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1,512 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
Paraná, Archdiocese of (PARANÀ, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
City and archdiocese of Argentina (South America), capital of the province of Entre Rios, situated on the left bank of the river of the same name. It has an… -
Paranoia
It generically meant madness, mental infirmity, until Boussier de Sauvages (1768), who was the first to reduce it to the concept of a particular form of mental… -
Parasceve
Day of preparation for the Sabbath. The Greek term Παρασκευή literally means "preparation." The Vulgate simply transcribes the term as p., without translating… -
Parasitism (PARASSITISMO)
It denotes that form of association between organisms of different species in which one of the two associates (the parasite) lives for a more or less long… -
Paraskeva (Parasceve), Saint (PARASKIVA (PARASCEVE), SANTA)
Sister of St. Euthymius, bishop of Madyta, born ca. 1023 at Kallicratia, Epivat and Mesembria (Thrace) on the Black Sea, died at Epivat ca. 1050. She entered a… -
Parastron (Barastron), Giovanni
Minorite, a Greek citizen of Constantinople, b. around the middle of the 13th century, d. at Constantinople in 1275. Versed in theology and in a knowledge of… -
Parato, Giovanni and Antonino (PARATO, GIOVANNI E ANTONINO)
GIOVANNI, teacher and educationist, b. at Sommariva Bosco (Cuneo) in 1816, d. at Turin in 1874. Ordained priest in Rome, he was professor of rhetoric in… -
Paray-le-Monial, Sanctuary of (PARAY-LE-MONIAL, SANTUARIO DI)
This town belongs to the diocese of Autun, an ancient Benedictine priory (10th century) and one of the most important holy places in France. The piety that… -
Parca
Par(i)ca, from Latin pario = I give birth (the etymologies from parco and partior are to be rejected), is the goddess, conceived at first as a single deity… -
Pardo de Tavera, Juan
Politician and cardinal, b. at Toro (Zamora) on 16 May 1472, d. at Toledo on 1 Aug. 1545; he studied at Salamanca and was elected rector of that University in… -
Pardon of Assisi, Indulgence of (PERDONO D'ASSISI, INDULGENZA DEL)
Also called the indulgence of the Portiuncula, because it is attached to the visit of the chapel of the Portiuncula, in the basilica of St. Mary of the Angels… -
Parental Authority (AUTORITÀ FAMILIARE)
AUTORITÀ FAMILIARE: v. FAMIGLIA. -
Parental Authority (PATRIA POTESTÀ)
I. NOTION AND GENERAL OUTLINE. - The legal institution of patria potestas may be defined as the complex of rights and duties that the law attributes to parents… -
Parentalia
In the ancient Roman religion this was the name of a series of days that began on February 13 and ended on the 21st of the same month. While this last day is… -
Parenti, Giovanni
Friar Minor, born, it seems, at Carmignano near Florence in the second half of the 12th century and died at Ornano (Corsica) in 1250. A doctor of… -
Parents (GENITORI)
I. DEFINITION. - Parents, from the Latin genitor, are those who generated us into life. St. Thomas calls them: "the particular principle of our being, as God… -
Parenzo, Pietro
From a noble Roman family, he was sent by Innocent III, at the request of the citizens, as rector or podestà of Orvieto in February 1199 with the mission of… -
Pareto, Vilfredo
Economist, from a Genoese family, b. 15 July 1848 in Paris, where his father Raffaele was an exile following the Genoese uprisings of 1834, d. at Céligny on 20… -
Parini, Giuseppe
Poet, b. at Bosisio (Brianza) on 23 May 1729, d. at Milan on 15 Aug. 1799. He studied at Milan in the Arcimboldi Schools, run by the Barnabites. In 1752 he… -
Paris, Archdiocese of (PARIGI, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
City and archdiocese, capital of France in the department of the Seine, which coincides with the ecclesiastical territory of the archdiocese. The archdiocese… -
Paris Foreign Missions Society (SOCIETÀ PER LE MISSIONI ESTERE DI PARIGI)
It is the oldest exclusively missionary Institute, founded in 1660 by the first apostolic vicars of eastern Asia, François Pallu (v.) and Pierre Lambert de la… -
Paris, François de
Jansenist deacon, b. in Paris on 30 June 1690, d. there on 1 May 1727. The firstborn son of a wealthy counselor in the Parliament of Paris, he preferred the… -
Parish (PARROCCHIA)
It is an institution of ecclesiastical origin, arising within the ambit of the diocese for the direct care of souls included in a determined territorial… -
Parish Priest (PARROCO)
He is a priest or a moral person to whom a parish (v.) is conferred in title, with the care of souls, to be exercised in subordination to the authority of the… -
