1,014 articles
· 325 under La
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English index · Indice italiano
L'Antica Diocesi di LVol. VII, p. 911 THE ANCIENT DIOCESE OF L. — In 314 the first mention is found of Christian L., with the participation of its bishop Restitutus in the Council of Arles. After…
L'Aquila, Archdiocese of(L'AQUILA, ARCIDIÓCESI DEL)Vol. VII, p. 559 L'AQUILA, ARCHDIOCESE of. — Principal city of Abruzzo and provincial capital, with an area of 2,172 sq. km. and 115,000 inhabitants, all Catholics, of whom…
L'Ariscòla(ARISCOLA, L')Vol. I, p. 1121 ARISCOLA, L': V. SILVESTRO DI GIACOMO DA SULMONA.
L'Association Catholique(ASSOCIATION (L') CATHOLIQUE)Vol. II, p. 133 ASSOCIATION (L’) CATHOLIQUE. – Social journal, begun in Paris in January 1876 as an outgrowth of the famous Oeuvre des cercles catholiques d’ouvriers,…
L'Avenir(AVENIR (L'))Vol. II, p. 320 AVENIR (L'). – A celebrated French Catholic-liberal newspaper that existed for only two years (1830–31). It began publication immediately after the uprisings…
L'Avvenire d'Italia(AVVENIRE (L') D'ITALIA)Vol. II, p. 339 AVVENIRE (L') D'ITALIA. — Bolognese Catholic daily, founded on 1 November 1896, on the initiative of Cardinals Mauri and Svampa, by Giovanni Grosoli, president…
La Bigne, Marguerin deVol. VII, p. 483 LA BIGNE, MARGUERIN de. — Patrologist, born in 1546 or 1547 at Bernières-le-Patry (Normandy), died in Paris in 1589. He studied theology at Caen and Paris, and…
La Bouillerie, François-Alexandre Roulet deVol. VII, p. 483 LA BOUILLERIE, FRANÇOIS-ALEXANDRE ROULET de. – Ascetical writer, born in Paris on 1 March 1810, died in Bordeaux on 8 July 1882. Spiritual director at the…
La Boétie, Étienne de(LA BOÉTIE, ESTIENNE DE)Vol. VII, p. 483 LA BOÉTIE, ESTIENNE de. — French writer, born in Sarlat on 1 September 1530, died at Germignan (Bordeaux) on 18 August 1563. A counsellor at the Parliament of…
La Brière, Yves-Marie Leroy deVol. VII, p. 484 LA BRIÈRE, YVES-MARIE LEROY de. — Jesuit, writer on international law, born at Vif (Isère) on 30 January 1877, died at Buenos Aires on 25 February 1941.…
La Broise, RenéVol. VII, p. 485 LA BROISE, RENÉ. - Jesuit, theologian, b. at Laval on 26 March 1860, d. there on 10 February 1906. Prefect of studies at the Scholasticate of Jersey, he was…
La Bruyère, JeanVol. VII, p. 485 LA BRUYÈRE, JEAN. — French writer, born in Paris on 16 August 1645, died at Versailles on 11 May 1696. Of lower-middle-class origin, in 1673 he purchased a…
La Chaise-Dieu (Casa Dei)Vol. VII, p. 487 LA CHAISE-DIEU (Casa Dei). – Benedictine abbey formerly in the diocese of Clermont, currently in that of Le Puy-en-Velay, in the department of Haute-Loire. It…
La Chiaize, François deVol. VII, p. 487 LA CHIAIZE, FRANÇOIS de. — Confessor and spiritual adviser to Luigi XIV, born on 25 August 1624 at Château d'Aix (Forez), died on 20 January 1709 in Paris. He…
La Civiltà Cattolica(CIVILTÀ CATTOLICA (LA))Vol. III, p. 1022 CIVILTÀ CATTOLICA (LA) – Bimonthly journal of culture, published by the Italian Jesuits. The Jesuits had already been considering a periodical publication…
La Colombière, Claude, Blessed(LA COLOMBIÈRE, CLAUDE, BEATO)Vol. VII, p. 490 LA COLOMBIÈRE, CLAUDE, blessed. — Jesuit, propagator of devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, born at St-Symphorien d'Ozon (Dauphiné) on 2 February 1641, died…
La Combe, FrançoisVol. VII, p. 490 LA COMBE, FRANÇOIS. - Barnabite, born at Thonon (Haute-Savoie) around 1640, died at Vincennes on 29 June 1715. Superior of the College of Thonon (1677), then…
La Croix(CROIX, LA)Vol. IV, p. 594 CROIX, LA. — French Catholic newspaper founded in Paris on 16 June 1883 by the « Maison de la bonne presse », under the impetus and direction of the…
La Crosse, Diocese of(CROSSE, LA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. IV, p. 605 CROSSE, LA, DIOCESI di: V. LA CROSSE, DIOCESI di.
