Benedict, Saint, Founder of the Benedictines(BENEDETTO, SANTO, FONDATORE DEI BENEDETTINI)Vol. II, p. 730 BENEDETTO, saint, founder of the Benedictines. SUMMARY: I. Life and mission. - II. Iconography. - III. Medal. - IV. The Rule. I. THE LIFE AND MISSION. - Around…
Benedictine Fasces(FASCE BENEDETTE)Vol. V, p. 639 FASCE BENEDETTE. — Such are called the swaddling bands which the popes used to send to newborn sons and daughters of kings, after blessing them. They were…
Benedictine Historical Review(RIVISTA STORICA BENEDETTINA)Vol. X, p. 603 RIVISTA STORICA BENEDETTINA. - Italian Benedictine historical periodical, at first quarterly and then (from 1912) bimonthly, founded in 1906 by an editorial…
Benedictine, Art(BENEDETTINA, ARTE)Vol. II, p. 715 BENEDETTINA, ARTE. - In the strict sense, the term designates—and for this reason is used by a large part of modern criticism—a movement in art that had its…
Benedictines(BENEDETTINI)Vol. II, p. 719 BENEDICTINES. – Under the generic name of Benedictines (B.) may be included all the numerous religious families that, over the centuries, have taken as their…
Benedictines of Divine Providence(BENEDETTINE DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA)Vol. II, p. 718 BENEDETTINE DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA. – Religious congregation founded at Voghera in 1855 by the sisters Giuseppina and Maria Schiapparoli, who had left the…
Benedictines of Lviv(BENEDETTINE DI LEOPOLI)Vol. II, p. 718 BENEDETTINE DI LEOPOLI. – Congregation of the Armenian rite. Founded in the second half of the 17th century, it received the Rule of St Benedict from Alexander…
Benedictines of Our Lady of Calvary(BENEDETTINE DI NOSTRA SIGNORA DEL CALVARIO)Vol. II, p. 718 Benedictine Sisters of Our Lady of Calvary. — Reform of the great Benedictine Order undertaken by Fr. Giuseppe da Tremblay, the illustrious Capuchin better…
Benedictines of Our Lady of Providence(BENEDETTINE DI NOSTRA SIGNORA DELLA PROVVIDENZA)Vol. II, p. 719 BENEDETTINE DI NOSTRA SIGNORA DELLA PROVVIDENZA. — Congregation founded by Sister Benedetta Cambiagio, who, with the consent of her husband Giovanni…
Benedictines of Perpetual Adoration of Clyde(BENEDETTINE DELLA PERPETUA ADORAZIONE DI CLYDE)Vol. II, p. 718 BENEDETTINE DELLA PERPETUA ADORAZIONE DI CLYDE. – A women’s congregation that originated through the work of several religious women from the Benedictine…
Benedictines of Saint Gertrude(BENEDETTINE DI SANTA GELTRUDE)Vol. II, p. 719 BENEDETTINE DI SANTA GELTRUDE. — In 1850, several monasteries of the B. in the United States, which lived independently and autonomously, began a movement…
Benediction(BENEDIZIONE)Vol. II, p. 758 BENEDIZIONE. — In its liturgical meaning, it is a rite performed by a sacred minister, whereby, through the invocation of God’s name, some good is conferred or…
Benedictional(BENEDIZIONALE)Vol. II, p. 758 BENEDIZIONALE. — A book containing the formularies to be used for the various blessings. An initial collection of these is found in the East in the…
BenedictusVol. II, p. 758 BENEDICTUS. - The canticle pronounced by Zacharias at the birth of his son Giovanni the Forerunner (Lc. 1, 67-79), so called from its first word in the Latin…
Benefial (Benefial), MarcoVol. II, p. 760 BENEFIAL (BENEFIAL), MARCO. - Painter, born in 1684 in Rome, died there in 1764. He is considered a precursor of Neoclassicism due to his passion for antiquity…
Beneficial Exchange(PERMUTA BENEFICIARIA)Vol. IX, p. 723 PERMUTA BENEFICIARIA. — This is a bilateral juridical transaction entered into between the two beneficiaries concerned, with the authorization of the Ordinary…
Beneke, Friedrich EduardVol. II, p. 767 BENEKE, FRIEDRICH EDUARD. — Philosopher, born in Berlin on 17 February 1798, died there on 1 March 1854. The work of B., spiritually connected with that of G.…
BenemerentiVol. II, p. 768 BENEMERENTI. – This is the title of the medal instituted by the Supreme Pontiffs, from Pius VII onward, for those who, by outstanding deeds, have merited a…
Benepiacitum Apostolicum(BENEPLACITUM APOSTOLICUM)Vol. II, p. 768 BENEPLACITUM APOSTOLICUM. – The consent or approval of the Holy See, called b. a., is required for the validity of certain acts contemplated in the CIC. Thus,…
Benet (Bonet), Juan BautistaVol. II, p. 768 BENET (BONET), JUAN BAUTISTA. – Catalan Carmelite, ascetical and pedagogical writer of the 17th century. Originally from Olot (diocese of Gerona), he was…
Benet, Cyprian(BENET, CIPRIANO)Vol. II, p. 768 BENET, CIPRIANO. - Dominican writer, b. at Albeda (Aragon) around 1460 and d. between 1522 and 1530. Around 1500, for reasons of study, he was in Paris, where…
Beneventan, Script and Miniature(BENEVENTANA, SCRITTURA E MINIATURA)Vol. II, p. 769 BENEVENTANA, SCRITTURA AND MINIATURE. - I. WRITING. - The term “beneventana” denotes the calligraphic script used in Latin manuscripts of southern Italy and…