Parish Registers (LIBRI PARROCCHIALI)
They are believed to have had a very ancient origin (they would be spoken of in Nov. 74, IV, 1-2 of Justinian). In the Middle Ages very few references to… -
Parish Vicar (VICARIO PARROCCHIALE)
He is the priest who takes the place of the parish priest in the exercise of the care of souls. There are five kinds of parish vicar. The actual or perpetual… -
Parisot, Pierre Curel (Father Norbert, Abbé Platel) (PARISOT, PIERRE CUREL (PADRE NORBERTO, ABBÉ PLATEL))
Writer, b. at Bar-le-Duc (Lorraine) in 1697, d. at Commercy (Lorraine) on 7 July 1769. A Capuchin in 1716, in 1736 he was appointed procurator general of the… -
Parker, Matthew (PARKER, MATTEW)
Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Norwich on 6 Aug. 1504, d. in May 1575; he became chaplain to Anne Boleyn in 1535, and vice-chancellor of the… -
Parliament (PARLAMENTO)
I. HISTORY. - The term parlamentum was used in the Middle Ages to indicate institutions that differed from one another, namely on the one hand the general… -
Parliamentary Privileges (PREROGATIVE PARLAMENTARI)
Traditionally, certain "prerogatives" (with consequent immunities) are recognized for parliamentarians (v. an example in the English bill of rights of 13… -
Parma, Diocese of (PARMA, DIOCESI DI)
A city at 49 m. above sea level, crossed by the river of the same name, not far from the right bank of the Po. It has an area of 2,100 sq km, with a population… -
Parmenas ("Constant") (PARMENAS (« COSTANTE »))
Sixth of the seven deacons chosen and consecrated by the Apostles to attend to the widows of the converted Hellenistic Jews (Acts 6:1-6). Since he has a Greek… -
Parmenian (PARMENIANO)
Donatist bishop of Carthage. St. Optatus (I, 5; III, 3) calls him a "foreigner" (peregrinus) and therefore not well informed about African affairs; from… -
Parmigianino, Francesco Mazzola, called Il (PARMIGIANINO, FRANCESCO MAZZOLA, DETTO IL)
Painter and engraver, b. in Parma, son of Filippo, a painter of the Bellini school, on 11 Jan. 1503, d. at Casalmaggiore on 24 Aug. 1540. Of his beginnings a… -
Parnaíba, Diocese of (PARNAIBA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Piauí in Brazil. It has an area of 25,679 sq km with a population of 275,214 inhabitants, of whom 275,000 are Catholics. It… -
Parnassianism (PARNASSIANESIMO)
A literary movement of the second half of the nineteenth century. The poets who more or less deserve the name of Parnassians began to group together around… -
Parocchi, Lucido Maria
Cardinal, b. at Mantua on 13 Aug. 1833, d. at Rome on 15 Jan. 1903. A priest in 1856, he was at Mantua a professor of moral theology, ecclesiastical history… -
Parochial Registers (REGISTRI PARROCCHIALI)
REGISTRI PARROCCHIALI: v. LIBRI PARROCCHIALI. -
Parousia (PARUSIA)
Greek term (παρουσία) which in the New Testament designates (16 times out of 24) the second coming of Jesus for the concluding phase of the messianic Kingdom.… -
Parravicini, Luigi Alessandro
Educationist, b. in Milan in 1800, d. in Venice on 4 Aug. 1880. Director for 16 years of the elementary schools of Como, he spent three autumns (1837-39) in… -
Parricide (PARRICIDIO)
In common usage it denotes the killing of the father or also the killing of the son by the father. In the penal field, parricide means the killing of a… -
Parsism (PARSISMO)
This is the name given to that small group of Persians who were followers of Zarathustra (v. PERSIANS, religion of) and who, not wishing to renounce their own… -
Partenius I, Patriarch of Constantinople (PARTENIO I, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)
He held this office from 1639 to 1644, when, forced to give up his place to his successor Partenio II (1645-51), he withdrew first to Cyprus, then to Chios… -
Parthians (PARTI)
A people of the Iranian group, living between the Caspian and the central Persian desert (the northern part of present-day Khorasan): the Parthava of the… -
Partiality (ACCETTAZIONE DI PERSONA)
An expression proper to ecclesiastical language, roughly synonymous with partiality. It is in fact used to designate a judgment (favorable or unfavorable)… -
Participation (COMPARTECIPAZIONE)
I. NATURE. - An agrarian contract by which the individual worker provides his labor for given crops, in return for compensation consisting of a predetermined… -
Participation (PARTECIPAZIONE)
Participation, or methexis (Gr. μέθεξις), as a philosophical concept receives its first determination in Platonism. Plato uses the term: 1) (together with… -
Participation in Crime (CONCORSO NEL DELITTO)
CONCORSO NEL DELITTO: v. COOPERAZIONE NEL DELITTO. -
