Mantelletta (Mantellum)Vol. VII, p. 1173 MANTELLETTA (mantellum). – An ecclesiastical, though non-liturgical, garment, a kind of shortened mantle, of ample form reaching to the knees, open in front,…
MantelloneVol. VII, p. 1173 MANTELLONE. – M. (Magnus mantellus, “large mantle”) is a long, ankle-length outer cassock garment, without sleeves, entirely open at the front, with four wide…
Mantica, FrancescoVol. VII, p. 1174 MANTICA, FRANCESCO. - Cardinal, born at Venzone (Friuli) in 1534 to Andrea and Fontana di Fontanabona, died at Rome on 29 Jan. 1614. Having graduated in law at…
Manto PapaleVol. VII, p. 1174 PAPAL MANTLE. — A very ample sacred vestment with a train, also called the pluviale or cappa pontificalis. It resembles the cope, but is longer, extending from…
Mantua, Diocese of(MANTOVA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1174 MANTOVA, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and provincial capital in Lombardy. It has an area of 2,024 sq. km, with 375,000 inhabitants, of whom 374,586 are Catholics; it…
ManuVol. VII, p. 1176 MANU. – Demigod and progenitor of the human race, who appears for the first time in the Rgueda (v. VEDISMO) under the name of “father M.” (I, 80, 16; 114, 2;…
Manuel I Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium(MANUELE I COMMENO, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)Vol. VII, p. 1176 MANUELE I COMMENO, emperor of BYZANTIUM. — Son of Giovanni Comneno and Piriska (Irene), a Hungarian princess; he ruled the empire from 1143 to 1180. The ideal…
Manuel II Palaiologos(MANUELE II PALEOLOGO)Vol. VII, p. 1176 MANUELE II PALEOLOGO. - N. a Costantinopoli nel 1350, m. ivi il 21 luglio 1425. Imperatore bizantino, regnò dal 1391. Teologo e uomo di grande talento, ebbe un…
Manuel of Corinth(MANUELE DI CORINTO)Vol. VII, p. 1176 MANUELE of CORINTH. – Byzantine orator and theologian, born ca. 1460, died ca. 1550. He lived for almost 70 years in the service of the patriarchs of…
Manumission(MANUMISSIONE)Vol. VII, p. 1177 MANUMISSIONE: v. SCHIAVITŪ.
Manuscript(MANOSCRITTO)Vol. VII, p. 1169 MANOSCRITTO: v. CODICE; LIBRO; ROTOLO; TAVOLETTE CERATE.
Manuscript Tradition(TRADIZIONE MANOSCRITTA)Vol. XII, p. 273 MANUSCRIPT TRADITION. — In the common sense, this is the body of manuscripts that contribute to reconstructing an ancient literary work in a form as close as…
Manuterge (Manuterium, Estersorium)(MANUTERGIO (MANUTERGIUM, ESTERSORIUM))Vol. VII, p. 1177 MANUTERGIO (manutergium, estersorium). — It is the towel used in liturgical ablutions. According to Cyril of Alexandria (Catechesis mystagogica, V, 2), the…
Manuzio, FamigliaVol. VII, p. 1177 MANUZIO, FAMIGLIA. — ALDO the ELDER, celebrated publisher and humanist, was born at Bassiano (Rome) in 1449. He studied in Rome and Ferrara and was tutor to…
Manuzzi, GiuseppeVol. VII, p. 1178 MANUZZI, GIUSEPPE. — Abbot and philologist, born in Cesena on 18 March 1800, died in Florence on 26 Sept. 1876. A friend and disciple of Abbot Cesari, of whom…
Many, SéraphinVol. VII, p. 1178 MANY, SÉRAPHIN. - Canonist, b. at Gespunsart (Reims) on 30 Dec. 1847, d. at Fiesole on 19 Aug. 1922. Ordained a priest and appointed parish priest of the very…