Benevento, Archdiocese of(BENEVENTO, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 771 BENEVENTO, ARCHDIOCESE OF. — An archdiocese among the largest in southern Italy, with its see in a city rich in history that was once the capital first of a…
Benevolence, Love of(BENEVOLENZA, AMORE DI)Vol. II, p. 775 BENEVOLENZA, AMORE of. - The highest form of love, whose motive is not the advantage of the lover (“love of concupiscence”), but the good of the beloved (Summa…
Benevoli, OrazioVol. II, p. 775 BENEVOLI, ORAZIO. — Musician, born in Rome on 9 April 1605, died there on 17 June 1672. He was a boy chorister, then chapel master at S. Luigi de' Francesi…
Benfatti, Giacomo, Blessed(BENFATTI, GIACOMO, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 775 BENFATTI, GIACOMO, Blessed. - Bishop of Mantova, born there about the middle of the 13th century and died there on 19 Nov. 1338; having become a Dominican, he…
Benfatto, Luigi (Alvise)Vol. II, p. 775 BENFATTO, LUIGI (ALVISE). – Painter, born in Verona around 1544, as can be deduced from the parish obituary, which states that he died at approximately 65…
Bengasi, Apostolic Vicariate of(BENGASI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 775 BENGASI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE. — Cyrenaica as an autonomous mission began in 1927 with the division of the former vicariate of Libya (v.); in 1939, with the…
Bengel, Johann AlbrechtVol. II, p. 776 BENGEL, JOHANN ALBRECHT. - Protestant scholar, born at Winnenden, in Württemberg, in 1687, died at Stuttgart in 1752. He was a minister of Lutheran worship at…
Bengy de Bonnalt d'Houet, Marie-Madeleine de(BENGY DE BONNAULT D'HOUET, MARIE-MADELEINE DE)Vol. II, p. 776 BENGY DE BONNAULT D'HOUET, MARIE-MADELEINE de. — Foundress of the Faithful Companions of Jesus (v.), born in Châteauroux (Indre) on 21 September 1781, died in…
Bengy, Anatole deVol. II, p. 776 BENGY, ANATOLE de. – Jesuit, born on 19 September 1824 in Bourges, died on 26 May 1871 in Paris. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1843 and took part in the…
Beni (El-Beni), Apostolic Vicariate of(BENI (EL-BENI), VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 776 BENI (EL-BENI), APOSTOLIC VICARIATE OF. – The restorer in Bolivia of the ancient Franciscan and Jesuit missions was the Franciscan Andrea Herrero who, assisted…
Beni, in Belgian Congo, Apostolic Vicariate of(BENI NEL CONGO BELGA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. II, p. 785 BENI IN THE BELGIAN CONGO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE. — This vicariate was erected on 9 February 1938, but the Assumptionists who direct it had already been working…
Beniami, MassimianoVol. II, p. 776 BENIAMI, MASSIMIANO. - Theologian of the Order of Conventuals, born at Codogno in the Lodigiano in the first half of the sixteenth century, died at Chioggia on…
Benigni, UmbertoVol. II, p. 784 BENIGNI, UMBERTO. – Priest, born on 30 March 1862 in Perugia, died in 1934 in Rome. A scholar of some renown in historical and social studies, he devoted…
Benignity(BENIGNITÀ)Vol. II, p. 784 BENIGNITÀ. — This is that disposition of soul by which one is glad and takes pleasure in doing good to others. While distinguishing it from goodness, St.…
Benigno, Visdomini(BENIGNO VISDOMINI)Vol. II, p. 784 BENIGNO VISDOMINI. - Abbot General of the Vallombrosans, born at Montevarchi in Tuscany into a noble family related to s. Giovanni Gualberto, died at…
Benignus, Saint, Martyr(BENIGNO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. II, p. 784 BENIGNO, saint, martyr. - Venerated at Digione; until the beginning of the 6th century he was known only to local peasants; Bishop Gregorio di Langres himself…
Benildo, Brother, Blessed(BENILDO, FRATEL, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 785 BENILDO, FRATEL, blessed. — In the world Pierre Romançon, born at Thuret on 14 June 1805, died at Saugues on 13 August 1862. He received the habit of the…
Benincasa, CaterinaVol. II, p. 785 BENINCASA, CATERINA: v. CATERINA DA SIENA, santa.
Benincasa, da Siena(BENINCASA DA SIENA)Vol. II, p. 785 BENINCASA da SIENA. – Decretist, properly from Arezzo, not to be confused with the later canonist of the same name; d. in 1206. He taught canon law at Bologna.…
Benincasa, Osanna, Venerable(BENINCASA, OBSOLA, VENERABILE)Vol. II, p. 785 BENINCASA, OBSOLA, venerable. - Foundress of the Congregation of the Theatines, b. in Naples on 20 Oct. 1547, d. there on 20 Oct. 1618. From her childhood she…
Benivieni, DomenicoVol. II, p. 786 BENIVIENI, DOMENICO. – Philosopher and theologian, born in Florence in 1460, died there on 3 December 1507. Because of his philosophical tendency, Ficino…
Benivieni, GirolamoVol. II, p. 786 BENIVIENI, GIROLAMO. - Humanist and poet, b. in Firenze on 6 Feb. 1453, d. there in 1542. He was closely associated with the Medici family, with Poliziano,…
Benizi, FilippoVol. II, p. 786 BENIZI, FILIPPO: v. FILIPPO BENIZI.
