1,014 articles
· 166 under Li
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English index · Indice italiano
Libanius(LIBANIO)Vol. VII, p. 746 LIBANIO. – Pagan rhetorician, born at Antioch in Syria in A.D. 314, died there in 393. He studied in Athens under the African rhetorician Diophantus, having as…
Libellus(LIBELLO)Vol. VII, p. 752 LIBELLO. — This is the written pleading by a party whereby the subject matter of the dispute which it is intended to institute is submitted to the competent…
Liber Censuum of the Roman Church(LIBER CENSUUM ROMANAE ECCLESIAE)Vol. VII, p. 756 LIBER CENSUUM ROMANAE ECCLESIAE. — This is the register of the periodic censuses owed to the Roman Church, under various titles, by monasteries, churches,…
Liber Diurnus of the Roman Pontiffs(LIBER DIURNUS ROMANORUM PONTIFICUM)Vol. VII, p. 757 LIBER DIURNUS ROMANORUM PONTIFICUM. - This title (which is not original) designates a collection of formulas for ecclesiastical documents, largely pontifical,…
Liber GenerationisVol. VII, p. 760 LIBER GENERATIONIS. — Latin chronicle, with data taken from Holy Scripture; list of rulers, ending in the year 234. Mommsen established that the L. g. is…
Liber MaiolichinusVol. VII, p. 764 LIBER MAIOLICHINUS. - An epic poem written in the 12th century, whose full title is: L. m. de gestis Pisanorum illustribus. It celebrates the victorious war…
Liber PontificalisVol. VII, p. 765 LIBER PONTIFICALIS. — This is the collection of the biographies of the bishops of Rome from s. Pietro to Pio II. Martino Polono was the first to attribute its…
Liber, LiberaliaVol. VII, p. 764 LIBER, LIBERALIA. – According to tradition, when in 495 B.C., following a famine, the Sibylline Books ordered the introduction into Rome of Greek divinities,…
Liberal Arts(ARTI LIBERALI)Vol. II, p. 65 ARTI LIBERALI. — The literary and scientific disciplines that, during the Middle Ages, constituted the propaedeutic instruction to philosophy and theology were…
Liberal Catholic Church(CHIESA CATTOLICA LIBERALE)Vol. III, p. 885 CATHOLIC LIBERAL CHURCH. — Two sects bore this name: one in Italy, the other in England. 1) In Italy, for some time, this name was given to a sort of little…
Liberal Protestantism(PROTESTANTESIMO LIBERALE)Vol. X, p. 124 LIBERAL PROTESTANTISM. — The liberal conception, which became established under this name not only in the political sphere but also in the…
Liberale da VeronaVol. VII, p. 752 LIBERALE da VERONA. — L. di Jacopo dalla Biava, or Biavo, illuminator and painter, b. in Verona around 1445 and d. there between 1526 and 1529. He is known to…
Liberalism(LIBERALISMO)Vol. VII, p. 753 LIBERALISM. - A movement inspired by the principle of freedom in every sphere, spiritual and political, which prevailed in Europe after the French Revolution…
Liberality(LIBERALITÀ)Vol. VII, p. 755 LIBERALITÀ. – The proper balance by which a person is disposed to spend or give away what he possesses, without going to excess through prodigality and without…
Liberata, Saint(LIBERATA, SANTA)Vol. VII, p. 756 LIBERATA, saint. — Unknown to the oldest hagiographic tradition, she was nevertheless greatly venerated in the Middle Ages; her existence is much debated and…
Liberatore, MatteoVol. VII, p. 756 LIBERATORE, MATTEO. - Philosopher and theologian (Int. Enc. Cult.) LIBER CENSUUM ROMANAE ECCLESIAE - Incipit of the original manuscript of the L. c. by Cencio…
Liberatus, Deacon of Carthage(LIBERATO, DIACONO DI CARTAGINE)Vol. VII, p. 756 LIBERATO, deacon of CARTAGINE. - Famous for his Breviarium causae Nestorianorum Eutychianorum. In 535 he was a member of an African embassy which went to Pope…
LiberiaVol. VII, p. 760 LIBERIA. - I. GEOGRAPHY. - It is the smallest (from 95,000 to 120,000 sq. km.) of the three independent states of Africa. It was founded in 1822 by American…
Liberian Catalogue(CATALOGO LIBERIANO)Vol. III, p. 630 CATALOGO LIBERIANO: v. CRONOGRAFO DEL 354.