Manzella, Giovanni BattistaVol. VII, p. 1179 MANZELLA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - Missionary of St. Vincent, apostle of Sardinia, born at Soncino (Cremona) on 21 Jan. 1855, died at Sassari on 23 Oct. 1937.…
Manzoli (Manzolli), Pier Angelo della StellataVol. VII, p. 1179 MANZOLI (MANZOLLI), PIER ANGELO della STELLATA. – Poet, born at La Stellata, near Ferrara, around 1500 and died around 1543. Known under the pseudonym…
Manzoni, AlessandroVol. VII, p. 1179 MANZONI, ALESSANDRO. — Writer, born in Milan on 7 March 1785, died there on 22 May 1873. Outwardly, his life was that of a Milanese gentleman well provided…
MaonVol. VII, p. 1188 MAON. - City of the tribe of Judah. Mentioned together with Carmel and Ziph in Ios. 15, 55, it is commonly identified with present-day Tell Mâ'in, situated not…
Mapalico, Saint, Martyr(MAPPALICO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VII, p. 1188 MAPPALICO, saint, martyr. - An African, who perished during the persecution of Decius, he is commemorated in the Calendario cartaginese on 19 April, and in the…
Mar Aba I(MĀR ĀBĀ I)Vol. VIII, p. 27 MĀR ĀBĀ I. - Nestorian patriarch, b. at Ḥālè near the Tigris, ordained at the beginning of 540 and d. 29 Feb. 552. Converted to Christianity while employed as…
Mara (Hebrew: mārāh; Septuagint: Mérra Pikría)(MARA (EBR. MĀRĀH, SETTANTA ΜΈΡΡΑ ΠΙΚΡΊΑ))Vol. VIII, p. 27 MARA (Heb. Mārāh, Septuagint Μέρρα πικρία). - A spring of bitter water in the desert of Sur (v.), where the Israelites halted on the third day after the…
Marabotto, CattaneoVol. VIII, p. 27 MARABOTTO, CATTANEO. - A Genoese priest, of noble family (R. Sopranis [v. bibl.], p. 17) and of holy life, d. 1528. In 1504 he was rector of the male section…
Maracaibo, Diocese of(MARACAIBO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 27 MARACAIBO, DIOCESI di: v. ZULIA, DIOCESI di.
Maragall i Gorina, JoanVol. VIII, p. 27 MARAGALL I GORINA, JOAN. - Catalan poet, b. in Barcellona on 10 Oct. 1860, d. there on 20 Dec. 1911. He is one of the exponents of the Catalan revival. The…
Marajó(MARAJÒ)Vol. VIII, p. 27 MARAJÒ. – Nullius prelature in the State of Pará, Brazil. The prelature’s residence is in Souse. It extends over 42,000 sq km and has a population of 75,000,…
Maramureș (Maramaros), Diocese of(MARAMURES (MARAMAROS), DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 28 MARAMURES (MARAMAROS), DIOCESE OF. — Diocese for the faithful of the Greek-Romanian rite in northern Romania, with its see at Baia Mare, erected by Pius XI…
Maran, PrudenceVol. VIII, p. 28 MARAN, PRUDENCE. - Benedictine patrologist and theologian of the Congregation of St. Maur, b. at Sézanne (Marne) on 14 Oct. 1683, d. at Paris on 2 Apr. 1762.…
MaranaThaVol. VIII, p. 28 MARANATHA. – Aramaic expression, used by St Paul at the close of I Corinthians (16:22). He does not translate it for his Greek recipients, which suggests that…
Marangoni, GiovanniVol. VIII, p. 28 MARANGONI, GIOVANNI. — Priest and archaeologist, born at Valdagno di Vicenza ca. 1672, died at Rome on 5 February 1753. At Rome, he was Boldetti’s collaborator…
Maranhão, Diocese of(MARANHAO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 28 MARANHAO, DIOCESI di: v. SAN LUIGI di MARAGNANO, DIOCESI di.