BenjaminVol. II, p. 786 BENJAMIN. — A Dominican, probably Croatian, who, toward the end of the 15th century, translated at Nijni-Novgorod for the local archbishop Gennadio (1485–1504)…
Benjamin (Heb. Binyamīn)(BENIAMIN (EBR. BINJAMĪN))Vol. II, p. 776 BENIAMIN (Hebr. Binjamīn). — The last son of Giacobbe. Rachele, dying while giving birth to him near Ephrata (Betlemme), had called him Ben-šai, “son of my…
Benjamin, Basilio Rumovskij Krasnopekov(BENIAMIN, BASILIO RUMOVSKIJ KRASNOPEKOV)Vol. II, p. 777 BENIAMIN, BASILIO RUMOVSKIJ KRASNOPEKOV. – Russian liturgist, born at Krasnoe in 1758. He was bishop first of Olonec, then of Arcangelo, and finally of…
Benkert, Franz GeorgVol. II, p. 787 BENKERT, FRANZ GEORG. - Catholic theologian and ecclesiastical historian. Born on 25 Sept. 1790 at Nordheim (Rhön) and died on 20 May 1859 at Coburgo. He…
BennoneVol. II, p. 787 BENNONE. – Having relinquished his canonry at Strasbourg and taken up the eremitical life near the tomb of s. Meinrado, in 927 he was elected by Emperor Enrico…
Bennone, Bishop of Meissen, Saint(BENNONE, VESCOVO DI MEISSEN, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 787 BENNO, bishop of MEISSEN, saint. — Of a Saxon comital family, brother of Count Cristoforo, he was a canon at Goslar when, in 1066, he was appointed bishop of…
Bennone, Bishop of Osnabrück(BENNONE, VESCOVO DI OSNABRÜCK)Vol. II, p. 787 BENNONE, bishop of OSNABRÜCK. — Born at Löningen around 1020, died at Iburg on 27 July 1088. He was a disciple of Hermannus Contractus and, around 1042,…
Bennone, Bishop of Rimini(BENNONE, VESCOVO DI RIMINI)Vol. II, p. 788 BENNONE, bishop of RIMINI. — Appointed in 1230. Highly esteemed by Gregory IX, he was entrusted with numerous missions and was charged with resolving a dispute…
Beno (Bennone)(BENO (BENNO, BENNONE))Vol. II, p. 788 BENO (BENNO, BENNONE). – Cardinal, died around 1100. Created cardinal by Stephen IX in 1058, on 5 May 1081 he took part in the Roman synod against the antipope…
Benoist, MichelVol. II, p. 788 BENOIST, MICHEL. – French Jesuit and missionary, born at Dijon (or at Autun) on 8 October 1715, died at Peking on 23 October 1774. Having entered the novitiate…
Benozzo di LeseVol. II, p. 788 BENOZZO di LESE: v. GOZZOLI BENOZZO.
Benson, Robert Hugh(BENSON, ROBERT HUG)Vol. II, p. 788 BENSON, ROBERT H. — English convert, apologist, and novelist, born in Berkshire on 18 November 1871 and died in London on 19 October 1914. He studied theology…
Bentham, JeremyVol. II, p. 788 BENTHAM, JEREMY. — Philosopher and jurist, born in London on 15 February 1748, died there on 6 June 1832. He was of exceptionally precocious intellect, to the…
Bentivengni, Bentivenge(BENTIVENGHI, BENTIVENGA)Vol. II, p. 790 BENTIVENGHI, BENTIVENGA. - Franciscan, cardinal, born at Todi of a noble family, died on 25 March 1289. According to the writers of Todi, he was the brother of…
BentivoglioVol. II, p. 790 BENTIVOGLIO. – Bolognese family recorded since the beginning of the thirteenth century; already toward the end of that century and at the beginning of the…
Bentley, RichardVol. II, p. 791 BENTLEY, RICHARD. - English scholar and Hellenist, b. at Dulton on 27 Jan. 1662, d. at Cambridge on 14 Sept. 1742. He studied at Cambridge and, in 1690, took…
Benue, Apostolic Prefecture of(BENUE, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. II, p. 791 BENUE, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - Recently established (9 July 1934), with territory taken from the vicariate of southern Nigeria, thereafter called…
Benvenuti, Giovanni AntonioVol. II, p. 791 BENVENUTI, GIOVANNI ANTONIO. - Cardinal, born at Belvedere, in the diocese of Senigaglia, on 17 March 1766; died at Osimo on 14 Nov. 1838. Created cardinal by…
Benvenuti, PietroVol. II, p. 792 BENVENUTI, PIETRO. – Painter, born in Arezzo on 8 January 1769, died in Florence on 3 February 1844. From 1782 to 1804 he lived in Rome, where he studied under…
Benvenuto di GiovanniVol. II, p. 792 BENVENUTO di GIOVANNI. – Son of Meo del Guasta. Sienese painter. Born 13 September 1436, died c. 1518; his activity is extensively documented by numerous…
Benvenuto, da Gubbio, Blessed(BENVENUTO DA GUBBIO, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 792 BENVENUTO da GUBBIO, blessed. - A nobleman and soldier of Gubbio, in 1222 he was received among the Friars Minor by St. Francesco, who was certain that B.…
Benzi, BernardinoVol. II, p. 792 BENZI, BERNARDINO. – Jesuit moral theologian, born in Venice on 16 July 1688, died there on 28 February 1768. He entered religious life in 1705 and…
BenzigerVol. II, p. 792 BENZIGER. — A Catholic publishing house of Swiss origin, with branches in the United States of America (New York, Cincinnati, Chicago), in Germany (Cologne,…