Liberism(LIBERISMO)Vol. VII, p. 763 LIBERISMO. — Liberism is an economic liberalism and at the same time designates both a doctrine and an economic policy: the economic doctrine which holds that…
Liberius, Pope(LIBERIO, PAPA)Vol. VII, p. 761 LIBERIUS, POPE. — Nothing certain is known about his life before the papacy: according to the Liber Pontificalis, he was Roman by origin; according to the…
Liberius, Saint(LIBORIO, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 781 LIBORIO, saint. — Little is known of his life. He succeeded, apparently, Pavazio in the bishopric of Le Mans, which he governed for 49 years. He laboured…
Libermann, FrançoisVol. VII, p. 765 LIBERMANN, PAUL, venerable. — Born at Saverne (France) on 12 April 1802 and died at Parigi on 2 February 1852. The fifth son of the city’s rabbi, he was…
Libertines(LIBERTINI)Vol. VII, p. 775 LIBERTINI. — The word l., with the passage of time, has taken on various meanings. Calvin defined as l. the supporters of pantheistic theories who lived in…
LibertyVol. VII, p. 775 LIBERTY. — The artistic movement in Italy known by the name of L. or “floral style,” called in France and many other European countries Art nouveau, and in…
Librarian of the Holy Roman Church(BIBLIOTECARIO DI SANTA ROMANA CHIESA)Vol. II, p. 935 BIBLIOTECARIO DI SANTA ROMANA CHIESA. — At present, this is the title of the Cardinal entrusted with the supreme direction of the Vatican Library; attached to…
Library(BIBLIOTECA)Vol. II, p. 920 LIBRARY. - From the Greek βιβλιοθήκη, a repository of books. It is a collection of books selected according to organic criteria of subject matter, arranged and…
Library Science(BIBLIOTECONOMIA)Vol. II, p. 935 BIBLIOTECONOMIA. — B. (or, as was also said with a term that did not catch on, bibliothecology) is the science (others say: the art or the service) of…
Libreville, Apostolic Vicariate of(LIBREVILLE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 781 LIBREVILLE, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — It is located in French Equatorial Africa and originated from the Apostolic Vicariate of the Two Guineas (v. GUINEA).…
Libya(LIBIA)Vol. VII, p. 775 LIBIA. – Classical name originally attributed (5th century B.C.) to the entire African continent (although only a small part of it was known), and officially…
Licci(o), Giovanni, Blessed(LICCI(O), GIOVANNI, BEATO)Vol. VII, p. 798 LICCI(O), GIOVANNI, blessed. — Dominican preacher, born at Caccamo (Palermo) around 1426, died on 14 November 1511. At the age of fifteen he donned the…
License(LICENZA)Vol. VII, p. 799 LICENZA. — An academic degree granted by ecclesiastical universities and faculties to ecclesiastical or lay students who, having completed the studies required…
Lichetto (Lecheto), Francesco(LICHETO (LECHETO), FRANCESCO)Vol. VII, p. 799 LICHETO (LECHETO), FRANCESCO. - Scotist theologian and minister general of the Friars Minor, b. at Lovere (Bergamo), d. at Budapest on 15 Sept. 1520. He taught…
Lichow, Apostolic Prefecture of(LICHOW, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. VII, p. 799 LICHOW, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. — In the civil province of Hunan, in central China. Erected on 6 May 1931 by division of the apostolic vicariate of Changteh…
Lichudes Brothers(FRATELLI LICHUDES)Vol. V, p. 1023 FRATELLI LICHUDES: V. LICHUDI, GIOANNICIO E SOPRONIO.
Lichudi, Gioannicio and Sofronio(LICHUDI, GIOANNICIO E SOFRONIO)Vol. VII, p. 800 LICHUDI, GIOANNICIO and SOFRONIO. — Byzantine monks, born in Cephalonia: Gioannicio in 1633, Sofronio in 1652. They studied in Venice and then at the…
LiciaVol. VII, p. 800 LICIA. - A peninsular region of south-western Asia Minor, consisting inland of a high plateau, rugged and sparsely populated, and at its periphery of mountain…
Liciniano of Cartagena(LICINIANO DI CARTAGENA)Vol. VII, p. 800 LICINIANO of CARTAGENA. — Flourished in the years 582–602. According to the scant information gathered from s. Isidoro and from the writings of L., he was…
Licinius (Valerius Licinianus Licinius), Roman Emperor(LICINIO (VALERIUS LICINIANUS LICINIUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VII, p. 800 Valerius Licinianus Licinius ROMAN EMPEROR. — Born ca. AD 250 in Dacia Ripensis, that is, in the region south of the Danube which Aurelian had chosen to call…
Licitation(LICITAZIONE)Vol. VII, p. 801 LICITAZIONE. — It is the offer of a price made by several persons who take part, competing with one another, in a sale by auction or public bidding. The term…
Licitness(LICEITÀ)Vol. VII, p. 798 LICEITÀ. — L. is synonymous with the conformity of conduct to a type expressed in a rule. I. LEGAL LAWFULNESS. — When one speaks of l. in juridical language,…