Participationism (PARTECIPAZIONISMO)
The various forms of employee participation in the management or in the surplus profits of enterprises that have been implemented thus far represent… -
Parties (in Judgment) (PARTI (NEL GIUDIZIO))
Parties are natural or juridical persons who bring a claim or against whom a claim is brought for the application of the law and who act in their own name for… -
Paruta, Paolo
Politician and writer, b. in Venice on May 14, 1540, d. on Dec. 9, 1598. He studied in Padua. His political life follows various stages that go from his… -
Parzanese, Pietro Paolo
Canon, orator and poet, b. at Ariano di Puglia on 11 Nov. 1809, d. at Naples on 29 Aug. 1852. After a tormented adolescence, he was ordained a priest in 1831… -
Pas, Angelo del
PAS, ANGELO del: v. DEL PAS, ANGELO. -
Pascal, Albert
Oblate of Mary Immaculate, b. Aug. 3, 1848 at St-Genest-de-Bauzon (France), d. at Luynes on July 12, 1920. p. 129 ff.; G. Candeloro, P. P., in Rivista storica… -
Pascal, Blaise
French scientist and philosopher, b. at Clermont-Ferrand on 19 June 1623, d. at Paris on 15 Aug. 1662. Second son of Étienne P., magistrate and a good student… -
Pascal, Jacqueline
Third and last daughter of Etienne P. and of Antoinette Begon, after Gilberte and Blaise, b. at Clermont on 5 Oct. 1625, d. at Paris on 4 Oct. 1661. > (from E.… -
Pascarella, Cesare
Poet, b. in Rome on 28 Apr. 1858, d. there on 8 May 1940. He made his debut as a poet with Romanesco sonnets, which appeared in Capitan Fracassa, in which a… -
Pascendi Dominici Gregis
PASCENDI DOMINICI GREGIS »: v. MODERNISMO. -
Paschal Baylon, Saint (PASQUALE BAYLON, SANTO)
Patron of the Eucharistic Works, b. 17 May 1540 at Torre Hermosa (Aragon), d. at Villareal on 17 May 1592. Son of Martino B. and Isabella Jubera, he spent his… -
Paschal Candle (CERO PASQUALE)
It is a large candle, artistically decorated, blessed on Holy Saturday, and placed on a candlestick (often an artistic one, called the paschal candlestick) on… -
Paschale Mundo Gaudium
Hymn of Lauds in the common of the Apostles during the Easter season. The three stanzas of which it is composed are part of the hymn falsely attributed to St.… -
Paschal III, Antipope (PASQUALE III, ANTIPAPA)
Guido da Crema, as cardinal-priest of the title of St. Callixtus, when he took part in the election of Sept. 1159; and he was one of the two electors of the… -
Paschal II, Pope (PASQUALE II, PAPA)
A native of Pieda in Romagna, Raniero entered among the Cluniac monks, exercised the functions of abbot at St. Paul Outside the Walls, was elected cardinal… -
Paschal I, Pope, Saint (PASQUALE I, PAPA, SANTO)
He was elected pope the day after the death of Stephen V (25 Jan. 817) and consecrated on the 26th. He had previously been abbot of the monastery of S. Stefano… -
Paschal, Precept (PASQUALE, PRECETTO)
It is the obligation incumbent on all the faithful who have reached the age of discretion to approach Holy Communion within the so-called paschal time. I.… -
Paschal Preconio (PRECONIO PASQUALE)
PRECONIO PASQUALE: v. EXULTET. -
Paschal Term (TERMINUS PASCHALIS)
It is the date of the day that coincides with the XIV moon of the "first month" (nīzān, according to the Hebrew liturgical calendar), which fell on the spring… -
Paschasinus, Bishop of Lilybaeum (PASCASINO, VESCOVO DI LILIBEO)
He was already bishop in 440, when he was taken prisoner by the Vandals, who had landed in Sicily; during his captivity he was subjected to maltreatment, as he… -
Paschasius Radbertus (PASCASIO, RADBERTO)
Benedictine theologian and abbot, b. in the region of Soissons ca. 790, d. at Corbie ca. 865. A monk and scholastic at Corbie, in 822 he took part with his… -
Pascoli, Giovanni
Poet, b. 31 Dec. 1855 at S. Mauro di Romagna, d. at Bologna 6 Apr. 1912 and buried in the chapel, near the house, at Castelvecchio di Barga in the Lucchesia.… -
Pasolini, Giuseppe
Statesman, b. at Ravenna on 8 February 1815, d. there on 4 December 1876. Known and esteemed by Pius IX when the latter was bishop in Imola, he was called to… -
Pasqualigo, Zaccaria
Theatine religious, canonist and one of the classic authors in moral theology. Born in Verona in 1600, he taught philosophy in Padua, then scholastic theology… -
Pasquali, Luigi
Procurator general of the Order of the Mother of God, b. at Cori (Lazio) in 1846, d. at Rome on 15 Aug. 1905. For twenty years he preached in Italy and… -
Pasquier, Étienne (PASQUIER, ETIENNE)
Jurist and historian, b. in Paris on 7 April 1529, d. there on 31 Aug. 1615. He pleaded various cases of political importance, among them that of the… -
Passagini (Pasagini)