Benziger, Aloys di S.(BENZIGER, ALOYS DI S)Vol. II, p. 793 BENZIGER, ALOYS di S. MARIA. - Son of the publisher Johann B., born on 31 Jan. 1864 in Einsiedeln; he became a Carmelite at Bruges (1884), was ordained priest…
Benzinger, ImmanuelVol. II, p. 793 BENZINGER, IMMANUEL. - Protestant exegete and scholar of Palestine, b. in Stuttgart in 1865, d. in March 1935. In 1898 he was Privatdozent in the Old Testament…
Benzone, Bishop of Alba(BENZONE, VESCOVO DI ALBA)Vol. II, p. 793 BENZONE, bishop of ALBA. – Probably a native of southern Italy, born at the beginning of the 11th century, he was already a bishop in 1959, since he appears…
Berardi, Carlo SebastianoVol. II, p. 794 BERARDI, CARLO SEBASTIANO. - Canonist, b. at Oneglia on 26 Aug. 1719, d. in 1768. After studying theology with the Piarists at Savona, he was ordained priest…
Berardi, GiovanniVol. II, p. 794 BERARDI, GIOVANNI. — Cardinal, born at Corcannello (Aquila) into the noble family of the counts of the Marsi of Tagliacozzo, died in Rome on 21 January 1449.…
Berardier, DenisVol. II, p. 794 BERARDIER, DENIS. - Priest, b. in 1729, d. in 1794. Having completed his theological studies at the Sorbonne, he became rector of the college of Quimper, his…
Berardinelli, FrancescoVol. II, p. 794 BERARDINELLI, FRANCESCO. – Man of letters, born at Gambatesa (Campobasso) in 1816 and died in Rome on 12 December 1892. He entered the Society of Jesus at…
Berardo, Pietro, Accursio, Adiuto, Ottone, Saints(BERARDO, PIETRO, ACCURSIO, ADIUTO, OTTONE, SANTI)Vol. II, p. 795 BERARDO, PIETRO, ACCURSIO, ADIUTO, OTTONE, saints. — Franciscan proto-martyrs: O. was a priest, B. a subdeacon, and the others lay brothers. In 1219 they were…
Beraza, BlasVol. II, p. 795 BERAZA, BLAS. - Spanish Jesuit and theologian, b. at Begoña (Vizcaya) on 21 Dec. 1862, d. at Marneffe (Belgium) on 25 Jan. 1936. Having entered the novitiate…
Berberati, Apostolic Prefecture of(BERBERATI, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. II, p. 795 BERBERATI, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - Erected on 28 May 1940 in French Equatorial Africa, in the north-western part of Ubanghi-Chari, with territory taken…
Berberi, Religion of the(BERBERI, RELIGIONE DEI)Vol. II, p. 795 BERBERI, RELIGIONE of the. — The present-day B., concerning whose origins scholars disagree (Asian origin according to some, African or mixed origin according…
Berceo, Gonzalo deVol. II, p. 796 BERCEO, GONZALO de. — Spanish priest and poet, of whom few biographical details are known. Born at Berceo (diocese of Calahorra) around 1198, he was educated…
Berdini, AlbertoVol. II, p. 797 BERDINI, ALBERTO: V. ALBERTO DA SARTEANO.
Berdyaev, Nikolaj Aliksandrovič(BERDJAEV, NIKOLAJ ALIKSANDROVIĆ)Vol. II, p. 797 BERDJAEV, NIKOLAJ ALIKSANDROVIĆ. – Contemporary Russian philosopher, born in Kiev on 6 May 1874, died in Paris on 23 March 1948. Having completed his studies…
BereaVol. II, p. 797 BEREA. - Ancient name of three cities. 1) B. of MACEDONIA (Lat. Beroea). An important city on the slopes of Mount Bermius (present-day Verria), 68 km northwest…
BereaniVol. II, p. 797 BEREANI. – This is the name given to the adherents of a Scottish sect who, wishing to imitate the Christians of Berea (Act. 17:11), read Scripture every day.…
Berengar I, King of Italy(BERENGARIO I, RE D'ITALIA)Vol. II, p. 798 BERENGARIO I, king of ITALY. — Upon the deposition of Carlo il Grosso, the margrave of Friuli B. asserted his right to the succession, being the son of…
Berengar of Tours(BERENGARIO DI TOURS)Vol. II, p. 798 BERENGARIO di TOURS. — Heretic of the 11th century, born at Tours in the early years of the 11th century and died there on 6 January 1088. He studied at the…
Berengarius, Pietro di Poitiers (Berengarius Pictaviensis)(BERENGARIO, PIETRO DI POITIERS (BERENGARIUS PICTAVIENSIS))Vol. II, p. 798 BERENGARIO, PIETRO di POITIERS (Berengarius Pictaviensis). — A disciple and admirer of Abelardo (v.), known almost exclusively for the part he played in…
Berengaudus(BERENGAUDO)Vol. II, p. 801 BERENGAUDO. – Author of an important Latin commentary on the Apocalypse: Expositio super septem visiones libri Apocalypsis (PL 17, 765–970). Its first editor,…
Berengoz of Trier(BERENGOZ DI TREVIRI)Vol. II, p. 801 BERENGOZ DI TREVIRI. – Benedictine abbot of S. Massimino, to whom he rendered distinguished service by reclaiming various rights and possessions from Enrico V;…
Berenice (Bernice)Vol. II, p. 801 BERENICE (BERNICE). - Sister of Agrippa II, daughter of King Erode Agrippa I (d. in A.D. 44). She married Erode, king of Calciè, brother of her father. Widowed…
Bergamasco II(BERGAMASCO, II)Vol. II, p. 801 BERGAMASCO, II: v. CASTELLO GIAN BATTISTA.