Liddon, Henry ParryVol. VII, p. 803 LIDDON, HENRY PARRY. – Anglican canon of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London and preacher, born at North Stoneham (Hampshire) on 20 August 1829, died at…
Lidwina (Lidwige), Blessed(LIDWINA (LIDWIGE), BEATA)Vol. VII, p. 803 LIDWINA (LIDWIGE), blessed. - B. at Schiedam (Holland) in 1380, d. there on 14 April 1433. From her earliest childhood she showed signs of special devotion to…
Lie(MENZOGNA)Vol. VIII, p. 425 MENZOGNA. — From the Latin mentitio-onis, that is, a false assertion. With regard to the question of the nature and morality of lying, the opinions of scholars…
Liebaert, PaulVol. VII, p. 803 LIEBAERT, PAUL. - Palaeographer, b. at Courtrai (Belgium), 24 Sept. 1883; d. at Pallanza, 25 Aug. 1915. Doctor of philosophy and theology, graduate of the…
Lieber, Ernst MariaVol. VII, p. 803 LIEBER, ERNST MARIA. – German statesman, born at Camberg (Nassau) on 16 November 1838, died there on 31 March 1902. He studied philosophy and law. In 1870 he…
Lieber, MaurizioVol. VII, p. 804 LIEBER, MAURIZIO. — Politician and publicist, born in Blankenheim on 1 October 1790, died in Kamberg on 29 December 1860. In 1831 he published in Frankfurt a…
Liebermann, Bruno Franz LeopoldVol. VII, p. 804 LIEBERMANN, BRUNO FRANZ LEOPOLD. — Head of the theological school of Mainz, born at Molsheim (Alsace) on 12 October 1759, died at Strasbourg on 11 November…
LiechtensteinVol. VII, p. 804 LIECHTENSTEIN. – A small State (159 sq. km.) enclosed between the frontier of Austria (Vorarlberg) and that of Switzerland (S. Gallo and Grigioni). Capital:…
Liechtenstein, Alois vonVol. VII, p. 805 LIECHTENSTEIN, ALOIS von. – Opponent of liberalism, leader of the Catholic social movement in Austria, b. 18 November 1846 in Praga, d. 25 March 1920 in…
LiedVol. VII, p. 805 LIED. – A song in the German vernacular that arose, in the first centuries after the year 1000, with the development of the individual national languages. It…
Liegi, Diocese of(LIEGI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 805 LIEGI, DIOCESI of. — Diocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Belgium. It has an area of 6,283 sq. km., with 1,423,297 inhabitants, of whom…
Liepāja, Diocese of(LIEPAJA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 806 LIEPAJA, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese in Latvia. It has an area of 26,830 sq km and a population of 592,028 inhabitants, of whom 89,677 are Catholics, with…
Lietzmann, HansVol. VII, p. 806 LIETZMANN, HANS. — Protestant theologian, b. in 1875, d. in 1942. A disciple of the classical philologists H. Usener and Fr. Bücheler. This background in…
Lievens, ConstantinVol. VII, p. 806 LIEVENS, CONSTANTIN. - Jesuit, missionary, called the “Xavier of Chota-Nagpur,” b. at Moorslede (Flanders) on 11 Apr. 1856, d. at Louvain on 7 Nov. 1893.…
Life(VITA)Vol. XII, p. 946 LIFE. - I. PHILOSOPHY. - 1. Notions. In contemporary philosophical language, life (v.) strictly denotes "a set of phenomena (particularly: nutrition and…
LigamenVol. VII, p. 806 LIGAMEN. – A diriment impediment that prevents the valid and licit celebration of marriage by one who is bound by a previous valid marriage, even if it has not…
LiguriaVol. VII, p. 807 LIGURIA. – I. GEOGRAPHY. – Among the Italian regions, it is the least extensive (5,411 sq. km), but one of the most densely populated and economically…
LilienfeldVol. VII, p. 813 LILIENFELD. — Cistercian abbey in Lower Austria, diocese of St. Pölten; it has pastoral care of 17 incorporated parishes. Leopold VI, duke of Austria, founded…
Lilith(LİLİTH)Vol. VII, p. 813 LİLİTH. - A female demon, mentioned only once in the Bible (Isaiah 34:14), alongside the monsters and animals that will inhabit the earth on the "day of…
Lilla, Diocese of(LILLA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 814 LILLA, DIOCESE of. – Diocese and capital city of the département du Nord in France. It has an area of approximately 2,288 sq km and 1,077,399 inhabitants. The…
Lilybaeum(LILIBEO)Vol. VII, p. 813 LILIBEO. — Ancient diocese of Sicily, now Marsala in the province of Trapani. The date at which Bishop Gregorio lived is uncertain; he is remembered as a…
Lima, Archdiocese of(LIMA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 815 LIMA, ARCHDIOCESE of. – Archdiocese and capital city of Peru in South America. It has an area of 34,168 sq. km., with 1,031,000 inhabitants, of whom 842,000…
LimboVol. VII, p. 815 LIMBO. – From the Latin limbus (= hem, edge, border), it is the place and state of the souls who, having not deserved hell, could not, before the Redemption,…