Heretics, also called Pas(s)agi, known especially in Lombardy in the second half of the 12th century, condemned in the constitution Ad abolendam of Lucius III… -
Passaglia, Carlo
Theologian and political-ecclesiastical writer, b. at Pieve S. Carlo (Lucca) on 9 May 1812, d. at Turin on 12 March 1887. Having entered the Jesuits on 18 Nov.… -
Passau, Diocese of (PASSAVIA (PASSAU), DIOCESI DI)
A diocese in Bavaria, existing in its present extent only from 1817 and 1821, but in ancient times one of the most extensive dioceses of Germany and a… -
Passavanti, Jacopo
Dominican, orator, writer, b. in Florence around 1302 to Banco and Francesca Tornaquinci, died there on 15 June 1357. He entered the convent of S. Maria… -
Passerini, Marc'Antonio
PASSERINI, MARC'ANTONIO: v. GENUA, MARC'ANTONIO. -
Passerini, Pietro
Dominican canonist, b. at Sestola (Modena) on 18 June 1597, d. at Rome on 21 June 1677. A religious at Cremona (1612), he studied at Bologna and taught at… -
Passeroni, Gian Carlo
Priest, poet, b. at Condamine di Lantosca (Nice) on 8 March 1713, d. at Milan on 26 Dec. 1803. A friend of Parini, who in the ode La tempesta addresses him… -
Passion (PASSIONE)
In ordinary language it indicates the impetuous force of an inclination toward a determinate object that manifests itself in the form of attraction or… -
Passionario
P. (from passionarius or passionale) or legendary is the collection of libelli devoted to the account of the life, martyrdom, translations and miracles of the… -
Passionei, Domenico
Cardinal, b. at Fossombrone on 2 December 1682, d. at Camaldoli (Frascati) on 5 July 1761. He attended the Clementine College of the Somaschi in Rome, then… -
Passiones Martyrum
PASSIONES MARTYRUM: v. ATTI DEI MARTIRI; LEGGENDE AGIOGRAFICHE. -
Passionists (PASSIONISTI)
PASSIONISTI: v. CHIERICI SCALZI DELLA S.MA CROCE E PASSIONE DI N. S. GESÙ CRISTO. -
Passionist Sisters (PASSIONISTE, SUORE)
Founded by St. Paul of the Cross, they had their Rules and Constitutions approved for the first time by Clement XIV in 1770. The first monastery was erected at… -
Passive Purifications (PURIFICAZIONI PASSIVE)
To remove from the soul the obstacles that stand in the way of full perfection (sins, vices, inordinate passions, purely natural tendencies), one must first… -
Pasteur, Louis
Born at Dôle on 27 Dec. 1822, died at Villeneuve-l'Etang on 28 Sept. 1895. He obtained the baccalaureate in letters (1840) at Besançon and in mathematics… -
Pasto, Diocese of (PASTO, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese of Colombia (South America), suffragan of the archdiocese of Popayan. It has an area of 8,000 sq km with a population of 400,000 inhabitants… -
Pastophorion (PASTOFORIO)
Hellenistic taste led the builders of Christian basilicas to conceal the apse's rotunda behind a straight wall; hence the creation, beside the sanctuary, of… -
Pastor (PASTORE)
PASTORE: v. ERMA. -
Pastoral Letters (PASTORALI, LETTERE)
Common appellation for the Pauline I and II Timothy (v.) and Titus (v.), - in the 17th century also called pontificiae (C. Magalianus) - justified by their… -
Pastoral Medicine (MEDICINA PASTORALE)
A particular discipline which, through the study of the relationships existing between medicine and morality, seeks to provide the priest with that knowledge… -
Pastoral Staff (PASTORALE)
A liturgical insignia proper to the bishop and to abbots in pontifical functions, except those of Good Friday and of the dead. To use it outside one's own… -
Pastoral Visit (VISITA PASTORALE)
It is the direct knowledge that, by means of inspection, the pastor acquires of the conditions of the territory entrusted to him, in order to identify its… -
Pastor Bonus
Journal of the Seminary of Trier, which began publication in 1889 under the direction of P. Einig and A. Müller. It deals with all the subjects that fall… -
Pastorelli
The name of p. (pastoureaux) was given in the Middle Ages to certain bands of peasants, among whom numerous shepherds were counted, who in rising up against… -
Pastor, Ludwig von
Historian, baron by imperial conferment (1908), b. at Aachen on > (phot. Enc. Catt.) > PASTEUR, LOUIS - Title page of Quelques réflexions sur la science en… -
Pastura, Antonio del Massaro da Viterbo, called Il (PASTURA, ANTONIO DEL MASSARO DA VITERBO, DETTO IL)
Painter of whom there is news for the first time in 1478, when he is remembered as a member of the Academy of St. Luke in Rome; d. between 1509 and 1516. No… -
Patagonia
From the Spanish patagones = big feet, a characteristic of the indigenous Tehuelche Indians. A region at the extreme tip of South America, discovered in 1520… -
Pataría (PATARIA)