Bergamo, Diocese of(BERGAMO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 801 BERGAMO, DIOCESI di. — The city consists of two nuclei: the upper city, which is the ancient one and contains the most significant monuments, and the lower…
Berger, ElieVol. II, p. 803 BERGER, ELIE. – Historian, born in Beaucourt in 1850, died in Paris on 2 April 1925. Professor of palaeography at the École des Chartes, and a member of the…
Bergier, Nicolas-SylvestreVol. II, p. 803 BERGIER, NICOLAS-SYLVESTRE. — French theologian and apologist, born at Darney (Lorraine) on 31 December 1718, died at Versailles on 9 April 1790. After taking…
Bergognone (Ambrogio da Fossano)Vol. II, p. 804 BERGOGNONE (AMBROGIO da FOSSANO). - Lombard painter, born probably between 1450 and 1460, mentioned between 1481 and 1522. He was a follower of Vincenzo Foppa,…
Bergson, HenriVol. II, p. 804 BERGSON, HENRI. – Philosopher, born in Paris on 18 October 1859 to a Jewish family of Irish origin, died there on 4 January 1941. A student of Ollé-Laprune and…
Beringer, FranzVol. II, p. 806 BERINGER, FRANZ. - German Jesuit, canonist, b. at Magonza on 30 May 1838, d. at Rome on 23 Jan. 1909. Ordained priest in 1854, after completing his studies at…
Berington, JosephVol. II, p. 806 BERINGTON, JOSEPH. - Theologian, b. 16 Jan. 1743 at Winsley, d. 1 Dec. 1827 at Buckland (Berkshire). As a young man he studied at the college of St-Omer and,…
Berito, School of(BERITO, SCUOLA DI)Vol. II, p. 806 BERITO, SCUOLA di. — Among the most celebrated of antiquity (3rd–6th centuries). The city (Βηροτός, Berytus), called by St. Gregory Thaumaturgus “the most…
Berkeley, GeorgeVol. II, p. 807 BERKELEY, GEORGE. — English philosopher and Anglican bishop, born on 12 March 1685 at Dysert, in County Kilkenny, Ireland, into an immigrant Anglican family;…
Berlage, AntonVol. II, p. 809 BERLAGE, ANTON. - German theologian of the 19th century, born at Münster in V. on 21 Dec. 1805 and died there on 6 Dec. 1881. From 1824 to 1831 he studied…
Berlin, Diocese of(BERLINO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. II, p. 809 BERLIN, DIOCESE OF. - A name of Slavic origin, designating the capital of the German Republic and of the Prussian state. The diocese of the same name was…
Berlioz, HectorVol. II, p. 812 BERLIOZ, HECTOR. - Composer, b. at Côte-St-André (Isère) on 11 Dec. 1803, d. in Paris on 8 March 1869. He studied in Paris, first as a pupil of Lesueur, then,…
Berlière, UrsmerVol. II, p. 809 BERLIÈRE, URSMER. — Benedictine, born on 3 September 1861 at Gosselies, died on 28 August 1932 in the abbey of Maredsous. After attending the Collège du…
Berloty, BonaventureVol. II, p. 812 BERLOTY, BONAVENTURE. — French Jesuit and scientist, born in Lyon on 25 March 1856, died at Ksara on 10 October 1934. He entered religious life in 1874. He had…
Bermudes, JoãoVol. II, p. 812 BERMUDES, JOÃO. – Portuguese, pseudo-patriarch of Ethiopia. A strange figure of a sixteenth-century adventurer who, upon returning from Ethiopia, passed…
Bernabei, ErcoleVol. II, p. 812 BERNABEI, ERCOLE. - Musician, b. at Caprarola between 1620 and 1622, d. at Munich in 1687. A pupil of Orazio Benevoli, in 1663 he was organist at S. Luigi de'…
Bernadette Soubirous, Saint(BERNARDETTA SOUBIROUS, SANTA)Vol. II, p. 814 BERNARDETTA SOUBIROUS, saint: v. MARIA BERNARDA SOUBIROUS, santa.
Bernadette Soubirous, Saint(MARIA BERNARDA SOUBIROUS, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 107 MARIA BERNARDA SOUBIROUS, saint. - In secular life Bernadette, born at Lourdes on 7 Jan. 1844, died at Nevers on 16 Apr. 1879. She grew up in the shadow of a…
Bernadot, Marie-VincentVol. II, p. 812 BERNADOT, MARIE-VINCENT. - French Dominican, b. 14 June 1883, d. at Labastide-l'Evêque on 25 June 1941; an active promoter of Christian renewal in France…
Bernanos, GeorgesVol. II, p. 813 BERNANOS, GEORGES. — French writer of novels, short stories, and essays, born in Paris on 20 February 1888, died in Neuilly-sur-Seine on 5 July 1948. Coming…
Bernard De La Treille (De Trilha)(BERNARD DI LA TREILLE (DE TRILIA))Vol. II, p. 814 BERNARD di LA TREILLE (de Trilia). — Dominican philosopher and theologian of the 13th century. Born in Nîmes, he taught theology in Paris (1284–88), and died…
Bernard II Of Baden, Blessed(BERNARDO II DI BADEN, BEATO,)Vol. II, p. 825 BERNARDO II di BADEN, blessed—Son of Margrave Giacomo V, born around 1430. Although married to the daughter of the king of France, Carlo VII, he led a very…
Bernard Maria Of Jesus(BERNARDO MARIA DI GESÙ)Vol. II, p. 837 BERNARDO MARIA di Gesù. — Passionist, in the world Cesare Silvestrelli, born in Rome on 7 November 1831, died at Moricone, in Sabina, on 9 December 1911. He…
Bernard Of Aosta(BERNARDO D'AOSTA)Vol. II, p. 824 BERNARDO D'AOSTA, saint — St Bernard dog. Without in the hospice date back to the 17th century. IV. OSPIZIO DEL PICCOLO S. B. - Si trova sul valico omonimo…
Bernard Of Chartres(BERNARDO DI CHARTRES)Vol. II, p. 826 BERNARDO of CHARTRES. — Philosopher, who lived between the end of the 11th century and the beginning of the 12th, for some time erroneously identified, because…
Bernard Of Clairvaux(BERNARDO DI CHIARAVALLE)Vol. II, p. 826 BERNARDO di CHIARAVALLE, saint and Doctor of the Church. - SUMMARY: I. Life. - II. Writings: 1. Epistolae; 2. Sermones; 3. Tractatus. - III. Thought: 1.…
Bernard Of Clairvaux, Saint(BERNARDO DI CHIARAVALLE, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 826 St. BERNARDO of CHIARAVALLE – A miniature depicting St. B. – Book of Hours in use at Mâcon (late 15th century). The text contained in the scroll, once…
Bernard Of Cluny(BERNARDO DI CLUNY)Vol. II, p. 832 BERNARDO di CLUNY. - A Benedictine monk of the abbey of Cluny, who lived in the 11th century. As we know from the preface to his work, he was a disciple of St.…
Bernard Of Compostela (Of Compostella, Bernardus Compostellanus)(BERNARDO COMPOSTELLANO (DA COMPOSTELLA, BERNARDUS COMPOSTELLANUS))Vol. II, p. 837 BERNARDO COMPOSTELLANO (from COMPOSTELLA, Bernardus Compostellanus). — Two decretalists of this name are distinguished, belonging to somewhat different periods.