Maratonius(MARATONIO)Vol. VIII, p. 28 MARATONIO. — Bishop of Nicomedia, who lived in the 4th century and was elevated to that see by Macedonius of Constantinople (342–60), probably being deposed by…
Maratti, CarloVol. VIII, p. 29 MARATTI, CARLO. — Painter, born in Camerano (Ancona) on 15 May 1625, died in Rome on 15 December 1713. Representative and leading master of the pictorial…
Marbodus of Rennes (Rhedonensis)(MARBODO DI RENNES (RHEDONENSIS))Vol. VIII, p. 29 MARBODO di RENNES (Rhedonensis). - Bishop and poet, who, together with Ildeberto di Lavardin and Baudri di Bourgueil (d. 1130), is regarded as one of the…
Marburg School(MARBURGO, SCUOLA DI)Vol. VIII, p. 30 MARBURGO, SCHOOL of. - It is one of the two principal tendencies of German neo-Kantianism; its founder was Hermann Cohen (v.; 1842-1918); and its principal…
Marburg, Diocese of(MARBURG, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 30 MARBURG, DIOCESI di: v. LAVANT, DIOCESI di.
Marc, ClémentVol. VIII, p. 30 MARC, CLÉMENT. – Redemptorist, born at Jouy-sous-les-Côtes (Verdun) on 24 July 1831, died in Rome on 27 January 1887. He taught moral theology to his confrères…
Marca, Pierre deVol. VIII, p. 30 MARCA, PIERRE de. – Bishop, born in Gan (Basses-Pyrénées) on 24 January 1594. After a brilliant political career in his country, having become a widower he…
Marcal Marzal (Marçal), FrancescoVol. VIII, p. 30 MARCAL MARZAL (MARÇAL), FRANCESCO. - Lullist, Franciscan of the province of Majorca, of which he was also superior, b. at Mahon (Minorca) in 1591, d. on 27 May…
Marcella, Saint(MARCELLA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 30 MARCELLA, saint. – Noble Roman widow, disciple of s. Girolamo. Born around 335, while still very young she came to know s. Atanasio (339 or 340) and the two…
Marcellian, Saint, Martyr(MARCELLIANO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 30 MARCELLIAN, Saint, martyr: v. MARCO and MARCELLIAN.
MarcellianiVol. VIII, p. 30 MARCELLIANI: v. MARCELLO di ANCIRA.
Marcellina, Saint(MARCELLINA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 30 MARCELLINA, saint. — Elder sister of s. Ambrose, b. around 330, probably at Trier, where her father was prefect of the praetorium, d. in 398, most probably at…
MarcellineVol. VIII, p. 31 MARCELLINE. – A women’s religious institute, founded at Cernusco sul Noviglio (Milan) on 21 September 1838 by the provost, Mgr. Luigi Biraghi, and Sister…
Marcellino da CivezzaVol. VIII, p. 31 MARCELLINO da CIVEZZA. - Franciscan, historian of the missions of his Order, b. at Civezza (Imperia) on 29 May 1822; d. at Livorno on 27 March 1906. Professor…
Marcellino, Count(MARCELLINO, CONTE)Vol. VIII, p. 31 MARCELLINO, CONTE. - Born into a noble family in Illyria, he was chancellor to the heir apparent Giustiniano under the emperor Giustino I (518–27). At…
Marcellinus and Peter, Saints, Martyrs(MARCELLINO E PIETRO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. VIII, p. 32 MARCELLINO e PIETRO, santi, martiri. - Killed in Rome in 303 during the persecution of Diocletian. In the Martyrologium geronimiano they are commemorated on…
Marcellinus the Evangelist(MARCELLINO EVANGELISTA)Vol. VIII, p. 31 MARCELLINO EVANGELISTA. – Franciscan preacher (in the world Lorenzo Gerbi), so called from S. Marcello Pistoiese, born there on 2 November 1530, died in Rome,…
Marcellinus, Pope, Saint(MARCELLINO, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 31 MARCELLINO, PAPA, saint. — According to the Catalogus Liberianus, he succeeded Pope Caius on 1 July 296 and governed the Roman Church until 304. This is the…
Marcellinus, Priest(MARCELLINO, PRETE)Vol. VIII, p. 32 MARCELLINO, PRETE. - Together with Faustino, he wrote the so-called Libellus precum. Its original title is De confessione verae fidei, addressed (383–84) to…