Under this name is meant a politico-religious movement that took place in Milan in the second half of the 11th century, in the age of the Gregorian reform and… -
Patarines (PATARINI)
In common usage, from the 12th century this was the name given in Italy to those heretics who, rebellious against ecclesiastical authority, leaned more or less… -
Paten (PATENA)
From the Greek πατάνη = plate. It is a round metal plate, used already in ancient times at Mass, as an indispensable complement to the chalice and made of the… -
Patent (BREVETTO)
BREVETTO: v. PROPRIETÀ IMMATERIALE. > BREU, JÖRG THE ELDER - Flight into Egypt. Nuremberg, German National Museum. (photo German National Museum) BREVI AI… -
Paternalism (PATERNALISMO)
Any policy directed from above (emperor, king, lord) that takes account of the needs of the "subjects" is called paternalistic: whether in classical antiquity… -
Paternity, Research on (PATERNITÀ, RICERCA DELLA)
While from the ethical point of view the search for paternity may be considered in itself and by itself lawful, various civil codes, for reasons of expediency… -
Pater Noster
The prayer taught by Jesus to the Apostles, and for that reason called Oratio dominicalis. It is the prayer par excellence of the Christian, the model and type… -
Paterson, Diocese of (PATERSON, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the state of New Jersey, in the United States of America. > PATMOS - The bell tower of the monastery of St. John. (photo Alinari) The… -
Pater Superni Luminis
Hymn of Vespers for the feast of St. Mary Magdalene, composed by St. Robert Bellarmine. The scene that took place in Simon's house, in which the sinful woman… -
Pater, Walter
English critic and novelist, founder of the school of decadent aestheticism, b. at Shadwell on 4 Aug. 1839, d. at Oxford on 30 July 1894. In his Studies in the… -
Pathological States (STATI PATOLOGICI)
This designation generally refers to morbid conditions and organic or functional anomalies that are the cause of more or less troublesome physical, psychic, or… -
Patience (PAZIENZA)
A moral virtue, which aims at making one endure present evils in such a way as not to let oneself be inordinately dominated by sadness (Sum. Theol., 2ª-2ª, q.… -
Patmore, Coventry
English poet, b. at Woodford on 23 July 1823, d. at Lamington on 26 Nov. 1896. He converted to Catholicism in 1864. He is the poet of conjugal and family love… -
Patmos
Island in the Aegean, belonging to the Sporades group, south of Samos and west of Miletus. Of volcanic origin, it measures at most 12.500 km. and has a maximum… -
Patna, Diocese of (PATNA, DIOCESI DI)
The mission of Tibet (v.) was entrusted in 1703 to the Capuchins who, having been definitively expelled from that country in 1745, and then from Nepal where… -
Patriarchs (PATRIARCHI)
I. ORIGINS. - Already canon 6 of the Council of Nicaea (325) recognized as invested with a special supremacy the bishops of Alexandria (v.) for Egypt and… -
Patriarchs, Biblical (PATRIARCHI BIBLICI)
Descendants of Adam down to Noah (antediluvian) and of Shem down to Terah (postdiluvian). Also called P. are Abraham (v.), Isaac (v.), Jacob (v.), and other… -
Patricius of the Romans (PATRIZIO DEI ROMANI)
This dignity appears in Rome in the 8th century and lasts there with various interruptions until the 12th century. It is no longer a question of the ancient… -
Patrick, Saint (PATRIZIO, SANTO)
Apostle of Ireland. He was born in Britain to the deacon Calpurnius, who owned a small estate at Bannaven Taberniae, a locality that has not been identified.… -
Patrimony of Saint Peter (PATRIMONIO DI SAN PIETRO)
Originally this was the name given to the whole body of landed property of the Church of Rome, by analogy with the designation patrimonium principis, which in… -
Patripassianism (PATRIPASSIANISMO)
PATRIPASSIANISMO: v. MODALISMO. -
Patristic Florilegia (FLORILEGI PATRISTICI)
FLORILEGI PATRISTICI: v. PATROLOGIA. -
Patrizi, Costantino
Cardinal, b. in Siena on 4 Sept. 1798, son of Giovanni, hereditary standard-bearer of the Holy Roman Church and senator of Rome, and of Princess Cunegonda of… -
Patrizi, Francesco
Political writer and humanist, b. 24 February 1413 in Siena, d. 1494 in Gaeta, the city of which he was elected bishop on 23 March 1461 by Pope Pius II. He… -
Patrizi, Francesco da Cherso
Scholar and philosopher, b. 25 April 1520, d. in Rome in February 1597. He studied in Venice, in Ingolstadt and from 1547 in Padua. In Spain he was tutor to… -
Patrizi, Francesco Saverio
A distinguished exegete, b. in Rome on 19 June 1797, of an illustrious Sienese family, d. there on 23 Apr. 1881. He entered the Society of Jesus on 12 Nov.… -
Patrizi Montoro, Maddalena