Bernard Of Corleone, Blessed(BERNARDO DA CORLEONE, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 832 BERNARDO da CORLEONE, blessed. - Capuchin lay brother, in the world Filippo Latini, b. at Corleone on 6 Feb. 1605, d. at Castelnuovo (Palermo) on 12 Jan. 1667.…
Bernard Of Eger (Of Agria, In Hungary)(BERNARDO DA EGER (DA AGRIA, IN UNGHERIA))Vol. II, p. 832 BERNARDO da EGER (da AGRIA, in Ungheria). - Learned writer of the charterhouse of Liegnitz in the diocese of Breslavia, whom Tritemio calls a most erudite…
Bernard Of Menthon, Saint(BERNARDO DI MENTHON, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO di MENTHON, saint: v. BERNARDO ARCIDIACONO di AOSTA, santo.
Bernard, Archdeacon Of Aosta, Saint(BERNARDO, ARCIDIACONO DI AOSTA, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 823 BERNARDO, archdeacon of AOSTA, saint. — SUMMARY: I. Life. — II. Iconography and sacred representations. — III. Hospice of the Great Saint Bernard. — IV.…
Bernard, ClaudeVol. II, p. 813 BERNARD, CLAUDE. — French priest known as the poor priest, born in Dijon, to a distinguished magistrate, on 26 December 1588, died in Paris on 23 March 1641.…
Bernard, Saint(BERNA DA SIENA)Vol. II, p. 812 BERNA da SIENA: V. BARNA DA SIENA.
Bernardes, DiogoVol. II, p. 814 BERNARDES, DIOGO. — Portuguese poet, born between 1520 and 1530, died between 1596 and 1608. At first he treated subjects of profane inspiration (with…
Bernardes, ManoelVol. II, p. 814 BERNARDES, MANOEL. — Portuguese writer and religious of the Congregation of the Oratory, born in Lisbon on 20 August 1644, died there on 17 August 1710. An…
Bernardi, GaetanoVol. II, p. 814 BERNARDI, GAETANO. - Cassinese Benedictine monk of the abbey of Montecassino, man of letters and educator, born at Caramanico (Chieti) on 1 Nov. 1827, died at…
Bernardine Of Esquermes(BERNARDINE DI ESQUERMES)Vol. II, p. 814 BERNARDINE DI ESQUERMES. – Three French Cistercian religious women, expelled by the Revolution and returned to their homeland in 1797, determined to live…
Bernardino D'Aquila (Amici), Blessed(BERNARDINO D'AQUILA (AMICI), BEATO)Vol. II, p. 814 BERNARDINO d'AQUILA (AMICI), blessed. - Celebrated Franciscan preacher and writer, born at Fossa in 1420, died at San Giuliano near L'Aquila on 22 or 27 Nov.…
Bernardino D'AstiVol. II, p. 815 BERNARDINO D'ASTI. – Capuchin, born ca. 1484 in the castle of Rinco near Asti, died in Rome in 1554. In 1499 he entered the Order of the Observant Friars…
Bernardino Da BalvanoVol. II, p. 815 BERNARDINO DA BALVANO. - Capuchin preacher, born at Balvano (Potenza), died piously at Cosenza in 1558. He carried out his apostolate in the Salerno region, in…
Bernardino Da ColpetrazzoVol. II, p. 815 BERNARDINO da COLPETRAZZO. - Capuchin historian and preacher of the Umbrian province, b. 25 Nov. 1514; he passed from the Observant Minors to the Capuchin…
Bernardino Da Feltre, Blessed(BERNARDINO DA FELTRE, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 815 BERNARDINO da FELTRE, blessed. — Friar Minor, in the world Martino Tomitani, preacher, born at Feltre in 1439, died at Pavia on 28 September 1494. His mother…
Bernardino Da Fossa, Blessed(BERNARDINO DA FOSSA, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 816 BERNARDINO DA FOSSA, beato: v. BERNARDINO d'AQUILA, beato.
Bernardino Da LaredoVol. II, p. 816 BERNARDINO DA LAREDO. — Franciscan mystic, born in Seville in 1482, died after September 1540. After studying medicine, he entered the Order of the Observant…
Bernardino Da Picquigny (Latin: A Piconio)(BERNARDINO DA PICQUIGNY (LAT. A PICONIO))Vol. II, p. 819 BERNARDINO da PICQUIGNY (Lat. a Piconio). — Capuchin exegete of the province of Paris, born at Picquigny in Picardy in 1633, died in Paris on 8 December 1709.…
Bernardino Da PortogruaroVol. II, p. 819 BERNARDINO da PORTOGRUARO. - Minister General of the Friars Minor (Giuseppe Dal Vago), born on 15 Jan. 1822 at Portogruaro, died at Quaracchi on 7 May 1895.…
Bernardino Da SahagúnVol. II, p. 819 BERNARDINO da SAHAGÚN. — An illustrious missionary and ethnographer of Mexico, born at Sahagún (Spain) in 1500, died in Mexico on 23 October 1590. While…
Bernardino Da Siena, Saint(BERNARDINO DA SIENA, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 820 Bernardino of Siena, St. — Franciscan friar, distinguished for learning and holiness, for his original and highly effective preaching, for the propagation of…
Bernardino De PlanesVol. II, p. 819 BERNARDINO de PLANES. — Prior of the Charterhouse of Montalegre, near Barcelona, died in 1694. He wrote several ascetical works, among them Concordancia…
Bernardino De' BustisVol. II, p. 815 BERNARDINO DE' BUSTIS. – A great Franciscan preacher, born in Milan into the noble de' B. family, around 1450. He pursued his early studies in Milan and…