La Crosse, Diocese of(LA CROSSE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 492 LA CROSSE, DIOCESE of. - City in the State of Wisconsin in the United States: suffragan of Milwaukee, it includes the following 19 counties in the State of…
La Documentation Catholique(DOCUMENTATION CATHOLIQUE, LA)Vol. IV, p. 1024 DOCUMENTATION CATHOLIQUE, LA. – French bimonthly journal published by La bonne presse. Founded in 1919 by Fr. Boulesteix, who brought together in a single…
La Fayette, Marie-Madeleine deVol. VII, p. 497 LA FAYETTE, MARIE-MADELEINE de. — French writer, born in Paris in March 1634 to the Pioche de la Vergne family, of the lesser nobility; died there on 25 May…
La Forge, Louis deVol. VII, p. 498 LA FORGE, LOUIS de. – Physician and philosopher, born in Paris at the beginning of the seventeenth century. He practiced medicine at Saumur. He was a disciple…
La Fosse, Jacques deVol. VII, p. 498 LA FOSSE, JACQUES de. – Man of letters, born in Paris on 25 November 1621, died at Sedan on 30 April 1674. Admitted by s. Vincenzo to his Congregation, he was…
La Guéronnière, Louis-Étienne-Arthur Dubreuil Héllion, Viscount of(LA GUÉRONNIÈRE, LOUIS-ÉTIENNE-ARTHUR DUBREUIL HÉLION, VISCONTE DI)Vol. VII, p. 501 LA GUÉRONNIÈRE, LOUIS-ÉTIENNE-ARTHUR DUBREUIL HÉLION, viscount of. - French writer and politician, b. 6 Apr. 1816 at Dorat (Haute-Vienne), d. 23 Dec. 1875 in…
La Haye, Jean de (Sapin)Vol. VII, p. 501 LA HAYE, JEAN de (SAPIN). - Franciscan theologian, b. 20 March 1593 and d. 15 Oct. 1661 in Paris. He professed the Franciscan Rule in Andalusia, then taught…
La LVol. VII, p. 631 THE ORIENTAL BINDING. — The oriental binding, limited to the Mediterranean basin, was mentioned above insofar as in the 15th and 16th centuries it exerted an…
La Legname, Giovanni FilippoVol. VII, p. 507 LA LEGNAME, GIOVANNI FILIPPO. — Scholar, born at Messina into a noble Sicilian family around 1428, died perhaps in Spain after 1491, the year in which he is…
La Libre Belgique(LIBRE BELGIQUE, LA)Vol. VII, p. 781 LA LIBRE BELGIQUE. — A major French-language Catholic daily, the most widely circulated in Belgium, founded in 1883 and owned by the Jourdain family. Until…
La Luzerne, César-Guillaume deVol. VII, p. 509 LA LUZERNE, CÉSAR-GUILLAUME de. — Cardinal, apologist, defender of the rights of the Church during the period of the French Revolution, born in Paris on 17…
La Mettrie, Julien-Offroy deVol. VII, p. 530 LA METTRIE, JULIEN-OFFROY de. — Physician and philosopher, born in St-Malo on 25 December 1709, died in Berlin on 11 November 1751. He was a military physician…
La Moricière, Louis-Christophe-Léon Juchault deVol. VII, p. 533 LA MORICIÈRE, LOUIS-CHRISTOPHE-LÉON JUCHAULT de. — French general and commander-in-chief of the Papal army, born at Nantes into a noble Breton family on 5…
La Palma, Luis deVol. VII, p. 555 LA PALMA, LUIS de. - Jesuit, ascetical writer, b. at Toledo in 1550, d. at Madrid on 20 Apr. 1641. Having completed his studies, he was almost always in…
La Paz, Archdiocese of(LA PAZ, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 555 LA PAZ, ARCIDIOCESI di. — City and archdiocese in Bolivia, capital of the province of the same name. The archdiocese comprises the entire department of the…
La Plata, Archdiocese of(LA PLATA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 556 LA PLATA, ARCHDIOCESE of. – In Argentina, and the capital city of the province of Buenos Aires, it is situated on the right bank of the river of the same name.…
La Rioja, Diocese of(LA RIOJA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 562 LA RIOJA, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and capital city in the province of the same name in Argentina (South America). The diocese has an area of 98,000 sq km and a…
La Rochefoucauld, François deVol. VII, p. 562 LA ROCHEFOUCAULD, FRANÇOIS de. – Cardinal, born in Paris on 8 December 1558, died on 14 February 1645. Educated by his paternal uncle Jean, abbot of…
La Rochefoucauld-Bayers, François-Joseph de, Blessed(LA ROCHEFOUCAULD-BAYERS, FRANÇOIS-JOSEPH DE, BEATO)Vol. VII, p. 563 LA ROCHEFOUCAULD-BAYERS, FRANÇOIS-JOSEPH de, Blessed. - Bishop, b. at Angoulême on 28 Apr. 1736, d. at Paris on 2 Sept. 1792. Descended from a cadet branch of…
La Rochefoucauld-Bayers, PierreVol. VII, p. 563 LA ROCHEFOUCAULD-BAYERS, PIERRE - LOUIS de, Blessed. - French bishop and martyr, b. 12 Oct. 1744 at the château of Viviers, d. 2 Sept. 1792 in Paris. A…
La Rochejaquelein, Henri du Vergier, Count of(LA 'ROCHEJAQUELIN, HENRI DU VERGIER, CONTE DI)Vol. VII, p. 563 LA 'ROCHEJAQUELIN, HENRI du VERGIER, conte di. - Vendéan general, b. at the château of La Durbellière (Châtillon-sur-Sèvre) on 3 Aug. 1772, d. at Nouaillé on 4…
La Rochelle(ROCHELLE, LA)Vol. X, p. 620 ROCHELLE, LA: V. LA ROCHELLE.
La Rochelle, Diocese of(LA ROCHELLE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 563 LA ROCHELLE, DIOCESI di. - City and diocese in the department of Charente-Maritime (France), with which it shares its boundaries. It has an area of 6,800 sq.…
La Réunion, Diocese of(LA REUNION, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 561 LA REUNION, DIOCESI di: v. REUNION (LA), DIOCESI di.
La Serena, Diocese of(LA SERENA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 565 LA SERENA, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Coquimbo in Chile; it comprises the provinces of Atacama and Coquimbo. The diocese has an area of…
La Spezia(SPEZIA, LA)Vol. XI, p. 672 SPEZIA, LA: v. LUNI (LA SPEZIA), SARZANA, DIOCESI di.
La Spezia, Diocese of(LA SPEZIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 566 LA SPEZIA, DIOCESI di: v. LUNI, DIOCESI di.