A woman of action and a writer, b. in Florence on 11 July 1866, d. in Rome on 25 March 1945. Widowed by the Marquis Patrizi at the age of 42, she devoted… -
Patrobas
A member of the community of Rome whom Paul greets (Rom. 16:14) together with Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes... Hermas (some manuscripts reverse the order… -
Patrology and Patristics (PATROLOGIA E PATRISTICA)
Terms of Protestant origin. In 17th-century Lutheran theology people began to speak of a "theologia patristica" in the sense of a collection of patristic… -
Patronage (PATRONATO)
The concept of p. is the typical expression of a Catholic social position of the late nineteenth century that reflects a static vision of wealth and a… -
Patron (Liturgy) (PATRONO (LITURGIA))
I. NOTION. - P., in the liturgical sense, means a saint who, by ancient tradition or by legitimate election, is venerated with particular cult by the clergy… -
Patti, Diocese of (PATTI, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in Sicily, suffragan of Messina, with an area of 1,330 sq. km., a population of 218,000 inhabitants of whom 217,800 are Catholics, 40… -
Paucapalea (Pocapaglia)
Decretist; nothing is known of his life. It is commonly held that he was a monk, though it is not known whether he was a professor at Bologna and a… -
Paula of Rome, Saint (PAOLA ROMANA, SANTA)
Born in Rome on 5 May 347 into a Christian patrician family. Around the age of 15 she married Toxotius, a pagan but tolerant, by whom she had 5 children… -
Paul, Apostle, Saint (PAOLO, APOSTOLO, SANTO)
Apostle who spread Christianity among the Gentiles, b. at Tarsus (v.) in Cilicia in the first decade of the Christian era and martyred at Rome under Nero, in… -
Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, Saint (PAOLO, VESCOVO DI COSTANTINOPOLI, SANTO)
He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on 7 June; among the Greeks on 6 Nov. A native of Thessalonica, he entered the clergy of Constantinople, and while… -
Paul di Bernried (PAOLO DI BERNRIED)
Regular canon of St. Augustine, d. c. 1146. He wrote a Vita Gregorii VII (1128), the Vita Herlucae (1130) and several private letters to the clergy of Milan.… -
Paul di Burgos (PAOLO DI BURGOS)
Dominican exegete, b. at Burgos ca. 1353, d. there on 29 Aug. 1435. The son of a wealthy Jew, through a conscientious study of Sacred Scripture and of the… -
Paulicians (PAULICIANI)
A heresy of a dualistic-Gnostic character, in the Byzantine Empire. The name P. was given to the sect by its adversaries, either because of a supposed… -
Paul III, Pope (PAOLO III, PAPA)
Alessandro Farnese, b. at Canino in February 1468, belonged to the baronial Farnese family, with possessions on Lake Bolsena and south of Viterbo. Having… -
Paul II, Pope (PAOLO II, PAPA)
Pietro Barbo, son of a sister of Eugene IV, b. in Venice on 23 February 1417, d. in Rome on 26 July 1471. He was created cardinal by his uncle on 1 July 1440… -
Pauline Privilege (PRIVILEGIO PAOLINO)
The p. p. is the case of dissolution of a legitimate marriage, granted in favor of the faith by positive divine law; a privilege proclaimed by St. Paul (I Cor.… -
Paulinus, Bishop of Béziers (PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI BÉZIERS)
He occupied the see of this city in the first quarter of the 5th century (cf. L. Duchesne, Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule, 2nd ed., Paris 1907, p. 309)… -
Paulinus, Bishop of Trier, Saint (PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI TREVIRI, SANTO)
He is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on August 31. He succeeded Maximinus in the see of Trier in 349. He took part in the Council of Arles of 353… -
Paulinus, Bishop of York, Saint (PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI YORK, SANTO)
He was the apostle of the Saxon Heptarchy; the year of his birth is uncertain, he died at Rochester on 10 Oct. 644. From the monastery of St. Andrew on the… -
Paulinus of Nola, Saint (PAOLINO, VESCOVO DI NOLA, SANTO)
Meropius Pontius P., b. at Bordeaux of an illustrious Roman and Christian family in 352, d. at Nola on 22 June 431. He completed his studies in rhetoric at… -
Paulinus of Pella (PAOLINO DI PELLA)
Christian poet, probably a nephew of the poet Ausonius, b. in 376 at Pella in Macedonia, d. shortly after 460 in southern France. From the age of three he… -
Paulinus of Périgueux (Petricordia) (PAOLINO DI PÉRIGUEUX (PETRICORDIA))
Around 470, at the invitation of Archbishop Perpetuus, he wrote a Life of St. Martin in hexameters. The first 3 books are based on Sulpicius Severus's Vita s.… -