Marcello, BenedettoVol. VIII, p. 34 MARCELLO, BENEDETTO. — Musician, born in Venice on 24 July 1686, died in Brescia on 24 July 1739. He obtained a degree in law, which enabled him to hold…
Marcellus and Apuleius, Saints, Martyrs(MARCELLO E APULEIO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. VIII, p. 40 MARCELLO e APULEIO, saints, martyrs. - The information concerning them is confused and intricate. M. is certainly a martyr of Capua, whereas A. is unknown to…
Marcellus I, Pope, Saint(MARCELLO I, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 34 MARCELLO I, POPE, saint. — Roman by origin, he succeeded Marcellinus in the Roman See, after several years of vacancy, caused first by the persecution of…
Marcellus II, Pope(MARCELLO II, PAPA)Vol. VIII, p. 39 MARCELLO II, PAPA. – Born at Montepulciano on 6 May 1501, died at Rome on 1 May 1555. Son of Ricciardo Cervini, a writer in the Apostolic Penitentiary under…
Marcellus of Ancyra(MARCELLO DI ANCIRA)Vol. VIII, p. 33 MARCELLO of ANCIRA. – Bishop of Ancira (Ankara), d. ca. 374, known in the history of the fourth century for having, in the struggle against Arianism and with…
Marcellus of Tangier, Saint, Martyr(MARCELLO DI TANGERI, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 40 MARCELLO of TANGIER, saint, martyr. — Centurion of the Trajan Legion, beheaded at Tingis (Tangier) in Mauretania on 30 October 298 because, disgusted by the…
Marcellus, Bishop of Apamea, Saint, Martyr(MARCELLO, VESCOVO DI APAMEA, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 34 MARCELLO, bishop of APAMEA, saint and martyr. - According to Eastern sources, born in Cyprus of a good family, died in 389. He embarked upon a career in the…
Marcellus, Saint, Martyr(MARCELLO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 32 MARCELLO, saint, martyr. - The information concerning him is intricate and controversial. In the Martyrologium Hieronymianum he is commemorated together with…
March, AusfasVol. VIII, p. 40 MARCH, AUSFAS. - He is the most representative poet of the Catalan Renaissance, born in Valenza about 1397, died there in 1459. His 128 poems, divided into…
Marchant (Marchantius), JacquesVol. VIII, p. 40 MARCHANT (Marchantius), JACQUES. - Theologian, priest of the diocese of Liège, born at Couvin (Namur) around 1585, died there in 1648. From 1616 he was parish…
MarcheVol. VIII, p. 40 MARCHE. — The M. (or the Marca), so called because of the frontier position that the region held in the early Middle Ages with respect to the Byzantine…
Marches Printing Houses(MARCHE TIPOGRAFICHE)Vol. VIII, p. 45 TYPOGRAPHICAL MARKS. — Typographical marks (or devices, or printers’ marks) are the symbolic signs used from the earliest incunabula (the oldest example is the…
Marches, Apostolic Vicariate of the Islands(MARCHESI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE)Vol. VIII, p. 44 MARCHESI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of the ISLANDS. - It comprises the M. Islands, discovered in 1595, which form part of the French Establishments of Oceania. It…
Marchesi, LuigiVol. VIII, p. 45 MARCHESI, LUIGI. - Liturgist, Vincentian missionary, b. in Roma on 15 Nov. 1825, d. in Firenze on 16 June 1872. He entered the Congregation of the Mission in…
Marchetti, GiovanniVol. VIII, p. 45 MARCHETTI, GIOVANNI. - Politician and writer, b. at Senigallia on 26 Aug. 1790, d. at Bologna on 28 March 1852. In 1848 he was Minister of Foreign Affairs in…
Marchi, GiuseppeVol. VIII, p. 46 MARCHI, GIUSEPPE. — Archaeologist and Jesuit, born in Tolmezzo (Udine) on 22 February 1795, died in Rome on 22 February 1860. He entered the Society of Jesus…
Marchiafava, EttoreVol. VIII, p. 46 MARCHIAFAVA, ETTORE. – Scientist, anatomopathologist, clinician, and humanist, born in Rome on 3 January 1847, died there on 25 October 1935. In 1871 he began…
Marchigiana School(MARCHIGIANA, SCUOLA)Vol. VIII, p. 47 MARCHIGIANA, SCUOLA: v. UMBRO-MARCHIGIANA, SCUOLA.