La Taille, Maurice deVol. VII, p. 570 LA TAILLE, MAURICE de. – Jesuit theologian, born at Semblancay (Indre-et-Loire) on 30 November 1872, died in Paris on 23 October 1933. He entered religious…
La Tour du Pin, Charles-Humbert-René, Count of(LA TOUR DU PIN, CHARLES-HUMBERT-RENÉ, CONTE DE)Vol. VII, p. 579 LA TOUR DU PIN, CHARLES-HUMBERT-RENÉ, count of. — Marquis de La Charce, born on 1 April 1834 at Arrancy (Aisne), died at Lausanne on 4 December 1924. In 1871…
La Valette, Charles-Jean-Marie-Félix, Marquis of(LA VALETTE, CHARLES-JEAN-MARIE-FÉLIX, MARCHESE DI)Vol. VII, p. 589 LA VALETTE, CHARLES-JEAN-MARIE-FÉLIX, marquis of. – French politician and diplomat, born on 25 November 1806 at Senlis (Oise), died on 2 May 1881 in Parigi. A…
La Valette, Louis de Nogaret deVol. VII, p. 590 LA VALETTE, LOUIS DE NOGARET de. — Cardinal, b. at Angoulême on 8 February 1593, d. at Rivoli (Piedmont) on 28 September 1639. The youngest son of the Duke of…
La Vie Catholique(VIE CATHOLIQUE, LA)Vol. XII, p. 882 VIE CATHOLIQUE, LA. — French Catholic weekly, founded in 1924 by M.-F. Gay, intended for wide circulation and aimed at making known the activities of Catholics…
La Vie Intellectuelle(VIE INTELLECTUELLE, LA)Vol. XII, p. 882 VIE INTELLECTUELLE, LA. – Biweekly periodical of the Dominicans of the French province, published from 1928 to 1940 under the direction of Fr. Bernardot. It…
La Vie Spirituelle(VIE SPIRITUELLE, LA)Vol. XII, p. 897 VIE SPIRITUELLE, LA. – French monthly journal, founded in 1919 by the Dominicans of the theological school of St-Maximin, with the aim of guiding educated…
Labadie, JeanVol. VII, p. 479 LABADIE, JEAN. — A Quietist and Pietist, born at Bourg (Bordeaux) on 13 February 1610, died at Altona on 13 February 1674. After completing his studies at the…
LabanVol. VII, p. 479 LABAN. – Brother of Rebecca (v.) and uncle of Jacob (v.). He lived with his family of Thareite descent in Haran (v.), in Mesopotamia, where Abraham too had…
Labanca, BaldassarreVol. VII, p. 479 LABANCA, BALDASSARRE. – Philosopher and historian of religions, born at Avignon on 17 August 1829, died at Rome on 23 January 1913. He first taught history of…
LabaroVol. VII, p. 479 LABARO. - È il vessillo fatto eseguire dallo stesso imperatore Costantino, dopo aver avuto la visione di una croce luminosa con la scritta τῶτα (da A. Alföldi,…
Labastida Y Davalos, Pelagio AntonioVol. VII, p. 480 LABASTIDA Y DAVALOS, PELAGIO ANTONIO. — Mexican prelate, born on 21 March 1817 at Zamora (diocese of Mechoacan), died in 1891 at Oacalco. He attended the…
Labat, Jean-BaptisteVol. VII, p. 481 LABAT, JEAN-BAPTISTE. — Dominican missionary, writer, and traveler, born in Paris in 1663 (or 1664), died there on 6 January 1738. He made his profession in…
Labateca, Apostolic Prefecture of(LABATECA, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. VII, p. 481 LABATECA, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. — In the northeastern regions of Colombia, erected on 15 June 1945 from territory detached partly from the diocese of Nuova…
Labbe, PhilippeVol. VII, p. 481 LABBE, PHILIPPE. — Jesuit, bibliographer, and theologian, born at Bourges on 10 July 1607, died in Paris on 17 March 1667. He taught rhetoric, philosophy, and…
Labbeo, Saint(LABBEO, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 482 LABBEO, santo: v. TADDEO, santo.
Labeone, Marco AntistioVol. VII, p. 482 LABEONE, MARCO ANTISTIO. - Roman jurist, born perhaps in 43 B.C., died between A.D. 10 and 22. The son of a jurist who had been a follower of Pompeo and Bruto,…
Laberthonnière, LucienVol. VII, p. 482 LABERTHONNIÈRE, LUCIEN. — Oratorian, writer on the philosophy of religion, b. at Chazalet (Indre) on 5 October 1860, d. in Paris on 6 October 1932. Having…
LabicumVol. VII, p. 483 LABICUM. - The city of L., also called « Labicum Quintanense », was situated at the fifteenth mile on the Via Labicana, and from the third century onward had a…
Labor Contract(CONTRATTO DI LAVORO)Vol. IV, p. 275 EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT. — In ancient Roman society, where manual services were performed by slaves (operae illiberales), who were regarded as res, the employment…
Laborante, Cardinal(LABORANTE, CARDINALE)Vol. VII, p. 483 LABORANTE, cardinal. – Jurist and theologian, b. at Pontormo near Firenze at the beginning of the 12th century, d. about 1191. He studied in France, perhaps at…
Labour Legislation(LEGISLAZIONE DEL LAVORO)Vol. VII, p. 651 LEGISLAZIONE DEL LAVORO : v. LAVORO.
Labour, Charter of(LAVORO, CARTA DEL)Vol. VII, p. 601 LAVORO, CARTA DEL: v. CONTRATTO DI LAVORO. II. Collective labour agreement.