Limburg, Diocese of(LIMBURGO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 817 LIMBURG, Diocese of. - City and diocese of Germany. The diocese comprises the Duchy of Nassau and the city of Frankfurt, to which were added in 1884 the…
Limerick, Diocese of(LIMERICK, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 818 LIMERICK, DIOCESE of. - Diocese and capital city of the county of the same name in Eire. It comprises most of the county of L. and a small portion of that of…
Limina ApostolorumVol. VII, p. 818 LIMINA APOSTOLORUM. - All residential bishops are obliged, at fixed periodic times, to visit and venerate the tombs (limina) of the Apostles and to present…
LimiteVol. VII, p. 823 LIMITE. — The l. (Greek πέρας, Latin terminus, German Grenze) is defined by Aristotle as “the extreme point of a thing: that first point, that is, beyond which…
Limoeiro, Diocese of(LIMOEIRO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 823 LIMOEIRO, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in the State of Ceará, Brazil. Over an area of approximately 20,000 sq km, the diocese has 295,000 inhabitants, of…
Limoges, Diocese of(LIMOGES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 823 LIMOGES, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the departments of Haute-Vienne and Creuse. It has an area of 11,085 sq. km. and a population of 522,442…
Limón, Apostolic Vicariate of(LIMON, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 825 LIMON, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di. — In Costarica. The mission of L. was promoted in 1880 by the second bishop of S. Giuseppe di Costarica, Msgr. Augusto Thiel,…
Linares, Diocese of(LINARES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 825 LINARES, DIOCESI di: v. MONTERREY, DIOCESI di.
Linares, Diocese of(LINARES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 825 LINARES, DIOCESI of. – Diocese and capital city of the eponymous province in Chile. The diocese, now covering an area of 12,380 sq. km, has 161,371…
Lincoln, AbrahamVol. VII, p. 825 LINCOLN, ABRAHAM. – American statesman, born at Big South Fork (Kentucky) on 12 February 1809, died at Washington on 15 April 1865. Of extremely humble origin,…
Lincoln, Diocese of(LINCOLN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 825 LINCOLN, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese in the State of Nebraska (U.S.A.), comprising the part of the State of Nebraska situated south of the Platte River. It…
Lindane (Latinized from Van der Linden or Lind), Wilhelm(LINDANO (LATINIZZATO DA VAN DER LINDEN O LIND), WILHELM)Vol. VII, p. 825 LINDANO (latinized from Van der Linden or Lind), WILHELM. - Polemicist, born in Dordrecht in 1525, died in Ghent on Nov. 2, 1588. In 1554 he became a professor…
Linde, Justin Timotheus BalthasarVol. VII, p. 826 LINDE, JUSTIN TIMOTHEUS BALTHASAR. - German jurist and statesman, b. 7 Aug. 1797 at Brilon (Westphalia), d. 9 June 1870 at Bonn. Extraordinary professor of law…
LindisfarneVol. VII, p. 826 LINDISFARNE. – Islet in the North Sea, today called Holy Island (Santa Island). At the invitation of King Oswald, St. Aidano, a monk and later bishop of Jona,…
Lindsay, Wallace MartinVol. VII, p. 826 LINDSAY, WALLACE MARTIN. - Palaeographer and philologist, b. at Pittenweem, Scotland, 12 Feb. 1858; d. at St. Andrews, 21 Feb. 1937. He studied at Edinburgh,…
Lingard, JohnVol. VII, p. 827 LINGARD, JOHN. - English polemicist and historian, b. at Winchester on 5 Feb. 1771, d. at Horbny on 17 July 1851. Ordained priest at York, he taught at…
Lingayen, Diocese of(LINGAYEN, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 827 LINGAYEN, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the Philippine Islands, suffragan of Manila. It extends over 9,567 sq. km. and has 1,263,456 inhabitants, of whom…
Linguistics(LINGUISTICA)Vol. VII, p. 833 LINGUISTICS. — Language is a complex activity in which physical, psychic, and spiritual factors concur in so harmonious and demanding a manner as to make it…
Linnaeus (Linné), Carl(LINNEUS (LINNÉ), KARL)Vol. VII, p. 837 LINNEUS (LINNÉ), KARL. VON. - Born at Råshult (Sweden) on 13 May 1707 and died at Uppsala on 10 Jan. 1778. Of humble origins, he inherited from his father a…
Linneborn, JohannesVol. VII, p. 836 LINNEBORN, JOHANNES. - German ecclesiastical historian, b. 5 March 1867 at Hagen (Westphalia), d. 22 Jan. 1933 at Paderborn. Ordained priest in 1892, he taught…
Lino da ParmaVol. VII, p. 837 LINO da PARMA. — Of the Friars Minor, born at Spalato (Dalmatia) on 30 Aug. 1866, died at Parma on 14 May 1924. His adopted homeland was Parma, where he first…