Marchisio, ClementeVol. VIII, p. 47 MARCHISIO, CLEMENTE. - Priest, founder of the Figlie di S. Giuseppe, b. at Racconigi (Turin) on 1 March 1833, d. at Rivalba Torinese on 16 Dec. 1903. Ordained…
MarciaVol. VIII, p. 47 MARCIA. - Favourite of the emperor Commodo from 183 onward, after having been the concubine of Ummidio Quadrato, nephew of Marco Aurelio. Dione Cassio…
Marcian and Nicander, Saints, Martyrs(MARCIANO E NICANDRO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. VIII, p. 48 MARCIANO and NICANDRO, saints, martyrs. - The information concerning them is extremely intricate. They are commemorated on different days and in different…
Marcian, Emperor of the East(MARCIANO, IMPERATORE D'ORIENTE)Vol. VIII, p. 47 MARCIAΝO, EMPEROR OF THE EAST. — Born perhaps in Thrace around 390, of humble origins, he made his way, as was customary at the time, through military service,…
Marcian, Saint(MARCIANO, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 47 MARCIANO, saint. — Born into a noble Roman family that had emigrated to Constantinople at the beginning of the 5th century, he was piously educated and…
Marcillat, Guglielmo di Pietro deVol. VIII, p. 48 MARCILLAT, GUGLIELMO di PIETRO de. – Painter, born in France at the Château of La Châtre, near Marcillat, from which he derived his name, and died at Arezzo in…
Marcion, Heretic(MARCIONE, ERETICO)Vol. VIII, p. 48 MARCION, HERETIC. — Born in Pontus around 85, died in Rome in the second half of the 2nd century. Nothing certain is known about his private life, but he seems…
Marco da Bologna, Blessed(MARCO DA BOLOGNA, BEATO)Vol. VIII, p. 50 MARCO da BOLOGNA, blessed. — Born in Bologna of the senatorial Fantuzzi family around 1405; died in Piacenza on 10 April 1479. He studied in Bologna, where at…
Marco y Catalan, Juan-FranciscoVol. VIII, p. 57 MARCO Y CATALAN, JUAN-FRANCISCO.—Cardinal, born in Bello (Saragozza) on 24 October 1771, died in Rome on 15 March 1841. Appointed archpriest of the Chapter of…
Marcolini, FrancescoVol. VIII, p. 57 MARCOLINI, FRANCESCO. - Bookseller, publisher, and printer, born at Forlì in the early years of the 16th century and died in Venezia after 1559. Having settled…
MarcomanniVol. VIII, p. 58 MARCOMANNI. — A Germanic population whose fortunes can be followed during the Roman Empire. The clear etymology of the name is universally accepted: men of the…
Marconi, GuglielmoVol. VIII, p. 58 MARCONI, GUGLIELMO. - Scientist, b. in Bologna on Apr. 25, 1874, d. in Rome on July 20, 1937. From his youth he showed a marked ten- (photo Felici) MARCONI,…
Marconi, RoccoVol. VIII, p. 59 MARCONI, ROCCO. - Painter, probably born in Treviso and died in Venice shortly before 13 May 1529. The earliest information concerning his activity dates from…
Marcus Aurelius (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), Roman Emperor(MARCO AURELIO (MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 56 MARCO AURELIO (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Emperor and philosopher, born in Rome on 26 March 121, died at Vindobona on 17 March 180. Of a…
Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor(MARCO AURELIO, IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 56 MARCO AURELIO, Roman emperor — Triumph of M. A. Relief in the Palazzo dei Conservatori — Rome. becoming its vice-prefect in 1786, and then prefect in 1801. He…
Marcus, Gnostic(MARCO, GNOSTICO)Vol. VIII, p. 55 MARCO, GNOSTIC. – A disciple of Valentino, he taught, according to Irenaeus (Haer., I, 7, 4, ed. W. Harvey, p. 121, I, 13, 5 of the ed. A. Stieren, p. 154), in…