Labourism(LABURISMO)Vol. VII, p. 485 LABURISMO. — Labourism may be regarded as the beginning and subsequent development of that phase of the English workers’ movement corresponding to the workers’…
Labouré, Catherine, Saint(CATERINA LABOURÉ, SANTA)Vol. III, p. 674 CATERINA LABOURÉ, saint. — Born at Fain-les-Moutiers, in Burgundy, on 2 May 1806; died in Paris on 31 December 1876. Admitted to the seminary (novitiate) of…
LabradorVol. VII, p. 484 LABRADOR. – A vast (1.3 million sq km) peninsula of North America, lying between the Atlantic, Hudson Bay, and the lower course of the St Lawrence. Probably…
LabreaVol. VII, p. 484 LABREA. – Prelature nullius in the State of Amazonas in Brazil. It has an area of 201,506 sq. km. and 44,960 inhabitants, of whom 38,257 are Catholics; it has…
Labriola, AntonioVol. VII, p. 484 LABRIOLA, ANTONIO. - Theorist of socialism, born at Cassino on 2 July 1843, died at Rome on 12 Feb. 1904. He was professor of moral philosophy at the…
Labriolle, Pierre-Henri-Marie Champagne deVol. VII, p. 485 LABRIOLLE, PIERRE-HENRI-MARIE CHAMPAGNE de. — Distinguished Latinist and historian of Christian literature, born at Asnières (Seine) on 18 June 1874, died at…
Lac, Stanislas duVol. VII, p. 486 LAC, STANISLAS du. — Jesuit, organizer of social works, b. in Paris on 21 Nov. 1835, d. there on 30 Aug. 1909. He was first rector of the College of Le Mans…
Lacedonia, Diocese of(LACEDONIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 487 LACEDONIA, DIOCESI di. - City and diocese in the province of Avellino. It has 35,948 inhabitants, of whom 34,673 are Catholics, distributed among 11 parishes,…
LacernaVol. VII, p. 487 LACERNA. — Originally a short cloak of coarse wool, used in Asia and introduced into Rome by Lucullus; disdained by Augustus (Suetonius, Aug., 40), it was…
Lacework(MERLETTO)Vol. VIII, p. 441 MERLETTO. — M. or merlo, trina, pizzo, is a transparent fabric made by hand with a needle, bobbins, a crochet hook, and also with a shuttle, using thread of…
Lachat, EugèneVol. VII, p. 488 LACHAT, EUGÈNE. - Bishop of Basel, b. at Montavon (Canton of Bern) on 14 Oct. 1819, d. at Balerna in the Canton of Ticino on 1 Nov. 1886. Having completed his…
Lachelier, JulesVol. VII, p. 488 LACHELIER, JULES. — Philosopher, born on 27 May 1832 at Fontainebleau, died there on 18 January 1918. Professor at the Lycée of Caen (1864), he subsequently…
LachisVol. VII, p. 488 LACHIS. — An important city of southern Palestine, which in various periods served as a strategic position and stronghold. Sacred Scripture relates that L.,…
Lachmann, KarlVol. VII, p. 489 LACHMANN, KARL. — German Protestant philologist (1793–1851), professor in Berlin, famous not only for his works on Germanic studies and classical philology,…
Laclos, Pierre-Ambroise-François Choderlos de(LACLOS, PIERRE-AMBRISE-FRANÇOIS CHODERLOS DE)Vol. VII, p. 490 LACLOS, PIERRE-AMBRISE-FRANÇOIS CHODERLOS de. – French writer, born in Amiens on 18 October 1741, died in Taranto on 5 September 1803. He owes his fame to the…
Lacombe, AlbertVol. VII, p. 490 LACOMBE, ALBERT. – Born on 18 February 1827 in St-Sulpice (Canada), ordained a priest in 1850, and became an Oblate of Mary Immaculate in 1855; he died on 12…
Lacordaire, Henri-DominiqueVol. VII, p. 491 LACORDAIRE, HENRI-DOMINIQUE. — An eminent Dominican orator and apologist, born at Recey-sur-Ource (Côte-d’Or) on 12 May 1802, died at Sorèze on 21 November…
Lacroix, ClaudeVol. VII, p. 492 LACROIX, CLAUDE. - Jesuit, eminent moral theologian, b. at Dahlem (Luxembourg) on 7 Apr. 1652, d. at Cologne on 1-2 June 1714. He taught philosophy for three…
Lactantius(LATTANZIO)Vol. VII, p. 580 LATTANZIO. – Christian writer (3rd–4th century). I. Life. – Sources for the life of L. are several passages from his works, especially Inst., 1, 1, 8–10; 3,…
Lacunae of the Laws(LACUNE DELLE LEGGI)Vol. VII, p. 492 LACUNE DELLE LEGGI: v. INTERPRETAZIONE.
Lacunaria (Laquearia)Vol. VII, p. 492 LACUNARIA (Laquearia). – As in earlier civil buildings, in Christian basilicas the ceiling consisted of intersecting beams forming a coffered structure, which…
Lacunza y Díaz, Manuel de(LACUNZA Y DIAZ, MANUEL DE)Vol. VII, p. 492 LACUNZA Y DIAZ, MANUEL de. — Jesuit, theologian, b. in Santiago del Cile on 19 June 1731, d. in Imola on 18 June 1801. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1747.…
Laderchi, GiacomoVol. VII, p. 493 LADERCHI, GIACOMO. - Oratorian, historian, b. at Faenza c. 1678, d. at Rome 23 Apr. 1738. He devoted himself to hagiography and published various writings on…
Ladeuze, PaulinVol. VII, p. 493 LADEUZE, PAULIN. - Exegete and orientalist, titular bishop of Tiberiade, seventh rector of the Catholic University of Lovanio after its restoration in 1834, b.…
Ladies of Charity(DAME DELLA CARITÀ)Vol. IV, p. 676 DAME DELLA CARITÀ. – A charitable association founded by s. Vincenzo de' Paoli (1581–1660) at Châtillon-les-Dombes (Bresse) in Aug. 1617. Its original name was…
Ladies of Christian Instruction of Liège(DAME DELL'ISTRUZIONE CRISTIANA DI LIEGI)Vol. IV, p. 677 LADIES OF CHRISTIAN INSTRUCTION OF LIÈGE. — The origins of this institute go back to Mgr. M. De Broglie, bishop of Ghent, who gathered together (1815) a number…
Ladies of Nazareth(DAME DI NAZARETH)Vol. IV, p. 677 DAME DI NAZARETH. – A women’s religious institute founded at Montléan in 1821 by Duchess B. A. de la Rochefoucauld-Doudeauville for the religious education and…