Paulinus, Patriarch of Aquileia (PAOLINO, PATRIARCA D'AQUILEIA)
Born in the Lombard Duchy of Friuli in the first half of the 8th century, died at Cividale on 11 January 802. As an artis grammaticae magister, a connoisseur… -
Paul I, Pope, Saint (PAOLO I, PAPA, SANTO)
Of noble Roman family, died in Rome on June 28, 767. He held various diplomatic missions, and on the death of his brother Stephen II (April 26, 757) he was… -
Paul I Romanov, Emperor of Russia (PAOLO I ROMANOFF, IMPERATORE DI RUSSIA)
B. 20 Sept. 1754, d. at St. Petersburg on 12 March 1801. Son of Peter III and Catherine II, he could never forgive his mother for the coup d'état of 1762 by… -
Paul IV, Pope (PAOLO IV, PAPA)
The election to the pontificate of Cardinal Marcello Cervini (Marcellus II), which took place on 10 April 1555, was like a breach opened in favor of the… -
Paulo Afiarta (PAOLO AFIARTA)
Cubicularius, antagonist of the primicerius Christopher (v.) in the latter's struggle to promote Charlemagne's protection of the Holy See. While, however… -
Paul of Samosata (PAOLO DI SAMOSATA)
Heretic of the 3rd century, bishop of Antioch from 260 to 268. I. LIFE. - P. appears in history only from his assumption to the see of Antioch, in 260. Born at… -
Paul of Thebes, Saint (PAOLO DI TEBE, SANTO)
First hermit, born around 234 in the Thebaid to well-to-do parents. According to his biographer St. Jerome, during the persecution of Decius, for fear of being… -
Paul of the Cross, Saint (PAOLO DELLA CROCE, SANTO)
Founder of the Passionists, in the world Paolo Francesco Danei, b. at Ovada (Alessandria) on 3 Jan. 1694, d. at Rome on 18 Oct. 1775. At the age of 19, hearing… -
Paul of Venice (Paolo Nicoletti) (PAOLO VENETO (PAOLO NICOLETTI))
Philosopher and theologian of the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine, b. at Udine ca. 1368, d. at Venice (according to other testimonies, at Padua) in 1429… -
Paulo (Iulius Paulus) (PAOLO (IULIUS PAULUS))
Roman jurist of the 3rd century A.D., whose place of origin and dates of birth and death are unknown. Probably a pupil of Cervidius Scaevola and an assessor of… -
Paulowich-Lucich, Stefano
Bishop, b. at Macarsca (Spalato) on 7 Aug. 1790, d. at Cattaro on 28 Feb. 1853. Sent to complete his studies at the Seminary of Padua, he was ordained a priest… -
Paulsen, Friedrich
Philosopher, b. at Langenhorn (eastern Silesia) on 16 July 1846, d. at Steglitz (Berlin) on 14 Aug. 1908. He began the study of theology in Erlangen, which he… -
Paul, Simone of (SIMONE DI SAN PAOLO)
Discalced Carmelite, in the world Paolo Franciosi, b. at Volterra on 5 Sept. 1572, d. at Milan on 6 Sept. 1622. He carried out his activity in Rome and in… -
Paul the Deacon (PAOLO DIACONO)
Monk and historian. What is known of his life is derived almost exclusively from his works. Of a noble Lombard family established at Cividale del Friuli since… -
Paulus, Nikolaus
Theologian, b. at Krautergersheim (Alsace) on 6 November 1853, d. at Munich on 23 January 1930. He studied at Strasbourg and in 1878 was ordained a priest.… -
Paulus of León, Saint (PAOLO, VESCOVO DI LEON, SANTO)
He was born at Penhoen (Brittany), around 487. From childhood he devoted himself to the study of Sacred Scripture under the guidance of St. Iltutus. Desirous… -
Paul V, Pope (PAOLO V, PAPA)
Born in Rome on 17 Sept. 1552, died there on 28 Jan. 1621. Camillo Borghese, from a family originating in Siena, having earned a degree in jurisprudence, held… -
Paumann, Conrad
Composer and performer of organ music, b. ca. 1410 in Nuremberg, d. in Munich on 24 January 1473. Blind from birth, he was organist of St. Sebaldus in… -
Pauperism (PAUPERISMO)
A phenomenon of a social nature whereby, in a given historical period and in a given territory, a part of the population comes to find itself in a general and… -
Pavement (PAVIMENTO)
PAVIMENTO: v. MUSAICO. -
Pavia
City and diocese, capital of the province of the same name in Lombardy. Over an area of 290 sq km it has a population of 141,348 inhabitants, of whom 141,298… -
Pavillon, Nicolas
Bishop, b. in Paris on 17 Nov. 1597, d. at Alet on 8 Dec. 1677. He assisted St. Vincent de Paul in the work of the missions and merited being proposed by him… -
Pavissich, Antonio
Jesuit, preacher, sociologist, b. 13 June 1851 at Split in Dalmatia, d. 30 Nov. 1913 at Naples. Having entered the Society of Jesus (1882), he was rector of… -
Pavone, Francesco
Exegete and ascetical writer, b. at Catanzaro in 1569, d. in the odour of sanctity at Naples on 25 February 1637. Having entered the Society of Jesus (1585)… -
Pavoni, Antonio, Blessed (PAVONI, ANTONIO, BEATO)