Bernardino Realino, Saint(BERNARDINO REALINO, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 822 BERNARDINO REALINO, saint. – Of the Society of Jesus. Born at Carpi on 1 December 1530, he pursued excellent studies at Carpi, Modena, and Bologna, where he…
Bernardo (Emiliani) Da PesaroVol. II, p. 834 BERNARDO (EMILIANI) da PESARO. - Capuchin preacher, born at Pesaro about 1626, died there on 22 April 1706. He donned the Capuchin habit on 16 December 1646,…
Bernardo D'OsimoVol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO d'OSIMO. - Capuchin, born at Osimo (Ancona) around 1527 into a poor family; he died there in the odour of sanctity on 23 August 1591. He entered the…
Bernardo Da Bessa (Besse)Vol. II, p. 825 BERNARDO da BESSA (BESSE). - A thirteenth-century Franciscan, travelling companion and secretary of s. Bonaventura, whose example and teaching inspired him in…
Bernardo Da BolognaVol. II, p. 825 BERNARDO da BOLOGNA. — Capuchin writer and orator of the Bolognese province, born on 17 Dec. 1699, in the world Floriano Toselli, died on 19 Feb. 1768. His…
Bernardo Da CastelvetereVol. II, p. 825 BERNARDO da CASTELVETERE. - Capuchin preacher and ascetical writer, b. at Caulonia (formerly Castelvetere, province of Reggio Calabria) in 1708, d. in 1756. He…
Bernardo Da NapoliVol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO da NAPOLI. - Capuchin ascetical writer, b. in Napoli, of the D'Andrea family, on 26 Oct. 1819; he took the Capuchin habit on 30 Jan. 1835, d. in 1889.…
Bernardo Da Offida, Blessed(BERNARDO DA OFFIDA, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO da OFFIDA, blessed. – Capuchin layman, in the world Domenico Peroni, born in Offida on 7 November 1604, died there on 22 August 1694; he was a…
Bernardo Da ParmaVol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO da PARMA. - Also called da Botone, decretalist, born at Parma at the beginning of the 13th century, died at Bologna in May 1263. Canon of the…
Bernardo Da Rogliano, Venerable(BERNARDO DA ROGLIANO, VENERABILE)Vol. II, p. 834 BERNARDO da ROGLIANO, venerable. — Hermit, founder of the Congregation of Colloreto, born at Rogliano (Cosenza) in 1519 to Protetto Milizia and Palma Dodera;…
Bernardo Degli Uberti, Saint(BERNARDO DEGLI UBERTI, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 837 BERNARDO degli UBERTI, saint. - Born into a noble Florentine family around 1060, in 1075 he became a Vallombrosan monk in the monastery of S. Salvi, and in…
Bernardo Di S.(BERNARDO DI S)Vol. II, p. 834 BERNARDO di S. PIETRO in VINCOLI. — Cardinal of the twelfth century, created by Alessandro III with the title of S. Nicola in Carcere, probably in 1178, and,…
Bernardo Di TironVol. II, p. 834 BERNARDO di TIRON. — Benedictine abbot and reformer, born in the territory of Abbeville (hence also called B. d'Abbeville) around 1046 and died at Tiron on 14…
Bernardo Di TriliaVol. II, p. 837 BERNARDO di TRILIA: V. BERNARD DE LA TREILLE.
Bernardo Of Lippe(BERNARDO DI LIPPE)Vol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO di LIPPE. — Cistercian, who lived in the 12th–13th centuries. He was a canon of the cathedral of Hildesheim when, upon the death of his brother, he…
Bernardo Of Luxembourg(BERNARDO DI LUSSEMBURGO)Vol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO di LUSSEMBURGO. - Dominican controversialist and inquisitor, b. at Strassen in the fifteenth century and d. at Cologne on 6 Oct. 1535. In 1516 he took…
Bernardo Of Porto(BERNARDO DI PORTO)Vol. II, p. 834 BERNARDO di PORTO. — Cardinal, who lived in the 12th century. Magister Bernardus, as Gerhoh of Reichersberg calls him (De investigazione antichristi, I, 53),…
Bernardo, Bishop Of Parma(BERNARDO, VESCOVO DI PARMA)Vol. II, p. 833 BERNARDO, bishop of PARMA. — Elected in 1169 and confirmed the following year, he worked, as lord of the city and contado of Parma, to protect it from enemy…
Bernardoni, GianmariaVol. II, p. 837 BERNARDONI, GIANMARIA. - Architect, b. at Cagno near Como in 1542. He studied architecture in Rome before entering the Society of Jesus on 19 Jan. 1564 as a…
Bernardus Compostellanus AntiquusVol. II, p. 837 BERNARDUS COMPOSTELLANUS ANTIQUUS. — Spaniard, professor of canon law. In 1208 he extracted from the registers of Innocent III the decretals of the first ten…
Bernardus Compostellanus Junior(BERNARDUS COMPOSTELLANUS IUNIOR)Vol. II, p. 837 BERNARDUS COMPOSTELLANUS IUNIOR. — Spanish decretalist, born at Vernant (hence the surname Brigantius, by which he is also occasionally designated). He seems…
Bernardus, LombardiVol. II, p. 837 BERNARDUS, LOMBARDI. - Fourteenth-century French Thomist, Dominican of the convent of Perpignan; he was prior of Avignon (1323), then provincial of his…
Bernardus, Papensis(BERNARDUS, PAPIENSIS)Vol. II, p. 838 BERNARDUS, PAPIENSIS : v. BALBI BERNARDO.