Ladislas I, King of Poland, called Łokietek(LADISLAO I, RE DI POLONIA, DETTO ŁOKIETEK)Vol. VII, p. 493 LADISLAO I, king of POLONIA, called ŁOKIETEK. - Thus surnamed because of his small stature. Born in 1260, died on 2 March 1333, he is one of the most eminent…
Ladislas II Jagellon, King of Poland(LADISLAO II, JAGELLONE, RE DI POLONIA)Vol. VII, p. 493 LADISLAO II, Jagellone, king of POLAND. — Born in 1350, grand duke of Lithuania from 1377. The continual struggles against the Teutonic Knights and against his…
Ladislas III Jagellon, King of Poland(LADISLAO III, JAGELLONE, RE DI POLONIA)Vol. VII, p. 494 LADISLAO III, Jagellon, king of POLAND. — Son of Ladislao II, born in Kraków in 1424, he assumed power in 1438. In continuing his father’s policy, faced with…
Ladislas IV Vasa, King of Poland(LADISLAO IV, WASA, RE DI POLONIA)Vol. VII, p. 494 LADISLAO IV, Wasa, king of POLAND. — Son of Sigismund III Wasa, b. 9 June 1595, he succeeded in maneuvering skillfully between France and the Habsburgs during…
Ladislas of Gielniów, Blessed(LADISLAO DI GIELNIÓW, BEATO)Vol. VII, p. 493 LADISLAO di GIELNIÓW, blessed. — Born at Gielniów (diocese of Gniezno, in Poland) around 1440, he died as guardian of the convent at Warsaw on 4 May 1505. He…
Ladislas, King of Naples(LADISLAO, RE DI NAPOLI)Vol. VII, p. 493 LADISLAO, king of NAPOLI. - B. in Napoli on 11 February 1377, d. there on 6 August 1414. He succeeded (1386) his father Carlo III, assassinated at Buda.…
Ladislaus, King of Hungary and Croatia, Saint(LADISLAO, RE D'UNGHERIA E DI CROAZIA, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 494 LADISLAO, king of UNGHERIA and CROAZIA, saint. - Patron of Transilvania. Born in Poland in 1040, died at Nitra in Slovacchia on 29 July 1095. Son of Bela I and…
Lafage, Juste-AdrienVol. VII, p. 494 LAFAGE, JUSTE-ADRIEN. - Composer and musicologist, b. in Paris on 28 March 1801 (according to some, the 27th) (according to some, 1805), d. there on 8 March…
Lafayette in Indiana, Diocese of(LAFAYETTE IN INDIANA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 497 <<<TRANSLATE>>> Lafayette in Indiana, Diocese of. — City and diocese in the State of Indiana in the United States. It comprises the counties of Benton,…
Lafayette, Diocese of(LA FAYETTE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 497 LA FAYETTE, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the State of Louisiana, in the United States of America. The diocese comprises the counties of Acadia, Allen,…
Lafitau, Joseph-FrançoisVol. VII, p. 497 LAFITAU, JOSEPH-FRANÇOIS – Method of preparing food among the American Indians. Engraving from the original edition – Roms, copy in the library of Civiltà…
Laforêt, Nicolas-Joseph(LAFORÈT, NICOLAS-JOSEPH)Vol. VII, p. 498 LAFORÈT, NICOLAS-JOSEPH. - Belgian prelate and theologian, b. at Graide on 23 Feb. 1823, d. at Louvain on 26 Jan. 1872. He was professor and then rector…
Lagarde (Bötticher), Paul Anton deVol. VII, p. 498 LAGARDE (BÖTTICHER), PAUL ANTON de. — German Protestant Orientalist who wished to be considered a theologian, born in Berlin on 2 November 1827, died in…
Lagerlöf, SelmaVol. VII, p. 498 LAGERLÖF, SELMA. – Swedish writer, born at Mårbacka on 20 November 1858, died there on 16 March 1940. Doctor honoris causa of the University of Uppsala in…
Lagomarsini, GirolamoVol. VII, p. 499 LAGOMARSINI, GIROLAMO. — Jesuit, humanist, and philologist, born at Puerto S. Maria (Cádiz), but of Genoese origin, on 30 September 1698, died in Rome on 18…
Lagos, Archdiocese of(LAGOS, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 500 LAGOS, ARCHDIOCESE of. — From 1842 to 1860, the territory of the Gulf of Benin was under the jurisdiction of the apostolic vicar of the Two Guineas. In 1860,…
Lagrange, Giuseppe LuigiVol. VII, p. 500 LAGRANGE, GIUSEPPE LUIGI. – Mathematician, born in Turin on 25 January 1736, died in Paris on 10 April 1813. His name was originally Lagrangia. A student at…
Lagrange, Marie-JosephVol. VII, p. 500 LAGRANGE, MARIE-JOSEPH. — Dominican exegete, Albert by secular name, born at Bourg-en-Bresse on 7 March 1855, died at St-Maximin (Provence) on 10 March 1938.…
Lahore, Diocese of(LAHORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 501 LAHORE, DIOCESE of. — Tradition holds that St. Thomas the Apostle also preached in L. In 1591, invited by Akbar, emperor of the Mughals and the 7th descendant…
Laicism(LAICISMO)Vol. VII, p. 504 LAICISM. - A mentality of systematic opposition to every influence exerted upon men by a religious hierarchy, and particularly by the Catholic Church. The word…
Laimbeckhoven, Gottfried vonVol. VII, p. 506 LAIMBECKHOVEN, GOTTFRIED von. - Jesuit, missionary, b. in Vienna on 9 Jan. 1707, d. at Tung-Kia-hang (near Sou-tcheu) on 22 May 1787. Having departed for China…
Laire, François-XavierVol. VII, p. 507 LAIRE, FRANÇOIS-XAVIER. – Minim religious and bibliographer, born at Vadans in Franche-Comté on 10 November 1738, died at Auxerre on 27 March 1801. Passionate…
Laity(LAICI)Vol. VII, p. 503 LAICI. — In opposition to clerics (v. CLERO), this term designates in the CIC baptized persons who hold no rank in the ecclesiastical hierarchy, enjoy the…
Lajes, Diocese of(LAJES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 507 LAJES, DIOCESE of. - City and diocese in the State of S. Caterina in Brazil, suffragan of Florianopolis. The diocese has an area of 40,241 sq. km. and…