MardinVol. VIII, p. 59 MARDIN. - A city located in south-eastern Turkey in the region called Tûr 'Abdîn, which comes under the following ecclesiastical jurisdictions: 1. Diocese of…
MardukVol. VIII, p. 60 MARDUK. - The national god of Babylonia bore the name of M., of Sumerian origin, since in the earliest period of the country he had been the local god of the…
MaredsousVol. VIII, p. 61 MAREDSOUS. - Benedictine abbey in the diocese of Namur (Belgium), founded by the Abbey of Beuron on land donated by the Desclée family. The monks, who arrived…
Marello, GiuseppeVol. VIII, p. 61 MARELLO, GIUSEPPE. - Bishop of Acqui, founder of the Oblates of S. Giuseppe, b. in Torino on 26 Dec. 1844, d. in Savona on 30 May 1895. Having moved to Asti at…
Marenzio, LucaVol. VIII, p. 62 MARENZIO, LUCA. – Musician, born at Cocceglio (Brescia) ca. 1553, died in Rome on 22 August 1599. A pupil of Giovanni Cotino, maestro di cappella at the…
Mareotti, TrebazioVol. VIII, p. 62 MAREOTTI, TREBAZIO. — Theologian and popular apostle of the Friars Minor Conventual, born in the first half of the 16th century at Penna S. Giovanni (Marche),…
MaresaVol. VIII, p. 62 MARESA. - A city of Judah (Josh. 15:44), fortified by Rehoboam (II Chron. 11:8). In the Greek period it was inhabited by Edomites and known under the name of…
Maresca, Antonio MariaVol. VIII, p. 62 MARESCA, ANTONIO MARIA. – Barnabite ascetical writer, born at Carovigno (Brindisi) on 24 November 1831, died in Rome on 26 March 1891. He entered the Order in…
Marescalco, GiovanniVol. VIII, p. 65 MARESCALCO, GIOVANNI : v. BUONCONSIGLIO, GIOVANNI. MARESCIALLO DI SANTA ROMANA CHIESA e CUSTODE DEL CONCLAVE : v. FAMIGLIA PONTIFICIA.
Maret, Henri-LouisVol. VIII, p. 65 MARET, HENRI-LOUIS. — Theologian, born at Merqueis on 20 April 1805, died in Paris on 16 June 1884. Ordained in 1830, he became famous for an Essai sur le…
Margaret (Antoniazzi) Da Cantiga(MARGHERITA (ANTONIAZZI) DA CANTIGA)Vol. VIII, p. 65 MARGHERITA (ANTONIAZZI) da CANTIGA. - A pious woman from Piacenza, known as the Devout, was born in Cantiga (Costageminiana) on March 9, 1502, and died in…
Margaret Mary Alacoque, Saint(MARGHERITA MARIA ALACOQUE, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 69 MARGHERITA MARIA ALACOQUE, saint. — Born on 22 August 1647 at Verosvres (Burgundy), died on 17 October 1690 at Paray-le-Monial. Even amid domestic occupations,…
Margaret Of Angoulême, Queen Of Navarre(MARGHERITA D'ANGOULÊME, REGINA DI NAVARRA)Vol. VIII, p. 67 MARGHERITA d'Angoulême, queen of NAVARRA. — Duchess of Alençon, then queen of Navarre, born at Angoulême on 11 April 1492, died at Odos-en-Bigorre on 21…
Margaret of Bavaria, Blessed(MARGHERITA DI BAVIERA, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 65 MARGHERITA di BAVIERA, blessed. - Duchess of Lorraine, b. in 1373 to Roberto III, Count Palatine of the Rhine, later Emperor of Germany (1400), and Elisabetta…
Margaret Of Città Di Castello, Blessed(MARGHERITA DI CITTÀ DI CASTELLO, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 66 MARGHERITA DI CITTÀ DI CASTELLO, blessed. - Dominican tertiary, called the blind woman of Metola after the village where she was born in 1287. In order to…
Margaret Of Cortona, Saint(MARGHERITA DA CORTONA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 66 MARGHERITA DA CORTONA, saint. — B. in 1247 at Laviano, then in the diocese of Chiusi, d. at Cortona on 22 February 1297, and therefore called da C. Left Having…