Lintsing, Apostolic Prefecture of(LINTSING, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. VII, p. 837 LINTSING, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. – In the province of Shantung (north-eastern China). It was erected on 5 April 1931 with 13 civil subprefectures detached…
Lintung, Apostolic Prefecture of(LINTUNG, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. VII, p. 837 LINTUNG, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - In western Manchuria. It was erected on 18 May 1937, with 7 civil subprefectures, detached from the apostolic vicariate of…
Linus, Pope Saint(LINO, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. VII, p. 837 LINO, POPE, saint. - According to the testimony of all the most ancient and trustworthy sources, he was the first successor of the Apostles on the Roman See.…
Linz, Diocese of(LINZ, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 838 LINZ, DIOCESI di. – City and diocese in Austria; it comprises the federal state of Upper Austria, 12,447 sq. km, with 1,042,000 inhabitants, of whom…
Lipa, Diocese of(LIPA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 848 LIPA, DIOCESI di. — In the Philippine Islands. It has an area of 5,159 sq. km, with 816,528 inhabitants, of whom 731,679 are Catholics. It comprises 70…
Lipari, Diocese of(LIPARI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 848 LIPARI, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese on the island of the same name in the Aeolian Archipelago. The diocese is suffragan to Messina and has 20,000…
LipoveniVol. VII, p. 849 LIPOVENI. - Romanian name for a sect of Russian «old believers» or «raskolniki» who rejected the ritual reforms for which the Patriarch Nikon of Moscow had…
Lippi, FilippinoVol. VII, p. 849 LIPPI, FILIPPINO. – Born in Prato between August 1457 and May 1458, to Filippo L. and Lucrezia Buti; died in Florence on 18 April 1504. He was raised in his…
Lippi, FilippoVol. VII, p. 849 LIPPI, FILIPPO. — Painter, born in Florence ca. 1406, died in Spoleto on 8 or 10 October 1469. He was a Carmelite in Florence, where he remained until 1432,…
Lippi, Franco, Blessed(LIPPI, FRANCO, BEATO)Vol. VII, p. 850 LIPPI, FRANCO, blessed. — A Carmelite, better known by the name Franco di Siena, born on 3 December 1211 at Grotti (near Siena), died on 11 December 1291 at…
Lippomano, LuigiVol. VII, p. 850 LIPPOMANO, LUIGI. — Bishop, born in Venice in 1500, died in Rome on 15 Aug. 1559. In July 1542 Paul III sent him as nuncio to Portugal, with the task of…
Lipsanotheca(LIPSANOTECA)Vol. VII, p. 853 LIPSANOTECA. — From the Greek λεβήσιον, “remains, relic,” with reference to the relics of the saints, and θήκη, “container”; hence, “reliquary, relic case.”…
Lipsius, Justus (Iustus Lipsius, Latinized from Joost Lips)(LIPSIO, GIUSTO (IUSTUS LIPSIUS, LATINIZZATO DA JOOST LIPS))Vol. VII, p. 853 LIPSIO, GIUSTO (Iustus Lipsius, Latinized from Joost Lips). — Flemish humanist and writer, born at Overyssche, near Brussels, on 18 October 1547 to a Catholic…
Lira, LiranoVol. VII, p. 853 LIRA, LIRANO: V. NICOLÒ DI LIRA.
Lisala, Apostolic Vicariate of(LISALA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 853 LISALA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - In the Belgian Congo, entrusted to the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Scheut Missionaries). It was erected on…
Lisbon, Patriarchate of(LISBONA, PATRIARCATO DI)Vol. VII, p. 853 LISBON, PATRIARCHATE OF. - In Portugal. It has an area of 15,000 sq. km. with 1,621,500 inhabitants, of whom 1,297,000 are Catholics. It has 324 parishes, 348…
Lishui, Diocese of(LISHUI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 854 LISHUI, DIOCESE of. - In the civil province of Chekiang, in central-eastern China. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture, under the name of Chuchow, on 2…
LisieuxVol. VII, p. 855 LISIEUX. — Ancient diocese and shrine, capital of an arrondissement in Calvados, in northern France (Normandy). Noviomagus of the Romans, capital of the…
Lismore, Diocese of(LISMORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 856 LISMORE, DIOCESI di: v. WATERFORD E LISMORE, DIOCESI di.
Lismore, Diocese of(LISMORE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 856 LISMORE, DIOCESE of. - It is located in the State of New South Wales in Australia and was erected on 10 May 1887 under the name of Grafton, its territory being…
Lissa, Diocese of(LISSA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 856 LISSA, DIOCESI di: v. LESINA, DIOCESI di.
Listeners(ASCOLTANTI)Vol. II, p. 89 ASCOLTANTI: v. PENITENZA.