Lake Albert, Apostolic Vicariate of(LAGO ALBERTO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 499 LAGO ALBERTO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di – Administration of Confirmation in a church of the apostolic vicariate of L. A. LAGO ALBERTO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di –…
Lake Mweru, Apostolic Prefecture of(LAGO MOERO, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DEL)Vol. VII, p. 500 LAGO MOERO, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - It is situated in the south-eastern part of the Belgian Congo and takes its name from the lake that washes its eastern…
Lake, Kirsopp(LAKE, KIRSSOPP)Vol. VII, p. 507 LAKE, KIRSSOPP. — English philologist, born in Southampton on 7 April 1872, died in California in November 1946. He was professor of various theological…
Lalemandet, JeanVol. VII, p. 508 LALEMANDET, JEAN. – Theologian and philosopher of the Order of Minims, born in Besançon in 1595, died in Prague on 10 November 1647. He taught theology and…
Lalemant, CharlesVol. VII, p. 508 LALEMANT, CHARLES. — Jesuit, missionary, born in Paris on 17 November 1587, died there on 18 November 1674. He departed for Québec in 1625 as superior of the…
Lalemant, JérômeVol. VII, p. 508 LALEMANT, JÉRÔME. – Jesuit, missionary, brother of the preceding, b. in Parigi on 27 Apr. 1593, d. in Québec on 26 Jan. 1673. Professor of philosophy and…
Lallemand, Jacques(LALLEMANT, JACQUES)Vol. VII, p. 509 LALLEMANT, JACQUES - PHILIPPE. - Jesuit, theologian and writer, b. at St-Valéry-sur-Somme on 18 Sept. 1896, d. at Paris on 28 Aug. 1748. An editor of the…
Lallemand, Louis(LALLEMANT, LOUIS)Vol. VII, p. 509 LALLEMANT, LOUIS. — Jesuit, spiritual director, born in Châlons-sur-Marne in 1578, died in Bourges on 5 April 1635. Professor of philosophy at the College of…
Lamaism(LAMAISMO)Vol. VII, p. 509 LAMAISM. – It is the Buddhism of the “great vehicle” (māhāyāna), in the particular ritual form it has assumed in Tibet. The name derives from the word bla-ma…
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Antoine de Monet deVol. VII, p. 512 LAMARCK, JEAN-BAPTISTE-PIERRE-ANTOINE de MONET de. — Born on 1 August 1744 at Bazentin, a village in Picardy, and died in Paris on 18 December 1819. He had…
Lamarckism(LAMARCKISMO)Vol. VII, p. 512 LAMARCKISMO. — His fame rests chiefly on the evolutionary theory that bears his name (lamarckism), set forth in the Philosophie zoologique. He is also the…
Lamartine, Alphonse-Marie-Louis deVol. VII, p. 515 LAMARTINE, ALPHONSE-MARIE-LOUIS de. – French poet, writer, and politician, born at Mâcon on 10 October 1790, died in Paris on 28 February 1869. He completed…
Lamb(AGNELLO)Vol. I, p. 292 AGNELLO. — Born of the ram and the ewe, whose symbolism presents itself so immediately to the mind nocturnal? morning and evening, called ‘olat ha-tāmīd (Num.…
LambachVol. VII, p. 516 LAMBACH. - Benedictine abbey in Upper Austria, in the diocese of Linz; it has 5 incorporated parishes, an agricultural and horticultural school, and a retreat…
Lambardi, GiacomoVol. VII, p. 516 LAMBARDI, GIACOMO. — Quietist, born in Bevagna, lived in the 17th century. He had already been censured by the Holy Office of Perugia in 1642. Called by…
Lambert de La Motte, PierreVol. VII, p. 517 LAMBERT de la MOTTE, PIERRE. - B. on 28 Jan. 1624 at La Boissière (Calvados, France), he was first counsellor at the « Cour des Aides » of Rouen (1646) and…
Lambert of Saint-Bertin(LAMBERTO DI SAINT-BERTIN)Vol. VII, p. 518 LAMBERTO of SAINT-BERTIN. — Benedictine, born around 1061, died on 22 June 1125 at St-Bertin. He entered the monastery of St-Bertin (1070–72), where he later…
Lambert, King of Italy, Emperor(LAMBERTO, RE D'ITALIA, IMPERATORE)Vol. VII, p. 518 LAMBERTO, king of ITALY, emperor. — Son of Guido II, duke of Spoleto, and Ageltrude of the dukes of Benevento, he died near Marengo from a fall from his horse…
Lamberti, Family(LAMBERTI, FAMIGLIA)Vol. VII, p. 516 LAMBERTI, FAMIGLIA. — NICCOLÒ, Florentine sculptor whose individuality was disentangled only recently (1931) from that of Niccolò di Luca Spinelli da Arezzo,…
Lambertini, Imelda, Blessed(LAMBERTINI, IMELDA, BEATA)Vol. VII, p. 517 LAMBERTINI, IMELDA, blessed. — Dominican, born in Bologna around 1321–22, died there on 12 May 1333. A member of the noble Lambertini family, at the age of ten…
Lamberto (Lamprecht) of Ratisbon (Regensburg)(LAMBERTO (LAMPRECHT) DI RATISBONA (REGENSBURG))Vol. VII, p. 518 LAMBERTO (LAMPRECHT) of RATISBONA (REGENSBURG). - Franciscan mystical poet of the thirteenth century, of whom no information is available apart from his works.…
Lamberto of Hersfeld(LAMBERTO DI HERSFELD)Vol. VII, p. 518 LAMBERTO of HERSFELD. - Benedictine monk and historian. At about the age of twenty-five he entered the monastery of Hersfeld and probably directed its school.…
Lamberto, Saint(LAMBERTO, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 517 LAMBERTO, saint. - Bishop of Maastricht, born there between 633 and 638, died at Liège on 17 September of a year prior to 706. Of a wealthy family, he was…
LambesisVol. VII, p. 518 LAMBESIS. – In Numidia (present-day Algeria), on the Aures, along the Roman road toward the desert. It was the seat of the III Augusta legion from the…
LambethVol. VII, p. 519 LAMBETH. – Palace of the Anglican archbishop, primate of all England (v. CANTERBURY), from which the following are named: 1) the “L. Articles”; 2) the L.…
Lambeth Articles(ARTICOLI DI LAMBETH)Vol. II, p. 57 ARTICOLI DI LAMBETH: v. LAMBETH.