Dominican inquisitor and martyr, b. at Savigliano in 1326, d. at Bricherasio on 9 April 1374. He took the religious habit in the convent of Savigliano (ca.… -
Pavoni, Ludovico, Venerable (PAVONI, LODOVICO, VENERABILE)
Founder of the Sons of the Immaculate Conception, b. at Brescia on 17 Sept. 1784; d. there on 1 April 1849. Of keen intellect, he added to his literary studies… -
Pax Romana
It is a work of apostolate conceived on the international plane; it seeks to bring about, amid a bewildered world, the union of Catholic students and… -
Payen, George
Canonist, b. in Nantes on 15 April 1862, d. in Shanghai on 29 June 1940. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1880, after several years of teaching in France… -
Pázmány, Peter
Cardinal, theologian and controversialist, restorer of Catholicism in Hungary, b. at Nagyvárad (Grosswardein) on 4 Oct. 1570, d. at Poszony (Pressburg) on 19… -
Peace (PACE)
According to the well-known definition of St. Augustine, peace consists in the tranquillity of order, tranquillitas ordinis (De civ. Dei, 19, 13), and since… -
Peace, Instrument of (PACE, STRUMENTO DI)
A liturgical instrument, mentioned by the Missale romanum (Ritus servandus in celebr. Missa, tit. X, n. 3, n. 8); by the Caerimonia episcoporum (I, 24, 2, 6… -
Peace of God (PACE DI DIO)
The disintegration of the Carolingian Empire brought about the fading of that program of peace and justice which Charlemagne had identified with the imperial… -
Peacock (PAVONE)
The peacock, originally from India, was known in Israel perhaps already in the time of Solomon, then in Greece and in Rome. It was a sacred animal to Hera and… -
Pecci, Giuseppe
Cardinal, b. at Carpineto Romano (diocese of Anagni) on 15 Dec. 1807, d. at Rome on 8 Feb. 1890. Brother of Gioacchino, who later became Leo XIII, he pursued… -
Pecham, John (Ioannes Pecham, Peckham, Peccamus, Pechamus) (PECHAM, JOHN (IOANNES PECKAM, PECKHAM, PECCAMUS, PECHAMUS))
Franciscan theologian and philosopher, b. at Patcham (in Sussex, England) ca. 1215-20, d. 8 Dec. 1292. Around 1250 he entered the Order of Friars Minor at… -
Pecia
As a term of the medieval book industry, it originally meant the whole skin of a calf or other animal tanned for writing use (parchment) or the sheet itself… -
Peckam, John
PECKAM, JOHN: V. PECHAN, JOHN. -
Pecock, Reginald
Theologian, b. in Wales around 1395, d. at Thorney around 1460. He was bishop of St. Asaph (1444) and of Chichester (1450) and one of the most remarkable prose… -
Pecora
Symbol of the soul, it is known from the parable of the Good Shepherd (v.). Gregory of Nyssa, addressing the Good Shepherd with the sheep on his shoulders, >… -
Pécs, Diocese of (CINQUECHIESE, DIOCESI DI)
City (called Pécs in Hungarian and Fünfkirchen in German), episcopal see and capital of the province of Baranya in Hungary. Its origin goes back to very… -
Pécs, Diocese of (PECS, DIOCESI DI)
PECS, DIOCESI di: v. CINQUECHIESE, DIOCESI di. -
Pectoral (PETTORALE)
PETTORALE: v. RAZIONALE. -
Pectorius (PETTORIO)
Mutilated Greek inscription in 7 fragments found on June 24, 1839 in a polyandrion at St-Pierre-l'Estrier near Autun (Saône et Loire). The inscription consists… -
Peculation (PECULATO)
Qualified theft by one who, being a public official or entrusted with a public service and having by reason of his office or service the possession of money or… -
Peculium (PECULIO)
A legal institution of great importance in Roman law, intimately connected with the unitary conception, in civil and economic matters, of the family under the… -
Pedagogy (PEDAGOGIA)
From παῖς = child and ἄγωγὴ = the action of leading by the hand (Latin manuductio), it is the science and art of education. I. PEDAGOGY AS A SCIENCE. - Now… -
Pedagogy, Corrective (PEDAGOGIA EMENDATIVA)
It is the branch of pedagogy whose object is the education of children who differ in varying degrees from normal children and are usually designated by the… -
Pedersen, Christiern
Danish humanist and theologian, b. around 1480 at Helsing, d. there on 16 January 1554. He studied at the University of Greifswald in 1496 and was thereafter a… -
Pedicini, Carlo
Cardinal, b. at Benevento on 2 Nov. 1769, d. at Rome on 19 Nov. 1843. Having entered the prelature at a very young age, in 1814 he was a member of the… -
Pedrini, Giovanni, called Giampietrino (PEDRINI, GIOVANNI, DETTO GIAMPIETRINO)
Painter, active in the first half of the 16th century. The only dated work, if its disputed attribution is accepted, would be the altarpiece (1521) in Pavia… -
Pedrini, Teodorico
Missionary of St. Vincent de Paul, b. at Fermo on 30 June 1670, d. at Peking on 10 Dec. 1746. He entered the Congregation of the Mission in Rome on 24 Feb.…