Liszt, FranzVol. VII, p. 856 LISZT, FRANZ. — Musician, born at Raiding (Hungary) on 22 October 1811, died at Bayreuth on 31 July 1886. He displayed an exceptionally early aptitude for the…
Litanies(LITANIE)Vol. VII, p. 857 LITANIES. — I. GENERALITIES. — The word (from λιτανεία, “prayer”) has the general sense of prayer, and even more specifically that of supplication or…
Literary Genres (in the Bible)(GENERI LETTERARI (NELLA BIBBIA))Vol. V, p. 1185 LITERARY GENRES (IN THE BIBLE). — Sacred exegesis, whose “supreme norm is to discern and establish what the writer intends to say” (encyc. Div. affl. Sp.),…
Literary Property(PROPRIETÀ LETTERARIA)Vol. X, p. 111 LITERARY PROPERTY. — The “most sacred and most precious of properties” was first legally recognized by a decree of the French National Assembly concerning…
Lithography(LITOGRAFIA)Vol. VII, p. 860 LITHOGRAPHY. – From the Greek λίθος (“stone”) and γραφία (“writing”). It generically indicates any engraving (writing, drawing, figure, etc.) made on stone…
Litholatry(LITOLATRIA)Vol. VII, p. 860 LITOLATRIA: v. PIETRA, CULTO della.
Lithostrotos(LITHÓSTROTOS)Vol. VII, p. 860 LITHÓSTROTOS. – A Greek term (“stone layer,” “pavement”) corresponding to the Aramaic Gabbatha (“elevated place,” “height”), by which Io. 19:13 designates the…
Lithuania(LITUANIA)Vol. VII, p. 861 LITUANIA. — Baltic republic, which proclaimed its independence from the Russian Empire on 16 February 1918 and was annexed, as a federated republic, to the…
Litigation Pending(LITE PENDENTE)Vol. VII, p. 859 LIS PENDENS. — I. CONCEPT. — In the ordinary legal sense, the concept of l. p., or lis pendens, signifies the existence of proceedings in progress, that is, a…
Litoměřice, Diocese of(LEITMERITZ, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 663 LEITMERITZ, DIOCESI di: v. LITOMERICE, DIOCESI di.
Litta, AlfonsoVol. VII, p. 861 LITTA, ALFONSO. – A Milanese patrician of the Litta-Visconti-Arese family. Archbishop of Milan from May 1652; cardinal from 15 February 1666. He took great…
Litta, LorenzoVol. VII, p. 861 LITTA, LORENZO. - Cardinal, b. in Milano on 23 February 1756, d. at Monte Flavio in Sabina on 1 May 1820. He studied in Rome, at the Collegio Clementino, and…
Litta, PompeoVol. VII, p. 861 LITTA, POMPEO. — Milanese historian, b. 24 Sept. 1781, d. at Limido (Como) on 17 Aug. 1852. He took part at a very young age in various Napoleonic battles…
Little Brothers of Mary(PICCOLI FRATELLI DI MARIA)Vol. IX, p. 812 PICCOLI FRATELLI DI MARIA – House of Hermitage in 1939. Pernet (v.) and Mother Maria Antonietta di Gesù (Fage), for the free education of workers and their…
Little Brothers of Mary (Marist Brothers of the Schools)(PICCOLI FRATELLI DI MARIA (FRATELLI MARISTI DELLE SCUOLE))Vol. IX, p. 812 PICCOLI FRATELLI DI MARIA (FRATELLI MARISTI DELLE SCUOLE). — A male lay institute whose purpose is the instruction and education of youth in boarding schools…
Little Company of Mary(PICCOLA COMPAGNIA DI MARIA)Vol. IX, p. 805 PICCOLA COMPAGNIA DI MARIA. – Founded in Nottingham in 1877 by Maria Potter, with the assistance of Bishop Mons. Bogshawe. On 31 May 1886, the Sacred…
Little Daughters of Saint Joseph(PICCOLE FIGLIE DI SAN GIUSEPPE)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE FIGLIE DI SAN GIUSEPPE. – A religious congregation founded in Montréal on 26 April 1857 by the Sulpician priest Antonio Mercier. On 20 September 1897…
Little Daughters of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary(PICCOLE FIGLIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ E MARIA)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE FIGLIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ e MARIA. – Institute founded in Parma in 1865 by Anna Micheli, with the cooperation of Mons. Agostino Chieppi. On 8…
Little Dominican Sisters of the Child Jesus(PICCOLE SUORE DOMENICANE DEL BAMBINO GESÙ)Vol. IX, p. 812 LITTLE DOMINICAN SISTERS OF THE CHILD JESUS. — Religious congregation founded at St-Nicolas-de-Beaune (diocese of Dijon, France) by the parish priest Vittore…
Little Flowers Of Saint Francis(FIORETTI DI SAN FRANCESCO)Vol. V, p. 833 FIORETTI DI SAN FRANCESCO. – The complete title, according to the manuscripts, would be: Fioretti, miracles and devout examples of the glorious poor man of…
Little Mission for the Deaf(PICCOLA MISSIONE PER I SORDOMUTI)Vol. IX, p. 805 PICCOLA MISSIONE PER I SORDOMUTI. - Religious congregation founded in Bologna in 1890 by the priest brothers Giuseppe and Cesare Gualandi and approved by the…