Margaret Of Faenza, Blessed(MARGHERITA DA FAENZA, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 66 MARGHERITA DA FAENZA, blessed. – Vallombrosan mystic, died a centenarian in 1330. A disciple of St. Umiltà (v.) in the monastery of S. Maria of Faenza, she…
Margaret of Hungary, Saint(MARGHERITA D'UNGHERIA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA d'UNGHERIA, saint. — Dominican nun, born toward the end of 1242 or at the beginning of 1243 to Bela IV, king of Hungary, and the Greek princess…
Margaret of Parma(MARGHERITA DI PARMA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA di PARMA. — Daughter of Carlo V, b. at Audenarde in 1522, d. at Ortona on 18 January 1586. In 1536 she married Duke Alessandro de' Medici, and in…
Margaret of Ravenna, Blessed(MARGHERITA DA RAVENNA, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA da RAVENNA, blessed. - B. at Russi (Faenza) in 1442, d. at Ravenna on 23 Jan. 1505. Blind from the age of two, from childhood she led a life of…
Margaret of Savoy, Blessed(MARGHERITA DI SAVOIA, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA di SAVOIA, blessed. — Daughter of Amedeo di Savoia, prince of Achaea, and of Caterina di Ginevra, b. at Pinerolo around 1390. In 1403 she married…
Margaret Of The Most Holy Sacrament, Venerable(MARGHERITA DEL S.MO SACRAMENTO, VENERABILE)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA del S.MO SACRAMENTO, venerable. - Carmelite mystic, in the world Marguerite Acarie, b. in Paris on 6 March 1590, d. there at the Petit Carmel in rue…
Margaret of Ypres, Blessed(MARGHERITA D'YPRES, BEATA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA d'YPRES, blessed. - Mystic, born in Ypres (Flanders) in 1216 to a bourgeois family, died there on July 20, 1237; she belongs to the Beguine movement…
Margaret, Queen of Scotland, Saint(MARGHERITA, REGINA DI SCOZIA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 68 MARGHERITA, queen of SCOTLAND, saint. — Great-granddaughter of s. Edoardo the Confessor, b. ca. 1045 in Hungary, where her family was in exile, d. 16 November…
Margaret, Saint(MARGHERITA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 65 MARGHERITA, saint. — Highly venerated in antiquity and the Middle Ages as one of the holy auxiliaries (v.) and particularly on behalf of women in childbirth.…
Margaritone Da ArezzoVol. VIII, p. 65 MARGARITONE da AREZZO I. MARGHERITA DA CASTELLO (Archivio della Postulazione dei padri Domenicani, Roma) MARGHERITA DI CITTÀ DI CASTELLO, beata - Detail from a…
Margotti, GiacomoVol. VIII, p. 69 MARGOTTI, GIACOMO. — Priest and journalist, b. at S. Remo on 11 May 1823, d. at Turin on 6 May 1887. The life of Don M. is indissolubly linked to that of the…
Margunios, MassimoVol. VIII, p. 70 MARGUNIOS, MASSIMO. - A sixteenth-century “theologian and orthodox believer.” Born in Candia (Crete) in 1549, he died in Venice on 1 July 1602, prematurely…
MariVol. VIII, p. 70 MARI. — Capital city on the middle Euphrates, today Tell el-Hariri. It underwent three distinct periods of renewed prosperity, as is shown by the French…
Maria Antonia of Saint Joseph(MARIA ANTONIA DI SAN GIUSEPPE)Vol. VIII, p. 107 MARIA ANTONIA di SAN GIUSEPPE. - M. A. de la Paz y Figueroa, b. at Santiago del Estero (Argentina) in 1730, d. at Buenos Aires on 6 March 1799. Having…
Maria Beatrice D'Este, Queen Of England(MARIA BEATRICE D'ESTE, REGINA D'INGHILTERRA)Vol. VIII, p. 107 MARIA BEATRICE d'Este, queen of ENGLAND. - B. in 1658, d. at St-Germain-en-Laye in 1718. Daughter of Alfonso IV, duke of Modena, she married in 1673 Giacomo di…