Lambillotte, LouisVol. VII, p. 519 LAMBILLOTTE, LOUIS. – Jesuit, composer, and palaeographer of sacred music, born at Hamaide (Charlevoix) on 27 March 1769, died at Vaugirard (Paris) on 22…
Lambrecht, Henry-CharlesVol. VII, p. 520 LAMBRECHT, HENRY-CHARLES. - Belgian theologian and bishop, b. in 1848, d. at Gand on 2 July 1889. Having graduated at Lovanio in 1875 with the well-known…
Lambruschini, Giovanni BattistaVol. VII, p. 520 LAMBRUSCHINI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - Theologian and bishop, elder brother of Card. Luigi, born at Sestri Levante on 28 Aug. 1755, died at Orvieto on 24 Nov.…
Lambruschini, LuigiVol. VII, p. 520 LAMBRUSCHINI, LUIGI. – Cardinal, Barnabite, born at Sestri Levante on 16 May 1776, died in Rome on 12 May 1854. He taught philosophy and theology at the…
Lambruschini, RaffaelloVol. VII, p. 521 LAMBRUSCHINI, RAFFAELLO. — Religious thinker and educational theorist, b. in Genoa on 14 Aug. 1788, d. at Figline Valdarno on 8 March 1873. He studied in Genoa…
LamechVol. VII, p. 522 LAMECH – Scroll of the book of L. (with the two fragments thus far able to be detached), found together with other Hebrew manuscripts in the Judean Desert at…
Lamego, Diocese of(LAMEGO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 523 LAMEGO, DIOCESI di. – City and diocese in the northern part of Portugal. It has an area of 2,751 sq. km., with a population of 224,969 inhabitants, of whom…
Lamennais (from 1834: Lamennais), Félicité-Robert de(LA MENNAIS (DAL 1834: LAMENNAIS), FÉLICITÉ-ROBERT DE)Vol. VII, p. 523 LA MENNAIS (from 1834: LAMENNAIS), FÉLICITÉ-ROBERT de. - French publicist and philosopher, b. at St-Malo on June 19, 1782, approx. two years after his brother…
Lamennais, Jean-Marie-Robert de, Venerable(LA MENNAIS, JEAN-MARIE-ROBERT DE, VENERABILE)Vol. VII, p. 527 LA MENNAIS, JEAN-MARIE-ROBERT de, venerable. — A distinguished educator and formidable opponent of Gallicanism, born at St-Malo (France) on 8 September 1780,…
Lamentabili Sane ExituVol. VII, p. 528 « LAMENTABILI SANE EXITU ». — Decree of the Holy Office of 3–4 July 1907 condemning 65 Modernist propositions. After the condemnation of Loisy’s books (1903),…
Lamentations(LAMENTAZIONI)Vol. VII, p. 528 LAMENTATIONS. — Five poems concerning the destruction of Jerusalem, to which the Septuagint prefixed the title ἐφῆναι, which also passed into the Vulgate:…
Lami, GiovanniVol. VII, p. 530 LAMI, GIOVANNI. - Scholar and theologian, born at S. Croce in Valdarno on 9 February 1697, died at Firenze on 6 February 1770. He studied law, mathematics,…
Laminne, JacquesVol. VII, p. 530 LAMINNE, JACQUES. - Theologian, b. in 1864 at Aerschot (Belgium), d. at Liège on 23 Oct. 1924. Having graduated with distinction in philosophy and theology at…
Lammens, HenriVol. VII, p. 530 LAMMENS, HENRI. - Jesuit, celebrated Islamologist, b. at Ghent on 1 Apr. 1862, d. at Beirut on 23 Apr. 1937. Having landed in Syria while still sixteen, he…
Lamormaini, WilhelmVol. VII, p. 533 LAMORMAINI, WILHELM. – Jesuit, confessor to Emperor Ferdinando II, born at La Moire Mannie in Luxembourg (hence his surname, which properly was Germay or…
Lamourous, Marie-Thérèse-Charlotte deVol. VII, p. 534 LAMOUROUS, MARIE-THÉRÈSE-CHARLOTTE de. — Born in Barsac (France) on 1 November 1754, died on 14 September 1836. Already during the French Revolution she had…
Lamp(LAMPADA)Vol. VII, p. 534 LAMPADA. — The use of the lamp for worship is found in every time and place, answering the need to illuminate sacred buildings; and since beeswax was always…
Lampe, Friedrich AdolfVol. VII, p. 535 LAMPE, FRIEDRICH ADOLF. - Reformed Protestant theologian, born at Detmold (Bremen) on 18 February 1683, died at Bremen in 1729. His university studies at…
Lampertico, FedeleVol. VII, p. 536 LAMPERTICO, FEDELE. - Economist and jurist, b. at Vicenza on 13 June 1833, d. there on 6 Apr. 1906. He taught at the University of Padua. He wrote a pamphlet…
Lamprecht, known as 'Der Pfaffe' (The Priest)(LAMPRECHT, DETTO «DER PFAFFE» (IL PRETE))Vol. VII, p. 536 LAMPRECHT, called «DER PFAFFE» (the Priest). - German poet of the first half of the 12th century, author of a poem on the life of Alexander the Great, composed…
Lampredi, UrbanoVol. VII, p. 536 LAMPREDI, URBANO. - Scholar, b. in Firenze on 13 Feb. 1761, Piarist in 1778, d. in Napoli on 23 Feb. 1838. An eminent Hellenist, a poet rivalling Monti and the…
Lampridio, ElioVol. VII, p. 536 LAMPRIDIO, ELIO. — One of the six writers to whom the compilation of the history of the Roman emperors from Hadrian (A.D. 117) to Numerian (284) is owed. He…
Lampronti, Isacco di SamueleVol. VII, p. 536 LAMPRONTI, ISACCO di SAMUELE. – Rabbi and physician, born in Ferrara in 1679, died there in 1756. He was a disciple of the rabbis Recanati and Sanguinetti of…
Lamuel (Heb. Lēmū'ēl and Lēmō'ēl; Septuagint: Ὑπὸ Θεοῦ = Lēmō'ēl)(LAMUEL (EBR. LĒMŪ'EL E LĒMŌ'EL; SETTANTA: ὙΠῸ ΘΕΟΥ͂ = LĒMŌ'EL))Vol. VII, p. 537 LAMUEL (Hebr. Lēmū'el and Lēmō'el; Septuagint: ὑπὸ θεοῦ = lēmō'el). — King of Massa (cf. Greek, Targum, Syriac, according to the most common reading). The…
Lamy, FrançoisVol. VII, p. 537 LAMY, FRANÇOIS. – Polemicist, born at Montireau in 1636, died at St-Denis on 11 April 1711. He was prior of the Benedictine abbey of St-Faron-de-Meaux, a…
Lamy, Thomas-JosephVol. VII, p. 537 LAMY, THOMAS-JOSEPH. — Biblical exegete and Orientalist, born at Ohey (Belgium) on 27 January 1827, died at Louvain on 30 July 1907. He taught biblical…
Lamy, Étienne-Marie-Victor(LAMY, ETIENNE-MARIE-VICTOR)Vol. VII, p. 537 LAMY, ETIENNE-MARIE-VICTOR. - French Catholic politician and writer, b. 2 June 1845 at Cize, in the Jura, d. 9 Jan. 1919 in Paris. He studied with the…
Lana Terzi, FrancescoVol. VII, p. 537 LANA TERZI, FRANCESCO. – Jesuit, mathematician, and physicist, born in Brescia on 10 December 1631, died there on 22 February 1687. He taught grammar at the…
Lancaster, Diocese of(LANCASTER, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 538 LANCASTER, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese in England. It has a population of 887,007 inhabitants, of whom 111,464 are Catholics, distributed among 88 parishes,…
Lancaster, JosephVol. VII, p. 538 LANCASTER, JOSEPH: V. MUTUO INSEGNAMENTO.