Little Rock, Diocese of(LITTLE ROCK, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 861 LITTLE ROCK, DIOCESI di. - City and diocese in the State of Arkansas (U.S.A.). Its boundaries coincide with those of the State of Arkansas. The diocese has an…
Little Servants of B(PICCOLE SERVE DELLA B)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE SERVE DELLA B. M. V. IMMACOLATA DEL TERZORDINE DI SAN FRANCESCO. – Founded in the diocese of Warsaw in the nineteenth century. They received the decree…
Little Servants of the Immaculate Conception(PICCOLE SERVE DELL'IMMACOLATA CONCEZIONE)Vol. IX, p. 806 LITTLE SERVANTS OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. - In 1850, in western Poland, Edmondo Bojanowski gathered several pious women in one of his houses and entrusted…
Little Servants of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus(PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRATISSIMO CUORE DI GESÙ)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRATISSIMO CUORE DI GESÙ. – Religious institute founded in Kraków in 1894 by Canon G. Sebastiano Pelzar, later bishop of Premislia. Its…
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart(PICCOLE ANCELLE DEL SACRO CUORE)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE ANCELLE DEL SACRO CUORE. – Congregation founded in 1916 by Bishop Liviero of Città di Castello. Purpose: to receive orphans and abandoned children,…
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart Missionary Catechists of the Blacks of Africa(PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE MISSIONARIE CATECHISTE DEI NERI DI AFRICA)Vol. IX, p. 811 PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE MISSIONARIE CATECHISTE DEI NERI DI AFRICA. — It originated in Mentone through the sisters Alice and Maria Teresa Munet, following…
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart of Jesus(PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ)Vol. IX, p. 811 PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ. – Founded in Turin in 1875 by Anna Michelotti of Annecy. The decree of praise and the first approval of the…
Little Sisters of Divine Providence(PICCOLE SUORE DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA)Vol. IX, p. 811 LITTLE SISTERS OF DIVINE PROVIDENCE. - Founded in 1899 at Alessandria by Teresa Grillo-Michel, inspired by a visit to the Piccola Casa of s. G. B. Cottolengo…
Little Sisters of Jesus of the Third Order of Saint Francis(PICCOLE SUORE DI GESÙ DEL TERZ'ORDINE DI SAN FRANCESCO)Vol. IX, p. 812 PICCOLE SUORE DI GESÙ DEL TERZ'ORDINE DI SAN FRANCESCO. – The Institute originated around 1850 at St-Loup (diocese of Lione). It is the fruit of the Christian…
Little Sisters of the Assumption(PICCOLE SUORE DELL'ASSUNZIONE)Vol. IX, p. 811 PICCOLE SUORE DELL'ASSUNZIONE. – They were founded in Paris in 1865 by Fr. Etienne.
Little Sisters of the Holy Family(PICCOLE SUORE DELLA SANTA FAMIGLIA)Vol. IX, p. 811 LITTLE SISTERS OF THE HOLY FAMILY. - An institute founded by Fr. Camillo Lefebvre, of the Congregation of Holy Cross, who in 1874 had summoned several sisters…
Little Sisters of the Poor(PICCOLE SUORE DEI POVERI)Vol. IX, p. 811 LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR. - Giovanna Jugan (b. at Cancalle in France in 1792, d. in 1879), at the beginning of 1839, took into her modest house at St-Servan…
Little Sisters of the Poor of Maiquetía(PICCOLE SUORE DEI POVERI DI MAIQUETIA)Vol. IX, p. 811 PICCOLE SUORE DEI POVERI DI MAIQUETIA. – Founded in 1889 by Fr. G. Machado (Archdiocese of Caracas) and Sister Emilia of St Joseph. Purpose: the care and…
Little Sisters of the Sick(PICCOLE SUORE DEI MALATI)Vol. IX, p. 811 PICCOLE SUORE DEI MALATI. – Founded by the priest G. B. Sevres and Gabriella Adele Raoux at Mauriac (diocese of St-Flour) in 1860. Their purpose is to care for…
Little Sisters of the Worker(PICCOLE SUORE DELL'OPERAIO)Vol. IX, p. 812 LITTLE SISTERS OF THE WORKER. - They were founded at Grenoble in 1880 by the Jesuit Fr. Sambin, with the approval of the bishop, Msgr. Fava. The purpose of the…
Little Sunda, Apostolic Vicariate of the Islands of the(PICCOLA SONDA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE DELLA)Vol. IX, p. 805 LESSER SUNDA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of the Islands of. — The territory, called « Kleine Sunda Eilanden », was detached on 16 September 1913 from the Apostolic…