Bernetti, TommasoVol. II, p. 838 BERNETTI, TOMMASO. — Cardinal, born at Fermo on 29 December 1779, died there on 21 March 1852. He studied law in his native city and went to Rome to practice…
Berneux, Siméon-FrançoisVol. II, p. 838 BERNEUX, SIMÉON-FRANÇOIS. - B. on 14 May 1814 at Château-du-Loir (France), ordained priest in 1837, he entered the Paris Foreign Missions in 1839 and departed…
Berni, FrancescoVol. II, p. 839 BERNI, FRANCESCO. — Born at Lamporecchio in Val di Nievole in 1497, he studied in Florence, donned the clerical habit, and in 1517 came to the Rome of Leone X,…
Bernice (Veronica), Prosdocia And Domnina, Saints, Martyrs(BERNICE (VERONICA), PRÔSDOCE E DOMNINA, SANTE, MARTIRI)Vol. II, p. 839 BERNICE (VERONICA), PRÔSDOCE and DOMNINA, saints, martyrs. - Their most singular martyrdom, which took place in Antiochia, is attested by Eusebio di Cesarea…
Bernier, Étienne-Alexandre(BERNIER, ETIENNE-ALEXANDRE)Vol. II, p. 840 BERNIER, ETIENNE-ALEXANDRE. - Bishop of Orléans, b. 31 Oct. 1762 at Daon, d. 1 Oct. 1806 in Paris. Doctor of theology and parish priest of St-Laud d'Angers, he…
Bernini, DomenicoVol. II, p. 840 BERNINI, DOMENICO. – The eldest son of the celebrated artist Gian Lorenzo, he entered the ecclesiastical state and was a canon of S. Maria Maggiore. He…
Bernini, Gian LorenzoVol. II, p. 840 BERNINI, GIAN LORENZO. – Architect, sculptor, painter, and stage designer, born in Naples to the sculptor Pietro B., a Florentine, and Angelica Galante, a…
Bernini, Giuseppe Maria Da GargnanoVol. II, p. 842 BERNINI, GIUSEPPE MARIA da GARGNANO. — Distinguished missionary in Tibet. Born on 2 September 1709 into a noble family, he entered the Capuchin Friars Minor of…
Bernini, PietroVol. II, p. 843 BERNINI, PIETRO. — Sculptor and painter, born in Sesto Fiorentino in 1562, died in Rome in 1629. He trained in Mannerist painting in Florence under Sirigatti,…
Bernis, François-Joachim De Pierres DeVol. II, p. 843 BERNIS, FRANÇOIS-JOACHIM de PIERRES de. — Cardinal, born on 22 May 1715 at St-Marcel de l'Ardèche, into a noble family, he first studied with the Jesuits, then…
Bernières-Louvigny, Jean DeVol. II, p. 840 BERNIÈRES-LOUVIGNY, JEAN de. – French mystical writer, born at Caen in 1602, where he died on 3 May 1659. Devoted to good works from his youth and a member of…
Berno Of Reichenau (Berno Augiensis)(BERNONE DI REICHENAU (BERNO AUGIENSIS))Vol. II, p. 844 BERNONE di REICHENAU (Berno Augiensis). — Called Bernardo by some; statesman, liturgist, musician, hagiographer, orator, and poet, he was one of the most…
Bernoldo Di CostanzaVol. II, p. 844 BERNOLDO di COSTANZA. - Chronicler, b. about the middle of the 11th century in the diocese of Constance, d. 16 Sept. 1100 at Schaffhausen. He studied under the…
Bernolák, AntonVol. II, p. 844 BERNOLÁK, ANTON. - Catholic priest and Slovak philologist, b. at Slanica on 4 Oct. 1762, d. at Nové Zámky on 15 Jan. 1813. His works are: Dissertatio…
Bernone, Bishop Of Schwerin(BERNONE, VESCOVO DI SCHWERIN)Vol. II, p. 845 BERNONE, bishop of SCHWERIN. - A Cistercian of the monastery of Amelungsborn on the Weser. We know almost nothing of him before his election as bishop of…
Bernone, Blessed(BERNONE, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 844 BERNONE, blessed. – Founder of Cluny, born ca. 850 to a noble family of Borgogna, died on 13 January 927. He entered the Benedictine abbey of S. Martino at…
Bernstein, EduardVol. II, p. 845 BERNSTEIN, EDUARD. - German politician, born in Berlin in 1850, died there in 1932. He was one of the principal adherents of orthodox Marxism. He subsequently…
Bernward, Saint(BERNWARD, SANTO)Vol. II, p. 845 BERNWARD, saint. - Bishop of Hildesheim (c. 960–1022). Descended from a noble Saxon family, he was received by his uncle Folkmar, later bishop of Utrecht, into…
Bernáldez, AndrésVol. II, p. 812 BERNÁLDEZ, ANDRÉS. - Spanish writer, born at La Fuente around the middle of the 15th century and probably died in 1514; parish priest of Los Palacios and…
Beroeus (Beroius), Augustinus(BEROUS (BEROIUS), AUGUSTINUS)Vol. II, p. 845 BEROUS (Beroius), AUGUSTINUS. – Civil and decretal lawyer, born in Bologna in 1474, died on 15 September 1554. A layman, he was professor of civil law at…
BerossoVol. II, p. 846 BEROSSO. — Priest of Bel (Marduk) at the Babylonian temple É-sag-ila, born ca. 340, died ca. 270 B.C., apparently at Cos, where, already an old man, he went…
Berot, Abbé(BERTOT, ABBÉ)Vol. II, p. 860 BERTOT, Abbé. – French priest, born in Normandy around 1620, a friend of Jean de Bernières and deceased in 1681, he was one of the first directors of madame…
Berquin, Louis DeVol. II, p. 846 BERQUIN, LOUIS de. — A nobleman of Artois, born at Passy, near Paris, in 1499, died in 1529. His defection from Catholicism to Protestantism was due to a…
BerrettaVol. II, p. 846 BERRETTA. – I. ECCLESIASTICAL B. – It is a head covering for the clergy, originating in the need to protect themselves from the cold during the choral office…
Berrettini, PietroVol. II, p. 847 BERRETTINI, PIETRO : v. PIETRO da CORTONA.
Berrio-Ochoa, Valentin, Blessed(BERRIO-OCHOA, VALENTÍN, BEATO)Vol. II, p. 847 BERRIO-OCHOA, VALENTÍN, blessed. – Dominican martyr in Tonkin. One of the eight martyrs beatified by Pius X in 1906 (v. ANNAMITI, MARTIRI). Born on 14 November…