Lancellotti, FilippoVol. VII, p. 538 LANCELLOTTI, FILIPPO. - Cardinal, b. in Roma on 17 Aug. 1732, d. there on 13 July 1794. Having entered the prelature, he was appointed by Benedetto XIV…
Lancellotti, Giovanni PaoloVol. VII, p. 538 LANCELLOTTI, GIOVANNI PAOLO. - Canon lawyer, b. in Perugia in 1522, d. there on 23 Sept. 1590. At the request of Pope Paolo IV, he prepared over fifteen years…
Lancelotz, HenriVol. VII, p. 539 LANCELOTZ, HENRI. - Augustinian theologian and controversialist, b. in Belgium in 1576, d. at Antwerp on 11 Jan. 1643. He received his doctorate in theology at…
Lanchow, Archdiocese of(LANCHOW, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 539 LANCHOW, ARCHDIOCESE of. — In northwestern China. Erected under the name of the Apostolic Vicariate of Kansu on 21 June 1878, by division of the Apostolic…
Lanciani, RodolfoVol. VII, p. 539 LANCIANI, RODOLFO. — Archaeologist, born at Montecelio (Rome) on 1 January 1845, died in Rome on 21 May 1929. He pursued university studies in the Faculty of…
Lanciano, Archdiocese of(LANCIANO, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 540 LANCIANO, ARCIDIOCESI di - City and archdiocese in the province of Chieti. It has an area of 26,216 sq. km., with a population of 192,344 inhabitants, of whom…
Lancizio (Lanczycki or Łęczycki), Mikołaj(LANCIZIO (LANCZYCKI O ŁĘCZYCKI), MIKOLAI)Vol. VII, p. 541 LANCIZIO (Lanczycki or Łęczycki), MIKOLAI. — Jesuit, writer on ascetical theology, born at Nieswiesz (Lithuania) on 10 December 1574, died at Kowno (Lithuania)…
Land Reclamation(BONIFICA)Vol. II, p. 1080 LAND RECLAMATION. — In its etymological meaning (bonum facere), the term summarizes the work carried out by man in order to “make good” an environment that…
Landenberg, Hugo vonVol. VII, p. 541 LANDENBERG, HUGO von. — Bishop, born in 1457 at Hegi Castle near Winterthur (Switzerland), died at Meersburg in 1532. Between 1477 and 1480 he was canon and…
Landi, GaspareVol. VII, p. 542 LANDI, GASPARE. - Painter, b. at Piacenza on 6 Jan. 1756, d. there on 24 Feb. 1830. Abandoned as a youth by his father, he was taken in at the convent of S.…
Landi, StefanoVol. VII, p. 542 LANDI, STEFANO. - Musician, b. in Rome c. 1590, d. there c. 1655. In 1619 he became choirmaster to Marco Cornaro, bishop of Padua, then at the Madonna dei…
Landini, SilvestroVol. VII, p. 542 LANDINI, SILVESTRO. - Jesuit, popular missionary, born at Margrate, in Lunigiana, in 1503, died at Bastia in Corsica on 3 March 1554. Already a priest, he was…
Landino, CristoforoVol. VII, p. 542 LANDINO, CRISTOFORO. - Born at Pratovecchio in 1424, died at Firenze in 1498. He pursued his first studies at Volterra, and was subsequently a teacher at the…
Landino, FrancescoVol. VII, p. 543 LANDINO, FRANCESCO. - Musician, also called Franciscus de Florentia, Magister Franciscus, or the blind man of the organs. Born in Firenze in 1325 and died…
Lando di Sezze, Antipope(LANDO DI SEZZE, ANTIPAPA)Vol. VII, p. 543 LANDO di SEZZE, ANTIPAPA. — Of German origin, he was elected to the pontificate in September 1179 by the counts of the Roman Campagna, in opposition to…
Lando, GirolamoVol. VII, p. 543 LANDO, GIROLAMO. - Archbishop of Crete (c. 1458–93), entrusted with a pontifical legation in Silesia and Bohemia (1460–62), titular patriarch of Constantinople…
Landolfo da MilanoVol. VII, p. 543 LANDOLFO da MILANO. – Two chroniclers of this name are known: 1. L. SENTORE. – A Milanese ecclesiastic who lived between the 11th and 12th centuries; he wrote…
Landolfo SagaceVol. VII, p. 543 LANDOLFO SAGACE. - Perhaps a monk, he lived between the 10th and 11th centuries. Nothing is known of his personality: the only certainty is that he wrote…
Landone, Pope(LANDONE, PAPA)Vol. VII, p. 544 LANDONE, PAPA. — Almost nothing is known about this Pontiff. He was the son of a wealthy Lombard count from the Sabina, named Taino or Raino; he succeeded…
Landtspreger, Johannes(LANDTSPERGER, JOHANNES)Vol. VII, p. 544 LANDTSPERGER, JOHANNES. – German Carmelite, born between 1460 and 1470, probably at Landsberg am Lech (Swabia), died ca. 1528 at Bern (Switzerland). Having…
Landívar, Rafael(LANDIVAR, RAFAEL)Vol. VII, p. 543 LANDIVAR, RAFAEL. - Jesuit, humanist, b. at Guatemala on 29 Oct. 1731, d. at Bologna on 27 Sept. 1793. After teaching rhetoric and philosophy in the colleges…