Little Work of Divine Providence(PICCOLA OPERA DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA)Vol. IX, p. 805 PICCOLA OPERA DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA. — Religious congregation, founded at Tortona by d. Luigi Orione. Approved by the bishop in 1903, it received the decree…
Little Workers of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary(PICCOLE OPERAIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ E MARIA)Vol. IX, p. 806 PICCOLE OPERAIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ e MARIA. — Founded at Acri (diocese of Bisignano, Cosenza) by Fr. Francesco Maria Greco (d. 1931) and the devout young…
Littré, Maximilien-Paul-ÉmileVol. VII, p. 861 LITTRÉ, MAXIMILIEN-PAUL-ÉMILE. - Writer on science and philosopher, b. in Paris on 1 Feb. 1801, d. there on 2 June 1881. He studied medicine, but did not…
Liturgical Anointing(UNZIONE LITURGICA)Vol. XII, p. 558 LITURGICAL ANOINTING. — This is that performed with holy oils, by which the persons or objects receiving it are separated from the profane sphere to which they…
Liturgical Books(LIBRI LITURGICI)Vol. VII, p. 782 LITURGICAL BOOKS. — This is the name given to books containing the official formulas, together with the corresponding ritual prescriptions or rubrics, for the…
Liturgical Colors(COLORI LITURGICI)Vol. IV, p. 37 LITURGICAL COLORS. — According to the character of the day or occasion of the sacred function, various colors are prescribed for sacred vestments, namely…
Liturgical Ephemerides(EPHEMERIDES LITURGICAE)Vol. V, p. 263 EPHEMERIDES LITURGICAE. — A liturgical journal, originally in Latin, founded in Rome in 1887 by Rev. Calcedonio Mancini of the Mission, with the support of…
Liturgical Language(LINGUA LITURGICA)Vol. VII, p. 831 LITURGICAL LANGUAGE. – Language officially permitted in a given liturgical rite. I. NOTIONS. — The human word, with all its value as a precise expression of…
Liturgical Rotolo(ROTOLO LITURGICO)Vol. X, p. 832 LITURGICAL ROLL. – The liturgical ceremonies of Holy Saturday gave rise in southern Italy to a particular practice: the texts for the blessings of the paschal…
Liturgical Station(STAZIONE LITURGICA)Vol. XI, p. 778 LITURGICAL STATION. – Church in which liturgical services are celebrated on particular occasions. I. GENERAL NOTIONS. - Originally, statio meant the act of…
Liturgy(LITURGIA)Vol. VII, p. 866 LITURGY. - From λῆσον ἔργον = publicum opus (public work). Among the Greeks, it implied the concept of a public work undertaken for the good and in the…
Liutgarda, Saint(LIUTGARDA, SANTA)Vol. VII, p. 873 LIUTGARDA, santa: v. LUTGARDA, santa.
Liutprand(LIUTPRANDO)Vol. VII, p. 873 LIUTPRANDO. – Bishop of Cremona, of Lombard family, born in Pavia or its environs in the first decades of the 10th century, died between 971 and 972 during a…
Liutprand, King of the Lombards(LIUTPRANDO, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)Vol. VII, p. 874 LIUTPRANDO, king of the LONGOBARDI. — In 703, Ansprando, during the bitter struggles for succession to the Lombard throne, was forced to flee with his younger…
Liverani, FrancescoVol. VII, p. 875 LIVERANI, FRANCESCO. — Writer and polemicist, born at Castel Bolognese on 22 February 1823, died at Cortona on 28 February 1894. The author of works of sacred…
Liverpool, Archdiocese of(LIVERPOOL, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 875 LIVERPOOL, ARCHDIOCESE of. — City and archdiocese in England; it comprises the south-western part of Lancashire. Of its 2,374,824 inhabitants (1931 census),…
Livingstone, Apostolic Vicariate of(LIVINGSTONE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VII, p. 876 LIVINGSTONE, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - In Northern Rhodesia. Its territory (the province of Barotseland with the district of L., which properly belongs to…
Livinhac, LéonVol. VII, p. 876 LIVINHAC, LÉON. - B. on 13 July 1846, he entered the Society of the White Fathers in 1873. Five years later, in 1878, he left Marseilles at the head of the…
Livorno, Diocese of(LIVORNO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 876 LIVORNO, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and chief city of the province of the same name in Tuscany. Within an area of 290 sq. km., it has a population of 165,000, of…
Livrade, Saint(LIVRADE, SANTA)Vol. VII, p. 877 LIVRADE, santa: v. LIBERATA, santa. LJUBLJANA: v. LUBIANA.
